DOCSLIB.ORG

Hydrology of Giant Springs Great Falls Montana

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Hydrology of Giant Springs Great Falls Montana University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 1976 Hydrology of Giant Springs Great Falls Montana Garry Ronald Grimestad The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Grimestad, Garry Ronald, "Hydrology of Giant Springs Great Falls Montana" (1976). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 7343. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/7343 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. HYDROLOGY OF GIANT SPRINGS, GREAT PALLS, MONTANA By Garry R. Grimestad Petroleum Engineer, Colorado School of Mines, I965 Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Forestry University of Montana 1 9 7 6 Approved hy: Chairman, Board of Examiners D ^ ^ 3 . I<^7Ù Date Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. UMI Number: EP38144 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMT UMI EP38144 Published by ProQuest LLC (2013). Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code ProQ^st: ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106 -1346 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ABSTRACT Grimestad, Garry R., M.S., December, 1976 Forestry Hydrology of Giant Springs, Great Falls, Montana (57 pp.) Director: Richard L. Konizeski /f? ^ A carbon-14 and geochemical investigation was conducted to de­ termine the recharge regimen and tra n s it time of water which issues from Giant Springs, near Great F alls , Montana. The source is meteoric and probably stream water which in filtr a te s into carbonate rocks of the Mississippian Age Madison Group: probably those exposed on the north flank of the L ittle Belt Mountains, approximately 40 to 65 kilometers (25 to 40 miles) south of Giant Springs. Transit time is not less than 2900 years, nor more than 6300 years. n Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I sincerely appreciate the advice and help rendered by Dr. Richard L. Konizeski of the University of Montana School of Forestry, Mr. Don L. Coffin of the United States Geological Survey, and others. They made significant contributions to this project. However, they are in no way responsible fo r any shortcomings contained herein. I l l Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT.................................................................................................................i i ACKNOWLEDGMENTS..............................................................................................iÜ LIST OF TABLES .............................................................................................v ii LIST OF FIGURES........................................................................................... v i i i CHAPTER I . INTRODUCTION .................................................................................... 1 Objectives and Techniques ..................................................... 1 Location and Description .......................................................... 1 Previous W ork........................................................................... 2 I I . NATURAL CONTROLS ............................................................................ 3 Regional and Local Geology .................................................. 3 Precipitation and Temperature .......................................... 3 I I I . POTENTIAL SOURCES OF RECHARGE ............................................... 9 Missouri River ........................................................................... 10 Kootenai Formation .................................................................. 10 Madison Group ........................................................................... 11 IV. THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS ....................................................... 14 Geochemical Characterization .............................................. 14 Definitions and conventions .......................................... 14 Hydrochemical facies .......................................................... 16 iv Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) CHAPTER Page P a rtial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCOg) ................. 16 Calcite saturation index (SIC) ..................................... 17 Dolomite saturation index (SID) ..................................... 18 Total dissolved carbon ( C ^ ) ................................................ 18 Carbon-14 D a t i n g ................................. 19 Formation, decay, and apparent carbon age ................. 19 Incorporation of carbon-14 into ground-water . 21 Dilution of ground-water carbon-14 content .... 22 Correction of apparent carbon age ................................. 22 Related Physical Constants .................................................. 24 V. SAMPLING..............................................................................................27 L o catio n s ..........................................................................................27 Procedure..........................................................................................31 Carbon Extraction ....................................................................... 31 VI. ANALYSIS.............................................................................................. 33 Determination of Dissolved Chemical Species................. 33 Determination of Carbon-14 Activity ................................. 34 Determination of Stable Carbon Isotope Ratios .... 35 Analytical Results .................................................................. 35 Calculated Results ................................................................... 35 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) CHAPTER Page V II. INTERPRETATION.....................................................................................45 Geochemical......................................................... 45 Is o to p ic ............................................................................................45 Effects of Possible Contamination ................................. 46 P o ss ib ility of Carbon Exchange ........................................... 47 V III. SUMf'IARY AND CONCLUSIONS................................................................ 52 BIBLIOGRAPHY ...................................................................................................... 55 VI Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1. Values of Debye-Huckel a for Some Io n............................ s 25 2. Values of Debye-Huckel A and B (aqueous solution) . 25 3. Negative Log of Some Equilibrium Constants.................... 26 4. Stable Carbon Isotope Ratios of Some Substances . 26 5. Sampling Locations ...................................................................... 28-29 6 . Results of Chemical Analysis ................................................. 36-37 7. Apparent Ages and Stable Isotope Ratios of Sample Carbon ............................................................................... 38 8 . Ionic Concentration Expressed as Equivalent Fractions 40 9. Carbon Chemistry Calculations ............................................. 43 10. Theoretically Corrected Sample Ages ................................ 44 11. Corrected Age of Contaminated Samples (based on 25-gallon samples) .............................................. 48 12. Time Required fo r Total Exchange of Carbon.................... 51 13. A Range of Calculated Ages Which Probably Include the True Age of Giant Springs Water ................................. 51 14. Metric to English Conversions ............................................. 54 VI1 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page 1. Mountains and Streams in West-Central Montana .................. 4 2. Up-Dip Exposures of the Giant Springs Stratigraphie Column ............................................................................................... 5 3. Geologic Cross-Section (Giant Springs to the Little Belt Mountains) .............................................................. 7 4. Average Annual Precipitation in the Great Falls Area . 8
Load more

Recommended publications
  • FINAL CASE STUDY REPORT to the 60TH LEGISLATURE WATER POLICY INTERIM COMMITTEE (With Public Comments) by the Montana Bureau of M
    FINAL CASE STUDY REPORT TO THE 60TH LEGISLATURE WATER POLICY INTERIM COMMITTEE (with public comments) by the Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology September 11, 2008 WPIC members: Senator Jim Elliott, Chair Senator Gary L Perry, vice Chair Representative Scott Boggio Representative Jill Cohenour Representative Bill McChesney Representative Walter McNutt Senator Larry Jent Senator Terry Murphy HB 831 Report CONTENTS Recommendations to the Water Policy Interim Committee ..............................................1 SECTION 1: General Concepts of Stream–Aquifer Interaction and Introduction to the Closed Basin Area .......................................................................................................3 Introduction ...............................................................................................................5 Th e Hydrologic Cycle ............................................................................................5 Occurrence of Ground Water .................................................................................5 Stream–Aquifer Interaction ...................................................................................7 Closed Basin Regional Summary ...............................................................................10 Geology ....................................................................................................................18 Distribution of Aquifers ............................................................................................19 Ground-Water
    [Show full text]
  • Highwood Mountains Range Analysis Project Area on Those Resources Affected by Implementation
    United States Department of Agriculture Environmental Forest Service Assessment 2015 Highwood Mountains Range Judith Ranger District, Lewis and Clark National Forest Cascade, Choteau and Judith Basin Counties, Montana For More Information Contact: Lewis and Clark National Forest Judith Ranger District Standford, Montana www.fs.fed.us/r1/lewisclark/projects 406-566-2292. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual’s income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TTY). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW., Washington, DC 20250-9410, or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TTY). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Environmental Assessment Table of Contents Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................4 Location of the Proposed Project Area ..........................................................................................................4
    [Show full text]
  • APR- PN RANCH Block Management Area #16 BMA Rules - See Reverse Page
    APR- PN RANCH Block Management Area #16 BMA Rules - See Reverse Page Ch ip C re e k 23N15E 23N17E 23N16E !j 23N14E Deer & Elk HD # 690 Rd ille cev Gra k Flat Cree Missouri River k Chouteau e e r C County P g n o D B r i d g e Deer & Elk R d HD # 471 UV236 !j Fergus 22N17E 22N14E County 22N16E 22N15E A Deer & Elk r ro w The Peak C HD # 426 r e e k E v Judi e th r Riv s e ge Rd r Ran o n R d 21N17E 21N15E 21N16E U.S. Department of Agriculture Farm Services Agency Aerial Photography Field Office Area of Interest !j Parking Area Safety Zone (No Trespassing, No Hunting) US Bureau of Land Management º 1 6 Hunting Districts (Deer, Elk, Lion) No Shooting Area Montana State Trust Land 4 Date: 5/22/2020 2 Moline Ranch Conservation Easement (Seperate Permission Required) FWP Region 4 7 BMA Boundary 5 BLM 100K Map(s): 3 Winifred Possession of this map does not constitute legal access to private land enrolled in the BMA Program. This map may not depict current property ownership outside the BMA. It is every hunter's responsibility to know the 0 0.5 1 land ownership of the area he or she intends to hunt, the hunting regulations, and any land use restrictions that may apply. Check the FWP Hunt Planner for updates: http://fwp.mt.gov/gis/maps/huntPlanner/ Miles AMERICAN PRAIRIE RESERVE– PN RANCH BMA # 16 Deer/Elk Hunting District: 426/471 Antelope Hunting District: 480/471 Hunting Access Dates: September 1 - January 1 GENERAL INFORMATION HOW TO GET THERE BMA Type Acres County Ownership » North on US-191 15.0 mi 2 20,203 Fergus Private » North on Winifred Highway 24.0 mi » West on Main St.
    [Show full text]
  • Montana State Parks Guide Reservations for Camping and Other Accommodations: Toll Free: 1-855-922-6768 Stateparks.Mt.Gov
    For more information about Montana State Parks: 406-444-3750 TDD: 406-444-1200 website: stateparks.mt.gov P.O. Box 200701 • Helena, MT 59620-0701 Montana State Parks Guide Reservations for camping and other accommodations: Toll Free: 1-855-922-6768 stateparks.mt.gov For general travel information: 1-800-VISIT-MT (1-800-847-4868) www.visitmt.com Join us on Twitter, Facebook & Instagram If you need emergency assistance, call 911. To report vandalism or other park violations, call 1-800-TIP-MONT (1-800-847-6668). Your call can be anonymous. You may be eligible for a reward. Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks strives to ensure its programs, sites and facilities are accessible to all people, including those with disabilities. To learn more, or to request accommodations, call 406-444-3750. Cover photo by Jason Savage Photography Lewis and Clark portrait reproductions courtesy of Independence National Historic Park Library, Philadelphia, PA. This document was produced by Montana Fish Wildlife & Parks and was printed at state expense. Information on the cost of this publication can be obtained by contacting Montana State Parks. Printed on Recycled Paper © 2018 Montana State Parks MSP Brochure Cover 15.indd 1 7/13/2018 9:40:43 AM 1 Whitefish Lake 6 15 24 33 First Peoples Buffalo Jump* 42 Tongue River Reservoir Logan BeTableaverta ilof Hill Contents Lewis & Clark Caverns Les Mason* 7 16 25 34 43 Thompson Falls Fort3-9 Owen*Historical Sites 28. VisitorMadison Centers, Buff Camping,alo Ju mp* Giant Springs* Medicine Rocks Whitefish Lake 8 Fish Creek 17 Granite11-15 *Nature Parks 26DisabledMissouri Access Headw ibility aters 35 Ackley Lake 44 Pirogue Island* WATERTON-GLACIER INTERNATIONAL 2 Lone Pine* PEACE PARK9 Council Grove* 18 Lost Creek 27 Elkhorn* 36 Greycliff Prairie Dog Town* 45 Makoshika Y a WHITEFISH < 16-23 Water-based Recreation 29.
    [Show full text]
  • 2012 Montana Nonpoint Source Management Plan – Table of Contents
    Montana Nonpoint Source Management Plan 2012 Brian Schweitzer, Governor Richard Opper, Director DEQ WQPBWPSTR-005 Prepared by: Water Quality Planning Bureau Watershed Protection Section Acknowledgements: The Watershed Protection Section would like to thank all of our partners and collaborators for their input and advice for this update to the Montana Nonpoint Source Management Plan. Montana Department of Environmental Quality Water Quality Planning Bureau 1520 E. Sixth Avenue P.O. Box 200901 Helena, MT 59620-0901 Suggested citation: Watershed Protection Section. 2012. Montana Nonpoint Source Management Plan. Helena, MT: Montana Dept. of Environmental Quality. 2012 Montana Nonpoint Source Management Plan – Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS Acronyms ...................................................................................................................................................... v Nonpoint Source Management Plan Overview ............................................................................................ 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 3 1.0 Montana’s NPS Pollution Management Program Framework ............................................................ 1-1 1.1 Water Quality Standards and Classification ..................................................................................... 1-1 1.2 Impaired Waterbodies and 303(d) List and Water Quality Assessment .........................................
    [Show full text]
  • Montana State Parks Senate Bill 3, State Agency Biennial Report, 2010-2011
    Montana State Parks Senate Bill 3, State Agency Biennial Report, 2010-2011 STATE PARKS Report Prepared by: Sara Scott State Parks Heritage Resources Program January 2012 Acknowledgments Information for this report was graciously provided by regional and park management staff who combed through numerous files and documents to obtain information on project costs and stewardship efforts. Many thanks go to the following individuals for their help: Lee Bastian, Jerry Walker, Matt Marcinek, Doug Habermann, John Little, Loren Flynn, Craig Marr, Dale Carlson, Richard Hopkins, Colin Maas, Darla Bruner, Ryan Sokoloski, and Bob Peterson. Roger Semler compiled information on administrative costs and helped oversee the SB3 reporting process. Table of Contents Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................................... Introduction................................................................................................................................................ 1 State Park Heritage Resources............................................................................................................... 1 Property Status and Condition................................................................................................................ 4 Heritage Site Stewardship Efforts........................................................................................................... 6 Site Enhancement/Maintenance Needs...............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL COPYRIGHTED I
    Avalanche Campground (MT), 66 Big Horn Equestrian Center (WY), Index Avenue of the Sculptures (Billings, 368 MT), 236 Bighorn Mountain Loop (WY), 345 Bighorn Mountains Trail System INDEX A (WY), 368–369 AARP, 421 B Bighorn National Forest (WY), 367 Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness Backcountry camping, Glacier Big Red (Clearmont, WY), 370 (MT), 225–227 National Park (MT), 68 Big Red Gallery (Clearmont, WY), Academic trips, 44–45 Backcountry permits 370 Accommodations, 413–414 Glacier National Park (MT), Big Salmon Lake (MT), 113 best, 8–10 54–56 Big Sheep Creek Canyon (MT), 160 for families with children, 416 Grand Teton (WY), 325 Big Sky (MT), 8, 215–220 Active vacations, 43–52 Yellowstone National Park Big Sky Brewing Company AdventureBus, 45, 269 (MT—WY), 264 (Missoula, MT), 93 Adventure Sports (WY), 309, 334 Backcountry Reservations, 56 Big Sky Candy (Hamilton, MT), 96 Adventure trips, 45–46 Backcountry skiing, 48 Big Sky Golf Course (MT), 217 AdventureWomen, 201–202 Backroads, 45, 46 Big Sky Resort (MT), 216–217 Aerial Fire Depot and Baggs (WY), 390 Big Sky Waterpark (MT), 131 Smokejumper Center (Missoula, Ballooning, Teton Valley (WY), Big Spring (MT), 188 MT), 86–87 306 Big Spring Creek (MT), 187 Air tours Bannack (MT), 167, 171–172 Big Timber Canyon Trail (MT), 222 Glacier National Park (MT), 59 Bannack Days (MT), 172 Biking and mountain biking, 48 the Tetons (WY), 306 Barry’s Landing (WY), 243 Montana Air travel, 409, 410 Bay Books & Prints (Bigfork, MT), Big Sky, 216 Albright Visitor Center 105 Bozeman, 202 (Yellowstone), 263, 275
    [Show full text]
  • Description of the Fort Benton Quadrangle
    DESCRIPTION OF THE FORT BENTON QUADRANGLE. INTRODUCTION. steeply inclined sides. In the center of the range of the throat of a volcano, the dikes which radiate heat and cold, varying greatly, of course, with the the limestones and other stratified rocks are hori­ from these centers of activity, and the loose mate­ altitude. The annual rainfall is from 13 to 20 General relations. The Fort Benton quad­ zontal, or nearly so, while on the flanks structure of rials and lava flows of which the cones Structure_. , of. inches, being greatest in the mountains; June and rangle extends in longitude from 110° to 111° of the mountains they are sharply BheuLMoun- were built. The sedimentary strata October are the rainy months. The snowfall is and in latitude from 47° to 48°. It is inclined and dip away from the moun­ through which the volcanoes broke up heavy and the mountain tracts are well watered. 69.25 miles Ions; from north to south. extent°ofan tains to the lower plains country. The horizontal and upon which their materials accumulated are, Agriculture is therefore confined to the foothills . quadrangle. 47.36 miles wide, and contains 3272.7 attitude is well shown in the rocks of Belt Park, over most of the area, nearly horizontal or inclined and stream bottoms, except where irrigation is square miles. It includes part of Choteau, the whereas farther north the mountain masses near gently to the north. These rocks belong entirely possible. northwest corner of Fergus, and the eastern part Monarch are formed of blocks of tilted limestones to the Cretaceous system, and denudation has Culture.
    [Show full text]
  • Montana Fishing Regulations
    MONTANA FISHING REGULATIONS 20March 1, 2018 — F1ebruary 828, 2019 Fly fishing the Missouri River. Photo by Jason Savage For details on how to use these regulations, see page 2 fwp.mt.gov/fishing With your help, we can reduce poaching. MAKE THE CALL: 1-800-TIP-MONT FISH IDENTIFICATION KEY If you don’t know, let it go! CUTTHROAT TROUT are frequently mistaken for Rainbow Trout (see pictures below): 1. Turn the fish over and look under the jaw. Does it have a red or orange stripe? If yes—the fish is a Cutthroat Trout. Carefully release all Cutthroat Trout that cannot be legally harvested (see page 10, releasing fish). BULL TROUT are frequently mistaken for Brook Trout, Lake Trout or Brown Trout (see below): 1. Look for white edges on the front of the lower fins. If yes—it may be a Bull Trout. 2. Check the shape of the tail. Bull Trout have only a slightly forked tail compared to the lake trout’s deeply forked tail. 3. Is the dorsal (top) fin a clear olive color with no black spots or dark wavy lines? If yes—the fish is a Bull Trout. Carefully release Bull Trout (see page 10, releasing fish). MONTANA LAW REQUIRES: n All Bull Trout must be released immediately in Montana unless authorized. See Western District regulations. n Cutthroat Trout must be released immediately in many Montana waters. Check the district standard regulations and exceptions to know where you can harvest Cutthroat Trout. NATIVE FISH Westslope Cutthroat Trout Species of Concern small irregularly shaped black spots, sparse on belly Average Size: 6”–12” cutthroat slash— spots
    [Show full text]
  • Great American Outdoors Act | Legacy Restoration Fund | Fiscal Year 2021 Projects | Northern Region (R1) Region Forest Or Grassland Project Name State Cong
    Great American Outdoors Act | Legacy Restoration Fund | Fiscal Year 2021 Projects | Northern Region (R1) Region Forest or Grassland Project Name State Cong. District Asset Type Project Description Built in 1962, this Visitor Center last saw updates over 25 years ago, hosts up to 45,000 visitors in a 4-month span. This project will fully renovate both floors to modernize the visitor center and increase usable space. This project will improve management of forests by educating visitors in fire aware practices. The project will improve signage, information and interpretive displays, modernize bathrooms, improve lighting, restore facility HVAC service, and Public Service conduct asbestos abatement. The visitor center provides tours and educational programs to rural schools, 50-60/year R01 Aerial Fire Depot Missoula Smokejumper Visitor Center Renovation MT MT-At Large Facility, totaling approximately 5,000 students. The project will improve ABA/ADA access and site compliance. The project Recreation Site augments visitor center and parachute loft access with interpretive displays and 24/7 accessible exterior storyboards. Work will improve the safety and remove environmental hazards from the Visitor Center. Work will be conducted in partnership with volunteers and museums to improve historical interpretation. The project has local support from MT Governor's Office of Outdoor Recreation via 8/26/20 letter. This project will recondition 500 miles on 54 roads across the Beaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest. The recreation and commercial use such as timber haul and outfitter and guides are essential to the rural communities in southwest Recondition 500 Miles of Road in the Mountains of Southwest R01 Beaverhead-Deerlodge MT MT-At Large Road Montana.
    [Show full text]
  • FISHING NEWSLETTER 2020/2021 Table of Contents FWP Administrative Regions and Hatchery Locations
    FISHING NEWSLETTER 2020/2021 Table of Contents FWP Administrative Regions and Hatchery Locations .........................................................................................3 Region 1 Reports: Northwest Montana ..........................................................................................................5 Region 2 Reports: West Central Montana .....................................................................................................17 Region 3 Reports: Southwest Montana ........................................................................................................34 Region 4 Reports: North Central Montana ...................................................................................................44 Region 5 Reports: South Central Montana ...................................................................................................65 Region 6 Reports: Northeast Montana ........................................................................................................73 Region 7 Reports: Southeast Montana .........................................................................................................86 Montana Fish Hatchery Reports: .......................................................................................................................92 Murray Springs Trout Hatchery ...................................................................................................................92 Washoe Park Trout Hatchery .......................................................................................................................93
    [Show full text]
  • Parks for Kids Buddy Bison’S Fact Bites!
    montana parks for kids Buddy Bison’s Fact Bites! 4. Chief Plenty Coups State Park • In 1972, the temperature rose Watch the sunrise from the bench at Eyeful Vis- 103 degrees over 24 hours in ta, then stop by Chief Plenty Coups’ homestead the town of Loma! and visit the medicine spring. • The Roe River is the shortest 5. Makoshika State Park river in the world at 200 feet. Catch a view of the badlands from the Sand Its source is Giant Springs, Creek Overlook, then check out the triceratops which is the largest fresh- www.parktrust.org skull by the visitor center! Hike Cap Rock Nature water spring in the United 1. Glacier National Park Trail and look for a sinkhole, a natural bridge and a Hike the Hidden Lake Overlook Nature Trail or to black coal seam. States. Sun Point for spectacular views., then view Mc- Donald Falls. Take a swim in Lake McDonald then tour the park by boat and ride it to the edges of the • The most frequented place in 6. Pictograph Cave State Park Montana is Glacier National glaciers! Trek the loop trail out to the caves and explore three systems once you get there, including 2000 Park. The park adjoins with year old art in the Pictograph Cave! Check out Canada’s Waterton Lakes 2. Flathead Lake State Park some of the 30,000 artifacts from the caves at the National Park which together Go snorkeling near the large boulders on the east Visitor Center. formed the world’s first Inter- shore of Wild Horse Island! Go ice fishing, kayak- ing or canoeing, then enjoy a picnic and see if you national Peace Park.
    [Show full text]