ICL-IPL Kyoto Conference 2013 Strengthening International Networking and Partnerships in Science and Technology to Develop a Safer Geoenvironment in support of the United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction
19-22 November 2013
Yamanouchi Hall, 2nd Floor, Shiran Kaikan, Kyoto University, Japan
1. IPL Symposium 2013 9:00-17:00 on 19 November (Tuesday) 2013 2. Proposals of World Centres of Excellence 2014-2017 9:00-12:00 on 20 November (Wednesday) 2013 3. Organaization of the World Landslide Fourm 3 9:00-12:00 on 22 November (Thursday) 2013 (A joint photo on 1st Floor immedately after the session) 4. Strategic Discussion to strengthen IPL 13:30-17:00 on 22 November (Thursday) 2013 (A reception in a Japanese Restaurent from 18:00) 5. 12th Session of Board of Representatives of ICL 9:00-10:30 on 23 November (Friday) 2013 6. 8th Session of IPL Global Promotion Committee 11:00-12:30 on 23 November (Friday) 2013
No Contents of Documents Page
D1 General Schedule of ICL-IPL Conference 3
D2 List of Participants 4
D3 ICL members in 2013 9
D4 2012-2014 Membership Fee 12
D5 GNI/Capita 2012 (World Bank) 15
D6 Financial Statement of ICL 2012 19
D7 Budget of ICL for 2014 20
D8 List of Ongoing ICL Networks 21
D9 Publication of ICL Journal “Landslides” 22
D10 Best Paper Award for Landslides 33
D11 Officers of ICL 2015-2018 35
D12 ICL Landslide Teaching Tools 37
D13 World Reports on Landslides 43
IPL Matters
D14 Organization of WLF3 Seperate
1
D15 Edition of WLF3 books 48
D16 Strategic Discussion for WLF3 53
D17 List of Ongoing WCoEs 2011-2014 59
D18 Proposal for WCOEs 2014-2017 61
D19 List of Ongoing IPL projects in 2012 126
D20 IPL New Project Proposal 130
D21 IPL World Centre 143
D22 Officers of IPL Committees 146
D23 Abstracts of 2013 IPL Symposium 147
D24 Proposal of WLF4 in 2017 163
Other Materials
CD1 Progress Reports of ICL Networks, WCoEs and IPL projects
CD2 ICL Landslide Teaching Tools (Text Tools)
2 D1
General Schedule of ICL-IPL Conference
Date Time Programme 14:00-15:00 Registration and travel support in the registration desk, 18 Nov. (Monday) 14:00-17:00 15:00-17:00 Preparatory group meeting to review and prepare the discussion in the Conference. IPL Symposium: New IPL project proposals and 9:00 - 12:00 Reports of Regional and thematic networks 19 Nov. (Tue) 13:30-17:05 IPL Symposium: Research presentation
Proposals of World Centres on Excellence (WCoE) on 9:00 - 12:00 Landslide Risk Reduction 20 Nov.(Wed) Group discussions of networks and committees, and 13:30-17:00 projects (desk and chairs for small groups are prepared in the same venue)
9:00 - 12:00 Organization of the World Landslide Forum 3 in Beijing
12:00-12:10 Joint photo in the Lobby on the First Floor 21 Nov. (Thurs) Strategic discussion to strengthen S/T networking and 13:30-17:00 partnerships to develop a safer geoenvironment and planning the High Level Panel Discussion in WLF3
18:00-20:00 Reception at “Ganko Takasegawa Nijyoen”
12th Session of BOR of ICL and 9:00 - 12:30 8th Session of IPL Global Promotion Committee 22 Nov. (Friday) Follow-up meeting in the Shirankaikan-Bekkan 14:00-17:00 (Kensyu-Sitsu No.1 on the 2 floor of the oposite building)
3 D2
List of Participants
No. Name Countries/UNs Office Programme Specialist, Division of Water 1 Giuseppe Arduino UNESCO/IHP Sciences, International Hydrological Programme (IHP) Programme Specialist 2 Kristine Tovmasyan UNESCO Natural Sciences Sector Chief, Regional Programmes and DRR 3 Neil Mcfarlane UNISDR Coordination
4 Yuki Matsuoka UNISDR Head, UNISDR Hyogo Office
5 Hans van Ginkel UNU Former Rector of UNU
Vice Chair of IRDR Science Committee, 6 Salvano Briceno IRDR/ICL ICL senior adviser IPL adviser, Special Adviser to the 7 Badaoui Rouhban IPL Assistant Director-General for Natural Sciences Vice President of the International Union 8 Marko Komac IUGS/IGCP/SLOVENIA of Geological Sciences (IUGS), Geological Survey of Slovenia, IGCP Office for Disaster Reduction Research, 9 Hideaki Maruyama MEXT/JAPAN Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology Earthquake and Volcanic Disaster Management Office, Sabo Department, 10 Atsushi Okamoto MLIT/JAPAN Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism Japan Science and Technology Agency, 11 Hiroshi Nagano JST/JAPAN Program for the Promotion of International Policy Dialogues Japan Science and Technology Agency, 12 Toshitsugu Fujii JST/SATREPS/JAPAN SATREPS Japan Science and Technology Agency, 13 Eriko Inoue JST/SATREPS/JAPAN SATREPS Japan International Cooperation Agency, 14 Kota Katsumata JICA/SATREPS/JAPAN SATREPS
15 Wolfgang Eder ICL/IPL/GERMANY Technical Advisor of ICL
16 Paolo Canuti ICL/IPL/ITALY President of ICL
ICL-HEADQUARTERS Executive Director of ICL, Director of 17 Kyoji Sassa IPL World Centre IPL World Centre
18 Osamu Nagai ICL-HEADQUARTERS International Consortium on Landslides
19 Quang Khang Dang ICL-HEADQUARTERS International Consortium on Landslides
4 D2
No. Name Countries/UNs Office
20 Mie Ueda ICL-SECRETARIAT International Consortium on Landslides
21 Naoko Kimura ICL-SECRETARIAT International Consortium on Landslides
22 Waka Kataoka ICL-SECRETARIAT International Consortium on Landslides
23 Peter Bobrowsky CANADA Geological Survey of Canada
24 Yueping Yin CHINA China Geological Survey
25 Xu Yongqiang CHINA China Geological Survey Institute of Mountain Hazards and 26 Su Lijun CHINA Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences 27 Wei Shan CHINA Northeast Forestry University
28 Ying Guo CHINA Northeast Forestry University
29 Chunjiao Wang CHINA Northeast Forestry University
Xi'an University of Architecture and 30 Jia Xiao CHINA Technology
31 Ko-Fei Liu CHINESE TAIPEI National Taiwan University
32 Željko Arbanas CROATIA University of Rijeka
Snježana Mihalić 33 CROATIA University of Zagreb Arbanas
34 Vit Vilimek CZECH REPUBLIC Charles University, Faculty of Science Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics 35 Josef Stemberk CZECH REPUBLIC Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics 36 Jan Klimeš CZECH REPUBLIC Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Institute and the Laboratory of 37 Rolf Katzenbach GERMANY Geotechnics
Rigoberto Moncada Universidad Politécnica de Ingeniería, 38 HONDURAS Lopez UPI National Institute of Disaster 39 Surya Prakash INDIA Management, New Delhi
40 Dwikorita Karnawati INDONESIA Gadjah Mada University
5 D2
No. Name Countries/UNs Office
41 Teuku Faisal Fathani INDONESIA Gadjah Mada University
Soil Conservation and Watershed 42 Zieaoddin Shoaei IRAN Management Research Institute
43 Claudio Margottini ITALY Itarian Geological Survey
Joint Research Centre (JRC), European 44 Javier Hervas ITALY Commission, Ispra
45 Nicola Casagli ITALY University of Firenze
46 Veronica Tofani ITALY University of Firenze
Ehime University, Center for Disaster 47 Hiromitsu Yamagishi JAPAN Management Information Research Forestry and Forest Product Research 48 Hirotaka Ochiai JAPAN Institute, ICL Treasure GODAI KAIHATSU Corporation, Deputy 49 Kazuhiko Yamamori JAPAN Director of System Business Dept
50 Mitsuya Enokida JAPAN Japan Conservation Engineers & Co., Ltd.
51 Tatsuya Shibasaki JAPAN Japan Conservation Engineers & Co., Ltd.
52 Akihiko Wakai JAPAN Japan Landslide Society
53 Daisuke Higaki JAPAN Japan Landslide Society, President Kawasaki Geological Engineering Co., 54 Takeshi Kato JAPAN Ltd., Manager, Overseas Section, Business Division, Kawasaki Geological Engineering Co., 55 Yumiko Mori JAPAN Ltd., Assistant Staff, Overseas Section, Business Division Kokusai Kogyo Co.,Ltd., Chief 56 Satoru Tsukamoto JAPAN Consultant, Overseas Operation Department 57 Hiroshi Fukuoka JAPAN Kyoto University, DPRI
58 Bin He JAPAN Kyoto University, DPRI
59 Hendy Setiawan JAPAN Kyoto University, DPRI
60 Doan Huy Loi JAPAN Kyoto University, Master Student
61 Pham Van Tien JAPAN Kyoto University, Master Student
6 D2
No. Name Countries/UNs Office
MARUI & Co., Ltd., Manager of 62 Yuji Ikari JAPAN Overseas Sales Dept. National Research Institute for Earth 63 Naoki Sakai JAPAN Science and Disaster Prevention Niigata University, Research Center for 64 Hideaki Marui JAPAN Natural Hazards and Disaster Recovery Niigata University, Research Center for 65 Wang Chunxiang JAPAN Natural Hazards and Disaster Recovery
66 Hidemasa Ohta JAPAN OHTA Geo Research Co., Ltd., President
OKUYAMA Boring Co., Ltd., Senior 67 Shinro Abe JAPAN Advisor
68 Maki Yano JAPAN OSASI Technos Co., Ltd., President
OSASI Technos Co., Ltd., Staff of Sales 69 Ryuichi Tanaka JAPAN section
70 Shinji Komatsu JAPAN OYO Corporation
71 Takaya Hiroshima JAPAN SE Corporation, Professional Engineer
72 Etsuko Tsunozaki JAPAN SEEDS Asia
73 Fawu Wang JAPAN Shimane University
74 Toyohiko Miyagi JAPAN Tohoku Gakuin University
Korea Infrastructure Safety & Technology 75 Buhm-Soo Chang KOREA Corporation
76 Sangjun IM KOREA Korean Society of Forest Engineering
Slope Engineering Branch, Public Works 77 Ir. Kamar Kassim MALAYSIA Department of Malaysia Irasema Alcant 78 MEXICO Institute of Geography, UNAM Ara-Ayala
79 Gabriel Legoretta Paulin MEXICO Institute of Geography, UNAM
Department of Geology, University of 80 Igwe Ogbonnaya NIGERIA Nigeria, Nsukka
81 Raul Carreno PERU Grudec Ayar
82 Alexander Strom RUSSIA JSC "Hydroproject Institute"
83 Oleg Zerkal RUSSIA Moscow State University
7 D2
No. Name Countries/UNs Office
84 Irina Gvozdeva RUSSIA Moscow State University Russian Academy of Sciences, Sergeev 85 Svalova Valentina RUSSIA Institute of Environmental Geoscience (IEG RAS) 86 Biljana Abolmasov SERBIA University of Belgrade
87 Svetozar Milenkovic SERBIA The Highway Institute, Belgrade
Comenius University, Faculty of Natural 88 Ján Vlčko SLOVAKIA Sciences Comenius University, Faculty of Natural 89 Vladimír Greif SLOVAKIA Sciences University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Civil 90 Matjaz Mikos SLOVENIA and Geodetic Engineering (ULFGG) Central Engineering Consultancy Bureau 91 A A Virajh Dias SRI LANKA (CECB)
92 R.M.S. Bandara SRI LANKA National Building Research Organization
Asian Disaster Preparedness Center 93 N.M.S.I Arambepola THAILAND (ADPC) Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, 94 Saowanee Prachansri THAILAND Land Development Department President of Vietnam Association of 95 Van Canh Doan VIETNAM Hydrogeology
96 Do Minh Duc VIETNAM VNU University of Science
Director of Science and Technology, 97 Hoang Ha VIETNAM MOT Vice Director of Infrastructure Dept., 98 Tran Quoc Toan VIETNAM MOT Officer of Investment planning Dept., 99 Tran Thanh Liem VIETNAM MOT Director General, Institute of Transport 100 Nguyen Xuan Khang VIETNAM Science and Technology (ITST) Chief of Planning & Project Management 101 Dinh Van Tien VIETNAM and Project Manager, ITST
102 Lam Huu Quang VIETNAM Director of Road Laboratory 1, ITST Director of Sub-Institute of Transport 103 Tran Dang Ninh VIETNAM Science and Technology in DaNang City, ITST
8 ICL Members in 2013 (2013/11/08) D3
Alternate Member organization Country Representative Representative 1 Albanian Geological Survey Albania Adil Neziraj Mimoza Jusufati
CENACID UFPR (Centro de Apoio Cientifico em Renato Eugenio Lazaro Valentim 2 Brazil Desastres | Center for Scientific Support in Disasters de Lima Zuquette
3 Geological Survey of Canada Canada Peter Bobrowsky
4 China Geological Survey China Yueping Yin Shi Jusong
5 Northeast Forestry University China Wei Shan Ying Guo
Tieming Liu, 6 Bureau of Land and Resources of Xi’an China Dangsheng Tian Shiyan Wu Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese 7 China Cui Peng Su Lijun Academy of Sciences Guillermo Avila Alvaro Jaime Gonz 8 Universidad Nacional de Colombia Colombia Alvarez lez Garc a Croatian Landslide Group from Faculty of Civil 9 Croatia Zeljiko Arbanas Snjezana Mihalic Engineering University of Rijeka and Faculty of Mining, 10 City of Zagreb, Emergency management office Croatia Pavle Kalini Kristina Martinovi
Czech 11 Charles University, Faculty of Science Vit Vilimek Jiri Zvelebil Republic Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics Academy of Czech 12 Sciences of the Czech Republic, Department of Josef Stemberk Jan Klime Republic Engineering Geology European 21 Joint Research Centre (JRC), European Commission Javier Hervas Luca Montanarella Commision Technische Universitat Darmstadt, Institute and 13 Germany Rolf Katzenbach Gregor Bachmann Laboratory of Geotechnics Jance Carolina 14 Universidad Polit cnica de Ingenier a, UPI Honduras Luis Eveline Funes P.G.Dhar 15 National Institute of Disaster Management, New Delhi India Surya Prakash Chakrabarti Dwikorita Teuku Faisal 16 Gadjah mada University Indonesia Karnawati Fathani M. H. Tofigh 17 Building & Housing Research Center Iran S. H. Tabatabaei Rayhani Agricultural Research and Education Organization 18 Iran Z. Shoaei (AREO) International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Mohammadreza 19 Iran Seismology(IIEES) Mahdavifar 20 University of Firenze, Earth Sciences Department Italy Nicola Casagli Veronica Tofani
21 Joint Research Centre (JRC), European Commission Italy Javier Hervas Luca Montanarella
ISPRA-Italian Institute form Environmental Protection Giuseppe 22 Italy Claudio Margottini and Reserch Delmonaco Gabriele.Scarascia 23 University of Roma "La Sapienza" Italy Paolo Mazzanti mugnozza
9 ICL Members in 2013 (2013/11/08) D3
Yousuke 24 Kyoto University, DPRI, Japan Kaoru Takara Yamashiki, University of Tokyo, Inst. of Industrial Science amd Ikuo Towhata / 25 Japan Junichi Koseki Geptechnical Group Kazuo Konagai Niigata University, Research Center for Natural Hazards 26 Japan Hideaki Marui Naoki Watanabe and Disaster Recovery 27 Forestry and Forest Product Research Institute Japan Kazuo Suzuki Hirotaka Ochiai
28 Japan Landslide Society Japan Daisuke Higaki Akihiko Wakai
Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources 29 Korea Byung-Gon Chae Seung Won Jeong (KIGAM) Sangjun Im, 30 Korean Society of Forest Engineering Korea Hoseop Ma Jonhaku Li 31 Korea Forest Research Institute Korea Kyongha Kim Hojoong Youn
32 Korea Jong-Gun Lee Korea Infrastructure Safety & Technology Corporation Buhm-Soo Chang, Slope Engineering Branch, Public Works Department of Che Hassandi 33 Malaysia Ashaari Mohamad Malaysia Abudullah Mohd Jamaludin 34 Mara University of Technology Malaysia Haryati Awang Md. Noor Irasema Alcant Manuel Anuel 35 Institute of Geography, UNAM Mexico Ara-Ayala Mendoza-Lopez International Centre for Integrated Mountain 36 Nepal Hari krishnaa Mandira Shrestha, Development (ICIMOD) 37 Department of Geology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka Nigeria IGWE Ogbonnaya Celestine Okagbue Farrokh Nadim 38 International Centre for Geohazards, (ICG) in Oslo Norway Bj rn Kalsnes Anders Solheim
39 Grudec Ayar Peru Raul Carreno
Department of Engineering and Ecological Geology, 40 Russia Oleg Zerkal Julia V. Frolova Geological Faculty, Moscow State University 41 JSC "Hydroproject Institute" Russia Alexander Strom
Russian Academy of Sciences, Sergeev Institute of 42 Russia Victor Osipov Svalova Valentina Environmental Geoscience (IEG RAS) Gordana Hadzi- 43 University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mining and Geology Serbia Biljana Abolmasov Nikovic Comenius University, Faculty of Natural Sciences, 44 Slovakia J n Vl ko Vladim r Greif Department of Engineering Geology University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Civil and Geodetic 45 Slovenia Matjaz Mikos Bojan Majes Engineering (ULFGG) 46 Geological Survey of Slovenia Slovenia Marko Komac Magda Carman
Engineering Geoscience Unit, Council for Gersciende, 47 South Africa S Diop SG Chiliza South Africa 48 Central Engineering Consultancy Bureau (CECB) Sri Lanka N Rupasinghe A A Virajh Dias
National Asiri 49 National Building Research Organization R.M.S. Bandara Building Karunawardana
10 ICL Members in 2013 (2013/11/08) D3
National Taiwan University, Department of Civil Chinese 50 Liang-Jeng Leu Ko-Fei Liu Engineering Taipei Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Land Paitoon Saowanee 51 Thailand Development Department Kadeethum Prachansri 52 Asian Disaster Preparedness Center(ADPC) Thailand Bichit Rattakul NMSI Arambepola
Insutitute of Telecommunication and Global Information Oleksandr M. 63 Ukraine Yuriy I. Kalyukh Space Trofymchuk 64 U. S. Geological Survey USA Peter T. Lyttle Lynn Highland
Institute Hydroingeo, State Committee of Geology of 65 Uzvekistan Niyazov R.A. Bazarov Sh. B. Uzbekistan Nguyen Xuan 66 Institute of Transport Science and Technology Viet Nam Dinh Van Tien Khang
11 2012-2014 Membership Fee 2012 2013 2014 Country/ Membership Travel category to be Member organization GNIPC Received Received Region fee category support /GNI received money money mone y 500 4,090 1,000 500 500 Albanian Geological Survey Albania 500 CENACID – UFPR (Centro de Apoio Cientifico em Desastres | Center for Scientific 1,000 11,630 2,000 1,000 1,500 1,500 Support in Disasters – Federal University of Parana) Brazil 3,000 1,500 50,970 3000/5000 3,000 3,000 Geological Survey of Canada Canada 3,000 1,500 5,680 2,000 1,500 1,500 China Geological Survey China 1,500 1,000 1,000 5,680 2,000 1,000 1,000 Northeast Forestry University China 1,000 1,000 5,680 2,000 1,000 1,000 Bureau of Land and Resources of Xi’an China 1,000 500 5,680 2,000 500 500 Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences China 1,000 1,000 6,990 2,000 1,000 1,000 1,000
12 Universidad Nacional de Colombia Colombia Croatian Landslide Group from Faculty of Civil Engineering University of Rijeka and 2,000 1,500 13,290 3000/5000 2,000 2,000 2,000 Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum University of Zagreb Croatia 2,000 13,290 3000/5000 2,000 2,000 City of Zagreb, Emergency management office Croatia 2,000 Czech 3,000 1,000 18,130 3000/5000 3,000 3,000 Charles University, Faculty of Science Republic 3,000 Czech 2,000 1,500 18,130 3000/5000 2,000 2,000 Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Republic European 5,000 1,000 33,840 3000/5000 5,000 5,000 Joint Research Centre (JRC), European Commission Comission 5,000
3,000 44,010 3000/5000 3,000 3,000 Technische Universitat Darmstadt, Institute and Laboratory of Geotechnics Germany 3,000 500 2,000 2,070 1,000 500 500 Universidad Politécnica de Ingeniería, UPI Honduras 500 500 2,000 1,530 1,000 500 500 National Institute of Disaster Management, New Delhi India 500 1,000 3,000 3,420 1,000 1,000 1,000 Gadjah Mada University (ICL/IPL Web moderator) Indonesia 1,000 4,086 ～ 1,000 2,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 Building & Housing Research Center Iran 12,615 4,086 ～ 1,000 2,000 2,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 Agricultural Research and Education Organization (AREO) Iran 12,615 4,086 ～ request to 1,000 2,000 1,000 International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology(IIEES) Iran 1,000
12,615 waive D4 5,000 1,500 33,840 3000/5000 5,000 3,000 University of Firenze, Earth Sciences Department Italy 3,000
3,000 33,840 3000/5000 3,000 3,000 ISPRA-Italian Institute form Environmental Protection and Reserch Italy 3,000 no 3,000 33,840 3000/5000 not yet University of Roma "La Sapienza" Italy response 3,000 47,870 3000/5000 3,000 3,000 Kyoto University, DPRI, Japan 3,000 3,000 47,870 3000/5000 3,000 3,000 University of Tokyo, Inst. of Industrial Science amd Geptechnical Group Japan 3,000
3,000 1,000 47,870 3000/5000 3,000 3,000 Niigata University, Research Center for Natural Hazards and Disaster Recovery Japan 3,000
3,000 47,870 3000/5000 3,000 3,000 Forestry and Forest Product Research Institute Japan 3,000
3,000 47,870 3000/5000 3,000 3,000 Japan Landslide Society Japan 3,000 5,000 22,670 3000/5000 5,000 5,000 Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) Korea 5,000
3,000 22,670 3000/5000 3,000 3,000 Korean Society of Forest Engineering Korea 3,000
3,000 22,670 3000/5000 3,000 Korea Forest Research Institute Korea 3,000
13 3,000 1,000 22,670 3000/5000 3,000 Korea Infrastructure Safety & Technology Corporation Korea 3,000 1,000 1,000 9,800 2,000 1,000 1,000 Slope Engineering Branch, Public Works Department of Malaysia Malaysia 1,000 1,000 9,800 2,000 1,000 1,000 Mara University of Technology Malaysia 1,000 1,000 2,000 9,600 2,000 1,000 1,000 Institute of Geography, UNAM Mexico 1,000 500 700 500 500 500 International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD) Nepal 500 500 2,000 1,430 1,000 500 500 Department of Geology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka Nigeria 500
5,000 98,860 3000/5000 5,000 5,000 International Centre for Geohazards, (ICG) in Oslo Norway 5,000 500 2,500 5,880 2,000 500 500 Grudec Ayar Peru 500 Department of Engineering and Ecological Geology, Geological Faculty, Moscow State 1,000 12,700 2,000 1,000 1,000 University Russia 1,000 1,000 2,000 12,700 2,000 1,000 1,000 JSC "Hydroproject Institute" Russia 1,000 Russian Academy of Sciences, Sergeev Institute of Environmental Geoscience (IEG 1,000 2,000 12,700 2,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 RAS) Russia 1,000 5,280 2,000 1,000 1,000 University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mining and Geology Serbia 1,000 D4 2,000 1,500 17,180 3000/5000 2,000 2,000 2,000 Comenius University, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Engineering Geology Slovakia
5,000 1,000 22,810 3000/5000 5,000 5,000 University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering (ULFGG) Slovenia 5,000
3,000 22,810 3000/5000 3,000 3,000 Geological Survey of Slovenia Slovenia 3,000 South 1,000 7,610 2,000 1,000 not yet ENGINEERING GEOSCIENCE UNIT, COUNCIL FOR GEOSCIENCE, SOUTH AFRICA Africa 1,000 500 2,000 2,920 1,000 500 500 Central Engineering Consultancy Bureau (CECB) Sri Lanka 500 500 2,000 2,920 1,000 500 National Building Research Organization Sri Lanka 500 Chinese 3,000 5,680 2,000 3,000 3,000 National Taiwan University, Department of Civil Engineering Taipei 3,000 500 5,210 2,000 500 500 Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Land Development Department Thailand 500 500 1,000 5,210 2,000 500 500 Asian Disaster Preparedness Center(ADPC) Thailand 500 500 3,500 1,000 500 500 Insutitute of Telecommunication and Global Information Space Ukraine 500
5,000 3,720 3000/5000 not yet terminated U. S. Geological Survey USA 14 500 1,720 1,000 500 not yet Institute Hydroingeo, State Committee of Geology of Uzbekistan Uzvekistan
Institute of Transport Science and Technology Viet Nam 500 1,400 1,000 500 500 500 39,000 91,000 95,500 98,000
2014 Membership fee have been already paid by Income class GNI/PC Memgership fee category
JSC "Hydroproject Institute" high income $12616 ～ 3000 ～ 5000
upper middle income $4,086 to $12,615 2,000
lower middle income $1,036 to $4,085 1,000
low income $1,035 or less 500
Income Category by World Bank 2012 which is used for category of ICL membership fee. D4 D5
Gross national income per capita 2012, Atlas method and PPP Purchasing Atlas power parity methodology (international Ranking Economy (US dollars) Ranking Economy dollars)
1 Monaco .. a 3Qatar 81,300 a 2 Liechtenstein .. a 5 Macao SAR, China 68,710 a 3Bermuda 106,920 a 6 Norway 66,960 4Norway 98,860 7 Luxembourg 65,190 5 Switzerland 82,730 8 Singapore 61,100 6Qatar 76,010 a 10 Switzerland 56,240 7 Luxembourg 76,960 12 Hong Kong SAR, China 53,050 8 Isle of Man .. a 15 United States 50,610 9 Channel Islands .. a 16 Kuwait 48,190 a 10 Denmark 59,770 20 Sweden 44,150 11 Australia 59,570 21 Austria 44,100 12 San Marino .. 22 Netherlands 43,620 13 Macao SAR, China 55,720 a 23 Denmark 43,340 14 Sweden 56,210 24 Australia 43,300 15 Cayman Islands .. a 25 United Arab Emirates 41,980 a, b 16 Faeroe Islands .. a 26 Canada 42,530 17 Canada 50,970 28 Germany 41,890 18 United States 50,120 30 Belgium 40,170 19 Kuwait 44,100 a 32 Finland 38,630 20 Netherlands 48,250 34 United Kingdom 36,880 21 Austria 48,160 35 France 36,720 22 Japan 47,870 36 Japan 36,290 23 Singapore 47,210 37 Ireland 35,870 24 Finland 46,940 38 Iceland 33,840 26 Belgium 44,990 39 Italy 32,870 27 Germany 44,010 40 Spain 32,320 28 France 41,750 43 Korea, Rep. 30,970 31 Ireland 38,970 45 New Zealand 29,960 a 32 Iceland 38,710 46 Bahamas, The 29,740 a, b 33 United Kingdom 38,250 47 Cyprus 29,400 c 35 Hong Kong SAR, China 36,560 48 Israel 28,070 a 36 United Arab Emirates 35,770 a 52 Slovenia 27,240 37 Italy 33,840 53 Malta 26,990 40 New Zealand 30,620 a 54 Oman 25,550 a 41 Spain 30,110 55 Seychelles 25,760 b 42 Israel 28,380 a 56 Greece 25,460 45 Cyprus 26,000 c 57 Saudi Arabia 30,480 a 47 Greece 23,260 58 Portugal 24,770 48 Slovenia 22,810 58 Slovak Republic 24,770 49 Korea, Rep. 22,670 60 Czech Republic 24,710 50 Bahamas, The 21,280 a 62 Lithuania 22,760 54 Portugal 20,580 63 Russian Federation 22,720 55 Oman 19,110 a 64 Trinidad and Tobago 22,400 b 56 Malta 19,760 65 Estonia 22,030 57 Saudi Arabia 21,210 a 66 Bahrain 19,080 a 58 Czech Republic 18,130 67 Chile 21,310 59 Puerto Rico 18,000 68 Poland 21,170 60 Slovak Republic 17,180 69 Latvia 21,020 61 Bahrain 14,820 a 70 Hungary 20,710 62 Estonia 15,830 72 Croatia 19,760 64 Trinidad and Tobago 14,400 73 Antigua and Barbuda 19,260 b 65 Chile 14,280 75 Equatorial Guinea 18,880 66 Latvia 14,200 76 Turkey 18,190 67 Lithuania 13,920 78 Panama 17,830 b 68 Equatorial Guinea 13,560 79 St. Kitts and Nevis 17,280 b 69 Uruguay 13,510 80 Palau 17,150 b 70 St. Kitts and Nevis 13,330 81 Malaysia 16,530 71 Croatia 13,290 82 Mexico 16,440 72 Russian Federation 12,700 83 Romania 16,310 74 Poland 12,660 84 Botswana 15,880 75 Antigua and Barbuda 12,640 85 Mauritius 15,820 76 Venezuela, RB 12,500 87 Uruguay 15,570 77 Hungary 12,370 89 Bulgaria 15,390 78 Seychelles 11,640 90 Belarus 15,220 79 Brazil 11,630 91 Lebanon 14,400
World Development Indicators database, World Bank, 23 September 2013 1
15 D5
Gross national income per capita 2012, Atlas method and PPP Purchasing Atlas power parity methodology (international Ranking Economy (US dollars) Ranking Economy dollars) 80 Turkey 10,830 92 Gabon 14,290 83 Gabon 10,070 93 Montenegro 13,930 85 Palau 9,860 94 Venezuela, RB 13,170 86 Panama 9,850 95 Costa Rica 12,580 b 87 Malaysia 9,800 96 Dominica 12,190 b 88 Kazakhstan 9,750 97 Kazakhstan 12,040 89 Mexico 9,600 98 Brazil 11,720 90 Lebanon 9,190 99 Macedonia, FYR 11,570 91 Costa Rica 8,740 100 South Africa 11,190 92 Mauritius 8,570 101 Serbia 11,180 93 Suriname 8,480 102 St. Lucia 11,020 b 94 Romania 8,150 103 St. Vincent and the Grenadines 10,810 b 95 South Africa 7,610 105 Grenada 10,300 b 96 Botswana 7,430 106 Peru 10,240 97 Grenada 7,110 107 Colombia 10,110 98 Colombia 6,990 108 Dominican Republic 9,820 b 99 Montenegro 6,940 110 Ecuador 9,700 100 Bulgaria 6,870 111 Turkmenistan 9,640 b 101 Belarus 6,530 112 Thailand 9,430 101 St. Lucia 6,530 113 Albania 9,390 103 Dominica 6,460 114 Bosnia and Herzegovina 9,380 104 St. Vincent and the Grenadines 6,380 115 Tunisia 9,360 105 Tuvalu 6,070 116 Azerbaijan 9,200 106 Azerbaijan 6,030 117 China 9,060 109 Peru 5,880 119 Suriname 8,500 b 110 Iraq 5,870 121 Maldives 7,690 111 Maldives 5,750 122 Algeria 7,550 a, b 112 China 5,680 123 Namibia 7,390 113 Namibia 5,640 124 Ukraine 7,300 114 Turkmenistan 5,550 125 Armenia 6,990 115 Dominican Republic 5,470 126 Belize 6,880 a, b 116 Serbia 5,280 127 El Salvador 6,810 b 117 Thailand 5,210 128 Egypt, Arab Rep. 6,640 118 Ecuador 5,200 130 Timor-Leste 6,410 b 119 Jamaica 5,140 131 Bhutan 6,310 120 Jordan 4,720 132 Jordan 6,130 121 Macedonia, FYR 4,700 133 Sri Lanka 6,120 122 Bosnia and Herzegovina 4,650 135 Georgia 5,860 d 123 Angola 4,580 136 Paraguay 5,610 124 Tonga 4,240 137 Angola 5,490 125 Belize 4,180 a 138 Syrian Arab Republic 5,200 126 Fiji 4,200 139 Tonga 5,140 b 127 Algeria 4,110 a 140 Mongolia 5,100 128 Tunisia 4,150 141 Morocco 5,080 e 129 Marshall Islands 4,140 142 Guatemala 4,990 b 130 Albania 4,090 143 Bolivia 4,960 131 Cape Verde 3,810 144 Fiji 4,880 132 Armenia 3,720 145 Swaziland 4,840 133 Timor-Leste 3,670 146 Indonesia 4,810 134 Kosovo 3,640 147 Moldova 4,510 f 135 El Salvador 3,580 148 Vanuatu 4,500 b 136 Ukraine 3,500 149 Philippines 4,400 137 Indonesia 3,420 150 Cape Verde 4,340 138 Guyana 3,410 151 Iraq 4,300 139 Micronesia, Fed. Sts. 3,310 153 Samoa 4,270 b 140 Paraguay 3,290 154 Micronesia, Fed. Sts. 4,090 b 141 Georgia 3,280 d 155 Nicaragua 3,960 b 142 Samoa 3,220 156 India 3,840 143 Mongolia 3,160 157 Honduras 3,820 b 144 Guatemala 3,140 158 Uzbekistan 3,750 b 145 Vanuatu 3,080 159 Congo, Rep. 3,510 146 Egypt, Arab Rep. 3,000 160 Vietnam 3,440 147 Morocco 2,950 e 161 Guyana 3,400 b 148 Sri Lanka 2,920 162 Kiribati 3,380 b 149 Swaziland 2,860 163 Pakistan 3,030
World Development Indicators database, World Bank, 23 September 2013 2
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Gross national income per capita 2012, Atlas method and PPP Purchasing Atlas power parity methodology (international Ranking Economy (US dollars) Ranking Economy dollars)
150 Syrian Arab Republic 2,610 a 165 Papua New Guinea 2,780 b 151 Congo, Rep. 2,550 166 Lao PDR 2,730 152 Philippines 2,470 167 Mauritania 2,520 154 Bhutan 2,420 168 Nigeria 2,420 155 Kiribati 2,260 169 Cambodia 2,360 156 Moldova 2,250 f 170 Yemen, Rep. 2,350 157 Bolivia 2,220 171 Cameroon 2,320 158 Honduras 2,070 172 Kyrgyz Republic 2,260 159 Papua New Guinea 1,790 173 Tajikistan 2,220 160 Uzbekistan 1,720 174 Lesotho 2,210 161 Nicaragua 1,650 175 Solomon Islands 2,170 b 162 Ghana 1,550 176 Bangladesh 2,070 164 India 1,530 177 Sudan 2,030 g 165 Sudan 1,450 g 178 Côte d'Ivoire 1,960 166 Nigeria 1,430 179 Ghana 1,940 167 Vietnam 1,400 180 Senegal 1,920 168 Lesotho 1,380 181 Gambia, The 1,860 169 Zambia 1,350 182 São Tomé and Principe 1,850 170 São Tomé and Principe 1,320 184 Kenya 1,760 171 Yemen, Rep. 1,270 185 Zambia 1,620 172 Lao PDR 1,260 186 Tanzania 1,590 h 172 Pakistan 1,260 187 Benin 1,570 174 Côte d'Ivoire 1,220 188 Burkina Faso 1,510 175 Cameroon 1,170 189 Nepal 1,500 176 Solomon Islands 1,130 190 Afghanistan 1,400 a 177 Mauritania 1,110 192 Sierra Leone 1,360 178 Senegal 1,040 193 Chad 1,320 179 Kyrgyz Republic 990 195 Rwanda 1,250 a 180 Cambodia 880 196 Haiti 1,240 182 Tajikistan 860 197 Comoros 1,230 183 Kenya 850 198 Guinea-Bissau 1,190 184 Bangladesh 840 199 Mali 1,160 184 Comoros 840 200 Ethiopia 1,140 186 Haiti 760 200 Uganda 1,140 187 Benin 750 203 Mozambique 1,020 188 Chad 740 204 Guinea 980 189 Nepal 700 205 Madagascar 950 190 Zimbabwe 680 206 Togo 920 191 Burkina Faso 670 207 Malawi 880 192 Mali 660 208 Central African Republic 860 193 South Sudan 650 209 Niger 650 194 Afghanistan 570 a 210 Liberia 600 194 Sierra Leone 580 211 Burundi 560 196 Rwanda 560 a 211 Eritrea 560 b 196 Tanzania 570 h 213 Congo, Dem. Rep. 370 198 Guinea-Bissau 550 199 Gambia, The 510 American Samoa .. 199 Mozambique 510 Andorra .. 202 Togo 500 Argentina .. 203 Central African Republic 490 Aruba .. 204 Guinea 460 Barbados .. 205 Eritrea 450 Bermuda .. 206 Uganda 440 Brunei Darussalam .. 207 Madagascar 430 Cayman Islands .. 208 Ethiopia 410 Channel Islands .. 209 Liberia 370 Cuba .. 209 Niger 370 Curaçao .. 211 Malawi 320 Djibouti .. 212 Burundi 240 Faeroe Islands .. 213 Congo, Dem. Rep. 220 French Polynesia .. Greenland .. American Samoa i Guam .. Andorra j Iran, Islamic Rep. .. Argentina i Isle of Man .. Aruba j Jamaica ..
World Development Indicators database, World Bank, 23 September 2013 3
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Gross national income per capita 2012, Atlas method and PPP Purchasing Atlas power parity methodology (international Ranking Economy (US dollars) Ranking Economy dollars) Barbados j Korea, Dem. Rep. .. Brunei Darussalam j Kosovo .. Cuba i Libya .. Curaçao j Liechtenstein .. Djibouti l Marshall Islands .. French Polynesia j Monaco .. Greenland j Myanmar .. Guam j New Caledonia .. Iran, Islamic Rep. i Northern Mariana Islands .. Korea, Dem. Rep. k Puerto Rico .. Libya i San Marino .. Myanmar k Sint Maarten (Dutch part) .. New Caledonia j Somalia .. Northern Mariana Islands j South Sudan .. Sint Maarten (Dutch part) j St. Martin (French part) .. Somalia k Turks and Caicos Islands .. St. Martin (French part) j Tuvalu .. Turks and Caicos Islands j Virgin Islands (U.S.) .. Virgin Islands (U.S.) j West Bank and Gaza .. West Bank and Gaza l Zimbabwe ..
World 10,012 World 12,116
Low income 584 Low income 1,387 Middle income 4,348 Middle income 7,194 Lower middle income 1,879 Lower middle income 3,913 Upper middle income 6,942 Upper middle income 10,639 Low & middle income 3,795 Low & middle income 6,335 East Asia & Pacific 4,846 East Asia & Pacific 7,788 Europe & Central Asia 6,636 Europe & Central Asia 11,856 Latin America & Caribbean 8,999 Latin America & Caribbean 12,008 Middle East & North Africa .. Middle East & North Africa .. South Asia 1,422 South Asia 3,534 Sub-Saharan Africa 1,345 Sub-Saharan Africa 2,247 High income 37,653 High income 37,868 Euro area 37,935 Euro area 36,262
.. Not available. PPP is purchasing power parity; an international dollar has the same purchasing power over GNI as a U.S. dollar has in the United States. Note: Rankings include all 214 World Bank Atlas economies, but only those with confirmed GNI per capita estimates or those that rank among the top twenty for the Atlas method are shown in rank order. Figures in italics are for 2011 or 2010. a. 2012 data not available; ranking is approximate. b. Based on regression; other PPP figures are extrapolated from the 2005 International Comparison Program benchmark estimates. c. Data are for the area controlled by the government of the Republic of Cyprus. d. Excludes Abkhazia and South Ossetia. e. Includes Former Spanish Sahara. f. Excludes Transnistria. g. Excludes South Sudan. h. Covers mainland Tanzania only. i. Estimated to be upper middle income ($4,086 to $12,615). j. Estimated to be high income ($12,616 or more). k. Estimated to be low income ($1,035 or less). l. Estimated to be lower middle income ($1,036 to $4,085).
World Development Indicators database, World Bank, 23 September 2013 4
18 ICL Financial Statemet 2012 (Draft for 2013 BOR, Nov. 2013)
ICL Budget for 2012 approved at 10th BOR/ICL, Nov. 2011 ICL Financial Statement 2012 (draft)
item Income Expenditure item Income Expenditure
Amount (US$) Amount (US$) Amount (US$) Amount (US$)
Income Income
Membership Fee 93,000.00 Membership Fee 91,000
Funding by UNESCO 5,000.00 Funding by UNESCO 7,000
Funding by IUGS 5,000.00 Funding by IUGS 5,000
Funding by MEXT-Japan(Teachig tool) 71,260
Royality 18,000.00 Royality 20,930.28
Balance brought forward Balance brought forward
(value from 2010 Financial Statement) 77,510.42 (value from 2011 Financial Statement) 60,824.64
Total Income 198,510.42 Total Income 256,014.92 19
Expenditure Expenditure
ICL Journal 17500Euro 25,241.13 ICL Journal 13,879.22
IPL funding 25,000.00 IPL funding 27,436.76
Edition of ICL Journal 6,000.00 Edition of ICL Journal 1,378.86
Meeting expenses 15,000.00 Meeting expenses 2,432.17
Committees (IPL-WCOE, School, Award) 5,000.00 Committees (Web, School, Award) 4,705.28
Secretariat costs (Emoluments, etc.) 35,000.00 Secretariat costs (Emoluments, etc.) 35,000.00
publication (ICL leaflet, etc.) 0.00 publication (ICL leaflet, etc.) 0.00
ICL publication mailing cost 700.00 mailing cost 1,025.71
Tax lawyer fee 1,500.00 Tax lawyer fee 2,188.70
Bank charges 2,100.00 Bank charges 2,332.61
NPO tax 913.50 NPO tax 712.60
Rental fee of ICL office 16,000.00 Rental fee of ICL office 15,973.20
Teaching tool (Mext-Japan) 71,260.00
Total expenditure (US$) 132,454.63 Total expenditure (US$) 178,325.11 D6 Total balance (US$) 66,055.79 Total balance (US$) 77,689.81
Rate for 2012Financial Statement: 1JPY = 0.01018 USD, 1 Eur = 1.32183USD (as of 1 Sept 2013) D7
ICL Budget for 2014 (Draft for 2013 BOR, Nov.2013)
ICL Budget for 2013 (approved at 11th BOR/ICL, Nov. 2012) ICL Budget for 2014 (draft)
item Income Expenditure item Income Expenditure
Amount (US$) Amount (US$) Amount (US$) Amount (US$)
Income Income
Membership Fee 99,500.00 Membership Fee 98,000.00
Funding by UNESCO 5,000.00 Funding by UNESCO 4,000.00
Funding by IUGS 5,000.00 Funding by IUGS 3,000.00
Royality 15,000.00 Royality 21,000.00
10% of WLF3 registration fee 14,000.00
Balance brought forward Balance brought forward
(value from 2011 Financial Statement) 60,824.64 (value from 2012 Financial Statement) 77,689.81
Total Income 185,324.64 Total Income 203,689.81 20
Expenditure Expenditure
ICL Journal 21,957.08 ICL Journal 14,000.00
IPL funding 22,000.00 IPL funding 27,000.00
Edition of ICL Journal 4,000.00 Edition of ICL Journal 2,000.00
Meeting expenses 10,000.00 Meeting expenses 8,000.00
Committees (IPL-WCOE, School, Award) 7,000.00 Committees (Web, School, Award) 15,000.00
Secretariat costs (Emoluments, etc.) 35,000.00 Secretariat costs (Emoluments, etc.) 35,000.00
publication (ICL leaflet, etc.) 0.00 publication (ICL leaflet, etc.) 0.00
ICL publication mailing cost 700.00 ICL publication mailing cost 700.00
Expense for WLF3 14,000.00
Tax lawyer fee 3,000.00 Tax lawyer fee 2,500.00
Bank charges 3,000.00 Bank charges 2,500.00
NPO tax 900.00 NPO tax 800.00
Rental fee of ICL office 16,000.00 Rental fee of ICL office 16,000.00
Total expenditure (US$) 123,557.08 Total expenditure (US$) 137,500.00
Total balance (US$) 61,767.56 Total balance (US$) 66,189.81 Rate for 2014 Budget for 2014: 1JPY = 0.01018 USD, 1 Eur = 1.32183USD (as of 1 Sept 2013) D7 D8
List of Ongoing ICL Networks
Network coordinator/ Document ICL Network Title Member organization coordinator(s)/deputy coordinator Coordinator: Proposal Snježana Mihalić Arbanas Croatian Landslide Group Members Adriatic-Balkan Network Co-coordinators: Progress (UNIRI-GF, UNIZG-RGNF) Željko Arbanas Report 2012 Biljana Abolmasov Proposal Coordinator: Irasema Alcántara-Ayala Members Latin America Network UNAM, Mexico Progress Deputy coordinator: Report 2012 Renato Eugenio de Lima Coordinator: Proposal KaoruTakara North-East Asia Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Members Deputy coordinators: Progress Network Kyoto University, Japan Sangjun Im Report 2012 Xiaochun Li Proposal Coordinator: Members Landslides Risk National Institute of Disaster Surya Parkash Progress Management Network Management, India Deputy coordinator: Report 2012 Dwikorita Karnawati Coordinator: Proposal Dwikorita Karnawati Members Capacity Development University Gadjah Mada, Indonesia Deputy coordinators: Progress Network Yin Yueping Report 2012 Irasema Alcántara-Ayala Coordinator: Proposal Wei Shan Landslides in Cold Members Northeast Forestry University, China Deputy coordinators: Progress Regions Network Alexander Strom Report 2012 Hideaki Marui
Proposal Landslides and Cultural Proposers: Members ISPRA, Italy and Charles University, & Natural Heritage Claudio Margottini Progress Czech Network Vit Vilimek Report 2012 Coordinator: Proposal Matjaž Mikoš Landslide Monitoring Members University of Ljubljana, Slovenia Deputy coordinators: Progress and Warning Network Hirotaka Ochiai Report 2012 Željko Arbanas Coordinator: South-East Asian ADPC, Gadjah Mada University, Proposal N.M.S.I. Arambepola Members Network for Landslide National Taiwan University, Slope Eng. Deputy Coordinators: Report 2012 Risk Management Branch, Public Work Dept. Malaysia Ko-Fei Liu
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Publication of ICL Journal Landslides
The publication of Landslides: Journal of International Consortium on Landslides is the core activity of ICL and it is the first IPL project, IPL-100. It was planned before the foundation of ICL, itself in 2002. It officially started at the First BOR meeting in November 2002. The first issue, Vol.1, No.1 was published in April 2004 as the first full color scientific journal in the world. It was quarterly journal, 4 times/year, and one issue is 80 pages. Total 430 pages. The number of pages was increased from 80, 100, and 120. Then, the journal was changed to bimonthly journal, 6 issues/year from 2012, this year. Namely 6x120=720 pages. However, many papers online publication are waiting for print. So we increased the page number /issue form 120 to 150 pages. No.1-No.5 is 684 pages and the total number of pages will be 840 pages. We have 54 papers online publication waiting for printing as of October 2013 as B: List of papers published online (waiting to print). We have to publish papers 170-180 pages/issue x 6=1020-1080 pages in 2014 to avoid so many waiting papers.
The number of citations of papers is steadily increasing. The impact factor which is the number of citation divided by the number of published papers is over 2.0 in these two years.
Impact Factor of Landslides
Year Impact Factor Citations*
2012 2.093 760
2011 2.216 535
2010 1.625 461
Editorial Flows. 1. Papers will be submitted from the author to “Editorial Manger (EM)” WEB of Springer. 2. Editor-in-Chief and Executive editors will examine those submitted papers whether pass to in-depth review or to reject without in-depth review by initial review of papers. This process will be conducted in discussion forum (examination of initial review and upload its opinion to EM and Skype video-meeting. 3. Assign each editor for each paper passing to in-depth review. 4. Editor will assign one or two reviewers. 5. Reviewers will submit review result (30 days) 6. Editor will draw recommendation based on the review results, either reject, major revision, minor revision or accept without revision. 7. In the case of Revision, author will submit his revised paper. The editor will be invited (normally same editor) and following the same process. 8. This process will be continued until accept with no revision, or reject. Not always editors, reviewers, even authors will respond as the schedule. So 1st, 2nd reminders will be sent to those automatically or manually. EM can not be full automatic.
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The number of contributed papers is increasing, but the number of editors, and reviewers are not increasing. The load is increasing. So we have to increase the number of reject without in-depth review. We call for editors who have one or maximum two papers on hand at the same time in the voluntary base. We call for executive editors who will have a quick review of all submit papers and submit his opinion of either reject or passing to in-depth review for each paper to EM.
Table of date for automatic or manual reminders for each process.
A: List of papers published in 2013
Volume 10, Issue 1, February 2013 Original Paper Effect of rock weathering, clay mineralogy, and geological structures in the formation of large landslide, a case study from Dumre Besei landslide, Lesser Himalaya Nepal Amar Deep Regmi, Kohki Yoshida, Megh Raj Dhital, Krishna Devkota Pages 1‐13 Effect of anisotropic conductivity on suction and reliability index of unsaturated slope exposed to uniform antecedent rainfall Khalid Mahmood, Jeong Ho Ryu, Jin Man Kim Pages 15‐22
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Empirical and analytical analyses of laboratory granular flows to investigate rock avalanche propagation Irene Manzella, Vincent Labiouse Pages 23‐36 Control of landslide retrogression by discontinuities: evidence by the integration of airborne‐ and ground‐based geophysical information J. Travelletti, J.‐P. Malet, K. Samyn, G. Grandjean, M. Jaboyedoff Pages 37‐54 A regional scale quantitative risk assessment for landslides: case of Kumluca watershed in Bartin, Turkey Arzu Erener, H. B. Sebnem Düzgün Pages 55‐73 Recent Landslides Precursors and triggers of an alpine rockslide in Japan: the 2004 partial collapse during a snow‐melting period Ryoko Nishii, Norikazu Matsuoka, Hiromu Daimaru, Masatsugu Yasuda Pages 75‐82 A recent, retrogressive, complex earthflow–earth slide at Cenes de la Vega, southern Spain Jesús Garrido, José Delgado Pages 83‐89 Technical Note Updating and tuning a regional‐scale landslide early warning system D. Lagomarsino, S. Segoni, R. Fanti, F. Catani Pages 91‐97 ICL/IPL Activities The First Meeting of ICL Landslides in Cold Regions Network, Harbin, 2012 Ying Guo, Paolo Canuti, Alexander Strom, Marui Hideaki, Wei Shan Pages 99‐102 The ICL Adriatic‐Balkan Network: analysis of current state and planned activities Snježana Mihalić Arbanas, Željko Arbanas, Biljana Abolmasov, Matjaž Mikoš… Pages 103‐109 World Landslide Forum 3 Pages 111‐117
Volume 10, Issue 2, April 2013 Preface from UNESCO Gretchen Kalonji (Assisitant Director‐Genearl Natural Science Sector) Page 119 Original Paper Development of a new translational and rotational slides prediction model in Langhe hills (north‐western Italy) and its application to the 2011 March landslide event D. Tiranti, D. Rabuffetti, A. Salandin, M. Tararbra Pages 121‐138 Kinematics and internal deformation of granular slopes: insights from discrete element modeling Zhina Liu, Hemin A. Koyi Pages 139‐160 Effect assessment of debris flow mitigation works based on numerical simulation by using Kanako 2D
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Jinfeng Liu, Kana Nakatani, Takahisa Mizuyama Pages 161‐173 Mapping landslide susceptibility with logistic regression, multiple adaptive regression splines, classification and regression trees, and maximum entropy methods: a comparative study Ángel M. Felicísimo, Aurora Cuartero, Juan Remondo, Elia Quirós Pages 175‐189 Movement of deep‐seated rainfall‐induced landslide at Hsiaolin Village during Typhoon Morakot Yu‐Shu Kuo, Yuan‐Jung Tsai, Yu‐Shiu Chen, Chjeng‐Lun Shieh, Kuniaki Miyamoto… Pages 191‐202 Displacement prediction in colluvial landslides, Three Gorges Reservoir, China Juan Du, Kunlong Yin, Suzanne Lacasse Pages 203‐218 Recent Landslides Rainfall‐triggered large landslides on 15 December 2005 in Van Canh District, Binh Dinh Province, Vietnam Do Minh Duc Pages 219‐230 Technical Note Satellite remote sensing‐based detection of the deformation of a reservoir bank slope in Laxiwa Hydropower Station, China Dexuan Zhang, Gonghui Wang, Tinjun Yang, Mingchu Zhang, Shihang Chen… Pages 231‐238
Volume 10, Issue 3, June 2013 Original Paper Towards hydrological triggering mechanisms of large deep‐seated landslides Roberta Prokešová, Alžbeta Medveďová, Petr Tábořík, Zora Snopková Pages 239‐254 A new slope mass rating in mountainous terrain, Jammu and Kashmir Himalayas: application of geophysical technique in slope stability studies R. P. Singh, C. S. Dubey, S. K. Singh, D. P. Shukla, B. K. Mishra… Pages 255‐265 How to assess landslide activity and intensity with Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI): the PSI‐based matrix approach Francesca Cigna, Silvia Bianchini, Nicola Casagli Pages 267‐283 Investigation of the 20 August 2005 fatal landslide at Fu Yung Shan Tsuen, Hong Kong K. K. S. Ho, P. A. Chao, T. M. F. Lau, S. De Silva Pages 285‐297 Glacial hazards in the Rolwaling valley of Nepal and numerical approach to predict potential outburst flood from glacial lake Badri Bhakta Shrestha, Hajime Nakagawa, Kenji Kawaike, Yasuyuki Baba… Pages 299‐313 Recent Landslides A slope failure caused by drainage cutoff through the advancement of seasonal frost, Hudson Bay Lowland D. P. van Zeyl, L. A. Penner, R. A. Halim Pages 315‐322 A deep‐seated landslide dam in the Siriu Reservoir (Curvature Carpathians, Romania)
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Mihai Micu, Dan Bălteanu Pages 323‐329 Technical Note Dynamic process analysis for the formation of Yangjiagou landslide‐dammed lake triggered by the Wenchuan earthquake, China Jia‐wen Zhou, Peng Cui, Hua Fang Pages 331‐342 Slope stabilization in difficult conditions: the case study of a debris slide in NW Italian Alps Giovanni Barla, Francesco Antolini, Marco Barla Pages 343‐355 ICL/IPL Activities 2012 Recipient of the ICL Varnes Medal: Dr. Rajendra Kumar Bhandari Kyoji Sassa, Željko Arbanas Pages 357‐360 Best Paper Award 2011 Željko Arbanas Pages 361‐362 World Landslide Forum 3 Pages 363‐372
Volume 10, Issue 4, August 2013 Original Paper Potential effects of incoming climate changes on the behaviour of slow active landslides in clay Luca Comegna, Luciano Picarelli, Edoardo Bucchignani, Paola Mercogliano Pages 373‐391 Dynamics and mass balance of the 2007 Cima Una rockfall (Eastern Alps, Italy) Alessia Viero, Sandro Furlanis, Cristina Squarzoni, Giordano Teza… Pages 393‐408 Terrestrial laser scanning for rockfall stability analysis in the cultural heritage site of Pitigliano (Italy) Riccardo Fanti, Giovanni Gigli, Luca Lombardi, Deodato Tapete, Paolo Canuti Pages 409‐420 Landslides triggered by slipping‐fault‐generated earthquake on a plateau: an example of the 14 April 2010, Ms 7.1, Yushu, China earthquake Chong Xu, Xiwei Xu, Guihua Yu Pages 421‐431 Influence of seismic acceleration on landslide susceptibility maps: a case study from NE Turkey (the Kelkit Valley) H. O. Das, H. Sonmez, C. Gokceoglu, H. A. Nefeslioglu Pages 433‐454 Seasonal movement and groundwater flow mechanism in an unsaturated saprolitic hillslope Anthony Kwan Leung, Charles Wang Wai Ng Pages 455‐467 Recent Landslides September, 2012 landslide events in Okhimath, India—an assessment of landslide consequences using very high resolution satellite data Tapas R. Martha, K. Vinod Kumar Pages 469‐479 Technical Note
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Application of analytical hierarchy process and least‐squares method for landslide susceptibility assessment along the Zhong‐Wu natural gas pipeline, China Fengshan Ma, Jie Wang, Renmao Yuan, Haijun Zhao, Jie Guo Pages 481‐492 First results derived from a drop‐tower testing system for granular flow in a microgravity environment Yu Huang, Wuwei Mao Pages 493‐501 Delineating and defining the boundaries of an active landslide in the rainforest of Puerto Rico using a combination of airborne and terrestrial LIDAR data Guoquan Wang, James Joyce, David Phillips, Ramesh Shrestha, William Carter Pages 503‐513 ICL/IPL Activities ICL/IPL activities in West Africa: landslide risk assessment and hazard mapping approach Ogbonnaya Igwe Pages 515‐521 World Landslide Forum 3 Pages 523‐527
Volume 10, Issue 5, October 2013 Original Paper Tier‐based approaches for landslide susceptibility assessment in Europe Andreas Günther, Paola Reichenbach, Jean‐Philippe Malet… Pages 529‐546 Objective definition of rainfall intensity–duration thresholds for the initiation of post‐fire debris flows in southern California Dennis M. Staley, Jason W. Kean, Susan H. Cannon, Kevin M. Schmidt… Pages 547‐562 Vulnerability assessment of reinforced concrete buildings subjected to seismically triggered slow‐moving earth slides S D Fotopoulou, K D Pitilakis Pages 563‐582 Regression analysis for seismic slope instability based on a double phase viscoplastic sliding model of the rigid block G. Grelle, F. M. Guadagno Pages 583‐597 Landslide management in the UK—the problem of managing hazards in a ‘low‐risk’ environment A. D. Gibson, M. G. Culshaw, C. Dashwood, C. V. L. Pennington Pages 599‐610 A multidisciplinary approach for rock spreading and block sliding investigation in the north‐western coast of Malta Matteo Mantovani, Stefano Devoto, Emanuele Forte, Arianna Mocnik… Pages 611‐622 Numerical runout simulation of debris avalanches in the Faroe Islands, North Atlantic Ocean Mads‐Peter J Dahl, Peter Gauer, Bjørn G Kalsnes, Lis E Mortensen… Pages 623‐631 Experimental study on cascading landslide dam failures by upstream flows Gordon G. D. Zhou, P. Cui, H. Y. Chen, X. H. Zhu, J. B. Tang, Q. C. Sun Pages 633‐643 A deep, stratigraphically and structurally controlled landslide: the case of Mount La Civita (Molise, Italy)
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Pietro P. C. Aucelli, Emilio Casciello, Massimo Cesarano… Pages 645‐656 Technical Note Determination of joint roughness coefficient (JRC) for slope stability analysis: a case study from the Gold Coast area, Australia Dong Hyun Kim, Ivan Gratchev, Aramugam Balasubramaniam Pages 657‐664 Decrease of size of hummocks with downstream distance in the rockslide‐debris avalanche deposit at Iriga volcano, Philippines: similarities with Japanese avalanches Hidetsugu Yoshida Pages 665‐672 Recent Landslides Tumbi Landslide, Papua New Guinea: rainfall induced? Joanne C. Robbins, Michael G. Petterson, Ken Mylne, Joseph O. Espi Pages 673‐684
B: List of papars published online (waiting to print) Original Papers: 1. Landslide consequence analysis: a region‐scale indicator‐based methodology A. Puissant, M. Van Den Eeckhaut, J.‐P. Malet, O. Maquaire 2. Quantitative hazard and risk assessment for slow‐moving landslides from Persistent Scatterer Interferometry Ping Lu, Filippo Catani, Veronica Tofani, Nicola Casagli 3. The “Boscobel Landslip” of October 1st, 1901—the largest historic landslide in Barbados, West Indies David Cruden, Hans G. Machel, John Knox, Richard Goddard 4. Integrated geophysical and morphostratigraphic approach to investigate a coseismic (?) translational slide responsible for the destruction of the Montclús village (Spanish Pyrenees) M. Zarroca, R. Linares, C. Roqué, J. Rosell, F. Gutiérrez 5. Forward logistic regression for earth‐flow landslide susceptibility assessment in the Platani river basin (southern Sicily, Italy) Dario Costanzo, José Chacón, Christian Conoscenti, Clemente Irigaray… 6. Rainfall thresholds for debris flow initiation in the Wenchuan earthquake‐stricken area, southwestern China Wei Zhou, Chuan Tang 7. Development of a methodological approach for the accurate measurement of slope changes due to landslides, using digital photogrammetry A. González‐Díez, G. Fernández‐Maroto, M. W. Doughty, J. R. Díaz de Terán… 8. Integration of a limit‐equilibrium model into a landslide early warning system Benni Thiebes, Rainer Bell, Thomas Glade, Stefan Jäger, Julia Mayer… 9. Long‐traveling landslides in deep snow conditions induced by the 2011 Nagano Prefecture earthquake, Japan
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Shintaro Yamasaki, Hidehisa Nagata, Takayuki Kawaguchi 10. Characteristics of landslides in western Colorado, USA Netra R. Regmi, John R. Giardino, John D. Vitek 11. New Cadanav methodology for quantitative rock fall hazard assessment and zoning at the local scale Jacopo M. Abbruzzese, Vincent Labiouse 12. Integrating intensity–duration‐based rainfall threshold and antecedent rainfall‐based probability estimate towards generating early warning for rainfall‐induced landslides in parts of the Garhwal Himalaya, India John Mathew, D. Giri Babu, S. Kundu, K. Vinod Kumar, C. C. Pant 13. 3D ground model development for an active landslide in Lias mudrocks using geophysical, remote sensing and geotechnical methods A. J. Merritt, J. E. Chambers, W. Murphy, P. B. Wilkinson, L. J. West… 14.Probabilistic landslide hazard assessment using Copula modeling technique Manouchehr Motamedi, Robert Y. Liang 15 Three (nearly) complete inventories of landslides triggered by the May 12, 2008 Wenchuan Mw 7.9 earthquake of China and their spatial distribution statistical analysis Chong Xu, Xiwei Xu, Xin Yao, Fuchu Dai 16. Formation, failure, and consequences of the Xiaolin landslide dam, triggered by extreme rainfall from Typhoon Morakot, Taiwan Chun‐Hung Wu, Su‐Chin Chen, Zheng‐Yi Feng 17. Improving mass‐wasting inventories by incorporating debris flow topographic signatures N. J. Lyons, H. Mitasova, K. W. Wegmann 18. Seasonal effects of rainfall on the shallow pyroclastic deposits of the Campania region (southern Italy) Leonardo Cascini, Giuseppe Sorbino, Sabatino Cuomo, Settimio Ferlisi 19. A new theoretical method for analyzing confined dry granular flows Gordon G. D. Zhou, Charles W. W. Ng, Q. C. Sun 20. The application of an innovative inverse model for understanding and predicting landslide movements (Salazie cirque landslides, Reunion Island) Pierre Belle, Bertrand Aunay, Séverine Bernardie, Gilles Grandjean… 21. Regional landslide susceptibility zoning with considering the aggregation of landslide points and the weights of factors Xueliang Wang, Luqing Zhang, Sijing Wang, Serena Lari 22. Landslide susceptibility mapping using GIS‐based multi‐criteria decision analysis, support vector machines, and logistic regression Taskin Kavzoglu, Emrehan Kutlug Sahin, Ismail Colkesen 23. Application of expert rules in indirect approaches for landslide susceptibility assessment Yannick Thiery, Olivier Maquaire, Mathieu Fressard
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24. The Cascade rock avalanche: implications of a very large Alpine Fault‐triggered failure, New Zealand N. C. Barth 25. Assessing landslide exposure in areas with limited landslide information Roberta Pellicani, Cees J. Van Westen, Giuseppe Spilotro 26. Spatial quick‐clay predictions using multi‐criteria evaluation in SW Sweden M. A. Persson, R. L. Stevens, Å. Lemoine 27. Centrifuge model test study on pile reinforcement behavior of cohesive soil slopes under earthquake conditions Liping P. Wang, Ga Zhang 28. A deep‐seated slow movement controlled by structural setting in marly formations of Central Italy Vincenzo Grana, Paolo Tommasi 29. A comparison of logistic regression‐based models of susceptibility to landslides in western Colorado, USA Netra R. Regmi, John R. Giardino, Eric V. McDonald, John D. Vitek 30. DInSAR analysis of ALOS PALSAR images for the assessment of very slow landslides: the Tena Valley case study Juan Carlos García‐Davalillo, Gerardo Herrera, Davide Notti, Tazio Strozzi… 31. Deriving landslide dam geometry from remote sensing images for the rapid assessment of critical parameters related to dam‐breach hazards Jia‐Jyun Dong, Po‐Jung Lai, Chung‐Pai Chang, Sheng‐Hsueh Yang, Keh‐Chia Yeh… 32. Terrestrial laser scanner and geomechanical surveys for the rapid evaluation of rock fall susceptibility scenarios Giovanni Gigli, Stefano Morelli, Simone Fornera, Nicola Casagli 33. 2D viscoplastic finite element modelling of slow landslides: the Portalet case study (Spain) J. A. Fernández‐Merodo, J. C. García‐Davalillo, G. Herrera, P. Mira… 34. Analysis of a progressive slope failure in the Xiangjiaba reservoir area, Southwest China Ling Xu, Fuchu Dai, Jian Chen, Javed Iqbal, Yongxin Qu 35. Reinforced concrete shafts for the structural mitigation of large deep‐seated landslides: an experience from the Macesnik and the Slano blato landslides (Slovenia) Boštjan Pulko, Bojan Majes, Matjaž Mikoš 36. Mechanisms of failure on terraced slopes: the Valtellina case (northern Italy) Corrado A. S. Camera, Tiziana Apuani, Marco Masetti 37. Hummocks: how they form and how they evolve in rockslide‐debris avalanches E. M. R. Paguican, B. van Wyk de Vries, A. M. F. Lagmay 38. Debris‐flow simulations on Cheekye River, British Columbia Matthias Jakob, Scott McDougall, Hamish Weatherly, Neil Ripley
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39. Application of infrared thermography for mapping open fractures in deep‐seated rockslides and unstable cliffs Ivo Baroň, David Bečkovský, Lumír Míča 40. Inception of debris avalanches: remarks on geomechanical modelling L. Cascini, S. Cuomo, M. Pastor 41. Geomechanical interpretation of the Downie Slide considering field data and three‐dimensional numerical modelling K. S. Kalenchuk, D. J. Hutchinson, M. S. Diederichs 42. Advanced seismic slope stability analysis Mihail Garevski, Zeljko Zugic, Vlatko Sesov 43. Evaluation of the consistency of landslide susceptibility mapping: a case study from the Kankai watershed in east Nepal Prabin Kayastha, Megh Raj Dhital, Florimond De Smedt 44. Comparison of debris‐flow volumes from burned and unburned areas Paul M. Santi, Luca Morandi 45. GIS‐based statistical analysis of the spatial distribution of earthquake‐induced landslides in the island of Lefkada, Ionian Islands, Greece George Papathanassiou, Sotiris Valkaniotis, Athanassios Ganas… 46. Deterministic estimation of hydrological thresholds for shallow landslide initiation and slope stability models: case study from the Somma‐Vesuvius area of southern Italy P. De Vita, E. Napolitano, J. W. Godt, R. L. Baum
Technical Notes: 47. Landslide at Su‐Hua Highway 115.9k triggered by Typhoon Megi in Taiwan Chia‐Ming Lo, Ching‐Fang Lee, Hsien‐Ter Chou, Ming‐Lang Lin 48. Flow slides run‐out prediction using a sliding‐consolidation model S. F. Qiao, C. R. I. Clayton 49. A stable reference frame for landslide monitoring using GPS in the Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands region Guoquan Wang, Timothy J. Kearns, Jiangbo Yu, Gabriel Saenz 50. 3‐D geomechanical rock mass characterization for the evaluation of rockslide susceptibility scenarios G. Gigli, W. Frodella, F. Garfagnoli, S. Morelli, F. Mugnai, F. Menna… 51. The Gradenbach Observatory—monitoring deep‐seated gravitational slope deformation by geodetic, hydrological, and seismological methods E. Brückl, F. K. Brunner, E. Lang, S. Mertl, M. Müller, U. Stary 52. A loess landslide induced by excavation and rainfall Jun‐Jie Wang, Yue Liang, Hui‐Ping Zhang, Yang Wu, Xin Lin
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Review Article: 53. Morphological analysis of deep‐seated gravitational slope deformation (DSGSD) in the western part of the Argentera massif. A morpho‐tectonic control? H. Jomard, Th. Lebourg, Y. Guglielmi
Recent Landslides: 54. Slope movements induced by rainfalls damaging an urban area: the Catanzaro case study (Calabria, southern Italy) L. Antronico, L. Borrelli, R. Coscarelli, A. A. Pasqua, O. Petrucci, G. Gullà
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Best Paper Award for ICL Journal Landslides (Vol.9, 2012)
Two papers were recommended as the best paper awards for Landslides (Vol.9) by the best subcommittee of the ICL Award Committee.
1. Nomination Citation for 2012 Best Paper Award “Canelles landslide: modelling rapid drawdown and fast potential sliding” by N.M. Pinyol, E.E. Alonso, J. Corominas and J. Moya (Vol. 9, No 1)
The Canelles Landslide is large (40 Mm3) reactivated landslide on the south bank of the Canelles reservoir (Spain) in summer 2006. The papers presents very detailed sensitive and comprehensive analysis of landslide geological setting, landslide mechanism and conditions those caused landslide reactivation. Based on recorded data of reservoir water levels, piezometric measurements and laboratory test results indicated that the cause of the sliding was the high water pressure that remained within the low permeability of the present Garumnian clayey layer in combination with the absence of the stabilizing effect of reservoir water due to drawdown. It was concluded that the rapid drawdown is a complex problem which integrates unloading of the reservoir’s water weight, soil deformation and water flow under saturated/unsaturated conditions. The analyses of pore pressure distribution in the slope related to the piezometric records and reservoir elevation were carried out using FEM code solving coupled flow/deformation problem in saturated/unsaturated media. Landslide stability expressed by safety factor were analyzed for two critical drawdown events in September 2005 and August 2006. The risk of the rapid sliding has been analyzed and the problem has been solved taking into consideration the thermo-hydro-mechanical effects. The risk of landslide acceleration has been analyzed taking into account the drop of effective shear strength due to thermally induced pore water pressure at the sliding surface. The filling of reservoir has been simulated for several displacement increments. The award was proposed for the comprehensive analysis of the landslide mechanism and casual conditions so as coupled analysis of soil deformation and water flow under saturated/unsaturated conditions; the fluent text and the clarity of the figures; and for the overall scientific approach in a landslide studying.
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2. Nomination Citation for 2012 Best Paper Award “Numerical modeling of debris avalanche propagation from collapse of volcanic edifices” by R. Sosio, G.B. Crosta and O. Hungr (Vol. 9, No 3).
The Best Paper Award for Landslides, Volume 9, 2012, was given to Rosanna Sisio and Giovanni Batista Crosta from the Department of Geological and Geotechnical Sciences, University degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Italy, and to Oldrich Hungr from the Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia (Canada) for their excellent paper, “Numerical modeling of debris avalanche propagation from collapse of volcanic edifices ” (2012, Volume 9, Number 3, pp. 335-348). This paper describes results of the numerical modeling of one of the most hazardous and destructive types of large-scale slope failures – debris avalanches caused by collapse of volcanic edifices. Based on the thorough analysis and simulation of seven well-known case studies, both historical and prehistoric – the Socompa, the Iriga, the Shiveluch, the Llullaillaco, the Mombacho, the Pacaya and the St. Helens volcanic debris avalanches, authors investigated the applicability of a quasi-3D model, widely applied to reproduce non-volcanic rock and debris avalanches for these events differing from other types of large-scale catastrophic slope failures. They performed the analysis considering three variable basal rheologies – frictional, Voellmy and plastic, none of which capture the whole set of volcanic debris avalanches morphological characteristics, and analyzed how variability of the input data affects modeling results. The latter is critically important, because it predetermines the applicability of the obtained results for the prediction of debris avalanches spreading and, thus, for hazard and risk assessment. Paper is very well illustrated, clearly written and presents an important step for better understanding of mechanisms of large-scale debris avalanche spreading.
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Officers of ICL
1. Current Officers of ICL President: Paolo Canuti (Professor Emeritus, University of Firenze, Italy) Vice Presidents: Kaoru Takara (Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University, Japan) Yueping Yin (China Institute of Geo-environmental Monitoring, China Geological Survey) Claudio Margottini (National Institute for the Protection and Environmental Research (ISPRA), Italy) Irasema Alcantara-Ayala (Institute of Geography, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico) Executive Director: Kyoji Sassa (ICL, Prof. Emeritus, Kyoto University, Japan) Treasurer: Hirotaka Ochiai (Forestry and Forest Product Research Institute, Japan) ICL WEB Moderator: Teuku Faisal Fathani (Gadjah Madah University, Indonesia) Committee Chairs: Chair of the Award Committee: Peter Lyttle (U.S. Geological Survey, USA) Chair of the best paper subcommittee: Luciano Picarelli (Seconda Univ. di Napoli, Italy) Chair of ICL Network Committee: Snjezana Mihalić-Arbanas (Zagreb University, Croatia) Coordinators of regional and thematic networks ICL Adriatic-Balkan Network: Snježana Mihalić-Arbanas ICL Latin-American Network: Irasema Alcántara-Ayala ICL North-East Asia Network: KaoruTakara ICL South East Asian Network: N.M.S.I. Arambepola ICL Landslides Risk Management Network: Surya Parkash ICL Capacity Development Network: Dwikorita Karnawati ICL Landslides in Cold Regions Network: Wei Shan ICL Landslides and Cultural & Natural Heritage Network: Claudio Margottini ICL Landslide Monitoring and Warning Network: Matjaž Mikoš Advisors: Senior Adviser: Salvano Briceno (ICL, Venezuela/France) Technical Advisor: Wolfgang Eder (ICL, Germany) Language Advisor: Mauri McSaveney (GNS Science, New Zealand)
2. New Officers President and less than three vice presidents for the next term will be elected by the ICL Statutes and Bylaws. ICL Coordinator of the World Reports on Landslides will be called. He will coordinate promotion of contribution of reports in cooperation with ICL network (Chair: Snjezana Mihalić-Arbanas) and upload them in cooperation with ICL Web Moderator, Faisal Fathani.
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3. ICL - STATUTES XII:OFFICERS
20. The Officers of ICL shall consist of the President and Vice Presidents, the Executive Director,
the Treasurer and the Immediate Past President. They shall meet and communicate as often as
is deemed necessary. a) The President of ICL shall preside at all meetings of the General Assembly, the Board of Representatives and the Steering Committee and shall perform such other duties and exercise such other powers as shall be assigned by the Board of Representatives. b) The Vice Presidents shall assist the President and in his absence preside at meetings and exercise the powers of the President in his place. c) The Executive Director, except as otherwise provided by the Board of Representatives, shall be the chief executive officer of the Consortium and execute contracts and agreements with external parties on behalf of ICL. The Executive Director, upon the approval of the Steering Committee, may appoint secretaries, working groups or committees to assist in carrying out the business of the Consortium. d) The Treasurer, in accordance with the financial regulations to be developed, approved by the Board of Representatives and set out in the Bylaws, shall collect and receive and have charge and custody of the funds and securities of the Consortium. The accounts of the Consortium shall be prepared at the end of each calendar year and submitted by the Treasurer to the Board of Representatives after having been audited by two authorized auditors appointed by the Board of Representatives. e) Election and Terms of Office The President and Vice Presidents shall be elected by the Board of Representatives, in accordance with the Bylaws, and hold office for a term of three years, beginning from January 1st of the year following the ordinary meeting of the Board of Representatives at which he or she has been elected. The President and Vice Presidents may be re-elected but may not hold the same office for more than two consecutive terms. The Executive Director and Treasurer shall each be recommended by the President and the Vice Presidents and approved by the Board of Representatives. They shall hold office for three calendar years beginning from January 1st of the year following the meeting of the Board of Representatives at which they have been approved. The Executive Director and the Treasurer may each be re-elected for no more than three consecutive terms.
4. ICL-Bylaws
5. Election of Officers defined by XII: Officers, Article 20 are: 1) President shall be elected by a quorum of the Board of Representatives with a simple majority of votes cast. 2) Vice presidents shall be recommended by the nominating committee, the latter consists of five individuals who shall be approved by the Board of Representatives.
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ICL Landslide Teaching Tools
Aims and Background
ICL was established by adopting its statutes in January 2002. It was registered as a legal body (No.1300-05-005237) under the Japanese law in the Kyoto Prefectural Government, Japan in August 2002. ICL established the UNITWIN (University Twining and Networking) Cooperation Programme on Landslide risk mitigation for society and the environment with UNESCO and Kyoto University in March 2003. The UNITWIN Headquarters Building was constructed by ICL and Kyoto University at Kyoto University Uji Campus in September 2004. The teaching-tool activities and meetings to create it were conducted at the UNITWIN Headquarters Building. The ICL Strategic Plan 2012-2021 was reported in the Preface of Landslides, Vol.9, No.2, 2012. In the ICL Strategic Plan for 2012-2021, ICL identifies seven action plans to meet the challenges of the next decade. Among these, preparing landslide teaching tools was planned to strengthen capacity development.
Outline of the Teaching Tools
The cover page of the book “ICL Landslide Teaching Tools” and The outline of the teaching tools in the 1st edition of the Landslide Teaching Toolbox was shown in Fig. 1.
Figure 1 Coverpage (left) and Outline (right) of the ICL Landslide Teaching Tools
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Copyright and Responsibility for each teaching tool ICL called for contributions and compiled the accepted teaching tools. Copyright and responsibility for the content of each tool lies with its contributing organization. Each tool may be updated by the contributing organization.
Content of the teaching tool The Teaching Toolbox contains five parts: 1) Mapping and Site Prediction, 2) Monitoring and Early Warning, 3) Testing and Numerical Simulation, 4) Risk Management and Others, 5) Country Practices and Case Studies
Types of the teaching tool The Teaching Toolbox contains three types of tools. 1) The first type is TXT-tools consisting of original texts with figures. 2) The second type are PDF-tools consisting of already published reference papers, manuals, guidelines, laws, codes and others. They are on the accompanying CD as .pdf files. 3) The third type are PPT-tools consisting of Powerpoint® files made for lectures. They are saved in DVD.
Table 1 shows the contents of the text book and Table 2 shows the contents of PDF and PPT tools.
Identifiers used for each tool The identifier of each tool consists of three parts: 1) the number of the part of the tool box in which it appears (Parts 1 to 5); 2) the country telephone code and an assigned unique number for each contributing organization (for example 081-1 signifies Japan-ICL headquarters, and 081-3 signifies Japan Erosion and Sediment Control Department, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism); 3) the last part of the identifier is a consecutive number assigned to the teaching tool by its contributing organization.
Usage and Application of Tools
In order to effectively use these teaching tools, strong regional and thematic networks for landslide risk reduction are very important. Strong networks are also necessary if ICL is to broaden its scope and societal impact in a thematic, institutional and geographic manner and enhance international cooperation and capitalize on synergies with other international organizations and programs. ICL has initiated 9 networks which are developing into strong, effective networks.
Thematic networks 1) Capacity Development Network, 2) Landslide Risk Management Network
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3) Landslides in Cold Regions, 4) Landslides and Cultural & Natural Heritage Network 5) Landslide Monitoring and Warning Network
Regional networks 1) Adriatic-Balkan Network, 2) North-East Asian Network 3) Latin American Network, 4) South-East Asian Network
Thus, ICL requests the cooperation with these networks and their activities. One of the key activities for the networks is capacity development using the landslide teaching tools. Any entities and individuals involved in mitigating landslide disasters are cordially invited to join in these new initiatives of ICL to create regional networks and teaching tools.
Version Update and Future Direction
The initial ICL Landslide Teaching Tools were introduced in this article. The TXT tools, PDF tools and PPT tools are explained, respectively. The first edition of the Teaching Toolbox will be circulated to ICL members and ICL supporting members as well as the contributing organizations listed below. ICL will call for modifications, updates and new contributions from members. The further improvement will be done based on this with the contribution from all members of the ICL networks. During the ICL Board of Representative meetings on 18-22 November 2013, an update of the 1st edition will be discussed. The 2nd edition of the toolbox is planned to present in the World Landslide Forum 3 on 2-6 June 2014 in Beijing, China. Those who are willing to contribute to ICL Teaching Tool Box are invited to attend the side event of WLF3 “D2 Landslide teaching tools” to be held in the lunch time session (12:30-14:00) on 6 June 2014 in the Beijing National Convention Center, Beijing, China.
Acknowledgments
The ICL Landslide Teaching Tool project was decided by the ICL Strategic Plan 2012-2022 to create a safer geoenvironment. This initial activities were supported by the UNESCO activity supporting fund of the Director-General Office for International Affairs of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan. The project is supported by the Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development Programme (SATREPS) of the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). This initiative is a part of the International Programme on Landslides (IPL) which is jointly established by ICL, UNESCO, WMO, FAO, UNISDR, UNU, ICSU, WFEO and IUGS by 2006 Tokyo Action Plan. The ICL teaching tools contribute to the UNESCO’s UNITWIN (University Twinning and Networking) Cooperation Programme “Landslide and Water-Related Disaster Risk Management for Society and the Environment” implemented by UNESCO, Kyoto University and ICL.
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References Sassa, K. (2012) ICL strategic plan 2012-2021 -To create a safer geoenvironment. Landslides, Vol.9, No.2, 155-164. Sassa, K., He B., McSaveny M., Nagai O. (2013) ICL Landslide Teaching Tools. ISBN: 978-4-9903382-2-0. ICL Press, 405 pages.
Table 1 Contents of the Book
Part 1. Mapping and Site Prediction TXT-tool 1.081-2.1 Landslide topography mapping through aerial photo interpretation Interpreting topography from a historical perspective - A case study of a tropical deeply TXT-tool 1.081-2.2 weathered region Abstracting unstable slopes (landslide topography) using aerial photos and topographic maps: TXT-tool 1.081-2.3 Concept and frameworks Risk Evaluation using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) – Introduction to the process TXT-tool 1.081-2.4 concept TXT-tool 1.886-1.1 Landslide Susceptibility Map TXT-tool 1.886-1.2 Potential debris flow torrent investigation methods Part 2. Monitoring and Early Warning TXT-tool 2.062-1.1 A Landslide Monitoring and Early Warning System TXT-tool 2.062-1.2 A Monitoring and Early Warning System for Debris Flows in Rivers on Volcanoes TXT-tool 2.081-1.1 Key Points in Field Work for Landslide Engineers TXT-tool 2.385-1.1 Landslide Comprehensive Monitoring System: The Grohovo Landslide Case Study, Croatia
TXT-tool 2.385-1.2 A Comprehensive Landslide Monitoring System: The Kostanjek Landslide, Croatia TXT-tool 2.886-1.1 Guidelines for Landslide Monitoring Systems TXT-tool 2.886-1.2 Debris Flow Monitoring Guidelines TXT-tool 2.886-1.3 Early warning criteria for debris flows and their application in Taiwan Part 3. Testing and Numerical Simulation TXT-tool 3.081-1.1 Landslide Initiation Mechanism TXT-tool 3.081-1.2 Landslide Dynamics TXT-tool 3.886-1.1 Introduction to Debris-2D – A Debris Flow Simulation Program Part 4. Risk Management and Others TXT-tool 4.062-1.1 A Socio-Technical Approach for Landslide Mitigation and Risk Reduction TXT-tool 4.062-1.2 Community Hazard Maps for Landslide Risk Reduction TXT-tool 4.066-1.1 Community-based Landslide Risk Management Approaches TXT-tool 4.084-1.1 Soil Slope Stability Analysis TXT-tool 4.886-1.1 Taiwan Typhoon Loss Assessment System (TLAS Taiwan) Web Tool TXT-tool 4.886-1.2 Emergency Post-landslide Disaster Documentation Part 5. Country Practices and Case Studies
TXT-tool 5.084-1.1 Landslide Vulnerability Assessment: A Case Study of Backan Town, Northeast Vietnam
TXT-tool 5.886-1.1 Procedures for Constructing Disaster Evacuation Maps: Guidelines and Standards
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TXT-tool 5.886-1.2 Ecological Countermeasure Guidelines and Case Histories in Taiwan Appendix: Abstract of all PDF tool and PPT tools
Table 2 Contents of the PDF and PPT tools Part 1. Mapping and Site Prediction Field guide for the identification and assessment of Landslide and Erosion features and hazards PDF-tool 1.064-1.1 affecting pipelines (88 pages) PPT-tool 1.039-1.1 Remote Sensing data and methodology for event landslide recognition and mapping (30 pages) PPT-tool 1.064-1.1 Landslides in New Zealand – identifying the hazard (50 pages) PPT-tool 1.064-1.2 Earthquake-Induced landslides in New Zealand (40 pages) PPT-tool 1.064-1.3 Probabilistic landslide hazard, North Island, New Zealand (54 pages) PPT-tool 1.886-1.1 Construct a Landslide Susceptibility Map (54 pages) PPT-tool 1.886-1.2 Potential debris flow torrent investigation method (41 pages) Part 2. Monitoring and Early Warning PDF-tool 2.091-1.1 Status of Landslide Monitoring in India (10 pages) PPT-tool 2.039-1.1 Italian National Landslide Warning System (29 pages) PPT-tool 2.062-1.1 Landslide Monitoring and Early Warning System (31 pages) PPT-tool 2.062-1.2 Monitoring and Early Warning System for Debris Flows in Rivers on Volcanoes (37 pages)
PPT-tool 2.886-1.1 Landslide Monitoring System Guidelines (39 pages) Part 3. Testing and Numerical Simulation PDF-tool 3.081-1.1 Manual for ICL-1 - a Transportable Ring Shear Apparatus (46 pages) PDF-tool 3.081-1.2 Manual for the LS-RAPID software (43 pages) Undrained dynamic- loading ring shear apparatus and its application to landslide dynamics (13 PDF-tool 3.081-1.3 pages) Dynamic properties of earthquake induced large-scale rapid landslides within past landslide PDF-tool 3.081-1.4 masses (10 pages) An integrated model simulating the initiation and motion of earthquake and rain induced rapid PDF-tool 3.081-1.5 landslides and its application to the 2006 Leyte landslide (18 pages) A hypothesis of the Senoumi submarine megaslide in Suruga Bay in Japan - based on the PDF-tool 3.081-1.6 undrained dynamic-loading ring shear tests and computer simulation (17 pages) PPT-tool 3.039-1.1 Landslide Hazards and Risk Assessment (52 pages) PPT-tool 3.039-1.2 Probabilistic approach to physically based landslide modeling (29 pages) PPT-tool 3.039-1.3 Landslide-related WPS services (46 pages) Advanced 2D Slope stability Analysis by LEM by SSAP software: a full freeware tool for PPT-tool 3.039-1.4 teaching and scientific community (52 pages) PPT-tool 3.064-1.1 Numerical analysis of slopes (53 pages) PPT-tool 3.886-1.1 Debris-2D Tutorial (43 pages) Part 4. Risk Management and Others PDF-tool 4.091-1.1 Guidelines for Landslides Management in India (190 pages) PDF-tool 4.091-1.2 Training Module on Comprehensive Landslide Risk Management (304 pages). PDF-tool 4.091-1.3 Community-based Landslide Risk Reduction (24 pages) Definition and Use of Empirical Rainfall Thresholds for Possible Landslide Occurrence (39 PPT-tool 4.039-1.1 pages) PPT-tool 4.039-1.2 Landslide Risk to the Population of Italy (37 pages)
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PPT-tool 4.062-1.1 Socio-Technical Approach for Landslide Mitigation and Risk Reduction (10 pages) PPT-tool 4.062-1.2 Community Hazard Maps for Landslide Risk Reduction (10 pages) PPT-tool 4.064-1.1 Case History: The 1979 Abbotsford Landslide, Dunedin, New Zealand (37 pages) PPT-tool 4.064-1.2 Qualitative landslide risk assessment in New Zealand (30 pages) PPT-tool 4.064-1.3 Quantitative landslide risk assessment in New Zealand (30 pages) PPT-tool 4.064-1.4 Three Recent GNS Science Landslide Responses (28 pages) PPT-tool 4.064-1.5 Case study – Utiku Landslide, central North Island, New Zealand (27 pages) PPT-tool 4.064-1.6 What are Landslides in New Zealand? ( 36 pages) Quantifying the benefits for floodplain management of targeted reforestation of landslide-prone PPT-tool 4.064-1.7 terrain in New Zealand (23 pages) Course on Landslide Disaster Risk Reduction for Local Government Level Stakeholders ( 416 PPT-tool 4.066-1.1 pages) PPT-tool 4.886-1.1 Typhoon Loss Assessment System (TLAS) Taiwan Web Tool ( 8 pages) PPT-tool 4.886-1.2 Assessment Social Impact of debris flow disaster by Social Vulnerability Index ( 17 pages)
Part 5. Country Practices and Case Studies
PDF-tool 5.001-1.1 The Landslide Handbook: A Guide To Understanding Landslides (60 pages) Guidelines for assessing planning policy and consent requirements for landslide prone land ( 78 PDF-tool 5.064-1.1 pages) PDF-tool 5.064-1.2 Shut happens - Building hazard resilience for businesses in NZ ( 9 pages) Working from the same page consistent messages for CDEM: PART B: Hazard-specific PDF-tool 5.064-1.3 information – Landslides (14 pages) Japanese Laws, Codes, Guideline and Standard Procedure in regarding to disaster Prevention PDF-tool 5.081-3.1 and Risk reduction in Japan (874 pages) PPT-tool 5.886-1.1 Tutorial: Procedures for Constructing Disaster Evacuation Maps (56 pages)
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World Reports on Landslides
The web page of World Reports on Landslides was created in IPL WEB. It aims to collect wide and various level of reports on landslides, paper, proceedings, reports, introduction on landslides as a kind of database. The necessay informaiton is Landslide Case Identifier, Authors, Postion of landslides, the type, material, speed and other information basically following the Varnes classifiction on Landslides, and other information such as photos, maps, monitoring or testing data and those data sources. The web has been made. But reports have not yet contributed. In order to develop ICL initiative of this Wordl Reports on Landslides, ICL Coordinator of the World Reports on Landslides is very much wanted from ICL members.
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Instruction to Authors (Version:11 July 2013) Invitation: Landslide experts of ICL and colleagues are invited to contribute landslide cases over the world to “World Reports on Landslides” in IPL WEB http://www.iplhq.org/. The reports may be used for research and capacity development in landslide risk reduction activities with the United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR). This instruction provide explanation of items in “Data Sheet for World Report on Landslides”.
1. Landslide Case Identifier (LCI): Each registered landslide case has its own Identifier number. Number consists of three letter country code (ISO 3166-1 alpha-3) and year/date/time of submission. Example: JPN1103092130 WEB of country code: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1_alpha-3
2. Location of landslides Unit of latitude and longitude is degree/minute/second. Please find the latitude and longitude of your reporting landslide by the google earth. The unit may be changed from degree to degree/minute/second by tool.
3. Authors: Office and Address are necessary to identify the authors. e-mail is not always necessary.
4. Landslide Types: Types of materials and movements are illustrated in the Landslide Handbook – A Guide to Understanding Landslides (USGS Circular 1325) sponsored by the International Consortium on Landslides (ICL) as an activity of International Programme on Landslides (IPL M106)． The major content is compiled as ICL Landslide Teaaching Tools: PDF-tool 5.001-1.1 uploaded in this IPL WEB.
1) Type of material: rock, debris, earth, complex, unknown Please select one involved material. If two or more materials are involved, please select complex in addition to involved types of materials, such as complex (rock and debris) 2) Type of movement : fall, topple, slide, spread, flow, complex, unknown Please select one type of movement. If two or more different type of movements are involved, please select complex in addition to involved types of movements, such as complex (slide and flow) 3) Velocity: extremely rapid, very rapid, rapid, moderate, slow, very slow and extremely slow, unknown Please select one velocity range which you estimate or gues as the maximum speed of reporting landslide.
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Class Velocity (mm/sec) Other velocity units Description
7 5×103 or more 5 m /sec or greater Extremely rapid
6 5×101 ~ 5×103 3 m/min ~5 m/sec Very rapid
5 5×10-1 ~ 5×101 1.8 m/hr ~ 3m/min Rapid
4 5×10-3 ~ 5×10-1 13 m/month ~1.8 m/hr Moderate
3 5×10-5 ~ 5×10-3 1.6m/year ~13 m/month Slow
2 5×10-7 ~ 5×10-5 16 mm/year ~1.6 m/year Very slow
-7 Extremely slow 1 5×10 or less 1.6 mm/year or less
Note: Type of movements are classified as fall, topple, slide, spread, flow. The International Geotechnical Societies’s UNESCO Working Party for Landslide Inventory succeeded by IUGS Working group on Landslides has established the landslide classification during the United Nations Internationl Decade for Nautral Disaster Reduction (IDNDR:1990-1999). It was published below. Cruden D.M., VARNES D. J. (1996) - Landslide types and processes. In: Turner A.K.; Shuster R.L. (eds) Landslides: Investigation and Mitigation. Transp Res Board, Spec Rep 247, pp 36–75. It was introduced in many media and publication. You may refer the WIKIPEDIA as one of source. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landslide_classification
The Landslide Handbook – A Guide to Understanding Landslides (ICL Landslide Teaaching Tools: PDF-tool 5.001-1.1) includes the terminology of avalanche. The type of Avalanche is not included in this reporting form following the agreed classification during IDNDR. Avalanche will be classified as flow or slide. Please write the precise explanation of the landslide in the part of desicription with photo and figures. This classification is for the aim of search.
4) Slope: Extremely steep, very steep, steep, moderate, gentle, very gentle and almost flat, unknown. Please select one range of slope which you measured or guessed for the case.
Class Slope Angle (degree) Description
7 50 or more Extremely steep
6 40 ― 50 Very steep
5 30 ― 40 Steep
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4 20 ― 30 Moderate
3 10 ― 20 Gentle
2 5 ― 10 Very gentle
1 5 or less Almost flat
5) Depth: extremely deep, very deep, deep, moderate, shallow, very shallow, extremely shallow, unknown Please select one depth range which you measured, esitmated or guessed for the reporting landslide.
Class Depth (m) Description
7 500 or more Extremely deep
6 100 – 500 Very deep
5 50 – 100 Deep
4 20 ― 50 Deep- Moderate
3 5 – 20 Moderate-shallow
2 1.0 – 5 Shallow
1 1.0 or less Surficial
6) Volume: extremely large, very large, large, large- moderate, moderate-small, small, very small, unknown Please select one volume ranges which youesitmated or guessed for the reporting landslide.
Class Vol ume (m 3) Description
7 108 or more Extremely large
6 107 ― 108 Very Large
5 106 ― 107 Large
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4 105 ― 106 Large- Moderate
3 104 ― 105 Moderate-Small
2 103 ― 104 Small
1 103 or less Very Small
5. Activities 1) Date of occurrence: Day ( ) Month ( ) Year ( ) 2) Others : currently active, active in the past, unknown If, the landslide is moving slowly or repeatedly move, it can be classified, currently active. The date is not indentified, but if the landslide is sure to have moved in the past from the topography etc, it is active in the past. Please write the state of activity in the following box.
6. Triggering factors: rainfall, earthquake, snow melting, erosion, human activities, reainfall & earthquake, human activities & rainfall, human activities & earthquake, others, unknown Please select one or more triggers.
7. Damage 1) Death(s) & missing 2) Houses and other topical damages 3) Economical loss if the economical loss is estimated.
8. Keywords: Please write any key words which characterize the landslide (Max 6)
9. Description Please describe this landslide (less than 30 lines)
10. Source documents (Reference) Please write the source of this information (papers, reports or web) of this landslide case (less than 5)
11. Attached information. Please attach the most important information/document in pdf if available, such as photo, map, figures or a short paper. Data sheet and your attached information will be uploaded in the World Report of Landslides within IPL web.
47 D15 Edition of World Landslide Forum Book
The proceedings of WLF3 papers are edited and formatted in type-set as 3 volumes of full color Books of WLF3. It will be published by Springer both in hard copy and in digital copy. Assigned the ISBN and Indexed in CPSCI (Conference Proceedings Science Index). Vol.1 will be distributed to all participants within the registration fee. Vol.2 and Vol.3 will be distributed to participants who will order it in a discounted price. Each corresponding author may receive one copy of Vol.2 or/and Vol.3 free of charge in which his paper is published.
Landslide Science for a Safer Geoenvironment Proceedings of the Third World Landslide Forum Editors: Kyoji Sassa, Yueping Yin, Paolo Canuti
Foreword from UNESCO Ms Irina Bokova, Director-General, UNESCO
Foreword from UNISDR Ms Margareta Wahlström, Special Representative of the United Nations Secretary-General for Disaster Risk Reduction, UNISDR
Preface from Editors
1. Vol.1 International Programme on Landslides Plenary Lectures “Progress in Landslide Science” Runqiu HUANG (National Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards Environment Protection, China) Progress in Large-scale Landslide Studies in China Farrokh NADIM (International Centre for Geohazards (ICG), Norway) Progress in Living with landslide risk in Europe Rex BAUM (U.S. Geological Survey, USA) Progress in Regional landslide hazard assessment Kyoji SASSA (International Consortium on Landslides, Japan) Progress in Landslide Dynamics Papers for Special sessions A1 International Programme on Landslides A2 Thematic and Regional Networks on Landslides A3 Policy, Legislation and Guidelines on Landslides A4 Climate & Landuse Change Impacts on Landslides A5 Recognition and Mechanics of Landslide A6 Risk Controlling On Landslides for Key Facilities and Urbanization A7 General Landslide Studies A8 Building Resilient Landscapes Selected papers from D1 Student session, D2 Landslide Teaching tools, D3 Dialogues on country landslide issues, D4 SATREPS project “Development of landslide risk assessment technology in Viet Nam”, and D5 Inter-graduate school program for sustainable development and survivable societies (GSS), Kyoto university.
2. Vol.2 Methods of Landslide Studies Papers for Parallel Session B B1 Physical Modeling and Material Testing B2 Application of Numerical Modeling Techniques to Landslides B3 Remote Sensing Techniques for Landslide Mapping and Monitoring
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B4 Hazard Mapping B5 Monitoring, Prediction and Warning of Landslides B6 Risk Assessment B7 Remedial Measures & Prevention Works B8 Risk Reduction Strategy B9 Inventory and Database B10 Capacity Development for Landslide Mitigation
3. Vol.3 Targeted Landslides Papers for Parallel Session C C1 Debris Flows C2 Rock-Slope Instability and Failure C3 Earthquake-Induced Landslides C4 Rain-Induced Landslides C5 Landslides in Cultural/Natural Heritage Sites C6 Urban Landslides C7 Landslides in Cold Regions C8 Landslide in Coastal and Submarine Environments C9 Natural Dams and Landslides in Reservoirs
Parallel Sessions and the number of submitted full papers
487 abstracts were submitted by 15 June 2013 through the web: www.wlf3.org. The initial deadline of full paper submission was 31 August 2013, it was postponed to 31 October 2013. The list of parallel sessions, conveners, corresponding session editor and the number of received full papers by 31 October 2013 is presented in Table 1. 346 full papers were received by 31 October 2013. Those are now reviewed and edited by session editors in cooperation with the International Editorial Committee. All accepted papers by session editors are compiled into 3 volume of books after final examination by the International Editorial Committee and sent to Springer for publication.
The monocolor proceedings of photo offset print will be published in China. It will include the papers received later than 31 October 2013 and also new papers submitted by 1 March 2014.
Table 1 List of parallel sessions, conveners, editors and submitted full papers E-mail to Conveners Number of ID Conveners and Corresponding Received Full Session Editor Papers
Total number: 346 A. SPECIAL SESSIONS INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMME ON [email protected] LANDSLIDES A1 12 Badaoui ROUHBAN, Matjaž MIKOŠ, Matjaž MIKOŠ Irasema ALCANTARA-AYALA, Xiaochun LI THEMATIC AND REGIONAL NETWORKS ON [email protected] LANDSLIDES A2 4 Kaoru TAKARA, NMSI ARAMBEPOLA, Snjezana MIHALIĆ Renato de LIMA, Snjezana MIHALIĆ ARBANAS ARBANAS POLICY, LEGISLATION AND GUIDELINES ON [email protected] A3 LANDSLIDES 4 Salvano BRICENO, Peter BOBROWSKY, Che Sálvano Briceño
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HASSANDI, See-Sew GUE CLIMATE & LANDUSE CHANGE IMPACTS ON [email protected] LANDSLIDES A4 Vit VILIMEK, Juergen KROPP, Wolfgang EDER, 10 Jerome V. De GRAFF, Srikantha HERATH, Mike Vit VILIMEK WINTER RECOGNITION AND MECHANICS OF [email protected] LANDSLIDE A5 15 Luciano PICARELLI, Runqiu HUANG, Luciano PICARELLI Biljana ABOLMASOV RISK CONTROLLING ON LANDSLIDES FOR [email protected] KEY FACILITIES AND URBANIZATION A6 Yueping YIN, Leonardo CASCINI, Ikuo TOWHATA Yueping YIN
GENERAL LANDSLIDE STUDIES [email protected] 20 A7 Peter BOBROWSKY Peter BOBROWSKY
BUILDING RESILIENT LANDSCAPES Socio-economic, political and environmental [email protected] A8 dimensions in landslide risk reduction Thomas HOFER Thomas HOFER B. SESSIONS FOR METHODS AND CASE STUDIES PHYSICAL MODELING AND MATERIAL [email protected] TESTING B1 25 Binod TIWARI, Baoping WEN, Binod TIWARI Yasuhiko OKADA, Virajh DIAS APPLICATION OF NUMERICAL MODELING [email protected] TECHNIQUES TO LANDSLIDES B2 12 Marc-Andre BRIDEAU, Ko-Fei LIU, Marc-Andre BRIDEAU Giovanni BARLA, Akihiko WAKAI REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUES FOR [email protected] LANDSLIDE MAPPING AND MONITORING B3 16 Vern SINGHROY, Yang HONG, Vern SINGHROY Javier HERVAS, Nicola CASAGLI HAZARD MAPPING [email protected] B4 Rex BAUM, Toyohiko MIYAGI, 24 Rex BAUM Saro LEE, Oleksandr M. TROFYMCHUK MONITORING, PREDICTION AND WARNING [email protected] OF LANDSLIDES B5 Željko ARBANAS, Byung-Gon CHAE, Paolo 21 TOMMASI, Željko ARBANAS Ziaoddin SHOAEI, Faisal FATHANI RISK ASSESSMENT [email protected] B6 Huabin Wang, Rejean COUTURE, Jordi 8 COROMINAS, Huabin Wang Cees Van WESTEN, Hormoz MODARESSI REMEDIAL MEASURES & PREVENTION [email protected] WORKS B7 9 Rolf KATZENBACH, Sebastian Fischer, Sebastian Fischer Mihail POPESCU, Kiril ANGELOV,
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RISK REDUCTION STRATEGY [email protected] B8 Farrokh NADIM , Surya PARKASH, Thomas GLADE, 4 Farrokh NADIM Irasema ALCANTARA-AYALA, S. H. TABATABAEI INVENTORY AND DATABASE [email protected] Snježana MIHALIĆ ARBANAS, Candan B9 Snježana MIHALIĆ 13 GOKCEOGLU, ARBANAS Marko KOMAC Gabriel LEGORRETA PAULIN CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT FOR LANDSLIDE [email protected] MITIGATION B10 5 Dwikorita KARNAWATI, NMSI ARAMBEPOLA, Alexander STROM Alexander STROM, Kaoru TAKARA, Surya PARKASH C. SESSIONS FOR TARGETED LANDSLIDES DEBRIS FLOWS [email protected] C1 Peng CUI, Giovanni CROSTA, Giovanni CROSTA 16 Ko-Fei Liu, Leonardo CASCINI Ko-Fei Liu ROCK-SLOPE INSTABILITY AND FAILURE [email protected] C2 Simon LOEW, Mauri MCSAVENEY, Michel 14 Jan KLIMEŠ JABOYEDOFF, Jan KLIMEŠ, Baolin WANG EARTHQUAKE-INDUCED LANDSLIDES [email protected] C3 Kazuo KONAGAI, Hideaki MARUI, Mohammadreza 19 Kazuo KONAGAI MAHDAVIFAR, Gabrielle SCRASCIA-MUGNOZZA RAIN-INDUCED LANDSLIDES [email protected] C4 Jose CEPEDA, Hiroshi FUKUOKA, 25 Pasquale Lino VERSACE, Renato de LIMA, Hirotaka Jose CEPEDA OCHIAI, Fausto GUZZETTI LANDSLIDES IN CULTURAL/NATURAL [email protected] HERITAGE SITES C5 7 Claudio MARGOTTINI, Vit VILIMEK, Jan VLCKO Jan VLCKO, Filippo CATANI URBAN LANDSLIDES [email protected] C6 Jose Chacon, Shu-hei MAK, Rejean COUTURE 9 Valentina SVALOVA, Raul CARRENO (Igwe Jose Chacon OGBONNAYA LANDSLIDES IN COLD REGIONS [email protected] C7 Ying GUO, Mariana LEIBMAN, 15 Ying GUO Marten GEERTSEMA, Sumio MATSUURA LANDSLIDE IN COASTAL AND SUBMARINE [email protected] ENVIRONMENTS C8 8 Michael STRASSER, Yasuhiro YAMADA, Michael STRASSER Roger URGELES, Yonggang JIA NATURAL DAMS AND LANDSLIDES IN [email protected] RESERVOIRS C9 15 Alexander STROM, Fawu WANG, Alexander STROM Hans Balder HAVENITH
D. SIDE EVENTS
STUDENT SESSION [email protected]
D1 Bin HE, Hongjian LIAO, Sangjun IM, Oleg ZERKAL, Bin HE Chunjiao WANG, Dwikorita KARNAWATI
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LANDSLIDE TEACHING TOOLS [email protected]
Kyoji SASSA, Ko-Fei LIU, NMSI ARAMBEPOLA, D2 Kyoji SASSA Fausto GUZZETTI, Osamu NAGAI, Bin HE DIALOGUES ON COUNTRY LANDSLIDE [email protected] ISSUES D3 NMSI ARAMBEPOLA, Srikantha HERATH, Hiromitsu NMSI ARAMBEPOLA YAMAGISHI EVELINE,S. DIOP 16 SATREPS PROJECT “DEVELOPMENT OF LANDSLIDE RISK ASSESSMENT [email protected] D4 TECHNOLOGY IN VIET NAM” Kyoji SASSA, Van Tien DINH, Toyohiko MIYAGI, Kyoji SASSA irotaka OCHIAI, Do Minh DUC INTER-GRADUATE SCHOOL PROGRAM FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND [email protected] SURVIVABLE SOCIETIES (GSS), KYOTO D5 UNIVERSITY Kaoru TAKARA, Hiroshi FUKUOKA, Badaoui Kaoru TAKARA ROUHBAN, Hendy Setiawan
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Strategic Discussion to Strengthen IPL Networking and Partnerships 13:30-17:00 on 21 November 2013
Chairs: Hans van Ginkel (Former Rector of UNU, Chair of High Level Panel Discussion), Neil Mcfarlane (Chief, Regional Programmes and DRR Coordination, UNISDR) Badaoui Rouhban (IPL Advisor, Special Adviser to the Assistant Director-General for Natural Sciences of UNESCO) Kyoji Sassa (ICL Executive Director, Director of IPL World Centre)
Programme 13:30-14:00 Opening Welcome to ICL and IPL Conference, Kyoto, 2013. Kyoji Sassa, Executive Director of ICL and Director of IPL World Centre Greetings Hideaki Maruyama, Director, Office for Disaster Reduction Research, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), advisor of IPL World Centre Atsushi Okamoto, Director, Earthquake and Volcanic Disaster Management Office, Sabo Department, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT), advisor of IPL World Centre Neil Mcfarlane, Chief, Regional Programmes and DRR Coordination of the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR) Giuseppe Arduino, Programme Specialist, Division of Water Sciences of the United Naions Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Hiroshi Nagano, Program Officer, Program for the Promotion of International Policy Dialogues Contributing to the Development of Science and Technology Diplomacy, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
14:00-14:45 Initial Input for Discussion WCDR 3 in 2015 Neil Mcfarlane (UNISDR): Plan of the Third United Nations World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction, Sendai, Japan, in 14-18 March, 2015. Programmes and Initiatives possibly linking to IPL Programmes and Initiatives in Japan Atsushi Okamoto (MLIT): Landslide and debris flow disaster management in Japan Toshitsugu Fujii (Program Officer, Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development (SATREPS) of the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) : SATREPS UNESCO Programmes and Initiatives Giuseppe Arduino: International Hydrological Programme (IHP)
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Kristine Tovmasyan (Programme specialist, Cross-Cutting Thematic Unit on Disaster Risk Reduction): Disaster Reduction activities of UNESCO. UNESCO-IUGS Programme. Marko Komac (Vice President of the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS)) and Giuseppe Arduino: International Geoscience Programme (IGCP) ICSU Programme in partnership with UNISDR and International Social Science Council (ISSC) Salvano Briceno (Vice Chair of Science Committee of the Integrated Research on Disaster Risk (IRDR) ): IRDR
14:45-15:00 Break
15:00-16:30 Strategic Discussion All participants are invited to contribute to the planning the 2014 Beijing Declaration and examine the IPL Partnership 2015-2024. Yueping Yin (China Geological Survey) The establishment on the nation-level system of geohzd mitigation from 2011 to 2020” that includes Survey & risk assessment system, Monitoring and Warning system, Emergency response system and Comprehensive prevention system. Do Minh Duc (VNU University of Science, a member of IPCC from Vietnam). Impact of climate change on large landslides.
16:30-17:00 Closing Remarks for the Strategic Discussion Neil Mcfarlane from (UNISDR) Hideaki Maruyama from Japan, (MEXT) Summary of the discussion result on the 2014 Beijing Declaration and 2015 Sendai Partnership (tentative) Hans van Ginkel (Chair), Toward the 2014 WLF3 in Beijing and 2015WCDR in Sendai
First Draft The 2014 Beijing Declaration
Strengthening International Networking and Partnerships in Science and Technology with regard to Landslides to Develop a Safer Geoenvironment in support of the United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction
The Third World Landslide Forum was convened in Beijing, China on 2-6 June 2014 by the International Consortium on Landslides (ICL), the International Programme on Landslides (IPL), the China Geological
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Survey with the support of other organizations and entities. The Forum provided the third opportunity to examine, on a global scale, how scientific knowledge and technical know-how can be further applied to policy-making and practice for landslide disaster risk reduction and resilience building in the world. This declaration is an outcome of the Forum.
“Landslides” pose considerable risks to humankind. They threaten the lives of people and their livestock, destroying buildings, transportation networks, ‘life-lines’, communities, land-use systems, agricultural production, as well as cultural and natural heritage. Landslides impact heavily on the livelihoods of many people, their food security and economic situation. It is a fact that it is often the poorest people who are most seriously affected by these dramatic events.
“Landslides” are a complex natural phenomenon that can be caused by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, heavy and sustained rainfall (typhoons, hurricanes), heavy snowmelt, sometimes exacerbated by unregulated anthropogenic developments such as road and railway construction, mining, and others. Understanding landslides requires an integrated, multi-disciplinary approach, including contributions from different natural, social and engineering sciences, focusing on problems of earth and water.
Global Climate Change is expected to increasingly affect the frequency and extent of heavy rainfall at local and regional level. Combined effects of seismic/volcanic activities and human adverse activities together with rainfall, associated with a rise in the vulnerability of the human and physical environment, are increasing landslide risk in the world, especially in mountainous and coastal areas with heavy rainfall or/and in earthquake-prone developing countries.
Participants in the Third World Landslide Forum and panellists in the Forum high-level panel discussion have assessed the activities developed and implemented following the 2006 Tokyo Action Plan, the 2008 Tokyo Declaration, and 2012 ICL Strategic Plan 2012-2021 and committed to pursue their further implementation. They agreed on an initiative to further strengthen International Networking and Partnerships in Science and Technology with regard to landslides to create a safer Geo-Environment in support of UNISDR. The organization of a dedicated session at the Third United Nations World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction (WCDRR) to take place in Sendai, Japan, March 2015 and the related follow-up activities in the post-2015 framework for disaster risk reduction will help to achieve the goals of the UNISDR.
A Call The International Consortium on Landslides (ICL) and partners of the International Programme on Landslides (IPL) including the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNISDR), the United Nations University (UNU), the International Council for Science (ICSU), the World Federation of Engineering Organizations (WFEO) and
55 D16 the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS), invite related international programmes and initiatives from natural sciences (earth sciences and water sciences), engineering sciences, human and social sciences, and governmental and non-governmental programmes to promote science and technology and their applications for landslide risk mitigation and to support this initiative by joining the International Networking and Partnerships aimed at enhancing capacities, in particular in the developing world, to reduce risk and vulnerabilities and build resilience related with landslides, and contribute to a Safer Geo-Environment in support of UNISDR .
An image of output of proposed IPL session/conference in/around 3rd WCDRR 2015 in Sendai, Japan
(Image of an output of IPL Session/Conference in 2015) IPL SENDAI PARTNERSHIPS 2015-2024 Landslide Disaster Risk Reduction for a Safer Geoenvironment
The Third United Nations World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction” will be organized in Sendai, Japan on 14-18 March 2015. The ICL organized a thematic session 3.8 New International Initiative for Research and Risk Mitigation of Floods (IFI) and Landslides (IPL) in the Second United Nations World Conference on Disaster Reduction in Kobe, 18-22 January 2005. “Letter of Intent” aiming to provide a platform for a holistic approach in research and learning on ‘Integrated Earth system risk analysis and sustainable disaster management’ was agreed and approved by UNESCO, WMO, FAO, UNISDR, UNU, ICSU and WFEO. It contributed to 2006 Tokyo Action Plan creating the current IPL. IPL may review the first activities from the Action Plan and examine how to develop IPL in the coming decade at the opportunity of 3rd UNWCDR. One option will be to strengthen partnership within relevant international, national, governmental and non-governmental programmes and initiatives to reduce landslide disaster risk. We may discuss what is important in the coming decade and to which we should cooperate. The following is an image of output.
This partnership aims to strengthen networking and partnerships in science and technology to reduce landslide disaster risk to develop a safer Geoenvironment 2015-2024.
Acknowledging Climate change shall intensify the landslide disaster risk in frequency and magnitude of heavy rainfall, or shift the location and the period of heavy rainfall and pose different level of impact to slopes subject to landslides. Development of mountains and coastal areas, construction of road and railways, expansion of urban area due to population shift shall increase the landslide disaster risk. Strong earthquakes are not frequent, but its disaster can be very big by creating large scale landslides and landslide-induced tsunami. Combined effect of two triggering factors of rainfall and earthquakes shall load greater impact on landslides.
Following the 2014 Beijing Declaration output of the Third World Landslide Forum and the IPL thematic session in the Third WCDR 2015 in Sendai, Japan, we have agreed to strengthen partnerships within relevant international, national, government al and non-governmental programmes and initiatives to reduce landslide disaster risk. The initial topics of cooperation in research are;
Development of early warning technology of landslides with one step higher precision and reliable prediction both in time and location especially under climate change.
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Development of hazard mapping, vulnerability and risk assessment with one step higher precision and reliability. Development of new stage of technologies of monitoring, testing, analyzing, simulating for early warning and hazard mapping. New initiatives are needed to study landslide research frontier which is not yet studied including, Effect of climate change on large-scale landslides and debris flow; Prediction of localized rainfall for early warning in developing countries; Mechanism and dynamics of submarine landslides during earthquakes; Geotechnical study of catastrophic megaslide in the order of some hundred meters to one thousand meter depth. Initial Partners:
A, B, C, D, ------
The International Programme on Landslides (IPL) is a joint programme managed by the IPL Global Promotion Committee consisting ICL, UNESCO, WMO, FAO, UNISDR, UNU, ICSU, WFEO and IUGS. It was established by the 2006 Tokyo Action Plan “Strengthening research and learning on landslides and related earth system disasters for global risk preparedness” adopted in the round table discussion held at the United Nations University in 18th -20th January 2006. International Programme on Landslides Secretariat: IPL World Centre at ICL Kyoto office, 138-1 Tanaka Asukai-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8226, Japan : http://iplhq.org, Email: [email protected]
The output of IPL session held in the United Nations World Conference on Disaster Reduction (WCDR 2) in Kobe, 2005 was the Letter of Intent which was signed by Director-Generals of UNESCO, WMO, FAO, UNISDR, UNU, ICSU and WFEO. This letter of Intent was followed by the 2006 Tokyo Action Plan, which founded the current IPL jointly managed by ICL and seven global stakeholders above. This image of the 2015 Sendai Partnership is coming from the Letter of Intent, output of WCDR 2 in Kobe, Japan in 2005 in the next page.
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List of Ongoing WCoEs 2011-2014
No Title Leader Country, Institution
Canadian Landslide Loss Risk Reduction Peter Geological Survey of Canada 1. Strategy and Implementation Bobrowsky Canada Annual Report 2012
Risk Assessment and Disaster Mitigation Code for Long Run-out China Geological Survey 2. Yueping Yin Landslides China Annual Report 2012
Scientific research for landslide risk analysis and international education for Charles University, Faculty of 3. Vit Vilimek mitigation and preparedness Science, Czech Republic Annual Report 2012
Training, Research and Documentation Surya National Institute of Disaster 4. on Landslides Risk Management Parkash Management, India Annual Report 2012
Development of Community-based and Most Adaptive Technology for Landslide Dwikorita Universitas Gadjah Mada 5. Risk Reduction Karnawati Indonesia Annual Report 2012
Research on landslide risk management harmonisation in support to European Joint Research Centre, European 6. Javier Hervás Union policy making Commission, Italy Annual Report 2012
Advanced Technologies for Landslides N. Casagli, Department of Earth Science, 7. Annual Report 2012 F. Catani University of Florence, Italy
Development of a methodology for risk reduction of earthquake-induced The Japan Landslide Society, 8. Keizo Ugai landslides Japan Annual Report 2012
Risk identification and land-use Niigata University, Institute for planning for disaster mitigation of 9. Hideaki Marui Natural Hazards and Disaster landslides Recovery, Japan Annual Report 2012
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Landslide monitoring and community Irasema National Autonomous University of 10. based early warning systems Alcántara- Mexico Annual Report 2012 Ayala
Research on mitigation of landslide risk Farrokh International Centre for 11. and training of specialists Nadim Geohazards, Norway Annual Report 2012
Inst. of Geospheres Dynamics of Annual Summer School on Rockslides Alexander Russian Academy of Sciences & 12. and Related Phenomena in Kyrgyzstan Strom Kyrgyz Institute of Seismology, Annual Report 2012 Russia and Kyrgyz
Mechanisms of landslides in over- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of 13. consolidated clays and flysch Bojan Majes Civil and Geodetic Engineering Annual Report 2012
Promoting Knowledge, Innovations and Institutions with South-South focus Asian Disaster Preparedness N.S.M.I. 14. through a Regional network of Landslide Center Arambepola Risk Reduction Thailand Annual Report 2012
Scientific Research for Landslide Hazard U.S. Geological Survey Landslide 15. Analysis, U.S. Geological survey Peter Lyttle Programme Annual Report 2012
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List of Application for WCOE 2014-2017
Country/ Leader/ Proposed No Short Title Region Contact Person Organization
Formation mechanism research, Research Center of Cold 1 China Wei Shan disaster warning, and universal Regions Landslide education of Cold Regions Landslide
Scientific research for mitigation, WANG Min/YIN 2 China preparedness and risk assessment of China Geological Survey Yueping landslides
Željko Arbanas/ Landslide Risk Reduction in the 3 Croatia Snježana Mihalić Adriatic-Balkan Region through the Croatian Landslide Group Arbanas Regional Cooperation
Institute of Rock Structure Landslide risk assessment and and Mechanics Czech Czech 4 Josef Stemberk development guidelines for effective Academy of Sciences & Republic risk reduction Charles University, Faculty of Science
Nicola Department of Earth Advanced Technologies for 5 Italy Casagli/Veronica Sciences, University of LandSlides (ATLaS) Tofani Florence
Emergency Response Support The Japan Landslide 6 Japan Daisuke Higaki System for Large-scale Landslide Society (JLS) Disasters
Niigata University, Risk identification and land-use Research Institute for 7 Japan Hideaki Marui planning for disaster mitigation of Natural Hazards and landslides Disaster Recovery
Che Hassandi Slopes Engineering Implementation of National Slope 8 Malaysia Abdullah/ Branch, Public Works Master Plan Loretta Nihol Department of Malaysia
Building human capacities and Department of Geology, 9 Nigeria Ogbonnaya Igwe expertise in landslide disaster risk University of Nigeria, management Nsukka
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Landslide modeling, monitoring, Sergeev Institute of Svalova 10 Russia advanced technology development Environmental Geoscience Valentina and risk reduction RAS (IEG RAS)
Geodynamics Research Center branch of JSC International Summer School on "Hydroproject Institute" & Rockslides and Related Phenomena 11 Russia Alexander Strom Institute of Seismology of in the Kokomeren River Valley, Tien National Academy of Shan, Kyrgyzstan Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic University of Ljubljana, Mechanisms of landslides and creep Faculty of Civil and 12 Slovenia Ana Petkovšek in over-consolidated clays and flysch Geodetic Engineering (UL FGG)
Nihal Developing model policy frameworks, Central Engineering 13 Sri Lanka Rupasinghe standards, and guidelines Consultancy Bureau
Scientific research for landslide risk Department of Civil Chinese Liang-Jenq Leu/ 14 analysis, modeling, mitigation and Engineering, National Taipei Ko-Fei Liu education Taiwan University
“Promoting Knowledge, Innovations and Institutions with Asian Disaster N.M.S.I. South-South focus through a 15 Thailand Preparedness Arambepola Regional network of Landslide Risk Center(ADPC), Reduction in Changing Climate Scenario in Asia”
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Application Form for World Centre of Excellence on Landslide Risk Reduction
1. Name of Organization Research Center of Cold Regions Landslide
2. Name of Leader Wei Shan(Coordinator of ICL Landslides in Cold Regions Network, Professor of Northeast Forestry University, China) Affiliation: position Northeast Forestry University (NEFU), Harbin, China. Contact: postal address, fax, phone, email Add:No.26 Hexing Road, Harbin, China. P.C.:150040 Contact: Tel/Fax: +86 (0)451 8219 1477, E-mail: [email protected] Core members of the activities
Names/Affiliations: (4 individuals maximum) Marui Hideaki /Research Institute for Natural Hazards and Disaster Recovery, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan. Stephan Gruber / Geography and Environmental Studies Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada. Marina Leibman/ Earth Cryosphere Institute SB RAS, Tyumen, Russia. Vít Vilímek/Scientific Council of the Geography Section Charles University, Prague ,Czech. 3. Date of Submission of Application Sep.30th. 2013
4. Activity scale and targeted region. 1) Global 5. Short Title Formation mechanism research, disaster warning, and universal education of Cold Regions Landslide 6. Objectives for the initial 3 years: The relationship between permafrost distribution and geological, geomorphologic conditions in different cold regions of the world. The methods of landslide analysis and monitoring in cold regions. Comparative study of landslide typical case in cold regions.
Association for Disaster Prevention Research UNITWIN Headquarters Building 138-1 Tanaka-Asukai cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto University Uji Campus Kyoto 606-8226, Japan Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan Tel:+81 (75) 723 0640, Fax:+81(75) 950 0910 Tel: +81( 774 ) 38 4834, Fax: +81 (774) 38 4019 [email protected], URL: http://www.iplhq.org/
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7. Background Justification: During the past 100 years, the global climate is changing and the geological disasters caused by it are growing. In the high-altitude permafrost regions, the degradation rate of glacier is accelerating, On the other hand, in the high-latitude permafrost regions, With permafrost degradation, the Southern boundary of permafrost is moving Northward gradually. Many new geological problems are emerging with phenomena of permafrost degradation and extreme weather. Because repeated freeze-thaw cycle and the melting of surface and shallow slope, the geological disasters such as mountain collapse, mud-rock flow, and landslide are growing. All of above not only drastically changed the local geological and environmental conditions, but also caused huge losses to human lives and property, and threatened the security of local. 8. Resources available for WCoE activities This research center was based on Northeast Forestry University in China, and cold region landslide network(CRLN-ICL) in ICL. Every core members of it both is in a related research institutions of geological hazards in cold region, both of them had funding and research experiences and research results of cold region landslide. Some members are leaders of ICL / IPL-GPC project. 9. Description of past activities related to risk reduction of landslides and other related earth system disasters At present, there still is a big difference about the definition of cold regions, after the comprehensive o these views, we define “cold region” as the area whose average monthly temperature in coldest month is lower than -10 ℃. According this definition, the area of “cold region” is more than 50% of global land area. In cold mountainous and hilly areas, the stability of mountain slope not only affected by its own gravity, precipitation, coverage, geological and geomorphologic conditions, but also affected by permafrost degradation and surface seasonal freeze-thaw function, that made the factor of slope instability became more complicated. With the advancement of science and technology, the theory and practice about cold regions enriched continuously. By Geological Survey, using remote sensing tools, permafrost distribution maps from global scale has been obtained, and different temperature zones had been divided. Using a wireless sensing and GPS positioning technology, through the establishment of a monitoring station, surface deformation monitoring of cold area had achieved automation. Through laboratory experiments and computer simulation, the mechanism and movement of landslides in cold region were studied further. 10. Planned future activities /Expected Results:
Association for Disaster Prevention Research UNITWIN Headquarters Building 138-1 Tanaka-Asukai cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto University Uji Campus Kyoto 606-8226, Japan Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan Tel:+81 (75) 723 0640, Fax:+81(75) 950 0910 Tel: +81( 774 ) 38 4834, Fax: +81 (774) 38 4019 [email protected], URL: http://www.iplhq.org/
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Global permafrost classification, distribution and its impact on slope stability considering different geological, geomorphologic conditions in different regions. The methods of landslide analysis and monitoring in cold regions. The effect of seasonal temperature changing and global climate changing on the mechanisms and movement of cold region landslide. Risk mapping and mitigation of cold region landslide.
11. Beneficiaries of WCoE: The study results could provide mitigation consulting to international organizations, national governments. Through cold regions landslide network, could spread related knowledge and provide education and training. 12. References: ICL Strategic Plan 2012-2021(To create a safer geo-environment) adopted at the ICL 10th Anniversary Conference, Kyoto, 19 January 2012 Declaration of ICL Cold Regions Landslide Network First Meeting. The First Meeting of ICL Landslides in Cold Regions Network, Harbin, 2012. Ying Guo,Paolo Canuti, et al. The First Meeting of ICL Landslides in Cold Regions Network, Harbin, 2012. Landslides, DOI 10.1007/s10346-012-0369-x. W. Shan et al. (eds.), Landslides in Cold Regions in the Context of Climate Change, Environmental Science and Engineering, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-00867-7, Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014 Wei Shan Fawu Wang . IPL-132.Research on vegetation protection system for highway soil slope in seasonal frozen regions Wei Shan. IPL-167 The effect of freezing-thawing on the stability of ancient landslide of North-Black highway Vit Vilimek. WCOE. Scientific research for landslide risk analysis and international education for mitigation and preparedness . Hideaki Marui . WCOE. Risk identification and land-use planning for disaster mitigation of landslides
Association for Disaster Prevention Research UNITWIN Headquarters Building 138-1 Tanaka-Asukai cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto University Uji Campus Kyoto 606-8226, Japan Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan Tel:+81 (75) 723 0640, Fax:+81(75) 950 0910 Tel: +81( 774 ) 38 4834, Fax: +81 (774) 38 4019 [email protected], URL: http://www.iplhq.org/
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Application Form for World Centre of Excellence on Landslide Risk Reduction
1. Name of Organization
China Geological Survey Name of Leader WANG Min Affiliation (Office and position) and Contact (Postal address and email) President, CGS Fuwaidajie 45#, Xicheng District, Beijing China, 86-10-58584551, 86-10-58584528, [email protected] Core members of WCoE: Names/Affiliations: (4 individuals maximum) YIN Yueping/Chief Geologist of Center of Geohazard Emergency, Huang Bolin/Reseacher of Wuhan Institute of CGS, Zhang Maosheng/ Program manager in Xi’an Institute of CGS, Zheng Wanmo Program manager in Chengdu Institute of CGS 2. Date of Submission of Application Sept.25, 2013 3. Activity scale and targeted region. 1) Global, 2) Intercontinental, 3) Continental, 4) Regional, 5) National(China) 4. Short Title (10 words maximum) Scientific research for mitigation, preparedness and risk assessment of landslides. 5. Objectives for the initial 3 years: (5 lines maximum; what you expect to accomplish?) To plane and carry out some international cooperation projects on the study of landslide mitigation, preparedness and risk management. To enhance the capacity on the landslide mitigation and risk management in China and the other countries by sponsoring some international field trips and workshops in China. To support IPL intellectually and practically by joining ICL and promote "landslide research and risk reduction" on a global scale.
6. Background Justification: (10 lines maximum) CGS is Planing and Undertaking landslide mapping and monitoring programs. Formation of the Geo-hazards mitigation decision of the State Council. The plan is screened by the Government of China. Undertake a landslide study program in Lonmen Mountain area which has the earthquake and West South China in which catastrophic landslides and debris flows killed a lot of people. A Guideline on the landslide restabilization is finished and will be published. Modified a code for landslide restabilization. Working hard for the Guanling Landslide, Zhouqu Debris Flow, Gongshan Debris Flow and Sichuan Debris Flow emergent response. Conduct 8 training programs on the landslides risk mitigation and landslide monitoring. Translated the landslide
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handbook into Chinese and issued it.
7. Resources available for WCoE activities Personnel, Facilities,Affiliation and Contribution to ICL/IPL-GPC. 8. Description of past activities related to risk reduction of landslides and other related earth system disasters (30 lines maximum)
—Automation and networking of landslide monitoring stations. (2011-2013);
—Landslide mechanism study in west China. (2009-2013);
—Develop a guideline for landslide monitoring. (2009-2013). 9. Planned future activities /Expected Results: (20 lines maximum; work phases and milestones)
—Automation and networking of landslide monitoring stations. (2014-2017);
—Landslide mechanism study in west China. (2014-2017);
—Develop a guideline for landslide monitoring. (2014-2017).
Results: Published Book(Landslides in Wenchuan area and Landslide Hand Book(in Chinese); Rewards: National Science and technology advancement reward. 10. Beneficiaries of WCoE: (5 lines maximum; who directly benefits from the work?)
Directly benefit to China, and also to other members of ICL:
a)Support the government in landslide risk mitigation.
b)Advanced the landslide study in China.
c)Share experience with other countries. 12. References: 10 lines maximum, i.e. relevant publications, international/regional/national recognition supporting items 9-10. 1)YIN Yueping. 2013. Approaches to Landslide Risk Assessment in China. Landslides: Global Risk Preparedness. Springer Berlin Heidelberg: 115~131.
2)Kyoji Sassa, Luciano Picarelli, YIN Yueping.2009. Monitoring, Prediction and Early Warning. Landslides Disaster Risk Reduction, Berlin Heidelberg : Springer, 351-375.
3)YIN Yueping， WANG Fawu， et al. 2009. Landslide hazards triggered by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, Sichuan, China. Landslides, Vol.6(2): 139~152.
4)YIN Yueping, ZHEN Wamo, et al. 2010. Integration of GPS with InSAR to monitoring of the Jiaju landslide,Sichuan. Landslides, Vol.7(4): 359~365.
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5)YIN Yueping, WANG Hongde, et al. 2010. Real-time monitoring and early warning of landslides at Wushan Town, the Three Gorges. Landslides, Vol. 7(3): 339~349.
6)YIN Yueping. 2010. Mechanism on apparent dip sliding of inclined bedding rockslide of Jiweishan, ChongQing, China. Landslides, Vol.8(1): 49~65.
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Application Form for World Centre of Excellence on Landslide Risk Reduction
1. Name of Organization : Department of Civil Engineering, National Taiwan University 2. Name of Leader : Liang-Jenq Leu Affiliation: Chairman of department of Civil Engineering Contact: Prof. Ko-Fei Liu Address. No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617 Taiwan Fax: 886-2-2363-1558 Phone : 886-2-2365-5405 Emai : [email protected] Core members of the activities
Rong-Her Chen /Professor
Ko-Fei Liu/Professor
Mei-Ling Lin/ Professor
Ming-Lang Lin /Professor 3. Date of Submission of Application : 2013/9/30 4. Activity scale and targeted region. 1) Global : Help those who in need either technologically or financially 2) Intercontinental: promoting technology and tools developed in Taiwan 3) Continental: Establish networks 4) Regional: Technology output and coorporation 5) National: Leading research institute 5. Short Title (10 words maximum) characterizing past and planned activities– Scientific research for landslide risk analysis, modeling, mitigation and education 6. Objectives for the initial 3 years: (5 lines maximum; what you expect to accomplish?) 1. Develop fundamental tools for field investigation and modeling 2. In depth research on the initiation of landslide 3. Develop simulation tools to reproduce real disasters and to be used in mitigation design 4. Large scale simulation of landslide induced disasters
Association for Disaster Prevention Research UNITWIN Headquarters Building 138-1 Tanaka-Asukai cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto University Uji Campus Kyoto 606-8226, Japan Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan Tel:+81 (75) 723 0640, Fax:+81(75) 950 0910 Tel: +81( 774 ) 38 4834, Fax: +81 (774) 38 4019 [email protected], URL: http://www.iplhq.org/
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7. Background Justification: (10 lines maximum) Taiwan government and related agencies have supported landslide research domestically and internationally for over 20 years with large amount of financial support. Research results have been know for years. Education forum, symposium and training courses are held in Taiwan every year. These facts support that National Taiwan University can be a member of WCOE 8. Resources available for WCoE activities Personnel : 12 people for administrative, financial and other misclanious work Facilities: 58 Budgets: roughly 7 million US dollars Annuall Affiliation and Contribution to ICL/IPL-GP: Member of ICL and SEA network 9. Description of past activities related to risk reduction of landslides and other related earth system disasters (30 lines maximum) There are many projects that are executed under core members in the past 5 years. Most of the projects are related to the investigation, warning and mitigation of slope land disaster. To name a few, only major projects that are directly related to central government are listed below. Education activities either domestically or internationally are not listed (too many) here and will be given during presentation.
1. Establish the infrastructure of debris flow and land slide monitoring techniques in Taiwan.
2. Detailed Run-out simulation and displacement analysis of slope subjected to seismic loading
3. Landslide mechanism and movement of clay colluviums in the watershed of reservoir
4. Stability and deformation analyses of geocells reinforced retaining structures
5. Effect of rainfall intensity on the stability of slopes with different geological characteristics
6. The Impact on Rock Shed due to Landslide in Rock Mass through DEM Simulation
7. Application of multi-scale remote sensing technique on monitoring and potential analysis on large scale
landslides
8. Effect of rainfall intensity on the stability of slopes with different geological characteristics
9. Mechanism of slope failures of laterite-gravel tableland induced by infiltration
10. Development of investigation technology and regional potential analysis of large-scale landslide - Case study
Lushan and Ching-Jin Areas
11. Large scale simulation of sediment flow applied in Tseng-Wen Reservoir watershed.
12. Simulation of debris flows and the consequent second disasters.
Association for Disaster Prevention Research UNITWIN Headquarters Building 138-1 Tanaka-Asukai cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto University Uji Campus Kyoto 606-8226, Japan Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan Tel:+81 (75) 723 0640, Fax:+81(75) 950 0910 Tel: +81( 774 ) 38 4834, Fax: +81 (774) 38 4019 [email protected], URL: http://www.iplhq.org/
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10. Planned future activities /Expected Results: (20 lines maximum; work phases and milestones) 1. Integrated field investigation techniques 2. Commercial simulation tools for landslides and debris flows. 3. Education base for international land slide training course 11. Beneficiaries of WCoE: (5 lines maximum; who directly benefits from the work?) 1. All landslide related working group 2. Consulting firms and researchers 3. Disaster prevention related agencies 12. References: 10 lines maximum, i.e. relevant publications, international/regional/national recognition supporting items 9-10. 1. 2013/8/4-8/16 Summer training course for slope land disaster reduction in Taiwan 2. 2010/5/10-5/13 The 17th Southeast Asian Geotechnical Conference 3. 2013 Risk Assessment For Geotechnical Facilities Under Extreme Events(3/3)(2012.7.12) 4. Chang, KT; Lin, ML; Dong, JJ; Chien, CH (2012) “The Hungtsaiping landslides: from ancient to recent” LANDSLIDES Volume: 9 Issue: 2 Pages: 205-214 DOI: 10.1007/s10346-011-0293- 5 Published: JUN 2012 5. Chia-Ming Loa, Ming-Lang Linb, , , Chao-Lung Tangc, Jyr-Ching Hu (2011) “A kinematic model of the Hsiaolin landslide calibrated to the morphology of the landslide deposit” Engineering Geology Volume 123, Issues 1-2, 11 November 2011, Pages 22-39 6. Wang KL, Lin ML (2011) “Initiation and displacement of landslide induced by earthquake - a study of shaking table model slope test” ENGINEERING GEOLOGY Volume: 122 Issue: 1-2 Special Issue: Sp. Iss. SI Pages: 106-114 Published: SEP 12 2011 7.Chen RH, Kuo KJ, Chen YN, Ku CW (2011) “Model tests for studying the failure mechanism of dry granular soil slopes” ENGINEERING GEOLOGY Volume: 119 Issue: 1-2 Pages: 51- 63 Published: APR 12 20118. 8.Faure YH, Ho CC, Chen RH, Le Lay M, Blaza J (2010) “A wave flume experiment for studying erosion mechanism of revetments using geotextiles” GEOTEXTILES AND GEOMEMBRANES Volume: 28 Issue: 4 Pages: 360-373 Published: AUG 20109. 9. Liu, K.F., Wu, Y.H. and Chen, Y.C. 2013 Large scale simulation of watershed mass transport – A case study of TsengWen watershed. Accepted by Natural Hazards. 10. Wu,Y.H., Liu, K.F. and Chen, Y.C. 2013 Comparison between FLO-2D and Debris-2D on the application of assessment of granular debris flow hazards with case study. To appear in Journal of Mountain Science
Association for Disaster Prevention Research UNITWIN Headquarters Building 138-1 Tanaka-Asukai cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto University Uji Campus Kyoto 606-8226, Japan Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan Tel:+81 (75) 723 0640, Fax:+81(75) 950 0910 Tel: +81( 774 ) 38 4834, Fax: +81 (774) 38 4019 [email protected], URL: http://www.iplhq.org/
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Application Form for World Centre of Excellence on Landslide Risk Reduction
1. Name of Organization: Croatian Landslide Group 2. Name of Leaders: Željko Arbanas Affiliation: Associate Professor and Vice-dean at the University of Rijeka, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department of Hydrotechnics and Geotechnics, Rijeka, Croatia Contact: University of Rijeka, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Radmile Matejčić St. No. 3, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia, fax +385 51 265998, phone +385 51 265902, e-mail [email protected] Snježana Mihalić Arbanas Affiliation: Associate Professor, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering, Department of Geology and Geological Engineering, Zagreb, Croatia Contact: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, fax +385 1 4836064, phone +385 1 5535765, e-mail [email protected] Core member of the activities/Names/Affiliations: (4 individuals maximum) Prof. .Željko Arbanas, University of Rijeka, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Rijeka, Croatia Prof. Snježana Mihalić Arbanas, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering, Zagreb, Croatia Prof. Čedomir Benac, University of Rijeka, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Rijeka, Croatia 3. Date of Submission of Application: 30 September 2013 4. Activity scale and targeted region: Regional, National 5. Short Title (10 words maximum): Landslide Risk Reduction in the Adriatic-Balkan Region through the Regional Cooperation 6. Objectives for the initial 3 years: (5 lines maximum; what you expect to accomplish?) Croatian Landslide Group will continue implementation of current activities in: i) Promoting landslide science and new technologies in landslide researches and landslide risk reduction in the Adriatic-Balkan Region; ii) Promoting application of advanced technologies of landslide monitoring and early warning systems in the Region based on established technologies and applied methodologies in Croatia; iii) Enhancing development of regional inventories, documents and policies (local languages’ landslide terminology, regional landslide inventories and databases, risk reduction preparatory document and
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guidelines); iv) Capacity development at the regional level through the enhanced cooperation in higher education and life-long-learning education (by organizing landslide courses and schools). 7. Background Justification: (10 lines maximum): The Croatian Landslide Group (CLG), member of ICL, comprises landslide scientist from the fields of engineering geology and civil engineering which have been working at the University of Rijeka, Faculty of Civil Engineering and University of Zagreb, Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering. Interdisciplinary joint research between Croatian scientists have been strongly improving from 2009 in the frame of 5-years bilateral Japanese-Croatian project aimed at development in the field of landslide hazard and risk mapping, landslide monitoring and landslide early warning. In 2010, the CLG initiated regional cooperation in the Adriatic Balkan Region by organizing workshops with regional participation (Dubrovnik 2010, Rijeka 2011, and Zagreb 2013). Regional cooperation was formalized by establishment of the ICL Adriatic Balkan Network in January 2012. CLG also initiated organization of regional symposium on landslides by organizing the 1st Regional Symposium on Landslides in Adriatic Balkan Region which was held in Zagreb (Croatia) in March 2013. Symposium participants were 111 scientists from 12 mostly regional countries those presented 77 papers about wide spectrum of subjects related to landslide and flood researches. Currently, two IPL projects, important for development and promotion of landslide science in Croatia, are in progress (IPL-173 Croatian Virtual Landslide Data Center and IPL- 184 Study of landslides in flysch deposits of North Istria, Croatia: sliding mechanisms, geotechnical properties, landslide modeling and landslide susceptibility). 8. Resources available for WCoE activities, Personnel, Facilities, Budgets, and Affiliation and Contribution to ICL/IPL-GPC: Croatian Landslide Group encompass two university departments from the University of Rijeka, Faculty of Civil Engineering (Department for Hydrotechnics and Geotechnics) and University of Zagreb, Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering (Department for Geology and Geological Engineering) and activities are supported from the Faculties. Other funds will be ensured through national scientific projects (applications in progress) and bilateral projects with neighboring countries (Slovenia, Serbia). Geotechnical laboratory exists at the University of Rijeka, Faculty of Civil Engineering and full equipment installation will be completed in spring 2014 from the EU project funds. Two landslides (Grohovo Landslide near the City of Rijeka and Kostanjek Landslide near the City of Zagreb) are completely equipped with equipment for continuous monitoring and early warning systems from the fund of SATREPS FY2008 Croatian – Japanese bilateral project Risk Identification and Land-Use Planning
Association for Disaster Prevention Research UNITWIN Headquarters Building 138-1 Tanaka-Asukai cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto University Uji Campus Kyoto 606-8226, Japan Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan Tel:+81 (75) 723 0640, Fax:+81(75) 950 0910 Tel: +81( 774 ) 38 4834, Fax: +81 (774) 38 4019 [email protected], URL: http://www.iplhq.org/
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for Disaster Mitigation of Landslides and Floods in Croatia (2009-2014). Two landslides observatories will be used primarily for purposes of risk reduction though application of monitoring and early warning in the system of civil protection of local government of two Croatian cities so as for educational and scientific purposes of two Croatian universities. CGS have been developing national landslide portal www.klizista-hr.com with the following main objectives: promotion of landslide science in the society and establishment of national landslide database in cooperation with National Protection and Rescue Directorate. CGS has been involved in numerous all ICL/IPL activities (active participation with 5 papers in WLF2 in Rome 2011; contribution in organization of thematic and regional ICL networks; leadership of regional ICL Adriatic Balkan Network; initiation of regional symposia by successful organization of 1st Regional Symposium on Landslides in Adriatic Balkan Region 2013, contribution in organization of WLF3 in Beijing as conveners and editors, contribution in Landslides Journal as editors). 9. Description of past activities related to risk reduction of landslides and other related earth system disasters (30 lines maximum): Members of CLG have been involved in the process of landslide risk reduction in Croatia through their professional and scientific works (detailed landslide investigations and landslide remediation design) in the fields of civil engineering and engineering geology during last 30 years. They have been also involved in two national scientific projects dealing with landslide science subjects from 2007: ‘Estimation, Mitigation and Managing of the Geological Hazards in the Kvarner Bay Area’ and ‘Development of the Geotechnical Data Management System for purpose of Natural Hazard Assessment’. Both projects resulted with numerous scientific papers. The bilateral project ‘Risk identification and Land-Use Planning for Disaster Mitigation of Landslides and Floods in Croatia’ was launched in 2008 when it was selected for the Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development (SATREPS), a research program under the auspices of the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). CLG members are leaders of two working groups related to landslides: WG1 Landslides and WG3 Hazard Mapping. The Project involves collaborative research conducted in Japan and Croatia to evaluate hazard and mitigate landslides and flood risks in Croatia (Mihalić and Arbanas, 2013). Key objectives of the Project are preparation of hazard maps and development of guidelines for application in urban planning on the basis of risk assessment. The main activity of the WG1 is establishment of two monitoring and early warning systems at the most important landslides in Croatia: Grohovo Landslide near the City of Rijeka (Benac et al. 2005; Arbanas et al. 2012a, Arbanas and Mihalić Arbanas, 2013) and
Association for Disaster Prevention Research UNITWIN Headquarters Building 138-1 Tanaka-Asukai cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto University Uji Campus Kyoto 606-8226, Japan Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan Tel:+81 (75) 723 0640, Fax:+81(75) 950 0910 Tel: +81( 774 ) 38 4834, Fax: +81 (774) 38 4019 [email protected], URL: http://www.iplhq.org/
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Kostanjek Landslide (Krkač et al., 2013; Mihalić Arbanas et al., 2013b) in the City of Zagreb. The main activity of the WG3 is landslide mapping, susceptibility and hazard zonation at the three project’s pilot areas: in the City of Zagreb (Mihalić et al., 2013), Rječina River Valley and Dubračina River Valley. The rockfall hazard along the Adriatic coast was also investigated (Arbanas et al., 2012b). Regional cooperation has been initiated by organizing the 1st Croatian-Japanese Project Workshop entitled ‘International Experience’, which was held in Dubrovnik (Croatia) in November 2010. Regional cooperation among Croatia, Slovenia, Serbia and Albania was formalized in the frame of regional ICL Adriatic-Balkan Network in January in Kyoto 2012 (Mihalić Arbanas et al., 2013a). CLG organized the 1st Regional Symposium on Landslides in Adriatic Balkan Region held in Zagreb (Croatia) in March 2013 (http://www.klizista-hr.com/en/conferences/1st-symp-on-landslides/) and 111 scientist from 12 countries those presented 77 papers about wide spectrum of subjects related to landslide and flood researches. In the frame of the Symposium, the Photo exhibition Living with Landslides as an accompanying event was organized (http://www.klizista-hr.com/en/conferences/1st-symp-on- landslides/landslide-exhibition/). CLG’s members contributed in ICL Landslides Teaching Tools by publishing results of bilateral Japanese-Croatian projects in two papers (Arbanas and Mihalić Arbanas, 2013; Mihalić Arbanas et al., 2013b). CLG developed and maintain web pages Croatian Landslides Portal (http://www.klizista-hr.com/en/) which is presenting landslides news from Croatia and around the world on daily basis. This is followed by background information about scientific and academic activities of Croatian ICL member and regional Adriatic-Balkan Network Development of the Croatian landslide database have been currently in progress. Cartographic information with basic landslide information will be available to the public together with the interactive tool ‘Apply Landslide’ which will enable collection of landslide data from different sources. Two IPL projects (IPL-173, IPL 184) are in progress. Project IPL-173 Croatian Virtual Landslide Data Center is aimed to establish the first national landslide database in Croatia. Project IPL-184 Study of landslides in flysch deposits of North Istria, Croatia: sliding mechanisms, geotechnical properties, landslide modeling and landslide susceptibility, based on previous investigations (Dugonjić Jovančević and Arbanas, 2012) would result with landslide risk reduction in the area of North Istria. 10. Planned future activities /Expected Results: (20 lines maximum; work phases and milestones): i) Promoting landslide science and new technologies in landslide researches and landslide risk
Association for Disaster Prevention Research UNITWIN Headquarters Building 138-1 Tanaka-Asukai cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto University Uji Campus Kyoto 606-8226, Japan Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan Tel:+81 (75) 723 0640, Fax:+81(75) 950 0910 Tel: +81( 774 ) 38 4834, Fax: +81 (774) 38 4019 [email protected], URL: http://www.iplhq.org/
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reduction in the Adriatic-Balkan Region: organization of national and regional workshops (every year) with participation of leading researchers from the region and abroad; organization of regional symposium on landslides (every 2 years) as joint activities of CLG with regional countries, members of ICL Adriatic Balkan Network, with participation of non-ICL members from regional scientific and professional landslide community. The 2nd Regional Symposium on Landslides in Adriatic Balkan Region is planned to be held in Belgrade (Serbia) in 2015. ii) Promoting application of advanced technologies of landslide monitoring and early warning systems in the Region based on established technologies and applied methodologies in Croatia at the Grohovo Landslide and Kostanjek Landslide: publishing scientific papers in scientific journals and at the conferences; organization of workshops and summer schools on landslide monitoring (every two years) in cooperation with neighboring countries and international members of thematic ICL Landslide Monitoring Network; organization of technical excursions to the Grohovo and Kostanjek landslide. iii) Enhancing development of regional inventories, documents and policies (local languages’ landslide terminology, regional landslide inventories and databases, risk reduction preparatory document and guidelines) as one of main activities of the regional ICL Adriatic Balkan Network in 2014. iv) Capacity development at the regional level through the enhanced cooperation in higher education and life-long-learning education by organizing landslide courses and schools organized by regional ICL Adriatic Balkan Network. 11. Beneficiaries of WCoE: (5 lines maximum; who directly benefits from the work?): Society, through implementations of new advantages of landslide science in landslide risk reduction. National and local authorities, through development of landslide inventories, documents and policies those should help in the system of land use and urban planning so as in civil protection system. Companies and authorities, through implementation of new technologies in landslide monitoring and early warning. Academic society, scientists and students, through new scientific knowledge transfer. 12. References: 10 lines maximum, i.e. relevant publications, international/regional/national recognition supporting items 9-10: Arbanas, Ž.; Sassa, K.; Marui, H.; Mihalić, S.; Comprehensive monitoring system on the Grohovo Landslide, Croatia. Landslides and Engineered Slopes: Protecting Society through Improved Understanding. Proceedings of the 11th International & 2nd North American Symposium on Landslides, Banff, Canada Eberhardt, Erik; Froese, Corey; Turner, Keith; Leroueil, S. (Eds.). Vancouver: CRC Press, (2012a), pp. 1441- 1447.
Association for Disaster Prevention Research UNITWIN Headquarters Building 138-1 Tanaka-Asukai cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto University Uji Campus Kyoto 606-8226, Japan Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan Tel:+81 (75) 723 0640, Fax:+81(75) 950 0910 Tel: +81( 774 ) 38 4834, Fax: +81 (774) 38 4019 [email protected], URL: http://www.iplhq.org/
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Arbanas, Ž.; Grošić, M.; Udovič, D.; Mihalić, S.; Rockfall Hazard Analyses and Rockfall Protection along the Adriatic Coast of Croatia. Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture. 6 (2012b), 3; pp. 344-355. Arbanas, Ž.; Mihalić Arbanas, S.; Comprehensive Landslide Monitoring System: The Grohovo Landslide Case Study, Croatia. In: ICL Landslide Teaching Tools, Sassa, Kyoji; He, Bin; McSaveney, Mauri; Osamu Nagai (Eds). Kyoto, International Consortium on Landslides, (2013), pp. 146-157. Benac, Č., Arbanas, Ž., Jurak, V., Oštrić, M., Ožanić, N.; Complex landslide in the Rječina valley (Croatia): Origin and sliding mechanism“, Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, Vol 64, (2005), 4; pp. 361-371. Dugonjić Jovančević, S.; Arbanas, Ž.; Recent landslides on the Istrian Peninsula, Croatia. Natural hazards 62 (2012), 3; pp. 1323-1338. Krkač, M., Mihalić, S., Ferić, P., Podolszki, L., Toševski, A., Arbanas, Ž,.; Japanese-Croatian Project: Preliminary Investigations of the Kostanjek Landslide. Proc. of World Landslide Forum 2, Rome, Italy, 2011, Landslide Science and Practice, Vol. 6, Claudio Margottini, Paolo Canutti, Kyoji Sassa. (eds.), DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-31319-6_52, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg (2013), pp.385-390. Mihalić, S.; Arbanas, Ž., The Croatian–Japanese joint research project on landslides: activities and public benefits. In: Landslides: Global Risk Preparedness, Sassa, Kyoji; Rouhban, Badaoui; Briceño, Sálvano; McSaveney, Mauri; He, Bin (Eds). Heidelberg: Springer, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-22087-6_24, (2013), pp. 333-349. Mihalić, S.; Marui, H.; Nagai, O.; Yagi, H.; Miyagi, T.; Landslide inventory in the area of Zagreb City: effectiveness of using LiDAR DEM. Proc. of World Landslide Forum 2, Rome, Italy, 2011, Landslide Science and Practice, Vol. 1, Claudio Margottini, Paolo Canutti, Kyoji Sassa. (eds.), DOI 10.1007/978-3-642- 31325-7, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg (2013), pp.155-162. Mihalić Arbanas, S.; Arbanas, Ž.; Abolmasov, B.; Mikoš, M.; Komac, M.; The ICL Adriatic-Balkan Network: analysis of current state and planned activities. Landslides. 10 (2013a), 1; pp. 1-7. Mihalić Arbanas, S.; Arbanas, Ž.; Krkač, M., Comprehensive Landslide Monitoring System: The Kostanjek Landslide Case Study, Croatia. In: ICL Landslide Teaching Tools, Sassa, Kyoji; He, Bin; McSaveney, Mauri; Osamu Nagai (Eds). Kyoto, International Consortium on Landslides, (2013b), pp. 158- 168.
Association for Disaster Prevention Research UNITWIN Headquarters Building 138-1 Tanaka-Asukai cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto University Uji Campus Kyoto 606-8226, Japan Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan Tel:+81 (75) 723 0640, Fax:+81(75) 950 0910 Tel: +81( 774 ) 38 4834, Fax: +81 (774) 38 4019 [email protected], URL: http://www.iplhq.org/
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Application Form for World Centre of Excellence on Landslide Risk Reduction (WCoE)
Name of Organization: Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics Czech Academy of Sciences & Charles University, Faculty of Science Name of Leader: RNDr. Josef Stemberk, CSc. Affiliation, position: Director of the Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics Czech Academy of Sciences and Head of the Dept. of Engineering Geology; Contact: V Holešovičkách 41, Prague 8, 182 09, Czech Republic, [email protected] Core members of the activities: Ass. Prof. RNDr. Vít VILÍMEK, PhD., (Deputy Coordinator), Faculty of Science, Charles University, Head of the Czech Association of Geomorphology RNDr. Václav TREML, PhD., Faculty of Science, Charles University. RNDr. Jan KLIMEŠ, Ph.D., IRSM CAS Mgr. Jan BLAHÚT, Ph.D., IRSM CAS Date of Submission of Application: 30.9.2013 Activity scale and targeted region: Geomorhpological and engineering geological research of landslide occurrences and activity combined with assessment of adverse societal impacts of landsliding. Target regions: Intercontinental (South America, Asia, Africa, Europe), Regional (Central Andes, Central Asia, Ethiopian Highland, Central Europe and Spitzbergen Islands), National (various localities in Bohemian Massif and Western Carpathians). Short Title: Landslide risk assessment and development guidelines for effective risk reduction Objectives for the initial 3 years: To strengthen the International Programme on Landslides (IPL) through long-term landslide monitoring analysis, new approaches for hazard and risk assessment and developing of world wide databases of glacial lake outburst floods. These data will allow for more reliable hazard evaluation also with respect to changing climatic conditions as will be observed in different geographical settings. To participate in networks among entities contributing to landslide risk reduction (South America, Asia, Africa, Europe). Background Justification: The participated institutions study landslides in holistic context of landscape evolution to understand the complex interactions between all relevant
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geomorphologic processes, which are often described individually by means of advanced monitoring techniques. We are experienced in field landslide susceptibility mapping and risk assessment as well as long term landslide monitoring in various geological settings. Many of the research results are being applied for landslide mitigation by local authorities or private companies. We have long-time experience with field work in developing countries as well as arctic regions and in systematic safety monitoring of unstable rock slopes. We are productively implementing dendrochronology in the department laboratory for the exact determination of the landslide age. Resources available for WCoE activities: Technical staff, indoor laboratories as well as field geodynamical laboratories located on long term (more than 10 years) monitored landslides; world wide geodynamical monitoring network providing data about landslides/tectonic interactions (EU TecNet, http://www.irsm.cas.cz/ext/tecnet/index_en.php); field research facilities including terrestrial laser scanner and high precision GPS stations; PhD students, staff and laboratories at Faculty of Science (Charles University). Research grants from home institution and from Grant Agency of Czech Republic (Project GACR P 209/11/1000; Grant Agency of Charles University, GAUK Project No. 70 413 and MŠMT project, INGO II, No. LG12026). We supposed a multilateral cooperation both at national and international level (especially with the other WCoE units). The main tasks of WCoE will respect the basic strategy of IPL and ISDR in contribution to natural disaster reduction. Description of past activities related to risk reduction of landslides and other related earth system disasters: The research of landslides was focused on: A) the influence of climatic factors and associated processes including global climate change both in the areas of Carpathians (Klimeš et al. 2009) and in Peru (e.g. Vilímek et al. 2005; Klimeš and Vilímek 2011). B) Long term effort is paid to development and application of landslide susceptibility assessment with special attention to urbanized regions (Klimeš and Ríos Escobar 2010). C) Special attention was put on hazard and risk assessment of World Heritage Sites (Vilímek et al., 2007, Klimeš 2012) and highly landslide prone areas in the Czech Republic (Blahůt et al. 2013). D) Long-term monitoring of deep-seated landslides is conduct for decades in variety of environments (Klimeš et al. 2012) in close relation to tectonic monitoring (Briestenský et al. 2011). Recently, investigations of landslides in arctic regions (Spitzbergen Islands) and high mountains (Cordillera Blanca, Peru – Emmer et al., 2013) have been launched. The
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global recognition of landslide risk reduction and its social-economic relevance is possible to find in several publications which contributed to risk management or capacity building (Vilímek et al., 2010). Dendrochronological research was focused mainly on theoretical developments of various dendrochonological dating techniques enabling exact determination of the landslide age (see for example Tumajer and Treml 2013). Planned future activities /Expected Results: a) Landslide mapping in a field and using remotely sensed data, field data collecting, database building ………..…………………………………………………………….………. 1. – 2. year b) Analysis and interpretation of results of the long-term landslide monitoring with respect to landslide hazard and risk assessment in selected regions …………………………... 2. – 3. year c) Mapping and zoning of landslide hazard and risk with respect to risk mitigation and governance……..………………………………………………………………….…. 2. - 3. year d) Capacity building – teaching of undergraduate and PhD students from developed and developing countries, field training during regular conferences “Slope movements and pseudokarst”, implementation of advanced technologies (Africa, South America), networking …………………………………………………1. – 3. year Expected results: scientific publications; methods for best practice cost-effective and long-term landslide monitoring; susceptibility, hazard and risk maps; digital models of landslide processes (e.g. flows), maintaining of the GLOFs database. Beneficiaries of WCoE: Field research (e.g. landslide mapping and monitoring) and related data processing – benefit for international scientific community as well as local communities and agencies who may use the maps for regional planning and monitoring results for risk governance; net working – benefit for ICL/IPL especially networks focused on research of landslides in cold regions and landslide monitoring. References: International cooperation is based on contacts with several universities (e.g. www.glofs- database.com). Other international contacts are e.g. with Univ. of Tuebingen (Germany) – project for Ethiopia. Experiences in the field of natural hazards and risks resulted in the work in Ad hoc Expert group by United Nations - Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (V. Vilímek). We work also in study groups under International Association of Geomorphologists.
Emmer A., Vilímek V., Klimeš J., Cochachin A. (2013): Glacier retreat, lakes development and associated natural hazards in Cordillera Blanca, Peru. In: W. Shan and F. Wang Eds.: Landslides in Cold Regions in the Context of Climate Change, Springer.
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Blahůt J, Klimeš J, Vařilová Z (2013): Quantitative rockfall hazard and risk analysis in the selected municipalities, North West Bohemia, Czech Republic. Geografie. Briestenský M., Košťák B., Stemberk J. (2011): Long-term slope failure monitoring in the Region of the Core High Mountains (the Western Carpathians). – Acta Geodynamica et Geomaterialia, 8, 4, 403 - 412. Klimeš, J., Baroň, I., Pánek, T., Kosačík, T., Burda, J., Kresta, F. and Hradecký J. (2009): Investigation of recent catastrophic landslides in the flysch belt of Outer Western Carpathians (Czech Republic): progress towards better hazard assessment. Nt. Hazards and Earth Syst. Sci., 9, 119 - 128. Klimeš, J., Ríos Escobar, V. (2010): A landslide susceptibility assessment in urban areas based on existing data: an example from the Iguan´a Valley, Medell´ın City, Colombia. Nt. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 10, 2067 – 2079. Klimeš J., Vilímek V. (2011): A catastrophic slope deformation at Rampac Grande, Cordillera Negra, Peru. – Landslides, 8, 309-320. Klimeš J. (2012): Landslide temporal analysis and susceptibility assessment as bases for landslide mitigation, Machu Picchu, Peru. Environ Earth Sci, doi 10.1007/s12665-012-2181-2. Klimeš, J, Rowberry, MD, Blahůt, J, Briestenský, M, Hartvich, F, Košťák, B, Rybář, J, Stemberk, J, Štěpančíkova, P (2012): The monitoring of slow-moving landslides and assessment of stabilisation measures using an optical-mechanical crack gauge. Landslides, 9: 407 - 415. Tumajer, J., Treml, V. (2013): Meta-analysis of dendrochronological dating of mass movements. Geochronometria 40(1), p. 59-76. Vilímek V., Zvelebil J., Kalvoda J., Šíma J. (2010): Landslide field research and capacity building through international collaboration – Landslides, 7, 3, 375-380. Vilímek V., Zvelebil J., Klimeš J., Patzelt Z., Astete F., Kachlík V., Hartvich F. (2007): Geomorphological research of large-scale slope instability at Machu Picchu, Peru. - Geomorphology 89, 241-257. Vilímek V., Zapata M. L., Klimeš J., Patzelt Z., Santillán N. (2005): Influence of glacial retreat on natural hazards of the Palcacocha Lake area, Peru. – Landslides, 2, 2, 107-115.
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Application Form for
World Centre of Excellence on Landslide Risk Reduction
1. Name of Organization: Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence
2. Name of Leader Nicola Casagli University of Florence Via G. La Pira n.4 I-50121 FIRENZE (Italy) Phone: +39 055 2757523 Fax: +39 055 2756296 Email: [email protected] Core members of the activities: Veronica Tofani Via G. La Pira n.4 I-50121 FIRENZE (Italy) 3. Date of submission of the application: 30 September 2013
4. Activity scale and targeted region: Global
5. Short Title: Advanced Technologies for LandSlides (ATLaS) 6. Objectives for the initial 3 years: The objective is to further develop advanced technologies with special emphasis on remote sensing techniques both ground-based and satellite, for the assessment and mitigation of landslide risk. In particular the project will focus on the development of advanced methods useful for applications on landslides such as: Ground-based SAR interferometry for landslide monitoring and prediction of slope behavior EO (Earth Observation) data and technology to detect, map, monitor and forecast ground deformations Coupling of short-term weather forecasting with geotechnical modeling for shallow landslide prediction Evaluation and development of reliable procedures and technologies for early warning
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7. Background justification:
Landslides are one of the most serious geological hazards, which threaten and influence the socio-economic conditions of many countries in Europe and worldwide, causing damages and casualties (Schuster, 1996; Schuster and Highland, 2001; Petley et al., 2C00li5m; Paettley, 2012). Remote sensing images represent a powerful tool to measure landslide displacement as they offer a synoptic view that can be repeated at different time intervals and can be available at various scales. In particular radar sensors can operate over wide areas in almost any weather conditions, continuously over a long time, providing real-time widespread information with millimetric accuracy without the need of accessing to the study area. In particular satellite SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) interferometry (Gabriel et al., 1989; Massonet and Feigl, 1998) represents a tool to assess changes on the Earth surface. Rapid advances in both remote sensing sensors and data processing algorithms allowed achieving significant results in recent years, underscored by numerous applications. In particular, the application of multi interferograms SAR Interferometry (A-DInSAR) techniques to the study of slow-moving landslides (velocity < 13 m/month according to Cruden and Varnes, 1996) is a relatively new and challenging topic (Lu et al., 2012, Righini et al., 2012, Tofani et al, 2013). At the same time Ground-based SAR interferometry (GBInSAR) is an established and reliable method for spatial displacement monitoring of instable slopes. The main reasons that have contributed to the diffusion of the GBInSAR interferometry to landslide monitoring are millimetric accurate displacements over areas up to a few square kilometers wide combined with the capacity to monitor even rapid and slow movements (Intrieri et al., 2013, Nolesini et al., 2012). Moreover the high temporal acquisition frequency and the ease and rapidity of GB-InSAR data analysis, allow the technique to be used in near real time monitoring in order to predict the short-term evolution of movements and, consequently, to define the associated risk scenarios.
8. Resources available for WCoE activities
The staff counts: 2 professors and associate professors 5 researchers 5 technicians 17 post-doc fellows 10 PhD students 7 MSc students
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2 administratives
The facilities of the research group include:
Laboratories: GIS and thematic mapping laboratory Remote Sensing laboratory specialised on SAR interferometry, optical and hyperspectral remote sensing Rock and Soil mechanics laboratory
Equipment: GBInSAR monitoring systems Compact submarine remotely controlled (NEMO-ROV) Rock and soil mechanics field and laboratory equipment Advanced geotechnical and hydrogeological modelling software GPS and survey instrumentation (LEICA 530, LEICA 1200) 3D laser scanner (RIEGL LMS-Z420i) Airborne multi-sensor surveyer Access to real-time meteorological services (EUMETSAT/EUMETCAST) Supercomputing facility with 70 parallel processors and data centre of 17 Tb of storage Fieldspec spectroradiometer Eco sounder Ocean Tools MA500 Thermo camera FLIR Theodolite PASI geoelectrical and seismic integrated instrument Abem WADI to perform electromagnetic measurements in the very low frequency band Tromino, a 3G tromograph to perform seismic noise measurements
The group also operates a number of field instrumented test sites for environmental monitoring and slope instability, such as the Geophysical Laboratory in Stromboli. Last year the group had a research budget of about 1.5 million Euro from research projects funded by national and international organisations.
9. Description of past activities related to risk reduction of landslides and other related earth system disasters
The Earth Sciences Department of the University of Firenze (UNIFI) is, since 2004, the official Centre of Competence of the Italian Civil Protection for Remote Sensing and Geohazards
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(Directive of the Italian Prime Minister of 27 February 2004; Decree of the Head of the Italian National Civil Protection Department no. 252 of 25 January 2005). It is one of the largest centres for scientific and technological services on geohazards in Italy, currently composed by 40 full-time employees (see section 8 on resources available). UNIFI group has earned a firm reputation for its practical, problem solving approach to the geosciences, which has led to the establishment of solid ties with numerous governmental agencies and private enterprises alike. The group participates in research and technological development projects in several areas of the world, often in active collaboration with international, national and regional organisations and agencies. The main objective of the group is to focus on landslide studies at all scales with an emphasis that in recent years moved towards the application and development of new technologies for landslide disaster prevention, monitoring and early warning with special emphasis on remote sensing. The work on these topics has produced several hundreds scientific publications relating upon landslide studies ranging from slope to regional scale.
Since 2012 UNIFI, as Centre of Competence, has been appointed by the Italian Civil Protection Department to monitor Costa Concordia cruise ship after the wreck on the night of January 13, 2012 along the eastern coast of the island of Giglio (GR). The monitoring activities has being carried in order to measure movements and internal deformations of the ship, using instruments and techniques usually applied to landslide study. The monitoring system has been installed since January 18th 2012. It is completely functioning from the following day (19th January) and is currently still working. The monitoring system is composed of a number of different technologies, namely: robotized total stations, global positioning system, onboard accelerometers, ground-based synthetic aperture radar interferometer, long ranging 3D terrestrial laser scanner, extensometer anchored at the sea bottom, seismic network, Cosmo-SkyMed satellite interferometry, Infrared thermal imaging, Multibeam bathymetric surveys, Submarine markers.
The recent achievements of UNIFI are best summarized by the activities connected to the status of WCoE being held by UNIFI in the years 2008-2010 and renewed in 2010-2013 as concerns the Objectives stated in the Original Proposal of 2008 and 2011. In general, these objectives were, and are now, being pursued through several international research projects. Among them the SAFER EC funded project (Services and Applications for emergency response) aimed at implementing and to validating a pre- operational version of the GMES Emergency Response Core Service (ERCS), with a priority on rapid mapping during the response phase; the SAFELAND EC funded project, which aimed at developing generic quantitative risk assessment and management tools and strategies for landslides at local, regional, European and societal scales and establish the baseline for the risk associated with landslides in Europe, to improve our ability to forecast landslide hazard and detect hazard and risk zones; the ESA funded project TERRAFIRMA, targeted to the definition and quality assessment of multi-interferometric techniques to map and monitor slow surface displacements; the DORIS EC funded project, an
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10. Planned future activities /Expected Results
The activities proposed are structured into 3 main work packages (WPs) as follows: WP1: Ground-based SAR interferometry for landslide monitoring and development of reliable procedures and technologies for early warning: The WP will focus on the application of Ground-based SAR interferometry and other advanced landslide monitoring techniques in order to estimate the deformational evolution of the landslide masses and the successive operative implementation of Early Warning Systems (EWS) making alert warnings as much as possible robust, reliable in time, and tailored on specific scenarios, with the aim of providing threatened Communities with the appropriate instruments for self-protection against landslides.
WP2: EO (Earth Observation) data and technology to detect, map, monitor and forecast ground deformations: This WP will deal with the exploitation of the large data archives for geo-hazards mapping: long-time series of archive data are available for C-band satellites, such as ERS-1, ERS-2, ENVISAT and RADARSAT-1, and they represent the baseline for the Emergency Core Service for Landslides. Furthermore this WP will deal with the integrated use of EO and ground-based remote sensing data (GBInSAR) and eventually VHR and SAR data fusion.
WP3: Coupling of short-term weather forecasting with geotechnical modeling for shallow landslide prediction: This WP will deal with the development of a forecasting chain for shallow landslide prediction based physically based distributed slope stability simulator for analyzing shallow landslide triggering in real time, on large areas, using parallel computational techniques.
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11. Beneficiaries of WCoE:
The beneficiaries of the present project will be National and Regional Civil Protection Agencies and National and Regional Environmental Protection Agencies, the ICL community and the United Nations organizations and Local communities interested in the practical applications of landslide risk mitigation measures.
12. References
Intrieri E., Di Traglia F., Del Ventisette C., Gigli G., Mugnai F., Luzi G., Casagli N., Flank instability of Stromboli volcano (Aeolian Islands, Southern Italy): Integration of GB-InSAR and geomorphological observations, Geomorphology, Available online 20 June 2013, ISSN 0169-555X, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.06.007.
Mercogliano, P., Segoni, S., Rossi, G., Sikorsky, B., Tofani, V., Schiano, P., Catani, F., and Casagli, N.: Brief communication "A prototype forecasting chain for rainfall induced shallow landslides", Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 13, 771-777, doi:10.5194/nhess-13-771-2013, 2013.
Tofani, V.; Raspini, F.; Catani, F.; Casagli, N. Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) Technique for Landslide Characterization and Monitoring. Remote Sens. 2013, 5, 1045-1065.
Rossi, G., Catani, F., Leoni, L., Segoni, S., and Tofani, V.: HIRESSS: a physically based slope stability simulator for HPC applications, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 13, 151-166, doi:10.5194/nhess-13-151-2013, 2013.
Nolesini T., Di Traglia F., Del Ventisette C., Moretti S., Casagli N., Deformations and slope instability on Stromboli volcano: Integration of GBInSAR data and analog modeling, Geomorphology, Volumes 180–181, 1 January 2013, Pages 242-254, ISSN 0169-555X, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2012.10.014.
Cigna F., Bianchini S., Casagli N. 2012. How To Assess Landslide Activity And Intensity With Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (Psi): The Psi-Based Matrix Approach. Landslides. Online First.
Del Ventisette C., Casagli N., Fortuny-Guasch J., Tarchi D., 2011. Ruinon Landslide (Valfurva, Italy) Activity In Relation To Rainfall By Means Of Gbinsar Monitoring. Landslides. Online First.
Intrieri E., Gigli G., Mugnai F., Fanti R., Casagli N., 2012. Design And Implementation Of A Landslide Early Warning System. Engineering Geology. 147-148,124–136.
Lu P., Casagli N., Catani F., Tofani V., 2012. Persistent Scatterers Interferometry Hotspot And Cluster Analysis (Psi-Hca) For Slow Moving Landslides Detection. International Journal Of Remote Sensing. 33(2), 466-489.
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Righini G., Pancioli V., Casagli N., 2012. Updating Landslide Inventory Maps Using Persistent Scatterer Interferometry. International Journal Of Remote Sensing. 33(7), 2068-2096.
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Application Form for World Centre of Excellence on Landslide Risk Reduction 1. Name of Organization: The Japan Landslide Society (JLS) 2. Name of Leader: Daisuke Higaki (Hirosaki University) Affiliation: position : President Contact: postal address, fax, phone, email Shimbashi-Kato Building, 5-26-8, Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0004 Japan Phone: +81-3-3432-1878 Fax: +81-3-5408-5250 e-mail: [email protected] Core members of the activities Names/Affiliations: (4 individuals maximum) Hideaki Marui (Professor, Niigata University)
Hiroshi Yagi (Professor, Yamagata University) Daisuke Higaki (Hirosaki University) Gonghui Wang (DPRI, Kyoto University) 3. Date of Submission of Application : September 30, 2013 4. Activity scale and targeted region. 1) Global, 2) Intercontinental, 3) Continental, 4) Regional, 5) National 5. Short Title (10 words maximum) characterizing past and planned activities. Emergency Response Support System for Large-scale Landslide Disasters 6. Objectives for the initial 3 years: (5 lines maximum; what you expect to accomplish?) A prototype of the emergency response support system with a view to global issues for large-scale landslide disasters will be developed. It is composed of the following subsystems; (1) urgent recognition of landslides using satellite images, (2) landslide inventories classified with geological and geomorphological conditions to help us for determination of countermeasures and (3) structured human networks for sharing emergency signals and technical information. First of all, the pilot activities for the above will be performed in Japan. 7. Background Justification: (10 lines maximum) Urgent grasp of the present situation of landslides using satellite images is very effective in emergency response at the time of large-scale landslide disasters caused by a strong earthquake or extreme weathers. Landslides along a narrow river cause a landslide dam and lake that may flood Association for Disaster Prevention Research UNITWIN Headquarters Building 138-1 Tanaka-Asukai cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto University Uji Campus Kyoto 606-8226, Japan Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan Tel:+81 (75) 723 0640, Fax:+81(75) 950 0910 Tel: +81( 774 ) 38 4834, Fax: +81 (774) 38 4019 [email protected], URL: http://www.iplhq.org/
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the upstream toe of the dam. If a future possibility of the dam outburst flood is expected, the flood risk in the river neighboring area including distant downstream areas should be notified with geographic information immediately. Quick and suitable determination of the countermeasures for such catastrophes can be achieved by the established landslide inventories classified with geological and geomorphological conditions. These inventories can be reinforced with the detailed analysis for the mechanisms of each landslide. The relevant practices for this matter have already been performed in the JLS, contributing to an administrative measure as well as a scientific research; please refer to Chapter 9. At the beginning, the pilot activities for the above are performed in Japan because it has already had a wealth of experience, and then, it can be extended to development of the emergency response support procedures which is adaptable for global issues.
8. Resources available for WCoE activities Personnel, Facilities, Budgets, and Affiliation and Contribution to ICL/IPL-GPC. JLS is composed of highly qualified scientists from universities and institutes to enable to perform valuable and complicated investigation and research in fields and laboratories. JLS activities have been supported by the Asia Science and Technology Strategic Cooperation Program (Special Coordination Funds for Promoting Science and Technology) by Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT). Also, they have been supported by the Grant to Develop a New Technology for the Erosion Control by Japanese Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT), which promoted initiatives that focus on regional issues as landslides disaster reduction. Furthermore, JLS has been a regular member of the ICL since its establishment and participated in all important meetings and symposiums. JLS has carried out IPL member projects on “Capacity Building for Mitigation of Landslide Disasters” and “Development of a methodology for risk assessment of the earthquake-induced landslides”. JLS has been authorized by ICL as one of the WCoE organization until the present time, based on the strong research activities. 9. Description of past activities related to risk reduction of landslides and other related earth system disasters (30 lines maximum) The 2005 Kashmir Earthquake (The South Asian earthquake or the Great Pakistan earthquake) occurred on 8 October 2005 and had a magnitude of 7.6. The disaster destroyed 50% of the buildings in Muzaffarabad and is estimated to have killed up to 80,000 people in the Pakistani-
Association for Disaster Prevention Research UNITWIN Headquarters Building 138-1 Tanaka-Asukai cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto University Uji Campus Kyoto 606-8226, Japan Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan Tel:+81 (75) 723 0640, Fax:+81(75) 950 0910 Tel: +81( 774 ) 38 4834, Fax: +81 (774) 38 4019 [email protected], URL: http://www.iplhq.org/
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controlled areas of Kashmir. JLS dispatched 7 scientists to make field investigations on the largest landslide occurred in Hattian village 40km east of Muzaffarabad, examining each landslide and river blockage in detail to establish the landslide susceptibility map of the areas. Also, at the time of each major earthquake during last ten years in Japan, JLS members have mapped the landslide distributions classified with each movement pattern, using the ALOS images as well as the aerial photos, to be utilized for each countermeasure. Besides, there have also been a few effective developments in this research fields in engineering point of view, e.g., the estimation of long-term ground displacement using SAR with different times of observation. The landslide inventory maps in various regions in Japan based on aerial photos have already been distributed on the internet. Parallel to the domestic journal publication, “Landslides in Japan”, written in English, focusing on the current advancement of landslide research and technical development of mitigation measures has been published once in five years, in order to introduce landslide phenomena in Japan to overseas researchers and engineers. Furthermore, JLS has established an international network of the landslide researchers and has been published the “Landslide News”. Early-warning system based on monitored landslide displacements with simple and convenient measuring tools has been established in Japan. Administrative organs in Japan have their own technical guidelines for various emergency responses; e.g., emergency slope inspections, water-level monitoring for landslide dam outburst and risk reduction by channel works. Unfortunately they have not been translated into English yet.
10. Planned future activities /Expected Results: (20 lines maximum; work phases and milestones) First of all, we are going to make a various types of research trials related to (1) urgent recognition of landslides using satellite images, (2) landslide inventories classified with geological and geomorphological conditions to help us for determination of countermeasures and (3) structured human networks for sharing emergency signals and technical information. As a result of the pilot activities for the above, a prototype of the emergency response support system with a view to global issues for large-scale landslide disasters will have been developed during first three years referring the published guidelines (e.g. Highland and Peter, 2008). It should be noted that the main focus of the study during this period will be placed on the completion of the whole system based on the data collected in Japan. The established knowledge database can be accessed by not only researchers but also administrative officials.
Association for Disaster Prevention Research UNITWIN Headquarters Building 138-1 Tanaka-Asukai cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto University Uji Campus Kyoto 606-8226, Japan Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan Tel:+81 (75) 723 0640, Fax:+81(75) 950 0910 Tel: +81( 774 ) 38 4834, Fax: +81 (774) 38 4019 [email protected], URL: http://www.iplhq.org/
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During the following three years, the knowledge which has been developed in various countries with landslide risk will be reflected into our system to improve the comprehensiveness of the developed procedures. For a convenience of globally usage, the established system and corresponding database should be opened in ICL (if possible) or alternative international procedures. Finally, the emergency response support system with a view to global issues for large- scale landslide disasters will have been developed.
11. Beneficiaries of WCoE: (5 lines maximum; who directly benefits from the work?) Administrative officials and engineers related to slope hazards in many countries especially including the developing countries with mountainous areas as well as in Japan should be beneficiaries of the strong future activities authorized as the WCoE. All the colleagues accessing our database, including international organizations related to slope disaster prevention, can be beneficiaries, too.
12. References: 10 lines maximum, i.e. relevant publications, international/regional/national recognition supporting items 9-10. Ugai, K., Yagi, H., Wakai, A. eds. (2013) Earthquake-induced Landslides, Proc. of the International Symposium on Earthquake-induced Landslides, Japan, 2012, Springer. Yagi, H., Sato, G. Higaki, D., Yamamoto, M. and T. Yamasaki (2009)：Distribution and characteristics of landslides induced by the Iwate-Miyagi Nairiku Earthquake in 2008 in Tohoku District, Northeast Japan. Landslides, 6：335-344. JICA, Nippon Koei Co. Ltd. and Japan Landslide Society ：International seminar on Slope Disaster Management- Envisioning Safer Pakistan Disaster Risk Reduction for Safety Recovery from 8th Oct. 2005 Earthquake Damage, Islamabad, 2006. Japan Landslide Society (2013) Landslides in Japan (the Seventh Revision). Highland, L. M. and B. Peter, 2008, The landslide handbook- a guide to understanding landslides : reston Virginia, U.S. Geological Survey, Circular, 1325, 129p
Association for Disaster Prevention Research UNITWIN Headquarters Building 138-1 Tanaka-Asukai cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto University Uji Campus Kyoto 606-8226, Japan Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan Tel:+81 (75) 723 0640, Fax:+81(75) 950 0910 Tel: +81( 774 ) 38 4834, Fax: +81 (774) 38 4019 [email protected], URL: http://www.iplhq.org/
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Application Form for World Centre of Excellence on Landslide Risk Reduction
1. Name of Organization: Niigata University/ Research Institute for Natural Hazards and Disaster Recovery 2. Name of Leader: Hideaki Marui, Prof. Affiliation: position: Director of Research Institute for Natural Hazards and Disaster Recovery Contact: postal address: Ikarashi-Ninocho 8050, Nishi-Ku, Niigata, 950-2181 Japan
Fax: +81-25-262-7050
Phone: +81-25-262-7055
Email: [email protected] Core members of the activities Names/Affiliations: Naoki Watanabe, Ass. Prof. / Niigata University Chunxiang Wang, Ass. Prof. / Niigata University Hiroshi Kawabe, Prof. / Niigata University Gen Furuya, Ass. Prof. / Toyama Prefectural University 3. Date of Submission of Application: September 30, 2013 4. Activity scale and targeted region. 1) Global, 2) Intercontinental, 3) Continental, 4) Regional, 5) National 5. Short Title (10 words maximum) characterizing past and planned activities, Risk identification and land-use planning for disaster mitigation of landslides 6. Objectives for the initial 3 years: (5 lines maximum; what you expect to accomplish?) To develop land-use planning methodology in order to reduce landslide disasters through the basic scientific study of mechanism as well as of risk identification on landslide occurrence and the practical study of land-use planning. Advanced version of landslide hazard maps and land- use guidelines will be formulated for the targeting regions and countries. 7. Background Justification: (10 lines maximum) In recent decades we have experienced remarkable landslide disasters caused by strong earthquakes and intensive rainfalls. A large number of landslides were induced by the Chi-Chi earthquake in Taiwan (1999), by the Mid-Niigata Prefecture earthquake in Japan (2004), by the
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Northern Pakistan earthquake (2005), by the Wenchuan earthquake in China (2008) and so on. Risk identification and land-use planning have a significant importance for mitigation of landslide disasters. Our institute has accumulated sufficient research results for the purpose concerned through past research activities during the last three decades. We have been carried out our joint research project for the same purpose in Croatia. Our activities should be enlarged into other regions and countries which are heavily threatened by landslide disasters. 8. Resources available for WCoE activities Personnel, Facilities, Budgets, and Affiliation and Contribution to ICL/IPL-GPC. Our institute has established a task force for landslide disaster mitigation, which is composed of qualified researchers from all related sectors of Niigata University in order to carry out intensive field investigations and laboratory rest for the purpose. Niigata University got a special budget until end of this fiscal year to carry out our joint project between Japan and Croatia for the purpose concerned. This joint project has been authorized as an IPL-Project since 2009. Although the joint project its self will terminate end of March 2014, the research results should be applied for wider area of Adriatic and Balkan region. Therefore, we are going to make application for some new research funds for follow up activities. Our institute has been a regular member of the ICL since its establishment and participated in every important meetings and symposiums. 9. Description of past activities related to risk reduction of landslides and other related earth system disasters (30 lines maximum) A series of earthquakes in Niigata Prefecture, central Japan on 23 October 2004, strongest magnitude of which was M 6.8, generated thousands of landslides. Some of them formed landslide dams. Our institute organized a special research team and conducted field investigations for the recovery of the heavily damaged areas and for the accumulation of scientific information and knowledge. The 2005 Northern Pakistan Earthquake with M 7.6 occurred on 8 October. This earthquake destroyed 50% of the buildings in Muzaffarabad and killed up to 80,000 people of Pakistani Kashmir area. Our institute dispatched a researcher to the international symposium in Islamabad organized by the Geological Survey Pakistan in January 2006. After the symposium, field investigations were carried out including the largest landslide occurred in Hattian village. Follow up research activities were carried out about landslide risk assessment along the Muzaffarabad fault with dense cooperation of the
Association for Disaster Prevention Research UNITWIN Headquarters Building 138-1 Tanaka-Asukai cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto University Uji Campus Kyoto 606-8226, Japan Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan Tel:+81 (75) 723 0640, Fax:+81(75) 950 0910 Tel: +81( 774 ) 38 4834, Fax: +81 (774) 38 4019 [email protected], URL: http://www.iplhq.org/
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Geological Survey Pakistan. Our institute has dispatched a research delegation to Gansu Province of China in 2011 to carry out field investigations including heavily devastated areas by the Wenchuan Earthquake. In addition to the joint research project between Japan and Croatia, our institute is carrying out also research cooperation with Geological Survey Pakistan and as well as Gansu Landslide and Debris Flow Research Society for risk identification of target areas. In January 2010 in northern Pakistan a huge landslide occurred and slid soil mass blocked the Hunza River and formed a huge reservoir. Our institute has dispatched a researcher to evaluate danger degree of collapse of the huge landslide dam. Further in recent years in northwestern Pakistan potential danger of debris flow occurrence related with glacier break/melt is significantly increasing. Our institute has again dispatched a researcher to the Booni glacier area in order to give appropriate suggestions for mitigation of future disasters on the basis of filed investigations. Results of the research activities mentioned above were reported in several workshops and symposiums such as FAO/EFC Working Party on Management of Mountain Watersheds. 10. Planned future activities /Expected Results: (20 lines maximum; work phases and milestones) 1) The risk of landslide hazards for each individual target areas will be evaluated using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. 2) Advanced simulation method for estimation of landslide movement will be developed and applied for target areas. 3) Comprehensive observation of landslide movement and related factors will be carried out in target landslide areas (Grohovo landslide area and Kostanjek landslide area in Croatia). 4) Advanced hazard map as essential basic informstion for landslide disaster mitigation will be formulated based on the results of risk identification using AHP as well as simulation results of landslide movement. 5) Advance land-use guidelines for mitigation of landslide disaster will be formulated based on the hazard map with due consideration of societal, economical, cultural as well as natural conditions of the target areas. 6) International workshops and symposiums will be organized to exchange recent information and knowledge concerning “Risk identification and land-use planning for disaster mitigation of landslides”. 7) Future target areas will be expanded from the targeted areas during the past three years.
Association for Disaster Prevention Research UNITWIN Headquarters Building 138-1 Tanaka-Asukai cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto University Uji Campus Kyoto 606-8226, Japan Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan Tel:+81 (75) 723 0640, Fax:+81(75) 950 0910 Tel: +81( 774 ) 38 4834, Fax: +81 (774) 38 4019 [email protected], URL: http://www.iplhq.org/
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Research results through the past activities should be applied also for new areas. For example, we have made some pilot field investigations in a huge landslide area in Bulgaria as a possible new model research site. 11. Beneficiaries of WCoE: (5 lines maximum; who directly benefits from the work?) In the early stage of the activities, researchers and engineers as well as stake holders for landslide disaster mitigation in targeting mountainous regions will be beneficiaries. However, final beneficiaries should be inhabitants of mountainous regions which are significantly threatened by landslide disasters especially in developing countries. 12. References: 10 lines maximum, i.e. relevant publications, international/regional/national recognition supporting items 9-10. Our former “Research Center” was restructured and strengthened into new “Research Institute” since April 2011, in order to carry out necessary investigations and analyses much more effectively and intensively according to the purpose of WCoE. Certain research results from the first term of WCoE activities were presented in the thematic session in the 2nd World Landslide Forum in Rome in 2011. Kyoji Sassa, O. Nagai, R. Solidum, Y Yamazaki and H Ohta (2010): An integrated model s imulating the initiation and motion of earthquake & rain induced rapid landslides and its application to the 2006 Leyte landslide. Landslides, Vol.7, No.3, pp:219-236. Maja Ostric, Kyoji Sassa, Bin He , Kaoru Takara and Yosuke Yamashiki (2011). Portable Ring Shear Apparatus and its application. Proceedings of the Second World Landslide Forum, Landslide Science and Practice (Eds: Margottini, Canuti and Sassa), Vol. II - Early warning, instrumentation and monitoring, Springer (in Press). Chunxiang Wang, Hideaki Marui, Gen Furuya and Naoki Watanabe. Two integrated models simulating dynamic process of landslide using GIS. Proceedings of the Second World Landslide Forum, Landslide Science and Practice (Eds: Margottini, Canuti and Sassa), Springer (in Press). Martin Krkač, Snježana Mihalić, Pavle Ferić, Laszlo Podolszki, Aleksandar Toševski and Željko Arbanas Japanese - Croatian Project: Preliminary Investigations of the Kostanjek Landslide. Proceedings of the Second World Landslide Forum, Landslide Science and Practice (Eds: Margottini, et.al.), Springer (in Press) Maja Ostric,Kristijan Ljutic, Martin Krkac, Hendy Setiawan, Bin He, and Kyoji Sassa (2012). Undrained Ring Shear Tests Performed on Samples from Kostanjek and Grohovo Landslide. Proceedings of IPL Symposium (Eds: Sassa, Takara, He), Kyoto, 2012, pp:47-52.
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Zeljiko Arbanas, Kyoji Sassa, Hideaki Marui, Snjezana Mihalic (2012). Comprehensive monitoring system on the Grohovo Landslide, Croatia. Proceedings of 11th International Symposium on Landslides, Banff, Canada (in press).
Association for Disaster Prevention Research UNITWIN Headquarters Building 138-1 Tanaka-Asukai cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto University Uji Campus Kyoto 606-8226, Japan Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan Tel:+81 (75) 723 0640, Fax:+81(75) 950 0910 Tel: +81( 774 ) 38 4834, Fax: +81 (774) 38 4019 [email protected], URL: http://www.iplhq.org/
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Application Form for World Centre of Excellence on Landslide Risk Reduction
1. Name of Organization Slopes Engineering Branch, Public Works Department of Malaysia
2. Name of Leader Ir. Dr. Che Hassandi Abdullah Director, Slopes Engineering Branch
Contact: postal address, fax, phone, email Slopes Engineering Branch 12th Floor, Block F Public Works Department Headquarters Jalan Sultan Salahuddin 50582 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Phone Number : 603 6967351 Fax No : 603 2692 7010
Core members of the activities The main function of the branch is to monitor all slopes in Malaysia especially for roads. The responsibility includes design, forensic investigation, maintenance, technical advice, research and development, and preparation of guidelines and standards
Names/Affiliations: (4 individuals Maximum)
1. Ahmad Shuhaimi Ibrahim /Head of Unit, Research and Development Unit 2. Ir. Shabri bin Shaharom / Head of Unit, Slopes Hazard Mapping and Evaluation 3. Ir. Kamar bin Kassim /Head of Unit, Slope Safety Unit 4. Suhaimi Ismail / Head of Unit, Landslide Forensic
3. Date of Submission of Application 30 th September 2013
4. Activity scale and targeted region. 1) Global, 2) Intercontinental, 3) Continental, 4) Regional, 5) National
5. Short Title (10 words maximum) characterizing past and planned activities, Implementation of National Slope Master Plan
6. Objectives for the initial 3 years: (5 lines maximum; what you expect to accomplish?) i. Develop a plan for appropriate mitigation measures ii. Establish an effective system for landslide data collection and hazards information transfer iii. Inventorize susceptible areas and different types of landslide hazards and risks for landslide prone area iv. Develop awareness programme of landslide hazard to the general public, developers, engineers, scientists, decision makers, etc
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5. Background Justification: (10 lines maximum)
Major landslides that occurred in the recent years have caused losses of life, damage to property and disruption to socio-economic activities. The Malaysian Government is trying to reduce the risks and losses due to landslides. A National Slope Master Plan (NSMP) has been developed to institutionalized a comprehensive strategic and implementation plans that cover areas as diverse as institutional framework; hazard mapping; monitoring and warning systems; information collection, dissemination, interpretation and archiving; loss assessment; training; public awareness and education; research and development; loss reduction measures; and emergency preparedness. The NSMP is repleted with strategic directions, action plans and key performance indicator measures, the Master Plan helps planners set priorities on what needs to be done to stem the increasing tide of landslides.
8. Resources available for WCoE activities i. Registered member of International Landslide Center (ICL) ii. A dedicated Slopes Engineering Branch With 65 numbers of staff consisting of 31 civil and geotechnical engineers and four geologist and supporting staff from various background of experience with an annual budget of USD 65 million
9. Description of past activities related to risk reduction of landslides and other related earth system disasters (30 lines maximum) Slopes Engineering Branch of the Public Works Department (PWD), Malaysia is providing technical supports within the PWD and other government agencies; states and local authorities on matters pertaining to slope. Activities carried out include:- i. Produced hazard and risk maps in landslide prone areas ii. Public awareness campaigns to the public and community at risks iii. Collaborate with other relevant agencies to implement the NSMP action plans iv. Published guidelines and specification for slopes or assist other agencies in planning guidelines for development in hilly terrain areas v. Work with other agencies to review and revise legislation for better slope management and development vi. Review of development plans of major projects in hillsides vii. Monitoring of slope repairs and maintenance for federal and state roads in Malaysia viii. Carried out studies on regional and on-site warning system in landslide susceptible areas ix. Carried out NSMP study culminating in the publishing of the NSMP
10. Planned future activities /Expected Results: (20 lines maximum; work phases and milestones) i. Set up early warning system and real time monitoring structures for landslides in key areas (2014-2018) ii. Set up network of public and private agencies, research institution, specialists, NGOs and other stakeholders to augment the central agency capabilities and to encourage best practices (2014-2017) iii. Compile, iterate and disseminate all the data for loss assessment due to landslide affects. (2014 -2017) iv. Formulate appropriate legislations and guidelines for better slope management and controls (2014 -2017) v. Set up an emergency control centre with communication networks (2014 – 2022) vi. Develop Federal-State and public-private programmes to delineate landslide prone areas, to forecast the potential for landslides and to mitigate losses (2014-2022) vii. Establish the system infrastructure, data quality management control, set-up the slope catalog database and set up the site investigation records of landslide events (2014 -2022) viii. Develop standardised training template and conduct training on planning, hazards, prevention, risk reduction and preparedness pertaining to slopes (2014-2022)
11. Beneficiaries of WCoE: (5 lines maximum; who directly benefits from the work?) The main beneficiary of WCoE is the public, through actions taken by Slope Engineering Branch to assist and enlighten the relevant federal, state and local governments on matters 99 D18
pertaining to landslide mitigation and information dissemination and collection.
12. References: 10 lines maximum, i.e. relevant publications, international/regional/national recognition supporting items 9-10. i. National Slope Master Plan ii. Organising an International Slope Conference 2008 in Kuala Lumpur and co-organised International Slope Conference in Chiang Mai Thailand iii. Published slope maintenance manual entitled, ‘Slope Maintenance in Malaysia’ in 2006 iv. Published slope design guidelines in 2010 v. Published a keynote address in the 11th international and 2nd North American Symposium on Landslides in 2012. The paper was entitled,’ MALAYSIA’S NATIONAL SLOPE MASTER PLAN – FROM THEORY TO PRACTICE vi. Was recognised by ICL as WCoE from the year 2008 until 2011. Did not apply in 2011 because of the retirement of the then director of Slope Engineering Branch.
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Application Form for World Centre of Excellence on Landslide Risk Reduction
1. Name of Organization: Department of Geology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 2. Name of Leader: Ogbonnaya Igwe Affiliation: position : Associate Professor Contact: postal address, fax, phone, email: Department of Geology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, +2347061182286, [email protected] Core members of the activities Names/Affiliations: (4 individuals maximum): (1) Ogbonnaya Igwe, Department of Geology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka. (2) Hiroshi Fukuoka, Research Centre on Landslides, DPRI, Kyoto University, Japan. 3. Date of Submission of Application: 29th September, 2013 4. Activity scale and targeted region. 1) Global, 2) Intercontinental, 3) Continental, 4) Regional, 5) National 5. Short Title (10 words maximum) characterizing past and planned activities, such as – Scientific research for landslide risk analysis, -Development of advanced technology, -International education for mitigation and preparedness, -Disaster risk assessment of landslides threatening heritage sites, -Building human capacities and expertise in landslide disaster risk management, -Developing model policy frameworks, standards, and guidelines-, -Global or regional hazard mapping, vulnerability and risk assessment, - Integrated disaster risk management, and others. 6. Objectives for the initial 3 years: (5 lines maximum; what you expect to accomplish?): By means of IPL project 150, we have been able to increase awareness of Africans to landslide hazard. The WCoE project will build on these achievements. Our IPL project was the first to analyze landsides in Africa using the Ring shear apparatus at the Research Centre on Landslides, Kyoto University. Papers have been published in impact factor journals. We want to sustain this effort during our WCoE project. 7. Background Justification: (10 lines maximum): At Nanka Enugu area in Nigeria, there is one of the biggest landside sites in the world with a depth of about 700 m and length of about 1 km. Similarly, complex Avalanche and debris flow are common in the highlands bounding Nigeria and Cameroon, and at Iva Valley area, south-east Nigeria. They have killed many and destroyed resources worth several millions of dollars. Because of their frequency and high speed of movement, rainfall induced landslides are a major geologic hazard in these hilly regions. The areas have been affected by past failures, and are
Association for Disaster Prevention Research UNITWIN Headquarters Building 138-1 Tanaka-Asukai cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto University Uji Campus Kyoto 606-8226, Japan Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan Tel:+81 (75) 723 0640, Fax:+81(75) 950 0910 Tel: +81( 774 ) 38 4834, Fax: +81 (774) 38 4019 [email protected], URL: http://www.iplhq.org/
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subject to future potential debris flow, rock-fall and avalanche hazard. To minimize the potential effects of landslides thereby preserve the environment, in-depth understanding of the processes that govern slope behavior and adoption of adequate landslide prevention strategy and measures for landslide hazard mitigation are a necessity. 8. Resources available for WCoE activities Personnel, Facilities, Budgets, and Affiliation and Contribution to ICL/IPL-GPC.: A collaborative work between University of Nigeria, Nsukka and Research Centre on Landslides, Kyoto University is proposed. A pool of personnel and facilities from the two institutions will benefit the research. The work will be in three phases. Each phase will take an average of 4,000 dollars. We intend to raise the money from disaster mitigation institutions in Nigeria. A certificate from ICL will help us raise the money. The research will increase awareness of ICL activities in Africa. 9. Description of past activities related to risk reduction of landslides and other related earth system
disasters (30 lines maximum): We have worked on IPL Project 150. The project produced 3 journal
publications and 3 conference papers. The capacity of Nigerians to survive landslide hazard was also
improved. The research found that bedrock attitude and structures, soil composition, weathering,
water infiltration, nature and removal of vegetation, and erosion at the foot of the slope are the
major factors inducing failure in the area.
10. Planned future activities /Expected Results: (20 lines maximum; work phases and milestones): It is
important to do more research on the causes of instability in the vulnerable slopes. A relation between
rainfall and landslides will aid forecast and early warning process. An on-going research aims at deriving
a threshold rainfall for landslide occurrence in south eastern Nigeria. A 40- year rainfall data obtained at
metrological stations in the region has been helpful in this regard, although the stations need to be
upgraded with modern, precise rain gauges. We have also started a program to reduce soil erosion (which
is a main agent of destabilization) in the slopes through International Program on Landslides, Project 150.
Past research has interpreted instability in terms of relative density, excess pore pressure and shear strength parameters. But hidden within the geologic history of the slope deposits may be other important factors that can contribute to the initiation of instability. For instance, the geostatic state of stress may be affected by Association for Disaster Prevention Research UNITWIN Headquarters Building 138-1 Tanaka-Asukai cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto University Uji Campus Kyoto 606-8226, Japan Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan Tel:+81 (75) 723 0640, Fax:+81(75) 950 0910 Tel: +81( 774 ) 38 4834, Fax: +81 (774) 38 4019 [email protected], URL: http://www.iplhq.org/
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temperature, aging, capillary action, desiccation, pore-water chemistry, and previously experienced passive failure. These factors have to be evaluated and compared to results, if any, in other parts of the world with similar climatic, geomorphological, hydrological and geologic settings.
11. Beneficiaries of WCoE: (5 lines maximum; who directly benefits from the work?): ICL and Africans will benefit from the research. The poor people who live at the most hazardous places are the immediate beneficiaries. 12. References: 10 lines maximum, i.e. relevant publications, international/regional/national recognition supporting items 9-10.
Igwe O (2012) ICL/IPL regional activities in West Africa. Landslides (2012) 9:433-437
Igwe O, Fukuoka H (2010) Environmental and socioeconomic impact of erosion in Nigeria, West Africa. International Journal of Erosion Control Engineering 3(1):102–109.
Igwe O, Fukuoka H, Sassa K (2012) The effect of relative density and confining stress on shear properties of sands with varying grading. Geotech Geol Eng. 30: 1207-1229.
Igwe O (2013) ICL/IPL activities in West Africa: landslide risk assessment and hazard mapping approach. Landslides 10:515–521
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Application Form for World Centre of Excellence on Landslide Risk Reduction
1. Name of Organization Sergeev Institute of Environmental Geoscience RAS (IEG RAS)
2. Name of Leader Dr. Svalova Valentina Affiliation: position Sergeev Institute of Environmental Geoscience RAS, Head of International Projects Department, Leading Scientist Contact: postal address, fax, phone, email Ulansky per., 13, PB 145, Moscow 101000, Russia 7-495-607-47-26(tel)/623-18-86(fax), [email protected] Core members of the activities Names/Affiliations: (4 individuals maximum) 1.Prof. , Corr.-Member RAS Nikolaev A.V., Director of Seismological Center IEG RAS, 2. Dr. Mironov O., Head of Lab. of Geoinformation and Computer Mapping, 3. Dr. Batrak G., Senior Scientist, hydrogeologist, 4. Ginzburg A., Head of Department of Information and Measurement Systems 3. Date of Submission of Application 30 September 2013 4. Activity scale and targeted region. 1) Global, 2) Intercontinental, 3) Continental, 4) Regional, 5) National Regional. Russia, Moscow (In collaboration and comparison with Taiwan, Italy, India, )
5. Short Title (10 words maximum) characterizing past and planned activities, such as – Scientific research for landslide risk analysis, -Development of advanced technology, -International education for mitigation and preparedness, -Disaster risk assessment of landslides threatening heritage sites, -Building human capacities and expertise in landslide disaster risk management, -Developing model policy frameworks, standards, and guidelines-, -Global or regional hazard mapping, vulnerability and risk assessment, - Integrated disaster risk management, and others. Landslide modeling, monitoring, advanced technology development and risk reduction.
6. Objectives for the initial 3 years: (5 lines maximum; what you expect to accomplish?) Elaboration of mechanical-mathematical model for landslide process . Investigation of trigger mechanism for landslide process. Monitoring system promotion. Geophysical research in earthquake areas. Alarm and early warning systems elaboration.
Association for Disaster Prevention Research UNITWIN Headquarters Building 138-1 Tanaka-Asukai cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto University Uji Campus Kyoto 606-8226, Japan Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan Tel:+81 (75) 723 0640, Fax:+81(75) 950 0910 Tel: +81( 774 ) 38 4834, Fax: +81 (774) 38 4019 [email protected], URL: http://www.iplhq.org/
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7. Background Justification: (10 lines maximum) Revealing of the reasons and the mechanism of activization of landslides process is an actual scientific problem. The basic toolkit of research is the system of monitoring including supervision over deformation behavior of an soil massif (extensometer , inclinometer , geodetic supervision) and behind the factors determining its stress - deformed condition (piezometer , gauges of porous pressure, geophysical researches). There are theoretical and methodical development in the field of typification of landslides, revealing of the mechanism of deformation of landslides slopes, experience of monitoring of landslides process, including deep landslides. 8. Resources available for WCoE activities Personnel, Facilities, Budgets, and Affiliation and Contribution to ICL/IPL-GPC. More than 20 scientists from 8 Laboratories of IEG RAS will be involved in the Project working in geology, hydrogeology, seismology, engineering geology, monitoring devices, GIS- technology, modeling, risk analysis. Budget is formed on the base of governmental support, applied contracts, RFBR (Russian Fund for Basic Research), International Projects (Russia-Italy, Russia-Taiwan, Russia-India , Russia-Hungary, Russia-Bulgaria). 9. Description of past activities related to risk reduction of landslides and other related earth system disasters (30 lines maximum) Landslide hazard together with other natural hazards are the main subjects of research of IEG RAS during 15 years. Scientists working in geology, hydrogeology, seismology, engineering geology, monitoring devices construction, GIS-technology, modeling, risk analysis actively work at landslide problem. The main results achieved in Laboratories: Lab. of Exogenous Geodynamics Lab. of Soil and Rock Engineering and Mechanics Lab. of Geoenvironment of Moscow and Megacities Lab. of Geological Risk Analysis Lab. of Geoinformation and Computer Mapping Lab. of Investigation of Soil and Rock Composition and Properties Dep. of Information and Measurement Systems Seismological Center 10. Planned future activities /Expected Results: (20 lines maximum; work phases and milestones) Mechanical model of the process could help to analyze and forecast the behavior of material of landslide. Comparison of results of modeling and results of monitoring is a clue for deep understanding of landslide process and optimization of monitoring system.
Association for Disaster Prevention Research UNITWIN Headquarters Building 138-1 Tanaka-Asukai cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto University Uji Campus Kyoto 606-8226, Japan Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan Tel:+81 (75) 723 0640, Fax:+81(75) 950 0910 Tel: +81( 774 ) 38 4834, Fax: +81 (774) 38 4019 [email protected], URL: http://www.iplhq.org/
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1) Organization of monitoring for maintenance of normal functioning of city infrastructure and duly realization of effective protective actions. 2) Elaboration of mechanical-mathematical model for landslide process on the base of Navier- Stocks equation. 3) Investigation of trigger mechanism for landslide process. Monitoring system promotion. 4) Geophysical research in earthquake areas. Alarm and early warning systems elaboration.
11. Beneficiaries of WCoE: (5 lines maximum; who directly benefits from the work?) Recommendations of the project can be used for optimal construction of monitoring systems, for decision makers, education and development of alarm and early warning devices. 12. References: 10 lines maximum, i.e. relevant publications, international/regional/national recognition supporting items 9-10. Svalova V. Risk reduction for landslide hazards. Modeling and monitoring. Proceedings of International scientific conference “Natural risks: analysis, estimation, mapping”. Moscow, MSU, 2013, 157-163.
Svalova V. Mechanical modeling and seismic-deformation monitoring for landslide processes. Abstracts of 34 IGC, Australia, 2012.
Svalova V.B. Mechanical-mathematical modeling and monitoring for landslide processes.// Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering. 2011, V 5, N 10, 1282-1287.
Svalova V., Sharkov. Е. Geological-Geomechanical Simulation of the Late Cenozoic Geodynamics in the Alpine- Mediterranean Mobile Belt. // New Frontiers in Tectonic Research - General Problems, Sedimentary Basins and Island Arcs. 2011, INTECH, Croatia, 18-38.
V.B. Svalova. Landslide hazards in Moscow and mechanical-mathematical modeling for landslide processes. Abstract of AGU (American Geophysical Union) Meeting of Americas, Brazil, Iguassu Fall, August 2010.
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V.B. Svalova. Mechanical-mathematical modeling for sedimentary movement and landslide processes. CD Proceedings of the International Association for Mathematical Geosciences Meeting (IAMG 2009), Stanford, California, USA, August 23-28, 2009. 15 pp.
Svalova V. Mechanical-mathematical modeling of gravitational movement of masses on landslide slope. Proceedings of Sergeev’s Readings, Moscow, 2009, 5 pp.
V.B. Svalova "Mechanical-mathematical modeling and monitoring for landslide process", Abstracts of International Conference Geohazards 2009, Taiwan.
Keh-Jian Shou, A.V. Nikolaev, I.P. Bashilov, V.B. Svalova, C.C. Lin, S.T. Song "Theory and methods of earthquake early warning systems for underground pipelines and hazardous slopes", Abstracts of International Conference Geohazards 2009, Taiwan.
Y. N. Zubko, A.V. Nikolaev, I.P. Bashilov, V.B. Svalova "Autonomous portable seismic receiver with digital registration for seismological studies". Abstracts of International Conference Geohazards 2009, Taiwan.
Svalova, V.B., Postoev, G.P. Landslide process activization: modeling and monitoring Abstracts of 33 International Geological Congress, Oslo, Norway, 2008.
Svalova V., Postoev G. Landslide Process Activization on Sites of Cultural Heritage in Moscow, Russia. Proceedings of the First World Landslide Forum 2008, Tokyo, Japan, 4pp.
Svalova, V.B. Landslides Threatening Heritage Sites in Russia. Proceedings of ICDM2008 (International Conference on Disaster Prevention Technology and Mitigation Education). Taiwan, 2008
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Application Form for World Centre of Excellence on Landslide Risk Reduction
1. Name of Organization: Geodynamics Research Center – branch of JSC "Hydroproject Institute" & Institute of Seismology of National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic 2. Name of Leader: Alexander Strom Affiliation: Head of seismic hazard assessment department Contact: Volokolamskoe Shosse, 2, 125993, Moscow, Russia. Fax +7 499 158 08 79; Tel +7 910 455 34 05, [email protected] Core members of the activities Names/Affiliations: Kanatbek Abdrakhmatov, Director of Institute of Seismology of National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic 3. Date of Submission of Application. 30.09.2013 4. Activity scale and targeted region. Global/Regional – Central Tien Shan (Participants from over the whole world visit training course in the Tien Shan)
5. Short Title: International Summer School on Rockslides and Related Phenomena in the Kokomeren River Valley, Tien Shan, Kyrgyzstan 6. Objectives for the initial 3 years: Carry out annual field training course on morphology and internal structure of large-scale catastrophic bedrock landslides and on geological and geomorphic conditions favorable for their formation. 7. Background Justification: The main joint activity of both institutes is the organization of the annual field training course in the Tien Shan aimed to acquaint students and young landslide researchers with bedrock landslides of various types, with different methods of their study and with geological and neotectonic factors favorable for large-scale landslide formation. The Kokomeren River basin have been selected due to unique variability of rockslides and rock avalanches types and morphologies within a limited and easily accessible area. Besides there are expressive neotectonic structures, active faults and surface ruptures, which allow better understanding of geological and seismotectonic framework in which large rockslides have occurred. 8. Resources available for WCoE activities: Field training courses in Kokomeren River valley have been organized since 2006. Organizational problems (local transportation, camping, food,
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etc.) have been solved successfully. Field trips are guided by the WCoE leader Dr. Alexander Strom. 9. Description of past activities related to risk reduction of landslides and other related earth system disasters: Annual training course has been carried out since 2006 (in 2010 it was skipped due to political crisis in Kyrgyzstan). During these years it was attended by more than 50 participants from Argentina, Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, China (including Hong Kong), France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Kyrgyzstan, New Zealand, Russia, Switzerland, Spain, Tajikistan and USA. Acquaintance with demonstrated past catastrophic rockslides and rock avalanches will help better and more realistic assessment of hazards caused by similar modern phenomena. 10. Planned future activities /Expected Results: We plan to continue annual training courses and to familiarize new students and young landslide researchers with interesting and didactic case studies. Besides, together with European colleagues we will try to organize similar field courses in the Alps, in Austria, Northern Italy and Switzerland where numerous ‘classical’ case studies described in most of textbooks on rockslides are located. It will be very interesting to compare the Alpine and Central Asian examples and to show them to young researchers from different countries starting their professional career.
11/ Beneficiaries of WCoE: Researchers and practitioners working in the fields of landslide hazard and risk assessment and mitigation. 12. References:
Strom, A. Rockslides and Rock Avalanches in the Kokomeren River Valley (Kyrgyz Tien Shan). Proceedings of 1st Regional Symposium on Landslides in the Adriatic-Balkan Region with 3rd Workshop of the Japanese-Croatian Project on ‘Risk Identification and Land-Use Planning for Disaster Mitigation of Landslides and Floods in Croatia’ Zagreb (Croatia), 7-9 March 2013
Strom, A., Abdrakhmatov K. International Summer School on Rockslides and Related Phenomena in the Kokomeren River Valley, Tien Shan, Kyrgyzstan: IPL-106-2 Project and WCoE. Paper submitted to the WLF-3.
Association for Disaster Prevention Research UNITWIN Headquarters Building 138-1 Tanaka-Asukai cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto University Uji Campus Kyoto 606-8226, Japan Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan Tel:+81 (75) 723 0640, Fax:+81(75) 950 0910 Tel: +81( 774 ) 38 4834, Fax: +81 (774) 38 4019 [email protected], URL: http://www.iplhq.org/
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Application Form for World Centre of Excellence on Landslide Risk Reduction 2014-2017
1. Name of Organization: University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering (UL FGG) 2. Name of Leader: Ana Petkovšek Affiliation: position: Assistant Professor, UL FGG, University of Ljubljana Contact: postal address: Jamova c. 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia Fax: +386 1 425 0681 Phone: +386 1 4768 541 E-mail: ana.petkovš[email protected] Core members of the activities - Names/Affiliations: Janko Logar, Assoc. Prof., Matjaž Mikoš/Prof., Dušan Petrovič/Assist.Prof., Mojca Kosmatin Fras/Assist.Prof. 3. Date of Submission of Application: October 5, 2014 4. Activity scale and targeted region: 4) Regional 5. Short Title: Mechanisms of landslides and creep in over-consolidated clays and flysch 6. Objectives for the initial 3 years: The main scientific objective of the center activities is to determine the role of suction and viscosity in flysch landslide dynamics. By using detailed field monitoring data on weathering factors, and field and laboratory data on soil characteristics (water content, suction, viscosity at different shear rate), new functional relationship between water content, shear stress, and suction for flysch landslides will be developed. In the past period, mainly suction was investigated. In the next 3 years we will focus on laboratory investigation of creep under known applied shear stress ratio under constant volume and known suction. We will compare the results, gathered from the field monitoring at the two different large landslides at the Vipava valley in W Slovenia with the results of modeling, based on the newly acquired laboratory data, using the model, developed by Maček (2012). The second part of laboratory activities will include rheological investigations of the material from the Slano blato landslide material as well as the material from the newly excavated remnants of an old mudflow from the bottom of the Vipava valley in Ajdovščina. The Brookfield rotational rheometer will be used to define the interdependency between the mud flow concentration, the shear rate and the viscosity. The comparison of properties of an old and the newly developed mud flow material will be done. The remote sensing techniques to monitor the landslide topography and to estimate volumetric changes of flysch rocks in the field will be used. In addition, we will extend our research on the monitoring and visualization of debris flows in the mountainous areas, using remote sensing techniques and modern cartographic visualization tools.
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7. Background Justification: On the slopes in Slovenia built from highly over-consolidated clays and flysch, periodically repeated triggering of landslides has been observed within the last 250 years. Within the last 10 years, the slope movement processes have been intensified and spread to the new areas. It was found that within a given time, a certain thickness of bedrock is softened due to weathering, mostly due to rain percolation and frost effects. At the same time it was found, that under certain environmental conditions, the softened flysch can transforms into slow moving earth flows and that carbonate debris, accumulated at flysch surface can transform in the fast moving debris flow. It is important to improve our knowledge about mechanisms that influence softening rate of flysch as well as to determine the role of viscosity to the rate of two main types of mass movements – the slowly moving earth flow and the fast debris flow. In the Alpine regions of Slovenia, steep terrain (partly forested but mostly bare rocky) is dangerous for debris flow, which can cause economic and human loss. New remote sensing techniques and cartographic tools enable flexible and accurate measurements in the field, highly quality interactive and dynamic visualization of data and visual presentation of different possible scenarios. The following remote sensing technologies will be implemented: terrestrial laser scanning (TLS), unmanned aerial system (UAS) and digital photogrammetry. 8. Resources available for WCoE activities: Altogether 15 researchers of the chairs of Soil Mechanics, Hydrology and Hydraulic Engineering, & Cartography, Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 2 young researchers, 1 early stage researcher will work on this theme, soil mechanics laboratory, field instrumentation for measuring suction installed on the Slano Blato landslide, photogrammetric and remote sensing equipment, 5-year research program “Geoinformation infrastructure and sustainable spatial development of Slovenia” & 5-year research program “Hydraulics, Hydrology, and Geotechnics”, research co-operation within INTERPRAEVENT (Europe, Taiwan, Japan) and ICL (active ICL member since 2009, taking parts in ICL symposia and world landslides forums). At the same time, the activities at the MWL (Mediterranean Workshops on Landslides) were initiated also by the members of the staff from the Chair of Soil Mechanics and will start with the first MWL in October 2013 at the University of Napoli (Italy). The main objective of the newly developed MWL is to bring together experts from the Mediterranean countries that all meet hard soils-weak rocks of broad interest for all countries located in the Mediterranean basin, posing special problems (as the triggering of large and rapid earth flows) that the classic Soil and Rock Mechanics cannot fully solve. 9. Description of past activities related to risk reduction of landslides and other related earth system disasters: The WCoE was active in the two periods 2008-20011 & 2011-2014 on one of the largest landslides in Slovenia, i.e. Slano Blato that was firstly mentioned 230 years ago and activated, again in autumn 2000; it is one of the best documented landslides in the Balkan Peninsula (two profiles with suction probes; on-
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line monitoring of suction; field meteorological station; on-line CCTV observation of the landslide surface). The field experimentations were combined with comprehensive laboratory tests (mineralogy, chemistry of pore water, physical properties) performed on samples from the bore-holes and investigation pits. In 2011, the cyclic simple shear apparatus was modified to measure soil suction (suction simple shear apparatus - SSSA), and based on laboratory measurements a new material model was developed. Most of the results are reported in a PhD dissertation. In 2012, we established research cooperation with ETH Zürich (Prof. Springman). In 2012, the center was also active in preparation of ICL regional and thematic networks. As initiator we took over as coordinator the ICL Landslide monitoring and warning thematic network and we are active ICL member in the newly established ICL Adriatic-Balkan network. In 2012-13, we worked on a two-year bilateral project with Serbia (University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mining and Geology, coordinator Dr. Biljana Abolmasov) titled “Adriatic-Balkan Regional Network: Landslide Risk Mitigation for Society and Environment”. In 2012, we finished our collaboration in the Alpine Space (European) project PARAmount, and in September 2012, we started international collaboration in the Alpine Space (European) project SedAlp “Sediment management in Alpine basins: integrating sediment continuum, risk mitigation and hydropower”, where part of research activities will be focused on a sediment budget analysis of a torrential watershed with the assessment of shallow landslide contribution to the overall sediment yield in the investigated watersheds. In October 2013 we plan to start our cooperation with the Geological Survey of Slovenia in the Alpine Space project START_it_up to make a comprehensive overview of the European projects and their conclusions and recommendations in the last 10 years in the field of debris flows mitigation. 10. Planned future activities /Expected Results: The planed work aims to further clarify the mechanisms of softening and creep in unsaturated clayey soils and weak clay stones as well as to clarify the circumstances under which the slow moving masses start to behave as an earth flow. For better understanding of water movements of the Slano blato landslide soil water retention curves for suctions higher than 450 kPa and at different total stresses should be measured. For these measurements a suction oedometer will be developed (in 2013-2014). The interdependency between the total stress, void ratio, saturation and suction will be measured. Such tests are also needed for observation of flysch degradation. In the past, it was found that observation of positive pore water pressure is as important as observation of soil suction in the top soil. When the suction decreases to zero, a positive water pressure may appear also in the top layer. A BAT piezometer should be installed near the location of soil suction measurements in 2013/2014. Based on the first laboratory creep tests, field observation and model prediction we can suspect that the landslide movements are probably due to loss of slope stability and large viscous forces. With the Laboratory investigation of viscosity and the influence of the shear rate to the viscosity, using
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the large viscometer and the rheometer will be performed in 2013-2015. A material model will be improved based on new investigations (2015). The monitoring of the topography and volumetric changes of the Slano Blato landslide will be implemented in the next 3 years: - Field measurements (two times) with different techniques (TLS, UAS, digital photogrammetry) and their comparison will be accomplished; based on the results the operational procedure will be proposed (in the 1st year). The most descriptive cartographic visualization tool for presenting the results will be investigated and proposed as well. - Implementation of field measurements, according to the proposed procedure, and cartographic visualization, will be accomplished in the 2nd and 3rd year. In 2014-15 we plan a bilateral project together with the University of Rijeka, Croatia (ICL member in Croatia). In 2014-17, further activities as ICL members in the Adriatic-Balkan regional network and the thematic network Landslide monitoring and warning thematic network are planned. We plan to focus on the overview of landslide monitoring techniques. 11. Beneficiaries of WCoE: Different parties will benefit from the proposed project. Firstly, from the geotechnical point of view general knowledge of flysch landslides will be improved, especially how dormant state of such a landslide is related to soil properties and water conditions. Secondly, the project results will help to plan and execute efficient mitigation measures for the Slano Blato landslide. Thirdly, the new creep investigation, combined with the data from the field monitoring in inclinometers at the motorway near Rebernice will help to explain and to improve the understanding of mechanisms that govern the long term creep on huge area bellow the Nanos region. Fourthly, the newest remote sensing and cartographic techniques will be investigated for this area of applications and a proposal for their operational use will be developed. And finally, scientific results will also be disseminated to regional stakeholder through summer schools and regional conferences. 12. References: Maček, M., Mauko, A., Mladenovič, A., Majes, B., Petkovšek, A. (2013). A comparison of methods used to characterize the soil specific surface area of clays. Applied clay science 83-84, 144-152. Petkovšek, A., Maček, M., Mikoš, M., Majes, B. (2013). Mechanisms of Active Landslides in Flysch. In: Sassa, K., Briceño, S., McSaveney, M., He, B., Rouhban, B. (Eds.). Landslides: Global Risk Preparedness. Berlin: Springer Verlag, 149-164. Mikoš, M., Jemec Auflič, M., Ribičič, M., Čarman, M., Komac, M. (2013). Earthquake-induced Landslides in Slovenia: Historical Evidence and Present Analyses. In: Ugai, K., Yagi, H., Wakai, A. (Eds.). Earthquake- induced Landslides: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Earthquake-induced Landslides, Kiryu, Japan, 2012. Springer Verlag, 225-233. Sodnik, J., Podobnikar, T., Petje, U., Mikoš, M. (2013). Topographic data and numerical debris-flow modeling. In: Margottini, C., Canuti, P., Sassa, K. (Eds.). Landslide Science and Practice. Vol. 1, Landslide Inventory and Susceptibility and Hazard Zoning. Berlin; Heidelberg: Springer, 573-578. Pulko, B., Majes, B., Mikoš, M. (2013). Reinforced concrete shafts for the structural mitigation of large deep-
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seated landslides: an experience from the Macesnik and the Slano blato landslides (Slovenia). Landslides, doi: 10.1007/s10346-012-0372-2. Grigillo, D., Kosmatin Fras, M., Petrovič, D. (2012). Automated building extraction from IKONOS images in suburban areas. International journal of remote sensing 33(16), 5149-5170. Sodnik, J., Mikoš, M. (2012). Recent developments in assessing debris-flow hazard in Slovenia. In: Ožanić, N., Arbanas, Ž., Mihalić, S., Marui, H., Dragčević, N. (Eds.). Proceedings of the 2nd Project Workshop of the Croatia - Japan Project on Risk Identification and Land-use Planning for Disaster Mitigation of Landslides and Floods in Croatia, 2011, Rijeka. Rijeka: University of Rijeka, 2012, 159-162. Mikoš, M. (2012). The ICL landslide monitoring and warning thematic network. Landslides 9(4), 565-569. Sodnik, J., Vrečko, A., Podobnikar, T., Mikoš, M. (2012). Digital terrain models and mathematical modelling of debris flows. Geodetski vestnik 56(4). 826-837, http://www.geodetski-vestnik.com/56/4/gv56-4_826-837.pdf. Sodnik, J., Podobnikar, T., Mikoš, M. (2012). Using lidar data for debris flow modelling. In: Koboltschnig, G., Hübl, J., Braun, J. (Eds.). Proceedings of the 12th Congress INTERPRAEVENT 2012 Klagenfurt: International Research Society INTERPRAEVENT, 573-583. Mikoš, M., Sodnik, J., Podobnikar, T., Fidej, G., Bavec, M., Celarec, B., Jež, J., Rak, G., Papež, J. (2012). PARAmount - European research project on transport infrastructure safety in the Alps. In: Sassa, K., Takara, K., He, B. (Eds.). Proceedings IPL Symposium Kyoto 2012. Tokyo: ICL, 111-118. Petkovšek, A., Fazarinc, R., Kočevar, M., Maček, M., Majes, B., Mikoš, M. (2011). The Stogovce landslide in SW Slovenia triggered during the September 2010 extreme rainfall event. Landslides 8/4, 499-506.
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Application for World Centre of Excellence on Landslide Risk Reduction
1. Name of Organization CENTRAL ENGINEERING CONSULTANCY BUREAU, Sri Lanka – ICL/IPL – GPC Member, Since 2008
2. Name of Leader(WCoE) : Eng. Nihal Rupasinghe Affiliation: Chairman Contact: No 415, Bauddhaloka Mawatha, Colombo 7, Sri Lanka Tel : +94 11 2668800 or + 94 11 2505688 Fax: +94 11 2687369 or +94 11 2598215 Email: [email protected]
Deputy Team Leader / WCoE Eng. A A Virajh Dias Affiliation: Senior Consultant Contact: No 415, Bauddhaloka Mawatha, Colombo 7, Sri Lanka Tel : +94 11 2505688 Fax: +94 11 2598215 Email: [email protected] Core members of the activities Eng. S S I Kodagoda Project Manager /Geotechnical Engineer Dr. J S M Fowze Geotechnical Engineer Ms. H M J M K Herath Engineering Geologist
3. Date of Submission of Application – 13th September 2013
4. Activity scale and targeted region. 1) Global, 2) Intercontinental, 3) Continental, 4) Regional, 5) National
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5. Short Title (10 words maximum) Developing model policy frameworks, standards, and guidelines
6. Objectives for the initial 3 years: (5 lines maximum; what you expect to accomplish?)
1. Establishment of IPL Network in Physical Modeling & Material Testing - 2014 2. Development of Design Specifications, Standards and Guideline for the Hill Country Road Construction in Sri Lanka with the assistance of UNU, Tokyo and the Department of Civil Engineering , University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka – 2015-2017 3. Conducting Workshop leading to practicing and familiarizing the above guideline locally as well as regionally with the assistance from the ADPC, UNDP and Disaster Management Centre, Sri Lanka.
7. Background Justification: (10 lines maximum)
The institution is a member of the ICL/IPL-GPC since 2008. CECB is a corporate body established in 1973 to provide engineering consultancy services with a commitment to sustainable development. We highly treasure our Scientific Integrity, Workplace Diversity, Intellectual Honesty, Courtesy and Respect to our valued cliental. The Bureau is highly respected and is a well established institution with a solid long term record in the planning and execution of projects and was awarded the ISO 9001 – 2008 quality management certification on November 2011. We jointly collaborate by uniting expertise from state universities namely University of Peradeniya, University of Colombo and state regulatory agencies; such as Road Development Authority (RDA), National Building Research Organization (NBRO), Disaster Management Centre (DMC) and Irrigation Department (ID). In terms of the Institutional Disaster Management Research network our main objectives are to focus on the investigation, design and construction phases of ongoing projects and improve the existing design methods as well as create more innovative designs with regards to the construction phase. We do research to improve the quality of construction and construction management, by enhancing the effectiveness of the investigation and the design phases.
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8. Resources available for WCoE activities
Centre for Research & Development of CECB
At Centre for Research & Development, we believe that research is an organized and systematic way of finding answers to questions. Our approach when it comes to conducting research is unique, where all the attention is focused on the compelling needs of our client and the nation as a whole. It has a broad scope which is structured under four disciplines Institutional, Industrial, National and the Global networks. Our multi disciplinary Engineering & Scientific approach evolves through a broad spectrum of research and development which consist of three main categories; Investigation, Design Implementation and Disaster Mitigation. Personnel - In-house large professional staff including civil/geotechnical engineers, planners, geologists, chemists, biologists, computer programmers including Independent administration and financial Unit. Other Facilities - Large auditorium(about 120 nos); in-house mini lecture room facility; advanced soil laboratory facility; chemical and environmental facility; field instrumentation and geotechnical investigation unit Budgets - Local funds available for local training, research and documentation Affiliation and Contribution to ICL/IPL-GPC- Member of the ICL/IPL-GPC from 2008
9. Description of past activities related to risk reduction of landslides and other related earth system disasters (30 lines maximum)
Landslides
During the aftermath of year 2003 devastating impact caused by landslides in Rathnapura District a task force was created for the implementation of landslide mitigation works to actively propose an Action Plan, to assess the extent of the impact and degree of hazard of each locality in the District. The Operational Professional Combine was formulated in this stage with main objective being to provide a detailed inventory of existing instabilities of the respective study areas and identify the need of immediate evacuations of people from hazardous locations.The main focus of this project was to inspect the impact areas of sloping terrain and gathering data to help formulate the future activities. The inspections conducted were categorized into various instabilities such as bank failures, landslides, rock falls, soil flows and debris flows.
Association for Disaster Prevention Research UNITWIN Headquarters Building 138-1 Tanaka-Asukai cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto University Uji Campus Kyoto 606-8226, Japan Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan Tel:+81 (75) 723 0640, Fax:+81(75) 950 0910 Tel: +81( 774 ) 38 4834, Fax: +81 (774) 38 4019 [email protected], URL: http://www.iplhq.org/
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Until mid night of 15th June 2003, the Operation Professional Combine investigated 316 localities and identified 139 high risk zones which need 754 immediate evacuations, 73 moderate risk zones where 497 families were warned and 101 low to very low risk zones where 444 families were made aware of the landslide risk who could move back to their original locality.
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
Sri Lanka being a small island nation falls into the United Nations Framework Convention on climate change (UNFCCC) and Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC’s) category of “vulnerable status”, which cannot be ruled out from serious threats of climate change. Sri Lanka ratified the UNFCCC on Climate Change on 16 March 1993, and has submitted its Initial National Communication (INC) to the UNFCCC on 27 October 2000.
We at CECB are focused on developing and improving adaptation strategies to the changing climate in our environment. Adaptation to climate and variability necessitates the adjustment of a system to moderate the impact of climate change, to take advantage of new opportunities, and to cope with the consequences. Adaptation involves the action that people take in response to, or in anticipation of, projected or actual changes in climate to reduce adverse impacts or take advantage of the opportunities posed by climate change. Adaptations simply does not relate to technical measures aimed at infrastructure, such as higher flood dams, levees and landslide barriers, but also to enabling activities and frameworks that enhance ecosystems’ resilience to cope with altered climatic conditions. Some adaptation strategies include maintaining the natural biodiversity of ecosystems to reduce their vulnerability and vegetating river bank slopes threatened by flood erosion.
IPL Registered Projects
IPL143 - Evaluation of Sensitivity of the Combined Hydrological Model (Dynamic) for Landslide Susceptibility Risk Mapping in Sri Lanka – Completed 2012
IPL155 - Determination of Soil Parameters of Subsurface to be Used in Slope Stability Analysis in two Different Precipitations Zones of Sri Lanka - on going
Association for Disaster Prevention Research UNITWIN Headquarters Building 138-1 Tanaka-Asukai cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto University Uji Campus Kyoto 606-8226, Japan Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan Tel:+81 (75) 723 0640, Fax:+81(75) 950 0910 Tel: +81( 774 ) 38 4834, Fax: +81 (774) 38 4019 [email protected], URL: http://www.iplhq.org/
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10. Planned future activities /Expected Results: (20 lines maximum; work phases and milestones)
Planned future activities Expected Results Work phases and Milestones
Survey on various Preliminary report on Evaluation of methodologies applicable for the present methodologies, applicable Jan 2014 to December 2014 road-based- landslide disaster for the mountain slope mitigation aspects development projects in the region(preferably examples from the Asia regional activities) Determination on physical Documenting of practicing Jan 2014 to July 2015 modeling and material testing examples of physical modeling and capacities material testing, finding parameters for the designs etc. in the region Development of Design Regional events and workshops December 2016 Specifications, Standards and would be organized to facilitate Guideline for the Hill Country the interface among the Road Construction in Sri Lanka Ministries/ universities/ institutions/NGOs representatives to share and exchange their experience for incorporating the Landslide Risk Reduction in hill country road development projects Conducting workshops and Organize capacity building events December 2017 Capacity building on Road Base-Landslide risk reduction and management at various levels to integrate Landslide risk management practices
11. Beneficiaries of WCoE: (5 lines maximum; who directly benefits from the work?)
The institution consists of engineers, planners, geologists, chemists, biologists, computer programmers in addition to common engineering disciplines. We specialize in jointly collaborating with local and state regulatory agencies; Disaster Management Centre (DMC), Road Development Authority (RDA), National building Research Organization (NBRO), and Irrigation Department (ID). Therefore, the direct beneficiaries of WCoE activities are the government institutions, consultants, academics, researchers and the practitioners. The indirect beneficiaries are the communities living in the landslide risk prone areas and the civil society at large.
Association for Disaster Prevention Research UNITWIN Headquarters Building 138-1 Tanaka-Asukai cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto University Uji Campus Kyoto 606-8226, Japan Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan Tel:+81 (75) 723 0640, Fax:+81(75) 950 0910 Tel: +81( 774 ) 38 4834, Fax: +81 (774) 38 4019 [email protected], URL: http://www.iplhq.org/
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12. References: 10 lines maximum, i.e. relevant publications, international/regional/national recognition supporting items 9-10.
Dias,A A V, Goonasekara, U & Rupasinghe, N.,2001. Natural Slope Instability Measures of Roads in Hill Country, Sri Lanka , Proc. 8th World Emergency Management Conference, Oslo, Norway from 19- 21 June, 2001.TIEMS.
Dias,A A V, & Wijewardana, P R .,2002. Community Base Participatory Model in Natural Disaster Preparedness - Landslides, Proc. 9th World Emergency Management Conference, Toronto, Canada, 14- 17 May, 2002. TIEMS
Dias,A A V & Dias, S V., 2002 Key to Environmental Assessment Model in Landslides by Observational Method of Approach, International Workshop on Environmental Geomechanics ; Ascona, Switzerland, June 30 to July 5, 2002.
Dias,A A V, & Dias, S V & Siva, G V M De .,2003. Integrated Environmental Emergency Response Stage in Natural Disaster Preparedness – Landslides,Proc. 10th World Emergency Management Conference, Nice, France from May, 2003. TIEMS
Dias, A A V; Rupasinghe, N; Gunathilake, A A J K; Joint Technical Emergency Operation Experiences on Landslide Disaster Mitigation Event 2003, Sri Lanka. Proceedings of the Proceedings of the Second World Landslide Forum – 3-7 October 2011, Rome.
Association for Disaster Prevention Research UNITWIN Headquarters Building 138-1 Tanaka-Asukai cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto University Uji Campus Kyoto 606-8226, Japan Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan Tel:+81 (75) 723 0640, Fax:+81(75) 950 0910 Tel: +81( 774 ) 38 4834, Fax: +81 (774) 38 4019 [email protected], URL: http://www.iplhq.org/
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Application Form for World Centre of Excellence on Landslide Risk Reduction
1. Name of Organization; Asian Disaster Preparedness Center(ADPC), Thailand
2. Name of Leader : Mr. N.M.S.I. Arambepola
Affiliation/Position: Deputy Executive Director, ADPC.
Contact: postal address, fax, phone, email Asian Disaster Preparedness Center(ADPC), SM Tower, 24th Floor 979/69, Paholyothin Road, Samsen Nai Phayathai, Bangkok 10400 Thailand Tel : (66-2) 298 0682-92, Fax : (66-2) 298 0012-13
Email: [email protected]
Core members of the activities/Names/Affiliations: (4 individuals maximum)
a) Dr. Peeranan Towashiraporn, Department Head, Disaster Risk Assessment and Monitoring, ADPC b) Dr. Senaka Basnayake – Department Head, Climate Change and Climate Risk Management/Climatologist, ADPC c) Mr.Atiq Kainan Ahmed- EWS specialist, ADPC d) Dr. Krishna Chandra Devkota , Engineering Geologist, ADPC
3. Date of Submission of Application- 28.06.2013
4. Activity scale and targeted region- Regional and National
5. Short Title (10 words maximum) characterizing past and planned activities;
“Promoting Knowledge, Innovations and Institutions with South-South focus through a Regional network of
Landslide Risk Reduction in Changing Climate Scenario in Asia”.
6. Objectives of the initial 3 years: (5 lines maximum; what you expect to accomplish?) ADPC was selected as one of the WCoE for the period of 2008-2014. With such recognition ADPC continued activities for promoting landslide risk management in Asia In the next period 2014-17, ADPC would continue to have a special focus on promoting good practices for landslide risk management in a changing climate scenario to save lives, property with following specific objectives: Promote innovative practices for Landslide risk management in Asia
Association for Disaster Prevention Research UNITWIN Headquarters Building 138-1 Tanaka-Asukai cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto University Uji Campus Kyoto 606-8226, Japan Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan Tel:+81 (75) 723 0640, Fax:+81(75) 950 0910 Tel: +81( 774 ) 38 4834, Fax: +81 (774) 38 4019 [email protected], URL: http://www.iplhq.org/
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Promote concept of landslide monitoring, early warning through pilot initiatives in partner countries: in particular in adopting methodologies such as establishing precipitation threshold values for landslides in different geological materials Facilitate a dialogue among Landslide risk reduction practitioners, policy makers, academia and disaster management community through organization of networking events for enhancement of knowledge on Landslide Risk Reduction Support learning opportunities for partners in higher education.
7. Background Justification: (10 lines maximum) ADPC has been engaged in building the landslide risk management capacity of the partner countries in Asia for more than a decade. The ADPC is facilitating a program with a support of different agencies/universities/research institutions in more than 11 countries (Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines,
Vietnam, Sri Lanka and Thailand) to advocate for good practices for landslide risk management. The limited コメント [u1]: Myanmar? number of interventions in landslide mitigation and preparedness in the Asian region was the rationale behind the コメント [u2R1]: initiation of this program: namely the Asian Program for Regional Capacity Enhancement for Landslide Impact Mitigation (RECLAIM). This program concentrated on raising awareness of landslide risk management, promoting innovative practices, sharing experience among network partners, promoting sound practices for landslide monitoring and early warning and engaging in capacity building on landslide risk mitigation. The activities of ADPC will have an added value and recognition by becoming a World Center of Excellence.
8. Resources available for WCoE activities: The interventions of the program are mainly supported through the cooperation agreement between Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA) and ADPC. In addition ADPC has obtained funding to undertake various activities through projects in Bangladesh, Lao PDR, Thailand and Myanmar. Norwegian Geo-Technical Institute (NGI) has been providing support for organizing networking events and training programs. In addition technical support to the partner institutions for activities of the program is provided by ADPC through in-kind contributions. Through such initiatives ADPC intend to promote South-South cooperation for adopting a proper landslide risk management practice in Asia.
9. Description of past activities related to risk reduction of landslides and other related earth system disasters
(30 lines maximum)
ADPC has implemented under the Asian Program for Regional Capacity Enhancement for Landslide Impact Mitigation (RECLAIM) to promote landslide risk reduction activities in partner countries with the technical and financial support by the Government of Norway. The activities of the program included organizing regional and national level experience sharing workshops and training programs on landslide risk mitigation. To date, ADPC has organized 08 such Regional workshops in different partner countries annually.
The landslide risk mitigation demonstration projects were carried out in Philippines, Thailand, and Sri Lanka during 2006-2012. The pilot demonstrations had been carried out in Bagio city – Philippines and Patong city, Puket in Association for Disaster Prevention Research UNITWIN Headquarters Building 138-1 Tanaka-Asukai cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto University Uji Campus Kyoto 606-8226, Japan Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan Tel:+81 (75) 723 0640, Fax:+81(75) 950 0910 Tel: +81( 774 ) 38 4834, Fax: +81 (774) 38 4019 [email protected], URL: http://www.iplhq.org/
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Thailand during 2006- 2009 and in Sri Lanka during 2009-2012. The objective of conducting these demonstration projects was to enhance the knowledge and skills of local professionals and decision-makers on investigation, instrumentation and structural mitigation in landslide prone areas and share the experiences at the regional platforms as a learning process.
Some of the Asian countries have not updated the network of rain gauges maintained by the Meteorological Department for a considerable time due to resource constraints. The data flow to the community at risk is not direct and slow and therefore it is difficult to provide location specific landslide early warning through such national network. Hence, with the idea of supplementing additional information to community directly, ADPC with the support of Norway, has donated movable high performance rain gauges equipped with an automatic information flow to nodal agencies and selected community leaders in Bangladesh, Bhutan, Myanmar, Sri Lanka etc.With such initiative ADPC has helped them to demonstrate development of local “precipitation thresholds” so that the communities can take timely action in the event of landslide trigger.
ADPC has implemented a project to introduce a school base rainfall data collection system in Sri Lanka which is expected to help collecting rainfall data using existing resources relatively quicker. The system also helped in more reliable community level early warning for landslide risk reduction, flood vulnerability reduction, drought risk management etc. The project helped to develop a landslide early warning system on the basis of rainfall threshold limits for identified areas. Schools and the children were recognized as animators to create awareness at the community level on landslide risks. ADPC organized three regional meetings for discussion and promotion of early warning for landslide in Asian Region. The main objectives of the workshops were to share the country experience on setting up different early warning systems, to share the different mechanisms in monitoring of landslides and discuss approaches for predicting the behavior of landslides. The workshops were held from 25-27 November 2009 in Bangkok, Thailand and 1- 3 December 2010 in Dhaka and in 26-28 January 2012 in Yangon, Myanmar. The workshops have been attended by representatives of partner countries (Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, Nepal, Myanmar, India, Indonesia, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Vietnam).Other than ADPC; NGI representatives also participated in the workshops. Another project implement during 2011- 2012 under the Comprehensive Disaster Management Program of Bangladesh funded by UNDP, ADPC has made an attempt to model the landslide hazards in slopes in Cox’s Bazaar municipal area. This municipality is susceptible to potential slope failures triggered by heavy rainfall and project also aimed at introducing a community-based early warning system as a pilot initiative in Bangladesh. Another objective of the project is to use the project experience as a model for landslide disaster risk reduction in urban areas of Bangladesh.
10. Planned future activities /Expected Results: (20 lines maximum; work phases and milestones)
In the initial three year following activities would be conducted:
Association for Disaster Prevention Research UNITWIN Headquarters Building 138-1 Tanaka-Asukai cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto University Uji Campus Kyoto 606-8226, Japan Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan Tel:+81 (75) 723 0640, Fax:+81(75) 950 0910 Tel: +81( 774 ) 38 4834, Fax: +81 (774) 38 4019 [email protected], URL: http://www.iplhq.org/
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ADPC will implement a project in Lao PDR for developing a framework for a countrywide landslide inventory for critical national and provincial roads during 2013-2015. This framework will take into consideration landslide hazard and associated risk, and make recommendations on the identification and monitoring of high-risk areas and priority mitigation measures. a. Developing the methodology for landslide inventory and hazard assessment b. Field work and undertaking the pilot initiative to come up a framework - 2013 c. Up scaling the success of the pilot initiatives to cover critical national and provincial roads-2014-2015 d. Capacity building of national agencies – 2015 e. Experience sharing meetings- 2015 Promote the concept of landslide monitoring and early warning in countries in Asia through the activities of the network( Pilot projects are planned in Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Thailand and Sri Lanka) (1st – 3rd Year); Activities in partner countries of the program to promote community based landslide risk management interventions(1st and 2nd Year) Providing resource inputs for development and gap assessment of Landslide EW systems(1st and 2nd Year); Organization of regional meetings annually to facilitate dialogue among Landslide risk reduction practitioners, policy makers, academia, disaster management authorities (1st, 2nd and 3rd Years)
11. Beneficiaries of WCoE: (5 lines maximum; who directly benefits from the work?)
The activities carried out by ADPC are intended to contribute to landslide risk management practice in Asia.
The direct beneficiaries of ADPC initiated activities are the Government Ministries, Mandated institutions, academia, researchers and the practitioners involved in landslide risk reduction activities in the target countries. The indirect beneficiaries are the communities living in the landslide risk prone areas and the civil society at large. Through such initiatives ADPC intend to promote South-South cooperation for adopting a proper landslide risk management practice in Asia.
12. References: 10 lines maximum, i.e. relevant publications, international/regional/national recognition supporting
items 9-10. a. http://www.adpc.net/v2007/Programs/UDRM/PROGRAMS_PROJECTS/RECLAIMIII/Overview/Default- Overview.asp b. http://www.adpc.net/v2007/Programs/UDRM/PROGRAMS_PROJECTS/RECLAIMIII/Activities/Default- Activities.asp c. http://www.adpc.net/v2007/Programs/UDRM/PROGRAMS_PROJECTS/RECLAIMIII/Participating%20Instit utions/Participating_Institutions.asp
Association for Disaster Prevention Research UNITWIN Headquarters Building 138-1 Tanaka-Asukai cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto University Uji Campus Kyoto 606-8226, Japan Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan Tel:+81 (75) 723 0640, Fax:+81(75) 950 0910 Tel: +81( 774 ) 38 4834, Fax: +81 (774) 38 4019 [email protected], URL: http://www.iplhq.org/
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d. http://www.adpc.net/v2007/Programs/UDRM/PROGRAMS_PROJECTS/RECLAIMIII/Achievements/Default- Achievements.asp e. http://www.adpc.net/v2007/Programs/UDRM/PROGRAMS_PROJECTS/RECLAIMIII/Downloads/RECLAIM brochure.pdf f. http://www.adpc.net/v2007/Programs/UDRM/PROGRAMS_PROJECTS/RECLAIMIII/Downloads/landslides %20Risk.pdf g. http://www.adpc.net/v2007/Programs/UDRM/PROMISE/INFORMATION%20RESOURCES/Safer%20Cities/ Downloads/SaferCities26.pdf
h. Recommending regional rainfall threshold values for early warning of landslides.Udeni P. Nawagamuwa(1), Rajinder K. Bhasin , Oddvar Kjekstad , N.M.S.I. Arambepola , Proceedings of the World Landslide Forum 2, Italy i. Examples of Cost Effective Practices for Landslide Monitoring for Early Warning in Developing Countries of Asia, R.M.S. Bandara, Rajinder K. Bhasin, Oddvar Kjekstad and N.M.S.I. Arambepola, Proceedings of the World Landslide Forum 2, Italy j. Lessons Learned from the 2006 Flash floods and Landslide in Uttaradit and Sukhothai Provinces: Implication for Effective Landslide Disaster Risk Management in Thailand. Muhibuddin Usamah, NMSI Arambepola. , Proceedings of the World Landslide Forum 2, Italy
Association for Disaster Prevention Research UNITWIN Headquarters Building 138-1 Tanaka-Asukai cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto University Uji Campus Kyoto 606-8226, Japan Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan Tel:+81 (75) 723 0640, Fax:+81(75) 950 0910 Tel: +81( 774 ) 38 4834, Fax: +81 (774) 38 4019 [email protected], URL: http://www.iplhq.org/
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List of Ongoing IPL projects in 2012
Country IPL Project Project Title Project Leader /Organization IPL-101-2 Landslides monitoring and slope stability at Annual Slovakia Jan Vlcko selected historic sites in Slovakia Report 2012 IPL-101-3 The geomorphological instability of the Buddha Annual Claudio niches and surrounding cliff in Bamiyan valley Italy Report 2012 Margottini (Central Afghanistan) Certificate IPL-105 Annual Early Warning of Landslides Japan Kyoji Sassa Report 2012 Certificate IPL-106-1 Annual Claudio Landslide museum in Civita di Bagnoregio Italy Report 2012 Margottini Certificate IPL-106-2 International Summer School on Rockslides and Annual Alexander Related Phenomena in the Kokomeren River Rusia Report 2012 Strom Valley, Tien Shan, Kyrgyzstan Certificate IPL-112 Annual Landslide mapping and risk mitigation planning Saowanee Thailand Report 2012 in Thailand Prachansri Certificate IPL-132 Annual Research on vegetation protection system for Wei Shan, China, Japan Report 2012 highway soil slope in seasonal frozen regions Fawu Wang Certificate IPL-139 Annual Development of low-cost early warning system of Ikuo Towhata, Japan Report 2012 slope instability for civilian use Taro Uchimura Certificate IPL-141 Geo-Risks Management for Third World Countries Annual – Mapping and Assessment of Risky Geo-factors Czech Republic Jiří Zvelebil Report 2011 for Land Use (e.g. in Ethiopia) IPL-144 SafeLand – Living with landslide risk in Europe: Annual Assessment, effects of global change, and risk Norway Bjørn Kalsnes Report 2012 management strategies. Certificate Spatial monitoring of joint influence of an IPL-146 atmospheric precipitation and seismic motions on Rustam Annual Uzbekistan formation of landslides in Uzbekistan (Central Niyazov Report 2011 Asia). IPL-147 Study on Debris Flow Controlling Factors and Che Hassandi Annual Malaysia Triggering Mechanism in Peninsular Malaysia Abdullah Report 2011
IPL-149 Peter Canadian Landslide Best Practice Manual Canada Annual Bobrowsky
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Report 2012 Certificate IPL-150 Capacity building and the impact of climate-driven Annual Ogbonnaya changes on regional landslide distribution, frequency Nigeria Report 2012 Igwe and scale of catastrophe Certificate IPL-151 Annual Soil matrix suction in active landslides in flysch – the Slovenia Bojan Majes Report 2012 Slano Blato landslide case Certificate IPL-153 Annual Landslide hazard zonation in Kharkov region of Oleksandr M. Ukraine Report 2012 Ukraine using GIS Trofymchuk Certificate IPL-154 Annual Development of a methodology for risk assessment of Japan D. Higaki Report 2012 the earthquake-induced landslides. Certificate IPL-155 Determination of soil parameters of subsurface to be Annual A. A. Virajh used in slope stability analysis in two different Sri Lanka Report 2012 Dias precipitation zones of Sri Lanka. Certificate IPL-156 Annual Best Practices for Early Warning of Landslides in a N.M.S.I. Thailand Report 2012 Changing Climate Scenarios Arambepola Certificate IPL-157 Annual Dynamics of subaerial and submarine megaslides Japan Kyoji Sassa Report 2012 Certificate IPL-158 Annual Development of Community-based Landslide Early Teuku Faisal Indonesia Report 2012 Warning System Fathani Certificate IPL-159 Development of Education Program for Sustainable Annual Dwikorita Development in Landslide Vulnerable Area through Indonesia Report 2012 Karnawati Student Community Service. Certificate IPL-160 Landslides and floods under extreme weather condition Hiroshi Annual Japan and resilient society Fukuoka Report 2011 IPL-161 Annual Risk identification and land-use planning for disaster Japan Hideaki Marui Report 2012 mitigation of landslides and floods in Croatia. Certificate IPL-162 Annual Tier-based harmonized approach for landslide Italy Javier Hervás Report 2012 susceptibility mapping over Europe Certificate IPL-163 Annual Mechanical-mathematical modeling and monitoring for Svalova Russia Report 2012 landslide processes Valentina Certificate IPL-165 Dwikorita Annual Development of community-based landslide hazard Indonesia Karnawati Report 2012 mapping for landslide risk reduction at the village scale
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Certificate in Java, Indonesia IPL-167 Annual The effect of freezing-thawing on the stability of ancient China Wei Shan Report 2012 landslide of North-Black highway Certificate IPL-168 Engaging U.S. citizens in Landslide Science through the Annual USA Rex Baum website, “Did You See It? Report a Landslide” Report 2011 IPL-169 Annual Landslide hazard and risk assessment in Geyser Valley Rusia Oleg V. Zerkal Report 2012 (Kamchatka) Certificate Landslide susceptibility and landslide hazard zonation IPL-170 in volcanic terrains using Geographic Information Gabriel Annual System (GIS): A case study in the Río Chiquito- Mexico Legorreta Report 2012 barranca Del Muerto watershed; Pico de Orizaba Paulín Certificate volcano, México IPL-171 Study of the geotechnical characteristics of an unstable Annual urban area of Barranquilla (Colombia) severely affected Colombia Guillermo Ávila Report 2012 for slope instabilities and soil volume changes Certificate IPL-172 Documentation, Training and Capacity Building for Annual India Surya Parkash Landslides Risk Management Report 2012 IPL-173 Snjezana Annual Croatian Virtual Landslide Data Center Croatia Mihalic Report 2012 Arbanas Certificate IPL-175 Development of landslide risk assessment technology Kyoji Sassa & Annual Japan, and education in Vietnam and other areas in the Nguen Xuan Report 2012 Vietnam Greater Mekong Sub-region Khang Certificate IPL-176 Proposal Slope Data Acquisition along Highways in Sabah State Che Hassandi Malaysia 2012 for hazard assessment and mapping Abdullah Certificate IPL-177 Aníbal Godoy Proposal Study on geological disasters focusing on landslides in Honduras and Luis 2012 and around Tegucigalpa City, Honduras Eveline Certificate IPL-179 Proposal Czech Adam Emmer Database of Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs) 2012 Republic and Vit Vilimek Certificate IPL-180 Introducing Community-based Early Warning System Proposal N.M.S.I. for Landslide Hazard Management in Cox’s Bazaar Thailand 2012 Arambepola Municipality, Bangladesh Certificate IPL-181 Proposal Study of slow moving landslide Umka near Belgrade, Biljana Serbia 2012 Serbia Abolmasov Certificate IPL-182 Renato Eugenio Proposal Characterization of landslides mechanisms and impacts Brazil de Lima 2012 as a tool to fast risk analysis of landslides related
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Certificate disasters in Brazil IPL-183 Proposal Landslides in West Africa: impacts, mechanism and Igwe Nigeria 2012 management Ogbonnaya Certificate IPL-184 Study of landslides in flysch deposits of North Istria, Annual Croatia: sliding mechanisms, geotechnical properties, Croatia Željko Arbanas Report 2012 landslide modeling and landslide susceptibility Certificate
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New IPL Project
Proposal for 2013 BOR
No. Leader Country Title
Rolf New IPL Project: Design and 1 Germany Katzenbach Validation of an Early Warning System
New IPL Project: Rock-fall hazard Claudio 2 Italy assessment and monitoring in the Margottini archaeological site of Petra, Jordan
New IPL Project: Landslide hazards Gabriel L. 3 Mexico assessment and modeling and sediment Paulin yield
New IPL Project: Study of slow 4 Marko Komac Slovenia moving landslide Potoška planina (Karavanke Mountain, NW Slovenia)
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Date of Submission 02.04.2013
IPL Project Proposal
1. Project Title: “Design and Validation of an Early Warning System for Landslides DeVEL” 2. Main Project Fields (1) Technology Development A. Monitoring and Early Warning (2) Targeted Landslides: Mechanisms and Impacts A. Catastrophic Landslides (3) Capacity Building A. Enhancing Human and Institutional Capacities B. Collating and Disseminating Information/ Knowledge (4) Mitigation, Preparedness and Recovery A. Preparedness 3. Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rolf Katzenbach Affiliation: Director of the Institute and Laboratory of Geotechnics at TU Darmstadt Contact: Petersenstraße 13 64287 Darmstadt / Germany Tel. +49 6151 16 2149 Fax +49 6151 16 6683 E-Mail: [email protected] www.geotechnik.tu-darmstadt.de Core members of the Project Prof. Kolumban Hutter ETH Zürich 4. Objectives: The ambition of the research project is to design and validate an early warning system which can give information on the risk of expectable landslides, especially in areas of former mining activities. To achieve a reliably early warning system (EWS), sensor and observation technology has to be connected with the modeling of the processes which occur during landslides and immediately prior to them. 5. Background Justification: Landslides belong to the group of extremely heavy natural hazards which often cause extraordinary damage. The successful handling and prevention of landslides is an important field for civil engineers in a multidisciplinary cooperation together with colleagues from natural sciences, economics, politicians etc. Especially early warning systems are fo great significance. Real time monitoring greatly enhances the understanding of landslide processes and can provide an early indicator for such hazards. Only
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advanced methods can be used to solve associated problems because of the strong nonlinearity and spatial variability of soil parameters. 6. Study Area: Germany, Switzerland 7. Project Duration: 3 Years 8. Resources necessary for the Project and their mobilization: Resources are necessary for staff, investments and travelling. The amount add up to approx. 500,000.00 €. 9. Project Description: The DeVEL project unites highly specialized activities in the field of landslides like data collection, data analyses, hydrogeology, geotechnics, information processing, system analyses, computer science as well as ground water modeling / hydrology to design a reliable early warning system. The project is subdivided in the categories “sensor and observation technology”, “geotechnical modeling” and “information technology”. In the category “sensor and observation technology” different kinds of measurement systems will be investigated and installed after examination. Reliable evidence in the subsurface has to be identified and assessments for the early warning system will be determined subsequently. Based on the collected information a geotechnical and hydrogeological model will be generated and linked with the sensor and observation system and the knowledge base for an early warning system. 10. Deliverables/Time Frame: Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Topic I/II III/IV I/II III/IV I/II III/IV Assessment determination for EWS Installing sensor system Generate knowledge base Geotechnical and hydrogeolg. modeling Validationof thegeotechnical andhdyrogeolog.model Final report
11. Project Beneficiaries: End-users can be mining companies as well as authorities. 12. References (Optional): Pudasaini, S. P., Hutter, K. (2006): Avalanche Dynamics – Dynamics of Rapid Flows of Dense Granular Avalanches, Springer
Katzenbach, R., Leppla, S. (2011): Scientific analyses of the bearing capacity and the deformation behaviour of the Spinnanchor system for engineering practice. 15th Conference of the European Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering (ESSMGE), 12.–15. September 2011, Athen, Griechenland, Vol. 2, 1359-1364.
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Date of Submission
IPL Project Proposal Form 2012 (MAXIMUM: 3 PAGES IN LENGTH)
Project Title: (2 lines maximum) Rock-fall hazard assessment and monitoring in the archaeological site of Petra, Jordan 1. Main Project Fields (1) Technology Development A. Monitoring and Early Warning, B. Hazard Mapping, (2) Targeted Landslides: Mechanisms and Impacts B. Landslides Threatening Heritage Sites (3) Capacity Building A. Enhancing Human and Institutional Capacities (4) Mitigation, Preparedness and Recovery A. Preparedness, B. Mitigation, 2. Name of Project leader: Claudio Margottini Affiliation: ISPRA - Dept. Geological Survey of Italy Responsible for Coordination and Development of International Affairs and Vice President International Consortium on Landslides Via Brancati, 60 - 00144 Rome (Italy) tel. +39-06-50074000 mobile: +39-320-4354645 [email protected] Core members of the Project; Prof. (em) Heinz Ruther Principal Investigator "African Cultural Heritage Sites and Landscapes" project Zamani Project Division of Geomatics (APG), University of Cape Town (South Africa) Prof. Talal Akasheh Ashehmite Univeristy and Petra National Trust Amman (Jordan) Dr. Giuseppe Delmonaco ISPRA - Dept. Geological Survey of Italy Via Brancati, 60 - 00144 Rome (Italy) Eng. PhD. Daniele Spizzichino ISPRA - Dept. Geological Survey of Italy Via Brancati, 60 - 00144 Rome (Italy) 3. Objectives:
133 D20 The project will: Identify potential detectable unstable areas in the Siq and other sites by means of field engineering geological techniques; Carry out long-term monitoring of selected unstable Siq slope portions, by means of a set of monitoring methods (from remote to field) to define the most suitable and reliable techniques for different geomorphological setting; Provide guidelines for sustainable landslide mitigation and management for the entire park; improve knowledge of local authorities for the identification of unstable areas, monitoring of the site, and design and implementation, following international standards, of landslide mitigation works/strategies (e.g. monitoring, field analysis). 4. Background Justification: Rapid onset natural phenomena, such as earthquakes, floods and landslides, pose a major threat to cultural heritage and visitors in Petra (Jordan). In 1963, 24 tourists died as a result of a sudden flash-flood in the Siq. Assessing the percentage of losses caused by each specific event is very difficult, and whereas earthquakes and floods cause damage to large expanses of land, landslides act more locally, affecting only a specific area and in this the Siq, hence the focus of this research. The Siq is a deep passage that connects the urban area of Wadi Musa with the monumental area of Petra and constitutes the main path for tourists to access the archaeological area. The project is also open to the investigation of other sites in the Petra Archaeological park. 5. Study Area: Archaeological Park of Petra, Jordan 6. Project Duration: 30 months 7. Resources necessary: the project is funded by UNESCO Amman (Jordan). 8. Project Description: Petra faces a wide diversity of risks, ranging from those posed by environmental factors, such as natural and geological hazards, as well as those attributed to tourism and the lack of adequate site management and emergency measures for tourist and monument safety. The potential risk to tourists and monuments from slope instability is high and needs to be urgently addressed. Landslide risk conditions, in fact, vary from potentially unstable volumes <10m3 up to >1000m3. The latter can be catastrophic according to evolution of the movement (extremely rapid triggering) and involved rock mass volumes, due to causes like e.g. seismicity, heavy rainfall, joint deformation from freeze-thaw cycles and temperature variation. For this reason a full recognition of potentially unstable areas of the Siq by means of engineering geological approaches, systematic long-term monitoring of the rock-block deformation with suitable advanced techniques and suggestion of sustainable mitigation measures are deemed critical for conservation and safety strategies of Petra. To-date, there is no conservation strategy that has been established to address this life threatening phenomenon and there are no measures in place for risk management and mitigation. Work Plan/Expected Results: The approach of this investigation will mainly adopt methods and techniques of the Engineering Geology coupled with high-tech monitoring approaches and equipments. Engineering geology is the science devoted to the investigation, study and problem-solving of the engineering and environmental issues which arise as the result of the interaction between geology and human activities. It is also the science of prediction and the development of measures for prevention of geological hazards.
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Engineering Geology is, therefore, a major science for the protection of Cultural Heritage from environmental degradation and disruption, especially in rupestrial environments, like Petra, where the conservation of historical monuments is strongly related to local geological conditions and related hazards. In detail, the proposed work methodology constitute of six major Work Packages (WP) as follows: Work Package1 - Landslide types and causative factors Work Package 3 - New technologies for monitoring Work Package 4 - Evolution and trends Work Package 5 - Suggestion for mitigation Work Package6 - Dissemination and Data Management Deliverables/Time Frame: This larger-scale project will develop an integrated approach for understanding landslide processes acting on selected sectors the Siq slopes and applying feasible and reliable monitoring techniques capable to discriminate slope deformations. The final aim is to produce guidelines to local authorities describing the extent of the problems, and to recommend urgent and long term-mitigation measures required to manage sustainable strategies and policies for conservation, exploitation and protection of the entire site of Petra. Expected output includes: o Laser scanning of the Siq , the entrance and the exit area in front of the Treasury o Map of ground deformation and time-history from Permanent Scatter o Geological, geo-structural, geo-mechanical characteristics of the Siq slopes. o Catalogue and map of recent landslide phenomena and kinematism; Map of landslide susceptibility of Siq selected sectors o Cliff monitoring from a robotic reflectorless innovative Total Station o Installation of crack gauges, wire extensometers and tilt meter, as well as meteorological data, all in Wireless technology. o Implementation of analytical/numerical modeling for analysis of slope instability o Landslide hazard map of the investigated portions of the Siq area. o Guideline for implementation of sustainable landslide mitigation strategies. o Design of the structure of the GIS and integration of all acquired and collected spatial data into a single geo-referenced GIS. o Combination of all data into a virtual tour and an extensive panorama tour through the Siq, the valley from the Treasury to the Qasr al-Bint, the Monastery and the Wadi Farasa. As well as the creation of a video with fly-through of the site. 9. Project Beneficiaries: the UNESCO Amman project on Petra envisage the following beneficiaries of the project: Department of Antiquities (DOA) Petra Development and Tourism Regional Authority (PDTRA) Petra Archaeological Park (PAP) Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities (MOTA) 10. References (Optional): (6 lines maximum; i.e. relevant publications)
135 D20 Date of Submission April 4th 2013
IPL Project Proposal Form 2010 1. Project Title: Landslide hazards assessment and modeling sediment yield of landslides using Geographic Information System (GIS): A case study in the Río El Estado on the SW flank of Pico de Orizaba volcano, Puebla-Veracruz, Mexico.
2. Main Project Fields. (1) Technology Development B. Hazard Mapping, Vulnerability and Risk Assessment
3. Name of Project leader: Dr. Gabriel Legorreta Paulín Affiliation:Instituto de Geografía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). Associate Researcher “C”. Contact: Instituto de Geografía, UNAM. Circuito exterior s/n. Ciudad Universitaria. C.P. 04360, Del. Coyoacán, México, D.F.
Core members of the Project Dr. Marcus I. Bursik / The State University of New York, University at Buffalo. Dr. José Lugo Hubp / Instituto de Geografía, UNAM. Dr. Fernando Aceves Quesada / Facultad de Ciencias, UNAM.
4. Objectives: The objectives of this project are (1) Prepare a landslide inventory map for the study area in GIS. (2) Prepare a hazard map for the study area in GIS. (3) Estimate the potential total material delivered to the main stream drainage channel by all landslides in the catchment.
5. Background Justification: Pico de Orizaba volcano is the highest elevation (5675 m a.s.l.) in Mexico, and presents the greatest potential threat for the formation of small but hazardous landslides and debris flows triggered by non-magmatic activity because of its large area of weakened rocks at high altitudes under high seasonal rainfall. Landslides that occur along stream systems are continuously impacting and damaging human settlements and economic activities. On the southern flank of Pico de Orizaba, Río El Estado threatens towns such as Córdova, Orizaba, Río Blanco, Nogales, and Ciudad Mendoza with an overall population of three hundred sixty thousand people. Although the importance of assessing such process, there are few landslide inventory and landslide hazard maps. Also, no work has been done to estimate the potential volume of material delivered from landslides in the catchment.
6. Study Area: Río El Estado watershed at Pico de Orizaba volcano, México.
7. Project Duration: 3 years
8. Resources necessary for the Project and their mobilization Personnel, Facilities, and Budgets
136 D20 The project required the following resources: Summary of Resources Required for Project Summary of Summary fund Full economic % UNAM staff effort heading Fund heading Cost (US dollar) contribution requested Directly Incurred Fieldwork & Subsistence $14,415.38 0 Months Researcher 36 Equipment $50,000.00 0 (leader) Software and digital Researcher 12 Material $26,766.15 0 (co-member) Training & Diffusion $11,363.69 0 Technician 24 Students scholarship $40,341.42 0 Other 0 Visiting 3 Other services $32,769.23 0 Researcher Subtotal $175,665.87 0 Student 24 Directly Allocated Investigators $166,153.85 100 Total 99 Subtotal $166,153.85 Total $341,809.72
9. Project Description: The goals of the project are to develop a historic landslide inventory, calculate the hazard, and the potential total material delivered to the main stream drainage channel by landslides in the catchment. Río El Estado watershed was selected for this study. The river is located on the southwestern flank of Pico de Orizaba. The watershed is constantly affected by processes of landslides and lahars triggered by non-magmatic activity. The study area will be used to design and develop a GIS mapping methodology to assess landslide hazard and modeling sediment yield of landslides in volcanic terrains. A combination of field work, photo interpretation, remote sensing, spatial geo-databases design, geomorphologic landfoms classification, detailed geometric landslide values (area and volume) and the use of GIS will be used. The first step of this research will be the development of a multi-temporal landslide inventory map. It will provide a preliminary zonation between areas where landslides do and do not occur. For this purpose, landslides will be mapped from interpretation of multi-temporal aerial photographs and local field surveys to assess and describe landslide distribution. All landslides will be digitized into a geographic information system (GIS), and the spatial geo-database of landslides will be constructed from standardized GIS datasets. The amount of field verification will be held between 15 to 25% of total landslides to enhance the degree of confidence in the mass wasting assessment. Once landslides are mapped, specific landforms that exist across the study area will be defined by rules adopted by Washington State Department of Natural Resources (DNR), Forest Practices Division, USA. These landforms (inner gorges, bedrock hollows, convergent headwalls, outer edges of meanders, active scarps of deep-seated landslides, etc.) are based on slope gradient and shape, lithology, landslide density and sensitivity to forest practices. The aerial photos, the landslide inventory, and GIS layers will be also used to identify these landforms. For each landform a semi-quantitative overall hazard rating will be derived by using the landslide frequency rate and the landslide area rate. Detailed geometric measurements of individual landslides visited
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during the field work will be carried out to obtain the landslide area and volume. These measurements will be used to establish an empirical relationship between area and volume that will take the form of a power law. This relationship will be used to estimate the potential volume of material delivered to the catchment. A written report will include analysis of landslide hazard, explanatory text of landform descriptions, landslide triggering mechanisms, and sediment yield of landslides findings. Applying the method to other volcanic terrains will simplify and standardize the process of landslides mapping in volcanic terrains.
10. Work Plan/Expected Results: Work plan for the first year: (1) Gather and analyze aerial photographs, satellite images, thematic cartography to map landslides. (2) Fieldwork I: Gather descriptive, geometrical (area and volume), and geotechnical information (cohesion, internal friction angle, infiltration) at landslide site. Improve the landslide inventory map by adding landslides that are not visible on aerial photographs or satellite images. (3) Prepare a detailed landslide inventory map for Rio El Estado watershed. (4) Design and implementation of a database prototype with the information gathered on the field and in the laboratory. (5) Dissemination of our findings at national conferences. Work plan for the second year: (1) Conduct mapping of landforms. Landforms will be defined by various approaches including geomorphologic parameters, statistical analysis, expert knowledge and empirical evidence, and an adaptation of the Landslide Hazard Zonation Protocol of the Washington State Department of Natural Resources, Forest Practices Division, in a GIS-based technology. (2) Fieldwork II. Landslide geometry will be measured with tape, stadia rod, and laser range finder. (3) Use landslides and landforms to calculate the landslide frequency rate and the landslide area rate. (4) Calculate the overall hazard rating for each landform and watershed. (5) Submit maps, new information, and findings in national or international conferences. Work plan for the third year: (1) Fieldwork III. Landslide geometry (length, width, and depth) will be measured in detail with differential GPS. (2) Develop an empirical relationship that took the form of a power law to estimate the potential total volume of material delivered from all landslides in the catchment. (4) Dissemination of our findings in national and/or international journals.
11. Deliverables/Time Frame: Deliverables for the first year: (1) Prepare a new landslide inventory map for the study area. (2) Design and implementation of a database prototype. (3) Dissemination of our findings at national conferences and with authorities and stakeholders within the hazards community. Deliverables for the second year: (1) Identify and map landforms that have significant potential to initiate landslides. (2) Calculate the landslide frequency rate, the landslide area rate, and the overall hazard rating for each landform and watershed. (3) Obtain a general landslide geometry (length, width, and depth) of mapped landslides. (4) Submit maps, new information and findings in national or international conferences. Deliverables for the third year: (1) Obtain detail landslide geometry (length, width, and depth) of mapped landslides (2) Prepare the final writing report with the landslide inventory, landslide hazard rate per landform and the potential total material delivered to the main stream drainage channel by all landslides in the catchment. (3) Dissemination of our findings in national and/or international journals.
12. Project Beneficiaries: By directly addressing the landslide mapping issues, local authorities such as the civil protection agencies of Puebla and Veracruz states and other governmental organizations will benefit for hazard mitigation and planning.
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Date of Submission 30 March 2013
IPL Project Proposal Form 2013 (MAXIMUM: 3 PAGES IN LENGTH)
1. Project Title: Study of slow moving landslide Potoška planina (Karavanke Mountain, NW Slovenia) (2 lines maximum) 2. Main Project Fields Select the suitable topics. If no suitable one, you may add new field. (1) Technology Development A. Monitoring and Early Warning, B. Hazard Mapping, Vulnerability and Risk Assessment (2) Targeted Landslides: Mechanisms and Impacts A. Catastrophic landslides, B. Landslides Threatening Heritage Sites (3) Capacity Building A. Enhancing Human and Institutional Capacities B. Collating and Disseminating Information/ Knowledge (4) Mitigation, Preparedness and Recovery A. Preparedness, B. Mitigation, C. Recovery
3. Name of Project leader: Marko Komac, BSc, MSc, PhD Affiliation: Director of Geological Survey of Slovenia; Assistant Professor, University of Ljubljana and University of Nova Gorica, both Slovenia Contact: Slovenia, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Dimičeva ul. 14, P +386 1 2089702, [email protected] Core members of the Project Mateja Jemec Auflič, BSc, PhD, Geological Survey of Slovenia Magda Čarman, BSc, MSc, PhD, Geological Survey of Slovenia Jernej Jež, BSc, MSc, PhD, Geological Survey of Slovenia Tina Peternel, PhD student, young researcher, Geological Survey of Slovenia Blaž Milanič, BSc, researcher, Geological Survey of Slovenia
4. Objectives: (5 lines maximum; what you expect to accomplish?)
Objectives are directed towards continual monitoring of the site Potoška planina where GPS and radar interferometry (PSI) measurements are arelady performed and to combine these with different in-situ monitoring techniques. The goal is to improve our understanding of the causes of ground failure and to asses the dynamics of the landslidefor the purpose of mitigation measures design for this particular case study.
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5. Background Justification: (10 lines maximum) Approximately 25% of Slovenian territory is at least highly susceptible to landslide occurrence, while almost 20% of Slovenian inhabitants live in these areas. The broader area of Western Karavanke Mts. was subjected to severe debris-flow events in the recent geological past. In the Potoška planina area we propose as a IPL project with in-situ exploration we’ve proven at least four such past events. The most recent event that happened at the end of 18th Century caused partial or total destruction of forty buildings, and landslides of the same or greater mass could endanger the settlement Koroška Bela in the future.
6. Study Area: The study area of landslide at Potoška planina (~1300 m a.s.l) is located above settlement Koroška Bela with approximately 2000 inhabitants, public infrastructure and heavy (steel) industry. The area is situated in NW Slovenia. (2 lines maximum; where will the project be conducted/applied?)
7. Project Duration: 3 years
8. Resources necessary for the Project and their mobilization Personnel, Facilities, and Budgets The project will be organized and performed by the Geological Survey of Slovenia, while external service (GPS & PSI data processing, consulting) will also be included. Besides heavy-duty GPS equipment, also CATs and units, combined of CATs and GPS (allowing 3D displacement assessments) are installed at the landslide location. Additional equipment (rain-gauge station, digital camera) will be installed to collect additional information on precipitation amounts, surface water flow and drainage and optical mass movements. As the site represents huge hazard to inhabitants, there’s a high possibility that Ministry for the environment will finance detailed field exploration campaign (boreholes, piezometers, geophysical research). Geological Survey of Slovenia will take care of the equipment maintenance. We anticipate that the total budget for the project implementation will sum up to 140,000€ in case Ministry for the environment will decide to support the investigations, else we estimate that the total budget will be approximately 30,000€.
9. Project Description: (30 lines maximum) The project will be focused on: 1) analysis of acquired PSI and GPS/GNSS data, combined into 3D displacement vectors of monitored points within the landslide body, 2) analysis of combined rainfall data and displacement measurements to assess the precipitation/movement relation, visual interpretation of optical ground-based imagery of the landslide front in combination with the geodetic survey and 3) assessment of the risk for the local community. It is estimated that the volume of the landslide at Potoška planina is somewhere in between 0.7 and 1.8 × 106 m3. In case of sever event, i.e. if 300,000 m3 – 50% of minimum estimation – of material would slide down in a form of a debris-flow, the deposit of 1.6 m would cover the populated area where 1360 people live. It is hence quintessential that a good monitoring network is established that will monitor common dynamics and that would detect any extraordinary displacements that could result in a disastrous event.
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The already present equipment at the site was installed there in the frame of the EU funded project and aimed at the field trial of newly developed monitoring unit for 3D displacements. As the project ended, partners that contributed the equipment agreed to leave it on site to continue with the landslide monitoring due to its potential threat to local community. We intend to continue with the monitoring, upgrading it with additional in-situ equipment that will allow even better and more detailed assessment of landslide dynamics. Current activity on the slide is presumed to be active slow-motion slip. The goal is to get important stakeholders involved, to make them aware of the potential risk and to educate them how to react in case of disastrous event. For this purpose we will engage the Civil Protection service and work proactive with the local community.
10. Work Plan/Expected Results: (20 lines maximum; work phases and milestones) Phase 1: Installation of in-situ equipment (rain-gauge station, digital camera) + detailed geological mapping + geodetic measurements and/or LIDAR data collection Phase 2: Recalculation (reprocessing) of existing results due to change of the external service (we’ve shifted from TUD to UL – Faculty of civil engineering and geodesy) + periodical monitoring (data acquisition) Phase 3: Collecting the remote sensing and in-situ data + data analysis and interpretation of measurements from previous phase(s) + assessment of mass flow susceptibility + communication with public (local community – municipality of Jesenice) and financing authority (Ministry for the environment) Phase 4: Monitoring & data collection + data analysis and interpretation of measurements from previous phase(s) + ongoing communication with stakeholders + knowledge transfer (workshops, presentation at the municipality of Jesenice) Phase 5: Monitoring & data collection + data analysis and interpretation of measurements from previous phase(s) + knowledge transfer (workshops, presentation at the municipality of Jesenice) + consultancy regarding the location (local community, Civil Protection, Ministry for the environment) Phase 6: Finalisation of monitoring, analysis results compilation, final recommendations to stakeholders.
11. Deliverables/Time Frame: (10 lines maximum; what and when will you produce?) Report 1 (end of month 12): Successful transition to new data processing service and analysis of the GPS/GNSS data from 08/2012 on; installation of in-situ equipment and several geodetic measurements acquired; first engagement with local community Report 2 (end of month 18): Analysis of PSI and GPS/GNSS data; coupling the PSI and GPS/GNSS data to produce 3D displacement vectors; engagement with local community & Civil Protection Report 3 (end of month 24): Analysis of PSI and GPS/GNSS data; coupling the PSI and GPS/GNSS data to produce 3D displacement vectors and comparison to geodetic measurements and visual assessment of landslide front movement; engagement with local community & Civil Protection Report 4 (end of month 30): Finalisation of results; written recommendations to local community
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prepared jointly with Civil Protection; recommendations for further measurements/work/early warning system set up Report 6 (end of month 36). Final report
12. Project Beneficiaries: (5 lines maximum; who directly benefits from the work?) 1) Direct beneficiary is local community and inhabitants that are threatened by the potential debris-flow (directly affected approximately 2000 inhabitants) 2) Public infrastructure: In case of severe debris-flow event also major railway line could be affected in addition to a local road and possibly also steel factory. 3) Scientists who get to understand the dynamics and behavior of such mass movement events 13. References (Optional): (6 lines maximum; i.e. relevant publications) Komac M, Milanič B, Mahapatra P, Hanssen RF, Van Der Marel H, Fromberg A, Holley R. (2012) I2GPS - a new approach to 3D surface displacement monitoring. In: Sassa K, Takara K, He B (Eds). Proceedings IPL Symposium Kyoto, 20 January 2012. International Consortium on Landslides, p. 119-133. Jež J, Mikoš M, Trajanova M, Kumelj Š, Budkovič T, Bavec M. (2008) Koroška Bela alluvial fan - the result of the catastrophic slope events (Karavanke Mountains, NW Slovenia). Geologija. 51/2, p. 219-227.
Note: Please fill and submit this form by 30 March 2012 to ICL network
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IPL World Centre
IPL World Centre was establsihed by the 2006 Tokyo Action Plan to coordinate and support implementation of the global cooperating fields of the International Programme on Landslides (IPL), which works as the secretariat of the IPL Global Promotion Committee and the International Programme on Landslides (IPL) in 2006. The first IPL World Centre Coucil meeting was organized at the Westin Miyako Hotel, Kyoto, Japan on March 24, 2007. The following members participated the first meeting and made the IPL World Centre Regulation.
Japanese Government: Satoru NISHIKAWA（Director for Disaster Preparedness, Cabinet Office） Koichi ABE (Head of the Office for Disaster Prevention Research, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology) Shingi KOTOU (Deputy Director of Mountain Conservation Department, Forestry Agency, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishery) United Nations: Badaoui ROUHBAN (UNESCO) Srikantha HERATH (United Nations University) Kyoto University and Japan Landslide Society (hosts in Japan) Shuzo NISHIMURA (Vice President of Kyoto University), Hideaki MARUI (President of the Japan Landslide Society) ICL officers and members: Kyoji SASSA (ICL President), Kaoru TAKARA (ICL Executive Director), Paolo CANUTI (Vice President), Hiroshi FUKUOKA (Treasurer), Wolfgang EDER (ICL Technical Advisor), Kazuo KONAGAI（Prof. Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo）, Hirotaka OCHIAI (Section Head of the Forestry and Forest Product Research Institute), Ikuo TOWHATA（Prof. Faculty of Engineering, University of Tokyo）
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Regulations of the IPL World Centre
I. This regulations defines the necessary items concerning the IPL World Centre (hereinafter referred to as “IWC”) which was established by the 2006 Tokyo Action Plan Strengthening Research and Learning on Landslides and Related Earth System Disasters for Global Risk Preparedness.
II. IWC is a part of the International Consortium on Landslides in the legal status. IWC is managed by the IPL Global Promotion Committee which consists of ICL member organizations and ICL Supporting organizations.
III. Activities of IWC are as follows: 1) to serve as the secretariat for the International Programme on Landslides (IPL); 2) to serve as the secretariat of IPL Global Promotion Committee; and 3) to coordinate and implement the global landslide issues of IPL such as edition of the International Journal “Landslides”, ICL Landslide Teaching Tools, establishment and management of “World Landslide Database World Reports on Landslides ” , Publication of books or Proceedings, specific projects on landslide investigation, technological development and others. like the 2006 Leyte Landslide.
IV. Funds of IWC are as follows: 1) Fund from ICL; 2) A part of the Subvention to IPL necessary to implement the global landslide issues; and 3) Fund raised by IWC.
V. IWC is an entity as described in the Item II. Its organizational components are the management committee, advisors, researchers, and the secretarial staffs. Members of management committee and others are as follows: 1) Members of the management committee are one from ICL-Headquarter, one from ICL members in Europe European Centre, one from UNESCO, one from DPRI/KU (host), and one Secretary; 2) Researches are from ICL member organizations and other researchers who are accessible to and cooperate with IWC; 3) Advisors are from ICL supporting organizations including United Nations Organizations accessible to IWC, Kyoto University, and five offices of the Government of Japan (Cabinet Office, MOFA, MEXT, MAFF and MLIT); and 4) Secretarial staffs of IWC.
Note: The regulation is applied from 1 April 2007. (The underlined part will be added and the crossing part will be deleted from the original regulation on 8th Session of IPL Global Promotion Committee 2013)
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2013 Members of the Council of the IPL World Centre (alphabetical order)
Name Affiliation Advisor Shin INOUE Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries Earthquake and Volcanic Disaster Management Office, Sabo Advisor Atsushi OKAMOTO Department, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism Office for Disaster Reduction Research, Ministry of Advisor Hideaki MARUYAMA Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology Advisor Michiaki MISHIMA Vice President of Kyoto University Advisor Masatoshi YOKKAICHI Disaster Preparedness, Cabinet Office Member Kyoji SASSA Director of IPL World Centre, ICL Executive Director Member Salvano BRICENO. Vice Chair of IRDR Science Committee, ICL senior adviser Member Paolo CANUTI President of ICL Member Wolfgang EDER Technical Advisor of ICL Member Hiroshi FUKUOKA Kyoto University, DPRI, ICL Auditor Member Srikantha HERATH United Nations University Member Daisuke HIGAKI Japan Landslide Society, President Member Niigata University, Research Institute for Natural Hazards and Hideaki MARUI Disaster Recovery, ICL Auditor Member Hirotaka OCHIAI Forestry and Forest Product Research Institute, ICL Treasure IPL adviser, Special Adviser to the Assistant Director-General Member Badaoui ROUHBAN. for Natural Sciences of UNESCO Member Kaoru TAKARA Kyoto University, DPRI, ICL Vice President Member Ikuo TOWHATA University of Tokyo, ICL member Member Satoshi TSUCHIYA Shizuoka University Member Fawu WANG Shimane University
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Officers of IPL Committees
Current Officers of IPL
IPL Global Promotion Committee (IPL-GPC) Chair: Salvano Briceno (Former Director of UNISDR, Vice Chair, IRDR Science Committee, ICL Senior Advisor) Deputy Chairs: Badaoui Rouhban, Paolo Canuti and Kyoji Sassa
Independent Panel of Experts for Word Centres of Excellence Chair: Han van Ginkel (Former Rector of the United Nations University)
Committee for IPL Award for Success Chair: Badaoui Rouhban (IPL adviser, Special Adviser to the Assistant Director-General for Natural Sciences)
IPL Project Evaluation Committee Chair: Matjaz Mikos (University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, Slovenia)
ICL Network Committee working for IPL Projects and WCOEs Chair: Snjezana Mihalic (Zagreb University, Croatia)
IPL WEB Moderator: Teuku Faisal Fathani (Gadjah Madah University, Indonesia)
Leaders of WCoEs: Currently 15 Leaders.
IPL World Centre: Working for the Secretariat of IPL and IPL-GPC and coodinating and implementing the Global landslide issues such as the edition of the International Journal “Landslides”, Database, targeted landslide investigation, scientific research and technical development (See D21)
No term for IPL officers. New officer, Coordinator for World Reports on Landslides will be called.
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Abstracts of 2013 IPL Symposium
Number Speaker Country Title
Landslides Occurrence Mechanism and Movement 1 Wei Shan China Characteristics in China Bei'an under climate change
Landslide hazard and slope stability in Cordillera Blanca, 2 Jan Klimeš Czech Republic Peru
Kiyoharu Hirota Evaluation of Landslide after Hurricane Mitch 1998 in 3 Honduras Luis Eveline Tegucigalpa, Honduras
Progress on the Development of Real-time Monitoring and 4 Faisal Fathani Indonesia Early Warning of Landslide
The impact of landslides on sediment yield of Tootkabon 5 Zieaoddin Shoaei Iran sub-basin, northern Iran
Nicola Casagli Early Warning systems as landslide risk reduction tool: 6 Italy Veronica Tofani some examples at regional and local scale
Hiromitsu 7 Japan Landslide Mapping of Tegucigalpa-JSPS-JICA project Yamagishi New Landslide Initiatives in Africa: Important Utilities at 8 Ogbonnaya Igwe Nigeria Risk and Capacity Development Landslide Hazard and Risk Assessment in Geyser Valley 9 Oleg Zerkal Russia (Kamchatka)
Thermal wedging and ratcheting failure mechanism in 10 Vladimir Greif Slovakia rocks
Potoška planina landslide – a source of the past (and 11 Marko Komac Slovenia future?) hazardous debris-flows
Mode of Slope Failures in Hill Country Road Network in 12 A A Virajh Dias Sri Lanka Sri Lanka
NMSI Developing a framework for assessment of landslide hazard 13 Thailand Arambepola risk associated with critical national and provincial roads Vietnam-Japan Joint Project 2011-2016 Hoang Ha Vietnam from the Director of Science and Technology, MOT 14 Progress of the SATREPS Project “Development of Dinh Van Tien Vietnam Landslide Risk Assessment Technology along Transportation Arteries in Viet Nam”
Development of a new high-stress undrained dynamic 15 Quang K. Dang Vietnam loading ring shear apparatus (ICL-2)
147 Proceedings of the IPLSymposium, 2013
Landslides Occurrence Mechanism and Movement Characteristics in China Bei'an to Heihe Expressway Area under the Background of Climate Change
Shan Wei (1),JiangHua(1), Hu Zhaoguang(1) 1) Northeast Forestry University , Harbin
Abstrac t China Bei'an to Heihe Expressway Sunwu to climate change, China northeast high latitude permafrost Xigang segment Intersects the north section of Lesser south boundary move to the north, permafrost near the Khingan Mountain, in recent years, landslide southern boundary distributed in the form of island, phenomenon in this section road area is increasing, degradation process is accelerating. threatening the stability of subgrade and operation safety, Study on climate change and its impact is the global the shape characteristics and movement law of the focus. The fourth assessment report of IPCC (Solomon S. landslidehavesignificantdifferencewiththoseinother 2007) points out, the global average surface temperature areas. Based on the annual average temperature data has increased, the global surface temperature showed a from 1954 to 2011in Sunwu County which was published consistent warming trend, warming rate in nearly 50 by China National Science and Technology yearsisalmosttwotimesinrecent100 years. Numerous Infrastructure Platform , and cumulative monthly studies show that, China climate change is consistent average air temperature, ground temperature, with the global climate change general trend(Chen et al. precipitation and maximum frozen soil thickness data in 2004; Lin et al. 1995; Shi et al. 1995; Zuo et al. 2004; Ren et Sunwu County from 1971 to 2000, analyzed the al. 2005; Ding et al. 2006; Wang et al. 1998; Wang et al. relationship between the annual average temperature 1994). China warming rate is about 0.25 /10a in the change and the permafrost distribution. Based on the past 54 years, much higher than the global or geological data, ground temperature, moisture, and hemispherical average temperature increase rate over the landslide deformation monitoring data from 2009 to 2012 same period, and the Northeast China is the one of the in Bei'an to Heihe Expressway K178+530, K177+550 most significant temperature increasing area(Chen et al. section which traverses the north section of Lesser 2004; Zuo et al. 2004). Khingan Mountain, combined with the temperature and In recent years, the climate change causing atmospheric precipitation data of Sun Wu weather permafrost degradation and impacting on ecological station in related time, comparatively analyzed the environment has become a research hotspot. landslide formation mechanism and motion Permafrost is the result of lithosphere and characteristics in Bei'an to Heihe Expressway area. The atmosphere energy exchange, is an important part of the study results show that: in the past 50 years, the annual earth's cryosphere system, the presence, distribution, average temperature in Sunwu region show a clear moisture, temperature, nature and state of permafrost is upward trend, after 1995, the annual average temperature affected by many factors, and has showed distinct spatio in the region rise to 0 , permafrost degradation process temporal variations. In the global and continental scale, is accelerated; affected by atmospheric precipitation, permafrost is controlled by the climate latitude zonality melting permafrost seepage water and geological law(Solomon S. 2007; Chen et al. 2004). In the regional condition, mountain slopes in the road area slide; sliding scale, the effect of altitude and longitude is distinct. In process of the landslide in this region is controlled by the local scale, various factors affecting the water and seasonal temperature change, affected slope water heat balance, such as snow, vegetation, gradient, content change, related to geological condition, with low exposure, lithology and water, affecting on the angle, intermittent, creeping characteristics. distribution and other characteristics of permafrost is strengthening(Lin et al. 1995;Shietal.1995; Zuo et al. Keywo rds climate change, permafrost, creeping, 2004; Ren et al. 2005; Ding et al. 2006). landslide, expressway The northeast of China is the only high latitude permafrost region of China, is China's second largest permafrost region, in the north Greater and Lesser Introduction Khingan Mountain, forests and snow have a very important impact on the temperature change and freeze In the northeast of China north of 47 ° N, widely and thawing process of the underlying seasonal frozen distributed permafrost. In recent years, affected by soil and permafrost. The Greater and Lesser Khingan
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Proceedings of the IPL Symposium, 2013
Landslide hazard and slope stability in Cordillera Blanca, Peru
Jan Klimeš1, Vít Vilímek2, Jan Novotný3 1) Institute of rock structure and mechanics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, V Holešovičkách 41, Prague 8, 182 09, Czech Republic. [email protected] 2) Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Albertov 6, Prague 2, 128 43, Czech Republic. [email protected] 3) ARCADIS Geotechnika, a.s., Geologická 6, Prague, Czech Republic, [email protected]
Landslides of different types are widespread in the Andean region including Cordillera Blanca Mts. in Peru. The most devastating landslides occurring are rock/ice avalanches, which claimed thousands of lives in 1962 and 1970. Apart of earthquakes, their triggering mechanisms are being largely unexplored because they usually origin close to very high glaciated peaks where no permanent monitoring is applied. These avalanches have been strongly localized to the north peak of Huascaran Mt., but some recent events, like avalanche to the Lake 513, suggest possibly more widespread future occurrence of this phenomenon. Other hazardous landslide type are landslides in moraine material which may fall to the glacial lakes causing dangerous outburst floods. Landslide from the left lateral moraine of the Palcacocha Lake has been studied in depth using field mapping, geotechnical and geophysical investigations. It enabled us to describe its slope stability conditions, which may be applied also on other sites within the Cordillera Blanca with similar morphological and geological conditions. Those locations were identified from satellite images available geological maps. They include already developed glacial lakes as well as those where glacier tongues are still present. Numerous rock slides, debris flows and rock falls were also identified in the glacier valleys. Susceptibility to those landslide types was evaluated using existing geomorphological maps and digital elevation model. Lack of historical information about their occurrence frequencies as well as data describing their possible triggering conditions does not allow for reliable hazard assessment. Only very general conclusions may be drawn saying that major seismic events, like the 7.7M earthquake in 1970, are being responsible for the vast majority of the landslides occurring during long time period in the Cordillera Blanca.
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Proceedings of the IPL Symposium, 2013
Evaluation of Landslide after Hurricane Mitch 1998 in Tegucigalpa, Honduras
Kiyoharu Hirota (1), Luis Eveline (2), Shizuka Kamiya (3) 1) Ehime University, Center for Disaster Management Informatics Research, Matsuyama, Bunkyo‐cho 3, Japan, +81 089 927 8974 2) UPi (Universidad Politécnica de Ingeniería), Residencial La Granja, Bloque F, calle de acceso al Club Social del BCIE, Comayagüela, M.D.C., Honduras 3) JICA Honduras Office, Oficial de Programa Clima cambia, Calle Santa Rosa, Casa No. 1345, Colonia Lomas del Mayab, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
Abstract This extended abstract is concerned with the The 17 landslides by Hurricane Mitch in 1988 landslides caused by hurricane Mitch 1998 in Tegucigalpa, The JICA‐project 2001 (JICA, 2002) selected 17 landslides Honduras. We evaluated landslides after “Mitch” in the in Tegucigalpa at the point of high activity. region of Tegucigalpa. Landslides after Hurricane Mitch for 15 years
We observed landslides including the 17 landslides. Three Keywords landslide, hurricane Mitch, geology, typology of 17 landslides, el Bambú, Reparto and Berrinche, were
intended for protection works against landslides. Introduction After hurricane Mitch which attacked Latin America in Results 1998, many slopes are fragile until recently. Receiving Landslides are classified into internal and external factors. disasters from hurricane Mitch, JICA (2002) selected 17 Internal factors are geology, geological structure as fault landslides with extensive damage by “Mitch” in and joints, and geomorphological features. External Tegucigalpa. We re‐examined 17 landslides and more factors are rainfall, cutting, bank, and groundwater. through the fieldwork in Tegucigalpa.
Discussion Geographical and Geological Settings Typology of landslides Geographic features The result of our study shows that landslides in Tegucigalpa forms a basin which has a radius of 10 Tegucigalpa can be classified by the definition of Varnes kilometres approximately. The Río Choluteca runs (1978) who introduced five types for classification of northward to cut the hill and curves southward around landslides: Falls, Topples, Slides (including Rotational the ridge of this basin into the Pacific. and Translational slides), Lateral spreads, and Complex. Geologic features Landslides factors Basic geologic feature of the region is as follows: Intense rainfall, relief, slope angle, slope form, and slope Mesozoic sandstone and Cenozoic pyroclastic rocks. exposure are recognized as factors in slide formation and
distribution. There is no expanded mineral in slip clay. Disaster of the Hurricane Mitch
Landslides Acknowledgments Large scaled landslides, ex. El Berrinche, happened We are grateful to members of JSPS‐JICA project, of around and inside of the ridge of Tegucigalpa‐basin. Ehime University, and of UPI for providing helpful advice Flooding during this study. When El Berrinche moved downwards and dammed up the Río Choluteca, the greater part of Tegucigalpa has References been affected by flooding. JICA (2002) The Study on Flood Control and Landslide Prevention in Tegucigalpa Metropolitan Area of the Republic of Honduras Observation of landslides by the Hurricane Mitch (official document of JICA‐project 2001), Final Report in English Identification of landslides version. Varnes, D. J. (1978) Slope movement types and processes. In: We used images of “Google Earth” and aerial photographs Special Report 176: Landslides: Analysis and Control (Eds: of Tegucigalpa in 2001 by JICA project and 2013 by JSPS‐ Schuster, R. L. & Krizek, R. J.). Transportation and Road Research JICA project to identify landslides. Board, National Academy of Science, Washington D. C., 11‐33.
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Progress on the Development of Real‐time Monitoring and Early Warning of Landslide
Teuku Faisal Fathani(1), Dwikorita Karnawati(2) 1) Universitas Gadjah Mada, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Jl. Grafika No. 2 Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia 2) Universitas Gadjah Mada, Dept. of Geological Engineering, Jl. Grafika No. 2 Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
Abstract This action‐research highlights the progress on infrastructure areas, and the relocation of people living in the development of real‐time landslide monitoring and this area to the saver zone cannot be conducted due to early warning as one innovative and strategic program some socio‐economical constrains. Thus, development of with respect to landslide disaster risk reduction. The landslide warning system becomes very critical to protect technical approach for landslide mitigation was mainly the people living in the landslide risk area (Anderson et conducted for geological and geotechnical investigation al., 2011, Halcombe et al., 2012). to analyze and predict susceptibility levels of the disaster In order to guarantee the effectiveness of the prone area, as well as to develop an appropriate landslide early warning system, the developed system technology for monitoring and early warning system. The technical approach should be conducted in line with the should be simple to be operated and appropriately social approach to propose an appropriate strategy to installed in the most suitable sites. Consequently, this implement the proposed technology. An integrated real‐ system shall include the incorporating technical and time monitoring and early warning system of landslide social approaches. The determination of early warning has been developed an installed in 12 provinces in criteria is considered being one of several involvements in Indonesia. This system presents the real‐time technical approach (Fathani et al., 2011, Fathani and measurement by using upper‐ground and underground Karnawati, 2010). extensometer, tiltmeter, groundwater measurement, rain The application of an appropriate technology for gauge, ultrasonic water level sensor and IP camera. This early warning system is considered as the crucial efforts sensing device provides real‐time online data display to reduce the risk of landslide disasters. Unfortunately, system which collects the data from multiple sensors and the effectiveness in implementing an early warning shows them in a webserver. This paper describes the system cannot be guaranteed due to less consideration on achievements and the current activities IPL‐158 Project the social, cultural, and economical conditions. entitled “Development of Community‐based Landslide Accordingly, the needs to integrate social considerations Early Warning System”. into technical system should be addressed in order to
assure the effectiveness in the implementation of such Keywords landslide monitoring sensors, telemetry system, online data, socio‐technical approach approach.
Introduction Development of Technical System In the basis of landslide mitigation, the implementation The technical system to support landslide disaster risk of mitigation measure usually focused in avoiding slope reduction was developed by Fathani and Karnawati (2012), failure or diverting the moving mass away from consisting of several technical components such as the vulnerable elements, or build reinforcement to protect instruments for landslide early warning system the threatened elements. However, the importance of recommended by Fathani et al. (2008) and also Fathani early warning system may rise if landslide mass and Karnawati (2010), supported by the smart‐grid for stabilizing action is considered expensive in financial landslide hazard communication, monitoring and early and/or environmental terms. Implementation of early warning developed by Karnawati et al. (2012). warning systems may, at least, avoid damage and/or loss Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada of human lives (Corominas et al., 2005). Indonesia has developed simple and low‐cost equipment Ideally, the zone with high susceptibility and risk of for landslide monitoring and early warning since 2007. As landslide should be prevented for any development. the initiation, two types of simple extensometers and rain Unfortunately, it is quite often that this particular zone gauge were installed at several pilot areas in Central Java has been developed as dense settlement of housing and and East Java Provinces. The first type of extensometer is
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Proceedings of the IPL Symposium, 2013
The impact of landslides on sediment yield of Tootkabon sub‐basin, northern Iran
(1) (2) (1) Z. Shoaei , A. Poorasadollah , M. Shariat Jafari 1) Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute, P.O. Box 13445‐1136, +982144901415 2) Azad University, Department of Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abstract Landslides are a geological hazard affecting the Introduction mountainous regions. In addition to the damages to The sediment yield estimate of watershed has been property and loss of human life due to landslides, the corresponding sedimentation is another significant issue developed for a long time. The most widely used model is USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) developed by the that deserves attention. Sediment from landslides causes United States Department of Agriculture. However, this problems in reservoirs, including loss of storage capacity, contribution to sediment supply and damage to the model do not consider sediment source from landslides. surrounding. Examining the role of post‐failure soil loss For a watershed with landslide, the eroded soil will result in a larger sediment yield than that analyzed under or sediment yield of landslides is essential for basin surface soil erosion condition. In integrated watershed management purposes. To study the amount and longevity of landslide affects on sediment discharge, management (IWM) models together with hazard investigation in six basins have been started since 2001 in mitigation purposes, landslides distributions within the basin have to be studied that have important roles in Iran. The main aim of this project is to develop the controlling sediment yield (Korup et al., 2004; Keefer et sediment discharge model developed by Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research al., 2006). Study the effect of landslide occurrence on sediment discharge at the basin scale is one the most Institute. important processes component of integrated watershed The fluctuation of sediment discharge and frequent occurrence of landslides was compared. The sediment management. yield was quantitatively estimated from hydrometric Sediment from landslides causes problems in reservoirs, including loss of storage capacity, contribution to station located at the outlet of each sub‐basin. The sediment supply and damage to the surrounding history and dates of landslides occurrence were investigated trough the study of satellite image, environment. Because of their importance in sediment yield, landslides have been widely studied for basin published papers, field investigation and interview with management and hazard mitigation purposes. However, local people and authorities. A preliminary result from one of the selected sub‐basins detailed quantitative studies of sediment from existing is reported in this paper. This sub‐basin is located in the landslides have received less attention compared to the relatively extensive documentation of landslide as an Alborz Mountain faced to Caspian Sea. Twenty years event. (1991‐2010) data of Tootkabon sub‐basin hydrometric station has been used in the first phase of the study. Old Determining appropriate parameter values for modeling and recent landslides were investigated. The comparison the sediment yield of a watershed usually depends on the calibration of the model according to available data. This of the date of landslide and appreciable changes in knowledge could be the landslide parameters to develop sediment yield of Tootkabon sub‐basin showed that soil loss that mainly is controlled by rainfall is highly affected these models, but field observations are still required to provide observational evidence. The most common by recent landslides occurred during the 1990 Manjil factors in models are physiographic condition of the earthquake. This M7.7 earthquake happened in June, 1990, 25000 dead, 100% destruction of the houses and 145 basins, vegetation cover, class of surface soils, geology. landslides were parts of the damages of this earthquake. However, landslide that play a main role to soil disturbance and causes sediments is not considered in This study also showed that the effect of recent landslide most models. It could be due to the lack of enough data on sediment yield of the sub‐basin has delayed ten years after the date of landslides occurrence. that usually cannot meet modeling demands. For example, Bathurst et al. (2005) had no sediment yield records available for their model, so indirect data were Keywords landslide, sediment yield, Iran used in hid evaluation. Similarly, Keefer (1994) and
Schuerch et al. (2006) estimated the sediment yields of existing landslides by comparing the simulation results to the sediment discharge in the downstream channel.
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Proceedings of the IPL Symposium, 2013
Early Warning systems as landslide risk reduction tool: some examples at regional and local scale
Nicola Casagli(1), Veronica Tofani(2), Giovanni Gigli(1) 1) University of Firenze, Department of Earth Sciences, Firenze, Via La Pira 4, +30 055 2757450
Abstract Different strategies can be adopted when The hydrological model is based on an analytical dealing with landslide risk reduction; correction solution of an approximated form of Richards equation measures including slope stabilisation; avoidance under the wet condition hypothesis and it is introduced strategies including relocation of the elements at risk; de‐ as a modelled form of hydraulic diffusivity to improve the sensitization including structural interventions on the hydrological response. The geotechnical stability model is elements at risk or acceptance strategies which include based on an infinite slope model and it takes into account countermeasures to control the movement of landslide the increase in strength and cohesion due to matric masses without attempting to stabilise them. suction in unsaturated soils, where the pressure head is Among the acceptance strategies early warning negative. The soil mass variation on partially saturated systems (EWS) represent a valuable tool to reduce the soil caused by water infiltration is also modelled. number of exposed people by implementing reliable HIRESSS computes the factor of safety at each systems that are capable of alerting and evacuating selected time step (and not only at the end of the rainfall populations based on the monitoring of stability event) and at different depths within the soil layer. In conditions of the landslide (e.g. parameter values addition to rainfall, the model input data are constituted exceeding established thresholds). EWSs are defined by by slope gradient, geotechnical and hydrological the United Nations as “the set of capacities needed to parameters and soil thickness (Rossi et al., 2013). generate and disseminate timely and meaningful warning Furthermore, in order to manage the problems related to information to enable individuals, communities and the uncertainties in the main hydrological and organizations threatened by a hazard to prepare and to mechanical parameters, a Monte Carlo simulation has act appropriately and in sufficient time to reduce the been implemented. HIRESSS code was developed to run possibility of harm or loss” (UN‐ISDR, 2009). Efficient over multiprocessor systems and was tested for landslides EWSs require four major elements that have to performances with an increasing number of processing be well integrated: (1) risk assessment, (2) phenomenon units to design an optimal cost/benefit approach covering monitoring and forecasting, (3) warning communication the entire prediction chain, from rainfall data acquisition and alert dissemination and (4) local response aptitudes to the factor of safety computation. (UN‐ISDR, 2009). A forecasting chain has been designed assembling a The Department of Earth Sciences of the University numerical weather prediction model (COSMO‐LM), a of Firenze (DST‐UNIFI) has extensively worked in the statistical rainfall downscaling tool and the HIRESSS framework of national and international projects and as model for the distributed calculation of the factor of World Centre of Excellence of ICL, on the set‐up, both at safety on a pixel‐by‐pixel basis. The forecasting chain can local and regional scale, of advanced EWS. be used to forecast the triggering of shallow landslides with a 48 h lead‐time. The forecasted chain set‐up has At regional scale a landslide prediction model for been tested in a 3200 km2 wide area located in the shallow landslides has been developed. This model called Northern Apennines (Italy), simulating the rainfall event HIgh REsolution Slope Stability Simulator (HIRESSS) of 30 October 2003 – 1 November 2003, during which an (Rossi et al., 2013) is a physically based distributed slope intense rainstorm affected part of the study area triggered stability simulator for analysing shallow landslide 50 shallow landslides (Mercogliano et al., 2013). triggering in real time, on large areas, using parallel The organisation of the warning system is computational techniques. influenced by the computational time of the single tools. The physical model is composed of two parts: The basic rainfall forecasts provided by the Cosmo‐LM hydrological and geotechnical. The hydrological one model are two: a rough forecast (7 km spatial resolution), receives the predicted rainfall data as dynamical input with 48 h lead time, and a detailed forecast (2.8 km and computes the pressure head as perturbation to the spatial resolution) with 24 h lead time. The downscaling geotechnical stability model, which provides results in algorithm needed a few minutes to accomplish its task, factor of safety (FS) terms. while HIRESSS returned a series of 58 factor of safety maps (58‐ hourly time steps to simulate the whole
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Landslide Mapping of Tegucigalpa‐JSPS‐JICA project‐
Hiromitsu Yamagishi (1), Hiroshi Yagi (2),Go Sato (3) 1) Ehime University, CDMIR, Matsyma, 790‐8577, +81‐927‐9551 2) Yamagata University, Faculty of Art, Science and Education, Yamagata 3)Go Sato, Teikyo Heisei University, Ikebukuro, Tokyo
Abstract Tegucigalpa city was seriously damaged by big people at Tegucigalpa. During this time, serious landslide landslides triggered by Hurricane Mitch in 1998. Since that time, disaster took place due to heavy rainfall at the residential area the city has been damaged sometimes and threatened by at Tegucigalpa. landslides because that the slopes after the 1998 big landslides In November 2011, this JICA project was formally starting. At are prone to sliding. Actually, many large‐scale landslides this time, all of the dispatching members (H. Yamagishi, H. Yagi around Tegucigalpa City which is a basin surrounded by and G. Sato) were visiting Tegucigalpa. volcanic rocks, such as welded tuffs. In February 16th 2012 at UPI, donation ceremony of stereo However, in Honduras, there are almost no scientists viewers from JICA to UPI, and later we had airophoto concerning about landslides and related disasters even after interpretation training for the students of UPI, teachers and fire such big disasters in 1998. Therefore, JICA‐JSPS started the womens. Before the training, we gave lectures of what project of dispatching experts on landslide disasters from 2011 to landslides are, and how to find landslides and how to use GIS 2013. This project is focusing on capacity building for landslide (ARCVIEW10) at UPI. On February 17th, 2012, at Civil hazard mapping based on airphoto interpretation in order to Engineering Hall of Honduras, Prof Yagi introduced large‐scale make landslide hazard mapping. This is a preliminary report of landslides in Japan, Nepal and Pakistan, and Dr. Sato spoke the project. about not only video films on landslides in Japan and Italy, but also Higashi Nihon Big Disasters. The audience was more than Keywords airphoto‐interpretation, deep‐seated landslide, GIS, 50 people. th AHP, capacity building… On February 18 2012, we carried out the excursion to Berrinche Slide and Reparto Slide. On the 22th, Yamagishi and Introduction Sato were invited to TV company (Channel 10) and interviewed about the purpose and activities of this project at Tegucigalpa. Tegucigalpa is located in the southwest basin in Honduras, In September 2012, Yagi and Sato again visited Tegucigalpa Central America. In 1998, more than 600 people were killed by where we gave interpretation training. In addition, they landslides and associated with flooding in Tegucigalpa, due to observed landslides around Tegucigalpa by chartering a Hurricane Mitch (Harp et al, 2002a and b). Since that time helicopter from Honduras Air Force. And then they carried out Tegucigalpa city has been frequently damaged by landslides due the landslide interpretation of the main areas of Tegucigalpa to high precipitation. city. As the results, they inventoried more than 400 landslides However, in Honduras, there have been almost no geologists and they are found to be concentrated at the northern part of concerning about geologic disasters such as landslides although Tegucigalpa.They gave training of selecting landslide USGS and JICA supported many times after the 1998 event. topography to seven people (students and staffs of UPI, and Therefore, JICA‐JSPS started this project of dispatching experts staffs of UNAH). On the final day, they visited one the actual of landslide mapping from 2011 to 2013 in order to establish landslides which we selected by the airphotos. capacity building system at IGH (Geological Association of In March 2013, Hiromitsu Yamagishi and Hiroshi Yagi jointed st Honduras) which includes UPI (Hondurs Polytechnical the 1 Central America and Caribean Landslide Congress. Before University) and UNAH (National Autonomous University of the main congress, 4 day’s seminar was held at UPI and Honduras). excursion to a landslide outside of Tegucigalpa. The lecturers at This project is focusing on landslide geology and the seminar were Prof Irasema from Mexico, Dr. Carreno from topography in order to make landslide hazard mapping. It was Peru, Dr. Avila from Columbia, Prof Yagi and Prof Yamagishi starting with air‐photograph interpretation training for from Japan. The participants of the seminar were students from students and staffs of UPI and UNAH as the first step, and then UPI ,UNAH and geologic consultants Total more than 30 people. transforming the data results into GIS(Geographical The main congress was held at Civil Engineering Association Information System) and AHP( Analytic Hierarchy Process). Building at Tegucigalpa. The participants were more than 100 people of engineers and scientists from USA, Mexico, El Process of the project from 2011‐2013 Sadobadol, Costa Rica, Dominica, Peru, Columbia, Switzland, Guatgemala, Benezuela, Canada, Honduras, Japan. Totally, 25
papers were presented. All of the papers were storaged and This project started in November, 2011. The senior author downloaded from the follow sites (Fig.1). (Hiromitsu Yamagishi) was visiting first funded by JSPS. The https://docs.google.com/folder/d/0B-PzHrzBXwP9bXNWMkltN1YyVVU/edit purpose of the visiting was pre‐viewing the ability and facilities https://docs.google.com/folder/d/0B-PzHrzBXwP9cDZKa0F6Y1o3dDg/edit of the counterpart. At this time I met the president of UPI (Dr.
Luis Eveline), president of IGH (Dr. Valerio) and an important geologist (Mr. Anibal Godoy) and others. At the time, he was invited to give a lecture to the Tegucigalpa civil engineering
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Proceedings of the IPL Symposium, 2013
New Landslide Initiatives in Africa: Important Utilities at Risk and Capacity Development
Ogbonnaya Igwe(1), Hiroshi Fukuoka(2) 1) Department of Geology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, +234 70 6118 2286 2) Research Centre on Landslides, DPRI, Kyoto University, Japan
Abstract In the past, attention focused on landslide Landslides occur in nearly every terrain in the world. research in remote hilly regions where more often than Hundreds of millions of dollars are lost annually to mass not human casualty was low. The objective of the movements on steep as well as gentle slopes. The research was to understand the initiation and movement majority of landsliding episodes, in West Africa in general mechanism of the failures in the hope of applying the and Nigeria in particular, are associated with intense lesson to managing other slopes within the region to rainfall events. Nature of slope material, slope angle, fluid ensure that disasters are prevented or mitigated. While dynamics, geology and climate are important factors in the lessons had been beneficial, focus has gradually prevention and mitigation measures. Rainfall‐induced shifted to preventing failure of slopes on which important landslides may be considered one of the main agents of and key public facilities are sited. In Nigeria, just as in environmental devaluation and decimation resulting in some other parts of Africa, key facilities such as electric significant damage to people and resources across the wires, communication lines and water plants are situated world. However, their causes, effects and mechanisms on slopes whose integrity are often questionable. Failure have been under‐reported in Africa, especially in West of the slopes will undoubtedly result in calamity of high Africa where such landslides frequently occur with heavy proportion. The stability of the slopes and increasing the economic and occasional human casualties. Landslides capacity of locals to deal with emergencies are the core of triggered by rain have been discussed by Sassa (1988), the new African initiative on landslides and related geo‐ Sassa et al. (1980, 2003, 2004), Anderson and Sitar (1995), hazards. and Zhang et al. (2004, 2005, 2011a). The objectives of the study are three‐fold: (1) to Keywords Africa, key facilities, mega‐landslides determine of the actual processes that lead to the initiation of landslides using a slope stability model; (2) to determine the mechanism of the moving mass using a Introduction new ring shear apparatus that simulates the mobility of landslides and (3) to generate data that could be used for Landslides result in widespread damage to resources. In a future landslide susceptibility map. Nigeria, because of population expansion (now over 140 million) and poverty, some homes are built on and near terrains susceptible to mass wasting. The south eastern part of Nigeria is especially vulnerable to landslides. Some of the landslides in the area are usually as a result of the failure of residual soils on slopes steepened to unstable angles by erosion; and most slope failures occur during torrential rains or after many days of heavy downpour.
Fig.2 A power facility at risk at Nsukka, Southeast Nigeria Fig. 1 A mega‐landslide site at Nanka, Southeast Nigeria
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Landslide Hazard and Risk Assessment in Geyser Valley (Kamchatka)
Oleg Zerkal, Irina Gvozdeva 1) Moscow State University, Geological Faculty, Moscow, 1, Leninsky Gory st., +7 (495) 939 2568
Geyser Valley (valley of the Geysernaya river) is located distribution of slope processes in the Geyser valley. on the territory of Kronotskiy State Natural Biosphere Mapping was based on thematic interpretation of remote Reserve (Kamchatka peninsula, Russia) and is one of the sensing data with subsequent certification of the field most unique nature objects in Russia. A big landslide results. Slope processes mapping showed that landslides formed on June 3, 2007 in Geyser Valley it affected more in study area can be separated: than half of all thermal objects. Some of them were ‐ Large (with the volumes involved in the destroyed some changed their regime. The landslide displacement of more than a million cubic meters) dammed the Geysernaya river, resulting damming lake landslides, with complex mechanism of displacement formed 750 m length and up to 100 m width. that forming the modern relief. Assessment of landslide hazard in Geyser Valley ‐ Different scales (with the volume involved in the included: displacement of rocks from a few thousand to hundreds ‐ field observation in Geyser Valley, thousands cubic meters) landslide, primarily shallow ‐ remote sensing data interpretation, landslides. The mechanism of displacement – rockfalls, ‐ investigation of physical and geotechnical block landslides, earthflow, complicating the modern characteristics of soil and rock, and relief. ‐ landslide hazard map preparation and Some maps were made to assess the development of recommendations of mitigation of landslide hazard. landslides: Map of landslide types (according to the mechanism of displacement), characterizing the Landslide in Geyser valley distribution of slope processes in the Geyser valley. Formation and the displacement of landslide in the left Mapping was based on thematic interpretation of remote side of the Geyser valley occurred in the upper part of sensing data with subsequent certification of the field Vodopadny creek. According to witnesses the main results. In the observed area 530 phenomenons of slope displacement looked like viscous flow of ground masses processes have been allocated. 249 landslides occurred and lasted 2,5 minutes. As a result of slope deformations within the volcano‐sedimentary strata. Identified slope a landslide tongue formed. Its length reached 3,4 km processes have different mechanism of displacement, width 800‐900 m in upper part and 0,2‐0,4 km in the toe. including 74 rockfalls, 30 block landslides, 48 complex The landslide surface is uneven; the dip of slope does not landslides, 295 earthflow, 20 from them transformed to exceed 10°. mudflow, 60 talus. Additional refinement of the landslide was carried. Comparative analysis of digital models of surface after Conclusions and before sliding has shown that the whole volume of Development of big landslide formed on June 3, 2007 landslide deposits is 16,31 ml m3. gave impetus to the study of landslides in the region. It should be noted that since September 2007 there Mapping of distribution of slope deformations has been was a displacement of several secondary block landslide made first. in the head of the landslide formed on June 3, 2007.
Laboratory investigations The study of bedrock samples revealed that involved in displacement lacustrine‐volcanic deposits were largely replaced by clay minerals and very susceptible to humidification. Their properties changed significantly in particular they lost strength when wet.
Mapping of landslides in the Valley of Geysers Some maps were made to assess the development of landslides: Map of landslide types (according to the mechanism of displacement), characterizing the
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Proceedings of the IPL Symposium, 2013
Thermal wedging and ratcheting failure mechanism in rocks
Vladimir Greif(1), Ivana Simkova(1), Jan Vlcko(1) 1) Comenius University in Bratislava, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Dept. of Engineering Geology, Mlynska dolina G, 84215, Bratislava, Slovakia, +421260296596
Abstract Cyclic diurnal and annual Introduction temperature variations acting upon rocks belong The knowledge of slope movements to the permanent factors rarely considered being generated due to the cyclic temperature change is the triggering factors of slope movements. The importance of temperature changes is viewed not completely new. Davison (1880) in late 19‐th century dealt with the problem of rock block mainly as a precursor of failures where triggers displacement on inclined plane triggered by the are rainfall or seismic activity. This paper aims to determine the limit conditions where a plastic temperature variations. Further ideas in this field deformation develops in situation where a block could be attributed to Redlich et al., (1929) and Zaruba (1932) who shared the opinion, that slope or several block fallen into an open discontinuity movements could be triggered by cyclic create a “wedge‐like” behavior causing non‐elastic displacement of block resting on an inclined temperature changes. plane. A physical model was prepared to study this phenomenon in the thermal dilatometer where the displacements were measured using LVDT sensors for blocks with different block/wedge ratios, while changing the temperature in a controlled manner. Together 9 physical models of sandstone blocks were tested for annual temperature change of T=35°C while measuring the permanent displacements of a block in order to confirm the existence of this type of failure mechanism. Further a series of Fig. 1 Principle of the thermaly induced wedging cyclic tests were performed on all 9 physical mechanism. models in order to determine the threshold Occurrence of slope movements as a temperature change at which the plastic consequence of thermal stress generation inside deformation occurs for different block/wedge the rock slopes is at present not well understood. ratios. Many authors (Günzburger et al., 2005; Watson et The results confirmed the existence of al., 2004; Vlcko et al. 2005, 2009; Jezný et al. 2007; plastic deformation resulting from a cyclic Brcek et al. 2009, 2010; Gishig et al., 2011a, 2011b; wedging mechanism for block/wedge ratio 0.5 Mufundirwa, 2011 ; Vargas et al., 2013) dealing and total model size of 50mm reaching with these problems acknowledge the thermo‐ permanent displacement of 4.23x10‐3 mm for a mechanical effect affecting the rock slopes, but block resting on an inclined plane with slope of 7°. the quantification has proven to be difficult. For same conditions a temperature change which Pasten (2013) attempted to quantify the amount of causes a permanent displacement of the block by thermal sliding on a conceptual analytical wedging mechanism was found out to be as low as simplified model shown in Fig.1, where several 6 °C. The results of physical model are in blocks fallen into an open crack simplified as agreement with proposed analytical solution by wedge block of the same rock material act on the Pasten (2013) and measurements of Bakun‐Mazor block resting on a sliding surface forcing it to et al., (2013) at Masada site in Israel. move due to the wedging/ratcheting mechanism. This led to a series of equations enabling to Keywords thermal wedging, rock stability, failure calculate the plastic deformation of this rock mechanism, cyclic temperature change block. Recently, Bakun‐Mazor et al., (2013) applied this conceptual model on the rock slope in Masada (Israel) to distinguish between seismically and thermally induced displacements
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Proceedings of the IPL Symposium, 2013
Potoška planina landslide – a source of the past (and future?) hazardous debris‐flows
Marko Komac(1), Tina Peternel(1) 1) Geological Survey of Slovenia, Dimičeva 14, Ljubljana, +386 1 2809 700
Abstract Approximately one third of Slovenian area is at Additional in situ equipment (rain‐gauge station, digital least highly susceptible to slope mass movements due to camera, boreholes, geotechnical measurements) is in the morphology, geological and tectonic conditions. The process of being installed during the autumn 2013 to Potoška planina landslide (~ 1300 m a.s.l) is situated collect information on precipitation quantities, surface above the village of Koroška Bela in the outskrits of town water flow and drainage and optical mass movement. In Jesenice in the Karavanke Mountain area of north‐ order to monitor landslide activity, spatial and temporal western Slovenia. The broader area of study case is measurements such as displacement rates and extents in composed of heavily deformed clastic and partly the surface topography have been acquired periodically carbonate Carbonifferous and Permian rocks, locally every 4 months for the past 3 years. In July 2013 the first covered by large amount of talus material occurring in measurement with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) the upper part of the landslide at the foot of the ridge. equipped with digital compact cameras was carried out Tectonically, territory is situated between Sava and covering the lower part of the source area where the Periadriatic main fault zones and dissected by numerous triggering of landslide and consequentially potential faults linking the two main faults. The broader area of debris‐flow could occur (~150 x 500 m2). UAV‐based Western Karavanke Mts. was subjected to severe debris‐ remote sensing approach provides a high‐resolution flow events in the recent geological past. The most recent digital surface model of the landslide and can be used to event happened at the end of the 18th Century and determine a long‐term average displacement velocity. caused partial or total destruction of forty buildings and With the purpose to measure vertical and horizontal cultivated areas. Due to large quantities of the displacements of the landslide, the classical geodetic underground and the surface water that are occasionally deformation measurements (tacheometric) have been present at the location, the sliding material could be performed. Geodetic network at the Potoška planina potentially transformed into the debris‐flow of the same landslide initially consisted of 10 geodetic points that or greater mass and could endanger the settlement were distributed in source area of landslide. Positions of Koroška Bela in the future. The current activity of the all points were determined in November 2012 and again landslide Potoška planina is presumed to be a slow‐ in June 2013. After a reconnaissance it was observed that motion slip, which can be proved with numerous tree points were destroyed due to significant mass deformations on local roads, the relief and “pistol butt” displacements in the observed area. First results of the trees (trees with knees). Assumed length of landslide is tacheometric measurements show significant horizontal 500 m, its width is 250 m with an average depth in (approximately 1 m) and vertical displacements between 5 and 10 m, while the maximum volume of the (approximately 0.5 m). sliding masse has been estimated at about 1.8×106 m3. In the past the study area was investigated in the frame of As the Potoška planina landslide represents a huge the European project “Integrated Interferometry and hazard for the inhabitants (approximately 2000 GNSS for Precision Survey (I2GPS)” that aimed to develop inhabitants could be directly affected) and for the public a novel unit that combines two techniques – a Compact infrastructure (major railway, local road and steel factory Active Transponder (CAT) with an integrated Global could be affected) within or near the Koroška Bela village, Positioning System (GPS) antenna, to ensure a co‐ periodical monitoring used for the modelling of the registration of displacements and allowing a high dynamics and behaviour of the landslide is necessary in precision 3D displacement assessments of devices located order to assess any unwanted hazard levels in time. on site. Four CAT units (PSI data) and four combined CAT and GPS units (allowing 3D displacement assessments) were installed for the purpose of the slope stability monitoring. InSAR as well as GNSS results of CAT units show relatively large, up to 32 mm horizontal and up to 15 mm vertical displacements indicating the sliding of central‐upper and south eastern part of the landslide body.
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Proceedings of the IPL Symposium, 2013
Mode of Slope Failures in Hill Country Road Network in Sri Lanka
A A Virajh Dias, H M J M K Herath, S S I Kodagoda Centre for Research & Development, Central Engineering Consultancy Bureau, Sri Lanka
Abstract The damage on road infrastructure due to slope failures in the hill country Sri Lanka is a common impact during rainy seasons and therefore road‐base‐ failure modes was assessed. Geological evidences show more prolong failure patterns but some are responsible for changing slope geometry due to road way construction approah. Infinite slope failure or jointed failure is the most significant catastrophic failure mode in roads and composite failure mode is in the second in place. The study highlights more significant modes of failures considering its geology, geometry, vegetation, overburden soil and shear strength. It is worth to note that some of the neglected geological aspects in design specifications lead to unavoidable road infrastructure failures. Rook fall and rock slump are separately discussed due to initiation and momentum of debries failure and those aspects may require regional scale of Figure 1: Planer failure in rock slopes interpretation and mapping.
Keywords slope failures, geology, road failures
Introduction Landslide activity responds to rapid environmental changes and represents a relevant geoindicator in road base failures in hill slopes. Therefore, hazard assessment can be incorporated with various geoindicators such as slope, geology, hydrology, old landslide scars, changing geometry and human intervention parameters.
Modes of Road Failures in landslides Damage is widespread and highly variable from location to location and is not limited only to human infrastructure. The cause of variations in extent of landslide damage was investigated. The greatest Figure 2: Circular mode of failure in road banks concentration of land sliding and road damage occurred or originated in clear cut areas, poorly managed The frequency of landslides within recently clear‐cut plantation areas and in areas with logging roads built on areas and along roads was much higher than in steep slopes. However, not all managed areas were comparable plantation area in middle elevation or heavily impacted. unmanaged areas. Rate of land sliding was clearly It appears that the greatest damage occurred in associated with the types of land use activities. slopes with a combination of steep slopes and/or Some areas displayed only localized land sliding in unstable bedrock geology and within an altitude range road cut section while others showed widespread land where precipitation intensities were relatively high. sliding including both upper and lower slope connected. In both areas, land sliding was always associated with managed areas (clear cuts and/or roads).
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Proceedings of the IPL Symposium, 2013
Developing a framework for assessment of landslide hazard risk associated with critical national and provincial roads
N.M.S.I. Arambepola and Krishna Chandra Devkota Asian Disaster Preparedness Center, SM Tower, 24th Floor, 979/69 Paholyothin Road, Samsen Nai, Phayathai, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand. Email : [email protected], [email protected]
Abstract Much of the road network of Lao PDR is located in hilly and mountainous terrain and, while the majority of the landscape is forested, landslides pose a considerable hazard to road operations. These landslide occurrences often coincide with periods of heavy monsoon rain. The climate of the country generally is monsoonal with a distinct summer wet season. The annual rainfall totals reach over 4500 mm in some places. Landslides in Lao PDR cause frequent hold‐ups to traffic on affected roads, and this creates direct economic impact due to transportation disruptions. More over this frequently creates inconvenience to road users and the wider community. The cost of landslide repairs is also high, and can account for between 50% and 80% of emergency maintenance costs of the road sector annually. The purpose of the proposed framework for country‐wide risk–based landslide inventory for critical national and provincial roads is to facilitate taking suitable proactive cost effective measures in order to reduce disruptions to transportation network due to occurrence of landslides during monsoon periods. This framework also will serve as a guideline for designing new slope stabilization measures where necessary during implementation of road expansion/improvement projects. Presently road engineers usually do not take into consideration landslide hazard and risk potential during road improvement project implementation and excavations at times lead to subsequent slope destabilization. Recommendations will be included in the framework for identifying likely high risk landslide locations or prone areas with high hazard, which need special attention during excavations as well in implementation of priority mitigation measures. Landslide risk evaluation begins with the identification and description of the level of risk to the transport sector, particularly road sections, to succeed towards physical evaluation of the exposed slopes and a characterization of the level of risk. The draft framework, will provide methodology for inventorization and documentation of past landslide events, potential hazardous areas and delineate the safe areas in critical national and provincial roads. The degree of susceptibility to landslide hazard will be demarcated through physical evaluation of the upper and lower slopes of the road sections. The paper presents the methodology adapted for assessment of landslide hazard risk associated with critical national and provincial roads and monitoring of high‐risk areas.
Keywords Landslide Inventory, road slope assessment
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Proceedings of the IPL Symposium, 2013
Technical Asistaince Project: “Development of Landslide Risk Assessment Technology along Transport Arteries in Vietnam” and Initial Results
Pro. Hoang Ha (1), Msc. DinhVanTien(2 1) Department of Science & Technology ‐ MOT 2) Institute of Transport Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
Abstract Due to the natural characteristics such as high mountain area, geological complexity, yearly tropical storms, the natural landslide phenomenon usually occurs on severe arterial roads in mountainous area of Vietnam during the rainy season. Proactive steps to deal with this phenomena, the Intitute of Transport Science and Technology (ITST), Ministry of Transport was tasked as Technical assistance project owner of " Development of Landslide Risk Assessment Technology along Transport Arteries in Vietnam” project which use of non‐refundable aid of FY 2011 JICA ‐ 2016. After nearly two years of implementation of cooperative research , this article report some initial results have been carried out by researchers from both Vietnam and Japan which base on of four research groups activities as (1) integrated research, education, development of human resources, announcement and information spread,(2) wide‐area landslide mapping and identification of landslide risk area,(3) development of landslide risk assessment technology based on soil testing and computer simulation and (4) Risk evaluation and development of early warning system based on landslide monitoring. The success of the project and the developed results are not only limited application in the field of transport, but also contributed widely used in other fields, providing efficiency economy and towards the development of a sustainable society.
Keywords: Technical Cooperation, Landslide, Risk Assessment, Transportaion, Project Document, Vietnam
Some pictures of the activities of technical assistance projects of “Development of Landslide Risk Assessment Technology along Transport Arteries in Vietnam”
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Proceedings of the IPL Symposium, 2013
Development of a new high ‐ stress undrained dynamic loading ring shear apparatus (ICL‐2)
Kyoji Sassa, Quang Khang Dang International Consortium on Landslides, 138‐1 Tanaka Asukai‐cho, Sakyo‐ku, Kyoto 606‐8226, Japan, Email: [email protected]
Abstract As a part of the project of the International Programme on Landslides (IPL) to mitigate landslide disasters in Vietnam supported by the Japan Government (SATREPS), the high ‐ stress undrained dynamic loading ring shear apparatus ICL‐2 is the latest version of the ring shear apparatus series developed by K. Sassa and his colleague. Compared to all previous versions (DPRI‐3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and ICL‐1), ICL‐2 was expected to simulate the initiation and motion of megaslides. ICL‐2 is able to test very deep landslides with the capacity of normal stress loading and maintaining an undrained state up to 3Mpa which corresponds to 100‐200 deep landslides. In this paper, the general structure, testing procedure of ICL‐2 and some results of speed control tests, undrained stress control tests, pore water pressure and cyclic loading tests are presented.
Keywords Dynamic ring shear apparatus, ICL‐2, megaslides, landslide simulator
Ring shear apparatus ICL‐2 and section of the main body
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PROPOSAL FOR THE ORGANIZATION OF THE WLF4 IN 2017
WORLD LANDSLIDE FORUM 4 “Coexistence with Landslides in Space‐Time” PROPOSED DATES: Ljubljana, Slovenia, June 5 – 9, 2017 (Monday to Friday)
HOST ORGANIZATIONS
University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering (UL FGG), Ljubljana
Geological Survey of Slovenia (GeoZS), Ljubljana
ICL ABN – Adriatic‐Balkan Network
Slovenian Geotechnical Society (SloGeD), Ljubljana, ISSMGE Member
Republic of Slovenia, Ministry of Defence, Administration for Civil Protection and Disaster Relief (Tentative) Government of the Republic of Slovenia, Council for Protection against natural and other disasters
(Tentative) Slovenian Chamber of Engineers, Ljubljana, ECEC Member, (Tentative)
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Slovenia is a prone country to different forms of landslides, mainly rainfall‐induced, and with a long tradition of landslide mitigation. The ICL has many members in the neighboring region, 6 ICL members cooperate in the ICL Adriatic‐Balkan Network (established in 2012) that would co‐host the WLF4. The main hosting organizations in Slovenia would be the University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering (ICL member 2008‐, WCoE 2008‐2011, 2011‐2014; established in 1919, the oldest university in Slovenia) and the Geological Survey of Slovenia (ICL member, 2011‐; established in 1946, a public research institution and leading institution in Slovenia in the fields of geology and geological engineering), the event would be co‐hosted by the Geotechnical Society of Slovenia (established in 1991) that has successfully co‐organized 13th Danube‐European Conference on Geotechnical Engineering in 2006 in Ljubljana (over 300 participants). Further support from the Ministry of Defence and the Government of the Republic of Slovenia would be secured, as well as from the Slovenian Chamber of Engineers (established in 1996) that has successfully hosted the World Engineering Forum 2012 in Ljubljana (over 600 participants). Due to its Central European location, the WLF4 location would attract large attendance from neighboring countries (Italy, Croatia, Austria) and from wider European space (Germany, Czech Republic, France, Norway, Balkan countries, Turkey).
FORUM SCHEDULE Sunday – Pre‐Forum day (visiting horse stud farm Lipica & visiting UNESCO Heritage site Škocjan Caves & possibly a concert in the karst cave of Vilenica,) Monday – ICL & IPL internal affairs (ICL Council Meeting, GPC Meeting,…) & Ice Breaker Evening Event Tuesday – Plenary Meeting (Opening Ceremony, Panel Discussions, Plenary Lectures) & Forum Banquet Wednesday & Thursday – Plenary Sessions Friday – Plenary Meeting (Plenary sessions, Round Table, Closing Ceremony) Saturday & Sunday – Technical visits – a) to Croatia: landslides in the Istria Peninsula, Rijeka (Grohovo Landslide) and Zagreb (Kostanjek Landslide), overnight stay in Zagreb, landslides in Dalmatia, transfer to Split Airport b) to Slovenia & Italy: Slano blato Landslide, Strug Landslide, World War I Museum in Kobarid, overnight stay in Bovec, Stože Landslide, Val Canale in Italy, Macesnik Landslides, transfer to Ljubljana and/or Jože Pučnik (Ljubljana) Airport.
The Stože Landslide (left) and the Slano Blato landslide (right) (source: Google Maps).
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FORUM VENUE Option 1: GR – Ljubljana Exhibition and Convention Centre The largest events centre in Slovenia comprising 23 multifunctional halls that occupy a surface area of 26,031 m2, which are complemented by 10,194 m2 of external exhibition space. The function rooms, providing a high degree of versatility, can be arranged to welcome any kind of meeting from 15 to 4,000 delegates. The largest hall provides a seating capacity for around 2,200 people theatre‐style, or 1,200 if a banqueting set‐up is arranged. The three larger halls are complemented by an array of different‐sized conference rooms. Several among them can hold in between 70 and 500 seats.
Option 2: CD – Congress Centre Ljubljana Located in the centre of Ljubljana, at a walking distance from several hotels and the attractive Old Town. With 22 multi‐purpose halls and function rooms and a maximum capacity of 2,000 delegates in the plenary hall, it is the largest purpose‐built congress centre in Slovenia in terms of auditorium style seating and among our most established venues on the international conference market.
GENERAL DESTINATION INFORMATION Slovenia is coiled up by mountains, surrounded by Austria, Italy, Hungary and the Adriatic Sea on the one side, and Croatia on the other, this Central European country of two million inhabitants, which is only half the size of Switzerland, surprises most first‐time visitors with the array of its landscapes and the rich cultural heritage. Slovenia has joined the European Union in 2004 and introduced the Euro as its official currency in January 2007. The same year, Slovenia also joined the Schengen Zone. Ljubljana, the capital, is a vital city which is developing with a clear vision, putting the quality of life at the forefront. Although, with 280.000 residents, it does not rank among the major European capitals and large cities, it combines in fact many facilities and services of a metropolis with the relaxed ambience and safety of smaller towns.
ACCOMMODATION FACILITIES Ljubljana provides a good range of accommodation facilities of all categories and types, currently totaling to around 2,500 hotel rooms (year 2013). Additional units are available in pensions, bed & breakfast, short‐let apartments, plus youth‐ and student hostels.
SPECIAL EVENT VENUES Ljubljana provides an ample choice of venues for social functions, the advantage being that several are in the downtown area. Since the city is compact, this logistically means that transfers are not necessary, as several locations are at a walking distance from the downtown hotels. Some of the most popular are the Ljubljana Castle, perching above the Old Town, the City Museum, the National Museum, the National Gallery glass hall, the old Post Office atrium, the Opera House and the Museum of Modern History.
FLYING TO THE VENUE All flights to and from Ljubljana are operated through the Jože Pučnik Ljubljana Airport, which is located at 25 km from the city centre. Adria Airways, Slovenia’s national carrier, operates around 170 direct scheduled flights per week from Ljubljana to 18 destinations, mainly in Europe. It is a member of the Star Alliance network. Other airlines operating scheduled flights to Ljubljana Airport are: Austrian, Aeroflot, Air France, EasyJet, Finnair, JAT, Montenegro Airlines, Turkish Airlines and Wizz Air.
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Secretariat of ICL and IPL Global Promotion Committee
UNITWIN Headquarters Building Association for Disaster Prevention Research Kyoto University, Uji Campus 138-1 Tanaka-Asukaicho, Sakyo-ku Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan Kyoto 606-8226, Japan Tel:+81(774)384834 Tel:+81(75)7230640 Fax:+81(774)384019 Fax:+81(75)9500910
E-mail: [email protected] WEB for IPL http://iplhq.org/ WEB of ICL: http://icl.iplhq.org/,