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Lincoln's Inn Fields and the Localities Adjacent mcoQvsjif^ %# Sdf #*• %* : 4# «v# OT?2^ ^/r THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES r LINCOLN'S INN FIELDS AND ENVIRONS gl'jaiaka'iaaaioiHHtl LINCOLN'S INN HALL (NEW). : LINCOLN'S INN FIELDS THE LOCALITIES ADJACENT: THEIR HISTORICAL AND TOPOGRAPHICAL ASSOCIATIONS. CHARLES WILLIAM HECKETHORN, Al THOR OF * SrCHET SOCIETIES,' ' KOIIA D'iTALIA,' FTC. WITH ILLUSTRJTIOKS BT ALFRED BE.-H'ER AND OTHER JRTISTS. LONDON ELLIOr STOCK, 62, PATERNOSri-R ROW, E.C. 1896. — ^7 W^5 CHIEF AUTHORITIES CONSULTED. {T/'ose marked ' are in the Author's library.) *Allen, Thos. — 'History and Antiquities of London.' Illustrated. 5 vols., 1839, 8vo. Archer, John Wvkeham. —'Vestiges of Old London.' London, 1851, fol. '' Atl^eiireum. London. From commencement to present date, 1 830-1 893, /<?///>/, 410. •Bl.-^nch, W. H.—'Ye Parish of Camcrwcll.' Plates. London, 1877, 8vo. *Bi.oTT, W. —'A Chronicle of Blemundsbury.' London, 1S92, 410. •Bohn's 'Pictorial Handbook of London.' 1854, 8vo. "Braylev, Brewer and Nichtincale.—'A Topographical and Historical Description of London and Middlesex.'— Plates. 5 vols. London, 1815. 'Brayley, E. a. ' Londiniana.' Plates. 4 vols. London, 8vo. Bug, Sir George. — 'The Third Universitie of England.' London, 161 y 'Builder. London.— From commencement to present date. Passim. Clinch, George. ' Bloomsbury and St. Giles.' London, 1890. 'Cunningham, Peter. — 'Handbook of London.' London, 1850. Delaune, Thos. — 'The Present State of London.' London, 1681, Izmo. — Parish of St. Danes.' 2 vols. 1868 and 'DiPROSE, J. 'Some Account of the Clement 1876, small 4to. •DoBiE, R. 'History of the United Parishes of St. Gilcs-in-the-Fields and St. George, Blooms- bury.' London, 1829, Svo. 'European Magazine. Passim. — Correspondence.' vols. London, Svo. Evelyn, J. E. 'Diary and 4 1850-52, 'Gentleman's Magazine.— From commencement to present date. Passim. Harrison, Walter. ' A New and Complete Survey and History of the Cities of London and Westminster, etc'— Plates. London, 1775, fol. "Harrison, Wilmot.— ' Memorable London Houses.' London, 1889. "HATroN, E. 'New— \'ievv of London.' 2 vols. London, 1708-22, Svo. Herbert, Thos— 'A Description of the Antiquities at Wilton House.' 1769, 410. "HucHSON, D. ' Accurate History and Description of the British Metropolis.' Plates. 6 vols. London,—I 806, Svo. 'Hutton, L. ' Literary Landmarks ot London.' London, 1885, Svo. 'Knight, C— ' London.' 6 vols. London. ')680a2 viii Chief Authorities Consulted "Kelly's 'Visitor's Handbook to the Metropolis.' London, 1871. 'Lane, Thos. —'The Student's Guide; being a Concise Account of Lincoln's Inn.' London, 1805 and 1823, 8\o. Langley. —'Life and .Adventures of Gilbert Langley.' London, 1740, 8vo. 'Larwood, ' J. — History of Signboards.' London, 1866, 8vo. 'LorriE, — W. J. ' History of London.' Maps and illustrations. 2 vols. London, 1883. ''London Interiors.' Plates. 2 vols. London, l84I,4to. 'Maitlanu, W.— History fol. —'The of London.' 2 vols. London, 1772, Malcolm, J. P. ' Anecdotes of the Manners and Customs of London during the Eighteenth Century.' —Illustrated. London, 1808, 4to. 'Malcolm, J. P. 'Anecdotes of the Manners and Customs of London from the Roman Invasion to the year 1700.' London, 1811, 4to. 'Maps ot London of various dates. 'Melmoth, Wm.—'The Great Importance of a Religious Life.' London, 1849. (This book contains much information relating to Lincoln's Inn.) "Monthly Magazine. From 1796 to 1824. Paaim. Newspapers of past— and present centuries. 'NooRTHOucK, J. ' A New History of London, including Westminster and Southwark.' Plates. London, 1773, 4to. Ncita and (juerifs. From commencement to present date. Pasiim. Palmer, C. F. R. —•' Friar Preachers, or Black Friars ot Holborn.' The Reliquary, vol. xviii. London, i860, 8vo. Paris, M.'\tth.'eus. —'English History from the year 1235-1273.' 2 vols. London, 1847, 8vo. ' Parliamentary —Reports.' Various. 'Pennant, Thos. ' History — and Antiquities of London.' 2 vols. London, 181 3. 'Pepys, Samuel.— ' Memoirs of. Comprising his Diary.' London, n.d. 'Pinks, W. ' History of Clerkenwell.' London, I small 4to. J. — 88 1, 'Sampson, H. —'A History of Advertising.' London, 1875, ^^'°- 'Smith, J. D. • The Streets of London.' London, 1849, 8vo. "Spectator. By .Addison,— Steele, etc. Passim. 'Spilsbury, W. H. 'Lincoln's Inn : its Ancient and Modern Buildings.' First edition, London, second edition, 1850 ; — London, 1873. Stow, John.— ' Survey of London.' London, 159S. Strype, ' Stow's Survey with vols., J.— Additions.' London, 1709-3:. 2 fol. *Timbs, J. ' Curiosities of London.' London, 1867. * 'The Romance of London.' 2 vols. London, n.d. * ' Walks and Talks about London.' London, 1865, 8vo. Times and contemporary journalism.— Passim. *Thornbury and Walford.— ' Old and New London.' Illustrated. 6 vols. London, 1874, 410. *Wakefield, Priscilla. ' Perambulations in London and its Environs.' Plates. London, 1824, 8vo. — Westgarth, Wm. ' Essays on the Street — Re-Alignment of Central London.' London, 1886, 8vo. Maps— and Plans. *Wheatley, H. B. ' London Past and Present.' Based on Cunningham's Handbook. 3 vols. London, 1891. LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. Lincoln's Inn Hall, New Fronlispiece Block Plan . xiii Ground Plan of Lincoln's Inn in 1805 5 Arms of Lincoln's Inn 10 Corner of Old Buildings 14 Old Gatehouse Court - IS Chapel, hefore Addition 18 Old Roof of Chapel - - 24 Chapel Enlar(;eii - 25 Bishop - . - . Heber - 26 AiMiiULAToRv, Lincoln's Chapel - Inn - 27 Lincoln's Inn Gardens - 30 Hall, Old Lincoln's Inn 31 Old Hall, Interior 32 Corner of Vice-Chancellor's Court - 34 Lincoln's Inn Gateway - 35 Lincoln's Inn Old Buildings - - 39 New Hall, Lincoln's Inn 40 Lihrarv, East End - 46 Lincoln's Inn Gateway to Fields - 47 Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1658 - - 49 New Sijuare in 1720 50 - New Square Gateway 5' Chancery Lane in 1808 62 Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1560- - 66 circa 1600- - 67 IN 1658 - 68 CIRCA 1780- - 77 Doorway in Erskine HOUSE - 79 Surgeons' Hall, Old Bailey - 80 College of Surgeons in 1830 82 IN 1895 87 1 List of Illustrations Archway in Lincoln's Inn Fields -.-.-. - 88 LiNDSEv House ......... c)q Newcastle House ......... ,^2 Lincoln's Inn Fields - ' - - - - - 99 Lincoln's Inn Fields in i88o - - - - - - - - loi Lincoln's Inn Fields according to Inigo Jones's Scheme - - . ici Entrance to New Court Chambers - - - - - - - io6 . Mantelpiece and Mirror from Carey Street - . 107 Carved Doorway from Carey Street - - - - - - 108 South Entrance to New Bankruptcy Court - - . 109 Clare Market - - - - - - - - 1 1 Craven House - - - - - • - 112 - Queen of Bohemia Public-house - - - - - ".> Colonnade, Clare Market - - - - - - - - '23 Anchor of Clement's Inn - - - - - - - -125 St. Clement's Inn Hall - - - - - - - 125 Sundial formerly in St. Clement's Inn Garden - - - - 127 St. Clement's Old Vestry Hall - - - - - - - 128 Old Bulk-Shop, Gilisert Passage - - - - - - - 131 Old Houses in St. Clement's Lane - ----- - 132 Old Wooden House in St. Clement's Lane- - - - - - "33 DiPROSE and B.^te.man's Printing Offices - - - - - -134 - Enon Chapel, Interior - - • - - - - '35 Ruins of Theaire in Bear Yard - - - - - - - 138 The Black Jack .----..-. 1^2 The Georc;e the Fourth ---.-..- 1^3 The Old Curiosity Shop -------- j^^ Old St. Clement's Bukial Ground ------- 146 King's College Hospital - - - - - - - - 149 The Duke's Theatre - - - - - - - - - 'S' Medal in Commemoration of the Destruction of Sardinia Chapel - -170 - Lincoln's Inn Fields in 1829 - - - - - - - 171 Old Houses in Great Queen Street - - - • - - 172 Sir Robert Strange's House - - - - - - - - i75 - - - - - - Freemasons' Tavern in i 811 - -179 Old Masonic Temple - - - - - - - - - 182 Mark Masons' Hall - - - - - - - - - 183 Wesleyan Chapel in Great Queen Street ------ 184 Map of Spencer's Lond - - - - - - - - 192 Sir John Soane's House - - - - - - - - '94 Portico of Inns of Court Hotel - - - - - - -197 Hall in Inns of Court Hotel - - - - - - - 198 - Lord Craven on Horseback - - - • - - - 213 Hutts', the Booksellers', Shops - - - - - - - 217 PREFACE. INCOLN'S INN FIELDS is the topographical centre of London ; London, as will be seen by a glance at any map of the world, is the centre of the terrestrial. half of the globe (to which fact is due its being the commercial emporium of the world) ; hence Lincoln's Inn Fields is the very centre of all the land of this earth. Such a spot, surely, deserves a history and a descrip- tion all to itself, and such I have attempted to give in the followin^r pages. But not a dry-as-dust history, nor a description overladen with technical details, which can interest the specialist only, but a book which, whilst it satisfies the student, should give a popular account of the locality in question, avoiding dulness on the one hand, and romancinn; on the other. Lincoln's Inn Fields, with the areas surrounding it, and included in our plan, form an epitome of English culture, knowledge and achievement. All the learned professions are represented : Theology, in its orthodox character, stands forth in Lincoln's Inn Chapel ; Roman Catholicism has its home in Sardinia Chapel ; Dissent in the Wesleyan Chapel in Great Oueen Street ; Medical Science is nobly lodged in the College of Surgeons and King's College Hospital ; the Law has here some of its grandest temples, and hundreds of its followers cluster around it in offices and chambers ; Art displays one of its finest collections in the Soane Museum ; Music and singing may be heard to perfection in Lincoln's Inn and the Sardinian Chapels ; Literature asserts itself in the splendid libraries collected in Lincoln's Inn, the College of Surgeons and the Soanc Museum, nor iiuist we omit to nKiitioii the ni, un booksellers, chiefly seconil-hand, who aftect this neighbourhood ; l''reemasoni-\- hei-c has its most b xii Preface gorgeous habitation ; the greatest triumph of modern science and industry may in Station proofs ot all- be witnessed the Sardinia Street Klectric Lighting ; embracing charity are to be found scattered over the whole district in schools and benevolent institutions. And whilst the present of Lincoln's Inn Fields and their environs is thus full of interest, their historical associations invest them with an importance second to few localities in London.
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