EMERGENCE: LABELLED AUTISTIC PDF, EPUB, EBOOK

Temple Grandin,Margaret M. Scariano | 208 pages | 01 Dec 1996 | Little, Brown & Company | 9780446671828 | English | New York, Supporting the Literacy Development of Students with | Reading Rockets

The study finds that genetics are an important cause for autism. The theory is debunked by comprehensive epidemiological studies and eventually retracted. Autism research and advocacy continues to build on these past events. In the last 20 years, researchers have identified nearly different genes and various environmental factors that contribute to autism risk. Today, those who are diagnosed have more options and access to information than ever before. Sign up for our Health Tip of the Day newsletter, and receive daily tips that will help you live your healthiest life. Evans B. How autism became autism: The radical transformation of a central concept of child development in Britain. Hist Human Sci. Posar A, Visconti P. Tribute to Grunya Efimovna Sukhareva, the woman who first described infantile autism. J Pediatr Neurosci. Silberman S. New York: Avery; Czech H. Mol Autism. The benefit of directly comparing autism and schizophrenia for revealing mechanisms of social cognitive impairment. J Neurodev Disord. Department of Education. Twenty-five years of progress in educating children with disabilities through IDEA. Updated July 19, Folstein S, Rutter M. Infantile autism: a genetic study of 21 twin pairs. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. Rao TS, Andrade C. The MMR vaccine and autism: Sensation, refutation, retraction, and fraud. Indian J Psychiatry. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Updated March 25, Gordon J. It also contains a large section on careers and jobs. This book is helpful for finding jobs and careers for fully verbal individuals on the spectrum. It gives real-life examples, pointing out the unique characteristics of individuals make them suitable for entrepreneurial ventures. Information is given on Vocational Rehab programs that provide job training and placement, as well as Social Security programs offering vocational assistance. Both Temple and Sean ultimately came to terms with the social world and found their places in it. However, their paths were quite different. Temple's logical mind controlled her social behavior. She interacted with many adults and other children, experiencing varied social situations. Logic informed her decision to obey social and avoid unpleasant consequences. Sean's emotions controlled his social behavior. Baffled by social rules, isolated and friendless, he made up his own, and applied them to others. When they inevitably broke his rules, he felt worthless and unloved. Fourteen individuals over the age of 50, who were never diagnosed as being on the , tell their stories. Successful individuals on the spectrum describe their experiences in their own words. Subjects such as being fully employed, being married and raising a family, having relationships, and friendships are described in their chapters. Getting a diagnosis later in life helped them understand the problems they encountered. Read the fantastic review by an Occupational Therapist! This book includes an extensive section on managing video game use and dealing with video game addiction. By building on their strengths, you can help your child get back to caring about their lives. GrandinThis is my first book and it has a forward by Oliver Sacks. Most people did not think that people with autism had inner lives. This book is written with easy rules for the child to follow to be a good person. There is practical advice to enable children on the autism spectrum to reach their full potential. Order on Amazon! Famous for her groundbreaking approach to decoding animal behavior, Dr. Grandin extends her expert guidance to small-scale farming operations. This book includes how herd animals think, their senses, fears, instincts, and memories and how to analyze their behavior. Detailed illustrations will help in set up of simple and efficient facilities for managing a small herd of 3 to 25 cattle or pigs, or 5 to goats or sheep. In this book I discuss how being a visual thinker gave me insights into animal behavior. The book will help you understand from the animals point of view why they act and react the way they do. This book covers the behavior of a wide range of animals with chapters on dogs, cats, pigs, poultry, cattle and wildlife. The emotional systems in the animals brain is broken down by species. In this book, basic behavioral principles of moving cattle such as the flight zone and the point of balance are explained. There are diagrams of handling facilities along with layouts for ranches, feedlots and meat plants. Chapters include assessing animal welfare, animal handling, euthanasia, behavior, transport and slaughter. The emphasis is on practical methods for implementing an effective animal welfare program. Twenty - three chapters on animal behavior, handling facility design, and transport. This book covers cattle, pigs, sheep, horses, and deer. It reviews the latest scientific studies and has contributions from specialists from the United Kingdom, Canada, the United States, Chile, Uruguay, Brazil, and Australia. - Books and DVDs

Two decades later, Sacks heard about a mature autistic woman who had seemingly done the impossible: written an autobiography. The book was called Emergence , and its author was a professor of animal science at Colorado State University named Temple Grandin. The notion that an adult could have autism — much less earn a graduate degree and a teaching post at a university, and become a leader in the field of industrial design — was still so new when the book was published in that Bernard Rimland, co-founder of the first association for the parents of autistic children in America, introduced Emergence as "the first book written by a recovered autistic individual. I started asking other designers to describe how they think, and they told me they could draw the layout for a meat-cutting line but couldn't make the conveyors move. I could make the conveyors move. She had a similar revelation when she asked a speech therapist what came into her mind after hearing the phrase church steeple. Grandin also noticed how many parents at autism conferences were gifted in technical fields. Dad was a computer programmer and Mom was a chemist. Both super-smart," she says. I started to think of autistic traits as being on a continuum. The more traits you had on both sides, the more you concentrated the genetics. Having a little bit of the traits gave you an advantage, but if you had too much, you ended up with very severe autism. The maker of the first stone spear, she observed, was likely a lone autistic at the back of the cave, perseverating over the subtle differences between various types of rocks — not one of the "yakkity yaks" chattering away in the firelight. Aware adults with autism and their parents are often angry about autism. They may ask why nature or God created such horrible conditions as autism, manic depression, and schizophrenia. However, if the genes that caused these conditions were eliminated there might be a terrible price to pay. It is possible that persons with bits of these traits are more creative, or possibly even geniuses. If science eliminated these genes, maybe the whole world would be taken over by accountants. Sacks' own views of autism were also evolving swiftly, informed by the insights of Lorna Wing, Uta Frith, and other cognitive psychologists in London who were reframing autism as a broad and diverse spectrum that includes both children and adults, instead of as the rare and monolithic form of "infantile" psychosis described by psychologists for 40 years. When he first read Emergence , however, he suspected that Grandin's co-author, Margaret Scariano, must have ghostwritten it. It seemed a contradiction in terms. She was clearly writing in her own voice. Before meeting Grandin, Sacks had spent the summer visiting camps for autistic kids and acquainting himself with a California couple he called the B. Upon meeting in college, Mr. As fellow Star Trek fans, they liked to say that they had beamed down on the transporter together. Both of their sons turned out to be autistic — one nonverbal and one with Asperger's syndrome — so they put up a trampoline in their backyard where the whole family could jump and flap their hands to their hearts' content. Their walls were emblazoned with surrealistic cartoons, their bookshelves were laden with science fiction, and notes posted in the kitchen offered meticulously explicit directions for cooking and setting the table. Sacks initially assumed that these detailed directives were an expression of the B. The B. But Sacks reported that they had come to feel that their autism, "while it may be seen as a medical condition, and pathologized as a syndrome, must also be seen as a whole mode of being, a deeply different mode or identity, one that needs to be conscious and proud of itself. Eager to observe Grandin in her native element, Sacks spent several days touring cattle farms and meatpacking plants that she helped design, sharing a meal of ribs and beer with her in a cowboy-themed restaurant, and visiting her at home, where he gamely climbed into her squeeze machine to try it out himself, finding a "sweet, calming" feeling in its mechanical embrace. They also took hikes together in the mountains, where he was impressed by her knowledge of the names of the local birds, plants, and rock formations, even if she seemed unimpressed by the feelings of sublimity and awe that they evoked in him. In turn, Grandin was amused to discover that the eminent neurologist was nearly as eccentric as she was. I probably saved his life. Their interactions made such a profound impression on Sacks that he ended up writing an in-depth profile of the lanky, gruff industrial designer that became the centerpiece of his next best-seller, An Anthropologist on Mars. After fifty years of case reports describing autistic people in terms befitting robots or "imbeciles," Sacks presented Grandin in the full breadth of her humanity — capable of joy, whimsy, tenderness, passion about her work, exuberance, longing, philosophical musing on her legacy, and sly subterfuge she smuggled him into a plant by giving him a hard hat and telling him to act like a sanitary engineer. He acknowledged the prevailing theory that autism is "foremost a disorder of affect, of empathy," but also explored her deep sense of kinship with other disabled people and with animals, whose fates she saw as intertwined in a society that views them both as less than human. She came to see her profound emotional connection with animals as essentially autistic, and crucial for her work. After the publication of An Anthropologist on Mars , Sacks's office was deluged with letters from readers who saw aspects of themselves, their relatives, or their coworkers in his descriptions of a mature person on the spectrum with a complex inner life. Soon, using tools for communication at a distance like the internet, autistic adults would start to build their own communities and launch a movement to demand acceptance from mainstream society, coining the term "" to celebrate the varieties of human cognitive styles and the contributions of people like Grandin to the evolution of technology and culture. In many ways, these developments were a logical evolution of the approach that Sacks took in his books. Reflecting back to his days on Ward 23, he told me that meeting George and Charles Finn was the first time that he realized that autism could convey special gifts as well as challenging deficits. The twins were the first enhanced autistic people I ever met. Oliver Sacks, the famed neurologist and author, died Sunday from cancer. Avery Books. One of the employees of the family also was named Mary, so Grandin was referred to by her middle name, Temple, to avoid confusion. Her father, Richard Grandin, died in California in Grandin is the eldest of four children and has three younger siblings: two sisters and a brother. Grandin has described one of her sisters as being dyslexic. Her younger sister is an artist, her other sister is a sculptor, and her brother is a banker. He intended to cut a deal with John D. Rockefeller in a meeting, but the latter kept him waiting too long so he walked out before Rockefeller arrived. Then the brothers went into banking and when Jay Cooke 's firm collapsed they received thousands of acres of undeveloped land in North Dakota as debt collateral. They set up wheat farming in the Red River Valley and housed the workers in dormitories. Although raised in the Episcopal Church, early on Temple Grandin gave up on a belief in a personal deity or intention in favor of what she considers a more scientific perspective. Grandin was never formally diagnosed with autism until her adulthood. After reviewing the checklist, Grandin's mother hypothesised that Grandin's symptoms were best explained by the disorder and was later determined to be an autistic savant , [12] [15] [16] [17] [18] but a formal diagnosis consistent with being on the autism spectrum was made only when Grandin was in her forties. Her mother, Eustacia, took Grandin to the world's leading special needs researchers at the Boston Children's Hospital , with the hope of unearthing an alternative to institutionalization. Grandin's mother eventually located a neurologist who suggested a trial of speech therapy. A speech therapist was hired and Grandin received personalized training from the age of two and a half. Grandin started kindergarten in Dedham Country Day School. Her teachers and class strove to create an environment to accommodate Grandin's needs and sensitivities. Grandin considers herself fortunate to have had supportive mentors from elementary school onward. Even so, Grandin states that junior high and high school were the most unpleasant times of her life. The medical advice at the time for a diagnosis of autism was to recommend institutionalization, a measure that caused a bitter rift of opinion between Grandin's parents. Grandin attended Beaver Country Day School from seventh grade to ninth grade. She was expelled at the age of 14 for throwing a book at a schoolmate who had taunted her. Grandin has described herself as the "nerdy kid" whom everyone ridiculed. She has described occasions when she walked down the hallways and her fellow students would taunt her by saying "tape recorder" because of her habit of repetitive speech. Grandin states, "I could laugh about it now, but back then it really hurt. The year after her expulsion, Grandin's parents divorced. Following her expulsion from Beaver Country Day School reports vary on the name of the school Grandin was expelled from, with Grandin noting it to be Cherry Falls Girls' School in her first book, Emergence: Labelled Autistic , Grandin's mother placed her in Mountain Country School now known as Hampshire Country School , a private boarding school in Rindge, New Hampshire , for children with behavioral problems. He became her mentor and helped significantly toward building up her self-confidence. It was Carlock who encouraged Grandin to develop her idea to build her hug box referred to as a " squeeze machine " by Grandin when she returned from her aunt's farm in Arizona in her senior year of high school. For example, when Grandin was facing criticism for her hug box at Franklin Pierce College , it was Carlock who suggested that Grandin undertake scientific experiments to evaluate the efficacy of the device. After she graduated from Mountain Country School in , Grandin went on to earn her bachelor's degree in human psychology from Franklin Pierce College in , a master's degree in animal science from Arizona State University in , and a doctoral degree in animal science from the University of Illinois at Urbana—Champaign in Grandin is a prominent and widely cited proponent for the humane treatment of livestock for slaughter. She is internationally famous as a spokesperson on autism as well. Steve Silberman in his book, NeuroTribes , wrote that Temple Grandin helped break down years of shame and stigma because she was one of the first adults to publicly disclose that she was autistic. Bernard Rimland , a father of a son with autism and author of the book, Infantile Autism , wrote the foreword to Grandin's first book Emergence: Labeled Autistic. Her book was published in Rimland wrote "Temple's ability to convey to the reader her innermost feelings and fears, coupled with her capacity for explaining mental processes will give the reader an insight into autism that very few have been able to achieve. In her later book, Thinking in Pictures , published in , the neurologist Oliver Sacks wrote at the end of the foreword that the book provided "a bridge between our world and hers, and allows us to glimpse into a quite other sort of mind. In her early writings, Grandin characterized herself as a recovered autistic and, in his foreword, Bernard Rimland used the term recovered autistic individual. In her later writings she has abandoned this characterization. Steve Silberman wrote, "It became obvious to her, however, that she was not recovered but had learned with great effort to adapt to the social norms of the people around her. When her book Thinking in Pictures was written in , Grandin thought that all individuals with autism thought in photographic-specific images the way she did. By the time the expanded edition was published in , she had realized that it had been wrong to presume that every person with autism processed information in the same way she did. In the edition, she wrote that there were three types of specialized thinking. They were: 1. Visual Thinkers like she is, who think in photographically-specific images. Music and Math Thinkers — who think in patterns and may be good at mathematics, chess, and programming computers. Verbal Logic Thinkers — who think in word details, and she noted that their favorite subject may be history. In one of her later books, The Autistic Brain: Thinking Across the Spectrum , the concept of three different types of thinking by autistic individuals is expanded. This book was published in An influential book that helped her to develop her concept of pattern thinking was Clara Claiborne Park 's book entitled, Exiting Nirvana: A Daughter's Life with Autism. It was published in The Autistic Brain also contains an extensive review of scientific studies that provide evidence that object-visual thinking is different from spatial-visualization abilities. Grandin became well-known beyond the American autistic community, after being described by Oliver Sacks in the title narrative of his book, An Anthropologist on Mars , for which he won a Polk Award. The title is derived from Grandin's characterization of how she feels around people. In the mids Grandin first spoke in public about autism at the request of Ruth C. Sullivan writes:. I first met Temple in the mids [at the] annual [ASA] conference. Standing on the periphery of the group was a tall young woman who was obviously interested in the discussions. She seemed shy and pleasant, but mostly she just listened. I learned her name was Temple Grandin. It wasn't until later in the week that I realized she was someone with autism. I approached her and asked if she'd be willing to speak at the next year's [ASA] conference. She agreed. The next year Temple first addressed an [ASA] audience. People were standing at least three deep. The audience couldn't get enough of her. Here, for the first time, was someone who could tell us from her own experience, what it was like to be extremely sound sensitive "like being tied to the rail and the train's coming". She was asked many questions: "Why does my son do so much spinning? There were tears in more than one set of eyes that day. Temple quickly became a much sought-after speaker in the autism community. Based on personal experience, Grandin advocates early intervention to address autism and supportive teachers, who can direct fixations of the child with autism in fruitful directions. She has described her hypersensitivity to noise and other sensory stimuli. She says words are her second language and that she thinks "totally in pictures", using her vast visual memory to translate information into a mental slideshow of images that may be manipulated or correlated. Grandin compares her memory to full-length movies in her head, that may be replayed at will, allowing her to notice small details. She also is able to view her memories using slightly different contexts by changing the positions of the lighting and shadows. As a proponent of neurodiversity , Grandin does not support eliminating autism genes or treating mildly-autistic individuals. She was one of the first scientists to report that animals are sensitive to visual distractions in handling facilities such as shadows, dangling chains, and other environmental details that most people do not notice. When she was awarded her Ph. Grandin expanded her theories in her book, Animals Make Us Human. In , she edited the first edition of Livestock Handling and Transport. Grandin wrote three chapters and included chapters from contributors from around the world. Subsequent editions of the book were published in , , and In her academic work as a professor at Colorado State University, her graduate student, Bridgett Voisinet, conducted one of the early studies that demonstrated that cattle who remained calm during handling, had higher weight gains. In , when the paper was published, this was a new concept. This paper presented the concept that an animal's previous experiences with handling could have an effect on how it will react to being handled in the future, as a new concept in the animal-handling industry. A major piece of equipment that Grandin developed was a center track double rail conveyor restrainer system for holding cattle during stunning at large beef slaughtering plants. The first system was installed in the mids for calves and a system for large beef cattle was developed in This equipment is now being used by many large meat companies. Grandin also developed an objective, numerical scoring system for assessing animal welfare at slaughtering plants. The use of this scoring system resulted in significant improvements in animal stunning and handling during slaughter. This work is described in "Objective scoring of animal handling and stunning practices in slaughter plants", Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association , Vol. In , Grandin published Humane Livestock Handling [29] with contributions by Mark Deesing, a long time collaborator with her. The book contains a review of the main aspects of cattle behavior and provides a visual guide in the form of construction plans and diagrams for the implementation of Grandin's ideas relating to humane livestock handling. Grandin is the author or co-author of more than 60 peer-reviewed scientific papers on a variety of other animal behavior subjects. Some of the other subjects are: the effect of hair whorl position on cattle behavior, the influence of stress prior to slaughter upon meat quality, religious slaughter, mothering behavior of beef cows, cattle temperament, and causes of bruising. Grandin has lectured widely about her first-hand experiences of the anxiety of feeling threatened by everything in her surroundings, and of being dismissed and feared, which motivates her work in humane livestock handling processes. She studied the behavior of cattle, how they react to ranchers, movements, objects, and light. Grandin then designed curved corrals she adapted with the intention of reducing stress, panic, and injury in animals being led to slaughter. This has proved to be a further point of criticism and controversy among animal activists who have questioned the congruence of a career built on animal slaughter alongside Grandin's claims of compassion and respect for animals. While her designs are widely used throughout the slaughterhouse industry, her claim of compassion for the animals is that because of her autism she can see the animals' reality from their viewpoint, that when she holds an animal's head in her hands as it is being slaughtered, she feels a deep connection to them. Her business website promotes improvement of standards for slaughterhouses and livestock farms. One of her notable essays about animal welfare is, "Animals Are Not Things", [33] in which she posits that technically, animals are property in society, but the law ultimately gives them ethical protections or rights. She compares the properties and rights of owning cattle, versus owning screwdrivers, enumerating how both may be used to serve human purposes in many ways, but when it comes to inflicting pain, there is a vital distinction between such "properties", because legally, a person can smash or grind up a screwdriver, but cannot torture an animal. Her insight into the minds of cattle has taught her to value the changes in details to which animals are particularly sensitive and to use her visualization skills to design thoughtful and humane animal-handling equipment. In , when the American beef industry was struggling with public perception of its use and sale of pink slime , Grandin spoke out in support of the food product. She said, "It should be on the market. It should be labeled. We should not be throwing away that much beef. Grandin's work has attracted the attention of philosophers interested in the moral status of animals. One view found in the academic literature is that Grandin's method of slaughter is a significant positive development for animals, but her attempts to formulate a moral defense of meat-eating have been less successful. I think using animals for food is an ethical thing to do, but we've got to do it right. We've got to give those animals a decent life, and we've got to give them a painless death. We owe the animals respect. Grandin says that "the part of other people that has emotional relationships is not part of me", and she has neither married nor had children. She later stated, for example, that she preferred the science fiction , documentary , and thriller genre of films and television shows to more dramatic or romantic ones. Beyond her work in animal science and welfare and autism rights, her interests include horseback riding , science fiction , movies , and biochemistry. She has noted in her autobiographical works that autism affects every aspect of her life. Grandin has to wear comfortable clothes to counteract her sensory processing disorder and has structured her lifestyle to avoid sensory overload. She regularly takes antidepressants , but no longer uses a squeeze-box hug machine , the device she invented at the age of 18 as a form of stress relief therapy, [23] stating in February that: "It broke two years ago, and I never got around to fixing it. I'm into hugging people now. In , Grandin was named in the Time list of the one hundred most influential people in the world, in the "Heroes" category. In , Grandin was awarded the Ashoka Fellowship. In , Grandin was inducted into the Texas Trail of Fame. The film was broadcast on February 6, Grandin was featured in Beautiful Minds: A Voyage Into the Brain , a documentary produced in by colourfield tell-a-vision, a German company. She was named one of 's one hundred most influential people in the world by Time magazine. Asperger and Autism Spectrum: Women and Girls – The Asperger / Autism Network (AANE)

Females with Asperger profiles may perceive their sexuality in varied ways. Due to the numerous taboos around discussion of sexuality among women, females with Asperger profiles rarely have forums for explicit conversation about this topic. Sensory sensitivities can be particularly challenging for females with Asperger profiles. Women with Autism Spectrum diagnoses are frequently put on medications with side effects that lead to reduced sexual arousal. This may lead to more Asperger women perceiving themselves as asexual. Despite their challenges, many women with Asperger profiles are very successful at parenting. One woman with an Autism Spectrum difference stated that she has more vivid memories of her childhood than her peers and consequently is better able to relate with her child. That said, women with Asperger profiles might struggle with the many executive functioning tasks required of a parent. In addition, women with Asperger profiles may become especially challenged when their children become adolescents, whose social interactions become the primary foci of their lives. They may also feel that parenting with a disability is extremely stigmatized. Parents with Asperger profiles may need support from family, friends, and professionals for help with these challenges. Personal account of a woman with an Asperger Profile. If you want to learn more, there are now a number of beautifully written, informative books by and about women with AS or Autism that address a range of topics:. Learn how AANE can help Common Experiences Women with Asperger profiles are less likely to be diagnosed and more likely to be misdiagnosed for a number of reasons. As a young girl, she may know that she is different, noticing that her interests veer away from those of her peers. She may prefer having only one or two friends, or to play in solitude, having an appreciation of and focus on specific interests. She might demonstrate an aversion to what is popular, what is feminine, or what is fashionable. Sensitive to textures, she might prefer to wear comfortable, practical clothing. She might appear naive or immature, as she is out of sync with the trends or the social norms. She might show different sides of her personality in different settings. At home, she might be more prone to releasing her bottled up emotions through meltdowns. She might be exhausted from the work of deciphering social rules or of imitating those around her to hide her differences. She might be anxious in settings where she is asked to perform in social situations. This could lead to mutism, escapism, or a focus on routines and rituals. Specific Interests Frequently, women with Asperger profiles, like neurodiverse men, have intense special interests; however, these special interests can follow different sets of themes. Stigma While many people have fought long and hard to ensure universally accepted gender equality, boys and girls are still often socialized differently in our modern culture. Other Related Mental Health Concerns Women with Asperger profiles can experience co-occurring mood disorders and often internalize feelings of frustration and failure. Sexuality Females with Asperger profiles may perceive their sexuality in varied ways. Motherhood Despite their challenges, many women with Asperger profiles are very successful at parenting. Although raised in the Episcopal Church, early on Temple Grandin gave up on a belief in a personal deity or intention in favor of what she considers a more scientific perspective. Grandin was never formally diagnosed with autism until her adulthood. After reviewing the checklist, Grandin's mother hypothesised that Grandin's symptoms were best explained by the disorder and was later determined to be an autistic savant , [12] [15] [16] [17] [18] but a formal diagnosis consistent with being on the autism spectrum was made only when Grandin was in her forties. Her mother, Eustacia, took Grandin to the world's leading special needs researchers at the Boston Children's Hospital , with the hope of unearthing an alternative to institutionalization. Grandin's mother eventually located a neurologist who suggested a trial of speech therapy. A speech therapist was hired and Grandin received personalized training from the age of two and a half. Grandin started kindergarten in Dedham Country Day School. Her teachers and class strove to create an environment to accommodate Grandin's needs and sensitivities. Grandin considers herself fortunate to have had supportive mentors from elementary school onward. Even so, Grandin states that junior high and high school were the most unpleasant times of her life. The medical advice at the time for a diagnosis of autism was to recommend institutionalization, a measure that caused a bitter rift of opinion between Grandin's parents. Grandin attended Beaver Country Day School from seventh grade to ninth grade. She was expelled at the age of 14 for throwing a book at a schoolmate who had taunted her. Grandin has described herself as the "nerdy kid" whom everyone ridiculed. She has described occasions when she walked down the hallways and her fellow students would taunt her by saying "tape recorder" because of her habit of repetitive speech. Grandin states, "I could laugh about it now, but back then it really hurt. The year after her expulsion, Grandin's parents divorced. Following her expulsion from Beaver Country Day School reports vary on the name of the school Grandin was expelled from, with Grandin noting it to be Cherry Falls Girls' School in her first book, Emergence: Labelled Autistic , Grandin's mother placed her in Mountain Country School now known as Hampshire Country School , a private boarding school in Rindge, New Hampshire , for children with behavioral problems. He became her mentor and helped significantly toward building up her self-confidence. It was Carlock who encouraged Grandin to develop her idea to build her hug box referred to as a " squeeze machine " by Grandin when she returned from her aunt's farm in Arizona in her senior year of high school. For example, when Grandin was facing criticism for her hug box at Franklin Pierce College , it was Carlock who suggested that Grandin undertake scientific experiments to evaluate the efficacy of the device. After she graduated from Mountain Country School in , Grandin went on to earn her bachelor's degree in human psychology from Franklin Pierce College in , a master's degree in animal science from Arizona State University in , and a doctoral degree in animal science from the University of Illinois at Urbana—Champaign in Grandin is a prominent and widely cited proponent for the humane treatment of livestock for slaughter. She is internationally famous as a spokesperson on autism as well. Steve Silberman in his book, NeuroTribes , wrote that Temple Grandin helped break down years of shame and stigma because she was one of the first adults to publicly disclose that she was autistic. Bernard Rimland , a father of a son with autism and author of the book, Infantile Autism , wrote the foreword to Grandin's first book Emergence: Labeled Autistic. Her book was published in Rimland wrote "Temple's ability to convey to the reader her innermost feelings and fears, coupled with her capacity for explaining mental processes will give the reader an insight into autism that very few have been able to achieve. In her later book, Thinking in Pictures , published in , the neurologist Oliver Sacks wrote at the end of the foreword that the book provided "a bridge between our world and hers, and allows us to glimpse into a quite other sort of mind. In her early writings, Grandin characterized herself as a recovered autistic and, in his foreword, Bernard Rimland used the term recovered autistic individual. In her later writings she has abandoned this characterization. Steve Silberman wrote, "It became obvious to her, however, that she was not recovered but had learned with great effort to adapt to the social norms of the people around her. When her book Thinking in Pictures was written in , Grandin thought that all individuals with autism thought in photographic-specific images the way she did. By the time the expanded edition was published in , she had realized that it had been wrong to presume that every person with autism processed information in the same way she did. In the edition, she wrote that there were three types of specialized thinking. They were: 1. Visual Thinkers like she is, who think in photographically-specific images. Music and Math Thinkers — who think in patterns and may be good at mathematics, chess, and programming computers. Verbal Logic Thinkers — who think in word details, and she noted that their favorite subject may be history. In one of her later books, The Autistic Brain: Thinking Across the Spectrum , the concept of three different types of thinking by autistic individuals is expanded. This book was published in An influential book that helped her to develop her concept of pattern thinking was Clara Claiborne Park 's book entitled, Exiting Nirvana: A Daughter's Life with Autism. It was published in The Autistic Brain also contains an extensive review of scientific studies that provide evidence that object-visual thinking is different from spatial-visualization abilities. Grandin became well-known beyond the American autistic community, after being described by Oliver Sacks in the title narrative of his book, An Anthropologist on Mars , for which he won a Polk Award. The title is derived from Grandin's characterization of how she feels around neurotypical people. In the mids Grandin first spoke in public about autism at the request of Ruth C. Sullivan writes:. I first met Temple in the mids [at the] annual [ASA] conference. Standing on the periphery of the group was a tall young woman who was obviously interested in the discussions. She seemed shy and pleasant, but mostly she just listened. I learned her name was Temple Grandin. It wasn't until later in the week that I realized she was someone with autism. I approached her and asked if she'd be willing to speak at the next year's [ASA] conference. She agreed. The next year Temple first addressed an [ASA] audience. People were standing at least three deep. The audience couldn't get enough of her. Here, for the first time, was someone who could tell us from her own experience, what it was like to be extremely sound sensitive "like being tied to the rail and the train's coming". She was asked many questions: "Why does my son do so much spinning? There were tears in more than one set of eyes that day. Temple quickly became a much sought-after speaker in the autism community. Based on personal experience, Grandin advocates early intervention to address autism and supportive teachers, who can direct fixations of the child with autism in fruitful directions. She has described her hypersensitivity to noise and other sensory stimuli. She says words are her second language and that she thinks "totally in pictures", using her vast visual memory to translate information into a mental slideshow of images that may be manipulated or correlated. Grandin compares her memory to full-length movies in her head, that may be replayed at will, allowing her to notice small details. She also is able to view her memories using slightly different contexts by changing the positions of the lighting and shadows. As a proponent of neurodiversity , Grandin does not support eliminating autism genes or treating mildly-autistic individuals. She was one of the first scientists to report that animals are sensitive to visual distractions in handling facilities such as shadows, dangling chains, and other environmental details that most people do not notice. When she was awarded her Ph. Grandin expanded her theories in her book, Animals Make Us Human. In , she edited the first edition of Livestock Handling and Transport. Grandin wrote three chapters and included chapters from contributors from around the world. Subsequent editions of the book were published in , , and In her academic work as a professor at Colorado State University, her graduate student, Bridgett Voisinet, conducted one of the early studies that demonstrated that cattle who remained calm during handling, had higher weight gains. In , when the paper was published, this was a new concept. This paper presented the concept that an animal's previous experiences with handling could have an effect on how it will react to being handled in the future, as a new concept in the animal-handling industry. A major piece of equipment that Grandin developed was a center track double rail conveyor restrainer system for holding cattle during stunning at large beef slaughtering plants. The first system was installed in the mids for calves and a system for large beef cattle was developed in This equipment is now being used by many large meat companies. Grandin also developed an objective, numerical scoring system for assessing animal welfare at slaughtering plants. The use of this scoring system resulted in significant improvements in animal stunning and handling during slaughter. This work is described in "Objective scoring of animal handling and stunning practices in slaughter plants", Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association , Vol. In , Grandin published Humane Livestock Handling [29] with contributions by Mark Deesing, a long time collaborator with her. The book contains a review of the main aspects of cattle behavior and provides a visual guide in the form of construction plans and diagrams for the implementation of Grandin's ideas relating to humane livestock handling. Life behind glass: A personal account of autism spectrum disorder. Philadelphia, PA: Jessica Kingsley. Willey, L. Supporting the Literacy Development of Students with Autism. Adapted from: P. Kluth You're going to love this kid: Teaching students with autism in the inclusive classroom. Baltimore: Brookes Publishing. Target the Problem! Pinpoint the problem a struggling reader is having and how to help. Reading Interventions Watch one-on-one reading support in action with K-3 students. FAQs Questions about reading, writing, dyslexia and more. Author Interviews Meet your favorite authors and illustrators in our video interviews. Book Finder Create your own booklists from our library of 5, books! Themed Booklists Dozens of carefully selected booklists, for kids years old. Nonfiction for Kids Tips on finding great books, reading nonfiction and more. Skip to main content. You are here Home. By: Paula Kluth. Expanding the invitation to include all learners: Ideas for inclusive classrooms I have found success using the following strategies with some students with the label of autism. Use Visuals While students with autism may undoubtedly benefit from verbal instruction, some also require an additional avenue of input as they learn. Write It Down Graphics are not the only way to clarify speech and communicate more effectively with students with autism; the written word can also be used as a visual support. Wendy Lawson , a woman with autism, provides insight on why one is easier than the other: I find the written word much easier to comprehend than the spoken word. Integrate instruction across the day When Bob, one of my former students, came to school on the first day of September his classroom teacher, Ms. Read Aloud Almost every teacher, elementary or secondary, shares a book or some passage from a text with students during the school week. Offer multiple texts A common myth related to teaching students with autism is that these learners lack imagination and, therefore, do not appreciate works of fiction. Kenneth Hall , a young man with Asperger's syndrome, who is a huge Harry Potter fan, resists this idea and insists that he and many others with Asperger's love their fiction: "Some people say AS [] kids prefer to read factual books. Consider the words of Liane Holliday Willey , a woman with Asperger's syndrome: "By around eight years old, I had become a very proficient comprehender as well as word caller. Conclusion Too often students who do not follow a typical developmental sequence of literacy are seen as being unable to profit from academic instruction related to reading, writing, speaking, and listening. References References Click the "References" link above to hide these references. Blau, L. Instructor, , Grandin, T. Emergence: Labeled autistic. Navato, CA: Arena Press. Hall, K. Asperger syndrome, the universe and everything. Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley. Mukhopadhyay, T. Beyond the silence. London: The National Autistic Society. Shore, S. Behind the wall. Williams, D. . New York: Avon. References Blau, L. Reprints For any reprint requests, please contact the author or publisher listed. Related Topics Autism and Aspergers. Differentiated Instruction. Add comment You must have JavaScript enabled to use this form.

How Oliver Sacks Helped Introduce The World To Autism

George would utter a string of digits, and Charles would turn them over in his mind and nod; then Charles would reply in similar fashion, and George would smile approvingly. In a case history published twenty years later in The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat , Sacks wrote that the brothers called John and Michael in the book looked like "two connoisseurs wine-tasting, sharing rare tastes, rare appreciations. He added that he felt a special kinship with the Finns because he had "a thing for numbers" himself. Upon consulting a book of mathematical tables at home, he was shocked to discover that the twins were instantaneously calculating six-digit prime numbers, a feat that even a computer would have found difficult to pull off at the time. The next time he visited the twins, he made sure to bring his book of tables along, so he could raise the bar by casually dropping an eight-digit prime into the conversation. Surprised and delighted, the Finns invited him to join in their ethereal exchange, seeing him and raising him with even longer primes. Yet George and Charles were incapable of performing simple multiplication, reading, or even tying their own shoes. A ward attendant openly referred to him as an "idiot" and said that he was unable to comprehend language and rudimentary concepts like the passage of time. The neurologist was astonished by what happened next:. And otherwise there was an odd mixture of close, even obsessive, accuracy, with curious and, I felt, droll elaborations and variations. Like his drawing of my watch, his images of dandelions and other things had feeling as well as great accuracy. He started taking them for walks in the New York Botanical Garden, invited them to join him at the pool table in the day room, and brought in his own piano to entertain them with music. They might keep time; they would smile; they might dance; they might sing," he said. On one of his walks with patients in the botanical garden, Sacks saw a boy named Steve pick a flower, gaze at it, and say the first word that any of the doctors in the hospital had ever heard him say: "Dandelion. Using his acute powers of observation, Sacks came to realize that, instead of being incommunicative, his patients were communicating all the time — not in words, but in gestures and other nonverbal forms of utterance, particularly among themselves. He wrote an essay called "Culture and Community among Mental Defectives" for the hospital journal to make his colleagues more aware of the subtle forms of interaction unfolding all around them. But his days on the ward were numbered once he started raising objections to the brutal forms of behavior modification employed there, which were all the rage in state hospitals and other custodial-care facilities in the s, and were euphemistically known as "therapeutic punishment" among the staff at Bronx Psychiatric. Straitjackets were common, and "uncooperative" patients were left in isolation rooms for days to sit in their own waste. Later that week, a hospital administrator transferred him off the ward. The day after Sacks was forced to leave, Steve escaped the hospital and climbed onto the Throgs Neck Bridge, intending to leap into the East River. Luckily, he was rescued before he could jump. In the weeks that followed, Sacks consoled himself by writing his first book: a collection of case histories that he called Ward In a fit of self-doubt, however, he tossed his only copy of the manuscript into the fireplace. That night, he had a vivid dream of hearing passages of melancholy vocal music in German, a language that he didn't understand. These unwelcome melodies continued playing loudly in his mind throughout the following day. After hearing Sacks hum a few bars over the phone, a friend identified the score as Mahler's Kindertotenlieder — songs of mourning for dead children. Two decades later, Sacks heard about a mature autistic woman who had seemingly done the impossible: written an autobiography. The book was called Emergence , and its author was a professor of animal science at Colorado State University named Temple Grandin. The notion that an adult could have autism — much less earn a graduate degree and a teaching post at a university, and become a leader in the field of industrial design — was still so new when the book was published in that Bernard Rimland, co-founder of the first association for the parents of autistic children in America, introduced Emergence as "the first book written by a recovered autistic individual. I started asking other designers to describe how they think, and they told me they could draw the layout for a meat-cutting line but couldn't make the conveyors move. I could make the conveyors move. She had a similar revelation when she asked a speech therapist what came into her mind after hearing the phrase church steeple. Grandin also noticed how many parents at autism conferences were gifted in technical fields. Dad was a computer programmer and Mom was a chemist. Both super-smart," she says. I started to think of autistic traits as being on a continuum. The more traits you had on both sides, the more you concentrated the genetics. Having a little bit of the traits gave you an advantage, but if you had too much, you ended up with very severe autism. The maker of the first stone spear, she observed, was likely a lone autistic at the back of the cave, perseverating over the subtle differences between various types of rocks — not one of the "yakkity yaks" chattering away in the firelight. Aware adults with autism and their parents are often angry about autism. They may ask why nature or God created such horrible conditions as autism, manic depression, and schizophrenia. However, if the genes that caused these conditions were eliminated there might be a terrible price to pay. It is possible that persons with bits of these traits are more creative, or possibly even geniuses. If science eliminated these genes, maybe the whole world would be taken over by accountants. Sacks' own views of autism were also evolving swiftly, informed by the insights of Lorna Wing, Uta Frith, and other cognitive psychologists in London who were reframing autism as a broad and diverse spectrum that includes both children and adults, instead of as the rare and monolithic form of "infantile" psychosis described by psychologists for 40 years. It was Carlock who encouraged Grandin to develop her idea to build her hug box referred to as a " squeeze machine " by Grandin when she returned from her aunt's farm in Arizona in her senior year of high school. For example, when Grandin was facing criticism for her hug box at Franklin Pierce College , it was Carlock who suggested that Grandin undertake scientific experiments to evaluate the efficacy of the device. After she graduated from Mountain Country School in , Grandin went on to earn her bachelor's degree in human psychology from Franklin Pierce College in , a master's degree in animal science from Arizona State University in , and a doctoral degree in animal science from the University of Illinois at Urbana—Champaign in Grandin is a prominent and widely cited proponent for the humane treatment of livestock for slaughter. She is internationally famous as a spokesperson on autism as well. Steve Silberman in his book, NeuroTribes , wrote that Temple Grandin helped break down years of shame and stigma because she was one of the first adults to publicly disclose that she was autistic. Bernard Rimland , a father of a son with autism and author of the book, Infantile Autism , wrote the foreword to Grandin's first book Emergence: Labeled Autistic. Her book was published in Rimland wrote "Temple's ability to convey to the reader her innermost feelings and fears, coupled with her capacity for explaining mental processes will give the reader an insight into autism that very few have been able to achieve. In her later book, Thinking in Pictures , published in , the neurologist Oliver Sacks wrote at the end of the foreword that the book provided "a bridge between our world and hers, and allows us to glimpse into a quite other sort of mind. In her early writings, Grandin characterized herself as a recovered autistic and, in his foreword, Bernard Rimland used the term recovered autistic individual. In her later writings she has abandoned this characterization. Steve Silberman wrote, "It became obvious to her, however, that she was not recovered but had learned with great effort to adapt to the social norms of the people around her. When her book Thinking in Pictures was written in , Grandin thought that all individuals with autism thought in photographic-specific images the way she did. By the time the expanded edition was published in , she had realized that it had been wrong to presume that every person with autism processed information in the same way she did. In the edition, she wrote that there were three types of specialized thinking. They were: 1. Visual Thinkers like she is, who think in photographically-specific images. Music and Math Thinkers — who think in patterns and may be good at mathematics, chess, and programming computers. Verbal Logic Thinkers — who think in word details, and she noted that their favorite subject may be history. In one of her later books, The Autistic Brain: Thinking Across the Spectrum , the concept of three different types of thinking by autistic individuals is expanded. This book was published in An influential book that helped her to develop her concept of pattern thinking was Clara Claiborne Park 's book entitled, Exiting Nirvana: A Daughter's Life with Autism. It was published in The Autistic Brain also contains an extensive review of scientific studies that provide evidence that object-visual thinking is different from spatial-visualization abilities. Grandin became well-known beyond the American autistic community, after being described by Oliver Sacks in the title narrative of his book, An Anthropologist on Mars , for which he won a Polk Award. The title is derived from Grandin's characterization of how she feels around neurotypical people. In the mids Grandin first spoke in public about autism at the request of Ruth C. Sullivan writes:. I first met Temple in the mids [at the] annual [ASA] conference. Standing on the periphery of the group was a tall young woman who was obviously interested in the discussions. She seemed shy and pleasant, but mostly she just listened. I learned her name was Temple Grandin. It wasn't until later in the week that I realized she was someone with autism. I approached her and asked if she'd be willing to speak at the next year's [ASA] conference. She agreed. The next year Temple first addressed an [ASA] audience. People were standing at least three deep. The audience couldn't get enough of her. Here, for the first time, was someone who could tell us from her own experience, what it was like to be extremely sound sensitive "like being tied to the rail and the train's coming". She was asked many questions: "Why does my son do so much spinning? There were tears in more than one set of eyes that day. Temple quickly became a much sought-after speaker in the autism community. Based on personal experience, Grandin advocates early intervention to address autism and supportive teachers, who can direct fixations of the child with autism in fruitful directions. She has described her hypersensitivity to noise and other sensory stimuli. She says words are her second language and that she thinks "totally in pictures", using her vast visual memory to translate information into a mental slideshow of images that may be manipulated or correlated. Grandin compares her memory to full-length movies in her head, that may be replayed at will, allowing her to notice small details. She also is able to view her memories using slightly different contexts by changing the positions of the lighting and shadows. As a proponent of neurodiversity , Grandin does not support eliminating autism genes or treating mildly-autistic individuals. She was one of the first scientists to report that animals are sensitive to visual distractions in handling facilities such as shadows, dangling chains, and other environmental details that most people do not notice. When she was awarded her Ph. Grandin expanded her theories in her book, Animals Make Us Human. In , she edited the first edition of Livestock Handling and Transport. Grandin wrote three chapters and included chapters from contributors from around the world. Subsequent editions of the book were published in , , and In her academic work as a professor at Colorado State University, her graduate student, Bridgett Voisinet, conducted one of the early studies that demonstrated that cattle who remained calm during handling, had higher weight gains. In , when the paper was published, this was a new concept. This paper presented the concept that an animal's previous experiences with handling could have an effect on how it will react to being handled in the future, as a new concept in the animal-handling industry. A major piece of equipment that Grandin developed was a center track double rail conveyor restrainer system for holding cattle during stunning at large beef slaughtering plants. The first system was installed in the mids for calves and a system for large beef cattle was developed in This equipment is now being used by many large meat companies. Grandin also developed an objective, numerical scoring system for assessing animal welfare at slaughtering plants. The use of this scoring system resulted in significant improvements in animal stunning and handling during slaughter. This work is described in "Objective scoring of animal handling and stunning practices in slaughter plants", Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association , Vol. In , Grandin published Humane Livestock Handling [29] with contributions by Mark Deesing, a long time collaborator with her. The book contains a review of the main aspects of cattle behavior and provides a visual guide in the form of construction plans and diagrams for the implementation of Grandin's ideas relating to humane livestock handling. Grandin is the author or co-author of more than 60 peer-reviewed scientific papers on a variety of other animal behavior subjects. Some of the other subjects are: the effect of hair whorl position on cattle behavior, the influence of stress prior to slaughter upon meat quality, religious slaughter, mothering behavior of beef cows, cattle temperament, and causes of bruising. Grandin has lectured widely about her first-hand experiences of the anxiety of feeling threatened by everything in her surroundings, and of being dismissed and feared, which motivates her work in humane livestock handling processes. She studied the behavior of cattle, how they react to ranchers, movements, objects, and light. Grandin then designed curved corrals she adapted with the intention of reducing stress, panic, and injury in animals being led to slaughter. This has proved to be a further point of criticism and controversy among animal activists who have questioned the congruence of a career built on animal slaughter alongside Grandin's claims of compassion and respect for animals. While her designs are widely used throughout the slaughterhouse industry, her claim of compassion for the animals is that because of her autism she can see the animals' reality from their viewpoint, that when she holds an animal's head in her hands as it is being slaughtered, she feels a deep connection to them. Her business website promotes improvement of standards for slaughterhouses and livestock farms. One of her notable essays about animal welfare is, "Animals Are Not Things", [33] in which she posits that technically, animals are property in society, but the law ultimately gives them ethical protections or rights. She compares the properties and rights of owning cattle, versus owning screwdrivers, enumerating how both may be used to serve human purposes in many ways, but when it comes to inflicting pain, there is a vital distinction between such "properties", because legally, a person can smash or grind up a screwdriver, but cannot torture an animal. Her insight into the minds of cattle has taught her to value the changes in details to which animals are particularly sensitive and to use her visualization skills to design thoughtful and humane animal-handling equipment. In , when the American beef industry was struggling with public perception of its use and sale of pink slime , Grandin spoke out in support of the food product. She said, "It should be on the market. It should be labeled. We should not be throwing away that much beef. Grandin's work has attracted the attention of philosophers interested in the moral status of animals. One view found in the academic literature is that Grandin's method of slaughter is a significant positive development for animals, but her attempts to formulate a moral defense of meat-eating have been less successful. I think using animals for food is an ethical thing to do, but we've got to do it right. We've got to give those animals a decent life, and we've got to give them a painless death. We owe the animals respect. Grandin says that "the part of other people that has emotional relationships is not part of me", and she has neither married nor had children. She later stated, for example, that she preferred the science fiction , documentary , and thriller genre of films and television shows to more dramatic or romantic ones. Beyond her work in animal science and welfare and autism rights, her interests include horseback riding , science fiction , movies , and biochemistry. She has noted in her autobiographical works that autism affects every aspect of her life. Grandin has to wear comfortable clothes to counteract her sensory processing disorder and has structured her lifestyle to avoid sensory overload. She regularly takes antidepressants , but no longer uses a squeeze-box hug machine , the device she invented at the age of 18 as a form of stress relief therapy, [23] stating in February that: "It broke two years ago, and I never got around to fixing it. I'm into hugging people now. In , Grandin was named in the Time list of the one hundred most influential people in the world, in the "Heroes" category. In , Grandin was awarded the Ashoka Fellowship. In , Grandin was inducted into the Texas Trail of Fame. The film was broadcast on February 6, Grandin was featured in Beautiful Minds: A Voyage Into the Brain , a documentary produced in by colourfield tell-a-vision, a German company. She was named one of 's one hundred most influential people in the world by Time magazine. In , Grandin was featured in the documentary This Business of Autism , which explored autism employment and the success story of autism employers such as Spectrum Designs Foundation and was produced by Mesh Omnimedia. She also was interviewed by Michael Pollan in his best-selling book, The Omnivore's Dilemma , [56] in which she discussed the livestock industry. In , Grandin was profiled in the book Rescuing Ladybugs [57] by author and animal advocate Jennifer Skiff as a "global hero" for "standing her ground and fighting for change after witnessing the extreme mistreatment of animals" used in farming. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. American doctor of veterinary science, author, and autism activist. Mary Temple Grandin [1]. Boston , Massachusetts , U. Livestock industry consultancy Autism rights activism. Animal science autism rights. Bodily autonomy Disability rights movement movement Neurodiversity paradigm Self-advocacy. Citizen Autistic Loving Lampposts Neurotypical film. Houghton Mifflin Books for Children. Retrieved April 14, Future Horizons. Autism Research Institute. The New York Times. January 15, State Historical Society of North Dakota. An anthropologist on Mars: Seven paradoxical tales. Emergence: Labeled Autistic. Grand Central Publishing. January 2, The Autistic Brain. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Simons Foundation. Smithsonian Institution. Springer Nature. Discover Magazine.

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