Reflections on History and Contemporary Challenges Rather Than Attempting to Lecture Encouraged Religious Issues

Division for Late Medieval APRIL 2016 T H E U N I V E R S I T Y O F A R I Z O N A and Reformation Studies NONPROFIT ORG Douglass 315 US POSTAGE PAID PO Box 210028 TUCSON ARIZONA Tucson AZ 85721-0028 PERMIT NO. 190

T H E D I V I S I O N F O R L A T E M E D I E V A L A N D R E F O R M A T I O N S T U D I E S VOL. 24, NO 1 “… the premier place for Reformation studies” —Lyndal Roper, Regius Professor of Modern History, University of Oxford

A Word from the Oberman Chair A SEMI-ANNUAL Reflections on History and NEWSLETTER OF THE DIVISION FOR Contemporary Challenges LATE MEDIEVAL AND REFORMATION by Ute Lotz-Heumann, Heiko A. Oberman Professor STUDIES

uring the Late Middle strike us as very different from Founded in 1989 by V O L 20 , N O 1 Ages and the our own. Heiko A. Oberman (1930-2001), Reformation period, And yet, as Douglas Adams, Regents’ Professor of History people did not look to the science fiction author, has the future in the same written: "The past is ... truly like way as we do today. Our idea of a foreign country. They do Director and Regents’ the future as progress, things exactly the same there." Professor of History: welcomed as something new Incidentally, he also remarked: Susan C. Karant-Nunn and full of potential, is largely a "Human beings, who are almost Heiko A. Oberman Professor: I N S I D E creation of the Enlightenment. unique in having the ability to Ute Lotz-Heumann In the Reformation era, one learn from the experience of looked to the past, notably early others, are also remarkable for Program Coordinator, Sr.: An Informal Sabbatical Report 2 Christianity, as an age of purity their disinclination to do so." Luise Betterton which needed to be recreated. When we think about the past in Donald Weinstein, Historian of Civic Returning to the pure, original general and the Reformation Religion 3 state of the Church was a era in particular, we will find paramount idea, as was the many problems and questions Town and Gown perception that one's own times that plagued contemporaries of Associated Faculty: Lecture: The Alan E. Bernstein, Emeritus Reformation in were "the Last Days." Judging the sixteenth century that Print 5 Pia F. Cuneo UA Division for Late Medieval and Reformation Studies • Alumni the present by constantly somehow sound familiar to us. Peter W. Foley Looking for Traces looking back at history (which And even though these issues David L. Graizbord Robert J. Bast (PhD 1993) John Frymire (PhD 2001) Patrick D. Meeks (MA 2013) of Anabaptists in University of Tennessee, Knoxville University of Missouri Zurich 6 could then serve as "life's were undoubtedly not the same Paul Milliman Tod Meinke (MA 2008) teacher"—"historia magistra as today, I would venture to say Helen Nader, Emerita James Blakeley (PhD 2006) Andrew C. Gow (PhD 1993) Data Architect, MAP Healthcare Management, St. Joseph’s College, New York University of Alberta, Edmonton Austin News 7 vitae") was combined with the that they are still instructive for Cynthia White

Curtis V. Bostick (PhD 1993) Brad S. Gregory (MA 1989) Michael D. Milway (PhD 1997) idea of an apocalyptic future. us to study because they shed Southern Utah University University of Notre Dame "The past is a foreign country: light on contemporary Board of Advisors: Amy M. Newhouse (PhD 2015) Richard Duffield, Chair Michael W. Bruening (PhD 2002) J. Derek Halvorson (MA 1998) Lone Star College, Houston, Texas they do things differently challenges. "History is life's Luise Betterton Missouri University of Science & Technology President, Covenant College there"—this now proverbial Jonathan Reid (PhD 2001) teacher" after all, even if today Stanley Feldman Paul A. Buehler (PhD 2015) Brandon Hartley (PhD 2007) East Carolina University quote by the novelist L.P. we believe more in future Wasatch Academy, Mt. Pleasant, Utah Sandy Hatfield Robert J. Christman (PhD 2004) Joshua Rosenthal (PhD 2005) Hartley certainly applies here. progress rather than in harking Jennifer Carrell Helenbolt Luther College, Iowa Sigrun Haude (PhD 1993) This kind of thinking is foreign to back to the past as a model to John Leech University of Cincinnati Hayley R. Rucker (MA 2012) Victoria Christman (PhD 2005) us today, and it is a powerful emulate. Ute Lotz-Heumann Luther College, Iowa Daniel Jones (MA 2011) Eric Leland Saak (PhD 1993) Indiana University – Purdue University reminder that the world and To whet your appetite for the Hester Oberman Sean E. Clark (PhD 2013) Julie H. Kang (PhD 2010) Indianapolis people's outlook on the world Division's program to Toetie Oberman Head of School, BASIS, Flagstaff Helen Schaefer Benjamin Kulas (MA 2005) Han Song (MA 2002) have changed dramatically over commemorate the Protestant Thomas A. Donlan (PhD 2011) Middlesex School, Brookside Capital, Boston the last 500 years. When we Reformation next year, I want to John Schaefer Brophy College Preparatory, Concord, Massachusetts Danielle Thu Phoenix, Arizona J. Jeffery Tyler (PhD 1995) commemorate the 500th give you just a few examples of Nicole Kuropka (MA 1997) Hope College, Michigan Adam Asher Duker (MA 2009) Privatdozentin at Wupperthal/Bethel Seminary anniversary of the Protestant Reformation history’s ability to The University of Arizona Joel Van Amberg (PhD 2004) Douglass Building 315 Peter A. Dykema (PhD 1998) Marjory E. Lange (PhD minor, 1993) Tusculum College, Tennessee Reformation in 2017, many illuminate current questions and PO Box 210028 Arkansas Tech University Western Oregon University concerns of early modern problems. Atilla Vékony (MA 1998) Tucson AZ 85721 Elizabeth M. Ellis-Marino (PhD 2015) Scott M. Manetsch (PhD 1997) Wheatmark, Inc. contemporaries—from Luther, (520) 621-1284 Trinity Evangelical Divinity School Calvin, and Zwingli down to the Fax/ (520) 626-5444 http://dlmrs.web.arizona.edu Please visit us online at: dlmrs.web.arizona.edu common man and woman—will Continued on page 4 DESERT HARVEST T U C S O N, A R I Z O N A T U C S O N, A R I Z O N A DESERT HARVEST

Division News

Congratulations An Informal Sabbatical Report Professor Paul Milliman, Associate Department of History where Adam Bonikowske, Division doctoral Professor in the Department of History he will occupy the Abdulhadi H. by Susan Karant-Nunn, Director and Regents’ Professor of History student, won travel grants from the and associated faculty of the Division, Taher Chair in Comparative Department of History and the Graduate saw the publication of his article, Religious History and serve as and Professional Student Council “Games and Pastimes,” in the the Director of the new (GPSC) to attend last October’s “Handbook of Medieval Culture,” vol. 1, Religious Studies Program. meetings of the Sixteenth Century edited by Albrecht Classen (Berlin, Society and Conference in Vancouver, 2015). He was invited to take part in the Professor Andrew Gow, University of British Columbia. He has been awarded hank you, University of Luther’s invocation of his aspect of my sabbatical leave— panel “Portraits of Rus’ and Its Alberta, together with Jeremy Fradkin a Pre-Dissertation Research Grant by Neighbors” at the 47th Annual recently published an article entitled Arizona! Thank you, State conscience at the 1521 Diet of leaving aside a Thanksgiving the Social and Behavioral Sciences Convention of the Association for Slavic, “Protestantism and Non-Christian of Arizona! At a time when Worms is what citizens of the vacation with family in Spain— Research Institute, which will enable East European, and Eurasian Studies Religions” in “The Oxford Handbook of the academic profession is Western democracies have felt has been witnessing Germany’s him to make a preliminary foray into (ASEEES) in Philadelphia last Protestant Reformations,” edited by German archives over the summer in under scrutiny for activities most attracted to because it can and Chancellor Angela Merkel’s November. His presentation was about Ulinka Rublack (Oxford, online 2015). pursuit of material for his dissertation on King Władysław Jagiełło of Poland as …should people that are not instruction, service, readily be tailored to fit our coming to terms with the “A Reformation Culture of Refusal: the legendary inventor of bigos, a Professor Marjory Lange, Western today care about a or directly applicable research, I belief in freedom of expression. throngs of refugees from war Anabaptist Men in Sixteenth-Century hunter's stew and national dish of Oregon University, recently published am especially grateful to have Luther declared before the Holy who are pressing upon the Europe.” Poland. At the Tucson Balkan Peace her chapter, “Mediating a Presence: Support Group's May 2015 meeting, Rhetorical and Narrative Strategies in non-conformist received a year-long sabbatical Roman Emperor, “Unless I am country’s borders. The outcome Kristen Coan, Division doctoral student, contradicted by the testimony of held at the Arizona Inn, he gave an the Vita Prima I,” in “Unity of Spirit: Augustinian friar of leave to study a bygone era. I is, of course, not yet known, but won second place in the graduate invited talk on medieval and early Studies on William of Saint-Thierry in know what a treasure this is! Scripture or by the insights of the press reports that this single section of the Community and Society modern western European perceptions Honor of E. Rozanne Elder,” edited by Apart from writing dozens of rational argument—I believe nation has admitted over one category of the University of Arizona of eastern Europe. F. Tyler Sergent, Aage Rydstrom- half a millennium Student Showcase for her project “A letters of reference, I have been neither the pope nor the million Syrians, Iraqis, and Poulsen, and Marsha L. Dutton, Community in Exile: The English Annie Morphew, Division master’s (Collegeville, MN, 2015). In the spring ago… at liberty to read, reflect, and councils alone, for it is certain others forced by violence out of Refugee Congregation at Geneva, student, took part this spring in the she presented two papers: “The write—up to this date eight that they have often erred and their homelands. This is a tall 1555-1560.” It resulted from the work workshop, “The Turn to Religion: Rhetorical Politics of Early Cistercian essays and chapters, for a total been in conflict with one order, one on which only the she completed in fall 2015 for the Women and Writing in Early Modern Hagiography” at the Medieval Division Seminar, Hist. 696F, taught by of over 200 pages (including another—I am compelled by the Germans themselves and other England,” at the Newberry Center for Association of the Pacific (MAP), in Professor Ute Lotz-Heumann. Utilizing Renaissance Studies in Chicago. Davis, California; and “‘Who do you say two shorter ones for other words of Scripture that I have members of the European the case study of the English refugee that I am?’: Aelred’s Patterns of purposes). I have two more cited. As long as my conscience Union should comment publicly. community in early modern Geneva, she Alumni Reference when Naming Christ” at the chapters to write in the next two is held captive by God’s Words, Here in Berlin, myriad identities explored the historical exile experience. Cistercian Studies Conference at the I will retract nothing; for it is Professor Michael Bruening, Missouri International Medieval Congress in months, and then a book will and backgrounds are visible on Activities of Faculty and Graduate unsafe and threatening to University of Science and Technology, Kalamazoo, Michigan. almost certainly emerge out of the streets. May they all be Students has been awarded a Fulbright U.S.

this year’s labors. salvation to act against one’s compassionate toward one Scholar grant for research in Paris Professor Joel Van Amberg, A book about what? About conscience. God help me, another and live together in Professor David Graizbord, Associate during the 2016 fall semester. He will be Tusculum College, has been promoted Professor of Judaic Studies and Division Martin Luther. Many people’s Amen!”1 (He may well not have peace! associated with the Centre Roland to the rank of full professor. He currently associated faculty, spoke in February on Mousnier at the Paris-Sorbonne serves as Chair of the Department of attention has been turning to said, “Here I stand, I can do no Berlin is an exciting city with “What Does Israel Mean to Young University. History. him of late, as we face in 2017 other!”) We treasure our endless cultural opportunities. American Zionists? Notes from On- the 500th anniversary of the individual liberties, and in So far we have visited nine Going Research” in The Sally and Ralph Professor Robert Christman, Duchin Campus Lecture Series. The beginning of the Protestant today’s culture, Luther can be museums and been to the Luther College, has received a lecture derived from his current research six-month Humboldt Research Reformation in Germany. The interpreted as a champion of opera three times. Last and book manuscript, tentatively Fellowship for question will arise in our ever our right to freedom of speech. weekend we went with friends entitled, “The New Zionists: Jewish Experienced Researchers to more secular world, why people Should we understand him in to Bertolt Brecht’s own theater, National Identity and Israel among further his study for the project this way? American Jews of Generation Y.” entitled “The Reformed today should care about a non- the Berliner Ensemble, and saw Cultural historians, like Ute Augustinians of Lower conformist Augustinian friar of his brief play, “Die Gewehre Professor Susan Karant-Nunn, Germany and the Dynamics of half a millennium ago. The Lotz-Heumann and me, insist von Frau Carrar” (“The Division Director, is in Berlin where she the Early Reformation.” Division will contemplate this on viewing the past, as much as Weapons of Mrs. Carrar”), is spending her sabbatical year engaged Together with his family, he will in research for her new book. She question in a series of forums we are able with our about the Spanish Civil War. be in Münster, Germany, until recently saw the publication of her July 2016. during 2017. Could such a inescapably presentist eyes, in Despite all these sources of essay, “The Reformation of Liturgy,” in distant person have helped to its own terms. And so, in the satisfaction, I do look forward to “The Oxford Handbook of Protestant Dr. Thomas Donlan, Brophy shape our world, either for the coming year, she and I will be seeing you when I return to Reformations,” edited by Ulinka Rublack College Preparatory, presented (Oxford, online 2015). positive or for the negative? His looking to see whether we can Tucson in August. I would a paper, “Francis de Sales’ Reform of the Militant Catholic values, we recall, did not always view the Reformation greatly enjoy hearing your own Ute Lotz-Heumann, Heiko A. Oberman Imagination,” at the Patristic, coincide with our own. He movement as, over all, an news. At that time, I shall have Professor and Acting Director of the Medieval, and Renaissance would, I should note, heartily influence upon modern values. to file a formal sabbatical report Division for the 2015/16 academic year, Conference at Villanova gave a paper entitled “Anglo-American disapprove of my career as a We hope you will join us in this with the College of Social and University last November. and German Historiographical Traditions woman, and surely with my examination. One place in Behavioral Sciences. It will look in Reformation Research” at a Adam Duker, M.A. 2009 and examination of him as a person which I shall do so will be a quite different from the one I conference on “Multiple Reformations: currently pursuing the and theologian. Humanities Seminar next have made to you here. The Heidelberg-Notre Dame Colloquies doctorate at the University of on the Legacies of the Reformation, I have written a chapter called spring. Notre Dame, intends to defend Colloquium I: The Many Faces of the his dissertation this July. He will

“Martin Luther’s Conscience.” The second-most valuable Reformation” at the University of Notre subsequently join the American Dame Global Gateway in Rome in University in Cairo as an Kristen Coan at the Student Showcase March. Assistant Professor in the 1 WA Schriften 7, “Verhandlungen mit D. Martin Luther auf dem Reichstage zu Worms 1521,” p. 838, which, however, adds Credit: Chris Howard the contested closing words, “Ich kan nicht anderst, hie stehe ich. Got helff mir, Amen.” Cf. p. 886. 2 7 DESERT HARVEST T U C S O N , A R I Z O N A T U C S O N , A R I Z O N A DESERT HARVEST

Looking for Traces of Anabaptists in Zurich Donald Weinstein, Historian of Civic Religion

by David Neufeld, doctoral student by Alan E. Bernstein, Emeritus Professor of History

onald Weinstein, Society” moved the study of here is a cave in the straight through town, found our one of the saints’ lives away from the hills behind Bäretswil, a path, and started climbing pioneering postwar exclusive terrain of village that lies a few towards the cave. Pretty soon American historians hagiographers and devotees miles inland from the thereafter, we wandered astray. who made the into the mainstream of historical eastern bank of The landmarks weren’t familiar, Italian Renaissance a premier inquiry. Returning to Savonarola Lake Zurich. Tradition holds fences and fields blocked our area of study, died in Tucson, almost 20 years after his that, more than four centuries path, and the sun began to set. Arizona, on December 13 at retirement, Weinstein examined ago, local Anabaptists— Although our objective was not age 89. At the time he wrote, the evolution of the religious peasants and craftspeople distant, we hadn’t quite reached historians generally viewed the thinker become political leader whose biblical understanding it yet. David Neufeld in the reading fourteenth through the sixteenth in a 2011 biography led them to baptize adults and In some ways, my experience room of the Staatsarchiv in centuries as the birth of modern “Savonarola: The Rise and Fall establish religious communities of archival research in Zurich Credit: Gina Martinez Europe through the re-birth of of a Renaissance Prophet.” separate from the Reformed Switzerland during the 2015- secular thinking. Under the Savonarola believed, Weinstein church—regularly met there, 2016 academic year mirrors this familiar surroundings, I have influence of Jacob Burckhardt, says, “he was leading Florence attempting to avoid the attention visit to the Täuferhöhle. When I been obliged to find my own they saw—in the art of Botticelli, to the New Jerusalem, but he Donald Weinstein of secular and church officials arrived at the Staatsarchiv way. This is the exciting, if Leonardo, and Michelangelo, was also traveling a path of Credit: Vista Michael who punished their activities. (State Archive) in Zurich last sometimes scary, nature of and in the writings of increasing fanaticism that could The experience of these September, I had come dissertation research, in which Machiavelli—a return of ancient only take him to desperation, dissident commoners is the prepared. Long participation in United States to escape the one seeks to contribute cultural influences that were delusion, and disaster. Still, it is subject of my doctoral Professor Karant-Nunn’s New Tsar’s armies. Weinstein something new to our shared classical, humanistic, even unhelpful to dismiss Savonarola dissertation. Thus, on a High German and paleography himself, born and raised in understanding of the past. pagan. In a groundbreaking as a fanatic or a charlatan; this weekend last fall when the workshop meant I could read Rochester, NY, joined the army Thankfully, I have been able to 1970 study, “Savonarola and obscures his noble vision and archive in Zurich was closed, I and understand the handwritten to oppose Nazism. He was count on the assistance of local Florence: Prophecy and slights his strenuous efforts on went with my wife Gina to visit documents I encountered in the awarded the Bronze Star for his guides. Archivists have kindly Patriotism in the Renaissance,” behalf of social justice and this Täuferhöhle (Anabaptist archive. Years of coursework combat with the 4th Division in assisted me in navigating online Weinstein showed how the political liberty.” Thus, cave). Google Maps provided and reading for comprehensive the invasion of Germany that catalogues and microfiche Dominican friar recast the Savonarola alienated patricians no directions to our destination, exams helped me to interpret followed the Battle of the Bulge. collections. Specialists in Swiss commanding, expansionist by introducing a popular which appeared only as a this evidence. The writing of half After the war the G.I. bill allowed Anabaptism have provided identity of Florence as the New government and sacrificing their marker in the middle of a grove a dozen grant applications him to attend the University of encouragement and ideas for Jerusalem and the place for the treasures in a bonfire of of trees on the top of a hill. related to this project helped me Chicago, where he took the As I sift through new directions. Finally, in an act Second Coming of Christ. “vanities.” In 1498, he was Nevertheless, after having read keep the broader significance of famous Core designed by of great generosity, our friend- Weinstein saw that Florentine arrested, and under torture He combined the more and more a number of blog posts of my research consistently in Robert Maynard Hutchins—two of-a-friend Frau Doris civic culture made things confessed to heresy, recanted, previous visitors, I figured I had mind. Yet, as it turns out, this circumstances whose soldier’s bravery, material, my Jegerlehner generously opened sacred—the city and the state— and then was hanged and the directions I needed to get us preparation was just about good importance he stressed her apartment and life for us to that had not been understood burned. By examining there. Indeed, after stepping out enough to get me out of town, throughout his life. He earned the teacher’s (research) share. as having a religious dimension Savonarola’s mysticism, of the regional train, we walked so to speak. Once in less his B.A. and M.A. at Chicago before. In 1994, The Weinstein showed the communicative skill, destination comes into As I sift through more and and his doctorate at Iowa. more material, my (research) Renaissance Society of increasingly political prophet A Fulbright grant allowed his the scholar’s love as for itself! clearer focus… destination comes into clearer America devoted a session to being finally undone by politics “It’s high time … ” initial exposure to the immense continued from page 1 Sandra’s full-time position focus, even after moving away civic religion in Weinstein’s and his own millenarian visions. of the hunt, the manuscript riches of the was given to me in my letter from Zurich. The burden that honor. “The challenge is to integrate— National Library and Archives prepares my book indexes, of appointment as Director of Swiss prices put on a graduate His skill at interrelating the as he himself never ceased writer’s grace, the and to study at the University of ensures that I quite reliably the Division in 2001. Sandra student’s pocketbook has meant religious and the secular trying to do—the irascible Florence in 1953-55. It was environmentalist’s am where I next need to be, already assisted Heiko a shift in location to the Leibniz- emerged again in a co-authored puritan at war with his world, the there that he married his first and maintains our lists of all Oberman during the last two Institut für Europäische book with his former Rutgers charismatic preacher who, as activism, and the wife, Anne Kingsley, the mother you wonderful donors. Luise years of his life. But one Geschichte (Institute for colleague Rudolph Bell that Machiavelli would have it, of his two children, Jonathan friend’s power to and she organize and carry dean on campus has said to European History) in Mainz, used quantitative data to adapted ‘his lies’ to the times, and Elizabeth. After receiving out each fund-raising event. me, “The terms of my letter Germany, a wonderful place to explore the social factors at the ascetic contemplative the Ph.D. in 1957, he was a inspire. Sandra’s innate artistry and of appointment were a dead work in a community of work (class, gender, geography) enraptured by divine love, and Post-Doctoral Fellow at the hard work show themselves letter by the time I set foot on international scholars, until the in how the Catholic Church the militant herald of a new Institute for Research in the in all invitations, posters, campus.” Is not a formal end of June. I just hope that canonized its saints from 1000 age.” Humanities at the University of videos, programs, menus, letter of appointment a before I return to Tucson, I can to 1700. Their research Weinstein concerned himself Wisconsin in 1957-58, and was and other materials for fund- contract? When prominent finally make it to that cave! revealed a surprising increase with the impact of religious faith a lecturer in history at the raising events. She manages scholars are attracted to the in the declaration of new saints, on political realities as did his University of Iowa in 1958-59. this newsletter within the faculty, indeed written—and including many women, during Orthodox Jewish father Harris Täuferhöhle (Anabaptist cave) in Zurich confines of a tiny budget. appropriate—deals are Credit: http://mapio.net/o/686883/ this very same “secular” (Avram Zvi), who immigrated He taught for 2 years at The “Desert Harvest” speaks made. Some of these deals, fifteenth century. “Saints and from a shtetl near Minsk to the Continued on page 4 Roosevelt University, in for her superior ability as well in other parts of the 6 Chicago, an institution rooted in 3 University, are in fact social justice principles, making immense. But without a that, he said later, some of his certain negotiation, such most important work as a T U C S O N , A R I Z O N A DESERT HARVEST T U C S O N , A R I Z O N A DESERT HARVEST

Donald Weinstein, Historian of Civic Religion Annual Town and Gown Lecture Continued from page 3 The Reformation in Print

He taught for two years at and Reformation Studies, which brawl. He edited Heiko by Kristen Coan, doctoral student Roosevelt University, in still functions in active Oberman’s “The Two Chicago, an institution rooted in cooperation with the Reformations” when the he Division was print what they believed social justice principles, making Department of History. He author’s death prevented the delighted to host their audience would buy. that, he said later, some of his taught night school classes at conclusion of that work. He Professor Thomas 3. Changes in book most important work as a Fort Huachuca where he translated into English “The Kaufmann this production. The introduction teacher. He moved to Rutgers commuted an hour each way Duke’s Assassin: Exile and March for the annual of new techniques further for the next eighteen years from Tucson twice a week even Death of Lorenzino de’ Medici” Town and Gown Lecture. sped up printing. There was where he advanced from as he led the department. In by Stefano Dall’Aglio. Beyond Professor Kaufmann’s lecture, also an increased Assistant Professor to partnership with the Arizona all this, he completed his own entitled “The Reformation in cooperation of book actors: Distinguished Professor. In that Historical Society, he brought magisterial biography of Print,” paid special homage to authors, printers, and period he earned fellowships at Tucson’s high schools into the Savonarola. the Division’s full title by accountants all worked the Villa I Tatti in Florence national “History Day,” in which After moving with Beverly to emphasizing the late medieval together to improve the (1962-63) and at the Institute for students competed by writing Sonoita, Arizona, in 1996, he roots of the Reformation. market for themselves as Left to right: Annie Morphew, Kristen Coan, Adam Bonikowske, Professor Thomas Kaufmann, Professor Ute Lotz-Heumann, Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ research papers on historical joined the Crossroads Professor Kaufmann focused on well as for consumers. (1964-65). At Rutgers, he met subjects. He devised an Community Forum and worked the critical role the printing Cory Davis, Benjamin Miller 4. Growth and stagnation. Credit: Dr. Dirk Heumann his wife, Beverly Parker. Thus interdisciplinary outreach series on a Master Plan for press played in spurring the Reformation printing grew began a partnership that of round tables and lectures to development. He volunteered as Reformation, quipping “no from 1518 to 1523 before Professor Kaufmann’s spurred Weinstein’s extensive involve the community in a dispatcher with the local fire press, no Luther.” collapsing during the engaging lecture encouraged political activism and community university-level discussions of department. He defended To illustrate that early- Peasants’ War (1524-25). the audience to consider the key service. The couple moved to current issues. Southern Arizona’s natural fifteenth-century book culture 5. Quantity. As the importance place of the printing press in Tucson, Beverly’s birthplace, After retiring, he continued to environment by opposing roads was an essential precondition of individual authors shaping and reflecting early when Weinstein took on the teach. He devised a new course through canyons and new for the Reformation, Professor increased, so did the modern culture at the onset of headship of the History on Italian Renaissance great power lines. Kaufmann offered these seven amount that individuals the Reformation, and to place Department at the University of books. He attended oral exams Don Weinstein lived a full life. (rather than 95, he joked) printed. Luther’s domination Johannes Gutenberg in the list Arizona. He was Head from and served on dissertation He combined the soldier’s theses: of the publishing scene of of key Reformation figures. 1978-87 and retired in 1992. committees. He continued to bravery, the teacher’s the early Reformation is the Indeed, the Reformation may As Department Head, he publish. Building on a dossier of communicative skill, the 1. Lack of censorship. Pre- prime example of this trend. never even have begun if brought Heiko A. Oberman, a depositions he found in the scholar’s love of the hunt, the Reformation, censors and 6. Quality. The quality of Gutenberg’s first invention, a prominent historian of the archives of Pisa, he wrote a writer’s grace, the Inquisitors burned books to printed works changed “get rich quick” scheme selling a Protestant Reformation, to micro-history, “The Captain’s environmentalist’s activism, and extinguish deviant or before the onset of the pilgrim’s mirror—a small mirror Tucson and thus helped form Concubine,” about the trial the friend’s power to inspire. undesirable thought. Reformation: works were that pilgrims could hold up to the Division for Late Medieval growing out of a 1578 street Printing, however, rendered shorter, more typically catch holy rays emanating from this method less effective. published in the vernacular, saints’ relics and then bring Luther seems to have and focused less on home with them—hadn’t been …[The] engaging embraced this difficulty: traditional theological and such a complete failure! Those Reflections on History and Contemporary Challenges rather than attempting to lecture encouraged religious issues. This focus local to Tucson may wish to Continued from page 1 eliminate the texts of his on the vernacular was key further their understanding of the audience to adversaries, Luther to the printing Luther the role of early printing by challenged his rivals (such engaged in. viewing the facsimile of the consider the key For instance, the problems Western Christianity as a result things differently, but also as a as Karlstadt) to print. Luther 7. Role of reading culture. Gutenberg Bible held in the posed by the tortured of the Protestant Reformation foreign country where they wanted undesirable Although it is tempting to University of Arizona Special place of the printing relationship between religion created religious refugees all faced many problems similar to thoughts printed so that utilize the number of Collections. and war, and between religion, over early modern Europe, a our own. We hope you will join press in shaping and they could become objects reprints to allow us to draw politics, and propaganda familiar problem today as well. us in this exploration! of criticism. conclusions about reflecting early presented themselves to In 2017, the Division will 2. Role of the vernacular. As reception, this information is sixteenth- and seventeenth- organize a series of events to modern culture… the production of prints rose not as useful as we might century contemporaries with the commemorate the 500th in the three decades before hope because it does not same urgency as they do to us anniversary of the Protestant the Reformation, the rise in take reading culture into today. Moreover, the multi- Reformation. We will focus our vernacular printing was account. Contemporary faceted problem of the attention on the Reformation proportionally high. There reading habits meant that relationship between religion era and its consequences, not were at least as many printed works were read out and the call for social justice, only in theology and religion, books printed in German as loud and in company, so it most prominently voiced by the but also in society and politics. Latin. The introduction of is often difficult to gauge the peasants during the We hope to bring the vernacular literature allowed true popularity or impact of Reformation era, is no less Reformation to life, not only as economics to influence a particular printed item. Sixteenth-century printing workshop, pressing today. And the split of a foreign country where they did intellectual life for the first engraving by J. Amman. From Paul Lacroix, “The Arts in the time, as authors chose to Middle Ages and at the Period of the Renaissance” (London, 1875), p. 499. 4 5 T U C S O N , A R I Z O N A DESERT HARVEST T U C S O N , A R I Z O N A DESERT HARVEST

Donald Weinstein, Historian of Civic Religion Annual Town and Gown Lecture Continued from page 3 The Reformation in Print

DESERT HARVEST T U C S O N , A R I Z O N A T U C S O N , A R I Z O N A DESERT HARVEST

Looking for Traces of Anabaptists in Zurich Donald Weinstein, Historian of Civic Religion

by David Neufeld, doctoral student by Alan E. Bernstein, Emeritus Professor of History

onald Weinstein, Society” moved the study of here is a cave in the straight through town, found our one of the saints’ lives away from the hills behind Bäretswil, a path, and started climbing pioneering postwar exclusive terrain of village that lies a few towards the cave. Pretty soon American historians hagiographers and devotees miles inland from the thereafter, we wandered astray. who made the into the mainstream of historical eastern bank of The landmarks weren’t familiar, Italian Renaissance a premier inquiry. Returning to Savonarola Lake Zurich. Tradition holds fences and fields blocked our area of study, died in Tucson, almost 20 years after his that, more than four centuries path, and the sun began to set. Arizona, on December 13 at retirement, Weinstein examined ago, local Anabaptists— Although our objective was not age 89. At the time he wrote, the evolution of the religious peasants and craftspeople distant, we hadn’t quite reached historians generally viewed the thinker become political leader whose biblical understanding it yet. David Neufeld in the reading fourteenth through the sixteenth in a 2011 biography led them to baptize adults and In some ways, my experience room of the Staatsarchiv in centuries as the birth of modern “Savonarola: The Rise and Fall establish religious communities of archival research in Zurich Credit: Gina Martinez Europe through the re-birth of of a Renaissance Prophet.” separate from the Reformed Switzerland during the 2015- secular thinking. Under the Savonarola believed, Weinstein church—regularly met there, 2016 academic year mirrors this familiar surroundings, I have influence of Jacob Burckhardt, says, “he was leading Florence attempting to avoid the attention visit to the Täuferhöhle. When I been obliged to find my own they saw—in the art of Botticelli, to the New Jerusalem, but he Donald Weinstein of secular and church officials arrived at the Staatsarchiv way. This is the exciting, if Leonardo, and Michelangelo, was also traveling a path of Credit: Vista Michael who punished their activities. (State Archive) in Zurich last sometimes scary, nature of and in the writings of increasing fanaticism that could The experience of these September, I had come dissertation research, in which Machiavelli—a return of ancient only take him to desperation, dissident commoners is the prepared. Long participation in United States to escape the one seeks to contribute cultural influences that were delusion, and disaster. Still, it is subject of my doctoral Professor Karant-Nunn’s New Tsar’s armies. Weinstein something new to our shared classical, humanistic, even unhelpful to dismiss Savonarola dissertation. Thus, on a High German and paleography himself, born and raised in understanding of the past. pagan. In a groundbreaking as a fanatic or a charlatan; this weekend last fall when the workshop meant I could read Rochester, NY, joined the army Thankfully, I have been able to 1970 study, “Savonarola and obscures his noble vision and archive in Zurich was closed, I and understand the handwritten to oppose Nazism. He was count on the assistance of local Florence: Prophecy and slights his strenuous efforts on went with my wife Gina to visit documents I encountered in the awarded the Bronze Star for his guides. Archivists have kindly Patriotism in the Renaissance,” behalf of social justice and this Täuferhöhle (Anabaptist archive. Years of coursework combat with the 4th Division in assisted me in navigating online Weinstein showed how the political liberty.” Thus, cave). Google Maps provided and reading for comprehensive the invasion of Germany that catalogues and microfiche Dominican friar recast the Savonarola alienated patricians no directions to our destination, exams helped me to interpret followed the Battle of the Bulge. collections. Specialists in Swiss commanding, expansionist by introducing a popular which appeared only as a this evidence. The writing of half After the war the G.I. bill allowed Anabaptism have provided identity of Florence as the New government and sacrificing their marker in the middle of a grove a dozen grant applications him to attend the University of encouragement and ideas for Jerusalem and the place for the treasures in a bonfire of of trees on the top of a hill. related to this project helped me Chicago, where he took the As I sift through new directions. Finally, in an act Second Coming of Christ. “vanities.” In 1498, he was Nevertheless, after having read keep the broader significance of famous Core designed by of great generosity, our friend- Weinstein saw that Florentine arrested, and under torture He combined the more and more a number of blog posts of my research consistently in Robert Maynard Hutchins—two of-a-friend Frau Doris civic culture made things confessed to heresy, recanted, previous visitors, I figured I had mind. Yet, as it turns out, this circumstances whose soldier’s bravery, material, my Jegerlehner generously opened sacred—the city and the state— and then was hanged and the directions I needed to get us preparation was just about good importance he stressed her apartment and life for us to that had not been understood burned. By examining the teacher’s (research) there. Indeed, after stepping out enough to get me out of town, throughout his life. He earned share. as having a religious dimension Savonarola’s mysticism, of the regional train, we walked so to speak. Once in less his B.A. and M.A. at Chicago before. In 1994, The Weinstein showed the communicative skill, destination comes into As I sift through more and and his doctorate at Iowa. more material, my (research) Renaissance Society of increasingly political prophet A Fulbright grant allowed his the scholar’s love as for itself! clearer focus… destination comes into clearer America devoted a session to being finally undone by politics “It’s high time … ” initial exposure to the immense continued from page 1 Sandra’s full-time position focus, even after moving away civic religion in Weinstein’s and his own millenarian visions. of the hunt, the manuscript riches of the was given to me in my letter from Zurich. The burden that honor. “The challenge is to integrate— National Library and Archives prepares my book indexes, of appointment as Director of Swiss prices put on a graduate His skill at interrelating the as he himself never ceased writer’s grace, the and to study at the University of ensures that I quite reliably the Division in 2001. Sandra student’s pocketbook has meant religious and the secular trying to do—the irascible Florence in 1953-55. It was environmentalist’s am where I next need to be, already assisted Heiko a shift in location to the Leibniz- emerged again in a co-authored puritan at war with his world, the there that he married his first and maintains our lists of all Oberman during the last two Institut für Europäische book with his former Rutgers charismatic preacher who, as activism, and the wife, Anne Kingsley, the mother you wonderful donors. Luise years of his life. But one Geschichte (Institute for colleague Rudolph Bell that Machiavelli would have it, of his two children, Jonathan friend’s power to and she organize and carry dean on campus has said to European History) in Mainz, used quantitative data to adapted ‘his lies’ to the times, and Elizabeth. After receiving out each fund-raising event. me, “The terms of my letter Germany, a wonderful place to explore the social factors at the ascetic contemplative the Ph.D. in 1957, he was a inspire. Sandra’s innate artistry and of appointment were a dead work in a community of work (class, gender, geography) enraptured by divine love, and Post-Doctoral Fellow at the hard work show themselves letter by the time I set foot on international scholars, until the in how the Catholic Church the militant herald of a new Institute for Research in the in all invitations, posters, campus.” Is not a formal end of June. I just hope that canonized its saints from 1000 age.” Humanities at the University of videos, programs, menus, letter of appointment a before I return to Tucson, I can to 1700. Their research Weinstein concerned himself Wisconsin in 1957-58, and was and other materials for fund- contract? When prominent finally make it to that cave! revealed a surprising increase with the impact of religious faith a lecturer in history at the raising events. She manages scholars are attracted to the in the declaration of new saints, on political realities as did his University of Iowa in 1958-59. this newsletter within the faculty, indeed written—and Täuferhöhle (Anabaptist cave) in Zurich including many women, during Orthodox Jewish father Harris confines of a tiny budget. appropriate—deals are Credit: http://mapio.net/o/686883/ this very same “secular” (Avram Zvi), who immigrated He taught for 2 years at The “Desert Harvest” speaks made. Some of these deals, fifteenth century. “Saints and from a shtetl near Minsk to the Continued on page 4 Roosevelt University, in for her superior ability as well in other parts of the 6 Chicago, an institution rooted in 3 University, are in fact social justice principles, making immense. But without a that, he said later, some of his certain negotiation, such most important work as a DESERT HARVEST T U C S O N, A R I Z O N A T U C S O N, A R I Z O N A DESERT HARVEST

Division News

APRIL 2016 Division for Late Medieval T H E U N I V E R S I T Y O F A R I Z O N A

and Reformation Studies NONPROFIT ORG Douglass 315 US POSTAGE PAID PO Box 210028 TUCSON ARIZONA Tucson AZ 85721-0028 PERMIT NO. 190

T H E D I V I S I O N F O R L A T E M E D I E V A L A N D R E F O R M A T I O N S T U D I E S VOL. 24, NO 1

“… the premier place for Reformation studies” —Lyndal Roper, Regius Professor of Modern History, University of Oxford

A Word from the Oberman Chair A SEMI-ANNUAL

Reflections on History and NEWSLETTER OF

THE DIVISION FOR Contemporary Challenges LATE MEDIEVAL AND REFORMATION

by Ute Lotz-Heumann, Heiko A. Oberman Professor STUDIES

uring the Late Middle strike us as very different from Founded in 1989 by V O L 20 , N O 1 Ages and the our own. Heiko A. Oberman (1930-2001), Reformation period, And yet, as Douglas Adams, Regents’ Professor of History people did not look to the science fiction author, has the future in the same written: "The past is ... truly like way as we do today. Our idea of a foreign country. They do Director and Regents’ the future as progress, things exactly the same there." Professor of History: Susan C. Karant-Nunn welcomed as something new Incidentally, he also remarked: and full of potential, is largely a "Human beings, who are almost Heiko A. Oberman Professor: creation of the Enlightenment. unique in having the ability to I N S I D E Ute Lotz-Heumann In the Reformation era, one learn from the experience of looked to the past, notably early others, are also remarkable for Program Coordinator, Sr.: An Informal s Sabbatical Report 2 Christianity, as an age of purity their disinclination to do so." Luise Betterton which needed to be recreated. When we think about the past in Donald Weinstein, Returning to the pure, original general and the Reformation Historian of Civic Religion 3 state of the Church was a era in particular, we will find paramount idea, as was the many problems and questions Town and Gown perception that one's own times that plagued contemporaries of Associated Faculty: Lecture: The Alan E. Bernstein, Emeritus Reformation in were "the Last Days." Judging the sixteenth century that UA Division for Late Medieval and Reformation Studies • Alumni Print 5 Pia F. Cuneo the present by constantly somehow sound familiar to us. Peter W. Foley Looking for Traces looking back at history (which And even though these issues David L. Graizbord Robert J. Bast (PhD 1993) John Frymire (PhD 2001) Patrick D. Meeks (MA 2013) of Anabaptists in University of Tennessee, Knoxville University of Missouri Zurich 6 could then serve as "life's were undoubtedly not the same Paul Milliman (MA 2008) Tod Meinke teacher"—"historia magistra as today, I would venture to say Helen Nader, Emerita James Blakeley (PhD 2006) Andrew C. Gow (PhD 1993) Data Architect, MAP Healthcare Management, St. Joseph’s College, New York University of Alberta, Edmonton Austin News 7 vitae") was combined with the that they are still instructive for Cynthia White

Curtis V. Bostick (PhD 1993) Brad S. Gregory (MA 1989) Michael D. Milway (PhD 1997) idea of an apocalyptic future. us to study because they shed Southern Utah University University of Notre Dame "The past is a foreign country: light on contemporary Board of Advisors: Amy M. Newhouse (PhD 2015) Richard Duffield, Chair Michael W. Bruening (PhD 2002) J. Derek Halvorson (MA 1998) Lone Star College, Houston, Texas they do things differently challenges. "History is life's Luise Betterton Missouri University of Science & Technology President, Covenant College there"—this now proverbial Jonathan Reid (PhD 2001) teacher" after all, even if today Stanley Feldman Paul A. Buehler (PhD 2015) Brandon Hartley (PhD 2007) East Carolina University quote by the novelist L.P. we believe more in future Wasatch Academy, Mt. Pleasant, Utah Sandy Hatfield Robert J. Christman (PhD 2004) Joshua Rosenthal (PhD 2005) Hartley certainly applies here. progress rather than in harking Jennifer Carrell Helenbolt Luther College, Iowa Sigrun Haude (PhD 1993) This kind of thinking is foreign to back to the past as a model to John Leech University of Cincinnati Hayley R. Rucker (MA 2012) Victoria Christman (PhD 2005) us today, and it is a powerful emulate. Ute Lotz-Heumann Daniel Jones (MA 2011) (PhD 1993) Luther College, Iowa Eric Leland Saak reminder that the world and To whet your appetite for the Hester Oberman Indiana University – Purdue University Sean E. Clark (PhD 2013) Julie H. Kang (PhD 2010) Indianapolis people's outlook on the world Division's program to Toetie Oberman Head of School, BASIS, Flagstaff Helen Schaefer Benjamin Kulas (MA 2005) Han Song (MA 2002) have changed dramatically over commemorate the Protestant Thomas A. Donlan (PhD 2011) Middlesex School, Brookside Capital, Boston the last 500 years. When we Reformation next year, I want to John Schaefer Brophy College Preparatory, Concord, Massachusetts Danielle Thu Phoenix, Arizona J. Jeffery Tyler (PhD 1995) commemorate the 500th give you just a few examples of Nicole Kuropka (MA 1997) Hope College, Michigan Adam Asher Duker (MA 2009) Privatdozentin at Wupperthal/Bethel Seminary anniversary of the Protestant Reformation history’s ability to The University of Arizona Joel Van Amberg (PhD 2004) Douglass Building 315 Peter A. Dykema (PhD 1998) Marjory E. Lange (PhD minor, 1993) Tusculum College, Tennessee Reformation in 2017, many illuminate current questions and PO Box 210028 Arkansas Tech University Western Oregon University concerns of early modern problems. Atilla Vékony (MA 1998) Tucson AZ 85721 Elizabeth M. Ellis-Marino (PhD 2015) Scott M. Manetsch (PhD 1997) Wheatmark, Inc. contemporaries—from Luther, (520) 621-1284 Trinity Evangelical Divinity School Calvin, and Zwingli down to the Fax/ (520) 626-5444 http://dlmrs.web.arizona.edu Please visit us online at: dlmrs.web.arizona.edu common man and woman—will Continued on page 4

University of Arizona, College of Social and Behavioral Sciences Division for Late Medieval and Reformation Studies 2016 Summer Lecture Series With St. Philip’s in the Hills Episcopal Church European Catholicism in the Late Middle Ages August 7, 14, 21, 28

St. Philip’s in the Hills Episcopal Church 4440 N. Campbell Bloom Music Center, 10:15—11:00 AM

The 2016 Summer Lecture Series takes as its central theme Catholicism and “heretical” movements in Late Medieval Europe. Characterized by great turmoil, the Late Middle Ages was a period of religious diversity and vitality. The four lectures will probe the wide variety of beliefs and practices held by clergy and laity in Europe before the age of the Protestant Reformation.

This series seeks to provide a foundation for lectures and events planned by the Division for Late Medieval and Reformation Studies for the 2017 commemoration of the 500th anniversary of the Reformation.

Susan C. Karant-Nunn, Director of the Division and Regents' Professor of History, or Ute Lotz-Heumann, Heiko A. Oberman Professor of Late Medieval and Reformation History, will contextualize and comment on each of the following lectures.

August 7 "Prophecy, Prayer, and Penance: Lay Religiosity and Catholicism in Fifteenth-Century Germany" Adam Bonikowske, doctoral student

August 14 "An Old or a New Way? Catholic Orders in Late Medieval Germany" David Neufeld, doctoral student

August 21 "'The highest service that men may attain to on earth is to preach the word of God': Catholics and Lollards in Late Medieval England" Annie Morphew, master's student

August 28 "The 'glittering doctor of truth'? Jan Hus and the Vigor of Late Medieval Catholicism in Bohemia" Benjamin Miller, master's student

Free and open to the public For information: Luise Betterton, 520-626-5448; [email protected]