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Christopher Fabritius
Cand. Merc. Management of Innovation and Business Development Innovation and Organizational Economics Master’s Thesis Christopher Fabritius Strategic dimensions for open source competition - Appropriating value in a weak appropriablity regime Pages: 72 Standard pages: 60.21 Christopher Fabritius Supervisor: Jens Frøslev Institute: INO Copenhagen Business School, December 2009 Abstract Purpose Firstly, to place open source business models in a theoretical framework. Secondly, to identify generic complementary assets that are essential for the ability of open source firms to compete. Lastly, to relate the individual assets to the properties of open source licensing and software business models. Design/methodology/approach An empirical approach that questions assumptions of existing theory. This is achieved through an examination of the mechanisms and unique characteristics of open source software, and how these influence business models with special regards to complementary assets. Using the findings from “Profiting from Technological Innovation” by David Teece and other key theorists to outline the interaction between complementary assets and available product markets. Finally, empirical data is used to identify and closely examine core complementary assets in weak appropriability regimes. Findings Copyright legislation is used to ensure innovation through forcing openness of the technology in contrast to the traditional opposite approach. Teece can be used to place open source business models in a familiar framework, defining open source as a weak appropriability regime. Though subject to a peculiar set of rules regarding technology and innovation, open source business is fundamentally “business as usual” when approached from a strategic perspective. It is the constellation of complementary assets in combination with select product markets that enables the unique competitive position for players and defines business models. -
History of Linux from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
History of Linux From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The history of Linux began in 1991 with the commencement of a personal project by Finnish student Linus Torvalds to create a new free operating system kernel. Since then, the resulting Linux kernel has been marked by constant growth throughout its history. Since the initial release of its source code in 1991, it has grown from a small number of C files under a license prohibiting commercial distribution to the 4.2.3 version in 2015 with more than 18 million lines of source code under the GNU General Public License v2.[1](p7)[2][3] Contents 1 Events leading to creation 2 The creation of Linux 3 Naming 4 Linux under the GNU GPL 5 GNU/Linux naming controversy 6 Official mascot 7 New development 7.1 Community 7.2 Open Source Development Lab and Linux Foundation 7.3 Companies 7.4 Desktop environments 8 "Linux is obsolete" 9 Competition from Microsoft 10 SCO 11 Trademark rights 12 Chronology 13 See also 14 References 15 External links Events leading to creation After AT&T had dropped out of the Multics project, the Unix operating system was conceived and implemented by Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie (both of AT&T Bell Laboratories) in 1969 and first released in 1970. Later they rewrote it in a new programming language, C, to make it portable. The availability and portability of Unix caused it to be widely adopted, copied and modified by academic institutions and businesses. In 1977, the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) was developed by the Computer Systems Research Group (CSRG) from UC Berkeley, based on the 6th edition of Unix from AT&T. -
Linux Foundation Training & Certification
Linux Foundation Training & Certification April 2020 Agenda 1. The Linux Foundation (TLF or The LF) 2. Demand for Talent 3. Training and Certification 4. Why Certify with LFCS? Close with Q&A Intro to the Linux Foundation Linux Foundation History ˃ The Linux Foundation was started in 2000 under the Open Source Development Labs (OSDL) and became the organization it is today when OSDL merged with the Free Standards Group (FSG) in 2007. ˃ The Linux Foundation is home to the largest open source projects in the world and sponsors the work of Linux creator Linus Torvalds. ˃ The Linux Foundation is supported by leading technology firms and developers from around the world. ˃ The Linux Foundation provides infrastructure, legal management, events, training and certification, for open source projects in order grow and sustain them. 4 The Linux Foundation is creating the greatest shared technology investment in history by enabling open source collaboration across companies, developers, and users. We are the organization of choice to build ecosystems that accelerate open technology development and commercial adoption. Neutral home for the world's most important projects We host over 200 of the most critical open source projects accelerating open technology and commercial adoption. Our projects harness the power of open source development to fuel innovation at unmatched speed and scale. www.linuxfoundation.org/projects/ Linux has become the most important software in the world 99% 82% 2nd 90% 90% 62% #1 Supercomputer Smartphone To Windows Mainframe -
How NOT to Do Research on an Open Source Community
How NOT to do research on an open source community... Greg Kroah-Hartman David A. Wheeler May 2021 Timeline (1 of 4) ● 2020 Aug 9..21: “Hypocrite Commits” patches sent from UMN researchers ○ Attempted to introduce vulnerabilities to see if they would be detected ○ Sent to kernel developers from false identities; without consent, notice, or ethics review ● 2020 Nov: Draft “Hypocrite Commits” paper is published ● 2020 Nov 22: Sarah Jamie Lewis calls attention to paper’s questionable ethics ● 2020 Dec 1: Lewis & others send letter to IEEE S&P, questioning ethics ● 2020 Dec [day unknown]: UMN IRB appears to give after-the-fact exemption to research on the basis that it believes the research is not human research ● 2020 Dec 15: UMN issues clarification ● 2021 Apr 6: Poor quality patches sent by UMN after ~7 months of silence ○ Raises spectre of continued attacks ● 2021 Apr 20: Greg K-H asks submitters to stop sending poor quality patches under the guise of “research on maintainers” ○ Researcher claimed new set of patches was not part of previous research ○ Greg replies, umn.edu submissions should be rejected until all figured out UMN = University of Minnesota, IEEE = Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, S&P = Security & Privacy Source: TAB report 2 Timeline (2 of 4) ● 2021 Apr 21: Greg K-H requests review @umn.edu reverts, TAB begins review ● 2021 Apr 23: Linux Foundation sends letter to UMN requesting: ○ Id all proposals of known-vulnerable code from any U of MN experiment ○ Withdraw, from formal publication, research where subjects didn’t give prior consent ○ Ensure all future U of MN experiments on people first have review and approval ○ Ensure all future reviews of proposed experiments on people will normally ensure the consent of those being experimented on ● 2021 Apr 24: UMN publishes “An open letter to the Linux community” ● 2021 Apr 26: UMN researchers retract "Hypocrite Commits" paper from formal publication ● 2021 Apr 27: UMN published details on commits & replies to LF ○ Paper withdrawn. -
Open Source Development Tools for Embedded Linux Software The
DATASHEET The YOCTO™ PROJECT LINUX TOOLS 1 Open Source Development Tools for Embedded Linux Software The Yocto Project provides an Application Development Toolkit (ADT) which includes a set of recommended development tools from the open source community. The Enea Linux distribution includes some of these tools and suggests that the tools are used in Eclipse. Eclipse™ is an open source Integrated Development Environment (IDE) comprising a base workspace and an extensible plug-in system for customizing the environment, written mostly in Java. It is the preferred choice of IDE if you prefer working in a graphical IDE instead of issuing commands in a shell. The Application Development Kit Cross Compiling n Aimed at application developers n Cross-compiler toolchain for specific host/target n Cross-develop on the host machine for the target n Automatically generate Makefile for specific target hardware n Not requiring to learn a build system Debugging remotely n Architecture specific cross-toolchain and sysroot n Compile using generated n Eclipse IDE Yocto Plug-in n Makefile n Debugging tools n Load using TCF n Profiling tools n Run remotely n QEMU emulator integration n Debug using GDB n TCF connection (Target Communication Framework) LTTng tracing n Track down and debug problems involving concurrent processes and threads. n Kernel and UST n LTTng Viewer – display and analyze traces n Remotely run a tracing session Powertop n Power usage statistics Latencytop n Identify system latency hiccups n What kind of operation/action is causing it Image 1: Provides workflow using the ADT and Eclipse™ The Linux trademark is owned by Linus Torvalds and administered by the Linux Mark Institute. -
Dirce Maria Santin
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL FACULDADE DE BIBLIOTECONOMIA E COMUNICAÇÃO Dirce Maria Santin O SOFTWARE LIVRE E O ACESSO À INFORMAÇÃO: ALTERNATIVAS PARA A SOCIALIZAÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO Porto Alegre 2005 Dirce Maria Santin O SOFTWARE LIVRE E O ACESSO À INFORMAÇÃO: ALTERNATIVAS PARA A SOCIALIZAÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso apresentado como requisito parcial para obtenção do grau de Bacharel em Biblioteconomia pela Faculdade de Biblioteconomia e Comunicação da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Valdir Jose Morigi Porto Alegre 2005 FOLHA DE APROVAÇÃO DA BANCA EXAMINADORA DIRCE MARIA SANTIN O SOFTWARE LIVRE E O ACESSO À INFORMAÇÃO: ALTERNATIVAS PARA A SOCIALIZAÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO Trabalho de conclusão de curso de graduação apresentado ao Departamento de Ciências da Informação da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, como requisito parcial para a obtenção do grau de Bacharel em Biblioteconomia. Conceito final: .................................................. Aprovado em ........ de ....................... de 2005. BANCA EXAMINADORA ____________________________________________________________ Profa. Dra. Ilza Maria Tourinho Girardi - UFRGS ____________________________________________________________ Prof. Dr. Rafael Port da Rocha – UFRGS ____________________________________________________________ Orientador – Prof. Dr. Valdir Jose Morigi Para o Thales, motivo e razão de todos os sonhos e conquistas. AGRADECIMENTOS À Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, pela formação social e interdisciplinar, pelos elementos formadores de minha identidade social e de minha personalidade e pela compreensão de que os caminhos também andam pelas minhas mãos. Ao meu orientador, Prof. Dr. Valdir Jose Morigi, pela disponibilidade e atenção, pela segurança na orientação, pelas discussões informais e, em especial, pela liberdade no desenvolvimento deste estudo. À Profa. Dra. Ilza Maria Tourinho Girardi e ao Prof. -
LF Deep Learning Foundation Overview Presentation
LF Deep Learning Foundation Overview Presentation October 2018 Antitrust Policy Notice › Linux Foundation meetings involve participation by industry competitors, and it is the intention of the Linux Foundation to conduct all of its activities in accordance with applicable antitrust and competition laws. It is therefore extremely important that attendees adhere to meeting agendas, and be aware of, and not participate in, any activities that are prohibited under applicable US state, federal or foreign antitrust and competition laws. › Examples of types of actions that are prohibited at Linux Foundation meetings and in connection with Linux Foundation activities are described in the Linux Foundation Antitrust Policy available at http://www.linuxfoundation.org/antitrust-policy. If you have questions about these matters, please contact your company counsel, or if you are a member of the Linux Foundation, feel free to contact Andrew Updegrove of the firm of Gesmer Updegrove LLP, which provides legal counsel to the Linux Foundation. 2 Agenda › Mission of the LF Deep Learning Foundation › LF DL -- Governance and Structure › Review of LF DL as an “Umbrella Project” › Governing Board › Budget › Technical Advisory Committee › Project Contribution Process › Outreach Committee › Marketing Statistics › Review of LF DL Activities Since March 2018 Launch › Supported Projects › Acumos AI Project › Angel Project › EDL Project › More Information / How to Get Involved › Discussion / Q&A 10/25/2018 3 LF DL Mission and Strategic Goals › LF DL is driving open -
White Paper Open Governance
FP7-ICT-2009-5 257103 page: 1 of 30 white paper: Open Governance white paper Open Governance October 2012 This work is partially funded by webinos, an EU-funded project under the EU FP7 ICT Programme, No 257103. This report is a public deliverable of the webinos project. The project members will review any feedback received; updates will be incorporated as applicable. The webinos project reserves the right to disregard your feedback without explanation. Later in the year, update to the report may be published on www.webinos.org as well as being made available as a live and community maintainable wiki. If you want to comment or contribute on the content of the webinos project and its deliverables you shall agree to make available any Essential Claims related to the work of webinos under the conditions of section 5 of the W3C Patent Policy; the exact Royalty Free Terms can be found at: http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/. This report is for personal use only. Other individuals who are interested to receive a copy, need to register to http://webinos.org/downloads. For feedback or further questions, contact: [email protected] DISCLAIMER: webinos believes the statements contained in this publication to be based upon information that we consider reliable, but we do not represent that it is accurate or complete and it should not be relied upon as such. Opinions expressed are current opinions as of the date appearing on this publication only and the information, including the opinions contained herein, are subject to change without notice. -
Technical Advisory Council Meeting
Technical Advisory Council Meeting September 10, 2020 Antitrust Policy Notice › Linux Foundation meetings involve participation by industry competitors, and it is the intention of the Linux Foundation to conduct all of its activities in accordance with applicable antitrust and competition laws. It is therefore extremely important that attendees adhere to meeting agendas, and be aware of, and not participate in, any activities that are prohibited under applicable US state, federal or foreign antitrust and competition laws. › Examples of types of actions that are prohibited at Linux Foundation meetings and in connection with Linux Foundation activities are described in the Linux Foundation Antitrust Policy available at http://www.linuxfoundation.org/antitrust-policy. If you have questions about these matters, please contact your company counsel, or if you are a member of the Linux Foundation, feel free to contact Andrew Updegrove of the firm of Gesmer Undergone LLP, which provides legal counsel to the Linux Foundation. 2 Recording of Calls Reminder: TAC calls are recorded and available for viewing on the TAC Wiki 3 Reminder: LF AI Useful Links Web site: lfai.foundation Wiki: wiki.lfai.foundation GitHub: github.com/lfai Landscape: landscape.lfai.foundation or l.lfai.foundation Mail Lists: https://lists.lfai.foundation LF AI Logos: https://github.com/lfai/artwork/tree/master/lfai LF AI Presentation Template: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1eiDNJvXCqSZHT4Zk_- czASlz2GTBRZk2/view?usp=sharing Events Page on LF AI Website: https://lfai.foundation/events/ Events Calendar on LF AI Wiki (subscribe available): https://wiki.lfai.foundation/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=12091544 Event Wiki Pages: https://wiki.lfai.foundation/display/DL/LF+AI+Foundation+Events 4 Agenda We are tight on timing. -
{Dоwnlоаd/Rеаd PDF Bооk} Linux Phrasebook 1St Edition
LINUX PHRASEBOOK 1ST EDITION PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Scott Granneman | 9780672328381 | | | | | Linux Phrasebook 1st edition PDF Book Previous editions. The hierarchy is not reflected in the list. Signed out You have successfully signed out and will be required to sign back in should you need to download more resources. Tanenbaum's prediction that Linux would become outdated within a few years and replaced by GNU Hurd which he considered to be more modern proved incorrect. Add To My Wish List. The Linux Mark Institute, which represents Linus Torvalds' rights, announced a price increase from to 5, dollars for the use of the name. On 25 August , he at age 21 announced this system in a Usenet posting to the newsgroup "comp. Place your image files either in the My Wallpapers folder or in a sub-folder under the My Screensavers folder. Select Show Covers to see and browse through the covers by swiping your finger left or right. After all, before you can manipulate and use files in a directory remember, file and directory are interchangeable , you first have to know what files are available. Class 2, 4 and 6 cards are supported. You might be asked to put your NOOK in a separate bin when going through airport security. Ars Technica. Then make the changes to the email address or the password of your account, and then re-register your NOOK using the current new email address and password for your account. It cannot connect to any international cellular data networks, including those in Canada and Mexico. The top edge of the battery should rise up out of the slot that holds the battery. -
Open Compliance Summit 2017 V3
Open Compliance Summit 15 November 2017 A note on Chatham House Rules “When a meeting, or part thereof, is held under the Chatham House Rule, participants are free to use the information received, but neither the identity nor the affiliation of the speaker(s), nor that of any other participant, may be revealed.” See more at: http://www.chathamhouse.org/about/chatham-house-rule#sthash.q6ybxH03.dpuf Open Compliance Summit Nov 2017 2 As systems require data to learn and evolve, no one organization can build, maintain and source all data required. Data communities are forming • AI and ML use cases • Autonomous systems • Connected civil infrastructure Data is not the same as source code › In the US and elsewhere, data itself is generally not protectable IP (see Feist Publications, Inc., v. Rural Telephone Service Co.)1 › Only the creative expression of the data is protectable by copyright; Facts are not › Some data provider organizations are trying any means available to lock down access to data, sometimes with direct or ambiguous terms around usage rights › “Intellectual Property Rights means the rights in and to patents, trademarks, service marks, trade and service names, copyrights, database rights and design rights, rights in know-how, moral rights, trade secrets and all rights or forms of protection of a similar nature or having similar or equivalent effect which may subsist anywhere in the world now existing or hereafter arising.” 1 Available at: http://caselaw.findlaw.com/us-supreme-court/499/340.html The CDLA license agreements enable sharing data openly, embodying best practices learned over decades sharing source code. -
Open Governance Index FINAL
Open Governance Index © VisionMobile 2011 | www.visionmobile.com 1 Open Governance Index About VisionMobile Contents VisionMobile is a leading market analysis and strategy firm, A. Open Source Economics for all things connected..Cover We offerpage competitive analysis, market due diligence, industry maps, executive training and B. Open Source Governance Models strategy, on topics ranging from the industry's hottest trends C. The Governance Index to under-the-radar market sectors. Our mantra: distilling market noise into market sense. VisionMobile Ltd. 90 Long Acre, Covent Garden, Authors London WC2E 9RZ +44 845 003 8742 Liz Laffan, BABS, MA(IPE). www.visionmobile.com/blog Liz Laffan is a Research Partner at VisionMobile. Liz Follow us: @visionmobile has been working in the telecoms and mobile industry for over 20 years, with large telco organisations, start-up technology ventures, software About webinos development and licensing firms. Liz's interests lie This research was partially funded by webinos, an EU- in open source software governance and licensing funded project under the EU FP7 ICT Programme and in particular how best can commercial (#257103). organisations interact with open source projects. She Webinos is an EU-funded project aiming to deliver a can be reached at [email protected]' platform for web applications across mobile, PC, home media (TV) and in-car devices.VisionMobile is a member of the webinos consortium. More info at www.webinos.org Also by VisionMobile th License Mobile Industry Atlas | 4 Edition The complete map of the mobile industry Licensed under Creative Commons landscape, mapping 1,350+ companies Attribution 3.0 license.