Exploring Macroevolution
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Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections Volume 148, Number 3
—r SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOLUME 148, NUMBER 3 UPPER CAMBRIAN TRILOBITE FAUNAS OF NORTHEASTERN TENNESSEE (With 21 Plates) By FRANCO RASETTI The Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, Md. (Publication 4598) CITY OF WASHINGTON PUBLISHED BY THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION June 10, 1965 ,v, . SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOLUME 148, NUMBER 3 l^psfarrl| 3F«ttb UPPER CAMBRIAN TRILOBITE FAUNAS OF NORTHEASTERN TENNESSEE (With 21 Plates) By FRANCO RASETTI The Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, Md. (Publication 4598) CITY OF WASHINGTON PUBLISHED BY THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION June 10, 1965 <.%'^ Q^fii^ CONNECTICUT PRINTERS, INC. HARTFORD, CONN., U.S.A. CONTENTS Part I. Stratigraphy and Faunas Pj^ge Acknowledgments 3 Descriptions of Localities and Sections 3 General statement 3 Hawkins County 4 Hamblen County 10 Grainger County 12 Jefferson County I5 Union County 19 Claiborne County 21 Knox County 22 Monroe County 23 Purchase Ridge, Scott Coimty, Virginia 24 Index of Localities 25 Fauna of the Cedaria Zone 26 Fauna of the Crepicephalus Zone 28 Fauna of the Aphelaspis Zone 30 Part II. Systematic Paleontology General Statement 38 Descriptions of Trilobite Genera and Species Order AGNOSTIDA 38 Family AGNOSTIDAE 38 Order CORYNEXOCHIDA 39 Family DORYPYGIDAE 39 Order PTYCHOPARHDA 40 Family LONCHOCEPHALIDAE 40 Family CATILLICEPHALIDAE 44 Family CREPICEPHALIDAE 45 Family TRI CREPICEPHALIDAE 54 Family ASAPHISCIDAE 55 Family KINGSTONIIDAE 60 Family MENOMONIIDAE 61 Family NORWOODIIDAE 64 Family CEDARIIDAE 69 Family ELVINIIDAE 71 Family PTEROCEPHALIIDAE 72, PTYCHOPARHDA of uncertain affinities 102 Undetermined trilobites 112 References 115 Explanation of Plates 118 UPPER CAMBRIAN TRILOBITE FAUNAS OF NORTHEASTERN TENNESSEE By FRANCO RASETTI The Johns Hopkins University PART I. STRATIGRAPHY AND FAUNAS The purpose of this paper is both to describe the fossils and to present them in their proper stratigraphic setting. -
Paleontological Contributions
Paleontological Contributions Number 3 A new Cambrian arthropod, Emeraldella brutoni, from Utah Martin Stein, Stephen B. Church, and Richard A. Robison September 30, 2011 Lawrence, Kansas, USA ISSN 1946-0279 paleo.ku.edu/contributions http://hdl.handle.net/1808/8086 Paleontological Contributions September 30, 2011 Number 3 A NEW CAMBRIAN ARTHROPOD, EMERALDELLA BRUTONI, FROM UTAH Martin Stein,1* Stephen B. Church,2 and Richard A. Robison1 1University of Kansas, Department of Geology, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA, [email protected], [email protected]; 2Sinclair Oil & Gas Company, Salt Lake City, Utah 84130, USA, [email protected] ABSTRACT Emeraldella is a rare arthropod of relatively large body size that belongs with the trilobite-like arthropods, Artiopoda. E. brutoni n. sp. from the Wheeler Formation of west-central Utah is the second species described and marks the first confirmed occurrence of Emeraldella outside the Burgess Shale of British Columbia. An articulated, flagelliform telson, similar to that of the Burgess Shale taxon Molaria, is recognized in Emeraldella. Evidence for the presence of lamellae on the exopods of Molaria is presented, supporting affinity of that taxon with Artiopoda. A close relationship between Emeraldella and Molaria is tentatively suggested, based on the morphology of tergites and telson. Keywords: Wheeler Formation, Drum Mountains, exceptional preservation, Arthropoda INTRODUCTION others (2007), Elrick and Hinnov (2007), Brett and others (2009), Halgedahl and others (2009), and Howley and Jiang (2010), The Wheeler Formation of west-central Utah is well known have provided more detailed information about its stratigraphy for its diverse and exceptionally preserved biota, which was and depositional environments. One of us (S.B.C.) collected the reviewed by Robison (1991). -
Chesapecten, a New Genus of Pectinidae (Mollusca: Bivalvia) from the Miocene and Pliocene of Eastern North America
Chesapecten, a New Genus of Pectinidae (Mollusca: Bivalvia) From the Miocene and Pliocene of Eastern North America GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 861 Chesapecten) a New Genus of Pectinidae (Mollusca: Bivalvia) From the Miocene and Pliocene of Eastern North America By LAUCK W. WARD and BLAKE W. BLACKWELDER GEOLOGIC.AL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 861 A study of a stratigraphically important group of Pectinidae with recognition of the earliest described and figured Anzerican fossil UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON 1975 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR ROGERS C. B. MORTON, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY V. E. McKelvey, Director Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Ward, Lauck W Chesapecten, a new genus of Pectinidae (Mollusca, Bivalvia) from the Miocene and Pliocene of eastern North America. (Geological Survey professional paper ; 861) Includes bibliography and index. Supt. of Docs. no.: I 19.16:861 1. Chesapecten. 2. Paleontology-Tertiary. 3. Paleontology-North America. I. Blackwelder, Blake W., joint author. II. Title III. Series: United States. Geological Survey. Professional paper : 861. QE812.P4W37 564'.11 74-26694 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402- Price $1.45 (paper cover) Stock Number 2401-02574 CONTENTS Page Abstract --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 Introduction -------------------------------------------------.----------------------------- 1 Acknowledgments ______________________________ -
Early and Middle Cambrian Trilobites from Antarctica
Early and Middle Cambrian Trilobites From Antarctica GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 456-D Early and Middle Cambrian Trilobites From Antarctica By ALLISON R. PALMER and COLIN G. GATEHOUSE CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE GEOLOGY OF ANTARCTICA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 456-D Bio stratigraphy and regional significance of nine trilobite faunules from Antarctic outcrops and moraines; 28 species representing 21 genera are described UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1972 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR ROGERS C. B. MORTON, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY V. E. McKelvey, Director Library of Congress catalog-card No. 73-190734 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price 70 cents (paper cover) Stock Number 2401-2071 CONTENTS Page Page Abstract_ _ ________________________ Dl Physical stratigraphy______________________________ D6 I&troduction. _______________________ 1 Regional correlation within Antarctica ________________ 7 Biostratigraphy _____________________ 3 Systematic paleontology._____-_______-____-_-_-----_ 9 Early Cambrian faunules.________ 4 Summary of classification of Antarctic Early and Australaspis magnus faunule_ 4 Chorbusulina wilkesi faunule _ _ 5 Middle Cambrian trilobites. ___________________ 9 Chorbusulina subdita faunule _ _ 5 Agnostida__ _ _________-____-_--____-----__---_ 9 Early Middle Cambrian f aunules __ 5 Redlichiida. __-_--------------------------_---- 12 Xystridura mutilinia faunule- _ 5 Corynexochida._________--________-_-_---_----_ -
An Appraisal of the Great Basin Middle Cambrian Trilobites Described Before 1900
An Appraisal of the Great Basin Middle Cambrian Trilobites Described Before 1900 By ALLISON R. PALMER A SHORTER CONTRIBUTION TO GENERAL GEOLOGY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 264-D Of the 2ty species described prior to I(?OO, 2/ are redescribed and 2C} refigured, and a new name is proposedfor I species UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1954 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Douglas McKay, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY W. E. Wrather, Director For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office Washington 25, D. C. - Price $1 (paper cover) CONTENTS Page Abstract..__________________________________ 55 Introduction ________________________________ 55 Original and present taxonomic names of species. 57 Stratigraphic distribution of species ____________ 57 Collection localities._________________________ 58 Systematic descriptions.______________________ 59 Literature cited____________________________ 82 Index __-_-__-__---_--______________________ 85 ILLUSTRATIONS [Plates 13-17 follow page 86] PLATE 13. Agnostidae and Dolichometopidae 14. Dorypygidae 15. Oryctocephalidae, Dorypygidae, Zacanthoididae, and Ptychoparioidea 16. Ptychoparioidea 17. Ptychoparioidea FIGUBE 3. Index map showing collecting localities____________________________ . Page 56 in A SHORTER CONTRIBUTION TO GENERAL GEOLOGY AN APPRAISAL OF THE GREAT BASIN MIDDLE CAMBRIAN TRILOBITES DESCRIBED BEFORE 1900 By ALLISON R. PALMER ABSTRACT the species and changes in their generic assignments All 29 species of Middle Cambrian trilobites -
Arthropod Pattern Theory and Cambrian Trilobites
Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde, 64 (4) 193-213 (1995) SPB Academie Publishing bv, The Hague Arthropod pattern theory and Cambrian trilobites Frederick A. Sundberg Research Associate, Invertebrate Paleontology Section, Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, California 90007, USA Keywords: Arthropod pattern theory, Cambrian, trilobites, segment distributions 4 Abstract ou 6). La limite thorax/pygidium se trouve généralementau niveau du node 2 (duplomères 11—13) et du node 3 (duplomères les les 18—20) pour Corynexochides et respectivement pour Pty- An analysis of duplomere (= segment) distribution within the chopariides.Cette limite se trouve dans le champ 4 (duplomères cephalon,thorax, and pygidium of Cambrian trilobites was un- 21—n) dans le cas des Olenellides et des Redlichiides. L’extrémité dertaken to determine if the Arthropod Pattern Theory (APT) du corps se trouve généralementau niveau du node 3 chez les proposed by Schram & Emerson (1991) applies to Cambrian Corynexochides, et au niveau du champ 4 chez les Olenellides, trilobites. The boundary of the cephalon/thorax occurs within les Redlichiides et les Ptychopariides. D’autre part, les épines 1 4 the predicted duplomerenode (duplomeres or 6). The bound- macropleurales, qui pourraient indiquer l’emplacement des ary between the thorax and pygidium generally occurs within gonopores ou de l’anus, sont généralementsituées au niveau des node 2 (duplomeres 11—13) and node 3 (duplomeres 18—20) for duplomères pronostiqués. La limite prothorax/opisthothorax corynexochids and ptychopariids, respectively. This boundary des Olenellides est située dans le node 3 ou près de celui-ci. Ces occurs within field 4 (duplomeres21—n) for olenellids and red- résultats indiquent que nombre et distribution des duplomères lichiids. -
Name-Bearing Fossil Type Specimens and Taxa Named from National Park Service Areas
Sullivan, R.M. and Lucas, S.G., eds., 2016, Fossil Record 5. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 73. 277 NAME-BEARING FOSSIL TYPE SPECIMENS AND TAXA NAMED FROM NATIONAL PARK SERVICE AREAS JUSTIN S. TWEET1, VINCENT L. SANTUCCI2 and H. GREGORY MCDONALD3 1Tweet Paleo-Consulting, 9149 79th Street S., Cottage Grove, MN 55016, -email: [email protected]; 2National Park Service, Geologic Resources Division, 1201 Eye Street, NW, Washington, D.C. 20005, -email: [email protected]; 3Bureau of Land Management, Utah State Office, 440 West 200 South, Suite 500, Salt Lake City, UT 84101: -email: [email protected] Abstract—More than 4850 species, subspecies, and varieties of fossil organisms have been named from specimens found within or potentially within National Park System area boundaries as of the date of this publication. These plants, invertebrates, vertebrates, ichnotaxa, and microfossils represent a diverse collection of organisms in terms of taxonomy, geologic time, and geographic distribution. In terms of the history of American paleontology, the type specimens found within NPS-managed lands, both historically and contemporary, reflect the birth and growth of the science of paleontology in the United States, with many eminent paleontologists among the contributors. Name-bearing type specimens, whether recovered before or after the establishment of a given park, are a notable component of paleontological resources and their documentation is a critical part of the NPS strategy for their management. In this article, name-bearing type specimens of fossil taxa are documented in association with at least 71 NPS administered areas and one former monument, now abolished. -
Arthropod Pattern Theory and Cambrian Trilobites
Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde, 64 (4) 193-213 (1995) SPB Academie Publishing bv, The Hague Arthropod pattern theory and Cambrian trilobites Frederick A. Sundberg Research Associate, Invertebrate Paleontology Section, Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, California 90007, USA Keywords: Arthropod pattern theory, Cambrian, trilobites, segment distributions 4 Abstract ou 6). La limite thorax/pygidium se trouve généralementau niveau du node 2 (duplomères 11—13) et du node 3 (duplomères les les 18—20) pour Corynexochides et respectivement pour Pty- An analysis of duplomere (= segment) distribution within the chopariides.Cette limite se trouve dans le champ 4 (duplomères cephalon,thorax, and pygidium of Cambrian trilobites was un- 21—n) dans le cas des Olenellides et des Redlichiides. L’extrémité dertaken to determine if the Arthropod Pattern Theory (APT) du corps se trouve généralementau niveau du node 3 chez les proposed by Schram & Emerson (1991) applies to Cambrian Corynexochides, et au niveau du champ 4 chez les Olenellides, trilobites. The boundary of the cephalon/thorax occurs within les Redlichiides et les Ptychopariides. D’autre part, les épines 1 4 the predicted duplomerenode (duplomeres or 6). The bound- macropleurales, qui pourraient indiquer l’emplacement des ary between the thorax and pygidium generally occurs within gonopores ou de l’anus, sont généralementsituées au niveau des node 2 (duplomeres 11—13) and node 3 (duplomeres 18—20) for duplomères pronostiqués. La limite prothorax/opisthothorax corynexochids and ptychopariids, respectively. This boundary des Olenellides est située dans le node 3 ou près de celui-ci. Ces occurs within field 4 (duplomeres21—n) for olenellids and red- résultats indiquent que nombre et distribution des duplomères lichiids. -
Minerals and Fossils and to Find Some of the Treasures in the Museum!
Rockin’ Scavenger Hunt Virginia Tech Museum of Geosciences This scavenger hunt is designed for you to discover some things about minerals and fossils and to find some of the treasures in the Museum! Your mission: Working with your team, find the answers to as many of the following questions as possible, without copying answers from any other teams. You may begin at the top of any page. Your teacher will advise you on which page to start, and you should complete a page before moving on to another page. Tip: Follow the directions given to each location. "Right," "left," "front" and "back" refer to those locations from the door of the museum where you came in. (Answers are in blue. S numbers are case numbers.) Minerals____________________ I. Take a look at some of our “show” minerals at these locations: -- Don Dalton collection at center right wall -- MVT Deposit Minerals at front left corner wall -- case at museum center with “Emerald” label at front 1. Choose two favorites. Write down the name of each mineral, and describe what it looks like (for example: shiny, dull, blocky, rounded, flat, bumpy, how many sides, what color, etc.) See if you can describe each sample well enough that a classmate could find the exact thing you are looking at! a. example - emerald – green with parallel lines, huge crystal b. _______________________ 2. Look at the Minerals of Virginia displays at the right wall toward the back. a. Name a mineral mined in Virginia and the location or quarry where it was found. example - tourmaline, Powhatan County b. -
Stratigraphic Revision of Upper Miocene and Lower Pliocene Beds of the Chesapeake Group, Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain
Stratigraphic Revision of Upper Miocene and Lower Pliocene Beds of the Chesapeake Group, Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 1482-D Stratigraphic Revision of Upper Miocene and Lower Pliocene Beds of the Chesapeake Group, Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain By LAUCK W. WARD and BLAKE W. BLACKWELDER CONTRIBUTIONS TO STRATIGRAPHY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 1482-D UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON: 198.0 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR CECIL D. ANDRUS, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY H. William Menard Director Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Ward, Lauck W Stratigraphic revision of upper Miocene and lower Pliocene beds of the Chesapeake group-middle Atlantic Coastal Plain. (Contributions to stratigraphy) (Geological Survey bulletin ; 1482-D) Bibliography: p. Supt. of Docs. no. : I 19.3:1482-D 1. Geology, Stratigraphic-Miocene. 2. Geology, Stratigraphic-Pliocene. 3. Geology- Middle Atlantic States. I. Blackwelder, Blake W., joint author. II. Title. III. Series. IV. Series: United States. Geological Survey. Bulletin ; 1482-D. QE694.W37 551.7'87'0975 80-607052 For sale by Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 CONTENTS Page Abstract __ Dl Introduction 1 Acknowledgments ____________________________ 4 Discussion ____________________________________ 4 Chronology of depositional events ______________________ 7 Miocene Series _________________________________ g Eastover Formation ___________________________ 8 Definition and description ___________________ -
A Cambrian Meraspid Cluster: Evidence of Trilobite Egg Deposition in a Nest Site
PALAIOS, 2019, v. 34, 254–260 Research Article DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2110/palo.2018.102 A CAMBRIAN MERASPID CLUSTER: EVIDENCE OF TRILOBITE EGG DEPOSITION IN A NEST SITE 1 2 DAVID R. SCHWIMMER AND WILLIAM M. MONTANTE 1Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Columbus State University, Columbus, Georgia 31907-5645, USA 2Tellus Science Museum, 100 Tellus Drive, Cartersville, Georgia, 30120 USA email: [email protected] ABSTRACT: Recent evidence confirms that trilobites were oviparous; however, their subsequent embryonic development has not been determined. A ~ 6cm2 claystone specimen from the upper Cambrian (Paibian) Conasauga Formation in western Georgia contains a cluster of .100 meraspid trilobites, many complete with librigenae. The juvenile trilobites, identified as Aphelaspis sp., are mostly 1.5 to 2.0 mm total length and co-occur in multiple axial orientations on a single bedding plane. This observation, together with the attached free cheeks, indicates that the association is not a result of current sorting. The majority of juveniles with determinable thoracic segment counts are of meraspid degree 5, suggesting that they hatched penecontemporaneously following a single egg deposition event. Additionally, they are tightly assembled, with a few strays, suggesting that the larvae either remained on the egg deposition site or selectively reassembled as affiliative, feeding, or protective behavior. Gregarious behavior by trilobites (‘‘trilobite clusters’’) has been reported frequently, but previously encompassed only holaspid adults or mixed-age assemblages. This is the first report of juvenile trilobite clustering and one of the few reported clusters involving Cambrian trilobites. Numerous explanations for trilobite clustering behavior have been posited; here it is proposed that larval clustering follows egg deposition at a nest site, and that larval aggregation may be a homing response to their nest. -
From Microfossils to Megafauna: an Overview of the Taxonomic Diversity of National Park Service Fossils
Lucas, S. G., Hunt, A. P. & Lichtig, A. J., 2021, Fossil Record 7. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 82. 437 FROM MICROFOSSILS TO MEGAFAUNA: AN OVERVIEW OF THE TAXONOMIC DIVERSITY OF NATIONAL PARK SERVICE FOSSILS JUSTIN S. TWEET1 and VINCENT L. SANTUCCI2 1National Park Service, 9149 79th Street S., Cottage Grove, MN, 55016, [email protected]; 2National Park Service, Geologic Resources Division, 1849 “C” Street, NW, Washington, D.C. 20240, [email protected] Abstract—The vast taxonomic breadth of the National Park Service (NPS)’s fossil record has never been systematically examined until now. Paleontological resources have been documented within 277 NPS units and affiliated areas as of the date of submission of this publication (Summer 2020). The paleontological records of these units include fossils from dozens of high-level taxonomic divisions of plants, invertebrates, and vertebrates, as well as many types of ichnofossils and microfossils. Using data and archives developed for the NPS Paleontology Synthesis Project (PSP) that began in 2012, it is possible to examine and depict the broad taxonomic diversity of these paleontological resources. The breadth of the NPS fossil record ranges from Proterozoic microfossils and stromatolites to Quaternary plants, mollusks, and mammals. The most diverse taxonomic records have been found in parks in the western United States and Alaska, which are generally recognized for their long geologic records. Conifers, angiosperms, corals, brachiopods, bivalves, gastropods, artiodactyls, invertebrate burrows, and foraminiferans are among the most frequently reported fossil groups. Small to microscopic fossils such as pollen, spores, the bones of small vertebrates, and the tests of marine plankton are underrepresented because of their size and the specialized equipment and techniques needed to study them.