Análisis De Riesgo De La Zona Costera Del Departamento De Canelones, Uruguay: La Información Geográfica Como Herramienta Para La Gestión Del Territorio
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Revista Geográfica 158 enero-diciembre 2017:11-24 Análisis de riesgo de la zona costera del departamento de Canelones, Uruguay: la información geográfica como herramienta para la gestión del territorio Guillermo D’Angelo* Recibido el 27 de abril de 207; aceptado el 16 de agosto de 2017 Abstract Uruguayan coastal zones are an economic asset which produces relevant wealth to the whole national economy. In Uruguay a considerable part of the national and international tourism and its related activities, rely on coastal zones. They are a particular landscape, important from a cultural perspective, inhabited by a significant proportion of the country’s population. Considering its geomorphological characteristics, coastal areas can be conceived as a vulnerable system. In particular in the Canelones Department (Uruguay), coastal zones, there are active cliffs, nearby housing and infrastructure with adverse effects on the landscape. The objective of this work was to quantify the vulnerability of the coastal zones of Canelones Department and to develop a geographical information system methodology to assess this damage, based on physical variables, demographics, land values and infrastructure proximity. This methodology was developed in PostGIS, complemented with GRASS GIS and GDAL libraries for the generation and processing of raster information. The methodology is reproducible and can be adapted to different coastal zones depending on the available information. Using this methodology we identified six zones at high risk: Fortín, Villa Argentina and Atlántida; Floresta and Costa Azul; Guazuvirá; San Luis and Los Titanes; Santa Lucía del Este; Cuchilla Alta. Key words: geographical information systems; vulnerability, coastal geomorphology. * Licenciado, Laboratorio de Estudios Socioterritoriales, Departamento de Geografía, Facultad de Cien- cias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay, correo electrónico: [email protected] ŶGuillermo D’Angelo Análisis de riesgo de la zona costera del departamento de Canelones… 5HVXPR $FRVWD8UXJXDLDpXPUHFXUVRHFRQ{PLFRTXHJHUDLPSRUWDQWHVDWLYRVSDUDRSDLV $JUDQGHSDUWHGRWXULVPRLQWHUQRHLQWHUQDFLRQDODOpPGDVDWLYLGDGHVHFRQ{PLFDV UHODFLRQDGDVWrPXPDIRUWHGHSHQGrQFLDGHOH$OHPGLVVRpXPDSDLVDJHPVLQJXODU GHJUDQGHLPSRUWkQFLDFXOWXUDOHSHUWRORFDOL]DVHXPDSDUWHLPSRUWDQWHGDSRSXODomR GRSDtV 6H DV TXHVW}HV Mi GLWDV VXPDPRV DV FDUDWHUtVWLFDV JHRPRUIROyJLFDV p SRVVtYHO SHQVDUDVFRVWDVFRPRXPVLVWHPDYXOQHUiYHO3DUWLFXODUPHQWHDVFRVWDVGR&DQHORQHV DSUHVHQWDP ]RQDV GH EDUUDQFRV DWLYRV H HP UHFXR GHL[DQGR HP SHULJR DV LQIUD HVWUXWXUDVPRUDGLDVHSDLVDJHQV 2 REMHWLYR GHVWH WUDEDOKR IRL TXDQWLILFDU D YXOQHUDELOLGDGH TXH DSUHVHQWDP DV FRVWDVGH &DQHORQHVGHVHQYROYHQGR XPD PHWRGRORJLDXP VLVWHPD GHLQIRUPDomR JHRJUiILFDFRPGLWDILQDOLGDGHLQFRUSRUDQGRYDULiYHLVItVLFDVGHPRJUiILFDVRYDORU GR VROR H D SUR[LPLGDGH DV LQIUDHVWUXWXUDV $ PHWRGRORJLD IRL LPSOHPHQWDGD IXQGDPHQWDOPHQWH HP 3RVW*,6 FRPSOHPHQWDGR FRP R VRIWZDUH *5$66HDV OLEUDULDV*'$/XWLOL]DGDVSDUDRGHVHQYROYLPHQWRHSURFHVVDPHQWRGDLQIRUPDomR UDVWHU'HSHQGHQGRGDGLVSRQLELOLGDGHGHLQIRUPDomRDPHWRGRORJLDpDGDSWiYHOD GLIHUHQWHVHVSDoRVFRVWHLURV )LQDOPHQWH R UHVXOWDGR GD PHWRGRORJLD SHUPLWLX LGHQWLILFDU VHLV ]RQDV GH YXOQHUDELOLGDGH DOWD (O )RUWtQ 9LOOD $UJHQWLQD H $WOiQWLGD )ORUHVWD &RVWD $]XO *XD]XYLUi6DQ/XLV/RV7LWDQHV6DQWD/XFtDGHO(VWH\&XFKLOOD$OWD 3DODYUDFKDYH sistemas de informação geográfica; 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