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GORDON COUNTY 101 Electronic Copyright 2005 -" PUBLIC SCHOOLS of GORDON

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GORDON COUNTY 101 Electronic Copyright 2005 - ...-. www.gagenweb.org GORDON COUNTY 101 Electronic Copyright 2005 -" PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF GORDON COUNTY I I BY W, L. SWAIN As early as 1852, a tax known as the "poor school tax," was levied by county authorities on all property in Gor- don County. The ordinary of the county was under bond as the custodian of this fund, and through him it was dis- tributed to the teachers in whose schools poor children were enrolled. This fund was small, probably not amount- ing to more than four or five hundred dollars for the en- tire county. So far as exitsting records show, the public school sys- tem of Gordon County dates from 1873 with Henry C. Hunt first superintendent. The county received at that time $2,114.99 as its quota from the $250,000 apportioned for maintenance of schools in Georgia. By 1875, this sum had dwindled to $1,136.79. Gustavus J. Orr was state school commissioner. On July 3,1877, Capt. W. M. Dyer succeeded Mr. Hunt as school commissioner for the county and J. M. Harlan+ N. J. Boaz, and W. R. Rankin, Sr., were chosen members of the Board of Education. The county was divided into thirteen school districts. The boundaries of these districts are the same as the mili- tia districts of the county except that the town of Calhoun was incorporated in a separate school unit. School trustees of the several districts of the county were appointed as follows: District 1,057, John Smith, Milton Watts, Jasper Alshworth ; District 874, J. H. Starr, E. Strickland, H. G. Finley; District 1,056, W. W. Camp- bell, J. B. Boyd, R. A. Donaldson; District 1,064, J. B. Gordon, C. W. Cplpepper, H. W. Hunter; District 856, B. ID. Clark, A. Abbott, W. S. Walker; District 1,054, J. N. Wright, John Warren, H. G. Haynes; District 980, J. W: Boston, J. A. Johnson, J. A. Fite ; District 1,063, J. A. Harden, Byrd Wilsop, I. M. Fite; District 973, R. H. ,Ne&- bitt, W. B. Harris, Dr. W. R. Harbin; District 1,235, John Nksbitt, Z. F. Wilson, C. J. Wright; District 849, D. W. HISTORY OF GQRDON COUNTY www.gagenweb.org Electronic Copyright 2005 Neel, J. B. Hillhouse, P. M. Craig; District 1,055, H. H. Weber, J. H. Dodd, J. W. Swain; District 849 (Town of Calhoun), J. D. Tinsley, A. Roff, J. H. Malone. The county school commi~s~sio~nerat this time wals au- khorized under the law to prepare and give examinations to the' applicants fsor teaching positions in the county. Those taking the examination and qualifying for teaching positi'ons were: H. T. Lyles, E. 0. Wright, R. L. Marsh, J. F. Marsh, Elam Culpepper, Warner Culpepper, L. W. wyatt, T. C. Owen, W. S. Beck, 0. N. Starr, J. W. Swain, J. S. Hillhouse, Sally Young, Jamels Cochran, J. L. Cham- pion, W. T. Inlow. The colored teachers were I. B. Scott, dames Roran, James Brittain, James Hillsen, and Jose- -phine Taylor. The foregoing lilst comprises the names of those who had charge'of the public ~s~choolsof the county under the new organization. Schools opened on July 23, and were continued for three months. The enrollment was 1,098 white children and 216 colored children. The aggregate amount paid to the teachers from the public funds for the year was $2,- 496.12, being $1.90 for each pupil enrolled. The county school commissioner received for his ,services for the en- tire year $147.90, his pay being based on $3.00 per day for actual service rendered. The following text books were in use in the schools at this time and were. adopted for a period of five years: Webster's Spelling Book, Appleton's Readers through the fifth grade, Sanford's Arithmetic, Quackenbos's Series of English, A,ppleton's Writing Books. 1881, W. M. Dyer, School Commissioner, removed from the county and J. H. Malone was elected his succes- sor. He served until April, 1889, when he tendered his resignation and W. J. McDaniel was elected to succeed him. During these years the average' attendance had grown to 2,010 and the public school fund wals increased to $4,000. The first permanent state teachers' licenses to be issued to the teaehers of the county were granted to W. b. Dyer, W. F. Dickey, Mrs. E. A. Hill, and Miss Mamie Pith. - GORDONCOUNTY 103 www.gagenweb.org Electronic Copyright 2005 LIBERTY CONSOLIDATED' SC'HOOL SUGAR VALLEY C0NB:OLIDATED SCHOOL. ' 104www.gagenweb.org HISTORY OF GORDON COUNTY Electronic Copyright 2005 . In April, 1899, W. J. McDaniel after ten years of serv- ice as county school superintendent, resigned and W; P, Dodd was elected to succeed him. During the adminisba- tion of W. J. McDaniel the schools had grown from forty to sixty and the school funds from $4,000 to $13,000. The outstanding schools doing high school work in the county at this time were the Calhoun Normal College with five teachers, the Fairmount College with four teachers, and the Ryals High School at Sugar Valley with three teach- ers. The number of children in the county between the ages of six and eighteen were 4,087 white and 594 colored. The value of all school property of the county was listed . at $13,195. The total number .of illiterate children was given as 473 whites and 127 colored, making a total of 600. The length of the school term was five months, three months beginning in January and two months of summer school. The number of teachers in the county was eighty- seven. T'he salaries of teachers from public fund per month ranged from $15.00 to $40.00. This salary was supple- mented by patrons. W. P. Dodd, school commissioner, having resigned in October, 1902, J. G. B. Erwin, Jr., was elected to succeed him. The administration of Commksioner &win began in 1902 and ended in 1910. He was succeeded by Ernest Dil- lard. During Mr. Erwin's term of office the county was re- districted in accordance with the McMichael Law, whieh permitted school districts to submit the question of levy- ing local lschool tax to the voters upon petition to the or- dinary of one-fourth of the citizens of lany district. A two- thirds majority was required for establishing this tax in any district. Fairmount School District was the first dis- trict of the county to vote successfully local district tax. This was done in 1908, and in that year a levy of 33 1-3 eents on each one hundred dollars of valuation was made. At this time there were seventy teachers employed in the county schools. Three of these held state teachers* licenses ; twenty, first grade ; eighteen, second grade ; and www.gagenweb.org -GORDfiONCOUNTY 105 Electronic Copyright 2005 twenty-nine, third grade county licenses. The school cen- sus of 190-8listed 4,417 children between the ages of six and eighteen. he school enrollment for that Year was 2,912. The average daily attendance w'as 1,828. Sixty-six per cent of the number of children -shown by the census was enrolled in the schools and an average of sixty-three per cent of the enrollment Wafs in daily attendance. Fifteen schools of the county at this time were attempt- ing to give some kind of high school courses. One hundred five pupils were enrolled in these courses. Illiteracy was reduced during Mr. Erwin's administra- tion from 600 to 222. The value of all school buildings and equipment was given at $13,000. here' were twoo school libraries in the county containing three hundred volumes. There were fifty white schools and six colored schools. Teachelrs were paid on the salary basis according to the grade of license held. First grade teachers received $35.00; second grade, $30.00; and third grade, $22.50. Colored teachers were paid an average of $17.50 per month. The curriculum included reading, writing, arithmetic, spelling, English, geography, history, physiology, agricul- ture and civil government. This was a greatly enriched course of lstudy compared with that previously given. This administration set the policy of borrowing money to meet part of the payroll as it became due. Four to five thousand dollass were borrowed annually for this pur- pose. School fundts from the state approximated $14,000. Up to this time the tenth grade was the highest taught in .any of the schools in the county and by the close !of 1910 there were thirty-four pupils enrolled in this grade. The administration of Ernest -Dillard as County School 'Superintendent began January I, 1911. At this time there were sixty-two schoolls in operation, running for four and a half months. A: few of the above schools were operated by private subscription for a few additional months. One *ofthem was operated by local taxation for a term of nine months. www.gagenweb.org Electronic Copyright 2005 1'06 HISTORY OF GORDON COUNTY - ' Elarly in his administration the superintendent saw the great need for additionla1 school funds for the mainte- nance of better schools throughout the county as an aid in checking the movement of the better type of citizens from rural sectionlsto the towns and villages of the county for no other purpose than to seek better educational advan- tages for their children. One of his first acts was to spon- sor a movement for an election for county-wide taxation for public schools. The efforts proved futile lowing to a seeming lack of interest on the part lof trustees in securing sufficient signers to the pettbion to have the election called.
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