DOCSLIB.ORG

Acari: Heterostigmata: Pygmephoroidea) Associated with Lucanus Ibericus (Coleoptera: Lucanidae) Sarina Seyedein, Vahid Rahiminejad, Ahmad Nadimi

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Acari: Heterostigmata: Pygmephoroidea) Associated with Lucanus Ibericus (Coleoptera: Lucanidae) Sarina Seyedein, Vahid Rahiminejad, Ahmad Nadimi Two new species of microdispid mites (Acari: Heterostigmata: Pygmephoroidea) associated with Lucanus ibericus (Coleoptera: Lucanidae) Sarina Seyedein, Vahid Rahiminejad, Ahmad Nadimi To cite this version: Sarina Seyedein, Vahid Rahiminejad, Ahmad Nadimi. Two new species of microdispid mites (Acari: Heterostigmata: Pygmephoroidea) associated with Lucanus ibericus (Coleoptera: Lucanidae). Ac- arologia, Acarologia, 2020, 60 (3), pp.595-606. 10.24349/acarologia/20204388. hal-02928655 HAL Id: hal-02928655 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02928655 Submitted on 2 Sep 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution| 4.0 International License Acarologia A quarterly journal of acarology, since 1959 Publishing on all aspects of the Acari All information: http://www1.montpellier.inra.fr/CBGP/acarologia/ [email protected] Acarologia is proudly non-profit, with no page charges and free open access Please help us maintain this system by encouraging your institutes to subscribe to the print version of the journal and by sending us your high quality research on the Acari. Subscriptions: Year 2020 (Volume 60): 450 € http://www1.montpellier.inra.fr/CBGP/acarologia/subscribe.php Previous volumes (2010-2018): 250 € / year (4 issues) Acarologia, CBGP, CS 30016, 34988 MONTFERRIER-sur-LEZ Cedex, France ISSN 0044-586X (print), ISSN 2107-7207 (electronic) The digitalization of Acarologia papers prior to 2000 was supported by Agropolis Fondation under the reference ID 1500-024 through the « Investissements d’avenir » programme (Labex Agro: ANR-10-LABX-0001-01) Acarologia is under free license and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons-BY-NC-ND which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Two new species of microdispid mites (Acari: Heterostigmata: Pygmephoroidea) associated with Lucanus ibericus (Coleoptera: Lucanidae) Sarina Seyedeina , Vahid Rahiminejada , Ahmad Nadimia a Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resource, Golestan, Iran. Original research ABSTRACT Two new species of the microdispid mites (Acari: Microdispidae) phoretic on Lucanus ibericus are described from Iran: Premicrodispus gorganiensis Rahiminejad & Seyedein sp. nov. and Neomicrodispus lucani Rahiminejad & Seyedein sp. nov. The mites were collected from forests with Hornbeam trees (Carpinus spp.) and Oak trees (Quercus spp.) in Gorgan, northern Iran. The distribution of the heterostigmatic mites on lucanid beetles is reviewed. Also, a key to species of the Neomicrodispus is provided. Keywords Microdispidae; forest; fauna; Insect; phoresy; stag beetle; Iran Zoobank http://zoobank.org/7FD7D3DB-1488-4C29-9519-AD8B6262D005 Introduction Although many of heterostigmatic mites (Acari: Prostigmata) prefer to be free-living, almost all of them take advantage of phoresy in some periods of their life to distribute and establish their populations (Hermann et al. 1970; Kaliszewski et al. 1995). Heterostigmata have a wide range of associations with arthropods, including predation, parasitism and mutualism; so that different host–symbiont interactions could lead to speciation (Okabe et al. 2012). More than 2000 described species in eight superfamilies are classified in Heterostigmata (Walter et al. 2009; Zhang et al. 2011). The four families Microdispidae, Scutacaridae, Neopygmephoridae and Pygmephoridae constitute the largest superfamily in Heterostigmata (Acari: Prostigmata), Received 02 May 2020 known as Pygmephoroidea (Khaustov 2004). The least diverse family in the superfamily, Accepted 11 August 2020 Published 02 September 2020 Microdispidae Cross, 1965, includes 28 described genera and more than 120 species (Khaustov and Minor 2020) that are mostly fungivorous, inhabiting soil, litter, mosses or decaying plant Corresponding author material, and some are in relation with various arthropods by phoresy or parastitism with the Vahid Rahiminejad: [email protected] most prevalent hosts for this family being beetles and ants (Kaliszewski et al. 1995; Walter et al. 2009; Hajiqanbar et al. 2012a; Rahiminejad et al. 2015a; Khaustov and Minor 2020). Academic editor Baumann, Julia The taxonomic placement of many microdispid mites was as doubtful, hereupon, Khaustov (2018) provided a key for genera. There are various reports about microdispid mites in Iran (Rahiminejad et al. 2010, 2015a; Hajiqanbar et al. 2012a, b; Hosseininaveh et al. 2013, 2015; DOI Loghmani et al. 2014a, b; Katlav et al. 2015; Hajiqanbar and Hasseininaveh 2014; Filekesh 10.24349/acarologia/20204388 et al. 2014; Abbasi-Moghadam et al. 2014; Badoodam et al. 2015; Azhari et al. 2018; ISSN 0044-586X (print) Hajiqanbar and Arjomandi 2019; Rahiminejad and Hajiqanbar 2020). Until now, six genera ISSN 2107-7207 (electronic) and 23 species have been recorded from Iran (Hajiqanbar and Sobhi 2018). Copyright A very diverse group of scarabaeoid beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea), including Seyedein S. et al. Lucanidae, could be identified as hosts for microdispid mites (Kaliszewski et al. 1995; Walter Distributed under Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 How to cite this article Seyedein S. et al. (2020), Two new species of microdispid mites (Acari: Heterostigmata: Pygmephoroidea) associated with Lucanus ibericus (Coleoptera: Lucanidae). Acarologia 60(3): 595-606; DOI 10.24349/acarologia/20204388 et al. 2009; Hajiqanbar and Sobhi 2018; Khaustov and Frolov 2018). Lucanid beetles feed on honeydew or on sap from leaves and trees in their adult stage and their larvae breed in or beneath the decaying wood of logs or stumps (Holloway 2007). During a survey on mite fauna of the cohort Heterostigmata associated with insects in Golestan province, Northern Iran, in summer 2019, two new species of the genera Premicrodis- pus and Neomicrodispus phoretic on beetles (Coleoptera: Lucanidae) were collected by light trap. The aim of this paper is to describe these new species. In addition, the representatives of the Heterostigmata associated with lucanid beetles are reviewed. A key for species of the genus Neomicrodispus is provided as well. Materials and methods Host beetles were captured by light trap in Alangdareh Forest, in Golestan province, northern Iran, during summer 2019. Mite specimens were cleared in lactophenol and mounted in Hoyer’s medium. The morphology of the mites was studied by a light microscope with phase contrast illumination (Olympus BX51, Tokyo. Japan). The terminology of the idiosoma and legs follows that of Lindquist (1986), the designation of cheliceral setae follows Grandjean 1947 and the nomenclature of subcapitular setae follows Grandjean (1944). All measurements in the descriptions are given in micrometers (μm) for the holotype and four paratypes (in parentheses). Details of geographical position were recorded using a global positioning system (GPS model: eTrex). The beetle host was identified by the help of a key for Iranian lucanid beetles provided by Bartolozzi et al. (2014). The type materials of the new species and host beetles are deposited in the Arthropods Collection, Acari section, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resource, Golestan, Iran. Systematics Family Microdispidae Cross, 1965 Genus Premicrodispus Cross, 1965 Type species: Microdispus (Premicrodispus) chandleri Cross, 1965, by original designation Three subgenera, Premicrodispus Cross, 1965, Premicrodispulus Khaustov & Chydyrov, 2010, Premicrodispoides Khaustov & Maslov, 2013, and about 31 species constitute the cosmopolitan genus Premicrodispus (Khaustov and Minor 2020). Khaustov (2006) provided the diagnosis of the genus. Premicrodispus gorganiensis Rahiminejad & Seyedein sp. nov. Zoobank: 686F49BC-B7F0-409F-A406-96217D5A4CCA (Figures 1–3) Diagnosis — The new species is characterized by posterior margin of tergites C and D with a distinct median incision; setae d, e and f blunt-ended; setae e not associated with ridge; distance d–d about 1.5 times longer than seta d; seta h1 less than 1.5 times longer than h2; seta 4a absent and seta ps2 present; tibiotarsus I with four solenidia; all dorsal setae extending posterior border of their tergites; cupuli ia and ih rhombic. Description — Female. Length of body (including gnathosoma) 236 (229–241), width 121 (118–125). Gnathosoma (Figs 1A & B)– gnathosomal capsule elongated, dorsally with one pair of cheliceral setae, cha 11 (10–11). Palpal femorogenu with subequal setae dFe 5 (5–6) and dGe 7 (6–8). Gnathosoma ventrally with one pair of subcapitular setae m 11 (10–11). Pharyngeal Seyedein S. et al. (2020), Acarologia 60(3): 595-606; DOI 10.24349/acarologia/20204388 596 ap3~..,,._,.,.... C 3a ~3c ( r( ap4 \ {) \ ~'CP,\ appo3b t ~ 4b pgs B hr-:J'1• \ P 1 ~s3 Figure 1 Premicrodispus gorganiensis sp. nov., female. A – body in dorsal view, B – body in ventral view, C – pharyngeal system. system
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 1 It's All Geek to Me: Translating Names Of
    IT’S ALL GEEK TO ME: TRANSLATING NAMES OF INSECTARIUM ARTHROPODS Prof. J. Phineas Michaelson, O.M.P. U.S. Biological and Geological Survey of the Territories Central Post Office, Denver City, Colorado Territory [or Year 2016 c/o Kallima Consultants, Inc., PO Box 33084, Northglenn, CO 80233-0084] ABSTRACT Kids today! Why don’t they know the basics of Greek and Latin? Either they don’t pay attention in class, or in many cases schools just don’t teach these classic languages of science anymore. For those who are Latin and Greek-challenged, noted (fictional) Victorian entomologist and explorer, Prof. J. Phineas Michaelson, will present English translations of the scientific names that have been given to some of the popular common arthropods available for public exhibits. This paper will explore how species get their names, as well as a brief look at some of the naturalists that named them. INTRODUCTION Our education system just isn’t what it used to be. Classic languages such as Latin and Greek are no longer a part of standard curriculum. Unfortunately, this puts modern students of science at somewhat of a disadvantage compared to our predecessors when it comes to scientific names. In the insectarium world, Latin and Greek names are used for the arthropods that we display, but for most young entomologists, these words are just a challenge to pronounce and lack meaning. Working with arthropods, we all know that Entomology is the study of these animals. Sounding similar but totally different, Etymology is the study of the origin of words, and the history of word meaning.
    [Show full text]
  • The Stag Beetle Lucanus Cervus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Coleoptera, Lucanidae) Found in Norway
    © Norwegian Journal of Entomology. 5 June 2009 The stag beetle Lucanus cervus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Coleoptera, Lucanidae) found in Norway GÖRAN E. NILSSON, EMIL ROSSELAND & KARL ERIK ZACHARIASSEN Nilsson, G. E., Rosseland, E. & Zachariassen, K.E. 2009. The stag beetle Lucanus cervus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Coleoptera, Lucanidae) found in Norway. Norw. J. Entomol. 56, 9–12. A 35 mm long male specimen of the stag beetle Lucanus cervus (Linnaeus, 1758) was found at Øynesvann, AAY, in the early 1980ies. The specimen was sitting on the stump of a cut oak tree. The specimen has been kept well preserved in a small insect collection on a farm in the area since it was collected. The species is likely to have been overlooked in Norway. The explanation for this may be the fact that the forest area where the beetle was found is large, sparsely populated and poorly investigated. Another explaining factor is the fact that the biology of the species makes the beetles hard to find even in areas with good populations. Keywords: Stag beetle, Lucanus cervus, Lucanidae, Coleoptera, Norway Göran E. Nilsson, Physiology Programme, Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1041, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway. E-mail: [email protected] Emil Rosseland, Grønnestølvn. 8, NO-5073 Bergen, Norway. E-mail: [email protected] Karl Erik Zachariassen, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway. E-mail: [email protected] Introduction Bugge near Arendal. Since no specimen exists, even this claim has been considered too uncertain Several sources have indicated that the stag beetle to justify the listing of the stag beetle as occurring Lucanus cervus (Linnaeus, 1758) occurs in Norway.
    [Show full text]
  • FAMILY LUCANIDAE (Stag Beetles)
    FAMILY LUCANIDAE (Stag beetles) J. McNamara This family includes 14 species in Canada. The larvae of all species breed in or beneath the decaying wood of logs or stumps and therefore are of little economic importance. The adults are believed to feed on honeydew or on sap from leaves and trees. They lay their eggs in bark crevices, especially near the roots. The adults are attracted to lights and are most commonly found in wooded areas. One species is found on sandy beaches. The stag beetle Lucanus capreolus is often called the "Pinching Bug" because of the male's enlarged mandibles. Howden and Lawrence (1974) published a key of the North American genera and since the genera occurring in Canada include few species, specific identification is relatively easy. YK (1); NT (2); BC (7); AB (2); SK (2); MB (3); ON (8); PQ (5); NB (2); NS (3); NF (1) Subfamily SYNDESINAE Tribe Sinodendrini Genus SINODENDRON Hellwig S. rugosum Mannerheim - - - BC - - - - - - - - - - Tribe Ceruchini Genus CERUCHUS MacLeay C. piceus (Weber) - - - - - - MB ON PQ - NS - - - balbi (Castelnau) virginiensis Casey C. punctatus LeConte - - - BC - - - - - - - - - - C. striatus LeConte - - - BC - - - - - - - - - - Subfamily NICAGINAE Tribe Nicagini Genus NICAGUS LeConte N. obscurus (LeConte) - - - - - - - ON PQ - - - - - Subfamily LUCANINAE Tribe Lucanini Genus LUCANUS Scopoli (Subgenus LUCANUS s.str.) L. elaphus Fabricius - - - - - - - ON - - - - - - carlengi Angell (Subgenus PSEUDOLUCANUS Hope & Westwood) L. capreolus (Linné) - - - - - - - ON - - - - - - dama Fabricius muticus Thunberg nigricephalus (Benesh) trigonus Thunberg L. placidus Say - - - - - - - ON - - - - - - lentus Castelnau Tribe Dorcini Genus DORCUS MacLeay D. parallelus (Say) - - - - - - - ON PQ - - - - - carnochani Angell costatus LeConte nanus Casey oblongus (Charpentier) voeti (Schonherr) Tribe Platycerini Genus PLATYCEROPSIS Benesh P.
    [Show full text]
  • Meeting Stag Beetles (Key Stage 2)
    Meeting Stag Beetles (Key Stage 2) Deborah Harvey The stag beetle’s life cycle The stag beetle, or Lucanus cervus to give it its proper scientifi c name, is Britain’s largest terrestrial or land-living beetle. It is also sometimes known as a thunder beetle, or a “Billywitch”. Many of us know what the male looks like with its large antlers and chestnut colour, but what not so many people know is that the numbers of stag beetles are falling. We are not sure why the numbers are falling but probably it is because of changes in climate and the fact that people no longer leave rotting wood around, an essential part of the life cycle of the stag beetle. Stag beetle eggs Eggs are laid by the female in or near rotting wood in late summer. They are about 3mm long. They hatch out 2-3 weeks later as tiny larvae. Stag beetle larva (or grub) The stag beetle larva is cream with an orange head and orange legs (3 pairs like the adult), and has small brown antlers. It lives in rotten wood, which it eats. It takes up to 6 years to reach full size (approx. 8 cm), shedding its skin fi ve times as it grows. Pupa After 6 years, the larva leaves the wood and makes a ‘cocoon’ in the soil. Next it turns into a pupa. This happens in late summer or autumn and lasts a few weeks. Then the fully grown beetle emerges but it stays under the ground until the next summer when it comes out as an adult.
    [Show full text]
  • © 2016 David Paul Moskowitz ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
    © 2016 David Paul Moskowitz ALL RIGHTS RESERVED THE LIFE HISTORY, BEHAVIOR AND CONSERVATION OF THE TIGER SPIKETAIL DRAGONFLY (CORDULEGASTER ERRONEA HAGEN) IN NEW JERSEY By DAVID P. MOSKOWITZ A dissertation submitted to the Graduate School-New Brunswick Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Program in Entomology Written under the direction of Dr. Michael L. May And approved by _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ _____________________________________ New Brunswick, New Jersey January, 2016 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION THE LIFE HISTORY, BEHAVIOR AND CONSERVATION OF THE TIGER SPIKETAIL DRAGONFLY (CORDULEGASTER ERRONEA HAGEN) IN NEW JERSEY by DAVID PAUL MOSKOWITZ Dissertation Director: Dr. Michael L. May This dissertation explores the life history and behavior of the Tiger Spiketail dragonfly (Cordulegaster erronea Hagen) and provides recommendations for the conservation of the species. Like most species in the genus Cordulegaster and the family Cordulegastridae, the Tiger Spiketail is geographically restricted, patchily distributed with its range, and a habitat specialist in habitats susceptible to disturbance. Most Cordulegastridae species are also of conservation concern and the Tiger Spiketail is no exception. However, many aspects of the life history of the Tiger Spiketail and many other Cordulegastridae are poorly understood, complicating conservation strategies. In this dissertation, I report the results of my research on the Tiger Spiketail in New Jersey. The research to investigate life history and behavior included: larval and exuvial sampling; radio- telemetry studies; marking-resighting studies; habitat analyses; observations of ovipositing females and patrolling males, and the presentation of models and insects to patrolling males.
    [Show full text]
  • Observation of Female Stag Beetle Lucanus Cervus on a Freshly Cut Stump Maria Fremlin, [email protected]
    36 OBSERVATIon OF FEMALE STAG BeeTLE Lucanus cervus on A FRESHLY CUT STUMP Maria Fremlin, [email protected] One day in June 2009, while cycling along Maldon Road, Colchester, I noticed that a big false-acacia tree, Robinia pseudoacacia, was missing from a front garden, TL986243. Cutting a tree is big news in a stag beetle hotspot, which is where I happen to live, so late one afternoon when returning from our allotment I stopped to take photos, starting with the general aspect, Figure 1. As I approached the stump, camera at the ready, I saw a female stag beetle, Lucanus cervus, walking on top of it and then disappearing into a gap in the bark, see Figures 2 & 3. I could not have timed it better - these photos were 5 seconds apart. This was a most exciting observation because it supports my hypothesis that stag beetle females are very quick to colonise freshly cut stumps (Fremlin, 2009). L. cervus in the UK is currently Figure 1: False-acacia stump in a front garden classified as “Nationally Scarce drive, 26 June 2009. Note the darker wood which surrounds the cavity. Category B”; it is a saproxylic species. Photo: Maria Fremlin Saproxylic organisms are species which are involved in or dependent on the process of fungal decay of wood, or on the products of that decay, and which are associated with living as well as dead trees (Alexander, 2008). Stag beetle females seem to be very opportunistic in their choices judging from the great variety of places where their larvae have been found: stumps, logs, fence posts, woodchips, railway sleepers, compost, horse manure, etc.
    [Show full text]
  • The Stag Beetle Lucanus Cervus (Coleoptera, Lucanidae) in Art and Mythology
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by I-Revues THE STAG BEETLE LUCANUS CERVUS (COLEOPTERA, LUCANIDAE) IN ART AND MYTHOLOGY 1 Eva SPRECHER-UEBERSAX RÉSUMÉ. — Le Lucane cerf-volant Lucanus cervus (Coleoptera, Lucanidae) dans l’art et la mytholo- gie. — Connu en Europe depuis l’Antiquité, Lucanus cervus, le plus grand Coléoptère européen, a de tout temps captivé l’imagination et fasciné l’humanité. Les premières sources écrites dans lesquelles il est men- tionné remontent à la Grèce ancienne et les dernières sont de très récentes peintures de lucanes mâles du 21e siècle, ce qui démontre une remarquable durée de l’intérêt porté à cet insecte charismatique. La popularité du Lucane repose non seulement sur les légendes mythologiques mais aussi sur ses pouvoirs magiques. Au cours du temps, il s’est lentement débarrassé de la signifi cation symbolique qui lui avait été assignée pour prendre une fonction descriptive et décorative, devenant au fi nal le sujet favori de beaucoup d’artistes. Par son aptitude à stimuler l’imagination populaire et à jouer une variété de rôles, le Lucane apparaît même dans les illustrations satiriques. Il est inscrit au répertoire décoratif de l’Art Nouveau sur les porcelaines, les bijoux, les timbres et une variété de biens de consommation. Mots-clés: Coléoptères, Lucanus cervus, art, mythologie. SUMMARY. — Lucanus cervus, the largest European beetle, has incessantly captured the imagination and fascination of mankind and has been known in Europe since the antiquity. The fi rst written sources, in which it is mentioned, appear in ancient Greece and the last are very recent paintings of male stag beetles from the 21st century, demonstrating a very impressive span for this charismatic beetle.
    [Show full text]
  • Stag Beetle T
    J. Buse, K.N.A. Alexander,Stag beetle T. (Ranius,Lucanus T. cervus Assmann, (L., 1758),(Eds) 2009Lucanidae) urban behaviour 161 Saproxylic Beetles - their role and diversity in European woodland and tree habitats Proceedings of the 5th Symposium and Workshop on the Conservation of Saproxylic Beetles, pp. 161-176. © Pensoft Publishers Sofi a–Moscow Stag beetle (Lucanus cervus, (L., 1758), Lucanidae) urban behaviour Maria Fremlin 25 Ireton Road, Colchester CO3 3AT, UK. http://maria.fremlin.org. E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Th is paper describes a capture-mark-release study of stag beetles (Lucanus cervus, (L., 1758), Lucanidae) in a small region in an urban habitat, Colchester, UK, in 2007, monitoring behav- iour and mortality through the season. Females appeared after the males and were very scarce at fi rst, eliciting strong interest in the males; the fi rst females were found at a new ovipositing site and in an alleyway which acts as a natural trap. Female sightings gradually increased as the season progressed, with a corresponding decrease in interest from the males. Many beetles were recaptured, suggesting that some of them do not go very far. Among established gardens with some trees the stag beetles have been successful over many years. Keywords: Behaviour, capture-mark-release, mortality, saproxylic, sex ratio, sexual dimorphism INTRODUCTION Stag beetles (Lucanus cervus, (L., 1758), Lucanidae) are classifi ed as “Nationally Scarce Category B” and in the UK have received protection from sale under Schedule 5, Sec- tion 9(5) of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (Percy et al. 2000). Th eir range is mostly confi ned to southern England, especially the Th ames valley, north Essex, south Suff olk, south Hampshire and West Sussex.
    [Show full text]
  • Biodiversity and Coarse Woody Debris in Southern Forests Proceedings of the Workshop on Coarse Woody Debris in Southern Forests: Effects on Biodiversity
    Biodiversity and Coarse woody Debris in Southern Forests Proceedings of the Workshop on Coarse Woody Debris in Southern Forests: Effects on Biodiversity Athens, GA - October 18-20,1993 Biodiversity and Coarse Woody Debris in Southern Forests Proceedings of the Workhop on Coarse Woody Debris in Southern Forests: Effects on Biodiversity Athens, GA October 18-20,1993 Editors: James W. McMinn, USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Athens, GA, and D.A. Crossley, Jr., University of Georgia, Athens, GA Sponsored by: U.S. Department of Energy, Savannah River Site, and the USDA Forest Service, Savannah River Forest Station, Biodiversity Program, Aiken, SC Conducted by: USDA Forest Service, Southem Research Station, Asheville, NC, and University of Georgia, Institute of Ecology, Athens, GA Preface James W. McMinn and D. A. Crossley, Jr. Conservation of biodiversity is emerging as a major goal in The effects of CWD on biodiversity depend upon the management of forest ecosystems. The implied harvesting variables, distribution, and dynamics. This objective is the conservation of a full complement of native proceedings addresses the current state of knowledge about species and communities within the forest ecosystem. the influences of CWD on the biodiversity of various Effective implementation of conservation measures will groups of biota. Research priorities are identified for future require a broader knowledge of the dimensions of studies that should provide a basis for the conservation of biodiversity, the contributions of various ecosystem biodiversity when interacting with appropriate management components to those dimensions, and the impact of techniques. management practices. We thank John Blake, USDA Forest Service, Savannah In a workshop held in Athens, GA, October 18-20, 1993, River Forest Station, for encouragement and support we focused on an ecosystem component, coarse woody throughout the workshop process.
    [Show full text]
  • Invertebrates
    ' INVERTEBRATES Braconid wasp Invertebrates are animals without a backbone or skeleton mussels. Indirectly, humans benefit from invertebrates that containing bones. Invertebrates range in size from are essential food for fish, birds, and other vertebrates microscopic to 59 feet long and weighing nearly a ton, like that we harvest or simply enjoy watching. As pollinators the giant or colossal squids. While vertebrates – animals and decomposers, invertebrates are necessary for plant with a backbone – are better known, they are greatly reproduction and growth, and therefore provide food and outnumbered by invertebrates in species diversity and sheer sources of shelter, fuel, and medicine that we need to survive. abundance. Most living things are invertebrates with more than 1.25 million species globally. In Iowa, for example, ARTHROPODS there are more than 2,000 species of moths, while the most Arthropods have the greatest number of species among diverse group of Iowa vertebrates, birds, have only 300-400 all groups of invertebrates. Included in the arthropods species that live or migrate through our state. Invertebrates are several classes of familiar animals, including insects, are an incredibly diverse group of animals that can be found arachnids (spiders, mites, and ticks), crustaceans (lobsters, everywhere you might look in Iowa. crayfish, and shrimps), millipedes, and centipedes, all of Invertebrates are also important to our survival; we depend which have many species living in Iowa. Despite their on services these animals provide. Humans consume diversity, arthropods all share common characteristics that some invertebrates directly as food, like crayfish and distinguish them from other major groups of animals. Table 1: Five major taxonomic groups of invertebrates found in Iowa.
    [Show full text]
  • Bionomics and Distribution of the Stag Beetle, Lucanus Cervus (L.) Across Europe*
    Insect Conservation and Diversity (2011) 4, 23–38 Bionomics and distribution of the stag beetle, Lucanus cervus (L.) across Europe* DEBORAH J. HARVEY,1 ALAN C. GANGE,1 COLIN J. HAWES1 and 2 MARKUS RINK 1School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey, UK and 2Bad Bertricher Str. 4, 56859 Alf, Germany Abstract. 1. The European stag beetle, Lucanus cervus, is thought to be widely dis- tributed across its range, but a detailed description of its occurrence is lacking. 2. Researchers in 41 countries were contacted and information sought on various life history characteristics of the insect. Data on adult body size were collected from seven countries. 3. Habitat associations differ between the United Kingdom and mainland Europe. Larvae are most commonly associated with oak, but the duration of the larval stage and the number of instars varies by up to 100% across Europe. 4. Adult size also varies; beetles from Spain, Germany, and the Netherlands are larger than those from Belgium or the UK. In the former countries, populations are composed mainly of large individuals, while in the UK, the majority of individuals are relatively small. Allometric relations between mandible size and total body length differ in Germany compared with the rest of Europe. 5. Distribution maps of the insect, split into records pre- and post-1970, from 24 countries are presented. While these inevitably suffer from recorder bias, they indi- cate that in only two countries, Croatia and Slovakia, does the insect seem to be increasing in range. 6. Our data suggest that the insect may be in decline across Europe, most likely due to habitat loss, and that conservation plans need to be produced that focus on the biology of the insect in the local area.
    [Show full text]
  • Volume 43, Number 2 June 2016
    Wisconsin Entomological Society N e w s I e t t e r Volume 43, Number 2 June 2016 Snapshot: Entomologist Studying Moths said. at Bong Q. When did you get involved with Bong? By Kevin Poirier [email protected] A. About two years ago .... The first year there was so much diversity I didn't have enough time. We felt that we needed to get [Editor's Note-The following article was out here every three to five days. We started originally published on 18 October 2015 in doing that last year, and the diversity was as The Kenosha News. A copy was furnished good as we thought it would be. by WES member Stacy Stewart. It has been reproduced with the author's permission.] Q. Why do you need to be there that often? Steve Bransky has been collecting insects since the age of 8. A. Every three to five days the moth fauna changes. We know butterflies well; there are With a degree in entomology, he has 70 species of butterflies in the state of traveled the country collecting different Wisconsin. Moths, we estimate between moth species. 3,500 and 4,000 species. We don't know Bransk:y, of Grayslake, Ill., is working on a them well. Every year we are finding new moth survey at Bong State Recreational species in Wisconsin that have not been Area. found here before. "Steve's knowledge is astounding," Bong Q. What have you found at Bong? naturalist Beth Goeppinger said. "The fact A. Seven hundred and fifty species of moths that he chose our property is amazing!" [have been found] at Bong.
    [Show full text]