Table of Contents Background ...... 3 Problem Definition ...... 3 Overview ...... 4 Relevant Concepts and Definitions ...... 5 Software Requirements Specification ...... 9 User Interface Specifications ...... 11 Design Document ...... 12 Implementation ...... 15 Conclusion and Futurework ...... 26 Appendix ...... 27 Bibliography/References ...... 27

Disclaimer: The views, processes, or methodologies published in this article are those of the authors. They do not necessarily reflect EMC Corporation’s views, processes, or methodologies.

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Background In an educational institution, the teacher needs to notify the students of upcoming events such as schedules of tests, classes, cancellation, holidays etc. Currently, email is the most preferred way of officially communicating to the students. However, considering that most students carry a cell phone with them all the time, it is much more useful to have a Mobile Notification System which can send the required information to the students at the right time. This creates a need for storing data in a database which can flexibly handle data scalability.

The student database must be stored on a server. Now, web applications using a conventional client-server architecture often fail at handling data scalability, especially in current times when data is being generated at an exponential rate. Moreover, the accumulation of data on local server hardware costs a lot to an organization. The solution to such issues relating to the data to be stored online for the use of web applications is - the cloud. The cloud can manage data and can even scale well. A database stored on the cloud may be accessed from anywhere via the Internet. There is no need to buy the hardware for servers; instead an organization can just use the various cloud services to satisfy its requirements at a much lower cost. This background inspires the need of storing the data for our project on the cloud. The cloud chosen is Google Docs. The data is retrieved using the Google Spreadsheets API. It is completely free and apt for testing purposes.

Android is a popular Linux-based operating system for mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers. Android has a large community of developers writing applications that extend the functionality of the devices. Developers write primarily in a customized version of Java. Developers can also run Python scripts on the scripting layer for Android. The cloud serves as the seat of the database and students may be notified using SMS sent through the various SMS gateways. An Android client allows the students to retrieve the required information from various spreadsheets on the cloud.

Problem Definition The idea is to build a cloud-based application using Google Docs as the cloud. There are programming interfaces available which allow us to insert, read, update, and delete documents such as spreadsheets, presentations, etc. The student database for retrieving the information (e.g. timetable, exam details, scores, etc.) is stored as Google Spreadsheets. The Google Spreadsheets API allows client applications to view and update Google Spreadsheets content. The project is also comprised of an Android mobile interface through which the client (Admin) can retrieve all the information about the desired student from the Google cloud and can also update their information on the cloud. Students can obtain their personal information from the Google Spreadsheets. The scripting languages used are Python (for Android) and PHP (for the web interface).

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Overview The cloud used for the project is Google Docs. PHP has been used here to communicate with the Google Docs cloud through the Zend-gdata library. The student database has been created as a set of Google Spreadsheets. The Google Spreadsheets API allows client applications to view, delete, and update information on the spreadsheets. Our client application can request a list of a user’s spreadsheets, edit content in an existing worksheet, and query the content in an existing worksheet, all via HTTP requests. A number of client libraries are available in various languages. These client libraries make it easier to use the Google Spreadsheets API. The library used by our project is implemented by a set of PHP scripts. The Google Spreadsheets API stores and retrieves information in the form of XML feeds. In order to parse the generated XML feeds while querying the Google Spreadsheets, we are using the Zend-gdata library for PHP. It contains functions to parse the XML feeds. Once the information is obtained, an appropriate message is generated by a PHP script and a SMS is sent by appending the required text to the appropriate student’s cell phone. The SMS is sent by AlfaSMS API via the Way2SMS gateway. In a real-time environment, we can use SMS credits.

Students can retrieve their personal information such as attendance, marks etc. from the Google Spreadsheets using scripts on the Android client. The client uses the Gspread (Python) spreadsheet library to communicate directly with the Google Docs Cloud. The required login ID and password will be provided to the students by the administrator to get all the desired information from the cloud. These scripts retrieve the information every time the student logs in.

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Fig 1: Deployment Diagram for the Notification System

Relevant Concepts and Definitions PHP PHP is a general-purpose server-side scripting language originally designed for web development to produce dynamic web pages. It is one of the first developed server-side scripting languages to be embedded into a HTML source document, rather than calling an external file to process data.

Google Docs Google Docs is a free, web-based word processor, spreadsheet, presentation, form, and data storage service offered by Google. It allows users to create and edit documents online while collaborating in real-time with other users.

Android Android is an operating system developed by Google to run on mobile devices. Based on Linux, each version is named after a type of sweet food (for example, the current version as of this document’s creation is ’Ice-cream Sandwich’.)

PYTHON (Android-scripting) Python is a programming language based on Linux environment. It is an object-oriented interpreted language widely used for scripting, application development, web application servers, scientific computing, and more.

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ALFASMS API AlfaSMS API is a free SMS API for sending SMS via free SMS gateways such as Way2SMS, fullonSMS, 160by2, SMS440, wayforSMS, site2SMS, etc. This script allows developers to send SMS from their scripts. PHP is mostly used by the developers to build their web applications, so we created a Special SMS class for PHP developers. AlfaSMS API is the most simple and free Way2SMS API available in internet. It is an open-source API developed by Alfred Francis.

ZEND GDATA LIBRARY Zend Framework (ZF) is an open source, object-oriented web application framework implemented in PHP 5 and licensed under the New BSD License. Zend Framework applications can run on any PHP stack that fulfils the technical requirements. Zend Technologies provides a PHP stack—Zend Server (or Zend Server Community Edition)—which is advertised to be optimized for running Zend Framework applications. Zend Server includes Zend Framework in its installers, along with PHP and all required extensions. The Zend-gdata packages contain everything we need to access Google's Data APIs from our PHP 5 application.

ECLIPSE IDE Eclipse is a multi-language software development environment comprising an integrated development environment (IDE) and an extensible plug-in system. It is written mostly in Java. It can be used to develop applications in Java and, by means of various plug-ins, other programming languages including Ada, C, C++, COBOL, Perl, PHP, Python, R, Ruby, etc.

ANDROID OS Android is a software stack for mobile devices that includes an operating system, middleware, and key applications. The Android SDK provides the tools and APIs necessary to begin developing applications on the Android platform using the Java programming language. Android is available with a set of core applications including an email client, SMS program, calendar, maps, browser, contacts, and others. All applications are written using the Java programming language.

ANDROID API 1.6 Android 1.6 is a minor platform release deployable for Android-powered handsets since October 2009. The platform includes new features for users and developers, as well as changes in the Android framework API.

ANDROID EMULATOR The Android SDK includes a mobile device emulator, a virtual mobile device that runs on our computer. The emulator lets us develop and test Android applications without using a physical device.

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For our project we have used Android Emulator (see Figure 2) with API level 1.6 an API level 2.3.3.

Figure 2: Android Emulator

SL4A (Scripting Language for Android) Scripting Language for Android (SL4A) provides interactive interpreters, script editing, and script execution for various scripting languages. SL4A is targeted at those looking for a way to write simple scripts to automate tasks on an Android device using any of the supported languages, including Java through Beanshell. It provides an interactive console in which we can type in a line of code and immediately see the result. It even makes it possible, in many cases, to reuse code you have written for a desktop environment.

SL4A Architecture At its lowest level, SL4A is essentially a scripting host, which means that as an application it hosts different interpreters each of which processes a specific language. If you were to browse the SL4A source code repository, you would see a copy of the source tree of each language. This gets cross-compiled for the ARM architecture using the Android Native Development Kit (NDK) and loads as a library when SL4A launches a specific interpreter. At that point, the script will be interpreted line-by-line.

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One of the things that SL4A brings to the table is lots of language choices such as Beanshell, Lua, JRuby Perl, PHP, Python, and Rhino (versions given in the following sections). You can also write or reuse shell scripts if you like. Without question, the most popular of all these languages is Python.

Figure 3: SL4A Architecture

Python Python has been around for quite a while and has many open source projects written in the language. It also has seen the most interest as far as SL4A is concerned.

The Gspread library for Python is used here to communicate with Google Spreadsheets.

SQLite SQLite is a software library that implements a self-contained, server-less, zero-configuration, transactional SQL database engine. SQLite is the most widely deployed SQL database engine in the world. The source code for SQLite is in the public domain.

SQLite is available on every Android device. Using a SQLite database in Android does not require any database setup or administration.

We only have to define the SQL statements for creating and updating the database. Afterwards, the database is automatically managed for us by the Android platform. In Python, SQLite is a small C library that implements a self-contained SQL database engine. It has been used to create a login manager for students by the admin on the Android client. Using this library, the student can change his password and the admin can register new students and change student passwords.

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Software Requirements Specification Scope of the Application The notification system provides access to the Google Spreadsheets via a web interface and an Android client. The lecturer can update student information on the “List” database which contains information about all the students via the web interface as well as the Android client. The students can access their attendance and other personal information using the Android client.

Overall Description The PHP scripts used to access Google Spreadsheets use the Zend-gdata library as it provides the required classes to perform connections with the cloud. The Python scripts on the Android client use the Gspread library to interact with Google Spreadsheets. For sending SMS to the students, the AlfaSMS API is used. The numbers of the students are extracted from the Google Spreadsheets according to the PHP scripts run by the lecturers.

There are separate PHP scripts for updating different spreadsheets. The admin home page provides links to the PHP scripts for retrieving the required numbers from the spreadsheets. The lecturer updates information such as the details of the test being conducted including the student's USN, room number allotted, and time. These details are retrieved from the scheduler spreadsheet and compiled to a message which is sent to the student.

The PHP scripts are created using a text editor. They are run on XAMPP, which is a package running the Apache web server. The SMS objects are created using the AlfaSMS API from within the PHP scripts. The SMS is sent using the Way2SMS gateway. HTML5 and CSS are used to create the web interface for lecturers and admin to update the spreadsheets. The Android client uses the SL4A APK. Python for Android is installed on it which contains the scripts which can be run from within the Python interpreter. The script uses the Gspread module written in Python to authenticate to Google spreadsheets and retrieve the required information. The Android client is on an emulator started by the ADT plugin on eclipse IDE. A new Android Virtual Device has to be created for each Android API level. We have tested the scripts on Android 1.6 and 2.3.3.

Requirements Specification

Functional Requirements  Classification of student-related data in the appropriate spreadsheets  Sending SMS to the students about timetable, score, and test schedule  Notification to the students on new data added to the spreadsheets  Sending a meeting notification to the students by a proctor  Accessing the attendance and other information from the Android client by students  Updating spreadsheets from the Android client by the admin  Emergency notification to be sent to the students in critical situations

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Use Case: Student Interaction

Figure 4: Student Interaction

A student can login to the Google Spreadsheets using the Python script on Android. He has to enter its USN and a password given to student by the administrator. On successful login, he/she can retrieve his/her information from the spreadsheets.

Use Case: Admin Interaction

Figure 5: Admin Interaction

The admin can generate passwords for the lecturers and the students for the web interface and the Android client respectively. The administrator can also add student records using the Android client by authenticating the Google Spreadsheets.

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Use Case: Lecturer Interaction

Figure 6: Lecturer Interaction

The lecturer can update student attendance, marks, and exam schedule using the scheduler, score, and scheduler spreadsheets on the Google cloud. Timetable information can also be sent to the students.

User Interface Specifications Students can use the Android scripting environment, interacting by using command line inputs. The web interface is deployed using HTML5 and CSS3 using PHP 5.3. The lecturers can access the system from their computers. The admin can access the system from the computer and the Android client. The client runs Python for Android and the Android-scripting environment to communicate with the spreadsheets. The SMS is sent using web forms created in PHP.

Non-Functional Requirements

The following are the non-functional requirements for the system:  Internet: There must be a reliable internet connection between the web interface/Android client and the Google Spreadsheets for accessing data in the latter.  Software required: The software required for this system include Eclipse Indigo IDE, ADT plugin for Android development, XAMPP server package, Zend-gdata library, AlfaSMS API, Gspread Python library, Android SDK r14, and Android API level 1.6 \& 2.3.3.  Hardware: Intel-based PC with dual core Intel processor. Enough space must be provided for the Android Virtual devices created on Eclipse for the 2.0 Android API levels.  Operating System: Windows XP SP2 or later has been used for this project.

System Evolution The current system can be improved by adding advanced and appealing user interfaces for the Android client. The current implementation uses the scripting environment for displaying the information retrieved.

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The production environment uses free SMS gateway for sending SMS. When the system will be deployed on a live site, it would be necessary to buy SMS credits from a bulk SMS provider since the free SMS gateways provide limited SMS.

Design Document Document Overview This chapter details the overall design insight into the notification system. The design provides a framework for retrieving information from a cloud database and using it to notify individuals about the required information. The design is predicated on individual thoughts and an analysis of the area of application.

System-Wide Design Decisions There are key decisions which drive the overall design of the notification system. The first set of decisions describes the choice of the cloud for deploying the database and the scripting language chosen for interacting with the database.

Other decisions describe implementation strategies for the Android application. The application is meant to allow students to log in with their credentials to retrieve their attendance and other personal information from the cloud database using their Android phones. It also allows admins to add student information records to the database.

1. Selection of the cloud

Google Docs is a freely available cloud based SaaS. It provides database services as spreadsheets for free. Since all the other cloud databases are paid, we chose Google Docs as our personal cloud database which is flexible and scalable.

2. Choice of Library to access

Zend framework for PHP provides the Gdata library to query the Google Spreadsheets to retrieve information. PHP was chosen as the scripting language as it blends with HTML and is a standard for creating web applications. 3. Choice of Web Server

XAMPP package contains the Apache web server and PHP 5.3 which are used for running the PHP scripts. It is freely available and is extensively used for development purposes.

4. Selection of Mobile Platform

Android is chosen for the mobile platform. Python for Android is used for writing the scripts required to query the Google Spreadsheet from the Android Phone. Gspread library for Python provides the functionality to interact with Google Spreadsheet from Python.

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Interaction Diagrams

Figure 7: Student Interaction

 In all the PHP and Python scripts, connection with the Gmail user “gnotifysms” is established to first gain access to the Google Spreadsheets stored under its name  The student log in to the Android client using the USN and password  The credentials are verified against the list stored in the script  On successful login, the users attendance is retrieved using the USN as the key from the attendance spreadsheet  The students personal information including name, number, subjects, and class is retrieved from the list database  It is then displayed on the Android client using the script

Interaction: Admin

Figure 8: Admin Interaction

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 The administrator logs in to the Android client  The admin adds details of the new student separately and updates it to the Google Spreadsheet `”List”

Figure 9 represents the workflow where the Admin uses the web interface to interact with the system.

Figure 9: Admin Interaction using the web interface

Sequence of Events Leading to SMS Delivery to Student

Figure 10: Sequence diagram for SMS delivery

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Figure 11: Sequence Diagram for Android Client

Implementation Overview “Cloud-based notification system'' uses Google cloud (Docs) as the database to store the data. A project-specific Gmail account has been used to access the Google Docs and all the spreadsheets declared as ‘shared’. The notification system has two implementation portions; PHP scripts running on XAMPP and the Python scripts running on Android 2.2 emulator. In addition, the PHP scripts use Way2SMS gateway to notify students via SMS and for the Python scripts, results are obtained in the emulator-supported console. The same Android application can be installed on any Android phone (with required tools) and the results can be obtained on them.

PHP Scripts The system (web interface) is an admin page comprised of various links which will direct the admin to specific PHP scripts. The HTML pages have been used as the UI (User Interface) and the PHP scripts perform jobs in the background.

Schedule script This script has been used to retrieve the test schedules updated in the spreadsheet. The spreadsheet “Scheduler” contains test room number, test timing, and student USN's. The PHP script retrieves the USN's and matches them with the spreadsheet “List” to obtain the corresponding contact information. The relevant test information are sent on those contacts using Way2SMS gateway.

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Figure 12: Schedule.php

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Timetable Script The script works on spreadsheet “Timetable” and retrieves the relevant information for a particular day for different classes and sends the day’s timetable to the corresponding students. The script compares the current day with that on the spreadsheet and executes the operation required. The script uses another spreadsheet “Groups” to determine the students falling in each class and thus obtains their contact information. Once the timetable schedule is obtained, the script notifies the students via SMS using Way2SMS gateway.

Figure 13: Timetable.php

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Addrows Script This is an admin-specific script to update the spreadsheet “List”. A link in the admin page is given to run this script. The script provides a UI and when the information is entered, it will update the spreadsheet using the “Zend-gdata Library” which is used to link with the Google Docs. The script contains code snippets to log in to the account and only update the “LIST” spreadsheet.

Figure 14: Addrows.php

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Score Script This script retrieves the score of students from the spreadsheet ``SCORE” for different subjects and, corresponding to the USN's, the contact information is retrieved from the spreadsheet ``LIST" using the search function. Finally, the SMS containing the scores of the student for different subjects are sent to the student using “Way2SMS “gateway.

Figure 15: Score.php

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Attendance Script This admin-specific script updates the “Attendance” spreadsheet. The script is directed from the admin page and once the admin enters the attendance information and submits, the information is updated on Google Docs. However, students that want to check their attendance must log in using the Android app. They then have the authority to view their attendance only.

Usnenquiry Script This admin-specific script retrieves information about any student. A link in the admin page will take the admin to the script and once the admin enters the USN, the USN will be matched with the USN's of spreadsheet “List”. The corresponding results will be sent to the admin.

Proctor Script This admin-specific script, used to notify a specific group or class of students, takes the contact information of all the students of a specific class from the spreadsheet “Groups” and sends them the message entered in the dialog box by the admin. The lecturer can also use this script. All messages are sent by the Way2SMS gateway.

Sendnew Script This is an admin-specific script. Once logged in and the session is verified, the admin is allowed to add a student to the spreadsheet “List”. The script provides a form for the relevant information. However, the admin can go directly on the Google Docs page and update it. Once students are added in the “List” using the form, they will be notified on his contact number via SMS through Way2SMS gateway. The same can be done for sending SMS to the entire class. The POST data from the form for adding student information is processed using this script.

Generate Notification Script This script is used by the lecturers to send a general notification to all the students at once. The numbers are retrieved from the “List” spreadsheet and SMS is sent to each of them.

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Figure 16: Generate notification.php

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Admin Script (PHP) This is the admin homepage which can be accessed by the admin once the session is confirmed. It consists of links to all the PHP scripts described above. Any job the administrator wants to do will require clicking on the links on the page. The admin will then be referred to the respective page or form. Lecturers can use this script as well.

Python Scripts The other half of the project comprises of Android scripts. We have used eclipse indigo with ADT plugin17, Android scripting tools, Android SDK, and Android 2.3.3 emulator. The scripts are written in Python using py4a “Python 4 Android". All the scripts can be run on the Python console and, if transferred to an Android device, can work using an Internet connection. All the Python scripts use Gspread library to connect with the Google Docs.

Admin Script (Python) This is an admin-specific script on the console. Once the credentials are verified, the admin can add information about a student on Google Docs. The script runs in an emulator-supported terminal and the inputs are given as per for any programming language.

Register Script A script run by the admin to register new students to the SQLite database on the Android client. The admin can also update passwords for student as requested by them.

Attendance Script These scripts are for retrieval of information from “List” and “Attendance” by the students. All students will be given their specific username and passwords. Once the credentials are confirmed, the students can retrieve their information from Google Docs. They can also change their password.

Steps to Setup the Android Client Steps required to implement the Android-scripting environment on Android emulator:

1. Download and install Eclipse Indigo IDE 2. Download and set up the ADT plugin for eclipse 3. Download and install the Android API level 1.6 \& 2.3.3 4. Create a new Android Virtual Device by choosing an API level 5. Start the AVD after adding parameters (sdcard size etc.) 6. Download and install SL4Ar3.apk & PythonForAndroid.apk into the AVD from using the AVD browser 7. Download Python interpreter on SL4A 8. Connect to the AVD from the command line by setting the port no using AP PORT = 9999 9. Push the Python script and the Gspread module to /sdcard/sl4a/scripts folder on the emulator using the "adb push" command 10. Run the scripts on the Python interpreter

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Testing the Application Below is a summary of the results of tests performed on the various entities of the “Cloud-based Mobile Notification System".

Test Summary Tests conducted on the web interface and the Android client of the Notification system include:

Functionality Testing Functionality testing involved validating the form data entered in to the web interface and the database connection for the same.

The interface was tested with invalid inputs such as invalid USNs and phone numbers. Appropriate error messages were obtained.

Usability Testing Usability testing involved testing the navigation links on the web interface. The content was tested for validity and degree of user-friendliness.

The web interface provides links which are self-explanatory and easy-to-navigate. The links on all pages were tested individually for correct redirection.

Security Testing Security testing involved accessing the scripts using URLs. It failed, proving that the system is secure and requires genuine authentication.

The PHP scripts in the web interface were accessed using direct URLs. Each such attempt resulted in redirection to the Log In page.

Compatibility Testing Compatibility testing involved testing the scripts on the Chrome browser, Firefox browser, and the Android client browser.

The PHP scripts were run on each of the browsers. They responded positively during each run proving the browser-compatibility of the system.

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Snapshots

Figure 17: List spreadsheet

The "List" spreadsheet (Figure 17) stores information about all students.

Figure 18: Timetable spreadsheet

The "Timetable" spreadsheet (Figure 18) stores the entire timetable of each day.

Figure 19: The Android client

Figure 19 shows the list of Python scripts on the Android client’s SL4A app.

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Figure 20: Retrieving Student information

Figure 20 shows the result obtained by executing the Attendance.py script in Python on the Android client.

Figure 21: Meeting Notifier interface

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Conclusion and Futurework The project can be extremely useful for an organization to notify its members of upcoming events or changes to a common database. Use of SMS provides quick message delivery to the intended recipients. Conclusions drawn by implementing this project include:

1. PHP scripts provide an easy way to access the spreadsheets on Google cloud 2. The simple web interface makes the system user-friendly to the lecturers 3. SMS is sent based on the overheads at the gateways, though it is a simple method of message delivery 4. Zend-gdata library provides a wrapper for calling the functions required to invoke Google Spreadsheet objects 5. Interaction with XML using freely available libraries makes it ideal for development using the Google cloud (Spreadsheets) 6. The Android client provides mobile access to the spreadsheets, keeping students informed on-the-go about their details 7. The system is a complete notification/update system and can be easily deployed for live use with minimal configuration

Advantages 1. Online-based systems excel in scalability. They can be instantaneously expanded as the user base grows 2. Students and lecturers can access their marks, attendance, and personal information from anywhere at anytime 3. Students can view their personal details 4. Lecturers can update student marks, attendance, etc. from their systems 5. Lecturers can send notifications regarding holidays and details related to the exam timetable through SMS 6. Since all the data is uploaded to the cloud, the threat of data loss is significantly reduced

Disadvantages 1. SL4A app only runs on Gingerbread and previous platform version 2. Time overhead occurs when a bulk SMS is sent to all students 3. Some messages do not get delivered to students due to gateway latency

Futurework Since the scripts for Android have been written in Python, the display could not be very user- friendly. Therefore, improvements could be done on the User Interface. In addition to Gspread library used for Python, other libraries to connect the Android client to Google Docs can be used such as “GSS Android-package”. Java-based new features can also be added to enhance the areas that can be covered. Apart from Google cloud, other paid platforms can be used for a live deployment.

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Appendix SMS Gateway A Short Message Service (SMS) gateway is a telecommunications network facility for sending or receiving SMS transmissions to or from a telecommunications network that supports SMS. Most messages are eventually routed into the mobile phone networks. Many SMS gateways support media conversion from email and other formats.

Gateway providers have special agreements with the major mobile carriers around the world to send two-way SMS traffic. These gateway providers, also known as aggregators, will send and receive SMS traffic to and from the mobile phone network’s SMS Center, which is responsible for relaying those messages to the intended mobile phone. The aggregators then receive feedback from the SMS Center as to the status of the delivery of that message. This relationship between aggregator and SMS Center allows for the transmission of a large number of SMS messages.

Figure 22: SMS gateway at work

Bibliography/References  http://smartphonedaq.com/spreadsheet.page  http://framework.zend.com/manual/en/zend.gdata.spreadsheets.html  https://developers.google.com/google-apps/spreadsheets/  http://framework.zend.com/download/webservices  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rWCLROPKug0  http://code.google.com/p/gdata-Python-client/  http://mrwoof.tumblr.com/post/1004514567  http://mashupguide.net/1.0/html/ch17s08.xhtml  http://www.payne.org/index.PHP/Reading\_ Google\_ Spreadsheets\_in\_Python  http://cambiatablog.wordpress.com/2011/02/05/PHP-interacting-with-\\google-spreadsheet- using-zend-gdata/  http://www.farinspace.com/saving-form-data-to-google-spreadsheets/  http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/xml/library/x-googledata1/index.html?ca=drs  http://developer.android.com/sdk/eclipse-adt.html  http://developer.android.com/sdk/android-2.3.3.html

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 http://code.google.com/p/android-scripting/  http://www.techrepublic.com/blog/programming-and-development/ try-the-sl4a-scripting- environment-for-your-android-device/3932  http://www.linuxplanet.com/linuxplanet/tutorials/7166/1  http://code.google.com/p/Python-for-android/  http://www.linuxjournal.com/article/10940  http://www.alfredfrancis.in/alfasmsapi

The AlfaSMS API, developed by Alfred Francis, is open source. It has been used here to serve the purpose of the application of sending SMS via SMS gateway. We do not claim ownership of the API. It belongs to Alfred Francis.

The Gspread Library, developed by Anton Burnashev, is open source. It has been used here to retrieve information from the spreadsheets onto the Android device. We do not claim ownership of the API. It belongs to Anton Burnashev.

EMC believes the information in this publication is accurate as of its publication date. The information is subject to change without notice.

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