INDEX

A Ageratum sp., 257 Agistemus denotetus, 170 Aacrostichus sp., 276 Agistemus lasioseius, 253, 279 Abelmosc;hus esclllentus, 62 Agistemus sp., 169, 175 Acacia arabica, 96 Agnaspis daci, 7 Acacia concinna, 96 Agrius convolvuli, 334 Acacia nilotica, 96 Agroecosystem, 237,238 Acaciasp., 102,193 Agromyzafrontella sp., 145 Acaphyllatheae, 168, 169, 170 Agrotis ipsilon ,24, 44 216 Acarus sp., 169 Agrotis segetum, 42, 43 A ceria gllerreronis, 262,279 Agrypnus sp., 242, 263 Acerophaglls notativentris, 352 Agrypon nox, 323 Achaeajanata, 24, 44, 350 Agrypon sp., 392 Achrysocharis /eptoceros, 245 Agyrophy/ax negrotibia/is, 117 Acinetohacter calcoaceticus, 267 Akanthomyces sp., 40 Acigona stenie/lus, 193, 197.20 1,202 A/caeorrhynchus grandis, 253 Acontia grael/sii, 24, 44 Alcterogystia cadambae, 79 A COrllS calamus, 100 Aleurocanthus spin{!erus, 168 A aida eXlIltata , 216 A/eurocanthus woglumi, 349 Acridotheres ginginianus, 325,327 Aleurodicus disperus, 353 Acridotheres tristis. 334 Aleurolobus barodensis, 184, 189 Acrostalagmus sp., 40 Aleurolobus sp., 182 Acyrthosiphol1 kondoi, 58, 61,65 Allelochemical, 13, 17,380,382 Acyrthosiphon pisum. 43.58,61.65 Allium cepa, 96 Adathoda vasica, 100 Allium sativum, 96 Adathoda sp .. 105 Allobacha nubilipennis, 167 Ade/encyrtus mayurai, 207 Allomones, 382 Ade/encyrtus sp., 349 Allorhogos pyralophagus, 123 Adisura atkinsoni, 373 Allotropa citri, 346,353 A dis lira conferta, 6 Allotropa sp., 359 Adjuvant, 151 Alloxysta pleuralis, 64 Adoryphorus couloni, 43, 49 Aloe vera, 96 Adoxophyes privatana, 174 Alphitobius piceus, 216 Adoxophyes sp., 162, 164 A/ternanthera triandra, 256 A egertia webberi, 168, 172 Alternaria tenuis, 41 Aegerlla sp., 40, 168, 174 Amaranthus spinosus, 256 Aegle marn1elos, 96, 100 Amathusia phidippus, 254 Ae/othrips co/laris, 372 Amblyseius coccosocus, 170 A enos ills advena, 353 AmblY.l'eius cucumeris, 372, 376 Aeolesthes holosericea. 385 Amb/yseius de/eoni, 169 Agave americana, 96 Amb/yseius eharai, 170 Agavasp., 103. 104, 105 Amb/yseius giganticus, 169 Ageniaspis sp., 350 Amblyseius herbicolus, 170 Ageratum conyzoides, 96, 256. 257 Amblyseius /argoensis, 170, 175 Ageratum mexicanum. 257 Amblyseius Iiturivorus, 170

401 Amblyseills 10ngispinoslIs, 170, 175 Annona squamosa, 96, 100 Amblyseills mcken:::i, 372, 376 Antheraea mylitta, 379, 380,382 Amblyseius /J1omllslrv, 170 A nlheraea perniyi, 193 Al11blvseius ovalis, 170, 175 Antheraea polyphemus, 76 AII1h1yse/Us paracerialis, 279 Anlhocoris phaesopilus, 269, 295 Al1lhlyseills prllni. 170 Antibiosis, 15,19,68, 149 Amblyseills rhabdus, 169 Antibiotic, 151 Amblyseills spinosus, 170 Antiearsia gemmalalis, 25, 27 Amblyseills telranychivorus, 374 Antigonon leploplls, 257 Amblvseius sp., 169,356,374 Antislropholex spp., 325 Ami/us alellrolobi, 221 Antixenotic, 151 Amitus hesperidllll1, 349 Anlrocephalus cariniceps, 268, 294 Amphiareus constsiclus, 120 Anlroeephalus hakonensis 242,243,245,255,268, 269,270, Amphorophora rllbi, 58 294,296 Amorphophallus campamlatlls, 96 Antrocephalus pandens, 6 Amrasca higullula bigullula, 371 Anlrocephalus renelis, 268, 294 Al11rascajlavescens, 171 Anyslis waba, 168 AlI1rilodes atkinsoni, 354 Aonidiella auranlii, 4, 164, 166,204,347 Amsacla albislriga, 8, 107 Aonidiella eilrina, 348 AlI1sacla moorei, 24, 44 Aonidiella orientalis, 252, 278,360 Anahasis aphylla, 96, 99 Apanleles adoxophyesi, 164 Anobus lesludineus, 120 Apanteles aJi'ieanus, 218, 219,223,227 Anocardiull1 occidenlale, 97 Apanteles aillella, 255 Anadevidia peponis, 244, 270.273.296,299 Apanteles angaleti, 117 Anadevidio sp., 272, 276 Apanleles angustibasis, 117 Anagyrus coccidivorus, 356 Apanteles arislaeus, 162, 163 Anagyrus daelylopii, 346,351 Apanteles benefieus, 223 Anagyrus epos, 352 Apenteles eongregalus, 15 Anagyrlls indicus, 359 Apanteles creatonoti, 360 A nagyrus kall1ali, 351 Apanteles cypris, 118, I 19 Anagyrus optabilis, 121 Apanteles di/a, 352 Anagyrus pselldococci, 346, 351,354 Apanteles erionotae, 357 Anagyrlls sawadai, 346 Apantelesjlavipes, 3, 116, 118 Anagyrus sp .. 3, 120, 166,358,359 Apanteles glomerutus, 245 Anall1illa cocculus, 96 Apanteles harrisinae, 352 Anorsia lineatello. 76 Apanteles l1laehaeralis, 372 Anoslaloidea brocharlonae, 268, 294 Apanteles metesae, 255 Anaslalus koshl11irensis, 358 Apanteles obliquae, 358 Anoslallls 1I10dugascariensis. 6 Apanteles opacus, 118 Anuslollls ral11okrishnoe, 6 Apanteles pailidicolae, 372 Anuslalus lemllj)!!s, 6 Apanteles papilionis, 350 AnaslalllS 1I111ae, 6 Apanteles parasae, 163 Anatrichus sp., 118 Apanteles ruficrus, 118,219 Anaxipha longipensis, 119 Apanteles ruidus, 372 Aneognatha searabaeeide,43 Apanteles syleplae, 117 Andraea bipunelala, 161, 162, 163, 173 Apanteles laprobanae, 161, 162, 163, 164 Anerisllls ceroplastae, 166,347,355 Apanleles taragamae, 242,245,263,268,271,275, Aneristus sp., 352 289,301 Anelhull1 sowo, 102 Apanteles vitripennis, 358, 392 Angitia eerophaga, 369 Apantelessp., 24, 29, 118, 162, 163, 164, 170, 173,245,253, Angilia sp., 162, 163,265,291 254,255,332,350,373,392 Anicelus ceylonensis, 166,266,292,353,359 Apertochrysa crassinervis, 225 Anisochrysa boninensis , 220 Apertoehrysa sp., 221 Anisoplia allslriaca, 47 Aphadrus rujipes, 253 Anisopliae,247 Aphanogmus hakonensis, 255, 256, 273 Anisopteromalus calandrae, 6, 218 Aphanogmus manilae, 114,273 Ank]'lopII!lTX OClopulJI.:lata oclopunclala, 251, 277 Aphelinus wychi, 309 Annona reliculala, 97 Aphelinus/uscipennis, 349

402 Aphelinus gossypii, 63, 358 Ascogaster reticulata, 162 Aphelinus mali, 4, 61,65 Ascosphaera sp., 40 Aphe/inus varipes, 309 Askylopteryx octopunctata, 251,277 Aphelinus sp., 165,220,222,358,372 Asoka indica, 101 Aphidius colemani, 61,65,357 Aspergillus eandidus, 242, 243, 249 Aphidius eadigi, 61, 65 Aspergillus/lavus, 41,243,248,249,252,275,278 Aphidius ervi, 61,65 Aspergillus terreus, 93 Aphidius matricariae, 14,65.66.67,165 Aspergillus sp., 40, 41, 165,242,249 Aphidius salicis. 373 Asphondy/ia sesami, 7 Aphidius smithi, 61,65,66 Asphondylia sp., 371 Aphidills lI:::hekistanicus, 67 Aspidiotiphagus eitrinlls, 165, 166 Aphidius sp., 65, 66, 358, 372 Aspidiotiphagus sp., 166 Aphis craccivora, 17,42,61,63,65, 165,360 AspidioM' destructor, 236, 240, 252, 262, 278,355 Aphis citirieola, 65 Aspiditiphaglls sp., 164 Aphis{abae, 58 Assay, 206 Aphis gossypii, 42, 47, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65,352,371 Astinus nebulo, 255 Aphis he/ianthi, 58 Asympiesiella india, 163 Aphis mellifera, 76 Asympiesiella sp., 162 Aphis nasturtii, 58 Athalia lligens proxima, 373 Aphispomi, 58, 65 Atherigona orientalis, 163, 164 Aphis punicae, 358 Atherigona soeeata, 308 Aphodius tasmaniae, 43 Attagenus megatoma, 77 Aphterencyrtus microphagus, 166 Attagenusfasciatus,216 Aphytis chrysompha/i, 164,348,355 Attevafabrieiella,42 Aphytis holoxanthus, 348 Attractants, 82, 187 Aphytis lepidosaphes, 348 Attractodes sp., 323 Aphytis melinus, 4, 347,348,355 Augmentation, 123, 125, 152, 160, 165,380,384 Aphylis lheae, 165, 166 Alilacaspis tegalensis, 204 Aphytis sp, 165, 166, 167,240.248,249,348,349,352,360 Aulacaspis tliberclilaris, 355 Apneumones, 382 Alilosaphes psychidivorus, 255 Appressoria, 40 Alilosaphes sp., 114, 118, 119 Aproaerema modicella, 76, 77, 79 Austracris gllttulosa, 43 Aprostocetus purpureus, 359 Alitomeris sp., 253, 254 Apsectus indus, 169 Autoplectrlls taprobanae, 163, 164 Apsylla cistellata, 355 Axonopus compressus, 256 Aptesis sp., 162 Azadirachta indica, 6, 96, 99, 226 Apyralophagus sp., 125 Azotlls sp., 349 Arachis hypogaea, 97 Araneus mitijica, 169 B Araneus sinhgadensip, 355 Bacca plilcherrima, 355 Aratheresia c/aripalpis, 200 Baccha sp. , 220 Archenomlls hicolor, 165, 166 BaccillliS thuringiensis, 153, 174, 176,230,246,247,249, Areca catechu, 97 275,287,309,321,330,332,350,370,392,393,397,398 Argemone mexicana, 97, 100 Bacillus thuringicnisis val' aizawai, 226 Argiope catenulata, 104, I 18 Bacillus thuringiensis var.fllnitimlls, 161 Argiope minuta, 89 Bacillus thuringiensis var. krustaki, 161,226,350 Argiope plilchella, 169 Bacillus thuringiensis var. thllringiensis, 161,226 Argyropphylaxfi'asseni, 118 Bactericide, 249 Artemesia ahsinthium, 96. 100 Baetrocera dorsalis, 351, 354 Arrhenophaglls ehionaspidis, 165, 166,238,349 Baculovirus, 174,238,240" 244, 245, 251, 252,253,264, Arisitolochia hraeteolata, 96 266,268,279,371 Artoearplls heterophyills, 96 Baltimore recta, 256 Arlona catoxantha, 264 Banchopsis rujicornis, 323 Asajoetide sp., 103, 105 Barachyeria lasus, 254 Asareina aegrota, 167 Barceratina sp., 254 Aschersonia aleyrodis, 48, 94 Barichneumon sp., 323 Aschersonia sp.,40, 165 Baseleptafulvicorne. 389, 390,392, 393,394 Ascogaster quadridentata, 373 Bassia latifolia, 96

403 Batesia sp., 162 Borreria lati/o/ia, 256 Batocera rujomaculata, 79 Borreria sp., 256 Bdella indicata, 253, 279 Bothriophyrne sp., 240 Beaueveria bassiana, 31,32,41,42,47,48,49,50,92,94, Bothynoderes punctiventris, 47 119,121,172, 173,207,208,248,249,309,330,334,392,393, Botrytis bronquiartii, 207 394,398 Brachartona catoxantha, 268, 294 Baeuveria brongniortii, 41, 42 Brachiaria mutica, 256 Baeuveria tenella, 44 Brachycaudus helichrysi, 58 Baeuveria velatia, 42, 43 Brachygramrate aligarhensis, 4 Baeuveria tenella, 48 Brachygrammatella /ongiciavata, 4 Beauveria sp., 30,40,42,49,90,207,242,249 Brachymeria atteviae, 5,244,269,270295,350,357 Bemisia argentijoli, 42 Brachymeria euploeae, 5, 254 Bemisia tabaci, 217,218,221,222 Brachymeriaexcerinata, 114, 118,269,295 Bessaremota, 273,275,289,290,299,301 BrachYl11eria ghani, 253 Betasyrphus aegrota, 167 Brachymeria himeattevae, 269, 295 Betasyrphus serarills, 167 Brachymeria las us, 5, 118,219,244,269,270,295,355, Belhyilis dislingma. 163 380,385 Bianor angu/osus, 89 BrachYl11eria 11Iglibris, 253 Bianor hOlingchiehi, 89 Brachymeria megaspila, 238, 270, 296 Bianor sp., 89 Brachymeria nephantidis, 5, 243, 269,270,296 Bidens alba, 150 Brachymeria nosatoi, 5, 242, 243,268,269,270,275,296, Bignonia suareo/eus, 102 301 Bioagent, 19, 149, 150, 152, 208, 226,232, 235,239, Brachymeria obseurata, 117 241,252,253,261,265,267,278,279,313,321,350,375,390, Brachymeria podagrica, 271,297 391,392,393,394,395,396,397,398 Brachymeria responsator, 323 Bioassay, 26, 27, 28, 29, 32,174,239,252,265,393,396,398 Brachymeriasp., 5,118,247,253,269,270,271,273,274, Biocides, 208 295,296,297,300 Biocontrol,43,45,47,51,59,60, 75,86,121,125,145,149, Bracon adoxophyesi, 164 150,151,152,153,159,160,168,170,171, 172, 173, 176, 185, Bracon brevicornis, 3, 247,261,263,264,275,287,289, 190,224,228,230248,249,250,252,253,254,257,261,275, 290,30 1,373 279,280,287,301,334,361,368,393,395,397,398 Bracon chinensis, 3, 116 Biodiversity, 88, 313 Braconfletcheri, 163,325 Bioecology, 176, 191, 195, 199,202,204 Bracon gelechiae, 117 Biological control, 1,2,3,4,5.6,8,9, 13 15, 18, 19,23,39, Bracon greeni, 3, 355 41. 48, 50, 59, 60. 61,62,63,64,65.66,67.68,81. 87. 95, 10 I, Bracon hispae, 121 109,113.114,123.124,125,139,145.149,150,151. 152, 154, Bracon hebetor, 3, 118, 122, 162, 163,242,243,263,265, 159,160,161,170,189,190,196,200,218,221,223,224,225, 268,269,289,291,370 226,231,235,237,238,239,249,250,251,260,261,262,263, Braconsp., 114,110,162,163,164,221,297,325 265,266,274,275,286,288,289,292,300,301,321,341,347, nigra, 97 355,361,369,374,379,380,381,383,384 Brassolis sp., 253 Biomass, 130,208 Bregmatothrips ramakrishnae, 184 Biopesticeds, 87, 89, 94, 95, 99, 100, 185,226,247,250,252 Brevicoryne brassicae, 58, 68 Biosphere, 252 Brevipalplls cali/ornicus, 169 Biosuppression, 227, 243 Brevipalpus phoenicis, 169, 175 Biotic, 123, 125, 160, 158, 171, 189,215,217,232,236,266, Brumus suturalis, 120,220,349,353 292,322,333,385 Brynchochrys sce/estes, 354, 372 Biotypes, 108, 136, 139 Bryotopha simi/is, 76 Birthal11ula chara, 251,254, 255 Buchananiella sodalis, 287 Bissetia stemellea, 184 Bulbu/cus ibis, 325 Blaeidobius kamerunicus, 238 Buteafrondosa, 101 Blastospores, 30, 31,49 Butea monosperma, 97 Blastothrix sp .. 166 Buysmania axymora, 254 Blepharipa zebina, 380, 381. 382, 383 Buzura suppressaria, 161, 163, 172, 173 B/epyrus inslilaris, 353 Byttneria acu/eata, 256 B/issus leucoptreus, 47 Bocantheconajurcellata, 246 c Bombyx mori, 6, 76, 182 Borreria coomoides, 256 Cacoxenus perspicax, 354

404 Caesalpinia pulcherrima, 96 Catag/ypsis bic%r, 324 Cagan us cajan, 17,62 Catamiarlls brevipennis, 324 Ca/carus carinatus, 167 Calharloides sp., 355 Calle ida sp/endidu/a, 273, 274, 275, 288 Cavariella aegopedii, 373 Call1merus areu{er, 256 Cave/erills sweeti, 208 Callimerus sp., 253 Cedria anoma/a, 118 Callitrichiajormosana, 117, 120 Cedria paradoxa, 3 Callislephus chinensis, 97 Celophora sp., 169 Callosobruchus cinesis, 97 Cellitrichia{ormosana, I 17 Callosobruchus maculatus, 97 Centhotheea lappacea, 256 Callosobruchlls pheseoli, 97 Centrosema pllbescens, 256 Caloneclria sp., 40 Cepha/eta brunnieventris, 353, 359 Calophyllum inophyllum, 96 Cepha/ela purpureiventris. 164 Ca/oplila theivora, 162, 163 Cephalosporium sp.,40, 168 Ca/otropis gigantea, 97, 100, 101 Cerace tetraonis, 161, 162, 164 Calotropis sp., 100, 102, 103, 104, 105 Ceranislls brlli, 372,376 Ca/timer usarcufer, 246 Ceranislls sp., 372 Camellia sinensis, 159 Ceratitis capitata, 8, 80 Camellia.w, 165 Ceratitis sp., 79 Campoletis ch/orideae, 18, 218,221,222,323,333.369 Ceratovacllna /anif',era, 58 Campo/elisjlavisincta, 368 Cerop/astes cerifera, 165 Call/poletis sonoremis, 17,225 Cerop/astes sp., 240 Call/po/elis sp., 24, 221,323 Chaetexorislajavana, 163, 164,245,255 Call/ponoplex hOll/onae, 164 Cha/cocelis a/bigullatus, 255 Call/ponolus nawai, 118 Chamaesyce hirta, 256 Call/pono/us serieells, 324 Champs sp., 254 Call/pon/us sp .. 120,354 Channa punctalus, 120 Campop/ex haywardi, 2 Charops obI usa, 219, 360 Campsomeriel/a collaris, 263, 276 Charops sp., 162, 163 Campy/oneurlls mutator. 371 Charloeerlls walkeri, 64 Canna indica, 97 Charlocerlls sp., 355 Canna orienlalis, 97 Cheiracanthium dania/i, 220 Cannabis sa/iva. 96 Cheiraeanlhium melanosloma, 274 Cannabis sp., 105 Cheiracanthillm sp., 273, 274,280,288,289 Cannibalism, 246 Chelisoches mori, 242, 263, 276, 277 Cantheeona /i/reellala, 246, 255. 324, 356, 380 Che/onus b/ackburni, 334, 371 Canlheconidea gaug/eri, 255 Chelonus carbonalor, 219 Capsicum/i-ulescus, 62, 97 Che/onus/ormosanlls, 219 Candia guava, 164 Che/onus heliopae, 217, 222, 224 Ca/'(;elia iI/ola, 18,222 Che/onus mllnakalae, 116 Carcelia sp., 12 I. 323, 333,238 Che/onus strialigenas, 356 Cardiase/hus a/finis, 287 Che/onus sp., 232, 373 Cardias/ethus exigulls, 287, 30 I Cheromallia apicala, 163 Cardias/ethus sp., 273, 274,261,287 Cheylilus erudi/icus, 218 Cardiochilisjil/vous, 352 Chilo auricilius, 77, 183, 191, 194, 197, 198, 199,20 1,202, Cardioehilisphilippensis, 114, 117, 118 207,208 Carica pappaya, 97 Chilo excerplalis, 191 Carthamus /ine/orills, 97 Chi/oinjuscalelllls, 8,79, 182,183,184,186,187,190,191, Carva/hoia areeae, 242 193,194,197,198,199,200,201,202,206 Casinaria sp., 253, 256 Chilo partellus, 77, 123, 191,202,308,309 Casnoidea inlerstilia/is, 118 Chi/a po~ychryslls, 136 Cassia cabanensis, 257 Chilo sacchariphagus-indiclls, 4, 183, 184, 190, 191, 194, Cassia/istu/a, 97 197,198,199,200,201,202,206 Cassia occiden/alis, 97, 100 Chilo sllppressalis, 42, I 17 Cassia sp., 344 Chilo lurmidicoslalis, 197, 198 Casllarina eqllisetijiJIia, 6 Chilosp., 182, 191,196,201 sp., 97 Casuarina Chilocorlls cacli, 203, 204 ('asllmatrel1sis sp., 164 Chilocorus circllmdallls, 163, 164, 165

405 Chi/acarus coelosimi/is, 240 Cirrospilus quadristriatus, 356 Chi/acarus nigrita, 347, 352,355 Cirrospilus variegatus, 146. 153 Chi/acarus nigritus, 165, 166,203,204,240,252,278,347, Cirrospilus villalus, 146, 148 348,352,353,359 Cisoberoptus kenyae, 356 Chilomenus sexmaculata, 344 Cissus quadrangulaus, 97 Chlarnius sp., 118 aurantifolia, 97, 349 Chlorocryptus coerulens, 246 Citrus grandis, 348 Chlorocryptus purpuraius, 254 Citrus medica, 349 Chlorocryptus sp., 257 Citrus paradisi, 100 Chloropulvinaria/occitera, 163 Cladosporium sp., 40, 92, 93 Chloroplilvinaria po~ygonata, 354 Clarias batrachus, 120 Chloroplilvinaria psidii. 352. 357 Clavigralla gibbosa, 322 Choetopsila elegans, 6 Cleome ciliata, 256 Christoneurafitmi/,erana, 46 Cleosoma octomaculatum, 170 Chromaphisjuglandicola, 58, 61,65 Clerodendron infortunatum, 97 Chromatomyia/uscula, 145 Clerodendron multiflorum, 97 Chromatomyia horticola, 147 Closterocerus africanus, 245 Chromatomyia syagenesiae, 147 Closterocerus cinctipennis, 146 Chromatomyia sp., 147 Closterocerus sp., 146 Chrysanthemum carreum, 99 Clubiona corrugata, 168 Chrysanthemum cinarariae/olium, 99 Clubiona japonica, 168 Chrysanthemum coronarium, 97 Clubiona sp., 118,220,324 Chrysanthemum roseum, 99 Cnaphalocrocismedinalis, 7,42,46, 79, 92,108,114,115, Chrysanthemum sp., 150 117,118,119,124 Chrysocharis ainsliei, 152 Coccidohystrix insolita, 371 Chrysocharis/ormosa, 146 Coccidoxenoidesperegrinus, 345, 357, 358. 359 Chrysocharis majoriana, 146 Coccinella arcuata, 120,220 Chrysocharis oscinidis. 146. 148 Coccinellarepanda, 165,371 Chrysocharisparksi.146.147, 148, 149, 151.152,369 Coccinella septempunctata, 14, 165, 166,221,344 Chlysocharis pentheus, 146, 148 Coccinella transversalis, 14,220 Chrysocaris perpureous, 6 Coccinella transversoguttata, 14 Chrysocharis phytomy::ae, 148 Coccinella sp., 24, 29 Chrysocharis pubicornis, 148 Coccophagus aenthosceales, 164 Chrysocharis sinslici, 146, 147 Coccophagus cowperii, 352 Chrysocharis sp., 146, 147, 148, 154 CoccophagusfZavescens, 164 Chrysomphalus aonidium, 164, 166 Coccophagus gurneyi, 346 Chrysomphalus dictyospermi, 348 Coccus hesperidum, 278, 348 Chrysomphalusficus, 348 Coccus viridis, 45, 165, 166, 170,347 Chrysomphalus sp., 165 Cocobius reticulatus, 278 Chrysonotomyia okazakii, 146 Cocos nuc!/'era, 97 Chrysonotomyia pulcherrima, 355 Coelaenomenodera elaeidis, 245 Chrysonotomyia punctiventris. 146 Coenorhabditis sp., 250 Chrysonotomyiasp., 146, 147, 153, 154,355 Coleomegilla maculata, 16,43,206 Chrysopa carnea, 24 Coleophora bipalgiatula, 165, 166 Chl)lSopa crassinervis, 218,219,221 Colosoma indicum, 334 Chrysopa modestes, 169 Combretum oralifohum, 97 Chrysopa orestes, 371 Compatability, 18,45,331 Chlysopa ru/llahris. 14, 16, 18 Compatible, 13,29,32,60, 114, 182,332 Chrysopa scelestes. 16. 17,218,221,225 Comperiella bifusciatula, 165, 166.347,348, 355 Chlysopa sp., 14,220.221,253,324,349,372.392, 398 Compsilura concinnata, 323 Chrysoperlacarnea. 171. 173,231.309,321,324.334,372 Concomitant, 134 Chrysoperla niponensis, 170 Conidiobolus obsccurus, 48 Chrysoperla sp., 171 Conidiobolus sp., 40 Chulumetia transversa, 355 Conigothespuncti/,eralis, 389,390,392 Cicer arietinum, 18,333 Conocephalus longipennis, 117 Cinnamomum camphora. 97 Conoderus sp., 43 Cinnamomum zeylanicum, 97 Conservation, 59, 60. 66, 76, 73. 75. 88,123,124,135.140. Cinnamum sp., 105 152,226,235,254,273,280,299,313,321,380,383,384

406 Contam inants, 381 Cycas revo/uta, 97 Contamination, 75, 140,251,395 Cycas sp., 103, 104, 106 Contarinia sorghieola, 6 Cyclosa con/raga, 169 Contheyla rotunda, 236, 262 Cyclosafissicauda, 169 Conura spp" 245, 253,256 Cyclosa insu/ana, 169 Copidosoma desantisi, 3 Cyclosa mu/meinensis, 169 Copidosoma koehleri, 3 Cyclosa simoni, 169 Coraeias bengalensis, 325, 327 Cyc/osa spirifera, 169 Coranus spinicutis, 219, 324 Cyc/osa sp" 169 Coranus sp" 219 Cydia molesta, 80 Corehorus capsulasis, 97 Cydia pomonel/a, 49, 79,80 Corcyra eephalonica, 6, 76, 121, 122, 123,171,225,231, Cydia ptechora, 334 261,263,265,287,289,291,368 Cylasformicarius, 43 Corcyrasp., 5, 121, 122, 193,222,227,230,243,246,251, Cylindromya sp., 162 269,272 Cympopogon citratus, 87 Cordyceps mililaris, 41 Cyrptophora cicatrosa, 87 Cordyceps sp., 40 Cyrtophorafeae, 169 Cosmolestea pielieeps, 246, 253, 255 Cyrtorhinus lividipennies, 45, 120, 121, 125, 137, 140 Cosmopolites .I'Ordidlls, 42, 356 Cyrtorhinus sp., 124, 140 Cote.l'ia aFieanus, 222, 223 Colesiajlavipe.l', 189, 197, 198, 199,208,308 D Cotesia glomerata, 370 Cotesia marginiventris , 225, 368 Dacus cucurbitae, 77, 372, 373 Cotesia pilite/lae, 369, 370 Dacus dorsalis, 6, 7, 77 Cotesia rubeeula, 370 Dacus sp., 79 Cotesia rufierus, 222, 313 Dacnusa areolaris, 146 Cotesia sp., 162,222 Dacnusa sibirica, 146, 147, 148, 151 Cothonaspis sp., 7 Dacnusasp., 146, 147, 148 Cotlerellia podagrica, 245 Daidalotarsonemus hiovatus, 167 Creagri.l' lahrosa, 248, 262, 274, 288 Dama hradleyi, 254, 255 sp" 253 Cremaiogasler Dama diducta, 254, 255 Cremastlls sp .. 371 Dama sordida, 251,253,254,255 Crieula lrilene.l'lrala, 355 Dama trima, 172 Crocidolomia binolalis, 97, 98,100,369 Dasychira mendosa, 238 Crocolhemi.l' nebuloSQ, 120 Datura strumarium, 97, 100 Crop rotation, 101, 107 Degradation, 141 Crolalariajincea, 97 Delomerislini sp., 255 Crolalaria mucronala, 256 Delonix regia, 97 Crolon spareijlora, 6 Demobrotis sp., 216 Croton sp., 205 Dendroclonus hrevicomus, 80 Cryptochaelllln iceryae, 347 Dendrolimus punctalus, 49 Cryplochaelum sp., 240 Densonucleosis virus, 254 CryplOgnalhaflaveseans, 349 Denlichasmiae busseloe, 309 Cryplogonu.l' bimaeulala, 165, 166 Deoisjlavopicla, 43 Cryplolaemlls monlrouziere, 165,346,352,353,354,356, Derrexia sp" 40 357,358,359,360,371 Deroslenus variipes, 146 C,:vplolaemu.l'sp., 133 Derris elliptiea, 97, 99 Ctenop.l'eu.l'lis ohliquana, 79 Deterioration, 205 Cueurhila maxima, 62, 63, 64, 252, 278 Deudorix epijarbas, 358 Culieinomyees c1avo.l'poru.l', 48 Deudorix isoerates, 357 Culieinomyees sp., 40 Diacamma sp., I 18 ClIIninul11 eyminesus sp .. 97 Diaerisa ohliqua, 24, 44 CUl1axa .I'eliro.l'lri.l', 279 Diadegma aposlala, 371 Cunaxa sp., 169 Diadegma eucaropoaga, 370 Curr.;ulio CWToe, 43 Diadegmafenestralis, 370 Curellma domeslica, 97 Diadegma semiclausllm, 370 Cyhoeephalus .I'emijlavus, 355 Diadromus eo/laris, 369, 370 Cvho("ephalus sp., 169,252,278 Diaeretiella rapae, 61,66,68

407 Diaeretiella sp., 349 261 Dialeuroides cardamomi, 389, 392 Ecosystem, 9, 10, 117, 125,132,134,137,140,141,152, Dialeuroides citri, 168, 349 159,160,168,169,171,172,173,175,176,207,215,218, Diaphania indica, 372 221,223,225,274,275,300,301,321,322,324,326,328, Diaphorina citri, 349 332,333,334,313,367,344,382,383,384,385 Diatraeasaccharalis, 3, 189, 195, 197, 198, 199,201 Ecotype,62 Diatraea sp., 3, 199 Ecthrodelphaxfairchildi, 120 Diatraeophaga striatalis, 199,200,20 I Ectoparasitism, 235 Diaulinopsis callichroma, 146 Ectoparasitoid, 4, 5, 7, 149,243, 266, 269,292 Dichocrocis punctileralis, 5 Ectropicbhumitra, 161, 162, 163, 175 Dicladispa armigera, 42, 114, 116, 121 Ectropis obliqua, 162, 163, 172, 173 Dicrurus adsimilies, 325, 327 Ectrychotes dispar, 324 Dideopsis aegrota, 167 Elachertinae euplectrini, 254 Dieuches sp. , 219 Elaeis guineensis, 238 Dieucoila indica, 7 Elasmus albopictus, 7 Digitaria longiflora, 256 Elasmus anticles, 7 Digitaria sp., 124 Elasmus brevicornis, 7, 117 Diglyphusbegini, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, Elasmus claripennis, 7 369 Elasmus dorsalis, 7 Diglyphus chabria, 148 Elasmus homonae, 7,163 Diglyphusfunicularis, 325 Elasmus hyblaeae, 7, 373 Diglyphus intermedius, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, Elasmus nephantidis, 7, 268, 269, 270, 271,272 152.153.369 Elasmus zehntneri, 7,207 Dig~vphusisaea, 146, 147, 148.149, 150, 151, 153 Elasmussp., 114, 118, 163,253,256 Diglyphus pulcharipes, 151 Elechnus sp., 120 Diglyphussp., 146, 147, 148.149, 154 Eleusine coracana, 97 Dinarmus basalis, 6 Eieusine indica, 256 Dindymus rubiginosus, 255 Elicit, 181 Dioctes sp., 265, 291 Embelia ribes, 10 I, 102 Diopsis longicornis, 139 Emmalocera depressella, 191, 197, 198 Diplazoan orientalis, 220 Empoasca fabae, 14,46 Dirhinus sp., 6 Empoascaflavescens, 168 Disophrys sp., 323 Empoasca kerii, 42 42, 58, 61,65 Diuraphis noxia, Empoasca kraemeri, 46 Diversinervus elegans, 359 Empoasca onukii, 168 Diversinervus paradisicus, 166 Empoasca vitis, 46 Diversity, 328, 3 13 Empoasca sp., 16,46, 168 Djachamma rugosum, 240 Encarsia clypealis, 349 Dolichotetranychus vandergooti, 279 Encarsia divergence, 349 Dollchogenidea melesae, 255 Encarsiaformosa, 373 Drepanococcus chiton, 353, 359 Encarsia haitiensis, 353 Drino imherhis, 255, 323 Encarsia inaron, 359 Drino unisetosa, 323 Encarsia lahorensis, 349 Drino sp .. 253 Encarsia merceti, 349 Drosicha stehhingi, 354 Encarsia opulenta, 349 Drosophila melanograster, 228, 231 Encarsia sp., 221,222,348,349, 359,392 Duarium sp., 165 Encyrtus infelix, 166 Dysmicoccus brevipes, 356 Encyrtus lecanorium, 347 Endemic, 32, 173, 194 E Endemism, 32 Endochus inornatus, 251,277 Earias insulana, 7, 79, 80 Endoparasitic, 1, 152,265,291 Eariasvitella, 7, 79,80,371 Endoparasitism, 235 Earias sp., 4, 80 Endoparasitoid, 4, 5, 7, 8, 19, 197,240,245,346 Echinochloa colona, 256 Endotoxins, 230 Echinochloaframentaceae, 97 Enicospilus shinkanus, 323 Echthromorpha agresioria, 252, 253 Enicospilus sp., 323 Ecofriendly, 33, 51,59,65,68,73,75, 81,89, 101, 113, 235, Entomogenous, 39, 43, 45, 48,50,51,89, 121,168,207,

408 208,235,248,376,393,395,398 Euborellia annulipes, 324 Entomopathogen, 121,206,208,239,241,249,265,267 Euborellia stalie, 117 Entomopathogenic, 150, 152, 161,207,237,238,248,263, Eucal/ipterus tilae, 65 393 Eucalyptus globulus, 97 Entomophaga auliae, 312 Eucalyptus sp., 105 Entomophaga sp., 40 Eucelatoria brayani, 321,322,223,323,368 Entomophage, 59, 87 Euchalcidia sp., 217,224 Entomophagous, 5, 7, 15,235,269,274,295,300 Euchrysops onejus, 334 Entomophagy. 274, 300 Euderus agromyzae, 325 Entomophthora aulicae, 92 Euderus lividus, 325 Entomophthora coronata, 45 Euderus sp., 325, 356 Entomophthora delphacis, 46 Eumeta sp., 238 Entomophthora grylli, 48 Eupaleopada concinna, 6 Entomophthora mucae. 45 Eupatorium odoratum, 256 Enlolllophihora sphaerosperma. 46, 48 Eupelmus catoxanthae, 254 Entomophthora sp ..40. 41. 45. 48, 50. 92, 120, 161, 172 Eupelmus pedatoria, 6 Eocantheconafurcellata, 240 Eupeimus tetaceiventris, 355 Eozenillia equitorialis. 238. 253, 255, 257 Eupelmus urozonus, 325 Eozenillia psychidarum, 253 Eupelmus sp., 325 Ephedrus cerasicola, 61,65,67 Eupenicillium shearii, 41 Ephedrus plagiator, 63 Euphorbia genicuiata, 252 Ephedrus sp., 66 Euphorbia heterophylia, 256, 257 Ephestia cautella, 76 , 256, 257 Epiclerus nomocerus, 146 Euphorbia prunifolium, 252 Epidemic, 114,202,249,275,385 Euphorbia sp., 97, 257 Epilachra sp., 5 Euplectromorpha artonae, 254 Epiphyas postvittana, 77 Euplectromorpha hicarinaia, 254 Epipyrops melanoleuca, 202 Euplectromorpha clavata, 254 Epipyrops sp .• 202 Euplectromorpha malayensis, 254 Epiricania melanoleuca. 190.202.208 Euplectromorpha salomonis, 163 Epiricania sp .. 203 Euplectromorpha viridiceps, 163 Episvrphus halleatus. 165 Euplectromorpha sp .. 254 I:pltranus erylhrogaster, 6 lenocos, 350 Epizootic, 28. 29. 32, 33. 173.207.243,248.250,251 Euplectrus parvulus, 5 Eragrostis sp .. 256 Euplectrus sp., 163,323 Erechthites hieracifolia, 256,257 Euplemus catoxanthae, 254 Erencyrtus dewitzi, 360 Euproctis fraterna, 8 Eretmocerus mundus, 221, 222 Euproctis pseudocaspersa, 162 Eretmocerus serious, 349 Euprostema sp., 254 Eretmocerus sp., 323 Eupterote cardamomi, 392 Erianthus munja, 205 Eupterote sp., 389, 391 Eriborus argenteopilosus, 323, 369, 371 Eurytoma albotibialis, 248, 297 Eriborus pilosellus, 323 Eurytoma hraconidis, 248, 273 Eriborus trochanteratus, 2, 254. 289, 291,299,301 Eurytoma curculionum, 7 Eriborus sp., 333 Eurytoma dentata, 7 Eriochiton theae, 164. 166 Eurytoma manilensis, 7 Erionotothrax thrax. 357 Eurytoma melanagromyzae, 7 Eriosoma lanigerum. 4, 58, 61. 87 Eurytoma monemae. 7, 161 Eriternimorphajavensis. 195 Eurytoma setitibia, 119 Erratia marscesens. 330 Eurytoma sp., 119,256,325.355.371.372 Erynia radicans, 48 Eurytomidae, 325 Erynia sp., 40, 45 Eutectona machaeralis, 42 Erythromelus helopeltidis, 168 Euthalia garuda, 355 Erythroneuro elegantula, 352 Evancha albaria, 168 Eterusia magnifica, 162, 164 Excelastis atmosa, 322 Euagoras plagiatus, 251,217 Exoristafallax,323 Eublemma amabilis, 7 Exorista heteresiae, 162 Eublemma sp., 358 Exoristajaponica,323

409 Exorista sorhi//ans, 6 Goniozusjaponiclls, 118 Exothoris caudata, 169 Goniozus nephantidis, 268, 269, 271,273,287,289,292,30 I Exotic, 123, 124, 15 L 160, 170,203,208,232,237,238,247, Goniozlls sp., 114, 118, 163,292,323,350 263,264,273,274,299,300,321,322,333,345,353,360, Gonotoma sp., 369 368,370,376,380,385 Goryphus bunoh, 255 Exotic parasitoids, 275, 30 I Goryphus maculipennis, 2 Extracellular, 26 Goryphus mesooxanthus, 255 Exudate, 15, 16, 17, 18,333 Goryphus nursei, 297 Goryphus sp., 255 F Gos.lypium hirsutum, 16 Gos:,ypium indicum, 98 Gracil/aria theivora, 162, 163 Fe/tiel/a sp., 169 Gronotoma sp., 146 Ferrisia virgata, 353, 354, 360 Gryl/ota/pa q/;';cana, 161,216 hengha/ensis, 97 Fiorinia theae, 164, 165, 166 Gryon sp" 114 Flushworm, 162 Gynandropsis pentaphyl/a, 224 Forecasting, 76 Gyranusoidea lebygi, 3 For/icu/a auricularia, 43, 165 Formicia cey/onica, 163, 164,255 H Formiciu cha/casce/idis, 255 Formicia penanga, 255 Hadronotus anlestiae, 325 Form/cia sp .. 163 Haliclophagus pa/mae, 240 Frank/iniel/a occidenta/is, 47 Halictophagus sp., 240 Friona sp., 392 Haltica sp., 356 Fumigation, 101 Ha/ticoptera acircu/us, 146 Fusarium sp., 40, 41,90, 165 Halticoptera circulus, 148 Ha/ticoptera patel/ana, 146 G Halticoptera sp., 146, 148, 152 Halydaia /utricornis, 114 Halys dentatus, 6 Ga/esus si/vestrii, 8 Hamb/etonia pseudococcina, 356 Gal/eria mel/onel/a, 42 Haplogonatopus sp., 120 Ganaspidium hunteri, 146, 148, 149 Haripissa mandali, 220 Ganaspidium IItilis, 146, 148, 150, 151 Harmonia octomacu/ata, 121 Gana.lpidillm sp., 146, 147, 152 Harpactor costalis, 218, 220 Gangara thyrsis, 262 Gunoderma Illcidllm, 97 Harrisina brillians, 352 Gasleracantha cancrijimnis, 253 Helianthus annus, 98 Helicotylenchus dihyslera, 374 (iasleracanth" kuhleii. 169 Helicoverpa armigera, 3,4, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19,24,28, Gaslropachu sp .. 171 42,44,75,76,77,78,79,80,100,108,122,182,223,224, Genetic engineering, 125, 13 7, 138, 176,228 226,230,307,328,321,322,323,324,325,329,330,331, Genetic manipulation, 68, 95, 125, 137,228,380 332,334,368,369,373 Genome, 252 Helicoverpa vireseens, 44 Genotype, I 09 Helicoverpa zea, 14, 15, 16, 29,31,44 Geocoris ochropterus, 167 Helicoverpa sp., 77, 322,329,333 Geocoris sp., 16 Heliothis armigera, 217, 218, 221 Gennplasm, 132, 137 He/iothis virescens, 14, 16, 17, 18,225 G/oboder kal/ida, 374 He/iothis sp., 17, 18,25,28,217,218,222,228 G/oboder rostochiensis, 374, 375 He/opetis cinchonae, 168 G/ol11us{ascicu/atllll1,375 He/ope/atis theivora, 168, 169, 174 G/OI11US l11osseae, 375 He/ope/atis sp., 168 G/vpodes phy/oa/is, 44 Hemiber/esia /ataniae, 205, 252, 278, 352 G/ypla hesitator, 373 Hemiber/esia rapax, 164 G~vricidia sepiul11, 98 Hemiptarsenus dropion, 146 Gonatocerlls sp .. 120,354 Hemiptarsenlls semia/bic/avlls, 146 Goniophlhall11l1.\' halli, 323 Hemiptarsemus varicornis, 146, 147, 148, 152,369 (ionioplhalimus sp., 222 Hemiptarsenus zi/ahisehessi, 148 Gonio"!!.\' indiclIs, 117 Hemiplarsenlls sp., 147, 152

410 Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata, 5, 371 Hypothenemus hampei, 42 Hepialus sp., 43 Hyptis brevipes, 256, 257 Herbicides, 134 Heteronychus arator, 265 I Heterosis, 228 Hexamermis sp., 166,323 Ibgia dimelaena, 274 Hezara viridula, 216 Icaria marginata, 219 Hibiscus cannabilis, 326 Iceryaformicarum, 240 Hibiscus chinensis, 98 Iceryapurchasi, 87, 345,347 Hihis,·u.\' rosa-sinensis, 62 Ichneumon sp., 323 Hierodul/a hipapilla, 380 Ideotype, 132 Hieroglyphus banian, 8,93 It/gia dimalaena, 288 Hippasa sp., 89, 169 Idioscopous c/ypealis, 45, 354 Hippodamia convergens, 16,29 Idioscopus neveosparsus, 354 Hirsutella citriformis, 45 Idioscopus sp., 354 Hirsutel/aformicanum, 45 Imatidiura nejvai, 245 Hirsutel/a guyana, 45 Incompatibility, 13, 15 Hirsutel/ajonesii,45 Incompatible, 14 Hirsutella strigosa, 45 Inoculum, 23, 28, 31, 32, 33,50, 138,231,243,247,248,249 Hirsutella thompsonii, 45, 49, 94, 279 Inostemna ocu/are, 355 Hirsutel/a versicolor, 45 Insectivorous, 179,230,236,313,326 Hirsutel/a sp., 40, 42, 45, 92, 93 Interspecific, 181 Hispaarmigera, 108 Intraspecific, 181 Holotrichia consanguinea, 207 Inveria opisina, 271,297 Holotrichia serrata, 207 Iphiaulax sp., 371 H%trichia spp., 79 Ipomoea carassicaulis, 256, 257 Homeostasis, 10 Ipomoea carnea-fistulosa, 98, 100 HomonacojJearia, 7, 162, 164, 170 Ipomoeasp., 100, 103, 104, 105, 106 Homona magnanima, 164, 174 Ips typographus, 80 Homonasp., 164 Irantha armiper, 354 Hopolixus truncatulus, 7 Isariafelina,41 Hormius sp., 355 Isaria sp., 40 Hormonia dimidiata, 371 Ischaemum globosa, 256 Hormonia octomaculata, 220 Ischaemum muticum, 256 Humbertiella sp., 324 Ischiodon scutellaris, 167,309,352 Hungariella pretiosa, 346 Ischnaspis longirostris, 240 Hyalopterus amygda/i, 58 Isomera cinerascens, 323 Hyblaea puera, 5 Isotimajavensis,2, 189, 194, 195,208 Hybothorachini sp. , 219 Isotima sp., 196 Hydridisation,67 Isyndus heros, 246, 255 Hydrellia philippina, 135, 139 Itop/ectis narangae, I 18 Hydrellia sp., 8 Hydrometra sp., 120 J Hydrophilic, 30 Hydrophobic, 32. 393 Hymenia reclirvalis. 373 Jamides a/ecto, 391 Hvoteronellra retariae. 58 Jasminium sp., 98 Hyperaspis maindronii. 358 Jatropha curvus, 98 Hyperparasite, 9, 114, 162,217,222,235,273 Jatropha sp., 103, lOS, 106 Hyperparasitic, 150 Jauravia pubescens, 274, 288 Hyperparasitism. 292 Jauraviaquadrinotata, 165, 166, 169 Hyperparasitoids, 5, 6, 9, 64, 273, 274, 275, 300,30 1,361 Jauravia sp., 169 Hypersota abeninus, 370 Jotus minutus, 168 Hypocala rostrata, 24, 44 Junonia orithya, 24, 28, 44 Hypocrella sp., 40 Jussiaea sp., 256 Hypo/ixlIs trllncatulus, 8 Justicia adhatoda, 98 Hyposoter didymator, 223, 368 Justicia comata, 256 Hyposoter exiguae, 15

411 K Liriomyza bryoniae, 147, 153 Liriomyzahuidobrensis, 147, 153 Kaempfera galanga, 98 Liriomyza sativa, 147, 152 Kairomones, 68, 192,361,382, 383 Liriomyzatrifolii, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, Kanakarajiella cardamomi, 391 369 Kerria communis, 360 Liriomyzasp., 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153 Kerria lacca, 7 Lixophaga diatraeae, 150, 151,200,20 I Klinotaxis, 382 Lixus truncatulus, 373 Kophena minor, 238 Lobelia microtinifolia, 98 Kotochalia doubledayi, 238 Lobesia botrana, 76 Locusta migratoria, 43 L Longevity, 243 Luffa acutangula, 98 62, 63 Lagenaria vlIlgaris. 62, 63. 64 Luffa cylindrica, 279 Laills exlernenolalus. 372 Lupotarsonemus sp., Lamhdinajiscellaria.46 Lycopersicon hirsutum f. sp. glabratum, 15 Lamphides boeliclIs, 334 Lycosa bistriata, 167 Lamprosema indicala, 24 ,44 Lycosa madani, 118 88, 104, 117, 118 Lamprosema oclasema, 356 Lycosa pseudoannulata, Lanlana aculeala, 98 Lygus communis var. novascontiensis, 48 16 Lantana camara, 98, 100 Lygussp., 76, 79 Lanlana sp., 100,256 Lymantria dispar, 167,349 Laodelphax slrialellus, 116 Lysiphlebus ambiguss, Lasiuseills sp., 253 Lysiphlebus dehlieuses, 68 Laloia lepida, 7, 262 Lysiphlebus mirza, 66 61, 65, 67, 68, 309 Latoia viridissima, 251,252 Lysiplebus testaceipes, 66, 357 Leersia hexandra, 256 Lysiphlebus sp., Leis cincta, 220 Leis dimidiata, 167 M Leis dimidiata var. guindecimmaculata, 165 Lepidosaphes mcgregori, 278 Maconellicoccus hirsutus, 351,353,358, 359,360 Leplacis sp., 119 Macrocentrus homonae, 160, 164, 170 Leplinolarsa decemlineata, 15,42,43,49 Macrocentrus sp., 117 Leplocurisa aCllla, 108 Macromalon orientalis, 370 Leplocorisa varicornis, 1 14 Macroplectra nararia, 163 Leptocorisa sp., 140 Macrosiphum euphorbiae, 14,58 Leplomaslidea abnormis, 346 A1adhuca longifolia var. latifolia, 98 Leplomaslix dactylopii, 3, 345,353,358,357 Mahanarva postica, 43, 49 Leptus sp., 354 Mahasena carbetti, 248,252, 253, 255 Lespeyresia leucostoma, 160, 162 Mal/ada auster, 355 Lespeyresia nigricana, 160, 162 Mal/ada boninensis, 220, 353, 372 Lel/callge decorala, 169 Manatha albipes, 238, 262 Lellcauge mariana, 253 Manatha scolopepla, 238 Leucauge tessel/ala, 324 Manducasexta, 14, 15 Leucauge sp., 169 Mangifera indica, 98 Lel/cinudes orhunalis, 371 Mangora sp., 253 Lellcophulis coneopho/'a, 262, 276 Manipulation, 160 Leucopholis sp., 79 Manochilus sexmaculatus, 288 Lellcopis 11IIercornis, 358 Maranta asundinaces, 98 Leucoso pseudoannulata, 120, 139 Marasmia patnalis, 42 LevlIana iridescens, 290 Marasmia ruralis, 42 Lipaphis erysimi, 58 Mariella carneci, 165, 166 Lindorlls luphanthae, 203, 204, 205 Mariel/a leopardina, 166 Linosloma decllndrllm, 172 Marpissa mendalis, 104 LiocyrlUS aphidivorus, 220 Marpissa ligrina, 242, 288 Lipolexis gracillis, 167 Marpissa sp., 169 Lipolexis scutel/aris, 63 Marl/ca testulalis, 322 Lipophilic, 32 Massaria sp., 322

412 Massospora sp., 40, 41 Michelia champaca, 98, 100 Megalopyge sp., 254 Micraspis cardoni, 349 Megaphragma mymaripennae, 372 Micraspis discolor, 92, 118, 121,274, 288 Megaselia sp., 297 Microbracon serinopae, 290 Melalontha melalontha, 43 Microbracon sp., 163, 164,373 Melamphaus sp .. 168 Microchelonus curvimaculatus, 323 Melanagromyza hibici, 7, 371 Microdon bel/us, 164 Melanagromyza obtusa, 7, 322 Micromus timidus, 167, 169,220,222,355 Melanaspis glomerata, 203, 205 Microphanurus suimo, 255 Melanaspis sacchari, 58,68, 309 Microplitis croceipes, 24 Melanaspsis sp., 182 Microplitis maculipennis, 323, 350 Melanitis ismene, 42 Microplitis pallidipes, 323 Melanoplus sanguinipes, 42 Micropterysjlavus, 348 Melanthera aspera, 256 Microsporida sp., 254 Melastoma malabaricum, 256 Microterys jlavus, 166 Melcha ornatipennis, 195 Microterys kotinskyi, 352 Melia azedarach, 98, 100 Microterys sp., 165, 166 88, 120 Melia sp., 44 Microvelia douglasi atrolineata, 88, 89, 120 Melilotus indica, 98 Microvelia douglasi douglasi, Meloboris sp., 163 Mikania cordata, 256 Mimosa sp., 256 Meloidgyne incognita, 374, 375 sp., 163 Melaidagyne sp., 374 Miotropis Melalantha melalantha, 43 Mocis undata, 24 Menida histris, 108 Monocu1ture, 176 Monogamous, 298 Menochilus sexmaculats, 139, 165, 167,220,221,274, , 309,324 Monomorium sp., 354 Mentha spicata, 98 Mononychellus tanajoa, 47 Monophagous, 293 Mepachymerusensifer,323 100 Merops orientalis, 325, 327 Moringa oleifera, Mortality, 151, 152, 168, 173, 184,192, 196, 198,202,206, Mesochorus disectergus, 162 207,224,226,241,242,246,248,249,250,251,252,260, Mesomorphus vil/iger, 216 261,265,266,267,278,286,287,291,292,321,330,331, Mesovelia vittigera, 120 332,334,381,383,393,394,396,397,398 Mestocharel/ajavensis, 163 Mesumena sp., 169 Mucor hiemalis, 92 sp., 40 Metagonistylum minense, 200, 201 Mucor Metaphycus helvolus, 347, 348, 359 Mundalea sericae, 98 Metaplectrus solitaris, 164 Musca domestica, 5, 381 Mycoinsecticide, 24, 30, 33, 39, 46, 48, 50, 89, 91,93,94, Metaplectrus thosea, 163, 164 Metarhizium alhum. 43 95,109 Mycoparasite, 92, 165, 168, 173 Metarhizium anisopliae, 32, 43, 44, 47,48, 50,94,207208, 265,268,317,330,374,392,393, 395,396,398 Mycopathogen, 173 Metarhizium aulice, 92 Mycosis, 25, 32, 41, 44, 45, 207, 243,248 Mycotoxins, 249 Metarhizium Gylindrosporae, 43 173 Metarhiziumjlavoviride, 31,43,44,48,92 Myllocerus aurolineatus, Metarhiziumjlavoviride var. minus, 92, 93 Mylloeerus subfaciatus, 371 Metarhizium guizhousense, 43 Mythimnaseparata, 311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 317 Metarhizium pingshaeme, 43 Myzoeallis eoryli, 61 Metarhizium taii, 43 Myzus nieotianae, 216, 217, 218, 220, 222, 224 Metarhizium sp., 25, 30, 40, 41,42,43,49,50,92,247,248, Myzuspersieae, 14,42,58,65,216,217,218,220,222,224, 398 373,372 Meteoridea hutsoni, 273, 289,292 Meteorus varicosus, 164 N Meteorus sp., 355 Metioche vitacollis, 119 Nala Iividipes, 324 Metisaplana, 238, 246, 248, 252, 254, 255 Naranga aeneseens, 76 Metisa sp., 238 Neanastatus grallarius, 6, 119 Metopius rufus, 323 Neanastatus sp., 119 Metapolophium dirhodum, 58 Neetria sp., 40

413 Neoap/ectana carpocapsae, 356 Oc/opunc/a/a candida, 274 Neobephra/a pe/io/a/a, 7 Odentepyris sp., 323 Neochrysocharisformosa, 147 Odontomachus sp., 118 Neochrysocharis perksi, 147 Odontoponera transversa, I 18 Neochrysocharispunc/ivenlris, 147, 148, 153 Odontotermes obesus, 262 Neochrysocharis sp., 147, 150 Oecophy/la /onginoda, 246 Neodesmetia sangwani, 3 Oecophylla smaragdina, 5, 240, 253, 345 Neoplec/ana/i!ltiae, 312 Oenonogastra micrornopalae, 146 Neoplectrus maculatus, 163 Oenonogastra sp., 146 Neopleo/rous hioarintus, 253 Olana gateri, 254 Neoscona cinctiventsic, I 19 Oligonuchuscoffeae, 160, 169, 170, 171, 175, 176 Neosopna mukerjii, I 18 Oligonychus iseilemae, 262, 279 Neoscona rump/i, 169 Oligonychu.l' mangiferus, 356 Neoscona theisi, 89, 324 Oligosita naias, 4 Neoscona sp., 89, 324 Oligositasp., 120, 121, 169 Neozygitesfresenii,47 Olios puncti/es, 220 Neozygitesjloridana, 47 Oncocephalus annulipes, 324 Neozygites parvispora, 47 Ooencyrtus erionotae, 357 Neozygites sp., 40, 45, 47, 94 Ooencyrtus papilionis, 358 Nephantis serinopa, 285, 300 Ooencyrtus sp., 254, 350 Nephi/a maeLdata, 169 Opatroidesfrater,334 Nephotellix virescens, 45, 92, 136, 137 Ophiomyia phaseoli, 334 Nepholellix sp., 49, 115, 120 Ophion triangularamaculatus, 350 Nephrolepis biserra/a, 256 Ophionea indica, I 19 Nerium indicum, 98 Opisina arenosel/a, 2, 3, 4,5,7,268,271,272,273,274, Nesidiocoris tenuis, 217, 218,224 285,286,288,289,290,291,293,293,294,295,296,297, Nesidiocoris sp., 221 298,299,300 Nesolynx phaesoma, 220 Opisina sp., 269, 271,272,274,280,288 Ne.\·o~ynx thymus, 380, 385 Opius bruneipes, 146, 151, 153 Nesol)'l1x sp., 381,385 Opiusdimidiatus, 146, 148 Nerillm indicum, 98 OpiusdissitllS, 146, 147, 148, 151, 152, 153 Nelelia sp., 323 Opius/letcheri, 354, 373 Ne::.ara viridu/a, 114,373 Opius micrornoplae, 152 Niche, 95 Opiuspa//ipes, 146, 148 Nicotiana rllstica, 99, 215, 224, 226 Opius phaseoli, 148 Nicotiana tahacum , 98, 99,215 Opiussp., 146, 147, 148, 149, 154,372 Nicotiana sp .. 225 Opuntia sp., 98 Nigel/a sativa, 98 Opulenla sp., 359 Nilaparvala lugens, 4, 42, 43, 45, 46, 49, 115, 120, 125, 136, Orchelsia sp., 334 137,138 Orinebius kanetataki, 43 Nilaparvata nigropiclus, 120 Orius insidious, 16 Nilaparvata poslica, 43 Orius laevigatus, 47 Nilaparvata viresens, 137 Orius maxidentex, 167,324 Nilaparvata sp., 120 Orius tanti//us, 121 Nipaecoccus viridis, 346, 359 Orius sp., 169,372 NOl11l1raea ri/el'i, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27. 28, 29, 30, 31,32,42,44, Ormyrus sp., 355 48,50,92,332,369 Ornithacris cavroisi, 43 Nomurac" sp .. 40,50 Orphinlls sp., 169 Noorda moringae, 373 Orseolaoryzae, 6, 8,115,119,136,137 Nosema sp., 350 Orthaga eudrusalis, 355 Nymphu/a depunctalis, 42 Orthretrum sabina, 120 Nythohiasp., 117,291 Orthokinesis,382 Oryctes rhinoceros, 49, 238,244,248,247,264,265,266, o 267,268,269,270,271 Oryctessp., 43, 244,247,248,253,263,264,266, 267, 268, Obtusiclava oryzae, I 19 271,279 Ocimum hassilicum, 98, 100 Orymyrus orientalis, 325 Ocimum sanctum, 98, 100 Oryza alta, 138

414 Oryza australiensis, 137, 138 Pandora de/phacis, 46, 92,93,94 Oryzabarthii,138 Pandora sp., 40, 45 Oryza brachyantha, 139 Panicum repens, 256 Oryza collina, 139 Panicum trigonus, 256 Oryza eichingeri, 138 Papi/o demo/eus, 350 Oryza g/aberrima, 138, 139 Papuana uninodis, 238, 264 Oryza glumaepatu/a, 139 Paracentrobia sp., 120 Oryw grandig/umis, 138 Paradasynus rostratus, 236, 262 Oryzagranu/ata, 137, 138 Parada.lynus sp., 236 Oryzajeoporensis, 139 Paragus indicus, 167 Oryza /atifolia, 138 Paragus serratus, 220, 352, 358 Oryza /ongig/umis, 138 Paragus tibialis 167 Oryza longistal11inata, 139 Paraglls verburiensis, 167 Oryza l11alampuzhaensis, 139 ParaUe/aptera sp., 277 Oryza malibarensis, 139 Paraphy/ax varius, 255 (Jryza meridionalis, 139 Paraphylax sp., 323 Oryza meyeriana, 138 Parasa lepida, 163,251,356 O,yzaminuta, 137, 138 Parasa pastoralis, 163 Oryzanivara, 137, 138, 139 Parasaissetia nigra, 359, 360 O,:vzaoflicinalis, 137, 138 Parasitioid, 1,2,3,4,5,7,9,13,14,15,16,17,19,60,62,63, Oryza paragllaensis, 139 64,65,66,67,68,87,88,114, 116,117,118,119,120,121, Oryza perennis, 139 122,123,124,125,135,140.147,149,150,151,152,158, Oryza punctata, 138 160,161,162,165,166,168,170,171,172, 174, 175, 190, Oryza rhizomatis, 138 191,192,193,194,195,196,198,199,201,202,203,205, (Jryza rid/eyi, 138 208,217,222,223,231,235,236,238,240,242,243,244, (Jryzarujipogon, 137,138,139 245,247,248,249,250,252,254,257,260,261,263,264, Oryzasativa, 138, 139 265,267,268,269,270, 271,273,274, 275,280,286,287, Oryza schlechteri, 139 289,290,291,293,294,295,296,297,298, 299,300,321, 322, Orywsp., 137 323,328,329,333,345,346,347,348,349,351,358,369,370, Ostrinia nubilalis, 42 ,44,49 380,382,383,384,386,392,398 Ovomerl11is a/hicans, 323 Paratheresia claripa/pis, 20 I Oxya chinensis, 8 Pardosa birmanica, 118 Oxya nitidu/a, 108 Pardosa pseudoannu/ata, 120 Oxyopesjavanlls, 89, 120 Pardosa sumatrana, 89 Oxyopes wrollghtonii, 220 Parechthorodryinus clavicomis, 360 ()xypes pandae, 169 Parena mgrolineata, 273, 288,30 I (Jxypes shwata, I 18, 169 Parlatoria olea, 205 O\)pes sp .. 118. 168. 169 Parnara mathias, 5 ()xyptila reenae, 324 Paromius gracilis, 324 Oxyrhachis tarandlls, 4 Partheniul11fruticosul11,98 p Parthenium sp., 100 Parthenogenesis, 57, 291,293,294, 295,298 Pachycrepoideus veerannai, 6 Paspalum conjugatum, 256 Paehycrepoideus vindeml11iae, 6 Paspa/um scrobiculatllm, 256 Padomyia setosa, 163 Passer domesticus, 325, 327,334 Paecilomyces carneus, 161 Passiflorafoetida,256 Paecilomycesfarinoslls, 92, 93, 248, 249, 287 Pectinophora gossipiella, 76, 80, 180 Paeeilomyces liIacinus, 48, 374,375 Pediculoides ventricosus, 288 Paecilomyces sp., 41,242,249,254 Pediobius anomaills, 255 Paedogenesis, 57 Pediobius bruchiada, 5, 355 Paederllsfilscipes. 118, 120 Pediobiusfoveolatus, 371 Paederus lamaills. 120 Pediohius imhreus, 256, 273 Palexorista coe,,!'x, 245 Pediobius setigerus, 245 Palexorista solennis. 162,253.370 Pediobius sp., 146,380,381 Palexorista sp., 267, 323, 393 Peleopoda sp., 253, 254 Paimicliitor pa/marum. 252. 278 Pelopidas mathias, 7, 42, 114 Paimicliitor sp., 236, 252, 262, 278 pempheres affinis, 6 Palpexorista coccyx, 245 Pemphigus bursarius, 5

415 Penagonia /ucasilus, 172 Planotortrix excessana, 79 Penaspis theae, 165 Platygaster oryzae, 119 Penicillium sp., 40 Platygaster foersteri, I 19 Penta/onia nigronervosa, 61,357,392 Platygaster sp., 119,221 Peribeae orbata, 222 Platymeris laevicollis, 264, 279 Peri/amp us sp., 162 Platynota ideaeusalis, 79 Perililus persimilis, 245 Playplectrus natadae, 163 Periplaneta americana, 6 Plecoptera rf!:f1exa, 5 Perisiero/a nephantidis, 292 Plesioneta argyra, 253 Perissopneumonferox, 354 Plinothrix sp., 7 Peristomerous testaceus, 371 Plocaederusferrugineus, 42, 43,79 Peristomerus sp., 163 Plocaederlls obesus, 79 Phaedon cochlearia, 43 Plodia interpunctella, 76 Phagostimulant, 226 Plusia orichalcea, 24 Phanerotoma sp., 371 Pilisia signata, 216 Pharoscymnusflexibilis, 355 Plutella maculipennis, 5, 295 Pharoscymnus horni, 203, 205 Plutella xylostella, 46, 369 Phaseo/us vulgare, 332, 334 Plutella sp., 97 Pheid%genton ajJinis, 240 Pnigalio maculipes, 146 Phenacm.pis mani, 164,348 Pniga/io sp., 146 Pheromone. 68, 76, 77. 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 125, 160, 181, 182, Podarion sp., 380 186,187,361,380,382 Podisus sp., 253 Pheropsophus occipitalis, 263 Podomyia setosa, 164 Phidippus pateli, 169 Pogonomyrmex barbatus, 42 Phidippus punjabensis, 220 Pogostemon heyneanus, 98 Phidippus sp., 169 Pogostemon patcholi, 98 Phi/olema campoletisa, 3 Poinsettia pulcherrima, 98 Phi/olema ma/eena, 7 Polistes herbraens, 334 Philosinida /ongicornis, 359 Polistes olivacells, 324 Ph/egra sp., 89 Polistes stigma, 219 Ph/ogacanthus tubiflorus, 172 Polistes sp., 256 Phorocera magna, 164 Polyhedrosis, 254 Phototaxis, 192 Polymorphism, 26, 57 Phthorimaea operculella, 3, 76, 78,79 Polyphagous, 3, 15,24,79,171,204,218,262,263,265, Phycus sp., 348 269,270,271,288,289,291,295,296,297,353,372 Phygadellon sp., 354 Pomaphis mali, 58 Phyllanthus niruri, 256 Pondora delphacis, 121 Phyllocnistis citrella, 350 Pongamia glabra, 100 Phyllocoptru/a oleivora, 45 Pongamiapinnata,98,I00 Phyllonorycter cerasico/ella, 145 Pongamia sp., 44 Phyllophaga anxia, 43 Popilliajaponica, 43,79 Phytodeitus ~pinipes. 164 Porthetria dispar, 5 Phytophage, 59 Posorosticha zizyphi, 350 Phytophagous. 1,5,6,7,9,18,45,224,380 Praon palitans, 61, 66 Phytoseiullis persimilis, 169, 170,374 Praon valucre, 68 Picrasma excelsa, 99 Praon sp., 61, 66 Pieris brassicae, 44, 370 Praty/enchus delattrei, 374 Pieris rapae, 44, 344 Predaceous, I, 166,203,224,237,238,251,253,263,277 Pinnapsis aspidistrae, 240 279,224,357 Pinnaspis strachani, 349 Predator,9,13,14,16,18,19,29,32,60,63,64,75,87,88, Pinnaspistheae,I64,I66 89,116,118,119,120,122,124,125, \35, 140,160, 162, 163, Piper betel, 98 165,166,167,168,169,173,174,182,189,194,203,204, Piper nigrum, 98, 99 205,207,208,217,223,224,226,230,235,237,238,242, P/aesillsjavanus, 356 245,247,248,250,251,252,254,257,261,262,263, Planococcus citri, 3, 345, 351, 353, 354, 358,359, 360 264,268, 271, 273,274, 277, 278,280,287,288,289, 300, 30 I, Planococcus kraunhiae, 346 321,324,325,332,334,346,347,348,349,350,351,352, Planococcus Ii/acinus, 346,353,357,358,359,379 353,354,355,356,357,358,359,360,361,368,371,372, Planococcus vitis, 351 373,374,379,380,383,384,391,392,398

416 Predatory, 313, 325, 326, 334 Q Pristomerus sp" 323,350 Procontarinia mateiana, 355 Qiketicus kirbyi, 245 Pronematus sp" 167 QlIadraspidiotus perniciosus, 4, 205, 262 Propagation, 67 Quarantine, 79 Propagule, 41, 51 Quassia amara, 99 Prophylactic, 130 Propicroscytlls miri/icus, I 19 R Propylea{allak, 274, 288 98 Prosopisjulijlora, Rana limnocaris-limnocaris, 120 Prosopis sp., 100 Raoiella indica, 262, 279 165, 166 Prospaltella herlesei, Raphimeto ahultellus, 194 Prospallella perniciosi, 4, 347 Rastrococcus iceryoides, 354 sp., 165, 166 Prospallella Rastrococcus invadens, 3 Proll,[wrce qllinqllemacliiala. 15 Repalidia marginata, 324 240, 242, 262 Proulista moesla, Repellent, 95, 99 Psacolhea hi/aris, 43 Rhaconotus scirpophagae, 3 Psalis pennatllia, 108 Rhadbitis sp., 263 Psara bipllnctalis, 371 Rhene indieus, 274, 288 Pseudaspidill1erlls circum/lex us, 165,352 Rhene khandalensis, 288 Pselldatomoscelis seriallls, 16 Rhene sp., 273, 280 Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli, 278 Rhinocorisfuscipes, 277, 324 Pseudaulacaspis pentagona, 165, 166 Rhinocoris signalis, 218 sp., 7 Pselldellcoi/a Rhil1ocoris squalis, 219 Pselldococcus hroll1eliae, 356 Rhizoglyphus sp., 354 Pseudococcus/i-agilis, 346 Rhizogpertha dominica, 91 Pseudococcus longispinus, 262, 278 Rhizopus oryzae, 92, 93 Pseudococcus marilimlls, 351 Rhizopus sp., 40 Pseudogonalopllsjievij'ell1ur, 120 Rhoconotus schoenahivorus, 116 PseudolellCl lInipunclata, 44, 90 Rhopalosiphum maydis, 58, 309 Pselldoliriomr:a cordiae, 147 Rhopa/osparium padi, 58 Pseudomonas aerllginosa, 276 Rhynchaenus mangijerae, 356 Pseudo/7/onocvslis sp., 276 Rhynchophorusferrugineus, 238, 262, 275 Pselldoperichaeta nigrolineala, I 18 Rhynchophorus pa/marum, 79 Pseudoplusia inc/udens, 32, 44 Ricania !>pecuium, 240 PseudoscYll1nlls dwipakalpa, 278 communsis, 98 Pseudosonia ru/i{rons, 313 Rodolia cardinalis, 345,347 Psiloptera /astllosa, 385 Rodoliajilmida, 354 Psittacliia krameri, 334 Rogas aligarensis, 371 Psix slriaticeps, 380 Rogas sp., 163, 164,323 Psylla mali, 48 Ropalidia sp., 219 P.\)'lIida elrioza, 46 Ropterocerus xylophaorum, 6 Psylloides chrysocephala, 43 Rotation, 189 pllparum, 350, 370 Pt~rOll1alliS Rotylenchulus reni/ormis, 374,375 Pleromaills sp., 6 Ryania speciosa, 98, 99 Pleropleryx koebelie, 355 Pleroplrix sp., 165 Pleroslichus sp., 42, 43 s Pleroleil1on lau/ella, 251 Plycholol1la aerijerana, 46 Sacchariphagus, 182 Pueraria phaseoloides, 256 Saccharrum otlicinarum, 182 Puereriajaval1ica, 256 Saisselia cotleae, 165, 166,347 Pullus sp., 278 Saissetiaformicarii, 165, 166 Saliana sp, 253 Pyemotes ventricosus, 122,262,288 Pyrausta machaeralis, 3, 5 Salticus sp., 169 Pyrillaperpusilla, 5,43, 184, 189, 190 Samia cynlhia, 193 Pyrilla sp., 190,202,203,207,208 Saniosulus nudus, 278 Sansurrea lappa, 98 Santalus parallelus, 263

417 Santalus sp., 263 Sibine megasomoides, 253,254 Sap indus emarginatus, 98 Sibine sp., 250, 253, 254 Sarcophaga alibicesps, 219 Sigesbeckia orientalis, 98 Sarcophaga dux, 219 Signiphora sp., 358 Sarcophaga orientoides, 323 Siphaflava, 58 Sareophaga sp., 253 Siphoninus phillyreae, 358 Scapanes australis- grossepunctatus, 264 Sisyropa apicata, 323 Scarites sp., 263 Sitobion avenae, 58, 61 Seelio hieroglyphi, 8 ';itophilus oryzae, 6 Scelio oviphagus, 8 Silotroga cere a/ella, 76, 192, 193 Seelio oxya, 8 Sitotroga sp., 193 Seelio pembertoni, 8 Sminthurus viridis, 47 Scenocharops sp., 254,255 Solanum americanum, 152 Schislocerea gregaria, 43 Sogatellafurcifera, 115 Schizaphis graminium, 58, 68, 309, 317 Solanum berthaultii, 14 Sciothrips eardamomi, 389, 390, 392 Solanum indicum, 102 Scirpophagaexcerplalis, 84, 184, 189, 191, 194, 195, 197, Solanum melongena, 5, 62 198 Solanum tuberosum, 14 Scirpophaga incerlulas, 2, 8, 79, 108, 114, I 16, 117, 124, Solarization, 375 125,136,138,139 Solenopsis germinata, 118 Scirpophaga nivella, 8 Solenopsis invicta, 42 Scirpophaga nivellainleacla, 194 Sorghum hiocolor, 98 Seirpophaga sp., 180, 182 Sorosporella sp., 40 Scirtothrips dorsalis, 166 Spalangia afra, 6 Scirlothrips sp., 166 Spalangia endius, 6 Scolia cyanipennis, 263 Spalangia sp., 6 Scoliophalamis micas, 117 Spalgis epius, 166,278,353,354,358,360 Scolothrips indicus, 167 Spallanzania sp., 323 Scolinophara lurida, 91 Sparasssus sp., 273, 274, 280, 288 Serobipalpa heliopa, 216 Specificity,207 Sculellista cyanea, 6, 164,360 Spegigaster brunneicornis, 6 Scymnus bipunctalus, 356 Spegigaster stepicola, 6 Scymnus castaneus, 358 Sphaerophoria scultellaris, 7 Scymnus coecivora, 351, 352 Sphaerostilbe sp., 40 Scymnus moreleui, 167 Sphedanolestes aurescens, 288 Scvmnus nlihillls, 372 Sphedanolestes sp. , 219 Scvmnlls quadrillium, 347 Sphegigaster sp., 356 Scymnus severini, 358 Sphenarches caller, 372 Scymnlls sp, 16, 165, 166,220,278,352,355,359,360 Sphenoplera koenbierensis, 385 Seleron latipes, 216 Sphex argentatus, 324 Semidalisfletcheri, 169 Spiearia rileyi, 44 Senescence, 223 Spiearia sp., 40 Septobasidium sp., 40,165 Spidiaotiphagus sp., 165 Serology, 25 Spinaria bicolor, 255 Serralia marcescens, 275,286 Spinaria spinator, 165, 166,245,253,255,257 Sesamia inference, 5, 42, 194, 197, 198,207 Spinaria sp., 166 Sesamia sp., 123 Spodoptera exigua, 24, 28, 42, 44, 67 Sesamum indicllm, 99 Spodopterafrugiperda, 44, 265 Sesamum orienlale, 98 Spodoptera litoralis, 44 Selora cuperiplaga, 255 Spodoptera litura, 24, 27, 28, 29, 31,32,33,42,44,76,77, Setora miens, 253 79,80,100,217,218,219,223,226,230,357,369,370 Selora nilens, 245, 247,254,257 Spodoptera mauritia, 8 Selolhosea assigna, 251,252,254 Spodoptera sp., 77 Selohosea sp., 252, 254 Spoggosia hezziana, 279, 289, 299, 30 I Shelt:life, 30, 32, 33 Sporobolus indicus, 256 Shoenocaliion officinale, 98, 99 Stagodyphus sarasinorul1l, 355, 356 Shorea rohusla, 379 Staurops alternus, 166 Sibinejilsca, 245,252 Steinernema carpoeapsae, 150, 151

418 Steinernemafeltiae, 263, 330,332,356 Syrphus serarius, 167 Steinernema glaseri, 334 Syrpophagus hojJeri, 63 Stemaachoria elongella, 316 Systropus nitidus. 245 Stenobracon deesae, 3 Systropus roepkei, 253,255 Stenobracon nicevilli, 3 Stenoma cecropia, 253 T Stenoniesiusjaponicus, 163 Stenomesius sp., 119 Tabebina rosea, 98 Stephanitis typica, 236, 251,262,277 Tachinamunda, 163. 164 Stereum sp., 40 Tagetes erecta. 62 Stermia sericornae, 392 Tagetes patula. 98 Sterna aurantia, 325 Talima sp., 254 Sternchetus gravis, 354 Tamarindus indica, 98 Stethoconus preaefectus, 277 Tamarixia radiata, 349 Slethorusgilvifrons, 169,175 Taraucas theopharastus, 350 Stethorusfijiensis, 279 Tarichium sp., 40 Stethorus keralicus, 279 Tecoma indica, 98 Stethorus sp., 170 Tefrastichus sp., 255 Stibaropustabulatus sp., 216 Telamonia biforcilinea, 168 Stictoiplosis moringae, 373 Telenomus alecto, 8 Stiocholotis madagassa, 203, 204, 205 Telenomus beneficiens var. elongatus, 8 Stomatomyia bezziana, 293 Telenomus brasiliensis, 370 Stomoxys sp., 8 Telenomus cyrus, 114 Stomtocerus sulcatiscutellum, 294 Telenomus dignoides, 8,116 Strobiomyia aegyptia, 323 Telenomus dignus, 8, 114, 116, 117 Strongwellsea sp., 40 Teleonomus euproctidis, 162 Slurmia harrisinae, 352 Telenomus hawaii, 357 Stllrmiopsis inferens. 199,200.208,323 Telenomus incommodus, 350 Slurmiopsis parasitica, 20 1,202 Telenomus israeli, 8 Sturn us roseus, 325 Telenomusjavenses, 8 Suastus gremius. 262 Telenomus manolus, 8 Suensonomyia sp., 323 Telenomus nawai, 8 Supella longipalpa, 6 Telenomus proditor, 24, 29 Superparasitism, 235 Telenomusremus, 114, 123,218,223,225,370 Suppression.2,3I,123, 152, 166, 168, 172, 174, 186, 189, Telenomus rowani, 8, 114, 116, 117 190,203,208,227.235,236,238,253,254,261,262,264,274, Telenomus sphingis, 15 279.280,300,313.326,332,333.345,362,379,381,384,385 Telenomus transversiceps, 350 Surfactants, 231 Telenomus sp., 8,114,116,254,357,323,358 Susceptibility, 27, 29.137, 138,371 Teleopterus sp., 356 Susceptible, 29, 32, 40, 42, 43. 68, 150, 173,230,249,275 Temelucha philippinensis, 118 Sycanus dichotomus, 246, 255 Temelucha sp., 114, 118, 323 Sycanus indagator, 324 Tephrosia candida, 98 Sycanus leuocomesus, 246, 255 Tephrosia purpuria, 98 Sycanus macracanthus, 246. 253 Teratorhabditis sp., 276 Sycanus sp., 246 Terminalia arjuna, 379 Sylepta derogata, 5 Terminalia tomentosa, 379 Sylepta lunalis, 352 Tetracnemoidea indica, 346 Symbiotic, 250 Tetragnatha mandibulata, 169 Sympiesis aburjanus, 245 Tetragnatha maxillosa, 89 Sympiesis dolichogaster, 163 Tetragnathasp., 104, 117, 118 Sympiesis hyblaeae, 5 Tetranychus cinnabarinus, 356 Sympiesis mikado, 163 Tetranychus kanzawai, 169, 170, 173 Synanus sp .• 168 Tetranychus urticae, 47 Synergism, 68, 225 Tetrastichus atom ella, 325 Synomones, 382 Tetrastichus ayyari, 323 Syntomosphyrum obscuriceps, 117 Tetrastichusformosanus, 120 Syrphus balteatus, 167 Tetrastichus inferens, 5 Syrphus confrator, 221 Tetrastichus howardi, 5, 119

419 Tetrastichus israeli, 116, 207, 297 Trichogrammajaponicum, 114, 124, 125, 191, 194,207 Tetrastichus japonicum, 116, 117 Trichogrammaminutum, 15, 122 Tetrastichus ophiuse, 350 Trichogramma ostriniae, 350 Tetrastichus phyllocnistoides. 350 Trichogrammaplasseyensis,191 Tetrastichus pyrillae, 5 Trichogramma poliae, 191 Tetrastichus sokolowskii, 114, 116,370 Trichogrammapretiosum, 14, 15, 16 Tetrastichus taprobanensis, 163 Trichogramma semblidis, 191 Tetrastichus sp., 245, 254, 355 Trichogrammasp., 4, 15, 18, 116, 117,118,121,122,124, Thecocarcelia incedens, 323 140,190,191,192,193,321,323,329,333,334,358,368, Thelairosoma gracilis, 298 384,385 Therioaphis maculata, 46 Trichogrammatoidea armigera, 4, 191 Therioaphis trifolii, 48, 61 Trichogrammatoidea bactrae, 4, 191,370 Theronea maske/~vaae, 380 Trichogrammatoidea nana, 253 Theronia orientalis, 255 Trichogrammaioidea thosea, 161, 162, 191,254, 323 Thichogyia nigrimargo, 163 Tricholyga aberraus, 253 Thichomolopsis apanteloctema, 114 Trichoma/opsis apanteloctena, 114,380,385 Thiocidas postica, 360 Trichoplusiani, 27, 29, 31, 76, 369 Thomisus bulani, 118 Trichopria sp., 325 Thomisus lobosus, 220 Trichospilus papivora, 5, 166,268,273,298,300,301 Thomisus projectus, 220 Tridax procumbens, 98 Thomisus sp., 324 Trigonella!oenum-graecum, 98 Thompsonisca desantisiellus. 355 Trimorus sp., 221 Thomsoniscatypica, 165, 166 Triommata sp., 164 Thosea andamanica, 238 Trionata sp., 163 Thosea aperiens, 238 Trioxys angelicae, 167 Thosea asigna, 253 Trioxys complanatus, 61,64 Thosea cervina, 163 lrioxys indicus, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65 Thosealutea,254,255 Trioxys pallidus, 61,62,65 Thosea recta, 164 Trioxys tenvicaudus, 61, 65 Thoseasinensis, 164 Trioxys utilis, 61, 65 Thosea vetusta, 255 Trioxys sp., 66, 167,388 Thphlocybina sp., 46 Triphe/ps sp., 287 Thrips tabaci, 372 Triplosporium sp., 40 Tinocallis plantani, 58, 61, 65 Trisso/cus basalis, 373 Tinospora crispa, 98 Trissolcus sp., 380 Tinathaba rufivena, 245 Trogoderma granarium, 76 Tomespis varia, 48 Tropiconabis capsiformis, 324 Torrubiella sp., 40 Tryporyza incertulas, 42 Toxopteraaurantii, 58, 61, 65,165,167,171,172,349 Tripterigium wilfordii, 98 Transformation, 230 Trochosa sp., 118 Transgenic, 125,138,225,228,230 Tropobracon schoenobii, 116, 117 Transmission, 243,250 Tungro, 115, 133 Trathala jlavoorbita/is, 371 Turnaca acuta, 262 Trialeurodes vaporariorum, 373 Tydeus sp., 169 Tribolium castaneun, 6 Tylenchorhynchus brassicae, 374 Tribolium confusum, 76 Typhlodromips sessor, 372 Trichodorus allius, 374 Typhlodromus hom alii, 170 Trichogramma australicum. 4. 91 Typhlodromus sp., 169 Trichogrammachilonis, 4, 14.16, 17,18, 119,121,124, 7j;tithus sp., 120 171,185.190.191,192,193.194.207,208,219,222.228,308. 333,350.358.368 u Trichogramma chilotraeae. 191 Trichogramma confosum, 191 U1oborus sp., 242 Trichogramma dendrolimi, 162, 174 Uredinella sp., 40 . 191,350 Uroleucon compositae, 58 Trichogramma evanescens minutum, 263, 289 Uscana mukerjii, 4 Trichogramma exiguum, 124. 308 Trichogrammajlandersi, 191

420 v x

Vairimorpha sp., 330 Xanthogramma aegyptium, 167 Vector, 58,13 1.230, 236,251.262.277,349,368 Xanthogramma citrinum, 167, 220 Velataspis semulata. 165, 166 Xanthogramma scutellare, 167, 220, 221 Venturia palmaris, 245 Xanthopimplaflavolineata, 114, 117, 118, 119 Verania discolor, 220, 221 Xanthopimpla nana nana, 2, 255, 268,270,272,273,274, Veraniavincta, 165, 169 275,300,301 Veratrum album, 98 Xanthopimpla punctata, 255, 268, 270, 272,273,299 Verticillium chlamydosporium, 375 Xanthopimpla stemmator, 116, 323 Verticillium intertextum, 392 Xanthopimpla sp., 253, 299 Verticillium lecanii, 42,45,48,49, 165, 167, 172 Xeromphis spinosa, 98 Verticillium sp., 40, 41 Xyleborus lomicatus, 170 Vespa orientalis, 324 Xylotrechus quadripes, 79 Viability, 25, 27, 30 Xylotrupes gideon, 264 Vicialabavar. major, 153 , 334 z Vigna radiata, 334 Vigna unguiculata, 334 Vincentodiplosis pesudococci, 356 Zagrammosoma mulatilineatum, 146 Viru1ence,25,26,27,51, 136, 138, 137,250 Zaropalus corvinus, 351 Viru1ent,25,27, 125, 136 Zele chloropthaima, 219 Vitex negundo, 98, 103, 104, 105 Zenillia sumatraensis, 164 Vitex sp., 104, 106 ZeuzeracofJeae, 163, 164 Viteus viti/oliae, 58 Zingiber officinale, 98 Viviparous, 57,200 Zizyphus mauritinana, 98 Voria edentata, 323 Zizyphus sp., 102, 359 Voria rbmlia, 323 Zonocerus variegatus, 43, 44, 48, 90, 91 Zoophthora radicans, 46, 48, 92, 93, 119 W Zoophthora sp., 40, 41,45 Wilt, 25 1,277 Zygoballus pashanensis, 118 Winthemia caledoniae, 350 Zygoballus sp., 118 Winthemia diversoides, 323 Zygaenobia sp., 40 Winthemia sp., 298 Zygomucor sp., 92

421