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The Importance of Protecting the Natural Environment Are Emphasized. Methods Of

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The Importance of Protecting the Natural Environment Are Emphasized. Methods Of DOCUMIIN? flaSUMII ED 032 148' RC 002 884 Outdoor Recreation. Community Action Cuide forPublic Officials: (1) Planning, (2) Legal Aspects, (3) Organization, (4) Staffing and Consultants, (5) Areawide andMultigovernmental Opportunities, (6) Financing, (7) Technical and Financial Assistance, (8) Land Acquisition, (9) WaterBased Recreation, (10) Citizen Support Department of the Interior, WothifigiVni, D.C. Bureau of OutdoorRecreation.; Nati..,AW. Association Af eAunties: Washington, D.C. Research Foundation. Pub Date (681 Note -203p. EDRS Price MF -51.00 HC -S1025 Descriptors -*Action Programs (Community), CitizenParticipation, Community Resources. *Guidelines, Land Use Leisure Time. *Natural Resources, Parks,Planning, Playgrounds, Program Development. Public Officiall, *Recreation, Recreational Facilities, *Recreation Finances, WaterResources A series of 10 Community Action Guides wasdeveloped to assist public officials and community leaders in establishingcomprehensive outdoor recreation programs. The importance of providing parks and recreationfacilities in metropolitan areas and the importance of protecting the natural environment areemphasized. Methods of organization. financing, planning.purchasing land, and related functions areincluded. Information was obtained from interviews withofficials in more than 60 communities where successful programs are in operation.A selected bibliography is included. (.1I-I) V It " U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION & WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION C\di 14-"N THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRODUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVEDFROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGINATING IT.POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICE OFEDUCATION POSITION OR POLICY. Community Action Guide for Public Officials Outdoor Recreation 1PLANNING .-"044% THIS is one in a series of ten Community Action Guides designed to provide local elected and ap- pointed policy-making officials and other community leaders with guidelines for establishing a comprehen- sive outdoor recreation program. Our objective is to present in concise, non-technical form material that can be used by public officials who make the basic policy decision of how much money will be spent on recreation facilities and where parks will be located. We attempt to point out the import- ance of furnishing opportunities for outdoor recre- ation and to suggest methods of organizing a park and recreation department, developing an outdoor rec- reation plan, purchasing land, and performing related functions. The guides should be useful to administra- tors, park and recreation directors, county attorneys, planners, public works directors, and others who must deal with selected aspects of the total program. Com- munity groups should also find them helpful. Our information was obtained from first-hand inter- views with officials in over 60 communities with suc- cessful programs. We attempt to pass on to like- minded officials the collective experience of these practical, action-oriented officials and civic leaders. To give community leaders an opportunity to study these guides and discuss the ways in which they can be used most effectively, we will hold thirty Outdoor Recreation Institutes throughout the nation in the next two years. We cannot afford to abuse our natural environment, scar our scenic wonders, and destroy our historic sites. Densely populated metropolitan areas should not be devoid of open spaces and parks.If all Americans are to enjoy their precious heritage, every community must initiate a park and recreation program. Bernard F. Hillenbrand Executive Director National Association of Counties Research Foundation Developed in cooperation with the Bureau of Outdoor Recreation, U.S. Department of the Interior a- v.. edicated to Our First Lady, Mrs. Lyndon B. Johnson, in recognition of her dynamic leadership and enduring contributions to the outdoor beautification of our country edicated to Our First Lady, Mrs. Lyndon B. Johnson, in recognition of her dynamic leadership and enduring contributions to the outdoor beautification of our country Community Action Guides for Outdoor Recreation 1 PLANNING The Park and Recreation Plan Who Draws Up the Plan? The Planning Process Data Collection and Analysis Inventory of Parks Current and Future Needs Implementing the Plan Capital Budgeting Necessary Action Plan alk Photo credits: Plan, Milwaukee County Park Commis- sion;children, Soil Conservation Service (USDA); swimming, St. Louis County Recreation Department; cannon, Kenneth R. MacDonald. Cover photos: Slide, Kenneth R. MacDonald; horses, Hamilton County, Ohio, Park District; city marina, Bureau of Outdoor Recreation; ski-tow, U.S. Forest Service; checkers, Miami-Metro News Bureau. COMMUNITY PARK PARKWAY e NEIGHBORHOO PARK NEIGHBORHOOD METROPOLITAN PARK PARK PLAYGROUND PARKWAY REGIONAL PARK Planning "health, safety, and welfare" of the citizenry have MORE Americans spend more hours engaging been providing parks for a long time, furnishing in recreation activities outdoors than ever be- them on an extensive basis is a twentieth century fore, and the demand for leisure-time facilities phenomenon. Now citizens are demanding that is soaring.Participation in outdoor recreation is local governments buy and develop parks and measured by the Bureau of Outdoor Recreation protect open spaces from encroachment of resi- of the Department of the Interior in "recreation dential, commercial, and industrial uses. occasions"the number of days participants en- Public officials must act quickly. In some areas, gage in outdoor recreation activities.In the three open space requirements may never be met be- summer months of 1960, Americans participated cause the land has already been converted to in 4,282,000 outdoor recreation occasions.By other uses.In other areas, time is running short. 1965 this number had jumped to 6,476,000, and If future generations are to experience the re- by the year 2000 the number of occasions is ex- freshing joy of the natural environment, open pected to be four times greater than in 1960. space action must begin immediately.Public Americans engage in a variety of leisure pur- officials should develop a comprehensive plan suits, from bicycling to attending outdoor con- for total community growth, including a section certs.The majorityprefer such spontaneous on the park and recreation needs of the com- activities as walking, swimming, driving for pleas- munity and methods of satisfying these needs. ure, and playing outdoor games or sports to those They should obtain legal authority to carry out a activities which require long-range preparation park and recreation program and to preserve and substantial capital outlay by the participant. open spaces; establish a park and recreation This phenomenal rise in recreation demand is agency and devote a fair share of general funds primarily the result of an expanding, affluent to financing its activities; purchase and develop society. Today there are more Americans, living park sites and operate recreation programs; en- in a smaller area, working fewer hours but re- list citizen support by appointing advisory com- ceiving higher incomes than ever before. More mittees and asking civic groups to help develop than 70 per cent of the nation's inhabitants are parks; cooperate and coordinate their activities residents of metropolitan areas, and the trend with those o' adjacent jurisdictions; and, if neces- toward urbanization is continuing. sary,call on other governmental and private As metropolitan areas expand and interest in agencies for technical and financial assistance. recreation grows, a premium is placed on open spaces, those green areas devoid of intensive resi- dential, industrial, and commercial development. The Park and Recreation Plan Open areas in and around urban centers relieve the monotony of buildings and help create a ONE OF the first steps toward achievement of more pleasing "recreational" environment.Al- an adequate park systemisthe development though they may be used as cemeteries, historical of a park and recreation plan which establishes sites, and watersheds as well as parks, open space priorities for the acquisition of park areas based is considered a recreation resource. on existing and projected needs, and the initiation The rapidly increasing demand for outdoor of a land acquir.!ion program.If choice sites are recreation facilities and open space challenges available in areas obviously needing parks, offi- localgovernments.Althoughpublicofficials cials should acquire them without delay before charged with the responsibility of protecting the the plan has been completed. LONKT IC IR, PCYXr8GROITIC I JH ra.,,...pav a , V P.M I iNY ,.....iit prohibited.However, such areas can support 110111.17' sometypesofrecreationequipment sturdy 110111k ""''''.." ar"..tvAtt,,,: enough to withstand occasional flooding. The coxv- NRvo=0 marshes on some flood plains offer opportunities for nature study and hunting. Thus, recreation, beautification, urban planning, and conservation 0 demands can be met simultaneously bypreserv- ing open space. The term "open space" is de- fined in the Housing Act of 1961as "any unde- veloped or predominately undeveloped land in an urban area which has value for (a) park and recreation purposes, (b) conservation of land and These comprehensive plans were all undertaken with assist- other natural resources, or (c) historicor scenic ance from the Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, grant-in-aid purposes." The value of open space is recognized program to jurisdictions
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