An Asian Journal of Soil Science Volume 10 | Issue 1 | June, 2015 | 34-41 |  e ISSN–0976–7231 Visit us : www.researchjournal.co.in

Research Article DOI : 10.15740/HAS/AJSS/10.1/34-41 Distribution of forms of potassium in soils of central and eastern region of

SHILPA BABAR, P.K. RATHOD, V.G. SALVI AND V.P. BADOLE

Received : 20.08.2014; Revised : 09.04.2015 ; Accepted : 18.04.2015 MEMBERS OF RESEARCH FORUM: Summary Corresponding author : Soil samples from fourteen profiles from five districts of Central and Western Vidarbha region P.K. RATHOD, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, of Maharashtra were studied for the distribution of different forms of potassium and for their College of Agricuture, DHULE (M.S.) relationship with some soil properties. The soils of Wardha, , and Bhandara districts were slightly calcarious neutral to alkaline in reaction and the soils of district was non-calcarious and sightly acidic in reaction. The Central Vidarbha soils were clay in texture having high in organic carbon content. Whereas the soils of Eastern Vidarbha were clay loam, sandy clay loam and low in organic carbon content. No definite trend was observed in the forms of potassium except exchangeable and available K, they were decreased with increase in depth. The available K and exchangeable K increased with the increase in organic carbon (r = 0.4680**, r = 0.4526**). The availability of exchangeable K increased with increase in clay content (r = 0.2888**). The non-exchangeable K was also increased with clay content (r = 0.7141**) and EC (r = 0.6444**) in Eastern Vidarbha region. The availability of total K and lattice K increased with increase in organic carbon (r = 0.4303**, r = 0.4785*) and clay content (r= 0.5189*, r = 0.4631*) in Eastern Vidarbha region of Maharashtra. Key words : Distribution pattern, Forms of soil K, Soil depth, Relationship with soil properties! Co-authors : SHILPA BABAR, V.G. SAL VI AND V.P. How to cite this article : Babar, Shilpa, Rathod, P.K., Salvi, V.G. and Badole, V.P. (2015). Distribution BADOLE, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, College of Agricuture, DHULE (M.S.) of forms of potassium in soils of central and eastern Vidarbha region of Maharashtra. Asian J. Soil Sci., INDIA 10(1) : 34-41.

Introduction (Chopra and Kanwar, 1976 and Hesse, 1971). The various forms of potassium in soils exist in equilibrium A knowledge of different forms of potassium in soils with forms of one another and depletion of one form is together with their distribution in the zone of root replenished by other forms (Chandel et al., 1976). The penetration is of much relevance in assessing the long- present study was, therefore, undertaken to findout the term availability of the nutrients to crops and in distribution of different forms of potassium and their formulating sound fertilizer recommendations. The relations with important soil parameters. pattern of the potassium distribution in soil profile is dependent upon the homogeneity of parent material with regard to type and abundance of potassium, bearing Resource and Research Methods minerals and the relations like fixation and release The fourteen soil profiles were collected from

HIND AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND TRAINING INSTITUTE SHILPA BABAR, P.K. RATHOD, V.G. SALVI AND V.P. BADOLE central and eastern vidarbha region. Eight profile samples heavy rainfall area 6.43 to 6.68 pH and EC 0.26 to 0.43 were collected from Nagpur, two from Wardha, two from dSm-1. The result on pH and EC of the soil did not show Chandrapur, one each from Bhandara and Gondia district any specific trend with increase in depth of soil. On the as per the procedure laid down by Piper (1996). The soil basis of the range of pH and EC, it indicates that, the samples were analysed for their particle size distribution soils were in good condition for crop growth. The results by international pipette method, calcium carbonate and of free lime content on soil showed that, the soil profiles exchangeable K by standard method of Piper (1996). of Nagpur, Wardha and Bhandara districts fell under the pH, EC (1:2.5) and organic carbon by the procedure of slightly calcareous range soils of Tharsa. The free lime Jackson (1967). Non-exchangeable K by Wood and De content of surface soil ranged from 0.25 to 9.21 per cent. Turk (1940), water soluble K determined by Dhawan et The calcium carbonate content increased with increase al. (1968) and lattice K by Ranganathan and in depth. A similar finding was reported by Virmani et Satyanarayana (1980). Stastical analysis involved simple al. (1982). The most important property of soil for correlations between forms of potassium and soil controlling the physico-chemical properties and nutrient properties as per the procedure of Panse and Sukhatme availability is the organic carbon content of the soil. The (1978). organic carbon varied from profile to profile and depth to depth of sample. In general it ranged from 0.23 to Research Findings and Discussion 0.91 per cent and in surface soil it ranged from 0.42 to 0.91 per cent. It indicated low to high content of organic The results obtained from the present investigation carbon. The availability of organic carbon content as well as relevant discussion have been summarized decreased with increase in depth of soil sampling in all under following heads : the profiles. Similar results were reported by Mandal et al. (1982) and Subbiah and Asija (1956). Physico-chemical properties of soil: The soil characteristics estimated in the present Forms of soil potassium : study are given in Table 1. The data showed that all the The total K content in profiles of Central Vidarbha soils of Nagpur and Chandrapur districts are classified soils ranged from 2333.3 to 9000 mg kg-1 (Table 2). The under clay textural class. While the soils of Bhandara, maximum content of total K was in surface and Gondia and Wardha districts are classified under clay subsurface soil in Katol soil and minimum in Phutala soil loam, sandy loam, clay and sandy clay loam textural of Nagpur district. In Eastern Vidarbha total potassium class, respectively as per the USDA system. In the soils in profile ranged from 4500 to 8250 mg kg-1 and in of Bhandara and Gondia districts the percentage of clay surface soil it ranged from 7250 to 8250 mg kg-1. This increased with depth. This is might be due to loss of value of total potassium was slightly higher than the range colloidal clay fraction from surface horizon due to heavy 1900 to 5500 mg kg-1 reported by Deshmukh et al. rainfall in this region. However, in Wardha districts soil (1991) of Vidarbha soil. Definite trend of distribution of the percentage of clay decreased with increase in depth total K was not observed in profiles possibly because of of the soil. The per cent contribution of the soil separates active peudoterbation process operating in pedons ranged from 14.23 to 52.25 per cent, silt ranged from (Raskar and Pharande,1997). The mineral potassium is 11.80 to 31.03 per cent and clay ranged from 30.64 to bound within the crystal structure of soil mineral particles 59.48 per cent. The highest per cent of sand, silt and but it holds between adjacent tetradedral layer of micas, clay were recorded in Selsura, Ekarjuna and College of Vermiculites and integrate clay minerals (Sparks, 1987). Agriculture farm, Nagpur, respectively. While the lowest The contents of lattice K in soil profile ranged from percentage of sand, silt and clay were recorded in 1783.52 to 8181.90 mg kg-1 and in surface soil it ranged Ekarjuna, Sakoli and Selsura soil, respectively. There was from 2121.93 to 7478.5 mg kg-1. The maximum content no specific variation on the percentage of sand, silt and of lattice K was observed in Katol soil and minimum in clay due to increase in depth of the soil profile. Botanical garden, Phutala soil. This is might be due to The soils of Wardha, Nagpur, Chndrapur and conversion of lattice K into exchangeable K because of Bhandara districts were neutral to alkaline in reactions its leaching in slopy soil. The contribution of lattice K pH 7.10 to 8.15 and EC 0.13 to 0.15 dSm-1 while soils of towards total potassium was 86.76 per cent in general Gondia districts were slightly acidic being it follows in

HIND AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND TRAINING INSTITUTE 35 Asian J. Soil Sci., (June, 2015) 10 (1) : 34-41 DISTRIBUTION OF FORMS OF POTASSIUM IN SOILS OF CENTRAL & EASTERN VIDARBHA REGION

Table 1 : Physico-chemical properties of the soils Textural pH EC (dSm-1) Organic Depth (cm) Sand (%) Silt (%) Clay (%) CaCO (%) class 1:25 Soil water suspension 3 carbon (%) Regional Fruit Research Station Farm, Katol Dist. Nagpur 0-20 27.00 27.80 45.20 Clay 7.90 0.39 6.25 0.76 20-50 24.55 28.70 46.75 Clay 8.10 0.25 6.85 0.68 50-80 19.90 30.40 49.70 Clay 8.15 0.27 7.90 0.60 80 and above 18.50 29.30 52.20 Clay 8.03 0.25 11.20 0.49 Department of Botany Farm, Nagpur 0-20 18.90 23.05 58.05 Clay 7.85 0.21 4.60 0.49 20-50 20.73 24.03 55.24 Clay 7.80 0.20 4.83 0.24 50-80 18.50 25.30 56.20 Clay 8.00 0.20 5.12 0.23 Botanical garden Farm, Phutala (Deep black soil),Dist Nagpur 0-20 24.51 26.11 49.38 Clay 7.87 0.26 4.17 0.91 20-50 28.83 24.03 47.14 Clay 7.80 0.16 4.76 0.44 50-80 21.80 27.80 50.40 Clay 8.00 0.20 5.12 0.40 College of Agriculture Farm, Nagpur 0-20 17.76 22.76 59.48 Clay 7.80 0.25 6.90 0.88 20-50 19.03 23.73 57.24 Clay 7.60 0.30 7.18 0.80 50-80 19.80 24.90 55.30 Clay 7.80 0.30 7.42 0.72 C.I.C.R.Panjri Farm (Deep black soil), Dist. Nagpur 0-20 18.23 22.63 59.14 Clay 7.70 0.20 3.81 0.91 20-50 20.35 24.00 55.65 Clay 7.85 0.29 4.12 0.44 50-80 20.83 26.13 53.04 Clay 7.85 0.33 4.25 0.40 C.I.C.R. Panjri Farm (Medium black soil), Dist. Nagpur 0-20 18.36 22.56 59.08 Clay 7.40 0.27 3.63 0.72 20-50 20.18 23.23 56.59 Clay 7.45 0.35 4.44 0.56 50-80 20.53 26.53 52.94 Clay 7.60 0.41 4.31 0.45 C.I.C.R. Panjri Farm (Shallow black soil), Dist. Nagpur 0-20 18.63 23.73 57.64 Clay 7.70 0.27 3.81 0.80 20-50 19.80 26.60 53.60 Clay 7.70 0.35 3.81 0.65 Agricultural Research Station Farm, Tharsa, Dist. Nagpur 0-20 24.60 18.40 57.00 Clay 7.65 0.33 1.31 0.82 20-50 24.73 21.43 53.84 Clay 7.55 0.32 1.61 0.57 50-80 20.22 22.30 57.48 Clay 7.50 0.30 2.47 0.57 80 and above 17.53 24.13 58.34 Clay 7.50 0.32 2.97 0.45 Agricultural Research Station Farm, Kutki, Dist. Wardha 0-20 43.29 14.47 42.24 Clay 7.30 0.20 5.80 0.78 20-50 44.45 20.31 35.24 Sandy Clay 7.60 0.22 10.30 0.68 Agricultural Research Station Farm, Selsura, Dist. Wardha 0-20 48.25 20.08 31.67 Sandy Clay 7.70 0.15 9.21 0.63 20-50 45.33 17.36 37.31 Sandy Clay 7.80 0.18 12.22 0.55 50-80 52.25 17.11 30.64 Sandy Clay 7.80 0.16 14.81 0.49 Table 1 : Contd......

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Table 1 : Contd...... Agricultural Research Station Farm, Ekarjuna, Dist. Chandrapur 0-20 22.13 25.93 51.94 Clay 7.40 0.23 2.75 0.85 20-50 23.46 24.36 52.18 Clay 7.75 0.40 3.37 0.64 50-80 20.60 28.20 51.20 Clay 7.80 0.40 3.37 0.48 80 and above 14.23 31.03 54.74 Clay 7.80 0.40 4.92 0.85 Agricultural Research Station Farm, Sindewahi, Dist. Chandrapur 0-20 23.96 20.96 55.08 Clay 7.20 0.48 0.25 0.42 20-50 23.93 20.83 55.24 Clay 7.30 0.51 0.87 0.32 50-80 24.03 20.64 55.33 Clay 7.30 0.45 2.50 0.23 Agricultural Research Station Farm, Sakoli, Dist. Bhandara 0-20 43.50 17.66 38.84 Clay loam 7.10 0.13 8.12 0.86 20-50 31.98 15.80 52.22 Clay 7.20 0.15 9.11 0.83 50-80 41.18 11.80 47.02 Clay 7.20 0.15 12.14 0.79 80 and above 38.43 12.30 49.27 Clay 7.20 0.15 13.80 0.75 Agricultural Research Station Farm, Hiwara, Dist. Gondia 0-20 49.12 13.76 37.12 Sandy Clay 6.43 0.26 2.00 0.62 20-50 45.12 14.46 40.42 Sandy Clay 6.46 0.43 2.50 0.60 50-80 45.45 15.22 39.33 Sandy Clay 6.68 0.27 3.25 0.40 80 and above 41.98 15.29 42.73 Clay 6.87 0.33 3.50 0.29 and about 86.81 per cent, 86.67 per cent in Central and exchangeable K in general ranged from 84.6 to 187.28 Eastern Vidarbha region, respectively. Similar results mg kg-1 in surface and 38.5 to 187.28 mg kg-1 in profile were recorded by Pharande and Sonar (1996). In Central with the mean of 111.91 mg kg-1 and which was 1.88 per Vidarbha lattice K ranged from 1783.52 to 8177.30 mg cent of total K. In Central Vidarbha it ranged from 84.6 kg-1 in soil profiles and in surface layer it ranged from to 187.28 mg kg-1 in profile with a mean of 120.39 mg 2121.3 to 7004.5 mg kg-1. Similarly in Eastern Vidarbha kg-1 which was 2.22 per cent of total K. However, as it ranged from 3661.9 to 7478.50 mgkg-1. It was noticed compared to Central Vidarbha and general range, Eastern that the ranged of lattice K in Eastern Vidarbha region Vidarbha soil recorded lower content of exchangeable was narrow than Central Vidarbha. K (1.25 %) towards total K. whereas, it ranged in surface The lowest and highest value of non-exchangeable sample (96.7 to 137.09 mg kg-1) and profile sample (4.09 K were in Phutala and Sindewahi soils, respectively. It to 137.09 mg kg-1) was very narrow. Similar results were was recorded from 242.3 to 1020.5 mg kg-1 in soils with recorded by Pal and Sekhon (1991). This clearly indicates a mean value of 668.36 mgkg-1. In Central Vidarbha the that exchangeable K in soils was related to organic non-exchangeable K range was from 242.6 to 8885.45 carbon content. mg kg-1 in surface. While the range of non-exchangeable The average water soluble K in soil of Central K in Eastern Vidarbha region was quit higher in surface Vidarbha was 3.7 to 10.15 mg kg-1 in surface layer and sample (661.5 to 942.5 mg kg-1) and 661.5 to 1020.5 mg 3.7 to 12.05 mg-1 in profile with average mean of 6.048 kg-1 in profile sample. This could be related to abundance which was 0.11 per cent of total K while in Eastern of K fixing minerals in heavy rainfall area of Eastern Vidarbha region it ranged from 5.5 to 16.65 mg kg-1 in Vidarbha. This form of K also did not exhibit any surface layer and profile smples with a mean of 10.46 characteristics trend with depth. The variation in depth mg kg-1 which was 0.14 per cent of total K, which showed wise distribution pattern of non-exchangeable K might its negligible contribution in forms of K. The maximum be due to changes in particle size distribution in various mean of water soluble K was reecorded in Ekarjuna layers (Brar and Sekhon,1987). This highest content of (12.73 mg kg-1) and minimum in Tharsa and Panjri, non-exchangeable K in surface horizon was related to medium black soil (3.7 mg kg-1). In clay soils water clay content, which could fix the K in soils, due to the soluble K decreased with depth, while in sandy clay and presence of illitic and other 2:1 type clay minerals. The clay loam it was increased with depth. This was possible

HIND AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND TRAINING INSTITUTE 37 Asian J. Soil Sci., (June, 2015) 10 (1) : 34-41 DISTRIBUTION OF FORMS OF POTASSIUM IN SOILS OF CENTRAL & EASTERN VIDARBHA REGION

Table 2 : Distribution of forms of potassium (mg kg-1) in the soil profile Depth (cm) Available K Water soluble K Exchangeable K Non-exchangeable K Total K Lattice K Regional Fruit Research Station Farm, Katol Dist. Nagpur 0-20 92.00 7.4 84.6 653.25 7750 7004.74 20-50 97.34 6.5 90.86 738.91 8250 7413.75 50-80 62.99 6.5 56.46 755.11 9000 8181.90 80 and above 73.125 5.5 67.63 749.57 9000 8177.30 Mean 81.36 6.5 74.89 724.21 8500 7694.42 Department of Botany Farm, Nagpur 0-20 97.50 7.4 90.1 669.00 5000 4233.5 20-50 84.01 7.3 76.7 498.00 4000 3417.99 50-80 45.00 6.5 38.5 813.50 4875 4016.5 Mean 75.50 7.1 68.5 660.17 4625 3889.33 Botanical garden Farm, Phutala (Deep black soil), Dist Nagpur 0-20 129.77 3.7 126.07 242.30 2500 2127.9 20-50 140.98 3.7 137.28 325.50 2250 1783.5 50-80 150.00 4.5 145.50 242.60 2250 1857.4 Mean 140.25 3.97 136.28 270.13 2333.3 1922.95 College of Agriculture Farm, Nagpur 0-20 175.49 6.5 168.99 741.95 4750 3832.6 20-50 168.78 3.7 165.08 487.50 4000 3343.7 50-80 152.97 4.5 148.47 522.50 5250 4574.5 Mean 165.75 4.9 160.84 583.98 4666.66 3916.9 C.I.C.R. Panjri Farm (Deep black soil), Dist. Nagpur 0-20 188.99 5.5 183.49 881.55 5000 3929.46 20-50 135.00 3.7 131.30 888.45 5500 4476.55 50-80 116.99 3.7 113.29 724.50 5750 4908.51 Mean 146.99 4.3 142.69 831.50 5416.66 4438.17 C.I.C.R. Panjri Farm (Medium black soil), Dist. Nagpur 0-20 180.00 3.7 176.30 608.00 5500 4712.0 20-50 166.49 3.7 162.79 605.00 5000 4228.5 50-80 120.00 3.7 116.30 686.00 4750 3944.0 Mean 155.49 3.7 151.79 633.00 5083.33 4294.84 C.I.C.R. Panjri Farm (Shallow black soil), Dist. Nagpur 0-20 150.71 10.15 140.56 490.00 6000 5359.29 20-50 120.00 12.05 107.95 478.36 5750 5151.64 Mean 135.36 11.10 124.26 484.18 5875 5255.47 Agricultural Research Station Farm, Tharsa, Dist. Nagpur 0-20 190.98 3.7 187.28 528.12 6750 6030.89 20-50 120.31 3.7 116.61 510.07 7000 6369.66 50-80 111.98 3.7 108.28 509.80 7000 6378.22 80 and above 84.78 3.7 81.08 479.50 6750 6185.72 Mean 127.01 3.7 123.31 506.87 6875 6241.13 Agricultural Research Station Farm, Kutki, Dist. Wardha 0-20 140.01 9.25 130.76 747.50 6750 5862.49 20-50 86.62 8.3 78.32 814.5 7000 6098.88 Mean 113.31 8.77 104.54 781.00 6875 5980.69 Table 2 : Contd......

HIND AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND TRAINING INSTITUTE 38 Asian J. Soil Sci., (June, 2015) 10 (1) :34-41 SHILPA BABAR, P.K. RATHOD, V.G. SALVI AND V.P. BADOLE

Table 2 : Contd...... Agricultural Research Station Farm, Selsura, Dist. Wardha 0-20 155.00 6.5 148.5 334.40 3750 3260.60 20-50 135.00 6.5 128.5 450.90 4250 3664.10 50-80 80.00 6.5 73.5 431.50 3750 3238.50 Mean 123.33 6.5 116.83 405.60 3916.67 3387.70 Agricultural Research Station Farm, Ekarjuna, Dist. Chandrapur 0-20 150.04 12.95 137.09 942.50 6500 5407.46 20-50 147.41 12.05 135.36 879.50 7500 6473.09 50-80 105.00 13.85 91.15 807.50 7500 6587.50 80 and above 75.02 12.05 62.97 858.00 8000 7066.98 Mean 119.37 12.725 106.64 871.88 7375 6383.76 Agricultural Research Station Farm, Sindewahi, Dist. Chandrapur 0-20 105.00 8.3 96.70 920.00 7500.00 6475.00 20-50 88.92 7.4 81.53 1020.50 7250.00 6140.57 50-80 55.02 9.25 47.77 1001.50 7000.00 5943.48 Mean 82.98 8.32 74.67 980.67 7250.00 6186.35 Agricultural Research Station Farm, Sakoli, Dist. Bhandara 0-20 110.00 5.5 104.5 661.50 8250 7478.5 20-50 95.23 9.25 85.98 681.50 8250 7473.27 50-80 66.31 5.5 60.81 754.50 8250 7429.19 80 and above 54.34 9.25 45.09 876.00 8500 7569.66 Mean 81.47 7.375 98.79 743.38 83120.50 7487.66 Agricultural Research Station Farm, Hiwara, Dist. Gondia 0-20 130.89 16.65 111.24 919.50 7250 6199.61 20-50 107.79 11.10 96.69 878.00 7250 6264.21 50-80 84.67 13.85 70.82 948.00 5000 3967.33 80 and above 61.60 12.05 49.55 776.00 4500 3661.9 Mean 96.23 13.41 82.825 880.50 6000 5023.26 Total Mean 117.45 7.30 111.91 668.36 5936.01 5150.19 due to leaching of K from surface layer to the lower of potassium increases with increased in organic carbon layers. Similar results werer reported by Mishra et al. content. Whereas the availability of K showed significant (1993). The mean content of available K in Central and negative correlation with silt (r= -0.5607**) and pH Vidarbha region was highest (126.42 mg kg-1) than (r= -0.5489*) in Central Vidarbha. Similar findings of Eastern Vidarbha (95.01 mg kg-1) which was 2.33 per Deshmukh et al. (1991). The water soluble K showed cent and 1.3 per cent, respectively of total K. But the positive and significant correlation with sand (r= 0.3243*) range of availability of total K was narrow in Eastern and negative with clay (r= -0.3236*), pH (r= -0.4593**) * Vidarbha than Central Vidarbha considering 49.01 mg and CaCO3 (r= -0.5985 ) in Vidarbha region. It indicated kg-1 available soil K as the general critical limit for crops the availability of water soluble K was less probably in (Murthy and Hirekerur,1980). Vertisols. This indicated that the amount of potassium present in soil solution was independent of soil factors Correlation between forms of potassium and soil (Kalbande and Swaminatha, 1976). properties : Exchangeable K showed positive and significant In Vidarbha region, the availability of K was correlation with per cent clay (r= 0.2888*) and organic significantly and positively correlated with organic carbon carbon (r= 0.4526*) in Vidarbha soil. Simiar correlation (r=0.4680**) (Table 3). Similarly it showed significant of exchangeable K with organic carbon (r=0.6225**) and positive correlation with organic carbon (r=0.4621**) was in Central Vidarbha. Further it showed negative in Central Vidarbha (Table 4). It indicated the availability correlation with silt (r= -05687 **) and pH(r= -

HIND AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND TRAINING INSTITUTE 39 Asian J. Soil Sci., (June, 2015) 10 (1) : 34-41 DISTRIBUTION OF FORMS OF POTASSIUM IN SOILS OF CENTRAL & EASTERN VIDARBHA REGION

0.5115**)(Table 4). Since Vertisols were dominated by The significant and positive correlation of total K smectite clay minerals formed under base rich and lattice K were recorded with clay (r= 0.5189* and environment, the significant inverse relation between silt r= 0.4631*) and organic carbon (r= 0.4303* and r= and pH with exchangeable K was noticed. Similar results 0.4785*) and negatively correlated with sand (r= -0.4918* were recorded by Pharande and Sonar, (1996). The non- and r= -0.4549*) in Eastern Vidarbha only. The similar exchangeable K showed significant and negative results were reported by Raskar and Pharande (1997). correlation with soil pH (r= -0.4000**) and EC (r= - It might be due to the less content of clay bearing minerals 0.3845**). Similarly in Eastern Vidarbha, non- in silt and sand fractions. Lattice K and total K did not exchangeable K showed inverse significant correlation show any significant correlation with any of the soil ** ** with pH (r= -0.3985 ), CaCO3 (r= -0.6953 ) and sand properties in Central and Eastern Vidarbha (Mishra et (r= -0.5445**) (Table 5). Since the soil under investigation al., 1993). were smectite slightly alkaline, the inverse relation Thus, the soils from different agroclimatic region between soil pH and non-exchangeable K could be of Vidarbha had fairly high content of all the forms of K explain on the basis of greater performance of these that occurs in soil. The effect of parent material and soils for sodium over potassium and the maintenance of rainfall reflected on the forms of K in soils and the per wider interlayer space of clay minerals under the cent contribution of each from inrelation to total K. The dominance of sodium ions. Similar results were reported “r” values suggests that the actual amount of K present by Dhillon et al. (1985). in he soil was not he sole factor such as potassium

Table 3 : Correlation co-efficient between forms of potassium and physico-chemical properties of soil in Vidarbha region Parameters Avail. K Water soluble K Exch. K Non-exch. K Total K Lattice K Sand % -0.1908 0.3243* -0.2122 0.0040 0.0038 0.0031 Silt % 0.0269 -0.2002 0.0427 -0.1448 -0.0582 -0.0448 Clay % 0.2698 -0.3236* 0.2888* 0.0351 -0.0348 -0.0472 pH 0.1194 -0.4593** 0.1564 -0.4000** -0.2164 -0.1835 EC -0.0559 0.1704 -0.0699 -0.3845** 0.2440 0.2131 ** CaCO3 0.2574 -0.5985 -0.2397 -0.2004 0.0493 0.0822 O.C. 0.4680** 0.0180 0.4526** -0.0639 0.2648 0.2772 * and ** indicate significance of values at P=0.05 and P=0.01, respectively

Table 4 : Correlation co-efficient between forms of potassium and physico-chemical properties of soil in Central Vidarbha Parameters Avail. K Water soluble K Exch. K Non-exch. K Total K Lattice K Sand % 0.0014 -0.1779 0.0152 -0.3890 -0.1039 -0.0694 Silt % -0.5607** 0.2848 -0.5687** 0.1158 0.2243 0.2243 Clay % 0.3862 -0.0374 0.3798 0.2220 -0.0943 -0.1287 pH -0.5049** 0.2954 -0.5115** 0.2040 0.1240 0.1199 EC 0.0621 -0.0742 0.0640 0.0715 0.3784 0.3842

CaCO3 -0.3076 0.1614 -0.3183 0.2664 0.2329 0.2223 O.C. 0.4621** 0.1181 0.6225** 0.0199 0.1576 0.1471 ** indicate significance of value at P=0.05

Table 5 : Correlation co-efficient between forms of potassium and physico-chemical properties of soil in Eastern Vidarbha Parameters Avail. K Water soluble K Exch. K Non-exch. K Total K Lattice K Sand % 0.0758 -0.2449 0.1003 -0.5445** -0.4918* -0.4549* Silt % 0.0685 0.2805 0.0416 0.2319 0.1357 0.1129 Clay % -0.1404 0.2561 -0.1664 0.7141** 0.5189* 0.4631* pH 0.2016 -0.3265 0.2350 -0.3985** -0.1737 -0.1377 EC -0.1399 0.3149 -0.1717 0.6444** 0.1987 0.1310 ** ** CaCO3 -0.1822 -0.5985 -0.1252 -0.6953 -0.1856 -0.1033 O.C. 0.3115 -0.1010 0.3237 -0.2063 0.4303* 0.4785* * and ** indicate significance of value at P=0.05 and P=0.01, respectively

HIND AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND TRAINING INSTITUTE 40 Asian J. Soil Sci., (June, 2015) 10 (1) :34-41 SHILPA BABAR, P.K. RATHOD, V.G. SALVI AND V.P. BADOLE

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