Distribution of Forms of Potassium in Soils of Central and Eastern Vidarbha Region of Maharashtra

An Asian Journal of Soil Science Volume 10 | Issue 1 | June, 2015 | 34-41 | e ISSN–0976–7231 Visit us : www.researchjournal.co.in Research Article DOI : 10.15740/HAS/AJSS/10.1/34-41 Distribution of forms of potassium in soils of central and eastern Vidarbha region of Maharashtra SHILPA BABAR, P.K. RATHOD, V.G. SALVI AND V.P. BADOLE Received : 20.08.2014; Revised : 09.04.2015 ; Accepted : 18.04.2015 MEMBERS OF RESEARCH FORUM: Summary Corresponding author : Soil samples from fourteen profiles from five districts of Central and Western Vidarbha region P.K. RATHOD, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, of Maharashtra were studied for the distribution of different forms of potassium and for their College of Agricuture, DHULE (M.S.) relationship with some soil properties. The soils of Wardha, Nagpur, Chandrapur and Bhandara INDIA districts were slightly calcarious neutral to alkaline in reaction and the soils of Gondia district was non-calcarious and sightly acidic in reaction. The Central Vidarbha soils were clay in texture having high in organic carbon content. Whereas the soils of Eastern Vidarbha were clay loam, sandy clay loam and low in organic carbon content. No definite trend was observed in the forms of potassium except exchangeable and available K, they were decreased with increase in depth. The available K and exchangeable K increased with the increase in organic carbon (r = 0.4680**, r = 0.4526**). The availability of exchangeable K increased with increase in clay content (r = 0.2888**). The non-exchangeable K was also increased with clay content (r = 0.7141**) and EC (r = 0.6444**) in Eastern Vidarbha region. The availability of total K and lattice K increased with increase in organic carbon (r = 0.4303**, r = 0.4785*) and clay content (r= 0.5189*, r = 0.4631*) in Eastern Vidarbha region of Maharashtra. Key words : Distribution pattern, Forms of soil K, Soil depth, Relationship with soil properties! Co-authors : SHILPA BABAR, V.G. SAL VI AND V.P. How to cite this article : Babar, Shilpa, Rathod, P.K., Salvi, V.G. and Badole, V.P. (2015). Distribution BADOLE, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, College of Agricuture, DHULE (M.S.) of forms of potassium in soils of central and eastern Vidarbha region of Maharashtra. Asian J. Soil Sci., INDIA 10(1) : 34-41. Introduction (Chopra and Kanwar, 1976 and Hesse, 1971). The various forms of potassium in soils exist in equilibrium A knowledge of different forms of potassium in soils with forms of one another and depletion of one form is together with their distribution in the zone of root replenished by other forms (Chandel et al., 1976). The penetration is of much relevance in assessing the long- present study was, therefore, undertaken to findout the term availability of the nutrients to crops and in distribution of different forms of potassium and their formulating sound fertilizer recommendations. The relations with important soil parameters. pattern of the potassium distribution in soil profile is dependent upon the homogeneity of parent material with regard to type and abundance of potassium, bearing Resource and Research Methods minerals and the relations like fixation and release The fourteen soil profiles were collected from HIND AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND TRAINING INSTITUTE SHILPA BABAR, P.K. RATHOD, V.G. SALVI AND V.P. BADOLE central and eastern vidarbha region. Eight profile samples heavy rainfall area 6.43 to 6.68 pH and EC 0.26 to 0.43 were collected from Nagpur, two from Wardha, two from dSm-1. The result on pH and EC of the soil did not show Chandrapur, one each from Bhandara and Gondia district any specific trend with increase in depth of soil. On the as per the procedure laid down by Piper (1996). The soil basis of the range of pH and EC, it indicates that, the samples were analysed for their particle size distribution soils were in good condition for crop growth. The results by international pipette method, calcium carbonate and of free lime content on soil showed that, the soil profiles exchangeable K by standard method of Piper (1996). of Nagpur, Wardha and Bhandara districts fell under the pH, EC (1:2.5) and organic carbon by the procedure of slightly calcareous range soils of Tharsa. The free lime Jackson (1967). Non-exchangeable K by Wood and De content of surface soil ranged from 0.25 to 9.21 per cent. Turk (1940), water soluble K determined by Dhawan et The calcium carbonate content increased with increase al. (1968) and lattice K by Ranganathan and in depth. A similar finding was reported by Virmani et Satyanarayana (1980). Stastical analysis involved simple al. (1982). The most important property of soil for correlations between forms of potassium and soil controlling the physico-chemical properties and nutrient properties as per the procedure of Panse and Sukhatme availability is the organic carbon content of the soil. The (1978). organic carbon varied from profile to profile and depth to depth of sample. In general it ranged from 0.23 to Research Findings and Discussion 0.91 per cent and in surface soil it ranged from 0.42 to 0.91 per cent. It indicated low to high content of organic The results obtained from the present investigation carbon. The availability of organic carbon content as well as relevant discussion have been summarized decreased with increase in depth of soil sampling in all under following heads : the profiles. Similar results were reported by Mandal et al. (1982) and Subbiah and Asija (1956). Physico-chemical properties of soil: The soil characteristics estimated in the present Forms of soil potassium : study are given in Table 1. The data showed that all the The total K content in profiles of Central Vidarbha soils of Nagpur and Chandrapur districts are classified soils ranged from 2333.3 to 9000 mg kg-1 (Table 2). The under clay textural class. While the soils of Bhandara, maximum content of total K was in surface and Gondia and Wardha districts are classified under clay subsurface soil in Katol soil and minimum in Phutala soil loam, sandy loam, clay and sandy clay loam textural of Nagpur district. In Eastern Vidarbha total potassium class, respectively as per the USDA system. In the soils in profile ranged from 4500 to 8250 mg kg-1 and in of Bhandara and Gondia districts the percentage of clay surface soil it ranged from 7250 to 8250 mg kg-1. This increased with depth. This is might be due to loss of value of total potassium was slightly higher than the range colloidal clay fraction from surface horizon due to heavy 1900 to 5500 mg kg-1 reported by Deshmukh et al. rainfall in this region. However, in Wardha districts soil (1991) of Vidarbha soil. Definite trend of distribution of the percentage of clay decreased with increase in depth total K was not observed in profiles possibly because of of the soil. The per cent contribution of the soil separates active peudoterbation process operating in pedons ranged from 14.23 to 52.25 per cent, silt ranged from (Raskar and Pharande,1997). The mineral potassium is 11.80 to 31.03 per cent and clay ranged from 30.64 to bound within the crystal structure of soil mineral particles 59.48 per cent. The highest per cent of sand, silt and but it holds between adjacent tetradedral layer of micas, clay were recorded in Selsura, Ekarjuna and College of Vermiculites and integrate clay minerals (Sparks, 1987). Agriculture farm, Nagpur, respectively. While the lowest The contents of lattice K in soil profile ranged from percentage of sand, silt and clay were recorded in 1783.52 to 8181.90 mg kg-1 and in surface soil it ranged Ekarjuna, Sakoli and Selsura soil, respectively. There was from 2121.93 to 7478.5 mg kg-1. The maximum content no specific variation on the percentage of sand, silt and of lattice K was observed in Katol soil and minimum in clay due to increase in depth of the soil profile. Botanical garden, Phutala soil. This is might be due to The soils of Wardha, Nagpur, Chndrapur and conversion of lattice K into exchangeable K because of Bhandara districts were neutral to alkaline in reactions its leaching in slopy soil. The contribution of lattice K pH 7.10 to 8.15 and EC 0.13 to 0.15 dSm-1 while soils of towards total potassium was 86.76 per cent in general Gondia districts were slightly acidic being it follows in HIND AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND TRAINING INSTITUTE 35 Asian J. Soil Sci., (June, 2015) 10 (1) : 34-41 DISTRIBUTION OF FORMS OF POTASSIUM IN SOILS OF CENTRAL & EASTERN VIDARBHA REGION Table 1 : Physico-chemical properties of the soils Textural pH EC (dSm-1) Organic Depth (cm) Sand (%) Silt (%) Clay (%) CaCO (%) class 1:25 Soil water suspension 3 carbon (%) Regional Fruit Research Station Farm, Katol Dist. Nagpur 0-20 27.00 27.80 45.20 Clay 7.90 0.39 6.25 0.76 20-50 24.55 28.70 46.75 Clay 8.10 0.25 6.85 0.68 50-80 19.90 30.40 49.70 Clay 8.15 0.27 7.90 0.60 80 and above 18.50 29.30 52.20 Clay 8.03 0.25 11.20 0.49 Department of Botany Farm, Nagpur 0-20 18.90 23.05 58.05 Clay 7.85 0.21 4.60 0.49 20-50 20.73 24.03 55.24 Clay 7.80 0.20 4.83 0.24 50-80 18.50 25.30 56.20 Clay 8.00 0.20 5.12 0.23 Botanical garden Farm, Phutala (Deep black soil),Dist Nagpur 0-20 24.51 26.11 49.38 Clay 7.87 0.26 4.17 0.91 20-50 28.83 24.03 47.14 Clay 7.80 0.16 4.76 0.44 50-80 21.80 27.80 50.40 Clay 8.00 0.20 5.12 0.40 College of Agriculture Farm, Nagpur 0-20 17.76 22.76 59.48 Clay 7.80 0.25 6.90 0.88 20-50 19.03 23.73 57.24 Clay 7.60 0.30 7.18 0.80 50-80 19.80 24.90 55.30 Clay 7.80 0.30 7.42 0.72 C.I.C.R.Panjri Farm (Deep black soil), Dist.

Load more