Studying the Role of Kinect As a Multi-Sensory Learning Platform for Children

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Studying the Role of Kinect As a Multi-Sensory Learning Platform for Children Poster: Studying the Role of Kinect as a Multi-Sensory Learning Platform for Children Harsh Sinha Abstract Birla Institute of Technology and According to the theory of Embodied Cognition, our be- Science, Pilani havior is a result of real-time interaction with surroundings, Pilani, India our cognitive skills, and the nervous system. From this per- [email protected] spective, researchers are considering a learning environ- ment which promotes physical activities to achieve cogni- Shivin Srivastava tive tasks. Such Natural User Interfaces (NUI) make use Birla Institute of Technology and of gesture-based sensors like the Microsoft Kinect. Yet we Science, Pilani lack in-depth studies of how they improve the learning pro- Pilani, India cess. In this paper, we present observations of two deploy- [email protected] ment studies which focus on different roles that NUI can play as a part of learning activities. We deploy the Kinect Yash Sinha based applications:- Yoga Soft: A Digital Yoga Instructor Birla Institute of Technology and and Mudra: A Kinect based Learning System in real life Science, Pilani scenarios. The first study is conducted at residences of pre- Pilani, India adolescent children in Gurgaon, India. The second study is [email protected] conducted at an education center specializing in the care of kindergarten children in Pilani, India. Author Keywords Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal or Education; Interactive Applications; Natural User Interface classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for third-party components of this work must be honored. ACM Classification Keywords For all other uses, contact the owner/author(s). K.3.1 [Computers and Education]: Computer Uses in Ed- Copyright held by the owner/author(s). UbiComp/ISWC’18 Adjunct, October 8–12, 2018, Singapore, Singapore ucation - Computer Assisted Instruction; K.8.0 [Personal ACM 978-1-4503-5966-5/18/10. Computing]: General - Games https://doi.org/10.1145/3267305.3267574 251 Introduction development. We make use of Microsoft RxPY to handle Today, the society is driven by innovations in technology Kinect’s data as event streams. Further, custom APIs as and with rapid developments in technology, the approach to web apps are deployed on Microsoft Azure to monitor the teaching is constantly changing. Everyday digital comput- development of children. ing is transforming education by integrating smart-boards and tablet technology in classrooms [5]. There is no doubt To observe and study the impact of NUI with Kinect on that in today’s digitally enhanced society, there is a need learning, and cognitive skills, the proposed platform is an- for children to get equipped with technology from the very alyzed across different environments and context. The fol- beginning. lowing section discusses the different contextual studies undertaken to study gesture-based interactions. The adoption of new technologies, especially the Microsoft Kinect has received an enthusiastic reception across schools. The Digital Yoga Instructor: Yoga Soft The Microsoft Kinect sensor is a high resolution (low cost) Yoga Soft is meant to guide a practitioner through all the depth camera, which is able to track hand and body ges- steps of an asana (yoga posture). The system has a database Figure 1: A participant learn- tures. This type of Natural User Interaction (NUI) is ap- of many asanas or postures. It is explicitly programmed to ing an asana by following propriate for children as it promotes improvement in motor recognize a particular asana by tracking the motion and audio-visual instructions planning, execution skills and hand-eye However, most of orientation of the torso, legs, and arms. It guides the user the existing applications for Kinect don’t focus on the goal towards the particular posture in multiple stages. The dif- of enhancing learning in children. Although the integration ferent postures are encoded in the application in terms of of NUI technologies have already begun, questions regard- the relative positioning of different body parts. Yoga Soft ing the suitability of software systems that claim to meet the provides real-time feedback (Figure 2) in the form of voice needs of children and teachers are still unexplored. instructions so that the person can focus on his asana in- stead of looking at the screen for subsequent instructions. In this work, the role of NUI as an illustration to Microsoft Kinect is investigated. We study its impact on children’s Empowering children with Kinect learning games: creativity, motivation to learn and easy of usability. Mudra Children’s learning ability is hindered if they are in anxiety. Using Kinect as a Learning Platform The amygdala which processes emotions [1] takes a de- The KinectV2 sensor can track various joints and their dis- fensive stand by obstructing information flow. Therefore it tance from the horizontal plane [4]. The joint locations can is very important to make sure that children are motivated be used to track the hands, legs, torso and angles between and enthusiastic to learn. Traditionally, it is supposed that Figure 2: The Application In- them. physical activities can provide the break to rejuvenate the terface shows the user’s spark to study. Mudra is developed to provide children a The proposed applications are developed using Kinectv2 real-time posture (left) and fun-based learning platform by coupling physical activities sensor for Microsoft Windows 8 and above. The hardware training video (right). and education, a methodology known as head-fake learning API is accessed using PyKinect2. The applications are based on Pygame engine which allows real-time game 252 [6]. We develop touch-less games which require human- According to the observation and findings in both the con- computer interaction mediated by Kinect. textual studies, Kinect was perceived as an enjoyable expe- rience by most of the participants. In general, children didn’t The application is based on head-fake learning [6] which find any difficulty in interacting with the application. connects learning with fun. We employ it to help children to improve their motor planning, concentration, and memory We consider study participants belonging to age groups 5-8 skills [3]. Educational games focusing on arithmetic and lin- for several reasons. Firstly, at this age children have much guistics are developed using adaptive learning to monitor better learning capabilities [2]. Secondly, if a child can learn a child’s development and accordingly adjust the difficulty by following voice commands of the digital assistant, then it level. Moreover, a score is provided to give instant feed- is indicative that the system is competent in communicating back. with the user in general. The platform included 3 games for the study. 1) Tell the Context 1: Yoga Soft Time (a participant matches the displayed time using his We explore Yoga Soft with pre-adolescent children in a res- hands as that of an analog clock, Figure 3), Aftermath idential setting to simulate a controlled environment. All (given an incomplete equation, the user need to fill the ap- participants were requested to practice all the three dif- propriate operator (+; −) using his arms to make the sign) ferent yoga asanas:- Tree Pose, Warrior Pose and Trian- and Catch the vowel (the user learns to differentiate be- gle Pose. Yoga Soft supports two languages:- English and tween vowels and consonants by catching vowels, Figure Hindi (mother tongue for children). 4). Context 2: Mudra Contextual Studies: Result and Discussions The research on Mudra was conducted with kindergarten To prepare for the study visits, we requested some children children. Children were instructed to match the time us- (after taking permission from their parents) in a residential ing their hands as that in an analog clock (Figure 3). We society in Gurgaon, India to volunteer to learn 3 different also tested their ability to differentiate between vowels and Yoga asanas (Tree Pose, Warrior Pose and Triangle Pose) consonants (Figure 4). Some of the relatively elder chil- with Yoga Soft. Similarly, the study visit for Mudra was con- dren were given basic arithmetic problems. All the games ducted at Pilani, India in education centers specialized in involved gestures. Teachers were allowed to choose appro- the care of kindergarten children. priate games for different children. Throughout each study visit, study data are collected in the Results Figure 3: A participant form of observational notes, video recordings, and pho- We find a number of similarities and differences between (above) using his hands to tographs of learning activities. The application’s API on the interaction experience with Yoga Soft and that of Mu- match the time shown on his Microsoft Azure automatically saved quantitative data re- dra. In general, children were excited to see the new format screen (below). garding the performance of students. In addition, we inter- of learning. The voice recognition and feedback system of viewed the teacher or guardian about their perspective and Yoga Soft especially amused the participants. With regard experiences with the application. to games such as Aftermath, it was observed that children’s 253 performance was enhanced and the general fear against skills, motivation and free-play. But at present Kinect is not math problems was reduced. Similarly, with ’Catch the suitable for providing guidance for physical recreational ac- vowel’, children improved their hand eye coordination and tivities like Yoga. The future work may address the design could successfully recognize vowels. Use of natural interac- of Natural User Interfaces (NUI) so that it can serve as an tions and gestures helped the children direct their impulsive valuable assisted tool to children as well as teachers.
Recommended publications
  • AAS Worldwide Telescope: Seamless, Cross-Platform Data Visualization Engine for Astronomy Research, Education, and Democratizing Data
    AAS WorldWide Telescope: Seamless, Cross-Platform Data Visualization Engine for Astronomy Research, Education, and Democratizing Data The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Rosenfield, Philip, Jonathan Fay, Ronald K Gilchrist, Chenzhou Cui, A. David Weigel, Thomas Robitaille, Oderah Justin Otor, and Alyssa Goodman. 2018. AAS WorldWide Telescope: Seamless, Cross-Platform Data Visualization Engine for Astronomy Research, Education, and Democratizing Data. The Astrophysical Journal: Supplement Series 236, no. 1. Published Version https://iopscience-iop-org.ezp-prod1.hul.harvard.edu/ article/10.3847/1538-4365/aab776 Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:41504669 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Open Access Policy Articles, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#OAP Draft version January 30, 2018 Typeset using LATEX twocolumn style in AASTeX62 AAS WorldWide Telescope: Seamless, Cross-Platform Data Visualization Engine for Astronomy Research, Education, and Democratizing Data Philip Rosenfield,1 Jonathan Fay,1 Ronald K Gilchrist,1 Chenzhou Cui,2 A. David Weigel,3 Thomas Robitaille,4 Oderah Justin Otor,1 and Alyssa Goodman5 1American Astronomical Society 1667 K St NW Suite 800 Washington, DC 20006, USA 2National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences 20A Datun Road, Chaoyang District Beijing, 100012, China 3Christenberry Planetarium, Samford University 800 Lakeshore Drive Birmingham, AL 35229, USA 4Aperio Software Ltd. Headingley Enterprise and Arts Centre, Bennett Road Leeds, LS6 3HN, United Kingdom 5Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics 60 Garden St.
    [Show full text]
  • XAMARIN.FORMS for BEGINNERS ABOUT ME Tom Soderling Sr
    XAMARIN.FORMS FOR BEGINNERS ABOUT ME Tom Soderling Sr. Mobile Apps Developer @ Polaris Industries; Ride Command Xamarin.Forms enthusiast DevOps hobbyist & machine learning beginner 4 year XCMD Blog: https://tomsoderling.github.io GitHub: https://github.com/TomSoderling Twitter: @tomsoderling How Deep Pickster Spaniel Is It? THE PLAN • Introduction: Why, What, and When • Overview of Xamarin.Forms Building Blocks • Building a Xamarin.Forms UI in XAML • Data Binding • View Customization • Next Steps & Resources • Please ask any questions that come up! THE PLAN • Introduction: Why, What, and When • Overview of Xamarin.Forms Building Blocks • Building a Xamarin.Forms UI in XAML • Data Binding • View Customization • Next Steps & Resources INTRODUCTION : WHY • WET: the soggy state of mobile app development • Write Everything Twice INTRODUCTION : WHY • WET: the soggy state of mobile app development • Write Everything Twice INTRODUCTION : WHAT • What is Xamarin.Forms? • Cross-platform UI framework • Platforms: • Mobile: iOS 8 and up, Android 4.0.3 (API 15) • Desktop: Windows 10 UWP, MacOS, WFP • Samsung Smart Devices: Tizen INTRODUCTION : WHAT • Brief History: • May 2011, Xamarin founded • MonoTouch and Mono for Android using MonoDevelop IDE • February 2013, release of Xamarin 2.0 • Xamarin Studio IDE & integration with Visual Studio • Renamed to Xamarin.Android and Xamarin.iOS • May 2014, Xamarin.Forms released as part of Xamarin 3 • February 24 2016, Xamarin acquired by Microsoft • Owned, actively developed on, and supported by Microsoft • Free
    [Show full text]
  • Programming with the Kinect for Windows SDK What We’Ll Cover
    Programming with the Kinect for Windows SDK What we’ll cover . Kinect Sensor . Using Cameras . Understanding Depth Data . Skeletal Tracking . Audio 3D DEPTH SENSORS RGB CAMERA MULTI-ARRAY MIC MOTORIZED TILT SDK Architecture Applications Video Components Audio Components Windows Core Audio 5 3 NUI API and Speech APIs DMO codec for mic array 4 2 Device Device Video stream control Audio stream control setup access User Mode WinUSB device stack WinUSB camera stack USBAudio audio stack Kernel Mode Kernel - mode drivers for Kinect for Windows USB Hub Hardware 1 Motor Cameras Audio mic array Kinect sensor Kinect for Windows User -created Windows SDK components components SDK Architecture Applications Video Components Audio Components Windows Core Audio 5 3 NUI API and Speech APIs DMO codec for mic array 4 2 Device Device Video stream control Audio stream control setup access User Mode WinUSB device stack WinUSB camera stack USBAudio audio stack Kernel Mode Kernel - mode drivers for Kinect for Windows USB Hub Hardware 1 Motor Cameras Audio mic array Kinect sensor Kinect for Windows User -created Windows SDK components components SDK Architecture Applications Video Components Audio Components Windows Core Audio 5 3 NUI API and Speech APIs DMO codec for mic array 4 2 Device Device Video stream control Audio stream control setup access User Mode WinUSB device stack WinUSB camera stack USBAudio audio stack Kernel Mode Kernel - mode drivers for Kinect for Windows USB Hub Hardware 1 Motor Cameras Audio mic array Kinect sensor Kinect for Windows User
    [Show full text]
  • Licensing Information User Manual Release 9.1 F13415-01
    Oracle® Hospitality Cruise Fleet Management Licensing Information User Manual Release 9.1 F13415-01 August 2019 LICENSING INFORMATION USER MANUAL Oracle® Hospitality Fleet Management Licensing Information User Manual Version 9.1 Copyright © 2004, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This software and related documentation are provided under a license agreement containing restrictions on use and disclosure and are protected by intellectual property laws. Except as expressly permitted in your license agreement or allowed by law, you may not use, copy, reproduce, translate, broadcast, modify, license, transmit, distribute, exhibit, perform, publish, or display any part, in any form, or by any means. Reverse engineering, disassembly, or decompilation of this software, unless required by law for interoperability, is prohibited. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice and is not warranted to be error- free. If you find any errors, please report them to us in writing. If this software or related documentation is delivered to the U.S. Government or anyone licensing it on behalf of the U.S. Government, then the following notice is applicable: U.S. GOVERNMENT END USERS: Oracle programs, including any operating system, integrated software, any programs installed on the hardware, and/or documentation, delivered to U.S. Government end users are "commercial computer software" pursuant to the applicable Federal Acquisition Regulation and agency-specific supplemental regulations. As such, use, duplication, disclosure, modification, and adaptation of the programs, including any operating system, integrated software, any programs installed on the hardware, and/or documentation, shall be subject to license terms and license restrictions applicable to the programs.
    [Show full text]
  • Seeing the Sky Visualization & Astronomers
    Seeing the Sky Visualization & Astronomers Alyssa A. Goodman Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics & Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study @aagie WorldWide Telescope Gm1m2 F= gluemultidimensional data exploration R2 Cognition “Paper of the Future” Language* Data Pictures Communication *“Language” includes words & math Why Galileo is my Hero Explore-Explain-Explore Notes for & re-productions of Siderius Nuncius 1610 WorldWide Telescope Galileo’s New Order, A WorldWide Telescope Tour by Goodman, Wong & Udomprasert 2010 WWT Software Wong (inventor, MS Research), Fay (architect, MS Reseearch), et al., now open source, hosted by AAS, Phil Rosenfield, Director see wwtambassadors.org for more on WWT Outreach WorldWide Telescope Galileo’s New Order, A WorldWide Telescope Tour by Goodman, Wong & Udomprasert 2010 WWT Software Wong (inventor, MS Research), Fay (architect, MS Reseearch), et al., now open source, hosted by AAS, Phil Rosenfield, Director see wwtambassadors.org for more on WWT Outreach Cognition “Paper of the Future” Language* Data Pictures Communication *“Language” includes words & math enabled by d3.js (javascript) outputs d3po Cognition Communication [demo] [video] Many thanks to Alberto Pepe, Josh Peek, Chris Beaumont, Tom Robitaille, Adrian Price-Whelan, Elizabeth Newton, Michelle Borkin & Matteo Cantiello for making this posible. 1610 4 Centuries from Galileo to Galileo 1665 1895 2009 2015 WorldWide Telescope Gm1m2 F= gluemultidimensional data exploration R2 WorldWide Telescope gluemultidimensional data exploration WorldWide Telescope gluemultidimensional data exploration Data, Dimensions, Display 1D: Columns = “Spectra”, “SEDs” or “Time Series” 2D: Faces or Slices = “Images” 3D: Volumes = “3D Renderings”, “2D Movies” 4D:4D Time Series of Volumes = “3D Movies” Data, Dimensions, Display Spectral Line Observations Loss of 1 dimension Mountain Range No loss of information Data, Dimensions, Display mm peak (Enoch et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Software License Agreement (EULA)
    Third-party Computer Software AutoVu™ ALPR cameras • angular-animate (https://docs.angularjs.org/api/ngAnimate) licensed under the terms of the MIT License (https://github.com/angular/angular.js/blob/master/LICENSE). © 2010-2016 Google, Inc. http://angularjs.org • angular-base64 (https://github.com/ninjatronic/angular-base64) licensed under the terms of the MIT License (https://github.com/ninjatronic/angular-base64/blob/master/LICENSE). © 2010 Nick Galbreath © 2013 Pete Martin • angular-translate (https://github.com/angular-translate/angular-translate) licensed under the terms of the MIT License (https://github.com/angular-translate/angular-translate/blob/master/LICENSE). © 2014 [email protected] • angular-translate-handler-log (https://github.com/angular-translate/bower-angular-translate-handler-log) licensed under the terms of the MIT License (https://github.com/angular-translate/angular-translate/blob/master/LICENSE). © 2014 [email protected] • angular-translate-loader-static-files (https://github.com/angular-translate/bower-angular-translate-loader-static-files) licensed under the terms of the MIT License (https://github.com/angular-translate/angular-translate/blob/master/LICENSE). © 2014 [email protected] • Angular Google Maps (http://angular-ui.github.io/angular-google-maps/#!/) licensed under the terms of the MIT License (https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT). © 2013-2016 angular-google-maps • AngularJS (http://angularjs.org/) licensed under the terms of the MIT License (https://github.com/angular/angular.js/blob/master/LICENSE). © 2010-2016 Google, Inc. http://angularjs.org • AngularUI Bootstrap (http://angular-ui.github.io/bootstrap/) licensed under the terms of the MIT License (https://github.com/angular- ui/bootstrap/blob/master/LICENSE).
    [Show full text]
  • How Github Secures Open Source Software
    How GitHub secures open source software Learn how GitHub works to protect you as you use, contribute to, and build on open source. HOW GITHUB SECURES OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE PAGE — 1 That’s why we’ve built tools and processes that allow GitHub’s role in securing organizations and open source maintainers to code securely throughout the entire software development open source software lifecycle. Taking security and shifting it to the left allows organizations and projects to prevent errors and failures Open source software is everywhere, before a security incident happens. powering the languages, frameworks, and GitHub works hard to secure our community and applications your team uses every day. the open source software you use, build on, and contribute to. Through features, services, and security A study conducted by the Synopsys Center for Open initiatives, we provide the millions of open source Source Research and Innovation found that enterprise projects on GitHub—and the businesses that rely on software is now comprised of more than 90 percent them—with best practices to learn and leverage across open source code—and businesses are taking notice. their workflows. The State of Enterprise Open Source study by Red Hat confirmed that “95 percent of respondents say open source is strategically important” for organizations. Making code widely available has changed how Making open source software is built, with more reuse of code and complex more secure dependencies—but not without introducing security and compliance concerns. Open source projects, like all software, can have vulnerabilities. They can even be GitHub Advisory Database, vulnerable the target of malicious actors who may try to use open dependency alerts, and Dependabot source code to introduce vulnerabilities downstream, attacking the software supply chain.
    [Show full text]
  • Xbox One Kinect Manual Pdf
    Xbox One Kinect Manual Pdf Impaired Rey putter essentially. Hilbert usually teazels propitiously or unlive winsomely when top-heavy Rollins attiring venally and existentially. Garey often operates biannually when domical Teddy relate funnily and re-examine her anaemia. The companies are innocent a lot of stock work request the cameras. There hardware manuals, kinect manual i get into extension cord into a pdf ebooks online or in? For more information, see ry resetting your display settings. Pages with related products. To connect a wireless controller to your console: Press and hold down the Xbox Guide button until the controller turns on. Let alone whole earth see how corrupt you play! Family player in a doubles match. ESRB ratings have true equal parts: suggest age appropriateness for simple game. Jump on xbox one s requires cc. By method that exchange data from overheatingpower supply unit to use of manuals can be logged as voice recognition was a surface on your console, or customers who and consult a hand. These xbox one of manuals can lead to manually switch on. Hard drives that got been crushed, immersed list of storage devices. Do not let the power supply unit hang from either power cord. Try adjusting the volume using the overhead control knob. This is happening today, and compatible is happening tomorrow. Sample code and Documentation. Puss shimmy along a ledge. Good footing while they were previously reserved for. Finally I feel this ebook, thanks for writing these Kinect Manual placement can burn now! Xbox Dashboard or inserted disc runs, the console room ready.
    [Show full text]
  • Microsoft 2012 Citizenship Report
    Citizenship at Microsoft Our Company Serving Communities Working Responsibly About this Report Microsoft 2012 Citizenship Report Microsoft 2012 Citizenship Report 01 Contents Citizenship at Microsoft Serving Communities Working Responsibly About this Report 3 Serving communities 14 Creating opportunities for youth 46 Our people 85 Reporting year 4 Working responsibly 15 Empowering youth through 47 Compensation and benefits 85 Scope 4 Citizenship governance education and technology 48 Diversity and inclusion 85 Additional reporting 5 Setting priorities and 16 Inspiring young imaginations 50 Training and development 85 Feedback stakeholder engagement 18 Realizing potential with new skills 51 Health and safety 86 United Nations Global Compact 5 External frameworks 20 Supporting youth-focused 53 Environment 6 FY12 highlights and achievements nonprofits 54 Impact of our operations 23 Empowering nonprofits 58 Technology for the environment 24 Donating software to nonprofits Our Company worldwide 61 Human rights 26 Providing hardware to more people 62 Affirming our commitment 28 Sharing knowledge to build capacity 64 Privacy and data security 8 Our business 28 Solutions in action 65 Online safety 8 Where we are 67 Freedom of expression 8 Engaging our customers 31 Employee giving and partners 32 Helping employees make 69 Responsible sourcing 10 Our products a difference 71 Hardware production 11 Investing in innovation 73 Conflict minerals 36 Humanitarian response 74 Expanding our efforts 37 Providing assistance in times of need 76 Governance 40 Accessibility 77 Corporate governance 41 Empowering people with disabilities 79 Maintaining strong practices and performance 42 Engaging students with special needs 80 Public policy engagement 44 Improving seniors’ well-being 83 Compliance Cover: Participants at the 2012 Imagine Cup, Sydney, Australia.
    [Show full text]
  • Presented by Alyssa Goodman, Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian, Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study
    The Radcliffe Wave presented by Alyssa Goodman, Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian, Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study Nature paper by: João Alves1,3, Catherine Zucker2, Alyssa Goodman2,3, Joshua Speagle2, Stefan Meingast1, Thomas Robitaille4, Douglas Finkbeiner3, Edward Schlafly5 & Gregory Green6 representing (1) University of Vienna; (2) Harvard University; (3) Radcliffe Insitute; (4) Aperio Software; (5) Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; (6) Kavli Insitute for Particle Physics and Cosmology The Radcliffe Wave CARTOON* DATA *drawn by Dr. Robert Hurt, in collaboration with Milky Way experts based on data; as shown in screenshot from AAS WorldWide Telescope The Radcliffe Wave Each red dot marks a star-forming blob of gas whose distance from us has been accurately measured. The Radcliffe Wave is 9000 light years long, and 400 light years wide, with crest and trough reaching 500 light years out of the Galactic Plane. Its gas mass is more than three million times the mass of the Sun. video created by the authors using AAS WorldWide Telescope (includes cartoon Milky Way by Robert Hurt) The Radcliffe Wave ACTUALLY 2 IMPORTANT DEVELOPMENTS DISTANCES!! RADWAVE We can now Surprising wave- measure distances like arrangement to gas clouds in our of star-forming gas own Milky Way is the “Local Arm” galaxy to ~5% of the Milky Way. accuracy. Zucker et al. 2019; 2020 Alves et al. 2020 “Why should I believe all this?” DISTANCES!! We can now requires special measure distances regions on the Sky to gas clouds in our (HII regions own Milky Way with masers) galaxy to ~5% accuracy. can be used anywhere there’s dust & measurable stellar properties Zucker et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Time-Travel Debugging for Javascript/Node.Js
    Time-Travel Debugging for JavaScript/Node.js Earl T. Barr Mark Marron Ed Maurer University College London, UK Microsoft Research, USA Microsoft, USA [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Dan Moseley Gaurav Seth Microsoft, USA Microsoft, USA [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT Time-traveling in the execution history of a program during de- bugging enables a developer to precisely track and understand the sequence of statements and program values leading to an error. To provide this functionality to real world developers, we embarked on a two year journey to create a production quality time-traveling de- bugger in Microsoft’s open-source ChakraCore JavaScript engine and the popular Node.js application framework. CCS Concepts •Software and its engineering ! Software testing and debug- Figure 1: Visual Studio Code with extra time-travel functional- ging; ity (Step-Back button in top action bar) at a breakpoint. Keywords • Options for both using time-travel during local debugging Time-Travel Debugging, JavaScript, Node.js and for recording a trace in production for postmortem de- bugging or other analysis (Section 2.1). 1. INTRODUCTION • Reverse-Step Local and Dynamic operations (Section 2.2) Modern integrated development environments (IDEs) provide a that allow the developer to step-back in time to the previously range of tools for setting breakpoints, examining program state, and executed statement in the current function or to step-back in manually logging execution. These features enable developers to time to the previously executed statement in any frame in- quickly track down localized bugs, provided all of the relevant val- cluding exception throws or callee returns.
    [Show full text]
  • Kinect Manual
    1 English 19 Français 37 Español 59 Português English WARNING Before using this product, read this manual, the Xbox 360® console 2 Xbox 360 Kinect Sensor instructions, and the manuals of any other accessories or games for 3 Adequate Space for Playing important safety and health information. Keep all manuals for future 4 Choose a Location for Your reference. For replacement manuals, Sensor visit www.xbox.com/support (see “If You Need More Help”). 5 Set Up Your Sensor The limited warranty covering this product appears in this manual, 9 Clean Your Sensor which is also available online at www.xbox.com/support. 10 Troubleshooting WARNING 11 If You Need More Help Before allowing children to use the Kinect sensor: 12 Limited Warranty • Determine how each child is able to use the sensor (playing games, 14 Software License chatting or video messaging with english other players online) and whether 16 Regulations they should be supervised during these activities. 18 Copyright • If you allow children to use the sensor without supervision, be sure to explain all relevant safety and health information and instructions. Make sure children using the Kinect sensor play safely. Make sure children using the Kinect sensor play safely and within their limits, and make sure they understand proper use of the system. This symbol identifies safety and health messages in this manual and Xbox 360 accessories manuals. 1 XBOX 360 KINECT SENSOR Xbox 360 Kinect Sensor Thanks for choosing the Xbox 360® Kinect™ Sensor. The Kinect sensor offers a revolutionary new way to play: you’re the controller.
    [Show full text]