DOCSLIB.ORG

I the Role of Functional Diversity in Biotic Resistance of Non-Native

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
I the Role of Functional Diversity in Biotic Resistance of Non-Native The role of functional diversity in biotic resistance of non-native fishes and invertebrates in Lake Erie coastal wetlands Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Masters of Science in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Jenna Lynn Odegard, B.S. Graduate Program in Environment & Natural Resources The Ohio State University 2017 Thesis Committee: Dr. Suzanne M. Gray, Co-Advisor Dr. Lauren M. Pintor, Co-Advisor Dr. Christopher M. Tonra Dr. Christopher J. Winslow i Copyright by Jenna Lynn Odegard 2017 i Abstract Biological invasions are a leading cause of biodiversity declines and impairment of ecosystem function. Native assemblages that resist invasion by non-native species are frequently thought to be more diverse (i.e. diversity-invasibility hypothesis, DIH). This “biotic resistance” to non-natives by a more diverse assemblage of native species is thought to occur through increased interspecific competition, more fully used resources, and less available niche space. Evidence in support of the biotic resistance is mixed, suggesting that the DIH relationship depends on spatial scale (e.g. “invasion paradox”); however, another factor influencing the relationship between native and non-native species might be how diversity is measured. Most research that examines whether more diverse assemblages are more resistant to invasion has typically focused on measuring taxonomic biodiversity; however, functional diversity (e.g. feeding groups) might also be an important factor contributing to a native assemblage’s biotic resistance. In this study, I investigated if there is support for DIH in fish and invertebrate assemblages in coastal wetlands along the western basin of Lake Erie, according to taxonomic and functional richness and diversity. I sampled native and non-native fishes and invertebrates seasonally between 2013 and 2016. I expected to find a negative association between native and non-native organisms in support of DIH; however, I did not find significant within- taxonomic group relationships. In contrast, when investigating the association between fishes and non-native invertebrate presence across assemblage, I found a positive association. Explanations for these results might be related to spatial scale of the study, the possibility of abiotic factors or facilitation influencing invasion success, my approach to quantifying the biotic assemblage, time since invasion, and the statistical power. Assessing these biotic resistance trends is important for reducing costly impacts of invasion, prioritizing management efforts, and conserving native species. ii Dedication This work is dedicated to the love of nature, fresh air, calming waters, and funny-looking aquatic organisms. May we never cease to be amazed by life. iii Acknowledgments Thanks to my advisors, Dr. Lauren Pintor and Dr. Suzanne Gray, for giving immense support and guidance during my graduate career. Thanks to my committee members, Dr. Chris Tonra and Dr. Chris Winslow, for sharing their ideas to develop and conduct this research project. Thanks to NOAA/Ohio Sea Grant and OSU for providing funding and employees and students to assist with field work, including Tory Gabriel, Matt Thomas, Kevin Hart, Chris Johnson, Richard Oldham, Erin O'Shaughnessey, Ryan Hudson, Alan Coburn, Martha Zapata, and Ross Standt. Thanks to Rhithron Associates, Angela Dripps (Environment Protection Agency), and Dr. Watters (Museum for Biological Diversity) for their professional assistance with identification of “mystery” macroinvertebrates. Finally, many thank to the numerous undergraduate students who assisted with processing of invertebrates samples in the laboratory. This army of undergraduate researchers includes Katie White, Elizabeth Bertoli, Victoria Stoodley, Callie Nauman, Grace Simpson, Alissa Finke, Ella Weaver, Kaylina Ruth, Mayim Hamblen, Alec Mell, Gemma Bush, Brin Kessinger, Taylor Gray, Scott Meyer, Dan Hribar, Katherine Denune, and Andy Opplinger. Without the involvement of all these people, this project would not have been possible! iv Vita May 2009 ...................................................................................Mahtomedi High School May 2013 ..................................................................................................B.S. in Biology University of Wisconsin-River Falls July 2014 to present ......................................Graduate Research and Teaching Associate, School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University Fields of Study Major Field: Environment and Natural Resources Specialization Fisheries and Wildlife Science v Table of Contents Abstract……………………………………………………………………....... ii Dedication……………………………………………………………………... iii Acknowledgements…………………………………………………………… iv Vita……………………………………………………………………............. v List of Tables………………………………………………………………….. vii List of Figures…………………………………………………………………. x Chapter 1: Literature review of invasion, biotic resistance, and functional diversity……………………………………………………………………...... 1 References…………………………………………………………………….. 11 Chapter 2: The role of functional diversity in biotic resistance of non-native fishes in Lake Erie coastal waters……………………………………………... 19 References.......................................................................................................... 39 Chapter 3- The role of functional diversity of fishes and invertebrates in biotic resistance of non-native fishes in Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge…... 58 References.......................................................................................................... 91 Appendix A. Native and non-native fishes found collected using fyke nets from 8 sites sampled in fall and spring 2013-2014 and their associated status, and feeding guilds (FG)…………………………………………. 124 Appendix B. Abiotic water sampling: averages of 3 water collections collected from each site were calculated to assess seasonal and yearly fluctuations.…………………………………………………………………… 126 Appendix C. Invertebrate subsampling method 1 used to randomly select material to search for invertebrates for samples larger than 250-mL. ………... 129 Appendix D. Fish species found, minnow trap mesh size they were collected in, Invader status according to GLANSIS, and associated feeding guild (FG)…..………………...................................................................................... 130 Appendix E. Invertebrates found with Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs), Invader status, and functional feeding group (FFG)…………………………... 131 vi List of Tables Table 2.1. Sampling regime of fish sampling in fall and spring 2013 and 2014………………………………………………………………………... 46 Table 2.2. Non-native fishes found and percent relative abundance among non-native species found……………...…………………………………… 47 Table 2.3. Non-native fish taxonomic richness explained by native fish taxonomic richness, connection to Lake Erie, year, and season, shown by A) 15 candidate generalized linear mixed effect models and B) Relative Variable Importance (RVI) scores for the explanatory variables……….…. 48 Table 2.4. Non-native fish functional richness explained by native fish functional richness, connection to Lake Erie, year, and season, shown by A) Ranked generalized linear mixed effect models, and B) Relative Variable Importance (RVI) scores for the explanatory variables….………. 49 Table 2.5. Non-native fish taxonomic diversity according to Shannon- Weiner Diversity Index explained by native fish taxonomic diversity, connection to Lake Erie, year, and season, shown by A) Ranked linear mixed effect models, and B) Relative Variable Importance (RVI) scores for the explanatory variables…………………………...………………….. 50 Table 2.6. Non-native fish taxonomic diversity according to Simpson’s Index of Diversity explained by native fish taxonomic diversity, connection to Lake Erie, year, and season, shown by A) Ranked linear mixed effect models, and B) Relative Variable Importance (RVI) scores for the explanatory variables…………………….………………………… 51 Table 2.7. Non-native fish functional diversity according to Shannon- Weiner Index of Diversity explained by native fish functional diversity, connection to Lake Erie, year, and season, shown by A) Ranked linear vii mixed effect models, and B) Relative Variable Importance (RVI) scores for the explanatory variables…..…...…………………….………………... 52 Table 2.8. Non-native fish functional diversity according to Simpson’s Index of Diversity explained by native fish functional diversity, connection to Lake Erie, year, and season, shown by A) Ranked linear mixed effect models and B) Relative Variable Importance (RVI) scores for the explanatory variables……………………..………………...……… 53 Table 2.9. Area of sites not directly connected to Lake Erie………...……. 54 Table 3.1. Schedule of fish and invertebrate sampling conducted at Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge, OH…………………………………….. 98 Table 3.2. Taxonomic and functional richness and diversity averages +/- standard error fish and invertebrates samples across 7 sites in 2014 and 9 sites in 2015 in spring, summer and fall……...……………………………. 99 Table 3.3. Results of the generalized linear mixed effect regression model performed on the dependent variable, non-native fish abundance, to test its association with native fish……………………………………...…………. 100 Table 3.4. Results of generalized linear mixed effect regression model performed on the dependent variable, non-native fish presence, to test its association with native………..…………..…………………………...…… 102 Table 3.5. Results of the generalized linear mixed effect regression
Load more

Recommended publications
  • First Report of the Invasive Snail Pomacea Canaliculata in Kenya Alan G
    Buddie et al. CABI Agric Biosci (2021) 2:11 https://doi.org/10.1186/s43170-021-00032-z CABI Agriculture and Bioscience RESEARCH Open Access First report of the invasive snail Pomacea canaliculata in Kenya Alan G. Buddie1* , Ivan Rwomushana2 , Lisa C. Oford1 , Simeon Kibet3, Fernadis Makale2 , Djamila Djeddour1 , Giovanni Cafa1 , Koskei K. Vincent4, Alexander M. Muvea3 , Duncan Chacha2 and Roger K. Day2 Abstract Following reports of an invasive snail causing crop damage in the expansive Mwea irrigation scheme in Kenya, samples of snails and associated egg masses were collected and sent to CABI laboratories in the UK for molecular identifcation. DNA barcoding analyses using the cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene gave preliminary identifcation of the snails as Pomacea canaliculata, widely considered to have the potential to be one of the most invasive inver- tebrates of waterways and irrigation systems worldwide and which is already causing issues throughout much of south-east Asia. To the best of our knowledge, this is the frst documented record of P. canaliculata in Kenya, and the frst confrmed record of an established population in continental Africa. This timely identifcation shows the beneft of molecular identifcation and the need for robust species identifcations: even a curated sequence database such as that provided by the Barcoding of Life Data system may require additional checks on the veracity of the underlying identifcations. We found that the egg mass tested gave an identical barcode sequence to the adult snails, allowing identifcations to be made more rapidly. Part of the nuclear elongation factor 1 alpha gene was sequenced to confrm that the snail was P.
    [Show full text]
  • North American Hydrobiidae (Gastropoda: Rissoacea): Redescription and Systematic Relationships of Tryonia Stimpson, 1865 and Pyrgulopsis Call and Pilsbry, 1886
    THE NAUTILUS 101(1):25-32, 1987 Page 25 . North American Hydrobiidae (Gastropoda: Rissoacea): Redescription and Systematic Relationships of Tryonia Stimpson, 1865 and Pyrgulopsis Call and Pilsbry, 1886 Robert Hershler Fred G. Thompson Department of Invertebrate Zoology Florida State Museum National Museum of Natural History University of Florida Smithsonian Institution Gainesville, FL 32611, USA Washington, DC 20560, USA ABSTRACT scribed) in the Southwest. Taylor (1966) placed Tryonia in the Littoridininae Taylor, 1966 on the basis of its Anatomical details are provided for the type species of Tryonia turreted shell and glandular penial lobes. It is clear from Stimpson, 1865, Pyrgulopsis Call and Pilsbry, 1886, Fonteli- cella Gregg and Taylor, 1965, and Microamnicola Gregg and the initial descriptions and subsequent studies illustrat- Taylor, 1965, in an effort to resolve the systematic relationships ing the penis (Russell, 1971: fig. 4; Taylor, 1983:16-25) of these taxa, which represent most of the generic-level groups that Fontelicella and its subgenera, Natricola Gregg and of Hydrobiidae in southwestern North America. Based on these Taylor, 1965 and Microamnicola Gregg and Taylor, 1965 and other data presented either herein or in the literature, belong to the Nymphophilinae Taylor, 1966 (see Hyalopyrgus Thompson, 1968 is assigned to Tryonia; and Thompson, 1979). While the type species of Pyrgulop- Fontelicella, Microamnicola, Nat ricola Gregg and Taylor, 1965, sis, P. nevadensis (Stearns, 1883), has not received an- Marstonia F. C. Baker, 1926, and Mexistiobia Hershler, 1985 atomical study, the penes of several eastern species have are allocated to Pyrgulopsis. been examined by Thompson (1977), who suggested that The ranges of both Tryonia and Pyrgulopsis include parts the genus may be a nymphophiline.
    [Show full text]
  • By Agabus Bipustulatus (Insecta, Coleoptera, Dytiscidae)
    Predation on Italian newt larva, Lissotriton italicus (Amphibia, Caudata, Salamandridae), by Agabus bipustulatus (Insecta, Coleoptera, Dytiscidae) LUIGI CORSETTI1 and GIANLUCA NARDI2 1 Via Adige, 45. I-04100 Latina, Italy. 2 Centro Nazionale per lo Studio e la Conservazione della Biodiversità Forestale - Corpo Forestale dello Stato. Strada Mantova, 29. I-46045 Marmirolo (MN), Italy. 2 Author for correspondence: [email protected] ABSTRACT — Predation of a larva of Lissotriton italicus by adults of a diving beetle (Agabus bipustulatus) on the Aurunci Mountains (central Italy, Latium region) is recorded. This is the first identified invertebrate predator of this Italian endemic newt. The possible role of this beetle in the local demographic control of the newt is briefly discussed. HE Italian Newt, Lissotriton italicus (Peracca), (Latina province, Castelforte, Monte Siola W-SW Tpreviously referred to the genus Triturus slope, 240 m a.s.l). No other amphibians occurred (Rafinesque), is endemic to central and southern in the pond, which was probably feebly trickle fed Italy. The northern most limits of its distribution by a very small spring. In this pond about 15 adults include an oblique area extended from the Ancona of a predaceous diving beetle, Agabus bipustulatus province (Marches region) South to Lepini (Linnaeus) (Insecta, Coleoptera, Dytiscidae) were Mountains (Latium region, Rome province), on observed attacking a larva of the Italian Newt. The the Adriatic and Tyrrhenian sides of the Apennines, larva was initially attacked by a single beetle that respectively (Corsetti et al., 2005; Balletto, 2006; was quickly followed by the others and was Scillitani et al., 2006; Scillitani & Tripepi, 2007). devoured, almost completely, in about 10-15 It is a euryoecious species living in a wide range seconds.
    [Show full text]
  • Lessons from Genome Skimming of Arthropod-Preserving Ethanol Benjamin Linard, P
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Archive Ouverte en Sciences de l'Information et de la Communication Lessons from genome skimming of arthropod-preserving ethanol Benjamin Linard, P. Arribas, C. Andújar, A. Crampton-Platt, A. P. Vogler To cite this version: Benjamin Linard, P. Arribas, C. Andújar, A. Crampton-Platt, A. P. Vogler. Lessons from genome skimming of arthropod-preserving ethanol. Molecular Ecology Resources, Wiley/Blackwell, 2016, 16 (6), pp.1365-1377. 10.1111/1755-0998.12539. hal-01636888 HAL Id: hal-01636888 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01636888 Submitted on 17 Jan 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. 1 Lessons from genome skimming of arthropod-preserving 2 ethanol 3 Linard B.*1,4, Arribas P.*1,2,5, Andújar C.1,2, Crampton-Platt A.1,3, Vogler A.P. 1,2 4 5 1 Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 6 5BD, UK, 7 2 Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot 8 SL5 7PY, UK, 9 3 Department
    [Show full text]
  • Pomacea Canaliculata (Lamarck, 1822)
    Pomacea canaliculata (Lamarck, 1822) Diagnostic features Distinguished from Pomacea diffusa by its larger sized shell (up to 75 mm in height) and deeply channelled suture. Animal with distinctive head-foot; snout uniquely with a pair of Pomacea canaliculata (adult size up to 75 mm in height) Characteristic pink egg mass, commonly laid on vegetation. distal, long, tentacle-like processes; cephalic tentacles very long. A long 'siphon' is also present. Classification Pomacea canaliculata (Lamarck, 1822) Common name: Golden apple snail Class Gastropoda I nfraclass Caenogastropoda I nformal group Architaenioglossa Order Ampullarida Superfamily Ampullarioidea Family Ampullariidae Genus Pomacea Perry, 1810 Original name: Ampullaria canaliculata Lamarck, 1822. Lamarck, J. B. P. A. de M. de (1822). Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertèbres Tome sixième.LĘauteur, Paris. 1-232 pp. Type locality: Laguna Guadeloupe ? Santa Fe, Argentina (as ėRivierès de la Guadeloupe) Biology and ecology This species lives on sediment and on aquatic and semi-aquatic vegetation. t lays pink coloured egg masses on plants above the waterline. t has become a major pest of aquatic crops as it eats living plants including rice and taro crops. Distribution ntroduced from South America into the southern United States, East Asia, islands of the ndian Ocean and New Guinea. Notes This pest species has not as yet entered Australia, but ought to be considered a significant risk due to its presence as an invasive in the adjacent ndo-west Pacific region. Two other south Asian ampullariid species have regularly been intercepted by Australian Biosecurity ĕ they are Pila ampullacea (Linnaeus, 1758) and Pila globosa (Swainson, 1822).
    [Show full text]
  • Metacommunities and Biodiversity Patterns in Mediterranean Temporary Ponds: the Role of Pond Size, Network Connectivity and Dispersal Mode
    METACOMMUNITIES AND BIODIVERSITY PATTERNS IN MEDITERRANEAN TEMPORARY PONDS: THE ROLE OF POND SIZE, NETWORK CONNECTIVITY AND DISPERSAL MODE Irene Tornero Pinilla Per citar o enllaçar aquest document: Para citar o enlazar este documento: Use this url to cite or link to this publication: http://www.tdx.cat/handle/10803/670096 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/deed.ca Aquesta obra està subjecta a una llicència Creative Commons Reconeixement- NoComercial Esta obra está bajo una licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial licence DOCTORAL THESIS Metacommunities and biodiversity patterns in Mediterranean temporary ponds: the role of pond size, network connectivity and dispersal mode Irene Tornero Pinilla 2020 DOCTORAL THESIS Metacommunities and biodiversity patterns in Mediterranean temporary ponds: the role of pond size, network connectivity and dispersal mode IRENE TORNERO PINILLA 2020 DOCTORAL PROGRAMME IN WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY SUPERVISED BY DR DANI BOIX MASAFRET DR STÉPHANIE GASCÓN GARCIA Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements to obtain the Degree of Doctor at the University of Girona Dr Dani Boix Masafret and Dr Stéphanie Gascón Garcia, from the University of Girona, DECLARE: That the thesis entitled Metacommunities and biodiversity patterns in Mediterranean temporary ponds: the role of pond size, network connectivity and dispersal mode submitted by Irene Tornero Pinilla to obtain a doctoral degree has been completed under our supervision. In witness thereof, we hereby sign this document. Dr Dani Boix Masafret Dr Stéphanie Gascón Garcia Girona, 22nd November 2019 A mi familia Caminante, son tus huellas el camino y nada más; Caminante, no hay camino, se hace camino al andar.
    [Show full text]
  • Empirically Derived Indices of Biotic Integrity for Forested Wetlands, Coastal Salt Marshes and Wadable Freshwater Streams in Massachusetts
    Empirically Derived Indices of Biotic Integrity for Forested Wetlands, Coastal Salt Marshes and Wadable Freshwater Streams in Massachusetts September 15, 2013 This report is the result of several years of field data collection, analyses and IBI development, and consideration of the opportunities for wetland program and policy development in relation to IBIs and CAPS Index of Ecological Integrity (IEI). Contributors include: University of Massachusetts Amherst Kevin McGarigal, Ethan Plunkett, Joanna Grand, Brad Compton, Theresa Portante, Kasey Rolih, and Scott Jackson Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management Jan Smith, Marc Carullo, and Adrienne Pappal Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection Lisa Rhodes, Lealdon Langley, and Michael Stroman Empirically Derived Indices of Biotic Integrity for Forested Wetlands, Coastal Salt Marshes and Wadable Freshwater Streams in Massachusetts Abstract The purpose of this study was to develop a fully empirically-based method for developing Indices of Biotic Integrity (IBIs) that does not rely on expert opinion or the arbitrary designation of reference sites and pilot its application in forested wetlands, coastal salt marshes and wadable freshwater streams in Massachusetts. The method we developed involves: 1) using a suite of regression models to estimate the abundance of each taxon across a gradient of stressor levels, 2) using statistical calibration based on the fitted regression models and maximum likelihood methods to predict the value of the stressor metric based on the abundance of the taxon at each site, 3) selecting taxa in a forward stepwise procedure that conditionally improves the concordance between the observed stressor value and the predicted value the most and a stopping rule for selecting taxa based on a conditional alpha derived from comparison to pseudotaxa data, and 4) comparing the coefficient of concordance for the final IBI to the expected distribution derived from randomly permuted data.
    [Show full text]
  • THE DRAGONFLIES and DAMSELFLIES (ODONATA) of HALTON REGION, ONTARIO an Annotated Checklist 2017
    THE DRAGONFLIES AND DAMSELFLIES (ODONATA) OF HALTON REGION, ONTARIO An annotated checklist 2017 First prepared by Carl J. Rothfels for the Halton NAI 2006 Updated by Brenda Van Ryswyk 2017 INTRODUCTION Jones & Holder 2000); A Preliminary Annotated List of the Odonata of Northern Bruce County The Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies) of including Bruce Peninsula National Park (Catling Halton Region have been historically under- et al. 2000b); the surveys of Sandbanks Provincial surveyed, especially when compared with both Park (Catling et al. 2000a; Bree 2001); the surveys odonate work in nearby areas (in 2000 Peel Region of Bon Echo Provincial Park (Bree 2000); and the had 71 documented species, Metropolitan Toronto surveys of Petroglyphs Provincial Park (Bree 2002; had 81, while Halton had only 49 [Catling & Bree 2004b). Brownell 2000]), and with work within Halton on other groups (e.g. birds). Fortunately, Halton was None of these regional and sub-regional works is well positioned to take advantage of the recent within or adjacent to Halton Region, concentrating renaissance in Ontario odonate study, particularly instead on the southern Carolinian Zone and the since 2000. This surge in interest culminated in the southern edge of the Canadian Shield. Since the inclusion of Odonata as one of the fauna groups distribution of odonates can vary significantly surveyed for during the Halton Natural Areas between regions, it is particularly important to fill Inventory (HNAI) in 2003 and 2004. this hole in our current understanding of Ontario odonate distributions. This checklist was first the result of the HNAI field surveys and has since been updated and expanded.
    [Show full text]
  • Species Status Assessment Report for Beaverpond Marstonia
    Species Status Assessment Report For Beaverpond Marstonia (Marstonia castor) Marstonia castor. Photo by Fred Thompson Version 1.0 September 2017 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Region 4 Atlanta, Georgia 1 2 This document was prepared by Tamara Johnson (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service – Georgia Ecological Services Field Office) with assistance from Andreas Moshogianis, Marshall Williams and Erin Rivenbark with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service – Southeast Regional Office, and Don Imm (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service – Georgia Ecological Services Field Office). Maps and GIS expertise were provided by Jose Barrios with U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service – Southeast Regional Office. We appreciate Gerald Dinkins (Dinkins Biological Consulting), Paul Johnson (Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources), and Jason Wisniewski (Georgia Department of Natural Resources) for providing peer review of a prior draft of this report. 3 Suggested reference: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2017. Species status assessment report for beaverpond marstonia. Version 1.0. September, 2017. Atlanta, GA. 24 pp. 4 Species Status Assessment Report for Beaverpond Marstonia (Marstonia castor) Prepared by the Georgia Ecological Services Field Office U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This species status assessment is a comprehensive biological status review by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) for beaverpond marstonia (Marstonia castor), and provides a thorough account of the species’ overall viability and extinction risk. Beaverpond marstonia is a small spring snail found in tributaries located east of Lake Blackshear in Crisp, Worth, and Dougherty Counties, Georgia. It was last documented in 2000. Based on the results of repeated surveys by qualified species experts, there appears to be no extant populations of beaverpond marstonia.
    [Show full text]
  • Pennsylvania Statewide Seasonal Pool Ecosystem Classification
    Pennsylvania Statewide Seasonal Pool Ecosystem Classification Description, mapping, and classification of seasonal pools, their associated plant and animal communities, and the surrounding landscape April 2009 Pennsylvania Natural Heritage Program i Cover photo by: Betsy Leppo, Pennsylvania Natural Heritage Program ii Pennsylvania Natural Heritage Program is a partnership of: Western Pennsylvania Conservancy, Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission, and Pennsylvania Game Commission. The project was funded by: Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Wild Resource Conservation Program Grant no. WRCP-06187 U.S. EPA State Wetland Protection Development Grant no. CD-973493-01 Suggested report citation: Leppo, B., Zimmerman, E., Ray, S., Podniesinski, G., and Furedi, M. 2009. Pennsylvania Statewide Seasonal Pool Ecosystem Classification: Description, mapping, and classification of seasonal pools, their associated plant and animal communities, and the surrounding landscape. Pennsylvania Natural Heritage Program, Western Pennsylvania Conservancy, Pittsburgh, PA. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We would like to thank the following organizations, agencies, and people for their time and support of this project: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (DCNR) Wild Resource Conservation Program (WRCP), who funded this study as part of their effort to encourage protection of wetland resources. Our appreciation to Greg Czarnecki (DCNR-WRCP) and Greg Podniesinski (DCNR-Office of Conservation Science (OCS)), who administered the EPA and WRCP funds for this work. We greatly appreciate the long hours in the field and lab logged by Western Pennsylvania Conservancy (WPC) staff including Kathy Derge Gipe, Ryan Miller, and Amy Myers. To Tim Maret, and Larry Klotz of Shippensburg University, Aura Stauffer of the PA Bureau of Forestry, and Eric Lindquist of Messiah College, we appreciate the advice you provided as we developed this project.
    [Show full text]
  • Survey of Critical Biological Resources of Pueblo County, Colorado
    Survey of Critical Biological Resources of Pueblo County, Colorado Colorado Natural Heritage Program Colorado State University 254 General Services Building 8002 Campus Delivery Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-8002 Survey of Critical Biological Resources of Pueblo County, Colorado Prepared for: Pueblo County Planning Department Pueblo, Colorado Prepared by: Susan Spackman Panjabi, Botanist John Sovell, Zoologist Georgia Doyle, Wetland Ecologist Denise Culver, Ecologist Lee Grunau, Conservation Planner May 2003 Colorado Natural Heritage Program Colorado State University 254 General Services Building 8002 Campus Delivery Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-8002 USER’S GUIDE The Survey of Critical Biological Resources of Pueblo County was conducted one year after the Survey of Critical Wetland and Riparian Areas in El Paso and Pueblo Counties. The projects, both conducted by the Colorado Natural Heritage Program, are two distinct projects that are highly integrated with respect to methodology and fieldwork. Both projects utilized the same Natural Heritage methodology that is used throughout the globe, and both searched for and assessed the plants, animals, and plant communities on the Colorado Natural Heritage Program’s list of rare and imperiled elements of biodiversity. Each report prioritizes potential conservation areas based on the relative significance of the biodiversity they support and the urgency for protection of the site. All information explaining Natural Heritage methodology and ranks is repeated in each report, so that each report can stand alone and be used independently of the other. This report, Survey of Critical Biological Resources of Pueblo County, presents all potential conservation areas identified in Pueblo County that support rare and imperiled plants, animals, and significant plant communities, including wetland and riparian areas.
    [Show full text]
  • Abstract Volume
    ABSTRACT VOLUME August 11-16, 2019 1 2 Table of Contents Pages Acknowledgements……………………………………………………………………………………………...1 Abstracts Symposia and Contributed talks……………………….……………………………………………3-225 Poster Presentations…………………………………………………………………………………226-291 3 Venom Evolution of West African Cone Snails (Gastropoda: Conidae) Samuel Abalde*1, Manuel J. Tenorio2, Carlos M. L. Afonso3, and Rafael Zardoya1 1Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC), Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biologia Evolutiva 2Universidad de Cadiz, Departamento CMIM y Química Inorgánica – Instituto de Biomoléculas (INBIO) 3Universidade do Algarve, Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR) Cone snails form one of the most diverse families of marine animals, including more than 900 species classified into almost ninety different (sub)genera. Conids are well known for being active predators on worms, fishes, and even other snails. Cones are venomous gastropods, meaning that they use a sophisticated cocktail of hundreds of toxins, named conotoxins, to subdue their prey. Although this venom has been studied for decades, most of the effort has been focused on Indo-Pacific species. Thus far, Atlantic species have received little attention despite recent radiations have led to a hotspot of diversity in West Africa, with high levels of endemic species. In fact, the Atlantic Chelyconus ermineus is thought to represent an adaptation to piscivory independent from the Indo-Pacific species and is, therefore, key to understanding the basis of this diet specialization. We studied the transcriptomes of the venom gland of three individuals of C. ermineus. The venom repertoire of this species included more than 300 conotoxin precursors, which could be ascribed to 33 known and 22 new (unassigned) protein superfamilies, respectively. Most abundant superfamilies were T, W, O1, M, O2, and Z, accounting for 57% of all detected diversity.
    [Show full text]