Ocmtmt'm@Newstetter
Volume III, Number 13 November, 1985 . Occuitation Newsletter is published by the International Occultation Timing Association. Editor and compos- itor: 'L F. DaBo11; 6 N 106 White Oak Lane; St. Charles, IL.60174; U."S. A. Please send editorial matters, . renewals, address changes, and reimbursement requests' to the above, but for new memberships, new subscrip- tions, "back issues, and any special requests, wr·ite'to IOTA; P. 0. Box 3392; Columbus, OH 43210-0392; U.S.A. i ' FROM THE""PUBLISHER - . " events involving'Antares and the Pleiades begin. 4~-· Directions and other local information can be ob- This'is'the third issue of 1985. " tained from Charles H. Herold, 9207 Kirkmont, Hous- tOn, TX 77089, phone 713,484-2152 (home) or 928-2628 When renewing, please give your name and address ex- (work, often evenings). During 1986 (during which actly as they appear on your mailing label, so that elections will be held for IOTA offices for the fol- we can locate your file; if the label should be re- lowing three years"), the annual IOTA meeting might vised, tell us how it should be changed. "be.held in conjunction with the Texas Star Party, and an IOTA session will be held during the Astro- If you wish, you may use your VISA or MasterCard for nomica1 League convention in Baltimore, Maryland, payments to IOTA; include the account number, the early in August. expiration date, and your signature. Card users must pay the full prices, which are shown below, Edwin Goffin recently sent me a letter describing FOLLOWED BY THE DISCOUNT PRICES IN BRACKETS FOR THE some of the act"ivity at the fourth European Symposi- USE OF THOSE PAYING BY CASH, CHECK, OR MONEY ORDER. um on Occultation Projects (E.S.O.P. IV; see p. 244 of the last issue), and saying that Dr. Eberhard O.N.'s price is $1.46[1.40]/issue, or $5.73[5.50]/ Bredner, Ham, German Federal Republic, planned to year (4 issues) including first class surface mail- send a report about E.S.O.P. IV for publication in ing. Back issues through Vol. 2, No. 13 still are o.n. We hope to receive it in time to include in priced at only $1.04[1.00]/issue; later issues at the next issue of o.n., planned for December. $1.46[1.40]. Air mail shipment of O.n. back issues and subscriptions, if desired, is 47¢[45¢]/issue Berton Stevens has maintained IOTA'S computerized ($1.88[1.80]/year) extra, outside the U.S.A., Cana- files diligently since the organization was estab- da, and Mexico. IOTA membership, subscription in- 1ished in 1975. He updates these files from infor- eluded, is $11.46[11.00]/year for residents of North mation supplied by IOTA's treasurer (H. F. DaBo11) america (including Mexico) and $16.67[16.00] for and corresponding secretary (Mark Allman). The com- others, to cover costs of overseas air mail. For puter files contain addresses, station data (geo- IOTA members, the following itans are available graphical coordinates and travel radii for grazes), without extra charge; non-members pay $1.O4[1.00] for and bookkeeping information (whether o.n. subscriber local circumstance (asteroidal occultation) predic- only or IOTA member, subscription or membership ex- tions, and $1.56[1.50] per graze limit prediction. piration date, etc.). They are used to generate ad- dress labels for o.n. and other IOTA informational Observers from Europe and the British Isles should mailings, and both labels and station data on IBM join IOTA/ES, sending DM 50.-- to Hans-j. Bode, Bar- cards, which are sent to the graze computors for told-knaust Str. 8, 3000 Hannover 91, German Federal computation and distribution of grazing occultation Republic. predictions, and to the vice president for planetary occultation services (Joseph Carroll) for computa- IOTA NEWS tion and distribution of planetary and asteroidal appulse and local circumstance predictions. For the David kl. Dunham past few years, Bert has wanted someone to take over this work, but this has not yet been possible, part- The third annual meeting of the International Occu1- 1y because his programs for updating the records, tation Timing Association will be held on Saturday, and generating the address labels and station cards, November 16 from 10 am.until 5 pm Centrai'-"Standaj'd are written in IBM assembler language for an IBM 360 Time at the Armand Baj/Ou Nature Center, 86"0(J Bay Ar or 4341 computer. Although the transportability of ea- Blvd., Clear Lake City, Texas," U.S.A:"."BesiAe.s a- ""'th.is system is difficult, the proliferation of per- short business sessi&,"the're'"win be sciCntifi"C"' -' '.Serial computers makes other options possible. Some- presentations andAisCussions about grazing occu1taq,i . 'ohe:who owns (or has access to) a p.c., a printer tions observed during 1985 (especially the Zubene1-?-?-,. capable of printing labels, and a modem probably genubi grazes'in Texas·in January and in Africa..in ",":"".:"could write some simple programs (or modify some ex- May, and the Delta Scorpii graze in Arizona in ju- "- ' isting.qd&ess-labe1 software) to do this important 1y),'attempts to observe occultations by comets (es- " job., - Re (jv? she could then gen'erate the address la- pecia11y the September 4th appulse by Comet Giacobi- . -be1:S,.and':Send station data via the modem and tele- ni-Zinner), and predictions for asteroidal, cometa, phone to bfiose who.needed,it. For those who need ry, and lunar grazing occultations in 1986, when the data and don't have a.,te1ephone data-transfer 272 capability, the data could be transmitted to our Ap- Some have been uncertain of the meaning of "O-C" ple, and I could then upload the data to standard (called the residual) in the residual sheets dis- magnetic tape for mailing. Similarly, the current tributed by the International Lunar Occultation Gen- IOTA records could be written to a standard magnetic tre (ILOC). The observed quantity (D) is the angu- tape, and the contents transferred to disk here for lar separation from the center of the moon to the transmittal by telephone (or perhaps mailed on flop- star, as seen from the observer's location and com- 'py disks) to your p.c. Mailing and telephone ex- puted using the best-available catalog data for the penses of this work would be reimbursed by IOTA. If star and the standard 1=2 lunar ephemeris, all eval- you are interested in trying this, please contact me uated at the time of observation. The calculated at P.0. Box 7488; Silver Spring, MD 20907; U.S.A.; quantity (C) is the angular semi-diameter of the telephone 301,585-0989. Berton Stevens will be very moon as seen from the observer's location plus the grateful if a suitable system can be set up elsewhere. limb correction computed from Watts' charts of the edge of the moon. The value given in the O-C column Generating predictions and articles for 1986 occul- is simply the difference, 0 minus C, in seconds of tations is keeping me busy, and will continue to do arc ("), and is therefore the residual error, or so until we produce the next issue of o.n., which just the residual. Errors in the lunar ephemeris, will include predictions of planetary occultations star position, and limb correction all contribute to for 1986. We continue to make progress with the oc- the residual, usually more than the uncertainty of cultation manual (see p. 243 of the last issue), and the observer's timing. If a value of 9.99 or -9.99 will show what we have so far at the IOTA meeting on is given, the actual residual is probably much larg- . ,1 Nov. 76th. After the prediction work is out of the er, probably due to an error in the date, hour, min- way, top priority will go towards the manual, so ute, or star number, and the observer should check that we can distribute a preliminary version (we all of these data, on ILOC'S listing, on a copy of hope) about a month after the next issue of o.n. his report, and in the predictions, and send any re- Then I will turn my attention to completing and dis- visions to ILOC for reprocessing. Residuals with tributing copies of the videotape of the 1984 May absolute values greater than 2!'0 are rare, so data 30th solar eclipse, and complete analysis of the oc- for observations whose O-G'S have larger absolute cultations by (2) Pa11as and (SI) Nemausa in 1983, values also should be checked. ILOC recently dis- and the Zubenelgenubi grazes during the lunar tributed residual lists for 1983 timings. eclipse last May. I also need to create the merged star catalog tape for asteroidal occultation predic- The U.S. Internal Revenue Service recently announced tions. that effective January 1, 1985, the tax deductible standard mileage rate for use of a personal car in The Astronomy Bulletin Board System (ASTBBS), main- connection with charitable activities is 12¢ per tained by Joan Bixby Dunham on our Apple 11+ comput- mile, up 3¢ over the 1984 rate. Use the new rate er in Silver Spring, MD, (phone 301,495-9062) was for calculating your deductible mileage expenses for described on p. 244 of the last issue. The system 1985 occultation trips. has been upgraded and some errors fixed. Also, we have put a surge protector on the phone line and now DIVISION Of PLANETARY SCIENCES NEWS leave the system on all the time when we are not us- ing the computer for other purposes, which is a lit- David W. Dunham tle less than half the time during evenings and weekends. Those of you with computers or terminals The 17th annual meeting of the American Astronomical with modems are encouraged to use the system, since Society's Division of Planetary Sciences met in Bal- we can provide more information with it than we can timore, MD, from 1985 October 28 — November 1. I " put in the recorded telephone message. We may get a attended sessions on comets, asteroids, and Jovian separate phone line for the IOTA spoken message satellites. Abstracts (except for a few late pa- service which we maintain with our telephone answer- pers) were published in Bull. Amer. Astron. Soc. 17 ing machine (now on 301,585-0989), so that would be- (3). just a few of the highlights can be given come a full-time service; many callers are surprised here. Comet Giacobini-Zinner was studied extensive- when they call our number and we answer, rather than ly in early September, around the time of the ICE let the message play. spacecraft flyby. H. Campins and others report that infrared measurements indicated significantly more Tony Murray, Georgetown, GA, has designed an IOTA dust than ICE encountered; the discrepancy has not membership card. We will discuss this at the IOTA been resolved. meeting, where we probably will recomnend some changes. When these are agreed upon, Tony will gen- W. Sinton and others located several yolcanoes on Id erate the cards for distribution by DaBo11, perhaps to ±20 km from timings of infrared photoelectric da- with the next issue of o.n. ta when Jo was occulted by one of the other Galilean satellites. Approximate temperatures could be de- Dr. Paul A. Simon, Observatory of Paris-Meudon and rived from simultaneous measurements at different president of the Societe Astronomique dc France wavelengths, and the radiating area (diameter 8 ±3 (S.A.F.), has proposed a S-day meeting, "Contribu- km) of one volcano was determined. tion of Amateur Astronomers to the Discovery of the Universe," to be cosponsored by the International R. Mi11is and 23 other authors gave a paper on the Astronomical Union and the International Union of diameter of (I) Ceres determined from twelve photoe- Amateur Astronomers, to celebrate the hundredth an- lectric measurements of the 1984 November 13th oc- niversary of the S.A.F. The meeting would be held cultation of B.D. +8° 471. The diameter was found in June or the last week of August, 1987. Perhaps a to be 946 "5 km, in good agreement with recent in- day of that meeting (or half a day) could be com- frared determinations. When combined with Ceres' bined with E.S.O.P. VI. mass, the density was found to be 2.6 ±0.1 gm/cm3; the visual geometric albedo was 0.069. 273
R. Terrile and B. Smith used a coronagraphic device phase (and possibly waxing-phase) grazes are showing to search for faint satellites or material near (29) consistent north shifts of several tenths of a sec- Amphitrite, a flyby target of the Galileo space- ond; see p. 276. craft, as reported in a late paper. Light from Am- phitrite was blocked out to 5" or 7500 km. The Expedition leaders should be aware that an occasion- search ruled out the existence of kilometer-sized al large shift can occur due to a poorly determined Satellites beyond the edge of the coronagraph. A star position. This happened to several expeditions similar search was reported by j. Gradie and C. Pi1- for the graze of SAD 128661 on ]985 june I], report- cher, with similar results. S. \Aeidenschi11ing did ed in the last issue; the positional data for this a stability analysis of asteroidal binary models star were from the old Albany General Catalog (whose used to explain 1ightcurves, and found that only the positions at current epochs are often in error by models for (63), (216), and (624) were stable. large amounts) and there had been no previous occul- \Aeidenschi1]ing said that most of the lightcurves tation observations. While most observers dislike a could not be easily distinguished from those of sin- long occultation as much as a miss, these deep sta- gle e11ipsoida1 models. P. Hut and P. Weissman made tions are quite important in situations like this. some estimates of the sizes and separation of the pair of asteroids or comets that apparently created I believe that there is some confusion about the Clearwater Lakes in Canada, and noted that a further definition of the shift value, especially its units. study of the statistics of double craters may allow It is the number of seconds of arc that the moon's r estimation of the fraction of these objects that are shadow shifted on the ground as subtended at the binary. moon's distance. This is the scale running down the left side of the profiles; the liPS given on the pro- In separate late papers, F. Vilas and W. Hubbard, file converts seconds of arc to miles (or kilome- and B. Sicardy et al., reported on observations of ters). A minor shift would be about 0!'1, and a ma- the 1985 Aug. 20 occultation of a bright (K = 6.4) jor one would be about 1'!0, to provide two examples. infrared star by Neptune. Neptune occulted the star Some observers may have reported geodetic seconds of centrally, and a central flash was recorded at both latitude or longitude on the ground. This easily ESQ and CTIO in Chile, but not in Hawaii. l-second could produce a 100" shift, which would be impos- drops of about 16% were simultaneously recorded at sibly large (At least, I hope I never get a"100" 3:44 UT at ESQ and CTIO, at a distance of just over shift!). I'm still waiting for clarification of a three Neptune radii. situation like this for the graze of ZC 1290 near Hoernerstown, PA, on 1985 April 28. GRAZING OCCULTATIONS The profile plotting program cannot display the pre- Don Stockbauer dicted limit if it is scaled off the top or bottom of the profile display area. The top and bottom Reports of successful lunar grazing occultations borders look very much like the predicted limit, and should be sent to me at 2846 Mayflower Landing; Web- it is especially easy to be fooled if the limit is ster, TX 77598; U.S.A. Also sending a copy to ILOC scaled off by only one printer line. is greatly appreciated; their address is: Interna- tional Lunar Occultation Centre; Geodesy and Geo- Please use the ILOC reporting forms even if you have physics Division; Hydrographic Department; Tsukiji- a supply of the old "University of Texas" forms on 5; Chuo-ku; Tokyo, 104 japan. hand. The problem is that if the old forms are used, they have to be transcribed to the new ones so '%_ Included in this article is a table of graze reports that ILOC can process the data, and I am the person received since the last newsletter. Here is an ex- who will wind up having to do the task! I volun- planation of its format: teered to do this for a 4-inch stack of reports sev- Mo = month eral years ago; it took months, and bordered on be- Dy = day. A "V" following the date indicates that ing the most boring job of my life, but I sure got a videorecording was obtained; "P" indicates a pho- familiar with the new format! Some have complained toelectric observation. about the new forms, but once their format is Star Number = ZC (Robertson) if 4 digits, or SAD if learned, they have quite a few advantages over the 6 digits. old ones. Mag = magnitude % Sn1 = percent sunlit ("+" is waxing, "-" is wan- The project to put the graze lists into machine- ing.) ' readable form has made little progress, due mostly CA = cusp angle to the magnitude of the effort. I figure that there Location = settlement or prominent feature closest are about 1,500 past grazes to do, at 80 characters to the expedition each, and the project must continue as new lists ap- # Sta = number of stations reporting data, possibly pear. David Dunham devised a format which expedites including one station reporting a miss the project, in that it is virtually identical to #Tm = total number of timings for whole expedition the published format, i.e., the lists need not be SS = best Sky Stability reported by any station put on keypunch forms, and can be used directly. Ap cm = shiallCst aperture (centimeters) reporting Please contact David if you could help with this the best stability project. The data can be punched on IBM cards or Organizer = expedition leader punched at a terminal to a disk file and copied to a St = shift observed, in tenths of seconds (N = standard 9-track computer tape. A personal computer north, S = south) also might be used for this project; the chances for WA = Watts angle of the average of al} events successful transmission would be greatest if the b = latitude 1ibration in tenths of a degree p.c. has a modem for telephone transmittal of ASCII files. Let David know what hardware you could use It is becoming apparent that northern-limit waning- for this work, to see whether the data actually can 274 be transmitted. Star % ## S Ap Mo Dy Number Mag Sn1 CA Location Sta Tm S cm Organizer st \AA b If more than one person organizes a graze, who 1983 should be listed as the 2 23 0946 3.2 75+ -IS Tisvi1deleje,Oeruk 2 9 1 17 N. P. Wieth-knudsen 179 7 expedition leader? Da- vid Dunham's rule of 1984 thumb was always "whoev- I 13 0404 5.2 67+ 11S San Martin, CA 4 16 2 15 james H Van Nuland 0166 39 er scales the coordi- 1 22 1702 4.2 80- 4S Cupertino, CA 1 5 3 20 James H Van Nuland 55181-64 nates." However, com- 2 6 0106 6.8 21+ Franksvi11e, WI 4 12 1 25 Gerry Samo1yk pared to other aspects 3 8 0505 7.0 29+ 8S Tisvilde1eje.Oenmk 3 15 1 6 N. P. Wieth-knudsen 172 24 of a large expedition, 10 28 185637 8.9 18+ 5S Judgeford, NZ 5 ]8 10 Tony Dodson 95178 this can be relatively 11 16 1484 3.6 47- 6S Diamond Bar, CA 2 4 1 73 Donald S. Lynn 45186-67 minor, especially if one doesn't mind doing it. 1985 The person who assigns I 14 1973 6.5 49- S V.enFagnes,Be1gium 1 9 jean Bourgeois 35194-22 stations at the graze 2 11 2053 4.6 64- S Drehance, Belgium 6 12 jean Schwaenen 2N194-12 site is also a logical 2 12 2233 5.5 47- ]1S Upper Hutt, NZ 15 44 10 Tony Dodson 0193 choice. Perhaps mutual 3 I 0842 6.3 62+ 4N New Berlin, HI 10 32 2 15 Gerry Samolyk 3-32 consent would just be 3 11V 2192 6.2 74- 13S Upper Hutt, NZ 9 27 11 Tony Dodson 4N195 "" best. I'd like to see 4 28 1290 6.8 48+ 15N Hoernerstown, PA 4 6 215 Robert Young 9-63 some suggestions dis- 5 8 2740 6.5 80- 9N Hikurangi, NZ 1 2 15 G. Hudson cussed in this column. 5 22 0852 5.0 4+-125 McMillan Mine, AZ 1 4 2 15 Richard Nolthenius 75184-37 6 27 139377 8.1 66+ 11N Klein, TX 3 17 1 20 Donald L. Oliver IN 12-18 In Houston, we'have been 7 7 3428 5.2 74- 19N Santiago Rcsv.,CA 5 40 1 8 Donald S. Lynn 0343 64 experimenting with how 7 12 093185 7.8 28- 16N Flat Lick, KV 1 11 2 15 jim Stam 343 6 to assign observers to 7 23 ]891 4.4 39" 13N Westford, CT 3 8 110 Philip Dombrowski ]5-22 sites for large efforts. 7 25 2014 7.8 51+ 11N Royersford, PA I 0 2 10 Clifford Bader S 13 -5 The method must be fair, 7 27 2290 2.5 74+ 17N Gale, CA 1 11 1 20 David Werner 18 27 must not cause last-min- 7 27V 2290 2.5 75" 17N Asher, AZ 9 113 I 9 Gerry Rattley 0 17 27 ute confusion, must not 8 12 0869 7.2 21- N Crowthorn,Eng1and 6 62 1 J. Trott leave large gaps in the 8 ]2 077927 8.9 17- ]7N Borden, TX 2 8 1 32 Logan Rimes 0345-45 fence due to "no-shows," 8 12 077927 8.9 17- ]7N Cat Spring, TX 2 16 1 20 Don Stockbauer 0345-45 etc. So far, we have 8 13 078957 7.8 10- 17N Shanksvi11e, PA 1 6 15 Francis Graham found no really good 9 5 093288 8.7 70- 20N Crabb, TX 1 2 1 20 Donald L. Oliver 15338 -6 solution, and again, I'm 9 12 1408 7.4 7- 13N Washington, DC 1 1 20 Jay Miller " open to Suggestions. 9 12 1408 7.4 7- 13N Greenbelt, MD 12 58 1 15 David Dunham 2N355-64 [Ed: Suggestion: I) 9 ]2 080898 7.7 7- 13N Franklinvi1le, IL 1 4 2 20 Homer DaBo11 1N355-63 lay out numbered station 10 7V 1093 6.4 48- ION Somerset, PA 2 10 I 20 David Dunham 4N350-60 markers for the maximum 10 7 1093 6.4 48- 9N East Hartland, CT I 4 15 Philip Dombrowski number of observers ex- 10 9 ]363 5.2 27- BN Buckhorn, TX 1 0 1 20 Don Stockbauer <3N355-67 pected; 2) at assembly 10 9V 1363 5.2 27- BN Hempstead, TX 1 ]0 1 36 Paul Maley 2N355-67 time, use as many cards 10 9 ]365 6.1 27- 7N Buckhorn, TX 1 10 1 20 Don Stockbauer 2N356-67 of an ordinary deck as 10 9 1365 6.1 27- 7N Lewisville, tx 2 16 115 Donald L. Oliver 2N356-67 there are observers" 10 9V 1365 6.1 27- 7N Hempstead, TX 1 0 1 36 Paul Maley 356-67 " present; 3) decide which stations will be manned by that number of observers; and got a miss on E and 10 events on 79 Cancri; the 4) using a pre-decided card-ranking system (does the main expedition was clouded out for E but got 16 trey of hearts precede the four of spades or follow events for 79 Cancri. Since we were forced to set the deuce of hearts; is the ace high or low?), let up directly adjacent to farm houses in Lewisville, the observers draw cards to determine their order Don Oliver and I made friends with the residents on among the stations to be manned; 5) if some observ- the preliminary reconnaissance trips; this seems to ers are inexperienced, hold two drawings, so that work much better than merely notifying the authori- experienced observers alternate with inexperienced ties the night of the graze. One of the farmers, ones. If there are more than 52 observers, that's 78-year-old john Jackson, says that his long life is the sort of difficult situation we'd like to have!] due to eating the aloe vera plant. Don Oliver had a huge one in a pot that he offered to bring Mr. jack- One of the more memorable expeditions for co-organ- son the night of the graze. While setting up his izer Don Oliver and me will be the double graze of equiµnent, Don cut himself several times on the E and 79 Cancri (ZC 1363 and 1365, respectively) on plant's thorns, but unfortunately, in the rush, did 1985 October 9. The paths of these two favorable not think to rub some of the plant's famed juices on grazes crossed 50 miles northwest of Houston, near the wounds to promote the healing process. Don has the tiny settlement of Lewisville, and 35 stations dubbed the expedition the "aloe vera extravaganza." were planned for it. With only 30 minutes between grazes, we did not want to move sites after the David Dunham has not had time to unravel the data first one. Luckily, the roads provided coverage up obtained during the graze of a 2 Librae at Hag Ab- to the tops of the highest mountains for both, and du11ah, Sudan, last May. Also, he recently received also quite deep into the shadows. A pessimistic a large package of reports of the southern-limit weather forecast kept all but 5 of the 35 grazers at graze from M. D. Overbeek. we hope he will be able home, and a warning of a north shift prompted me to to provide sunnary 'information for these important leave the main expedition and travel west to cover E events for the graze table in the next issue. He Cancri more to the north. I had good weather there hopes to have a preliminary analysis of some of the 275
data, to obtain the lunar polar diameter, completed [Ed: Shown here are pictorial representations of in time for presentation at the IOTA meeting on No- the three grazes shown in the accompanying table as vember 16th. having been led by Tony Dodson. At least two of the drawings also were prepared by Dodson and are repro- Gerry Rattley notes that 48 events involved the pri- duced from the circular of the Royal Astronomical mary and 65 the secondary star during the july 27th Society of New Zealand. The source of the other graze of D Scorpii (ZC 2290 = Dschubba) at Asher, drawing is unknown to us.] AZ. A record four videorecordings were made of this graze; three of them will be shown at the IQTA meet- GRAZE OF SAD 185637: HB4 OCTOBER 28 ing. Unexpectedly, the secondary was about 0!'3 °¶" '":". ":"' '"jz·". ·'Z';··Nm'kn OO
Thanks for all the reports received. "!""""!""""'!l"""!.:.":"£|""""!""""!""""!:.:.:
Hersecuon of Central Grcue /AMk7M unit. im OS'S. 4 E, 4P OS'X)°.6 S.
12h 34m Ut ¥m M us'7 l'm ,37m 4_ tl . ,, I ' ,;cf/yf(V }, & " , "", "\ d}q} ,';'" LUNAR OCCULTATIONS OF PLANETS S " "\ Smooth Moen Termalo,ermalo, Si(.71 ,f " / 2. " > , 21 r " " ":/ r ',,", "b"" J-1 "Iq1| , V" , FKTTT6 'L The maps showing the regions of visibility r· ' S2 _},i m7~__-______Yj."L _-_- _____--,.<7_3y <1 - -mk'!lLLjm--£^'k'!Il|^ -----____-q--- of lunar occultations of planets are re- I ~ ~ p " I " r \ " printed by permission, from the Japanese I ~ " " " — _ L_ " " ~t r \ I ( ephemeris for 1986, published by the Hydro- 3 " yrm F'rnttk? , i Armm L e A "' 4, fl' 'i , HrrC Br X L a graphic Department of the Maritime Safety S 'i , ' "fl ctmnm, "rdde i ,' I lhlllj m M s i "' \,\ 'm"nm, "rdde i ,' lhlllj m Agency of Japan. In region 1, only the re- 0 0 ! "' :' "'(\ i, ,'i : mm rm ),°), ° _mm 'd appearance is visible; in region 3, only ' ;°A° . ' \\¢'\Ys", J"":/""' S\,"=m¶ =Lm /!!'(!' :: "" disappearance may be seen. Reappearance oc- 'i S , ml -" \· /1 A'¥m l curs at sunset along a dashed curve, while 12- _ "y \,1" '" ' I mv i , : ' i \j'\,,, / j ' "mm L disappearance is at sunrise along a curve of Le i , i ._. ' _ '^ " ' i ' \J"Ct LGmxnLGmxn " " : alternating dots and dashes. We have added a legend to each map indicating the phase of
IQ the moon at the time of the event. 1e39't7 |90!77 |91!77 192177 mln t94!77 195. 77j 'M'm m|e
L:xatkjn U,mr Hurt, Don . % Fa, 12 U.T. Those interested in observing partial occul- New ZzcKnd GRAZING OCCULTATION OF 41 LIBRAE A V b My M.. tations should request predictions at least three months in advance, from joseph Senne; hlersectbn of Central Grcjte Predicted Limiti 175° OS' 5714E; 4|" OS' a".4 S. P.0. Box 643; Ro11a, MO 65401; U.S.A.; tele- \[hllh 44mu[44mUT 45m 46m4Dm 46m4(jm Ids16S (jO 44"mm 443m3m phone 3]4,363-6233. ""\."., '"\" :! ..1')'"{,1',," a ' ', " I C I ta s "=/,,, \'b:\t¶{" -\ 'Recym'v ,n' jr" ,-" ,' 7i 4— " m'=/u, \;\C ",, ,mm,smooth M_Moon iQ /t/ /{ ,:":,,,"\, ,,' ' 3_ , 4 Term noter r i HQA9¢1Ls ,\ 4 \, Term1( noter TJ' - I ,'"' ·'i 2 2— --=:- -"'4 ------'"-e --—- I jl"'g"g" ' " -- --- " " µ(yg4\ ·'1_ 'X,, a : "T ' -kS _0 --m=' --- - \ µ(yg4\ ·'1_ 'X,, a : "F ' -K-----E) -- - --x mm--" - - - " f"" 1> " j 7 e ":"":Z ;'Jx;" ["°' " F:":;t '":°<">y " ', preactecj ProfA , "—q: / T ' " " Cbservcmon -I— E t " b, , X " "'° 1 1 % - "" \ , t i hmipted 7 _ e Mbncnlfr , m"X'j'¢nt P-ohk i; ¢0, ,,,, .\\ t , _McGovin._McGov,11. ",'L, E"jE2, , _____.-_____., _ , A 2 2 . C}'Kmr ' 9 3_ x ' % " "/P0 "60' , /. '" , -"' r , , , r r , _ , zn EKny ' K—(kK3[1Anl " / /f, .' 11 jo 4 ^ . Y. A L . "" ~ " t / " 2 _ ,,. "' ' :3ue/mwALda/ mrv "'\,,\:Yy //!":' i n? ' , ",, i\j / I ? e nArejt '· ' ' i |·3 . _, .. . ,, . / ,·' 1 |q 6— . :- ·': " " 'go" ' ' , -go" My1"cF) \\,\\\jGu / 1/ 1 |q a Zbo " " - "" ' 30' — -" ", ,q§S" "" "- . 3 2 My1·cF) \ 'k>) , I lh iS 7_ P /1 " ~ ~ i f I t ' lh iS _/ =ScxxXnar·=nu[ "jAm "s ,,, , i } m I" 8— I " . " - · !6'" A$ ' I 9— r " . \ ~ . " " ,cS m 3 ,89 (g, |9d 91 19j91 m igj |9g91 19cj91 195 61 K)6!4 |97|91 ¢98!9| - 1986 Ill 11 " 1986 lV 5 "'" .. / LOCATION: Wau· Angk DATE: -,, # !i! VENUS . I- g « X » VESTA S "%· UPPER HUT T. NEW ZEALAND. GRAZING OCCULTATION OF 28 LIBRAE. 1985 MARI]. ,-,,,0--?0;YSN" -a., !jAK. :"U, 4wp nm ^ r 276
K I = -? ,r ' ©'tS2" ·6W__ [ L.'IQ' 4 I -0' I : / Itb?O' 1150 ..IBO" X \, '>x'["7" "°' ,' " "'"'~:< O. I-y .X m,"- i "9'7 1>:" " "X' °%; "C=µ' ' "" " 19136 IX 13 " i < '"' 9k R b/!ARS y' \ 1 ,\5()' ea:' .S""j - , , >..', "g' '\/)"g t P i G \ " .'6q" - , ,¶3." -- -- " . 'f )4- / ". C,.1, _ c2'4';'°' , ,' ' \ . ", ' :A I 'P,-" 2:, _ , . _ . _ . ·' ·'"" " ' -:<' ' ,1,"%( 3 D '\, El ) ' "IDA- /t"-f ' , "" . " " 1?0' ,, . , . ,,, I ·" . . ,y°i " , ' '· . \ u? ' 6 I t - _. ' " "¢9O: · V UK)" I %)' .L > ,. '. ' - " ,\. "?;% ' ": ' _— .-. _ "" 73%" ', i \:)j::j':?zg\ \ , "El 1986 VI"",23 '-m-' , - - r 0' /Y-»:_ -10· /"bq / , . L. , " 'k R MARS -. ·· .- -')iI)I)j),I) :° , \ ,jr u l8|7 f° ,: , " !,;,.6 °1 I 0' - 150' - J261986I VIII 2L"
" -j 7/ t.' "lb'. '- ' ( -go' -lX) -' . '-. - 30" \ ' 3o'r ' , . - /i"/ ' " A , 3 % + - °. '"Y, , .t- Y ,e k e jUPITER go" , ,'" ,: ':\i, "'P, 1 n' ' ' ,* U ,"100' ,e 2 . ~ · b " . K , "Y · ' '. .1/ .. _ I " "- _. ' bj "7 ,0j' '%7 ': ' ;C ' S :i ' r 0 "go" I 0, 3' ' " '""0' \ h, _ 2 > ,b:S"' - .3 __ , 4CJ' ' 9 6 % - · ' ' ' ~ " S \ Q 0 ''" -30' 1"%; ]986. XI 3 - - g ,, . m' " * ii?. MERCURY "' "'cg X \-<1 JX^Q'jso· I 0 +1-· ·sLs: '. "i =>=m":'-t ±"i: :_ , H. ,"",1986" 37=u-'°'V 4 " i "\¥"g 5>"'=""=' °:_ e=LL"°' 1·0· -I %0· 'i tEen ------!- 1¢86 X ! --i +:-L:'§· " """"""""" " '"':&ZT , " / .- --- ~NU. 'k E ¥ERCURY .. <. _! $rt 60' -·-- -'- -_" :=""" -·"·=' . - ' 06C' &6ti4.S& S & Occulted object Mag. 1":>d " "fi ° "" I ; ' '>", ,i,, 4: : ZSc49J>i7.4. & & ( Venus ) - 3.4 « x 5' ( Vesta ) + 8.3 « x 5' ( Vesta ) ' + 8.2 ' '"k.iiG¥)ii"' '"'")':""")" :k & ( Mars ) - 2.1 :"-—-- Jj< S:,)-' "- ", -< " " "" " "' :k E ( Mars) - 2.4 :, ,' ,' " \\'Yi q'j. .: ,ic ;k m ( Mars ) - 1.8 " )"" "' 6,_ """\ 'r '"" "' ""' '' ' )Ult:Ex*, '":- =- ' —' " * m ( Jupiter ) - 2.4 - '0'--- " - " _ " 1_" , A - " ' -?0' :k & ( Mars ) - 1.1 ,1%. - -,, t"3!j,m. )'. --il?i-?-i%,,:, " * & ( M ercury ) - 0.1 L 3 % " : 1 i I i I ,:, * & ( Mercury ) + 0.8 - .0'—-_ + 3r_ ——— '60" i --+- 'W - 1 J ' jxr .. .. t ISO' - CO"
GRAZING OCCULTATION PREDICTIONS waxing-phase grazes and 0':25 north from 16 waning- phase grazes. Consequently, we recomend shifting - David KL Dunham the ACLPPP version 78A profile 0!'3 north when plan- ning to observe all northern-limit grazes with B.D. Corrections to Southern-limit Graze Predictions. declination zones greater than +05 (generally stars Observations during the last couple of years have with Z.C. numbers less than 1600 or USNO X numbers shown that southern-limit waning-phase Cassini-re- less than 16500). These grazes generally occur on gion grazes generally are shifting about 0'J5 south. the dark limb from April through September. Since Consequently, you should shift the observing range individual star position errors can have larger ef- O:S south of that predicted by the version 78A pro- fects, it is recommended that you scan the observed- file for these cases, which can be recognized on the graze lists published in last November's, and later, ACLPPP profiles as consisting of predominantly 3's issues to see whether a graze of the same star has and 4's (previously observed graze data). The Watts been observed. If you find one, shift your profile angle range is 180° to about 188°, for latitude ii- by the amount given in the Shift column (if there is brations less than -1° and for all longitude 1ibra- an entry) rather than the average value of m, to tions. Only the observed-graze points (3's and 4's) obtain a more accurate prediction. There is some should be shifted south; if there are also *'5 and evidence for a corresponding southward trend for other points, they should not be shifted. Unless northern-limit southern-declination stars, but there the star is bright enough to observe against the are not enough recent observations of these events moon's sunlit limb, these grazes always occur during to form useful statistics. the waning phases between full and new moon, and us- ually occur from November through March. Error in ACLPPP Profiles for Some Multiple Stars. For stars with double star codes of K, L, T, V, X, Corrections to Northern-limit Graze Predictions. Y, Z, and $, the close components should both be Don Stockbauer and I have noticed that most north- offset from a mean position (the center of light) ern-limit grazes of northern-declination stars dur- between the two stars, rather than both offset from ing the last couple of years have shifted a small the primary star, as has been done in the past. I amount north from the 78A profile prediction, on the discovered this error only recently, because most average. The actual averages are mo north from 14 close components for these double star codes are 279
possibilities will E be published in the ? ¥ . m © +S' a t: '" r4 R R next issue of Qc- ¢ r a " E : r cultation Newslet- N L D f E ·0 e 7 ,t$4' , 'a: ,:" ,.·' r tt "ter for events
E ·1 Ir aO possibly visible 'n CD t a I V m m .C from North America CO 3 " b r r " B. If r r and Europe, and t I E i!! ; , t D N I D will be distribut- ^ W r ~ ed to regional co- F.! ^ G 0 ordinators by Jim " \b J B V r 0 0 " m Stamm (as for Gof- > \ . « fin's predictions r \_ q \ " V \ t D t of asteroidal qc- 0 . q I K r X .. \ cultations of r )iI\ ' I \ . stars) for events mus 7 ¶ \ \ . \ visible elsewhere. \t
dV V E N itE ' r4 H Y n 4 ·-m X S :t V V 4
(O'OC6|) uo!43g!p00
ASTEROIDAL APPULSE AND OCCULTATION OBSERVATIONS (402) Chloe and anonymous star, Feb 16: Six Belgian observers all recorded no events: C. Baetens and H. jim Stann Riemig at Boechout, R. Boninsegna at Dourbes, L. Louys at Charneux, and Y. Thirionet and L. Zimmer- I have received several reports that were too late mann at Brussels. to include in this article. They were sent to some- one else, and although most were forwarded to me im- (7) Iris and SAD 94467, Feb 16: (O.N. 3 (12) 251). mediately, some did not make it in time. They will Roland Boninsegna reports that a record 28 stations be be included in my next article. Another reason participated in this European event. All but one for delays is that observation reports are not on recorded misses: Belgium — Boninsegna, P. Matagne, familiar forms. Although reports in the form of and Z. Przbylo at Dourbes; F. Ciette, A. Jorissen, letters or notes will suffice, it helps me if they and L. Zimermann at Brussels; 1A. Coenen and J. Van are on any of the usual forms. These forms are Camp at Waar1oos; J-P. Heylen at Gozee; L. Louys at K_ available from me, IOTA, and most of the coordina- Charneux; B. Thooris at Wervik; C. Baetens at Boe- tors. My address is Rt. 13 Box 109; London, KV chout; J. Bourgeois at Reux; R. Dc Bosscher at Ever- 40741; U.S.A. gem; P. Dc Nayer at Sterrebeek; j. Fruru at Merksem; j. Schwaenen at Marcine11e; and bd. Verhaegen at Wet- (I) Ceres and B.D. +8° 471, Nov 13, 1984: (O.N. 3 teren. France — Halbwachs at Molsheim; R. Heidmann (12) 250). Barbara Jones, not Smith was the partner at St. Maurice/Vernon; j. Lecacheux at Caen; S. Mak- of Ted Dunham (Grand Turk chord). At the time of symowicz at Chapet; P. Maza1rey at Vernon; Brade1, the observation, Barbara was only to be a 'Smith', M. Dumont, and A. Figer at Paris; and the Meudon Ob- after she married J. Allyn Smith, the Melbourne servatory. The Netherlands — H. Bulder at Zoeter- chord observer. meer; and six observers led by j. Warmerdam at Em- men. Spain — P. Coleron, M. March, j. Ilia and J. (97) Klotho and SAD 130198, jan 10, 1985: (O.N. 3 Marti at Mataro; and C. E. Torres at San Sebastian. (12) 251). A. Manna at Minusio, Switzerland saw no j. Barthes at Castres, France, reported an event un- event, nor did 5 Italian observers: P. Baruffetti der unstable skies, and his observation was incon- and G. Pacifico at Massa, R. Di Luca at Bologna, and sistent with actual conditions. two Gr. Astr. Savonesi observers at Savona. (564) Dudu and SAD 76544, Feb IB: (O.N. 3 (12) (206) Hersilia and SAD 94422, jan 18: (O.N. 3 (11) 251). None of the following European observers de- 230). P. Baruffetti saw no event at Massa, Italy. tected any events: Belgium — C. Baetens and H. Rie- mig at Boechout; R. Boninsegna at Dourbes; L. Louys (488) Kreusa and SAD 60442, jan 19: No occultation at Charneux; Y. Thirionet and L. Zimmermann at Brus- was seen by R. Dc Bosscher at Evergem, Belgium, nor sels; B. Thooris at Wervik; R. Dc Bosscher at Ever- by P. Baruffetti at Massa, Italy. gem; F. Van Loci at Itegem; and Id. Verhaegen at Wet- teren. France — S. Maksymowicz at Chapet; P. Rous- (747) Winchester and SAD 95375, jan 22: (O.N. 3 selot at Besancon; A. Figer at Paris; R. Mai11er at (12) 251). H. Bulder saw no event at Zoetermeer, Pontai11er; J. Via11e at La Rochelle; and the Meudon Netherlands, nor did Belgian observers C. Baetens at Observatory. The Netherlands — H. Bu1der at Zoeter- Boechout, and R. Dc Bosscher at Evergem. meer. Italy — F. Tu1ipani at Bologna. 280
(51) Nemausa and 10.6-mag. star, Feb 19: (O.N. 3 jul 20: French observers F. Vaissiere and J. Royer (12) 251). No occultation was seen by H. Bulder at saw a miss from St-Etienne. j. Lecacheux recorded a Zoetermeer, Netherlands, the Meudon Observatory, nor 7.5-second extinction at Montpe11ier, but has deter- by Belgian observers A. Lheureux and Y. Thirionet at mined that it was due to clouds because the above- Brussels, and B. Thooris at Wervik. mentioned observers were exactly at the same place perpendicular to Adeona's motion. P. Mazalrey also '(454) Mathesis and AGK3 +13° 1117, Mar 12: (O.n. 3 recorded a miss at Vernon, France. Other misses (12) 252). No events were observed by C. Baetens at were reported by Aloy Domenech at Sampsor, Spain, C. BoshQek, Belgium, S. Maksymowicz at Moisson, France; Gualdoni at Mt. Penice, Italy, P. Rousselot at Jung- the Meudon Observatory; nor by Spanish observers J. fraujoch, Switzerland, and the jungfraujoch Observa- Ripero, A. Gomez, and D. Rodriguez at Madrid. tory. An occultation was observed from La Paz, Bo- livia; this and several South American miss observa- (198) Ampe11a and SAD 77087, Mar 12: (O.N. 3 (12) tions will be reported in my next article. 252). Misses were reported by the Meudon Observato- ry, and French observers S. Maksymowicz at Moisson (21) Lutetia and sad 93083 = 38 Arietis, Aug 9: I and R. Mailler at Pontai11er, as well as by C. Bae- observed no events from 07:00 to 07:}5 at London, tens at Boshoek, Belgium; and A. Gomez and D. Rodri- KV. The star remained fairly steady, although fog guez at Madrid, Spain. permitted only first-magnitude stars to be seen with
the naked eye. Benny Roberts also recorded no event \ Mars and SAD 92739, Mar 17: S. Maksymowicz recordCd from 06:55 to 07:15 at jackson, MS, as did David an occultation at Moisson, France, but did not sup- Dunham from 07:08 to 07:14 at Silver Spring, MD. ply any details. (28) Be11ona and SAD 74620, Aug IS: Luigi Baldine1- p/Halley and anonymous star, Mar 17: French observ- 1i and Stefano Trentini detected no photoelectric ers S. Maksymowicz at Moisson, and R. Heidmann and event from 23:30 to 24:00 at Bologna, Italy. P. Mazalrey at Vernon recorded misses. P. Morel re- ported an event at Saint Saulve, France, but it was (28) Bellona and sad 162924, Aug 17: Ferruccio Gin- at the limit of visibility, and inconsistent with elli saw no occultation from 21:25 to 21:59 at Fort- the latest path determination, which placed the aleza, Brazil. He saw the asteroid pass south of event over Africa. the star, with the images joined between 21:40 and 21:50, at 500 power. Luigi Baldine11i, Muzzi, and (1022) olympiada and anonymous star, Apr 8: M. Nore11i detected no photoelectric event from 21:21 March and J. Marti both report no event at Matero, to 21:40 at Bologna, Italy. Spain. (1036) Ganymed and SAD 38952, Aug 22: Greg Lyzenga (275) Sapientia and SAD 139564, Apr 15: (O.N. 3 saw no occultation from 07:36 to 08:06 at La Verne, (12) 252). Italian observers P. Baruffetti at Mas- CA. The two images were fused together for about 4 sa, and R. DI Luca and F. Tulipani at Bologna saw no minutes, centered on about 07:50, and the asteroid occultation, and none were detected from the Meudon appeared to pass slightly south of the star. Thomas Observatory (France). we know from the previously Langhans observed photoelectrically from 07:47:05 to reported American observations that the actual path 08:00:16 at San Bruno, CA. He recorded a larger- crossed northern Africa. than-normal drop in count at 07:51:18 (l-second in- tegration period). Benny Roberts saw no occultation (12) Victoria and SAD 183095, Apr 21: (O.N. 3 (12) from 07:55 to 08:10 at Jackson, MS, and Paul Maley 253). P. Hernando and J. Soldevi11a saw no event at and others in the Houston, TX, area also had a miss. Vilanova, Spain. (230) Athamantis and SAD 108412, Aug 25: Three ex- (746) Marlu and SAD 138569, May I: (O.N. 3 (12) posures obtained with the 18-inch astrograph at Low- 253). Andrea Manna saw a 1.8-second occultation ell Observatory were measured and the results given around 23:32. to David Dunham, who computed a path shift of 1:'13 south with time 2.5 min. early. Since the implied (1771) Makover and SAD 81369, May 2: (O.N. 3 (12) path crossed Glacier National Park at 11:53 UT and 253). Negative observations were recorded by T. To- Vancouver, BC, at 11:54, Dunham phoned Richard Link- bal at Vilanova, Spain, R. Heidmann and P. Mazelrey letter, who notified several observers in the"area. at Vernon, France, and S. Maksymowicz at Moisson, The only report is from Howard Louth, Sedro Valley, France. WA, who saw a miss, thinking that Athamantis passed north of the star. That would be in agreement with (625) Xenia and SAD 99935, May 8: (O-n. 3 (12) measurements of four Lick exposures, which implied a 253). P. Hernando, P. Soler and j. Soldevi11a saw path of 0!'48 S ±O';iO, which passed just north of Ed- no occultation at Vilanova, Spain. monton, Alberta, and crossed central British Colum- . bia, and just south of Japan and over southeastern (578) Happelia and SAD 98974, May 20: (O.N. 3 (12) China on the other side of the pacific Ocean. 253). Y. Thirionet saw no event at Brussels, bel- glum, nor did T. Toba1 at Vilanova, Spain. (230) Athainantis and SAD 108346, Sep i: Larry Was- serman computed a path equivalent to 0!'41 south from Saturn and 34 Librae, May 23-24: Misses for this the Aug 19 Lowell exposures. This was updated to close appulse predicted by j. Meeus were reported by 0'.'20 south ±(1!'25 based on additional plates taken French observers P. Mazelrey at St. Sauveur, F. Tex- Aug 24 and 25. Using these predictions, Dunham dis- ier at Marci}1y, the Meudon Observatory, and the Pie tributed a special notice to over 130 groups and in- du Midi Observatory. dividual observers, most of whom were not already subscribing to o.n. Unfortunately, even more Lowell (145) Adeona and sad 190822 = n piscis Austrini a, plates taken up to about Aug 28 gave very different 281
paths, leading the Lowell astronomers to conclude tude begin at 04:58:11.2. It lasted for 20 to 30 that the new filter/plateholder combination for seconds, and there was no sudden increase in bright- their telescope was giving slightly comatic images ness. Brent Sorenson at Cedar City, UT, reported a which could not be measured accurately. As this is- slight diming ("..probably clouds") for 1 to 2 sec- sue goes to press, these problems had not been fixed onds that began at 04:55:26. Clouds dimed Pat Wig- and Lowell remained astrometrica11y out of comis- gins' observation at Tooele, UT, at 04:58 and 05:01. "sion. He began observing at 04:50, and saw the images merge just after 04:52, and remain fused until just Fortunately, Arnold Klemola's measurements of the before 05:03, when he finished. Greg Lyzenga esti- Lick Aug 23rd plate (see Aug 25 above) came to the mated closest approach at La Verne, CA, to be ap- proximately 04:57. He could not determine side of rescue. They gave a path of 0'28 north ±0:12 (with time 1.7 min. early), passing just north of San closest approach because the images remained coa- Francisco and Sacramento, CA, and north of everyone lesced for about 8 minutes. Six other California to whom Dunham had distributed the special notice. observers reported misses: Jim Young at Red Moun- Unfortunately, it was mostly cloudy in the estimated tain (04:56 - 05:01), Robert Moss at East Palo Alto, path in northern California, where Dunham had tele- Jim Van Nuland at San jose, Gene Harlan at the Lick phoned many observers during the 24 hours preceding Observatory, Bill Owen at Altadena, and Don Macholz the event. Using a 36-cm Schmidt-Cass. 2 km south- at Grand Ranch Park. m east of Loyalton, CA, at path 0!'32 north, John West- fall observed the only actual disappearance, at 04: (230) Athamantis and SAD 108226, sep 7: This star 57:10.4. At 04:57:23 patchy clouds covered the was also on the Lick plate, and Dunham's calculation field for about a minute, and the star had reap- gave a path of 0!'45 north with time 4.1 min. early. peared when the field cleared. Duration was at Activities relating to G-Z (see p. 291) delayed this least ]2.5 seconds. Richard Bochonko saw no event calculation, so that Dunham was unable to notify ob- at the University of Manitoba ((L'26 north), from 04: servers in Asia about the shift before the event. 51 to 04:57, so Dunham believes the path center was probably a little north of Loyalton (ca. 0'!35 N). (70) Panopaea and SAD 76770, Nov S: Measurement of At Boone, CO, Walter Russell observed from 04:50 to three Lick Observatory exposures shows that the path 05:01, and saw much dimming due to clouds. A disap- is at 0:28 south "mo with time correction 4.4 ±0.4 pearance at 04:54:15, lasting 1 to 1.5 second seemed minutes early. This path crosses the southern Baha- to be abrupt, and he feels that there was a possi- mas at 03:28 UT, Cuba at 03:29, and the Yucatan Pen- bility of having observed a grazing occultation, but insula and Mexico a short distance south of Mexico rates the "the reliability of the observation as City at 03:30. Dunham telephoned observers in Mexi- low." Robert Lorenzo observed at Santa Monica, CA, co City and southernmost Florida, where the occulta- from 04:48 to 05:01, and saw a dimming of 0.2 magni- tion could occur.
UPCOMING OCCULTATIONS BY COMETS expected magnitude drop. In late October, Paul Ma- Icy estimated that Halley's nucleus is already near- David 1L Dunham ly 11th mag., rather brighter than my calculated values. So the occultations of stars fainter than Predictions of numerous occultations of stars by tenth magnitude may be very difficult to observe. comets Halley and Giacobini-Zinner (G-Z) were given in an article starting on p. 253 of the last issue." Differences between Yeomans' and my ephemerides of The predicted paths of both comets are now a few to G-Z were discussed on p. 257 of the last issue. The several arc seconds south of the ephemerides used to same problem exists with Halley, but it is generally calculate those predictions. I have generated new smaller; during 7985, the maximum difference amounts occultation lists using International Halley Watch to 0!'23. The correct path is indicated by "YEOMANS" (IHW) orbits #31 for G-Z and #28 for Halley, both on the regional maps. The updated (IHW28) paths are computed at the end of Septanber by D. Yeomans at drawn in on SOma's world maps, which are not availa- J.P.L. I have redone the A.C. search for Halley, ble for the new events not listed last time. SOma's finding some new events and showing that some previ- maps were prepared with JHhl 24 ephemeris data for ously listed events now miss the earth's surface to Halley used for the predictions in the last issue. the south. I also have included occultations of SAD The times given on SOma's maps are a few minutes in stars in 1986 originally identified by E. Bowell and error; use the times given in the table, since the L. Wasserman at Lowell. "Postdictions" are included predicted time of the occultation using orbit IHW 28 for some of the better events during October. In always will be within 2 minutes of the tabular time. that month, many observers were looking for Halley, In the titles for the regional maps, ignore the and it's possible that someone noticed one of the "(2)" preceding the name "P/HALLEY." Maps for the appulses by chance. 1986 events will be published in the next issue. Finder charts have not been prepared for the new The tables are similar to the ones in the last is- Halley events since other charts published in Sky sue, using "diameters" of 50 and 100 km for G-Z and and Telescope and elsewhere should be adequate for Halley, respectively. See the article about obser- finding the comet. Once you find the comet, you vations of G-Z appulses (P. 291) for a discussion of should be able to find the target star before the the probable smaller size of observable dinning. occultation a short distance east of the nucleus. When Halley is at its brightest, it probably will The distance between the target star and the nucleus have a dust production about ten times larger than can be calculated from the motion in the second ta- G-Z in early Septanber, according to N. Divine. The ble; multiply the value there by 2.5 to get the rate magnitudes given are considerably brighter than nuc- in arc seconds per minute of time. SAD 203904, oc- lear magnitudes, to try to represent approximately culted on 1986 April 16, is a double star. The oc- the total brightness in the near-nucleus region cultation of SAD 179904 on April 24 occurs deep in which would contribute to the observability of the (Text"continues on page 283) 282
In the tables, name G means Comet Giacobini-Zinner; name H means Comet Halley. Ephemeris source is omitted from Table I to save space (see the first paragraph of the text). Assumed diameters: G " 50 km; H = 100 km.
Table 1
COMET S T A R OCCULTATION El M 0 0 N DATE .U.T. NAME my A.AU SAD No my Sjz r.a.(1950)dc'. em, gu.'. Stf. ,L Possible Area SUN El %Sn1 Up
October, 1985 0.59 152379 8.0 895 7h03"8 9 7h49"G 13.7 -10°05'5.8 3' 9 34 Labrador, Newfoundland 87° 43° 29- all 19 6 22 H 13.2 1.46 11 .6 5 55:2 20 53 1.8 6 14 21 s. Brazil,Bo1ivia,n.Chile 116 171 33+ none 20 1 04 H 13.2 1.43 12.0 5 53.9 20 56 1.5 613 21 Europe. U.K. 117 161 41+ none 20 14 15 H 13.1 1.41 12.8 5 52.9 20 58 0.9 5 13 2] n.e. Pacific, Taiwan 118 154 47+w130°E 21 10 28 H 13.1 1.39 12.0 5 51.3 21 01 1.4 5 12 20 Tahiti, Fiji 119 142 56+ w140W 28 6 27 H 12.6 1.18 10.5 5 34.9 21312.2 4 917 s.e. Canada, n.w. U.S.A. 130 55 100' ail 29 20 19 H ]2.4 1.14 12.1 5 29.9 21380.9 4 816 Japan,China,Mideast,Libya 133 35 99- all 30 0 07 H 12.4 1.13 11.6 5 29.4 2139}.2 4 816 w.India, Arabia, n.Africa 133 33 99- all 30 9 58 H ]2.4 ].12 10.2 5 28.0 21412.3 4 816 n. Canada, A1aska?s 134 28 97- all November, 1985 4 359H12.0 0.99 12.} 509.0 2201 0.7 3 614 Argentina, Chile 143 34 67- e 55\A " 42329H 11.9 0.97 12.7 505.1 22040.7 3 614 n.w.U.S.S.R., Scandinavia 145 45 59- all 6 638H]1.8 0.93 11.3 458.5 22081.0 3 514 Cuba, Mexico 147 63 45- e100kl 7 19 23 H 11.6 0.89 11.0 449.9 22121.1 3 513 Ma1aya,SriLanka,c.Africa 151 85 29- e 95E 7 23 19 H 11.6 0.89 12.0 449.0 22120.6 3 513 w.U.S.S.R.,n.Europe,U.K. 151 88 28- e 20E 10 3 59 H ]1.4 0.84 11.6 435.1 22140.6 3 512 1\1ger'ia,lberia,seUSA,nMex 157 122 9- e 5!4 12 23 20 H 11.1 0.78 76535 9.0 A3 414.6 22082.2 2 411 southern Africa 164 ]69 0+ none 13 0 24 H 11.1 0.78 ]2.5 414.3 22080.3 2 411 central Africa, Amazon 164 170 0+ none 14 19 38 H10.9 0.74 11.6 359.4 21 570.4 2 411 Ma1aya,slndia,centAfrica 170 159 7+ W 5E 1510 45 H10.8 0.73 11 .2 353.8 21520.6 2 411 centra1Pacific,Queensiand 171 149 12+ w150E 15 ]9 50 H 10.8 0.72 10.9 350.4 21480.7 2 410 Japan,China,sljSSR,Mediter 172 142 15+ W 0 16 1 38 H 10.7 0.72 12.0 348.2 21460.3 2 410 centAfrica,Brazil,Bo1ivia 173 138 17+ W SOW 16 ]8 49 G14.5 0.82 197937 9.2 7 21.6 -33 28 5.3 5 20 72 w. Pacific, e. Austa1ia 103 120 23+ none 16 22 19 H 10.6 0.70 10.4 340.1 21360.9 2 310 South Africa 176 124 25" W 15E 19 14 27 H 10.7 0.67 8.2 AO 313.1 20512.6 2 319 New Zealand, Tasmania?n 174 82 52+ w155E 19 ]5 51 H10.5 0.67 10.7 312.5 20500.7 2 310 sPh'1pnls,seAsia,nlndOc'n 174 81 53+ w125E 21 1511 H10.5 0.64 10.5 251.1 20020.7 2 3 9 Hokkaido,neChina,Tibetg-) 167 52 72+ w150E 22 5 18 H 10.5 0.64 11.3 244.5 19450.4 2 3 9 CanaryIs,FL,Mcx ( , 165 43 77+ W 45W 22 8 32 H 10.5 0.64 ]0.9 243.0 19410.6 2 3 9 southern USA Pakistan 164 41 78+ W 95W 23 3 54 H 10.5 0.63 ]1.9 233.8 19160.3 2 3 9 Brazil, Peru 161 30 84+ all 25 17 14 H 10.5 0.62 11.1 204.4 17420.5 2 3 9 southwestern Australia 152 9 97+ all 27 20 41 H 10.6 0.62 9.7 GS 139.8 1609].3 2 3 9 wChina,kazakhstan,sEurope 144 40 100- all 28 21 39 H 10.6 0.62 9.0 128.1 ]5211.9 2 3 9 nUSSR, Greenland, nCanada 140 55 98- all December, 1985 1 948H10.8 0.63 10.6 101.2 13190.8 239nwCanada,A1aska,eSiberia 130 92 86- e120E 2 210H10.8 0.64 9.3G5 054.2 12461.7 2 3 9 Amazon, Colombia 128 ]02 81- e 76W """ 4 145H10.9 0.66 11.7 0 34.9 1108 0:4 2 310 Greenland, northernCanada 121 132 64- e 85W 4 845H10.9 0.66 11.9 032.1 10530.4 2 310 A1aska,kamchatka,Hokkaido 120 136 61- e170W 7 656H}1.1 0.69 11.6. 0 06.8 8360.5 2 410 swMexico?n;centra1Pacific 110 1 70 29- none 7 11 28 H 11.1 0.70 11.2 0 05.3 8280.7 2 410 japan?n; southern China no 168 27- none 9 455H11.2 0.72 11.5 23 52.1 7120.6 2 410 USA(SCtoAZ), Bajaca1, HI 104 143 I]- none 9 20 10 H 11.2 0.73 128409 8.6 GO 23 47.6 6462.4 2 41] southern Africa 103 133 7- none 1116 36 H11.3 0.76 10.5 23 35.2 5331.2 3 4]1 Seychelles, Tanzania 97 103 0- none 14 10 14 G 12.0 0.99 ]97296 10.1 FO 6 50.3 -38 02 2.1 6 23 29 New Zealand, Queens1and?s 116 ]14 8+ w170E 15 20 29 H 11.5 0.84 128050 9.1 GS 23 11.4 3102.5 3 524 Lapland, Newfoundland 87 38 1 9" W 30W 26 9 42 H 11.8 1.05 146146 8.9 MB 22 30.1 -1 02 2.9 4 8 30 n. Europe?s (1!'4 miss) 65 104 99+ all January, 1986 11 9 49 G 12.6 1.22 196652 9.8 F8 6 15.3 -33 22 2.9 4 18 71 e. Australia, kl. Irian?w 122 115 1+ all March, 1986 3 11 25 G 14.0 1.89 151324 8.5 K2 6 15.6 -16 44 5.5 3 14 110 Antarctic,NZ;Marsha11ls?w 107 131 51- s 35S 28 14 59 H 10.8 0.60 270769 8.9 B9 18 54.9 -34 20 2.1 3 4 17 Antarctica, New Zea1and?n 86 61 92- all April, 1986 6 729HI0.0 0.44 227471 9.6 16 53.0 -45 40 1.0 2 2 13 Antarctica; Tierra del Fuego?n 116 83 9- none 7 7 52 H 9.9 0.43 226884 8.5 B9 16 29.9 -4634].7 2 213 Amazon, Peru 120 99 4- none 12 3 29 H 9.6 0.42 224955 9.0 F5 14 25.8 -46061.1 2 212 Antarctica?n (2!'3 miss) 140 152 8+ none 13 5 59 H 9.6 0.42 224622 9.5 A3 13 58.8 -44480.8 2 212 Tierrade1 Fuego?n; Tahiti 143 ]46 14+ w145H 14 17 30 H 9.6 0.44 224173 9.6 A2 13 26.0 -42320.8 2 213 Antarctica:South Africa?n 147 129 25" W 40E 16 14 19 H 9.8 0.46 203912 9.2 GO 12 51.0 -39111.1 2 313 cent & w Pacific, e China 149 103 42+ w140E 16 15 05 H 9.8 0.46 203904 6.8 K2 12 50.5 -39073.0 2 313 Guam,japan,korea,ne China 149 103 42+ w140E 16 16 53 H 9.8 0.46 203882 9.1 GS 12 49.2 -38581.1 2 313 nAustra1ia,lndia,Pakistan 149 102 43' w100E 18 19 51 H10.0 0.50 203363 9.2 GS 12 18.0 -34571.2 2 314 s.e. Australia, S. Africa 149 72 64" W 60E 24 12 02 H10.7 0.62 179904 6.8 KO I] 25.1 -25353.9 3 418 N.Z.,Queens1and,lndonesia 140 39 10E all 283
the partial phases just before totality begins dur- The remainder of this article consists of figures ing the lunar eclipse on April 24. relating not only to the occultations listed here, but also relating to asteroidal occultations. No finder chart is published for 5.3-mag. SAD 190559 Table 2 (Text continues overleaf)
COMET DATA MOTION S T A R STELLAR DIAMETER COMPARISON DATA APPARENT DATE NAME DIAM RSOI °/Day EA SAD No DM No- D m: m Time .d.f. S AGK3 No Shift Time RA. Dec.
October, 1985 7h05'!'5 -I 0"08' 9 G om 52 0.994 157° 152379 -09"1844 0.08 35 2 0.2 S 19 H 0.09 270 0.390 279 C 5 57.3 20 53 20 H 0.10 269 0.410 279 C 5 56.0 20 56 20 H 0.10 268 0.426 279 C 5 55.0 20 58 21 H 0.10 266 0.450 279 C 5 53.5 21 02 28 H 0.12 254 0.698 276 C 5'37.0 2) 32 29 H 0.12 251 0.772 276 C 5 32.1 21 40 30 H 0.12 251 0.780 276 C 5 31 .6 21 41 \_ 30 H 0.12 250 0.800 275 C 5 30.2 21 43 November, 1985 4 H 0.14 242 1.079 273 C 5 11.1 22 04 4 H 0.14 240 ].135 273 C 5 07.2 22 07 6 H 0.15 238 1.230 272 C 5 00.6 22 11 7 H 0.]5 235 1.351 27] C 4 52.1 22 16 7 H 0.16 235 1.365 271 C 4 51.1 22 16 ]0 H 0.16 231 1.557 270 C 4 37.3 22 18 225 1.828 268 76535 "21 616 XA N22° 405 0!'24 0"0 4 16.8 22 14 12 H 0.18 ' 4 ]6.4 22 13 13 H 0.18 225 1.832 268 C 14 H 0.]9 222 2.016 266 C 4 01.5 22 03 15 H 0.19 221 2.082 266 C 3 55.9 21 58 15 H 0.19 220 2.121 265 C 3 52.5 21 55 76 H 0.19 220 2.146 265 C 3 50.3 21 53 16 G 0.08 65 0.367 200 197937 S " 7 23.0 -33 31 16 H 0.20 218 2.234 264 C 3 42.2 21 43 19 H 0.21 213 2.492 262 +20 53] XA N20 295 3 15.2 20 59 ]9 H 0.21 213 2.497 262 C 3.14.6 20 58 21 H 0.21 209 2.656 260 C 2 53.] 20 11 22 H 0.22 208 2.695 259 C 2 46.5 19 54 22 H 0.22 208 2.704 259 C 2 45.0 ]9 50 23 H 0.22 206 2.749 259 C 2 35.8 19 25 25 H 0.22 201 2.832 256 KLH 1511 H 2 06.3 17 52 27 H 0.22 197 2.822 254 +15° "252 XA N16 }60 1 41.7 16 20 28 H 0.22 195 2.791 254 +14 228 A N15 1 1 30.1 15 32 " December, 1985 1 H 0.22 190 2.654 252 C 1 03.1 13 31 2 H 0.22 189 2.604 252 +12 114 XA N12 105 0 56.1 12 57 4 H 0.21 185 2.437 251 C 0 36.7 11 19 4 H 0.21 184 2.410 250 C 0 34.0 11 05 7 H 0.20 179 2.1 28 249 C 0 08.7 8 48 7 H 0.20 178 2.109 249 C 0 07.2 8 40 9 H 0.19 175 1.940 249 C 23 54.0 7 24 9 H 0.19 174 1.879 249 128409 +06 5207 0.18 95 2 0.6 A N06 3236 -0.11 -0.0 23 49.4 6 58 11 H 0.18 170 1 .707 248 C 23 37.0 5 45 · 14 G 0.07 76 0.286 273 ]97296 -37 3133 S 6 51.5 -38 05 15 H 0.16 162 1.368 248 128050 "02 4634 N 0.20 120 3 0.7 A N03 2986 -0.24 0.1 23 13.3 3 22 26 H ' 0.13 14] 0.813 248 146]46 -01 4309 AS SOl 2752 0.35 0.2 22 31.9 0 51 January, 1986 11 G 0.06 88 0.338 328 196652 -33 2858 S 6 16.6 -33 23 March, 1986 3 G 0.04 108 0.334 30 }51324 -16 1427 S 6 17.2 -16 45 28 H 0.23 145 2.083 234 210769 -3413269 S 18 57.3 -34 17 April, 1986 6 H 0.31 162 3.936 255 227471 -45 8209 S 16 55.7 -45 43 7 H 0.32 164 4.140 260 226884 -46 8059 S 16 32.6 -46 39 12. H 0.33 174 4.493 283 224955 -45 6861 S 14 28.2 -46 16 13 H 0.32 176 4.392 288 224622 -44 6616 S 14 0] .1 -44 58 14 H 0.32 179 4.164 294 224173 -42 6280 S 13 28.2 -42 43 16 H 0.30 ]83 3.770 300 203912 -38 8069 S 12 53.0 -39 23 16 H 0.30 183 3.762 300 203904 -38 8062 A G 12 52.5 -39 19 16 H 0.30 183 3.745 300 203882 -38 8043 S 12 51.2 -39 10 18 H 0.28 187 3.235 305 203363 -34 8087 S 12 19.9 -35 10 24 H 0.22 198 2.028 313 179904 -25 8682 G 11 26.9 -25 47 284
(41 Capricorni), to be occulted on Nov. 27 by (651) Antik1eia, since it already appears on the large- "-.__""" ' " _ " _ " 2" ,_rp'I E jjq -- 1'' field view at the top of p. 259 of the last issue. 41 Capricorni is the star near the left edge of the - 7? circled "+" marking the globular cluster M30. Paul Maley points out that on the same page, the small I): ' ?'. ,- S 0 rectangle for the occultation by (1036) Ganymed on Aug. 22 should be 10° of declination north of its Z . ' )1'\-C)ym : plotted position.
qk . j eg 8 ° 0 ° ° 99!J C' —1$ , "i" <, __ I " 22 4 0 c,e) "e', D 0C!P © g ° D 0 cg:e) H 'A & " " _ _ "" I Z ,a Q" ,e,,u %0°I, ;,O °:°!g :0: 22"" "4 —z,qgh8 "DC) (I)'g qC) " " m" . _ I 8 g.. ? ; 0 ,:, " I * * F 22 0 st C) °e'g "7) %°
0 C) , d9" C) d · 0 , C) 8 : 22 0 t9 0 0 % , " " j'\'"\ 8! Cl) ° g 0 D DIAMETER 100 Kf1 = 0."15 ° "'1!p _ ° ° °q ° '
m 1985 11 6 (2) P/HALLEY 2 I. 6 m je" C' 0|C' CC C) © n 5 \L " 58 4 56 3 ' ,= ::mSS,'Gv,la 4 3 · ,J '""""* " \ F $It' 1 Aqv 6 p/haLLEY / 1985 ovid p/haL le y . " \ " fh " * \ ' ' +24 , U +24 J 67 · " \ c' ct? nOO 0 0 0 Cl) Cl) , D D o% % ,3, : ?9 0 p 0 0 D in "'i ®T, 0 'I' 0 :. u? " ,, " C) ,0 0 Cl) , ,C . j " \\ -- ::' "' " S) : : D," C, , * { r" 3" O (lb 0 C) ,,.v · » c9 0 CB · Z, "2 ZZ Z Z Z El B 1| 0 R < O OS) ej CD ·r \ Npv- S 0° G ," 7 eb ? 0 , % C (5 n , ) h ij, cjj :-, t O e ° " OZ - +22 - 0 GU 0 0 0 D 0 0 e E? 66 X: !2"i" 9 e' C)( d!' " I " Gb 0 & ", 'P _!<+—~:jcjLu CI) (I) 0 +21 iiiii +21 d i m In i k i 2 4\ 2 5 D SB 56 54 4 52 40 38 36 34 32 JO 4 28
1985 NOV6 P/HALL EY 1j85NQV to P/HALLEY / \ :. 5h-7i: , ' ':" " ' :'0" (I) 4 i P'N6 ?7 " 0
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