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The History of Incense Many and I Mean Many Years Ago, Someone Somewhere (Presumably a Caveman) Needed to Keep the Flame Going in His Fire Pit
The History of Incense Many and I mean many years ago, someone somewhere (presumably a caveman) needed to keep the flame going in his fire pit. So, in quickness he grabbed anything he could. Amongst the sticks, there were various leaves and woodland debris. Hastily, he threw all of his findings into the fire. The aroma that swirled all around him was quickly intoxicating. The earliest form of incense was born. A new sensation was started. Since the beginning of time incense has played a significant role in the human existence. Ever since the beneficial invention of fire, mankind has found that many materials release an odor when burnt, some very pleasing, and others not so much. These aromatic scents often accentuate the senses. Some experts believe that the burning of items such as cedar, berries, roots, and resins gave us our first true incense. Incense relics that are thousands of years old have actually been found all over the world. So, it is pretty safe to bet that incense has been a part of many different cultures for a very long time. It is because of this information that the exact origin of incense cannot be traced. The basics of incense are really quite simple. It is a combination of aromatic elements and a heat source. Incense has always had ties to the religious and medical aspects of various cultures, and still does today. The name Incense is actually derived for the Latin verb incendere, meaning to burn. Incense is believed to be an essential element in any offerings made to the gods. -
Cannabis, Synthetic Cannabinoids, and Psychosis Risk: What the Evidence Says
Cannabis, synthetic cannabinoids, and psychosis risk: What the evidence says Research suggests marijuana may be a ‘component cause’ of psychosis ver the past 50 years, anecdotal reports link- Oing cannabis sativa (marijuana) and psychosis have been steadily accumulating, giving rise to the notion of “cannabis psychosis.” Despite this his- toric connection, marijuana often is regarded as a “soft drug” with few harmful effects. However, this benign view is now being revised, along with mounting re- search demonstrating a clear association between can- nabis and psychosis. In this article, I review evidence on marijuana’s im- pact on the risk of developing psychotic disorders, as well as the potential contributions of “medical” mari- juana and other legally available products containing synthetic cannabinoids to psychosis risk. © IKON IMAGES/CORBIS Cannabis use and psychosis Joseph M. Pierre, MD Cannabis use has a largely deleterious effect on pa- Co-Chief, Schizophrenia Treatment Unit VA West Los Angeles Healthcare Center tients with psychotic disorders, and typically is as- Health Sciences Associate Clinical Professor sociated with relapse, poor treatment adherence, and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences worsening psychotic symptoms.1,2 There is, however, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles, CA evidence that some patients with schizophrenia might benefit from treatment with cannabidiol, 3-5 another constituent of marijuana, as well as delta-9-tetrahydro- cannabinol (Δ-9-THC), the principle psychoactive con- stituent of cannabis.6,7 The acute psychotic potential of cannabis has been demonstrated by studies that documented psychotic symptoms (eg, hallucinations, paranoid delusions, derealization) in a dose-dependent manner among Current Psychiatry healthy volunteers administered Δ-9-THC under ex - Vol. -
Sandalwood Incense Sticks, Nag Champa Incense Sticks
+91-8048763857 Padma Perfumery Works https://www.padmarudraksh7.com/ We are indulged into manufacturing and exporting of Incense Sticks. The incense sticks have a soothing fragrance and are mainly used in the worship of God and other ritual activities. About Us Incorporated in the year of 1954, we, Padma Perfumery Work are counted amongst one of the trusted exporter and manufacture of Perfumed Incense Sticks. In our range we also provide quality assured premium array of Frangipani Incense Sticks, Sandalwood Incense Sticks, Nag Champa Incense Sticks, . The incense gives pleasant and sensory experience and is available in different types of fragrances. Also, their quality touches the remarkable standards as we make them using best quality raw materials. All our work is executed as per the set industrial norms. In addition to, we have years of experience in the domain and today we are capable to deliver bulk quantities of top grade incense products. These products are highly demanded by the construction industries due to their unmatched quality, aromatic fragrance and natural composition. Furthermore, we have built a high-tech infrastructural facility where this ranges of incense sticks are made by using latest machines & finest quality production standards. Similarly, we are acknowledged in the market for our supreme quality incense sticks that also have therapeutic benefits. We appreciate the feedback of our customer’s and apply their thoughts in our business process for the improvement of our facilities. The entire processing of products is done under the guidance of experts by following all the latest market trends. We are backed by a team of well educated professionals that work day.. -
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Talismans protect and grant us power; they are private prayers we hold close and whisper to in the dark. We wash them in tears. In times of shadow lo v e t h em , and ash they remind us we are protect them safe and loved, guided and sacred. -------------------- and they will love Talismans Collezione Preziosa is a collection of perfumed extracts worn as fetish and armour. and protect Imbued with spirit, dark and deepest love, you on return, halo and perfumed divinity. like a prayer… Worn on skin, close and intimate, they ward off affliction, mischief and harm. Naples, the City of San Gennaro is the motherlode the fertile genesis of Talismans Collezione Preziosa. A city both sacred and profane where a blood miracle is a miracle of love. Choose your protection. In the ancient shadow of rumbling Vesuvius, From The Fool and Journeyman of the Major Arcana, the earth sleeps and mutters a dream of the sea’s embryonic embrace, darkly in dreams of fire-painted skies and embers. the yearning vastness of a nebulous cosmos Odours of ash, incineration and the miraculous resurrection of holy blood. and portent fill centuries of uncertainty. There is a talisman to protect and love you. Precious talismans are needed Alex Musgrave to protect us now more than ever. (The Silver Fox) for Talismans Supplication and miracles, prayers and incantations for divine scented skin. Odours of confrontation and beauty to comfort our precious souls. Talismans Collezione Preziosa. Perfumes of fate and desire. “Every man is a divinity in disguise, a god playing the fool.” Ralph Waldo Emerson A perfume of divination and tarotology. -
The Iconography, Magic, and Ritual of Egyptian Incense
Studia Antiqua Volume 7 Number 1 Article 8 April 2009 An "Odor of Sanctity": The Iconography, Magic, and Ritual of Egyptian Incense Elliott Wise Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/studiaantiqua Part of the History Commons BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Wise, Elliott. "An "Odor of Sanctity": The Iconography, Magic, and Ritual of Egyptian Incense." Studia Antiqua 7, no. 1 (2009). https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/studiaantiqua/vol7/iss1/8 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Studia Antiqua by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. AN “ODOR OF SANCTITY”: THE ICONOGRAPHY, MAGIC, AND RITUAL OF EGYPTIAN INCENSE Elliott Wise ragrance has permeated the land and culture of Egypt for millennia. Early Fgraves dug into the hot sand still contain traces of resin, sweet-smelling lotus flowers blossom along the Nile, Coptic priests swing censers to purify their altars, and modern perfumeries export all over the world.1 The numerous reliefs and papyri depicting fumigation ceremonies attest to the central role incense played in ancient Egypt. Art and ceremonies reverenced it as the embodi- ment of life and an aromatic manifestation of the gods. The pharaohs cultivated incense trees and imported expensive resins from the land of Punt to satisfy the needs of Egypt’s prolific temples and tombs. The rise of Christianity in the first century ce temporarily censored incense, but before long Orthodox clerics began celebrating the liturgy in clouds of fragrant smoke. -
2015 Incense Conference: Culture of Incense
2015 Incense Conference: Culture of Incense (Selective) English summary of “Han Dynasty Incense Archaeological Discoveries” (漢代出土薰器具形制) Talk given by Liu Hai Wang (劉海旺) (Henan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology) 1 May 2015 Translation by Joanne Ng The tradition of incense and aromatics in China The tradition of incense has been a part of the lives of Chinese people for more than a thousand years. As mentioned in ancient literature, the Chinese have been using aromatic plants in their daily lives since the Yellow Emperor. According to the text Xiang Cheng1 《香 乘》, incense was used by Huangdi 黃帝 to classify the ministers who were working for him. The different uses of aromatics: Insect prevention: According to experimentation conducted in the Zhou Dynasty, aromatics can be used to ward off mosquitos and pests; they also help to improve the air quality and to purify the air indoors. Seasoning and ingredients for making alcoholic drinks: aromatics such as curcuma were usually involved in the process of making alcohol. These alcoholic drinks were served in rituals, banquets and other important events. The aromatics were also used as condiments, to season food, to improve taste and provide flavoring. Mortuary objects: Aromatics were usually found near the tombs of the rich, the nobility (e.g. the emperor), and warriors. For example, 2Chinese prickly ashes 花椒 were found in abundance in the tomb of Lady Meng Ji 黄君夫人孟姬; Chinese prickly ashes were also found in ten beautiful bronze boxes in the tomb of Lady Ju Yu 句敔夫人; prickly ashes were also placed inside a medical bag in the tomb of Changsha Ma Wang 長沙馬 王. -
My Faith Is Not a Magic Charm, Like Garlic to Chase Away Vampires. It Is
ABBOTT MEMORIAL PRESBYTERIAN DECEMBER 13, 2020 My faith is not a magic charm, like garlic to chase away vampires. It is, instead, what sustains me in the midst of all the normal joys and tragedies of the ordinary human life. It is faith that helps my grief to be creative, not destructive.... It is faith that what happens to me matters to God as well as to me that gives me joy, that promises me that I am eternally the subject of God’s compassion, and that assures me that the compassion was manifested most brilliantly when God came to us in a stable in Bethlehem. - Madeleine L’Engle, The Rock that is Higher To those joining us on line today…THANK YOU! We are made to worship together, but we find ourselves living in a particular and unprecedented moment that has not touched American lives in generations. The good news is that while we are made to worship God together, we do not need to be in a particular place to meet with God. So I hope you have gathered together with your housemates, family, and maybe a couple others. God is present with us at all times, and He delights to meet with you today regardless of where you are or how many people you are with. We seek to offer this service as an encouragement to you amid these difficult times. We look forward to worshiping together again, breaking bread and giving hugs to one another. You are missed. As an encouragement to others, please take a picture of your home gathering, post it to social media with the hashtag #abbottchurchathome and tag us on Instagram @abbottchurchbaltimore NEED PRAYER? From 12:00 PM until 1:00 PM, Monday through Friday, someone will be available to pray for anyone in need of prayer. -
Survey and Emission of Chemical Substances from Incense
Survey of chemical substances in consumer products no. 39, 2004 Survey and emission of chemical substances from incense Torben Eggert Ole Christian Hansen Danish Technological Institute 2 Contents PREFACE 5 SAMMENFATNING OG KONKLUSIONER 6 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 8 1 INTRODUCTION 10 1.1 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 10 1.2 USE 11 1.3 USE TYPES 11 1.4 USE METHOD 12 1.5 TARGET GROUPS 12 2 SURVEY 14 2.1 AMOUNT 14 2.2 SAMPLED TYPES 15 3 MEASURING AND CHEMICAL ANALYSES 16 3.1 QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS (SCREENING) 16 3.2 QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS 17 3.2.1 Measuring programme 17 4 HEALTH ASSESSMENT 22 4.1 EVALUATION BASIS 22 4.1.1 Method 23 4.1.2 Evaluation methodology 24 5 EVALUATION OF THE EMISSION 28 6 SUBSTANCE EVALUATIONS 35 6.1 ALDEHYDES 35 6.1.1 Acetaldehyde 36 6.1.2 Acrolein 40 6.1.3 Formaldehyde 43 6.1.4 Furfural 47 6.2 AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS 49 6.2.1 Benzene 49 6.2.2 Styrene 53 6.2.3 Toluene 57 6.2.4 Xylene 60 6.3 OTHER AROMATICS (AND BENZYL DERIVATIVES) 63 6.3.1 Benzofuran 63 6.3.2 4,4-Diamine-3,3-dimethyl-1,1-biphenyl (4,4'-bi-o-toluidine) 66 6.3.3 2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol 68 6.3.4 Vanillin 70 6.4 TERPENOIDS 73 6.4.1 alpha-Terpineol 75 6.4.2 3,7-Dimethyl-7-octen-2-ol 78 6.5 SUMMARY 81 3 7 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION 83 7.1 DISCUSSION 83 7.2 CONCLUSION 86 8 REFERENCES 87 Appendix A List of substances found in qualitative analyses for each incense Appendix B List of substances found in quantitative analyses, CAS no. -
Approved Street Tree Species List and Planting Guide
Approved Street Tree List and Planting Guide PlantingGreen Infrastructure, Guide Urban Forestry Last Updated: September 15, 2020 Foreword Citizens of Eugene, The purpose of this document is to assist you in the most important planting consideration – the right tree in the right location. The decision you make today will help shape the character of Eugene’s tree lined neighborhood streets for decades to come. It matters. The information in this guide is the culmination of the latest research available coupled with the many years of municipal forestry experience that our team and our partners possess. We have worked with citizens, nursery professionals, local tree planting contractors and other municipalities to bring you what we consider the most comprehensive list in the Pacific Northwest. Our mission is “to maximize the social, economic and environmental benefits of Eugene’s urban forest and to minimize its costs and liabilities by means of adaptive management and community engagement.” We set out to create a street tree list that aligned with this mission. To accomplish this, we considered a number of things. We sought trees that have the ability to withstand changes in climate, have few known pest or disease problems, hold up well in storms and are not known to cause excessive debris or infrastructure damage. We also wanted trees that are readily available locally and that are hardy and easy to establish. Further, we wanted trees that provide ecological services that enhance the livability of Eugene, improve water quality, supply flowers for pollinators, habitat for birds and mammals and a shade producing canopy to offset the urban heat island effect. -
Oman and Japan
Oman and Japan Unknown Cultural Exchange between the two countries Haruo Endo Oman and Japan and Endo Oman Haruo Haruo Endo This book is basically a translation of the Japanese edition of “Oman Kenbunroku; Unknown cultural exchange between the two countries” Publisher: Haruo Endo Cover design: Mr Toshikazu Tamiya, D2 Design House © Prof. Haruo Endo/Muscat Printing Press, Muscat, Oman 2012 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise) without the written permission of the copyright owners. Oman and Japan Unknown Cultural Exchange between the two countries Haruo Endo Haruo Endo (b.1933), Oman Expert, author of “Oman Today” , “The Arabian Peninsula” , “Records of Oman” and Japanese translator of “A Reformer on the Throne- Sultan Qaboos bin Said Al Said”. Awarded the Order of HM Sultan Qaboos for Culture, Science and Art (1st Class) in 2007. Preface In 2004, I was requested to give a lecture in Muscat to commemorate the 30th anniversary of the establishment of the Oman-Japan Friendship Association, sponsored jointly by the Oman-Japan Friendship Association, Muscat Municipality, the Historical Association of Oman and the Embassy of Japan. It was an unexpected honour for me to be given such an opportunity. The subject of the lecture was “History of Exchange between Japan and Oman”. After I had started on my preparation, I learned that there was no significant literature on this subject. I searched for materials from scratch. I then organized the materials relating to the history of human exchange, the development of trade since the Meiji period (1868-1912) and the cultural exchanges between both countries. -
Rare Cedar Aloeswood
Rare Cedar Aloeswood 茶人: Liang Zun Zhi / 梁俊智 f the many types of incense This Aloeswood was produced in “Six itary, established schools to teach the in the world, Aloeswood is Countries (六國)” and became a reli- arts of incense, tea and flower arrang- the king. And among the able source for a quality Aloeswood ing. These three “Ways of Elegance” O th many varieties of Aloeswood, Rare incense product. From the 17 cen- (雅道), initiated a spectacular culture Cedar (奇楠) is the highest quality, tury on, the reference to the “Six of incense across in Japan. The Japa- thought they are all produced in sim- Countries” of Aloeswood was no lon- nese tea ceremony is conducted with ilar ways. There is an ancient saying: ger used, but the characteristic “Five rigorously strict procedures and care- “A piece of Rare Cedar incense from Flavors (五味)” of the six places was fully studied etiquette. The purpose Champa (a kingdom in southern Viet- still used to distinguish Aloeswood. of the rigidity is to create ceremonial nam) is worth more than ten thousand The Six Countries and Five Flavors space, baptizing the conscience and pieces of gold.” chart became the standard for evaluat- achieving a state of refined spirit. After the Yuan Dynasty (1279– ing Aloeswood. The incense ceremony During the Warring States period in 1368 C.E.) practising the Way of and Buddhism spread together, reach- Japan (15th–17th centuries), incense Incense decreased precipitously ing Japan in the 6th century. During studies were supported by the shoguns in China. The Japanese, how- the Japanese Muromachi (室町) and samurai, who believed the ritual ever, discovered a new location for period (1333–1573 C.E.), the eighth would bring peace and calm, as well Aloeswood production via trade with shogun, Ashikaga Yoshimasa (足利 as purification in troubled times. -
Lafcadio Hearn in Ghostly Japan
LAFCADIO HEARN IN GHOSTLY JAPAN 2008 – All rights reserved Non commercial use permitted In Ghostly Japan Fragment And it was at the hour of sunset that they came to the foot of the mountain. There was in that place no sign of life,--neither token of water, nor trace of plant, nor shadow of flying bird,-- nothing but desolation rising to desolation. And the summit was lost in heaven. Then the Bodhisattva said to his young companion:--"What you have asked to see will be shown to you. But the place of the Vision is far; and the way is rude. Follow after me, and do not fear: strength will be given you." Twilight gloomed about them as they climbed. There was no beaten path, nor any mark of former human visitation; and the way was over an endless heaping of tumbled fragments that rolled or turned beneath the foot. Sometimes a mass dislodged would clatter down with hollow echoings;--sometimes the substance trodden would burst like an empty shell....Stars pointed and thrilled; and the darkness deepened. "Do not fear, my son," said the Bodhisattva, guiding: "danger there is none, though the way be grim." Under the stars they climbed,--fast, fast,--mounting by help of power superhuman. High zones of mist they passed; and they saw below them, ever widening as they climbed, a soundless flood of cloud, like the tide of a milky sea. Hour after hour they climbed;--and forms invisible yielded to their tread with dull soft crashings;--and faint cold fires lighted and died at every breaking.