Mutah.Pdf Project: Answering-Ansar.Org Articles

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Mutah.Pdf Project: Answering-Ansar.Org Articles Mut’ah, a comprehensive guide Work file: mutah.pdf Project: Answering-Ansar.org Articles Revisions: No. Date Author Description Review Info 1.0.1 10.04.2004 Answering-Ansar.org Spelling corrections & update of Copyright notice 0.0.1 22.11.2003 Answering-Ansar.org Created Copyright © 2002-2004 Answering-Ansar.org. • All Rights Reserved Page 2 of 171 Contents 1. THE MARRIAGE OF MUT'AH 8 1.1 INTRODUCTION 8 PREFACE 8 2. WHAT IS MUT'AH? 10 1.2 HOW IS MUT'AH CONTRACTED? 10 1.3 WHICH TYPE OF WOMEN CAN YOU CONTRACT MUT'AH WITH? 10 1.4 IDDAH (WAITING PERIOD) IN MUT'AH 11 1.5 WHAT IS THE POSITION OF CHILDREN BORN FROM MUT'AH? 11 1.6 DO ALL PRINCIPLES THAT APPLY ON WOMEN IN NIKAH ALSO APPLY IN MUT'AH? 11 3. QUR'ANIC EVIDENCES FOR THE LEGITIMACY OF MUT'AH 12 1.7 THE VERSE OF MUT'AH (4:24) 12 1.8 SUNNI TAFSIR OF VERSE 4:24 20 1.9 SUNNI DOUBTS AS TO THE CORRECT RECITATION OF THIS VERSE 29 1.10 QUALITY OF SUNNI 'ULAMA RULING ON THE IMPERMISSIBILITY OF MUT'AH 33 1.11 CONCLUSION 34 4. THE ARGUMENT THAT MUT'AH IS IMMORAL 35 1.12 REPLY - HAD THE SAHABA STILL NOT ABANDONED THE TRAITS OF JAHILIYYA IN THE 8TH HIJRI? 39 1.13 REPLY 40 1.14 LIES AND FORGERIES OF THE WAHABI AUTHOR 41 1.15 INHERITANCE OF MUT'AH CHILD 42 1.16 IDDAH (WAITING PERIOD) IN MUT'AH MARRIAGE 43 1.17 MUT'AH WITH CHRISTIANS/JEWS WOMEN 45 1.18 THE QIYAS ARGUMENT: COMPARING MUT'AH TO ZINA 47 QIYAS 1: MUT'AH AND ZINA BOTH INVOLVE SEX, THEREFORE BOTH ARE HARAM 47 QIYAS 2: ZINA AND MUT'AH ARE FOR A FIXED TIME, HENCE THEY ARE BOTH HARAM 49 QIYAS 3: ZINA AND MUT'AH ARE DONE IN HIDING, HENCE THEY ARE BOTH HARAM 50 QIYAS 4: MEN MAY PERFORM MUT'AH WITH MULTIPLE WOMEN JUST AS A MAN MAY FORNICATE WITH MULTIPLE WOMEN. THEREFORE, BOTH ARE HARAM 50 QIYAS 5: ZINA IS LIKE MUT'AH, SINCE NEITHER INVOLVE TALAQ (DIVORCE). HENCE, BOTH ARE HARAM. 50 QIYAS 6: ZINA AND MUT'AH CARRY NO INHERITANCE. HENCE BOTH ARE HARAM 51 QIYAS 7: MUT'AH AND ZINAH CARRY NO 'IDDAH 52 QIYAS 8: IN NIKAH YOU CAN ONLY HAVE SEX WITH 4 WOMEN AT ANY ONE GIVEN TIME, WHEREAS IN MUT'AH, LIKE ZINA, YOU CAN SLEEP WITH MULTIPLE WOMEN. 52 QIYAS 9: TEMPORARY WIVES DO NOT INHERIT, THE SAME AS WOMEN IN HARAM SEXUAL RELATIONSHIPS 53 REPLY 53 QIYAS 10: TEMPORARY WIVES ARE NOT TREATED LIKE PERMANENT WIVES 54 QIYAS 11: NO ONE WOULD CLAIM TO BE THE CHILD OF MUT'AH 54 QIYAS 12: MUT'AH AND ZINA BOTH DESTROY FAMILIES 55 Copyright © 2002-2004 Answering-Ansar.org. • All Rights Reserved Page 3 of 171 QIYAS 13: MUT'AH DOES NOT REQUIRE WITNESSES, THEREFORE IT IS LIKE ZINA AND, THEREFORE, BECOMES HARAM 55 QIYAS 14 - NO RESPECTABLE PEOPLE LIKE THE PRACTICE OF MUT'AH 57 REPLY ONE - NO RESPECTABLE PEOPLE LIKE THE PRACTICE OF NIKAH HALALA 58 REPLY TWO- NO RESPECTABLE PEOPLE LIKE THE USAGE OF TALAQ 58 REPLY THREE - MUT'AH IS A MEANS OF PROTECTING PEOPLE FROM ZINA 59 QIYAS 15: THE SHI'A SHARE MUT'AH WOMEN AND THIS IS SHAMEFUL 59 1.19 SUNNI SCHOLARS HAVE ADMITTED THAT THERE IS NO HADD FOR MUT'AH 60 1.20 THE ARGUMENT THAT MUT'AH DOES NOT MEET THE CRITERION OF CHASTITY (IHSAN), NOR DOES IT QUALIFY AS MARRIAGE 60 1.21 DR. SALAMAH'S STATEMENTS CONCERNING DOWRY 62 REPLY ONE - THE SHARI'AH DOES NOT STIPULATE WHAT DOWRY SHOULD BE 62 REPLY TWO - ACCORDING TO THE AHL AS-SUNNAH ALCOHOL AND PIGS CAN BE INCLUDED AS DOWRY! 63 REPLY ONE 64 REPLY TWO 64 REPLY THREE 64 1.22 DR. SALAMAH'S DISCUSSION ON THE BLESSING OF MUT'AH 65 REPLY 66 1.23 DR. SALAMAH'S DISCUSSION THAT THOSE THAT PRACTISE MUT'AH SHALL BE WITH THE PROPHET AND IMAMS 66 REPLY ONE 66 REPLY TWO 67 REPLY THREE 67 1.24 DR. SALAMAH'S DISCUSSION ON THE REWARDS FOR MUT'AH 68 REPLY 68 1.25 DR. SALAMAH'S DISCUSSION THAT THERE IS NO NEED TO MAKE ENQUIRIES ABOUT A WOMAN BEFORE MUT'AH 69 REPLY ONE - DID THE SAHABA CONDUCT SUCH INVESTIGATIONS? 70 REPLY TWO - THE TRADITION CARRIES A WEAK ISNAD 70 REPLY THREE - QADHI ABU YUSUF ENDORSED A MARRIAGE THAT HE KNEW WAS HARAAM UNDER THE SHARI'AH 70 1.26 DR SALAMAH'S DISCUSSION ON MUT'AH WITH A YOUNG GIRL 71 REPLY ONE - ACCORDING TO THE AHL AS-SUNNAH AYESHA MARRIED RASULULLAH (S) WHEN SHE WAS NINE 71 REPLY TWO- ACCORDING TO THE AHL AS-SUNNAH YOU CAN EVEN MARRY A GIRL UNDER THE AGE OF NINE 72 REPLY THREE - UMAR MARRIED A GIRL WHO HAD NOT EVEN ATTAINED PUBERTY 73 1.27 DR SALAMAH'S DISCUSSION ON THE COMMISSION OF MUT'AH 73 1.28 DR. SALAMAH'S DISCUSSION THAT YOU CAN CONTRACT MUT'AH WITH COUNTLESS WOMEN 73 REPLY 74 1.29 THE FATWA OF WAHABI LEADER BIN BAZ 75 1.30 REFUTING THE QUESTIONS POSED BY DR SALAMAH AL NASIBI 77 FIRST EXAMPLE OF SUNNI MORALITY - SALAFI 'ULAMA RULED THAT MASTURBATION IS HALAL 80 COMMENT 82 SECOND EXAMPLE OF SUNNI MORALITY SUNNI 'ULAMA LEGITIMISED THE USE OF A DILDOE (FEMALE SEX TOYS) 82 COMMENT 82 THIRD EXAMPLE OF SUNNI MORALITY - SUNNI 'ULAMA HAVE RULED ON THE PERMISSIBILITY OF HAVING SEX WITH WATERMELONS 82 COMMENT 83 Copyright © 2002-2004 Answering-Ansar.org. • All Rights Reserved Page 4 of 171 FOURTH EXAMPLE OF SUNNI MORALITY - A SALAFI WOMAN CAN SUCKLE A SALAFI MAN WITH A BEARD 84 COMMENT 84 FIFTH EXAMPLE OF SUNNI MORALITY - PAEDOPHILIA, BESTIALITY AND NECROPHILIA CAN BE PERFORMED WHILST ONE IS FASTING 85 COMMENT 85 SIXTH EXAMPLE OF SUNNI MORALITY - THE PERMISSIBILITY OF PRAYING BEHIND A DRUNKEN PERSON 85 COMMENTARY 86 SEVENTH EXAMPLE OF SUNNI MORALITY - THE PERMISSIBILITY TO PAY A WOMAN FOR SEX, WITHOUT FEAR OF ISLAMIC PUNISHMENT 86 EIGHTH EXAMPLE OF SUNNI MORALITY FATWA OF ABU HANIFA ON THE PERMISSIBILITY OF HAVING SEX WITH ONE'S MOTHER 86 COMMENTARY 87 NINTH EXAMPLE OF SUNNI MORALITY - THE 'HONOURABLE' TACTIC OF AMR BIN AAS TO SURVIVE IMMINENT DEATH ON THE BATTLEFIELD 87 COMMENT 88 TENTH EXAMPLE OF SUNNI MORALITY - THE DEOBANDI DEATH RITUAL 88 COMMENT 88 ELEVENTH EXAMPLE OF SUNNI MORALITY - RASULULLAH (S) VIOLATED THE QUR'AN TO SATIATE HIS SEXUAL DESIRE (ASTAGHFIRULLAH) 88 COMMENT 88 TWELFTH EXAMPLE OF SUNNI MORALITY - AYESHA WOULD GIVE SEX ADVICE TO THE SAHABA 89 COMMENT 90 THIRTEENTH EXAMPLE OF SUNNI MORALITY - RASULALLAH (S) WOULD GIVE SEX ADVICE SESSIONS TO THE SAHABA IN THE PRESENCE OF AYESHA 90 COMMENT 90 COMMENT 91 FOURTEENTH EXAMPLE OF SUNNI MORALITY - MU'AWIYAH LEGITIMISED THE ADULTERY OF HIS FATHER 91 COMMENT 92 FIFTEENTH EXAMPLE OF SUNNI MORALITY - RASULULLAH (S) WOULD READ THE QURAN USING AYESHA'S LAP WHILST SHE WAS MENSTRUATING 92 COMMENT 92 SIXTEENTH EXAMPLE OF SUNNI MORALITY -RASULULLAH (S) AND AYESHA WOULD PERFORM GHUSL WHILST SITTING IN THE SAME BATH 93 COMMENT 93 SEVENTEENTH EXAMPLE OF SUNNI MORALITY - AYESHA PERFORMED GHUSL IN FRONT OF MEN 93 COMMENT 93 EIGHTEENTH EXAMPLE OF SUNNI MORALITY - RASULULLAH'S TOUCHING A WOMAN BEFORE MARRIAGE 94 COMMENT 94 NINETEENTH EXAMPLE OF SUNNI MORALITY - RASULULLAH (S) WOULD DISCUSS MATTERS RELATING TO MALE GENITALIA WITH A NON-MAHRAM WOMAN 95 COMMENT 95 TWENTIETH EXAMPLE OF SUNNI MORALITY - YAZID BIN MU'AWIYA WAS AN INCESTUOUS HOMOSEXUAL BUT ALSO A KHALIFA OF RASULULLAH AND A SUNNI MUSLIM 95 TWENTY FIRST EXAMPLE OF SUNNI MORALITY - HADHRATH UMAR PLACED HIS HAND IN A CAMEL'S ANUS 96 COMMENT 96 TWENTY SECOND EXAMPLE OF SUNNI MORALITY - HADHRATH UMAR'S SPECIAL MALE 'ASSISTANCE' WITH ABLUTION 97 COMMENT 97 Copyright © 2002-2004 Answering-Ansar.org. • All Rights Reserved Page 5 of 171 TWENTY THIRD EXAMPLE OF SUNNI MORALITY - HADHRATH UMAR WOULD ASK QUESTIONS PERTAINING TO SEX FROM HIS OWN DAUGHTER! 97 COMMENT 97 TWENTY FOURTH EXAMPLE OF SUNNI MORALITY - IT IS PERMISSIBLE TO SHOUT AND SCREAM AT WOMEN WHO ANSWER THE CALL OF NATURE 98 COMMENT 98 1.31 CONCLUSION 98 5. WAS MUT'AH ABROGATED BY THE QUR'AN? 99 1.32 ARGUMENT 1 99 REPLY 100 REPLY 103 1.33 ARGUMENT 2 105 REPLY 105 THE NARRATION OF IBN MAS'UD 105 TESTIMONY OF SUNNI 'ULAMA THAT THE VERSE OF MUT'AH WAS NOT ABROGATED 106 1.34 ARGUMENT 3 107 REPLY 107 6. WAS MUT'AH ABROGATED BY THE SUNNAH? 109 1.35 REPLY ONE 110 1.36 REPLY TWO 110 REPLY I - A NARRATION BY AZ ZUHRI THE NASIBI CAN BE REJECTED 111 REPLY II - THE NARRATORS OF THIS TRADITION ARE WEAK 111 REPLY III - SUNNI AND SHI'A TRADITIONS CONFIRM THAT IMAM 'ALI (AS) BELIEVED THAT MUT'AH WAS HALAAL. 111 REPLY IV - THE SUNNI 'ULAMA HAVE THEMSELVES REJECTED THE NOTION THAT MUT'AH WAS MADE HARAAM AT KHAYBER 111 REPLY V - WAS IMAM 'ALI (AS) THE ONLY PERSON TO HAVE HEARD THIS PROHIBITION? 112 1.37 ANALYZING THE CLAIM THAT MUT'AH WAS MADE HARAAM AT THE TIME OF THE CONQUEST OF MAKKA 114 REPLY ONE - IBN QAYYIM REJECTED THE CLAIM THAT MUT'AH WAS MADE HARAAM AT THE VICTORY OF MAKKA 114 REPLY TWO - WAS SABRA THE ONLY PERSON TO HAVE HEARD THE PROHIBITION AT FATH MAKKA? 115 REPLY THREE - THE NARRATORS ARE NOT RELIABLE 115 REPLY FOUR - THE TRADITIONS ARE REPLETE WITH CONTRADICTIONS 115 1.38 AN OVERVIEW OF THE TRADITIONS PROHIBITING MUT'AH 116 1.39 THE EFFORTS OF THE AHL AS-SUNNAH'ULAMA TO JUSTIFY THE CONTRADICTIONS 118 1.40 THE REVELATION OF THE VERSE OF MUT'AH AT HUNAYN REFUTES ALL TRADITIONS ON THE PROHIBITION OF MUT'AH 122 1.41 SOME FINAL POINTS TO THINK OVER 124 1.42 THE MISUSE OF SHI'A HADEETHS ON ABROGATION 125 REPLY ONE - A HADITH THAT HAS NOT BEEN VERIFIED BY A HADITH SCHOLAR CANNOT BE RELIED UPON 126 REPLY TWO - SHAYKH TUSI REJECTED BOTH TRADITIONS 126 REPLY THREE - THE NARRATORS OF THE KHAYBER TRADITION ARE WEAK 126 1.43 THE TRADITION WHEREIN THE IMAM (AS) TURNED HIS FACE 127 REPLY 127 Copyright © 2002-2004 Answering-Ansar.org.
Recommended publications
  • Women and Muslim Family Laws in Arab States AUP-ISIM-IS-BW-Welchman-22:BW 24-04-2007 19:22 Pagina 2
    Women and Muslim Family Laws in Arab States: A Comparative Overview of WOMEN AND MUSLIM FAMILY LAWS WOMEN AND MUSLIM FAMILY LAWS Textual Development and Advocacy combines an examination of women’s rights in Muslim family law in Arab states across the Middle East with IN ARAB STATES discussions of the public debates surrounding the issues that are raised in processes of codification and amendment. A number of states have A COMPARATIVE OVERVIEW OF TEXTUAL recently either codified Muslim family law, or Women and Muslim Family Laws in have issued significant amendments or new DEVELOPMENT AND ADVOCACY Arab States: A Comparative Overview laws on the subject. This study considers these of Textual Development and new laws along with older statutes to comment Advocacy combines an examination. on patterns and dynamics of change both in Lynn Welchman the texts of the laws, and in the processes by women’s rights in Muslim family which they are drafted and issued. It draws IN ARAB STATES law in Arab states across the Middle on original legal texts as well as on extensive East with discussions of the public secondary literature for an insight into practice; debates surrounding interventions by women’s rights organisations and other parties are drawn on to identify women’s rights in Muslim family areas of the laws that remain contested. The law in Arab states across the Middle discussions are set in the contemporary global East with discussions of the public context that ‘internationalises’ the domestic debates the issues that are raised. and regional discussions. ISIM SERIES ON CONTEMPORARY LYNN WELCHMAN MUSLIMISIM SERIES SOCIETIES ON CONTEMPORARY MUSLIM SOCIETIES Lynn Welchmann is senior lecturer ISBN-13 978 90 5356 974 0 in Islamic and Middle Eastern Laws, School of Law at SOAS (School of Oriental and African Studies) at the University of London.
    [Show full text]
  • “Fatawa Concerning Looking”
    “Fatawa Concerning Looking” Compiled and Translated by those who seek the Mercy of Allah Their Lord The Memphis Da’wah Team Memphis Da’wah E-Books © www.MemphisDawah.com In the name of Allah Most Beneficent Most Merciful All praise is for Allah the Exalted and may the peace and blessings of Allah be upon His Messenger Muhammad and his family and companions and all those who follow them and their way until the Day of Resurrection Fatawa Concerning Looking www.MemphisDawah.com Table of Contents Foreword Introduction The Issues: Issue #1: Looking at a Woman for the Purpose of Medical Treatment Issue #2: Testifying For or Against a Woman Issue #3: Looking at a Woman for the Purpose of Marriage Issue #4: Looking at a Woman for the Purpose of Conducting Business Issue #5: Looking at a Woman for the Purpose of Teaching Issue #6: Looking at Elderly women and Young Girls Issue #7: Looking at Images of Women’s Body Parts that are Disconnected from the Body Issue #8: Hermaphrodites, Impotent Men, Castrated Men, Old Men, Young Boys and Sick Men Looking at Women Issue #9: Women looking at Non-Mahram Men Issue #10: Men looking at a Woman for whom they are a Mahram Issue #11: Husband and Wife looking at each other Issue #12: Looking at the Same Sex Issue #13: Non-Muslim Women looking at Muslim women Some Advice to Aid Lowering One’s gaze 1 Memphis Da’wah E-Books 2 www.MemphisDawah.com Fatawa Concerning Looking www.MemphisDawah.com Introduction Interpretation of the meaning Tell the believing men to lower their gaze (from looking at forbidden things), and protect their private parts (from illegal sexual acts, etc.).
    [Show full text]
  • Tenets of Islam
    Published on Books on Islam and Muslims | Al-Islam.org (http://www.al-islam.org) Home > Tenets of Islam Tenets of Islam Log in [1] or register [2] to post comments Short passages on numerous Islamic beliefs, including God, Prophethood, Imamate, and the Day of Judgement Author(s): ● Shaykh Tusi [3] Publisher(s): ● Islamic Seminary Publications [4] Category: ● General [5] Topic Tags: ● Islamic Beliefs [6] ● Prophethood [7] ● Imamate [8] ● day of judgement [9] About the Author From time to time there appeared in the horizon of Islamic world, certain outstanding personalities, whose names have shone in the pages of history like brilliant stars. People benefited from their light according to their merits and capabilities. Among those few eminent personalities the name of Shaykh Tusi tops the list. In fact he has become immortal by sincerely sacrificing his whole life in search of knowledge and spreading Islamic teachings. Shaykh Abu Ja'far, Muhammad bin Hasan was born at Tus, one of the cities of Khurasan (Iran), in the month of Ramadan 385 A.H. At the age of 23 he left for Baghdad (Iraq) and acquired knowledge from the eminent scholars like Shaykh Mufid and Sayyid Murtadha. After completing his studies he started delivering lectures on Islamic Jurisprudence and its principles. A large number of great scholars used to attend his lectures and the number of his students reached up to 300. After the demise of his teacher, Sayyid Murtadha, in 436 A.H., Shaykh Tusi became the central figure of the Shi'ah world. The Shi'ah as well as the Sunni scholars acknowledged his supremacy in Islamic studies.
    [Show full text]
  • Rsis Working Papers
    No. 125 Thinking Ahead: Shi’ite Islam in Iraq and its Seminaries (hawzah ‘ilmiyyah) Christoph Marcinkowski S. Rajaratnam School of international Studies Singapore 25 April 2007 With Compliments This Working Paper series presents papers in a preliminary form and serves to stimulate comment and discussion. The views expressed are entirely the author’s own and not that of the S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies The S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies (RSIS) was established in January 2007 as an autonomous School within the Nanyang Technological University. RSIS’s mission is to be a leading research and graduate teaching institution in strategic and international affairs in the Asia Pacific. To accomplish this mission, it will: • Provide a rigorous professional graduate education in international affairs with a strong practical and area emphasis • Conduct policy-relevant research in national security, defence and strategic studies, diplomacy and international relations • Collaborate with like-minded schools of international affairs to form a global network of excellence Graduate Training in International Affairs RSIS offers an exacting graduate education in international affairs, taught by an international faculty of leading thinkers and practitioners. The Master of Science (MSc) degree programmes in Strategic Studies, International Relations, and International Political Economy are distinguished by their focus on the Asia Pacific, the professional practice of international affairs, and the cultivation of academic depth. Over 120 students, the majority from abroad, are enrolled in these programmes. A small, select Ph.D. programme caters to advanced students whose interests match those of specific faculty members. RSIS also runs a one-semester course on ‘The International Relations of the Asia Pacific’ for undergraduates in NTU.
    [Show full text]
  • Juridical Aspects of Nullify of Marriage Due to Breast-Feeding in Religious Court
    International Journal of Business and Social Science Vol. 10 • No. 10 • October 2019 doi:10.30845/ijbss.v10n10p3 Juridical Aspects of Nullify of Marriage due to Breast-Feeding in Religious Court Puspita Jian Andrina Suraji Muhammad Rustamaji Student of Notary Master Program Law Faculty, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta Abstract The research aimed to describe basis of judge’s decision in juridical view to grant declaration of nullify of marriage according to breastfeeding and factors that underlying judge’s decision and evidence that done in it. The reasons of forbiden due to breastfeeding or nasab marriage are called mahram muabbad. Where the marriage in blood relation could be inherit genetic traits and immune strength even causes disease family. The legal research attempted to understand and know the simptoms that was studied, then connected or combined legal materials that relevant and being references in literature legal research. Based on results and discussions had came up conclusions that legal consideration that causes nullify of marriage occured in religious court is due to a marriage in one breastfeeding. Keywords: nullify of marriage, breastfeeding relation, religious court. A. Introduction Every human being has the nature to settle and having children. Being a family is also a human right that must be protected by the state and the community itself, as regulated in Article 28B Paragraph (1) of 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, which states that: "Everyone has the right to have a family and carry on their offspring through legitimate marriage". Having a happy and lifelong family is everyone's dream and wish.
    [Show full text]
  • In Their Own Words: Voices of Jihad
    THE ARTS This PDF document was made available from www.rand.org as CHILD POLICY a public service of the RAND Corporation. CIVIL JUSTICE EDUCATION Jump down to document ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT 6 HEALTH AND HEALTH CARE INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS The RAND Corporation is a nonprofit research NATIONAL SECURITY POPULATION AND AGING organization providing objective analysis and PUBLIC SAFETY effective solutions that address the challenges facing SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY the public and private sectors around the world. SUBSTANCE ABUSE TERRORISM AND HOMELAND SECURITY Support RAND TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE Purchase this document WORKFORCE AND WORKPLACE Browse Books & Publications Make a charitable contribution For More Information Visit RAND at www.rand.org Learn more about the RAND Corporation View document details Limited Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law as indicated in a notice appearing later in this work. This electronic representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for non-commercial use only. Unauthorized posting of RAND PDFs to a non-RAND Web site is prohibited. RAND PDFs are protected under copyright law. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of our research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please see RAND Permissions. This product is part of the RAND Corporation monograph series. RAND monographs present major research findings that address the challenges facing the public and private sectors. All RAND monographs undergo rigorous peer review to ensure high standards for research quality and objectivity. in their own words Voices of Jihad compilation and commentary David Aaron Approved for public release; distribution unlimited C O R P O R A T I O N This book results from the RAND Corporation's continuing program of self-initiated research.
    [Show full text]
  • Shatranj Ki Baazi FINAL
    SHATRANJ KI BAAZI MUSLIM WOMEN’S ACTIVISM, THE PATRIARCHY AND TRIPLE TALAQ IN MODI’S INDIA Danielle Ayana D’Aguilar Plan II Honors University of Texas at Austin May 15, 2019 Hina Azam, PhD. Middle Eastern Studies Thesis Supervisor Syed Akbar Hyder, PhD. Asian Studies Second Reader To the women of Lucknow who welcomed me into their homes and communities, shared their stories and taught me to understand their perspectives, their hopes and their fears. ❃ ❃ ❃ To my wonderful host mother in Mahanagar, Simi Ahmad, and her youngest daughters, Asna and Aiman. ❃ ❃ ❃ To my dear friend, Roushon Talcott, my family, and others who provided intellectual and emotional support throughout this journey. !i Abstract Author: Danielle Ayana D’Aguilar Title: Shatranj Ki Bazi Supervisor: Hina Azam, PhD. Second Reader: Syed Akbar Hyder, PhD. In August, 2017, the Indian Supreme Court ruled on a landmark case involving one Shayara Bano and four petitioners that instant triple talaq, a unique and controversial variation of an Islamic method for declaring divorce, was incompatible with the Indian constitution due to its detrimental effects on Muslim women and its lack of centrality to the religion. Many news and media sources both in India and around the world were quick to report this as a straightforward victory for Muslim women, while the male-dominated Islamic scholarly community expressed disdain at the least and outrage at the most. However, the matter is far more complicated and requires an understanding of history, social structure and political ideologies in India. The first portion of this paper analyzes the history of State intervention in Muslim personal law from the colonial period onward in an effort to contextualize and critique the current government’s actions.
    [Show full text]
  • 13 Bab Ii Konsep Mahram Dalam Perspektif Al-Qur'an A
    BAB II KONSEP MAHRAM DALAM PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN A. Pengertian Mahram Mahram yakni wanita yang haram dinikahi, baik yang masih konservatif maupun yang sudah maju. Sebab-sebab keharamanya itu banyak, demkian pula kelas-kelas mahram menurut bermacam-macam umat, daerah nya luas dikalangan bangsa-bangsa yang masih terbelakang, menyempit dikalangan bangsa-bangsa yang sudah maju.1 Maksud larangan dalam pernikahan pada pembahasan ini ialah larangan untuk menikahi (kawin) antara seorang pria dan wanita. Secara garis besar mahram menurut Prof. Dr. Abdul Rahman dalam bukunya yang berjudul Fiqih munakahat adalah: larangan kawin antara seorang pria dan seorang wanita menurut Syara.2 Di dalam Al-Qur‟an dijelaskan tentang tiga belas, atau kelompok yang tidak boleh dinikahi. Berdasarkan penyebabnya, ketiga belas orang atau kelompok ini dapat kita bagi jadi tiga golongan. Pertama; Golongan karena hubungan darah, wiladah (melahirkan), nasab atau keturunan; akibat hubungan genealogi, baik secara vertikal atau secara horizontal. Kedua; Golongan karena persusuan, baik yang menyusukan ataupun saudara yang sepersusuan.3 Ketiga; Golongan karena pertalian perkawinan. 1 Syahid Sayyid Quthb. Tafsir fi zhilalil Qur’an di bawah naungan al-Qur’an jilid 4 (Jakarta : Gema Insani press 2011), p.168 2 H. Abd. Rahman Ghozali, Fiqh Munakahat (Jakarta, prenada media, 2003)…p103 3 Rahmat Hakim, Hukum perkawinan islam (Bandung: Pustaka setia,2000),pp.53-54 13 14 Secara terperinci golongan tersebut sebagai berikut: 1. Ibu, yang dimaksud disini juga perempuan yang mempunyai hubungan darah dengan garis keturunan lurus ke atas, baik dari jurusan ayah maupun ibu. 2. Anak perempuan adalah anak perempuan dalam garis keturunan lurus ke bawah, yaitu cucu perempuan, baik dari anak laki-laki maupun anak perempuan.
    [Show full text]
  • Guide for Levels of Sex Education for Muslim Children and Youth STAGE
    Table 1 – Guide for levels of sex education for Muslim children and youth STAGE OBJECTIVES CONTENT & PROGRAMME Early childhood 1. To know the parts of the body. 1. To educate child about parts of the body (including This stage may begin as soon as 2. To instill a sense of modesty. private parts) the child shows awareness of self 2. To instill a sense of modesty; child to learn the and environment until the child Importance of concealing own private parts and not reaches Pre Mumaiyiz. looking intentionally at others' private parts. (0-3 years) 3. To encourage child to dress modestly to lay the foundation for the understanding of aurah. 1. To know functions of the body. Pre Mumaiyiz to Mumaiyiz 2. To understand the differences 1. To know the physical differences between boys and girls (4 - 7 years) between boys and girls. of their age. 3. To strengthen/reinforce child's sense 2. To familiarize child with the age-appropriate limits of During this stage, children would of modesty. interaction and the concept of hijab in the context of the have been exposed to nursery 4. To prepare child for the stage of family as well as amongst friends and its connection to programmes which focus largely on mumaiyiz and its implications from the sexual issues. cognitive development. The age religious, biological, psychological and 3. At the age of six, child should be trained to sleep in a seven is selected as it is recognized social aspects. separate bedroom from parents in accordance with the by ulama' as the age of mumaiyiz.
    [Show full text]
  • Women's Rights in Islam Regarding Marriage and Divorce Imani Jaafar-Mohammad
    Journal of Law and Practice Volume 4 Article 3 2011 Women's Rights in Islam Regarding Marriage and Divorce Imani Jaafar-Mohammad Charlie Lehmann Follow this and additional works at: http://open.mitchellhamline.edu/lawandpractice Part of the Family Law Commons Recommended Citation Jaafar-Mohammad, Imani and Lehmann, Charlie (2011) "Women's Rights in Islam Regarding Marriage and Divorce," Journal of Law and Practice: Vol. 4, Article 3. Available at: http://open.mitchellhamline.edu/lawandpractice/vol4/iss1/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Reviews and Journals at Mitchell Hamline Open Access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Law and Practice by an authorized administrator of Mitchell Hamline Open Access. For more information, please contact [email protected]. © Mitchell Hamline School of Law Women's Rights in Islam Regarding Marriage and Divorce Keywords Muslim women--Legal status laws etc., Women's rights--Religious aspects--Islam, Marriage (Islamic law) This article is available in Journal of Law and Practice: http://open.mitchellhamline.edu/lawandpractice/vol4/iss1/3 Jaafar-Mohammad and Lehmann: Women's Rights in Islam Regarding Marriage and Divorce WOMEN’S RIGHTS IN ISLAM REGARDING MARRIAGE AND DIVORCE 4 Wm. Mitchell J. L. & P. 3* By: Imani Jaafar-Mohammad, Esq. and Charlie Lehmann+ I. INTRODUCTION There are many misconceptions surrounding women’s rights in Islam. The purpose of this article is to shed some light on the basic rights of women in Islam in the context of marriage and divorce. This article is only to be viewed as a basic outline of women’s rights in Islam regarding marriage and divorce.
    [Show full text]
  • Philosophy of Power and the Mediation of Art:The Lasting Impressions of Artistic Intermediality from Seventeenth Century Persia to Present Shadieh Emami Mirmobiny
    Maine State Library Digital Maine Academic Research and Dissertations Maine State Library Special Collections 2018 Philosophy of Power and the Mediation of Art:The Lasting Impressions of Artistic Intermediality from Seventeenth Century Persia to Present Shadieh Emami Mirmobiny Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalmaine.com/academic PHILOSOPHY OF POWER AND THE MEDIATION OF ART: THE LASTING IMPRESSIONS OF ARTISTIC INTERMEDIALITY FROM SEVENTEENTH CENTURY PERSIA TO PRESENT Shadieh Emami Mirmobiny Submitted to the faculty of The Institute for Doctoral Studies in the Visual Arts in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy May, 2018 Accepted by the faculty of the Institute for Doctoral Studies in the Visual Arts in partial fulfillment of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. COMMITTEE MEMBERS Committee Chair: Ali Anooshahr, Ph.D. Professor, Department of History University of California, Davis Committee Member: Christopher Yates, Ph.D. Assistant Professor of Philosophy, and Art Theory Institute for Doctoral Studies in the Visual Arts Committee Member: EL Putnam, Ph.D. Assistant Lecturer, Dublin School of Creative Arts Dublin Institute of Technology ii © 2018 Shadieh Emami Mirmobiny ALL RIGHTS RESERVED iii “Do we need a theory of power? Since a theory assumes a prior objectification, it cannot be asserted as a basis for analytical work. But this analytical work cannot proceed without an ongoing conceptualization. And this conceptualization implies critical thought—a constant checking.” — Foucault To my daughter Ariana, and the young generation of students in the Middle East in search of freedom. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I owe a debt of gratitude to a number of people, without whose assistance and support this dissertation project would not have taken shape and would not have been successfully completed as it was.
    [Show full text]
  • The Modern Opinions Regarding Polygamy of Married Men and Women in Dakar
    SIT Graduate Institute/SIT Study Abroad SIT Digital Collections Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection SIT Study Abroad Fall 2013 The oM dern Opinions Regarding Polygamy of Married Men and Women in Dakar Hannah Fried-Tanzer SIT Study Abroad Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcollections.sit.edu/isp_collection Part of the Family, Life Course, and Society Commons Recommended Citation Fried-Tanzer, Hannah, "The odeM rn Opinions Regarding Polygamy of Married Men and Women in Dakar" (2013). Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection. 1680. https://digitalcollections.sit.edu/isp_collection/1680 This Unpublished Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the SIT Study Abroad at SIT Digital Collections. It has been accepted for inclusion in Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection by an authorized administrator of SIT Digital Collections. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1 The Modern Opinions Regarding Polygamy of Married Men and Women in Dakar Fried-Tanzer, Hannah Academic Director: Diallo, Souleye Project Adviser: Gaye, Rokhaya George Washington University French and Anthropology Senegal, Dakar Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Senegal: National Identity and the Arts Program SIT Study Abroad, Fall 2013 2 Table of Contents Abstract 2 Introduction and Historical Context 3 Methodology 9 Findings/Interviews 11 Monogamy 11 Polygamy 13 Results and Analysis 21 Misgivings 24 Challenges 25 Conclusion 25 Works Cited 27 Interviews Cited 29 Appendix A: Questionnaire 30 Appendix B: Time Log 31 3 Abstract Polygamy is the practice in which a man takes multiple wives. While it is no longer legal in certain countries, it is still allowed both legally and religiously in Senegal, and is still practiced today.
    [Show full text]