DOCSLIB.ORG

Aquatic Plants in Nature and in the Aquarium

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Aquatic Plants in Nature and in the Aquarium NUTRAFIN_Nr.1_USA 26-03-2002 13:32 Pagina 1 Aquatic News 2,50 US$/3,50 Can$/2,50 Aus$ Euro/2 £/5 #1 Issue #1 - 2002 Issue NUTRAFIN_Nr.1_USA 22-03-2002 14:54 Pagina 2 FLUORESCENT AQUARIUM BULBS BroadBroad rangerange ofof spectrumsspectrums forfor allall aquariumaquarium environmentsenvironments EffectivelyEffectively stimulatesstimulates photosyntheticphotosynthetic avtivityavtivity CompleteComplete rangerange ofof wattages,wattages, diametersdiameters andand lengthslengths RapidRapid StartStart FluorescentFluorescent BulbsBulbs REAL AQUA-GLO lighting Intensifies fish colors and promotes plant growth Effective enhancement of blue, red and orange pigments to beautify solutions for aquarium inhabitants every FLORA-GLO aquarium! Optimizes plant growth Ideal for planted aquariums and terrariums LIFE-GLO High-noon spectrum for aquariums, terrariums & vivariums With built-in reflector, which increases the intensity by 170% Emits a natural white light suitable for all aquariums, terrariums and vivariums MARINE-GLO Promotes marine reef life Very high in the blue spectrum, ideal for the promotion of photosynthesis by deep marine corals, invertebrates and lower species POWER-GLO Promotes coral, invertebrate and plant growth Ideal for marine tanks and African cichlid aquariums SUN-GLO General purpose aquarium lighting Full sun spectrum COMPATABILITY CHART FRESH WATER SALT WATER PLANTED CORALS AQUARIUMS AUQARIUMS AQUARIUMS IDEAL FOR Distributed by: U.S.A.: Rolf C. Hagen (U.S.A.) Corp., Mansfield, MA. 02048 Canada: Rolf C. Hagen Inc., Montreal, QC H4R 1E8 INVERTEBRATES TERRARIUMS VIVARIUMS U.K.: Rolf C. Hagen (U.K.) Ltd., Castleford, W. Yorkshire WF10 5QH www.hagen.com NUTRAFIN_Nr.1_USA 22-03-2002 14:54 Pagina 3 Editorial Editorial Dear Reader The “thread” running I am honoured, and not a little through each issue will, it is proud, to bring you this, hoped, guide the modern the first issue of aquarium hobby into the NUTRAFIN Aquatic News. new millennium. You may perhaps be wonder- Important themes include the ing. “Why yet another maga- ecology of animals in the wild, zine about fishes and plants, their introduction into and about the aquarium and history in our hobby, and the terrarium hobbies? And provision of suitable biotopes editions in several languages, in captivity. In addition I will at that. There are already so look back over my own many!” But just consider: experiences of the natural this project - the creation and world and share with you my production of this periodical, studies of plants and animals the selection of material to during more than 700 expedit- interest people of all ages, from ions across six continents. 6 to 120, both those who I will endeavour to share with already enjoy and those who you half a century of practical are just beginning in this, the experience, and to show you best hobby in the world - that the usual perception of is the brainchild of Contents how many (but not all) no less a personage than aquarium fishes live is quite Rolf C. Hagen. different to the reality. Rolf, like my mother and her Fishes in nature and in the aquarium 4 I will try to demonstrate how father before her, is one of the The history of the neon and cardinal tetras simple it is to maintain the in- leading lights of the modern habitants of the wonderful aquarium hobby. We have a lot Aquatic plants in nature 6 aquatic world and enjoy them in common, and for that and in the aquarium to the full, providing tips and reason alone I was attracted ideas on new equipment, foods, Cabomba species - for the neon and by the prospect of producing and medications, as well as re- something top quality and cardinal tetra aquarium viewing what is new in the timeless for millions of people. world of aquaria, terraria, and Something that would offer Aquarium technology 8 ponds. Nature has always been them all the opportunity to New methods of filtration - and still is - my best teacher. learn more about the natural And you too can learn more world, especially aquatic life- The aquarium hobby on the Internet 8 from a little piece of Nature in forms, many of which are to- your home than from any web- day seriously endangered in Do-it-yourself 9 site, TV program, or other me- their natural habitats. dia source. A living aquarium, Lighting In NUTRAFIN terrarium, or pond is a school Aquatic News (NAN), in itself, and my mission will Hagen hope to bring you an New practical products 10 always be to encourage the informative, educational, New Equipment, New Foods, Plant Food ownership of such a piece of multi-faceted, and practical Nature. Try it for yourself, it publication whose quality is New in the trade 11 will be well worth the effort. independent of price and Fishes and plants Always remember, “living advertising - there will be only water” is the most important a few informative product Biotope aquaria 12 feature of our Planet Earth. features, far fewer than in Yours aquatically, For neon & cardinal tetras other aquatic magazines. Heiko Bleher Aquarium history 13 NUTRAFIN Aquatic News Part 1 How it all began ... Scientific adviser: Dr. Jacques Géry Lithos: Fotlito ‘73, Borghetto Lod. (LO), Italy Publisher: Aquapress Layout: Rossella Bulla & Heiko Bleher Editor-in-Chief: Heiko Bleher Copy editor: Heiko Bleher Editorial address: Nutrafin Aquatic News Nutrafin news 14 Printer: Grafiche Dessí s.r.l., Italy Via G. Falcone 11, Photos: Aquapress archives 27010 Miradolo Terme (Pavia), Italy Aqua-Xpo – the world’s biggest unless otherwise stated [email protected] - www. Hagen.com NAN is printed on paper produced using Tel. +390382 754707 - Fax +390382 754129 aquarium exhibition ... chlorine-free bleach 1 NUTRAFIN Aquatic News 3 NUTRAFIN_Nr.1_USA 22-03-2002 14:54 Pagina 4 Fishes in nature and in the aquarium In 1934 the Frenchman August Rabaut, hunting for caimans and butterflies in the Amazon jungle near the Brazilian town of Tabatinga, discovered and collected a tiny fish whose coloration resem- bled the beautiful iridescent Morpho butterflies. The posterior part of its body was a bright carmine red, and the overall effect of its colours reminiscent of a neon light. Rabaut brought a few of these fishes back to France alive - one of the most noteworthy events in the history of the aquarium hobby. Washington under the name Hyphesso- with him to collect these fishes for Para- brycon innesi, thus honouring a man who mount Aquarium. Fred thought that only may have had nothing to do with the dis- Rabaut knew the original source of the The history of the neon covery of the fish, but nevertheless de- neons and was reluctant to reveal it. But in and cardinal tetras serves our thanks for his services to the Germany too the neon ”gold rush” was by Heiko Bleher aquarium hobby. afoot, and a team from Aquarium Ham- By now Rabaut was aware that he had burg, including Hans Pietch and W. Praeto- The neon tetra stumbled across something valuable, and in rius, was already on its way to Benjamin In Paris the little neon fishes created a 1936 he returned to Brazil in order to col- Constant (Tabatinga). On their journey sensation, and were soon off on their trav- lect neon tetras commercially. He took his back down the Amazon with the first large els again. They passed from the hands of haul, the first shipment of about 4000 spec- consignment of neons they stopped in J. S. Neel of the company Lepant to Mr imens, to New York. William Innes had Manaus, mooring close to Rabaut’s boat Griem of Aquarium Hamburg in Germany, recommended Fred Cochu of Paramount waiting to travel upriver. They spotted the who at that time was entertaining a guest Aquarium, and both were waiting for empty cans that were the only practicable from the USA, Fred Cochu. Fred managed Rabaut when he arrived. This represented a containers for transporting fishes in those to “scrounge” six live specimens, and took sensational story for Innes’ magazine, and days, and threw them all overboard. Aquar- them back to America on the 144th (and Cochu wanted the neons. He offered US$ ium Hamburg thus achieved a head start in last) flight of the airship Hindenburg (its 4000 for them - an incredibly large sum in the neon-collecting race. next flight ended in the catastrophe at those days. The first neons went on sale in At this time Innes and Myers cited the Lakehurst, when the Hindenburg exploded the retail trade at US$ 10 apiece, and all source of the neon tetra as “probably near and most its passengers lost their lives). were sold. It took Fred an exciting week to Iquitos”, while others said it was Tabatinga. Although Fred arrived safely, only one of get the money together to pay Rabaut on Nowadays, however, it is known that the the neons survived the trip. It was named time, and he now entered into a contract species has special biotope requirements. “Lucky Lindy”, as, The species is found like Charles Lind- primarily in Peru, in bergh, it was the first the so-called que- of its species to cross bradas, small clear- the Atlantic. water streams with a The dead neons were significant blackwa- given to the interna- ter component, tionally well-known where the pH varies publisher William T. between 5.0 and 6.0 Innes in Philadelphia, and the temperature who in turn passed between 75 and 84°F, some of them to the and the total hardness ichthyologist George is less than 1.0°dGH. S. Myers, who had Its natural distribu- studied under the fa- tion is limited to the mous Carl Eigenmann upper part of the and was already a Amazon drainage, recognised authority the lower to the mid- on fishes, amphibians, dle Ucayali, near Iq- and reptiles.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • CARDINAL TETRA, Paracheirodon Axelrodi
    CARDINAL TETRA, Paracheirodon axelrodi By Chase Klinesteker SWAM, Sept-Oct 1984 School of Cardinal Tetras DESCRIPTION The Cardinal Tetra is perhaps among the most strikingly beautiful of all freshwater aquarium fishes. The broad, brilliant red on the body goes from the eye to the tail with a neon blue stripe above it almost as long. It prefers soft, clean water on the acid side to show its best color. Maximum size is about 2 inches. The sex difference is mainly in body shape with the female being stockier and more plump in the belly. Healthy, well- fed specimens are necessary to make this determination. This fish comes from the upper Rio Negro of South America where the water is soft and dark from humic acid content. It measures 2-3 DH with a pH of 5 to 6.5. BREEDING For almost 2 years I had tried unsuccessfully to breed the cardinal tetra. Two months ago I was lucky and succeeded in spawning and raising 11 fry which are now about 3/8 inch long. The breeding tank was a 10 gallon tank containing fresh, 12 hour old dechlorinated softner tapwater at about 75 degrees. Clean plastic plants were put in the tank when set up, and excess bubbles were knocked off the plants and glass before a pair of Cardinal Tetras were introduced. As soon as any eggs were noticed, they were siphoned out, rinsed off, and placed in a quart pan of rainwater with 1 drop of methylene blue added to reduce fungus and cut down on light.
    [Show full text]
  • §4-71-6.5 LIST of CONDITIONALLY APPROVED ANIMALS November
    §4-71-6.5 LIST OF CONDITIONALLY APPROVED ANIMALS November 28, 2006 SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME INVERTEBRATES PHYLUM Annelida CLASS Oligochaeta ORDER Plesiopora FAMILY Tubificidae Tubifex (all species in genus) worm, tubifex PHYLUM Arthropoda CLASS Crustacea ORDER Anostraca FAMILY Artemiidae Artemia (all species in genus) shrimp, brine ORDER Cladocera FAMILY Daphnidae Daphnia (all species in genus) flea, water ORDER Decapoda FAMILY Atelecyclidae Erimacrus isenbeckii crab, horsehair FAMILY Cancridae Cancer antennarius crab, California rock Cancer anthonyi crab, yellowstone Cancer borealis crab, Jonah Cancer magister crab, dungeness Cancer productus crab, rock (red) FAMILY Geryonidae Geryon affinis crab, golden FAMILY Lithodidae Paralithodes camtschatica crab, Alaskan king FAMILY Majidae Chionocetes bairdi crab, snow Chionocetes opilio crab, snow 1 CONDITIONAL ANIMAL LIST §4-71-6.5 SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME Chionocetes tanneri crab, snow FAMILY Nephropidae Homarus (all species in genus) lobster, true FAMILY Palaemonidae Macrobrachium lar shrimp, freshwater Macrobrachium rosenbergi prawn, giant long-legged FAMILY Palinuridae Jasus (all species in genus) crayfish, saltwater; lobster Panulirus argus lobster, Atlantic spiny Panulirus longipes femoristriga crayfish, saltwater Panulirus pencillatus lobster, spiny FAMILY Portunidae Callinectes sapidus crab, blue Scylla serrata crab, Samoan; serrate, swimming FAMILY Raninidae Ranina ranina crab, spanner; red frog, Hawaiian CLASS Insecta ORDER Coleoptera FAMILY Tenebrionidae Tenebrio molitor mealworm,
    [Show full text]
  • Hardy Tetra Community Aquarium
    Elmer’s Aquarium Community Tank Ideas Tank Size: 10 gal or more H ardy Tetra Community Aquarium Why Keep Them? This community is our most popular community tank for beginners with tanks of 10 to 30 gallons. Tetras represent a large group of fish, and many of them make great choices for a beginner’s community tank. Many tetras are active, colorful, hardy and get along well with other tank mates. Housing: This community tank is suitable for tanks of 10 gallon and up. Filtration can include an AquaClear power filter with a supplemental air pump and sponge filter. They like to swim in the middle water layers. Provide some bushy plants (live or plastic) toward the rear of the tank, and leave the front open for swimming. Water Conditions: Temperature 74-80. pH- (6.6-7.2) Use Seachem Neutral Regulator with each partial water change. Live Plants: Live plants are highly recommended for this community, but not required. Live plants will help bring out the best coloration and behavior in these fish as well as maintain optimal tank conditions. Feeding: Feed this community two to three small feedings per day. Feed flakes, small pellets, and some assorted frozen foods such as mysis shrimp for the most nutrition. How Many? Tetras, Danios, Rasboras, Barbs, Moons and Swordtails are schooling fish and should be bought in groups of at least 3 or more. Tank Mates: Choose other fish of similar size and temperament. Our staff can help you find them in our store. Tetras: Black Skirt Tetra, White Skirt Tetra, Serpae Tetra, Glowlight Tetra, Flame Von Rio Tetra, Bleeding Heart Tetra, Pristella Tetra, Black Phantom Tetra, Red Phantom Tetra, Silver Tip Tetra, Red Eye Tetra, Gold Tetra, Diamond Tetra, Emperor Tetra, GloFish Tetra, Bloodfin Tetra, Head & Tail Light Tetra, Rasboras: Harlequin Rasbora, Brilliant Rasbora, Scissortail Rasbora.
    [Show full text]
  • A Revision of the South American Fishes of the Genus Nannostomus Giinther (Family Lebiasinidae)
    A Revision of the South American Fishes of the Genus Nannostomus Giinther (Family Lebiasinidae) STANLEY H. WEITZMAN and J. STANLEY COBB SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY • NUMBER 186 SERIAL PUBLICATIONS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION The emphasis upon publications as a means of diffusing knowledge was expressed by the first Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. In his formal plan for the Insti- tution, Joseph Henry articulated a program that included the following statement: "It is proposed to publish a series of reports, giving an account of the new discoveries in science, and of the changes made from year to year in all branches of knowledge." This keynote of basic research has been adhered to over the years in the issuance of thousands of titles in serial publications under the Smithsonian imprint, com- mencing with Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge in 1848 and continuing with the following active series: Smithsonian Annals of Flight Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology Smithsonian Contributions to Astrophysics Smithsonian Contributions to Botany Smithsonian Contributions to the Earth Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology Smithsonian Studies in History and Technology In these series, the Institution publishes original articles and monographs dealing with the research and collections of its several museums and offices and of professional colleagues at other institutions of learning. These papers report newly acquired facts, synoptic interpretations of data, or original theory in specialized fields. These pub- lications are distributed by mailing lists to libraries, laboratories, and other interested institutions and specialists throughout the world. Individual copies may be obtained from the Smithsonian Institution Press as long as stocks are available.
    [Show full text]
  • Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (2012)
    FGDC-STD-018-2012 Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard Marine and Coastal Spatial Data Subcommittee Federal Geographic Data Committee June, 2012 Federal Geographic Data Committee FGDC-STD-018-2012 Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard, June 2012 ______________________________________________________________________________________ CONTENTS PAGE 1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Objectives ................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Need ......................................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Scope ........................................................................................................................ 2 1.4 Application ............................................................................................................... 3 1.5 Relationship to Previous FGDC Standards .............................................................. 4 1.6 Development Procedures ......................................................................................... 5 1.7 Guiding Principles ................................................................................................... 7 1.7.1 Build a Scientifically Sound Ecological Classification .................................... 7 1.7.2 Meet the Needs of a Wide Range of Users ......................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Nannostomus Mortenthaleri Geschreven Door
    Nannostomus mortenthaleri Geschreven door: Gertbl 1. Inleiding 1.1 Aanleiding tot het schrijven van het artikel De Nannostomus mortenthaleri is een zeer mooie slankzalm en met dit artikel wil ik mensen meer informatie willen geven over de prachtige vis en zijn gedrag. 2. Achtergrond 2.1 Uitleg van de wetenschappelijke naam Nannostomus =nanno = small, stomus = mouth Mortenthaleri = de naam van de ontdekker Martin Mortenthaler 2.2 Beschrijver van de vis Paepke & Arendt 2001 2.3 Familie, orde en klasse Orde: Characiformes Familie: Lebiasinidae Klasse: Actinopterygii 2.4 Vindplaats Zijrivier van de Rio Nanay bij het dorp Alvarenga, Loreto en ook in de Rio Tigre vlakbij Santa Elena,Loreto in Peru. 2.5 Waterwaarden PH:4-6,5 GH:0-5 EC: <100µS Deze soort schijnt gevoelig te zijn voor hoge Nitraat waardes. 2.6 Temperatuur Temp: 22-28 graden Celsius. 2.7 Grootte Ze worden rond de 4-5cm groot. Minimaal aquarium grootte: 80cm. 2.8 Uiterlijke kenmerken Slanke en torpedovormig lichaam, hebben twee brede zwarte strepen op hun flank met daartussen een felrode kleur. 2.9 Geslachtsonderscheid Geslachtsonderscheid is bij deze vis redelijk goed te zien. De mannetjes kleuren knalrood en ook hun buik. Daarnaast heeft het mannetje een wit pigment kleur achter hun voorste streep op hun rugvin. De vrouwtjes daarin tegen hebben een witte buik en vertonen geen tot bijna geen wit pigment op hun rugvin. 2.10 Nauw verwante soorten, varianten en kruisingen Deze soort werd eerst gezien als een variant van de Nannostomus marginatus en had als naam Nannostomus marginatus mortenthaleri. Er is een soort die nauw verwant met ze is en dat is de Nannostomus rubrocaudatus.
    [Show full text]
  • Inspirational Aquariums the Art of Beautiful Fishkeeping
    Inspirational aquariums The art of beautiful fishkeeping For more information: www.tetra.net Discover the art of keeping a beautiful aquarium Fashionable fishkeeping You want your aquarium to be a source of pride and joy and a wonderful, living addition to your home. Perhaps you feel you are there already but may be looking for inspiration for new looks or improvements. Perhaps that is just a dream for now and you want to make it a reality. Either way, the advice and ideas contained in this brochure are designed to give you a helping hand in taking your aquarium to the next level. 2 3 Create a room with a view An aquarium is no longer a means of just keeping fish. With a little inspiration and imagination it can be transformed into the focal point of your living room. A beautiful living accessory which changes scenery every second and adds a stunning impression in any decor. 4 Aquarium design There are many ideas to choose lakes of the African Rift Valley; from: Plants in an aquarium are an Amazon riverbed, even a as varied as they are beautiful coral reef in your own home. and can bring a fresh dimension The choices are limitless and to aquarium decoration as well with almost any shape or size as new interest. possible. Maybe you would like to consider a more demanding fish species such as a marine aquarium, or a biotope aquarium housing fish from one of the 5 A planted aquarium What is a planted aquarium? As you can see there are some So, if you want your fish to stand stunning examples of planted out and be the main focus of aquariums and results like these attention in your aquarium, you are within your grasp if you may only want to use very few follow a few basic guidelines.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecological Principles and Function of Natural Ecosystems by Professor Michel RICARD
    Intensive Programme on Education for sustainable development in Protected Areas Amfissa, Greece, July 2014 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Ecological principles and function of natural ecosystems By Professor Michel RICARD Summary 1. Hierarchy of living world 2. What is Ecology 3. The Biosphere - Lithosphere - Hydrosphere - Atmosphere 4. What is an ecosystem - Ecozone - Biome - Ecosystem - Ecological community - Habitat/biotope - Ecotone - Niche 5. Biological classification 6. Ecosystem processes - Radiation: heat, temperature and light - Primary production - Secondary production - Food web and trophic levels - Trophic cascade and ecology flow 7. Population ecology and population dynamics 8. Disturbance and resilience - Human impacts on resilience 9. Nutrient cycle, decomposition and mineralization - Nutrient cycle - Decomposition 10. Ecological amplitude 11. Ecology, environmental influences, biological interactions 12. Biodiversity 13. Environmental degradation - Water resources degradation - Climate change - Nutrient pollution - Eutrophication - Other examples of environmental degradation M. Ricard: Summer courses, Amfissa July 2014 1 1. Hierarchy of living world The larger objective of ecology is to understand the nature of environmental influences on individual organisms, populations, communities and ultimately at the level of the biosphere. If ecologists can achieve an understanding of these relationships, they will be well placed to contribute to the development of systems by which humans
    [Show full text]
  • The Marine Life Information Network® for Britain and Ireland (Marlin)
    The Marine Life Information Network® for Britain and Ireland (MarLIN) Description, temporal variation, sensitivity and monitoring of important marine biotopes in Wales. Volume 1. Background to biotope research. Report to Cyngor Cefn Gwlad Cymru / Countryside Council for Wales Contract no. FC 73-023-255G Dr Harvey Tyler-Walters, Charlotte Marshall, & Dr Keith Hiscock With contributions from: Georgina Budd, Jacqueline Hill, Will Rayment and Angus Jackson DRAFT / FINAL REPORT January 2005 Reference: Tyler-Walters, H., Marshall, C., Hiscock, K., Hill, J.M., Budd, G.C., Rayment, W.J. & Jackson, A., 2005. Description, temporal variation, sensitivity and monitoring of important marine biotopes in Wales. Report to Cyngor Cefn Gwlad Cymru / Countryside Council for Wales from the Marine Life Information Network (MarLIN). Marine Biological Association of the UK, Plymouth. [CCW Contract no. FC 73-023-255G] Description, sensitivity and monitoring of important Welsh biotopes Background 2 Description, sensitivity and monitoring of important Welsh biotopes Background The Marine Life Information Network® for Britain and Ireland (MarLIN) Description, temporal variation, sensitivity and monitoring of important marine biotopes in Wales. Contents Executive summary ............................................................................................................................................5 Crynodeb gweithredol ........................................................................................................................................6
    [Show full text]
  • Text Transformation K Text Statistics K Parsing Documents K Information Extraction K Link Analysis
    Chapter IR:III III. Text Transformation q Text Statistics q Parsing Documents q Information Extraction q Link Analysis IR:III-25 Text Transformation © HAGEN/POTTHAST/STEIN 2018 Parsing Documents Retrieval Unit The atomic unit of retrieval of a search engine is typically a document. Relation between documents and files: q One file, one document. Examples: web page, PDF, Word file. q One file, many documents. Examples: archive files, email threads and attachments, Sammelbände. q Many files, one document. Examples: web-based slide decks, paginated web pages, e.g., forum threads. Dependent on the search domain, a retrieval unit may be defined different from what is commonly considered a document: q One document, many units. Examples: comments, reviews, discussion posts, arguments, chapters, sentences, words, etc. IR:III-26 Text Transformation © HAGEN/POTTHAST/STEIN 2018 Parsing Documents Index Term Documents and queries are preprocessed into sets of normalized index terms. Lemma- tization Stop word Index Plain text Tokenization extraction removal terms Stemming The primary goal of preprocessing is to unify the vocabularies of documents and queries. Each preprocessing step is a heuristic to increase the likelihood of semantic matches while minimizing spurious matches. A secondary goal of preprocessing is to create supplemental index terms to improve retrieval performance, e.g., for documents that do not posses many of their own. IR:III-27 Text Transformation © HAGEN/POTTHAST/STEIN 2018 Parsing Documents Document Structure and Markup The most common document format for web search engines is HTML. Non-HTML documents are converted to HTML documents for a unified processing pipeline. Index terms are obtained from URLs and HTML markup.
    [Show full text]
  • Information Sheet on Ramsar Wetlands (RIS) – 2009-2012 Version Available for Download From
    Information Sheet on Ramsar Wetlands (RIS) – 2009-2012 version Available for download from http://www.ramsar.org/ris/key_ris_index.htm. Categories approved by Recommendation 4.7 (1990), as amended by Resolution VIII.13 of the 8th Conference of the Contracting Parties (2002) and Resolutions IX.1 Annex B, IX.6, IX.21 and IX. 22 of the 9th Conference of the Contracting Parties (2005). Notes for compilers: 1. The RIS should be completed in accordance with the attached Explanatory Notes and Guidelines for completing the Information Sheet on Ramsar Wetlands. Compilers are strongly advised to read this guidance before filling in the RIS. 2. Further information and guidance in support of Ramsar site designations are provided in the Strategic Framework and guidelines for the future development of the List of Wetlands of International Importance (Ramsar Wise Use Handbook 14, 3rd edition). A 4th edition of the Handbook is in preparation and will be available in 2009. 3. Once completed, the RIS (and accompanying map(s)) should be submitted to the Ramsar Secretariat. Compilers should provide an electronic (MS Word) copy of the RIS and, where possible, digital copies of all maps. 1. Name and address of the compiler of this form: FOR OFFICE USE ONLY. DD MM YY Beatriz de Aquino Ribeiro - Bióloga - Analista Ambiental / [email protected], (95) Designation date Site Reference Number 99136-0940. Antonio Lisboa - Geógrafo - MSc. Biogeografia - Analista Ambiental / [email protected], (95) 99137-1192. Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade - ICMBio Rua Alfredo Cruz, 283, Centro, Boa Vista -RR. CEP: 69.301-140 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Oogenesis of the Cardinal Tetra Paracheirodon Axelrodi Schultz (1956): a Histological and Histochemical Study
    Oogenesis of the cardinal tetra Paracheirodon axelrodi Schultz (1956): a histological and histochemical study Brito, MFG.1* and Bazzoli, N.2 1Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe – UFS, Cidade Universitária Prof. José Aloísio de Campos, Av. Marechal Rondon s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, CEP 49100-000, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil 2Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais – PUC Minas, Av. Dom José Gaspar 500, Coração Eucarístico, Prédio 41, CEP 30535-610, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil *E-mail: [email protected] Abstract A histological and histochemical study of Paracheirodon axelrodi oogenesis was conducted. Four types of oocytes were determined, presenting a thin zona pellucida and squamous follicle cells in all developmental stages. The yolk globules in vitellogenic oocytes are spherical and the micropyle possessed an ample vestibule and short micropylar canal. Atresic follicles were frequent, since ovulation did not occur. The histochemical reactions demonstrated the presence of neutral glycoproteins in the zona pellucida and follicle cells; glycopro- teins and lipids in the yolk globules and carboxylated acid glycoconjugates in the cortical alveoli. The knowl- edge of the reproductive parameters becomes an important tool in captivity breeding programs, reducing the fishing effort on the native stock. Keywords: Paracheirodon axelrodi, reproduction, oocyte, follicle atresia. 1 Introduction Capture of small-sized ornamental fishes captured in the P. axelrodi are still unknown (HARRIS and PETRY, 2001). Negro River and tributaries present a great value in the na- Such information that can aid culturing techniques of this spe- tional and international trade markets. Approximately 70% cies on a larger scale is extremely necessary, thereby reducing of the fish exported from the Amazon State comes from the fishing pressures on native stocks.
    [Show full text]