loma AUGUST, 1957

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&y\w PUBLISHED MONTHLY Published Monthly By The BY OKLAHOMA DEPARTMENT OF WILDLIFE CONSERVATION DEPARTMENT OF WILDLIFE Room 118, State Capitol CONSERVATION Oklahoma City, Oklahoma For Hunters, Fishermen, Trappers, Naturalists and Wildlife Conservationists. One dollar fifty cents per year Single copy 1 5 cents

Circulation, this issue 13,000 5TATE Second class mail privileges authorized at Oklahoma City, Okla.

JUANITA MAHAFFEY OKLAHOMA Editor TOM JESSEE MRS. LULA PROCTOR Staff Writer-Photographer Circulation Manager

0 Page ?acit€y 7ifr fo i&e Ttew *)dea& Know Your Department 3 The Ducks Return 4 ECHNIQUES IN WILDLIFE management, methods of hunting and When Oklahoma Lobos Prowled 6 fishing, and conservation beliefs change with the years. Sometimes, Tthough, it takes a long time to acquaint the public and make believers of Egrets 8 them, in some of the newer ways of doing. One of the purposes of this Dove Season to Open 10 magazine is to keep you informed along these lines. Deer Hunt Announced 11 For instance, we know today that we do not need to raise nearly Pluggin' For Junior (pictorial) 12-13 as many fish in hatcheries for continuous stocking of fishing waters; Woods Are Full of Robin Hoods 14 whereas, 25 years ago we regarded the producing and distributing of Madame Mosquito 16 millions of fingerling fish annually as one of our major accomplishments. The Silver Circle If the right environment is there in lake and stream for fish to propagate and raise families, they'll do a pretty thorough job of it, even to the (Lake Texoma Pictorial) 18-19 point of overpopulating in many instances. And if we've ruined our Fish Conservation Facts 21 waters with pollution, soil eroding into them, failure to take out the Letters to Editor 22 less desired "rough fish" in proportion to our harvesting of the favored Arrests for Jnue 23 "game fish", no amount of hatchery stocking is going to help.

VOL. XIII No. 8 Administrators have changed their minds, too, and with good reasoning, regarding the role of the "game warden", or ranger, as we COVER call him in our state. While game law enforcement remains important MR. GRASSHOPPER, popular August fish in our overall management of wildlife resources, it is believed that the bait . . . Photo by Leonard Rue. modern conservation officer should spend half or more of his work hours assisting in game and fishery management, public relations, youth education, and other miscellaneous services. And he should be educated and trained toward that end in these changing times. COMMISSIONERS Once it was a general belief that protracted closed seasons on a George Schultz, Medford Chairman species such as dove or quail would step up the populations to good- James W. McMahan, Okemah Vice-Chairman hunting status. This is not so, in the first place, if the habitat require­ Maurice Finktea, Warner Secretary ments are not present in the area involved. Furthermore, nature herself Louis Burtschi, Chickasha Member George L. Knapp, Jr., Tufsa „„. Member indicates an annual harvest by the hunter. Most birds killed by the Raymond Lucas, Howe Member hunter are young-of-the-year, research has proved. The modernists in Dan Tankersley, Oklahoma City Member conservation hold that nature exacts her toll by weather-predator-season­ I.A.W. Vincent, Arnett _ Member al (winter food scarcity) factors; so the hunter may as well claim a share each fall before these reapers take over. ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF This year a new concept of license requirements is taking hold in Clarence Burch Director conservation circles. Why have all the states for years required much Mutt Standefer Assistant Director higher hunting-fishing license fees of non-residents than they require of Alph Stanphill Game John King Fisheries the home folks? One agency high up in fisheries policy-setting advances O. L Curtis Federal-Aid a suggestion that no license fee at all should be assessed the non-resident Cloyse Bond .. .__„. information-Education if he possesses a fishing license from his home state. We hardly go along Claude Goin Enforcement with that idea, but we do like a new law just adopted in Texas which Cobie GambiU Office Manager places one fee on resident and non-resident fishermen alike. We believe Permission to reprint is granted provided proper there would be less cheating (ignoring of license requirements altogether, credit is given. Oklahoma pictures and contributions are welcome and will foe published when possible. or non-residents claiming residence) plus more people enjoying the sport Address communications to Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation, Oklahoma City, Okla. of fishing in our state, if a similar law were enacted in Oklahoma. And with probable increase in total revenue to the Department of Wildlife Conservation. So long as hunting and fishing continue to grow in popularity, so Member long as our national population maintains its upward climb, so long as of we want to keep our outdoor resources for present and all-time future International Council of Industrial Editors use and enjovment ... we must accept and uti'ize the new ideas, theories, discoveries and techniques as they evolve. Necessity is the mother of invention . . . J.M. to a retirement system for employees of the department, and establishment of a ranger training school. When plans are worked out and set in operation, the public will be inform­ ed. rf TfttottAlty THeteaye fa** CITIZEN ADVISORY COMMITTEE Clarence Burch, Director IN OUR FIRST message to the sportsmen and conservationists of Oklahoma Wildlife Conservation Oklahoma after taking office in June, we suggested that all wildlife organi­

.tm i IIIIIIIIIIII 11 mill i> mi MINI.Ill Mill zations select someone from their lo­ cal memberships to serve on an ad­ AN INVITATION year we hope the kill will be even visory committee to meet and consult periodically with the Oklahoma IT IS MY personal observation that higher. We will be spending approxi­ Wildlife Conservation officials to dis­ we should make every effort to keep mately $100,000 a year in the pro­ cuss our mutual problems. The first the public informed as to the opera­ pagation of deer, and with this a- of such meetings was held June 20 in tions and financial status of our de­ mount plus the full cooperation of the Blue Room at the State Capitol. partment at all times. Therefore, I land owners and sportsmen, we will Attendance and the straight forward extend an invitation to all news eventually be able to harvest at least thinking and speaking by those pre­ media, including newspapers, televis­ 5,000 deer annually. sent, were encouraging. We hope to ion, and radio, to attend our com­ have another of these public meetings mission meetings or any special meet­ To successfully carry forward this in September. If your group has not ings of the Wildlife Conservation De­ program we need additional revenue. yet made its selection of a member or partment. The commission meets the Increasing the deer hunting license members to represent it, why not do first Monday of each month in Room fee is a means toward that objective. this right away? 118, Capitol Building, Oklahoma I feel sure this increase will meet with City. The September meeting, how­ the approval of most hunters. ever, will be on Tuesday, the 3rd, since the first Monday is the Labor RANGER MEETINGS Day holiday. SOME RECOMMENDED CHANGES During the month of June we held regional ranger meetings at Chicka­ We not only invite the news med­ AMONG THE FIRST changes made, sha, McAlester, Pryor and Fairview, ia, but we extend an invitation to or recommended for early adoption in and it was our pleasure to meet per­ the public to discuss any mutual the Oklahoma Wildlife Conservation sonally these field men from all over problems with the commission on its Department since we began operation the state. The rangers are your prin­ regular meeting days. under the Constitutional Amendment cipal contact in your town and your in June are: (1) A central purchas­ county with the State Department of ing system whereby the department Wildlife Conservation. If you are not YOUR DEPARTMENT ON TV can buy in quantity and under com­ at present personally acquainted with THE OKLAHOMA Wildlife Con­ petitive bidding. This is contemplated your ranger, why not make it a point servation Department will appear on to save the department between $25,- to know him better? He'll welcome KETA-TV, Channel 13 in Norman, 000 and $40,000 annually. (2) your support and help through the Adoption of a visible license for Ok­ Oklahoma, on Monday evening from hunting seasons just ahead, and the lahoma hunters and fishermen. The 6:30 p.m. to 7:00 p.m., starting year around. August 5, 1957, and each Monday license is worn pinned to outer cloth­ evening thereafter through the months ing, encased in plastic, and might re­ quire only the addition of an annual of August and September. Tune in stamp to bring the license up to date and get better acquainted with your each year. Such a system, we believe, state's wildlife program. Changing Your would increase license revenue con­ siderably. Few people would take the Mailing Address? chance of fishing or hunting without WHY AN INCREASED DEER LICENSE? license when the law requires a YOUR DEPARTMENT of Wildlife visible license. At present more than Notify Oklahoma Game and Fish Conservation has decided this year to half the arrests made by rangers each News at once. Give both old increase the resident deer hunting year are for hunting and fishing with­ license fee from $3 to $5. Last year out license, which would indicate that and new addresses. nearly 2,000 deer were taken during many people do, at present, take this the hunting season in our state. This chance. (3) Attention is being given

Page 3 DUCKS OVER GROVE PORT, Grand Lake, were photographed The last (all by Orrick Sparlin, Miami. Ducks Return BY WILLIAM H. WALSH

HE DODO couldn't fly and it got its name from the ment of wildfowl breeding grounds in both the United T Portuguese "doudo" which means silly. This com­ States and Canada. Efforts to gain government financing bination of deficiencies—physical and mental—may have failed, but in 1934 Congress passed the "Duck Stamp had something to do with the fact that "dead as a dodo" Act" under which sportsmen were required to pay a one has become a familiar expression . . . there is no dodo to dollar special fee to hunt waterfowl. This raised a fund be found anywhere today. The passenger pigeon, however, of $20,000,000 for the United States Biological Survey could fly beautifully, and it wasn't silly, but the passenger to use in its program of wildlife restoration. pigeon is also extinct. In addition, protection for the waterfowl was given The last of the heath hens was seen years ago in through shortening the hunting season, reducing bag Massachusetts, The egret was headed for extinction until limits, outlawing dawn and dusk shooting, and the use the law stepped in to protect it against slaughter. The of live decoys and baiting, and by placing many species of whooping crane population is down to one small, care­ ducks on the protected list. All this helped, but the duck fully-watched flock of a few birds . . . and the count population continued to diminish. One basic reason was shows there are fewer of them this year than last. that 70 per cent of the prospective duck population died Years ago our fathers looked up in wonder as awe­ on major breeding grounds which for the most part were some clouds of ducks made their way, spring and fall, located in the prairie provinces of Canada. along the north-south migration flyways of North Ameri­ Realizing this, American sportsmen decided to extend ca. A normal year would find 200,000,000 of these birds their program to encompass Canada, and there came into in flight. There were so many that nobody thought that being an organization known as Ducks Unlimited. Within some day the duck might face extinction also. So had our 10 days of its formation in 1937, this organization had fathers' fathers thought also of the buffalo. a major restoration project under way. Then, year by year, the clouds in the flyways thin­ This project was concerned with Big Marsh Grass, ned ... by millions. Guns were responsible for only a about 100 miles north of Winnipeg, originally an area of part of it. Drought and flood took their toll. Crows, mag­ 104,000 acres of marsh and water which had served as a pies, jackfish, coyotes, mink, skunks and other predators great nesting place for ducks and geese. Early in the century all played a part in the tragic process. Worst of all, how­ an American syndicate spent about $7,000,000 draining ever, was the loss of many breeding marshes and the this region, after which it sold the land to settlers. These, pollution of others. As the 1930's approached, the duck in turn, proceeded to abandon it as unsuitable for agricul­ population dropped to an estimated 30,000,000. And ture, and the area reverted to the government for unpaid there was good reason for the growing alarm of sportsmen taxes. and lovers of nature. Some people believed that little or Ducks Unlimited made arrangements with local nothing could be done to stop, let alone reverse, this municipalities under a 20-year lease, to construct dams and trend toward extinction. Joseph P. Knapp did not agree. spread water over 50,000 acres with a shore line of more In 1929, long before the general public became aware of than 40 miles. This flooding not only improved an area the waterfowl crisis, Mr. Knapp enlisted the aid of other for the use of ducks, but it brought about a muskrat pro­ business leaders and sportsmen in forming the More Game duction large enough to warrant the appointment by the Birds in America Foundation. This organization employ­ local government of a full-time manager to supervise the ed 2,000 biologists and field observers to take an interna­ muskrat business. Having retained the fur rights, this tional duck census. meant substantial income for the government. Making use of its findings, the Foundation sponsored Since this first undertaking, Ducks Unlimited has a program calling for the restoration and proper manage­ created 400 "duck factories" in Manitoba, Saskatchewan

Page 4 and Alberta. An important part of the program has been control of the serious duck disease known as botu­ lism, and a vigorous predator control, with the assistance of Canadian sportsmen's leagues and the provincial government, aimed particularly a- gainst crows and magpies which feed on eggs of the wild duck. Another important phase of this new waterfowl program has been fire control. The huge Netley-Libau LAKES HAVE BEEN created in Canada by Ducks Unlimited, which constructed many miles of shoreline. Above, a dam under construction. Below, the flooded acres are now returning rich marshes at the south end of Lake dividends not only in the multiplication of wildfowl, but in the increase of muskrat production, Winnipeg, nesting ground for thous­ revenues from which go to Canadian municipalities . . . Photo courtesy Cities Service Co. ands of ducks, is a valuable haying ground for settlers. To clear the way for new crops, these settlers were ac­ customed to burn over the marshes at a time when the ducks were nesting, causing the destruction of thousands of ducks and their nests. Now, with the full cooperation of the farmers, Ducks Unlimited supervises these burnings, at a time when they will not interfere with the.ducks, and their eggs or young. The shore line nesting area established up to now by countless thousands of ducklings. In addition, it has made Ducks Unlimited is in excess of 3,800 miles. It has cleared sportsmen throughout North America aware of the need hundreds of miles of fireguard lanes to prevent destructive for conserving wildlife resources. marsh fires; built hundreds of miles of barbed-wire fencing The organization dreams of 4,000 projects instead to protect nesting areas; banded 90,000 ducks and geese to of 400, for there is a great deal still to be done not only in assist in the flight study of migratory birds; constructed the United States and Canada, but in Mexico, Cuba, and over 600 dams to save and control water for ducks; main­ Central American countries where waterfowl winter. The tained and managed more than 600,000 acres of water task calls for the cooperation of the United States Fish and in the prairie provinces of Canada, and destroyed 5,000,- Wildlife Service, the Canadian Wildlife Service, the con­ 000 crows, magpies, and other predators, the killers of servation departments of all the states, and the aid of every sportsman and nature lover. Significantly, there are CANADA PROVIDES the major breeding grounds for ducks and about 2,000,000 duck hunters in this country, four times geese. These are Blue and Snow geese in spring migration at Warren, Manitoba . . . Photo courtesy Cities Service Company. (Concluded on page 7)

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WE AND FEAR of the wolf go from these epic battles are still told versity of Kansas writes that in A back into the mists of pre­ and are part of the heritage of the November, 1888, Brown, Hornaday history. The fierceness of the wolf West. Finally, as the plow replaced and Dyche took three adult wolves in is traditional. Let us read from the the spur, the wolf was forced into "No Man's Land", (Oklahoma Pan­ Book of Habakkuk: the wildest reaches of the continent. handle) . "For lo, I am rousing the Chaldeans, Such an animal—that has inspired Stanley P. Young, co-author of the that bitter and hasty nation, fear and awe in the heart of man since fact-packed book, The Wolves of who march through the breadth of before the dawn of history—is well North America, wrote December 1, the earth, worth knowing better. 1954 of the wolves from the Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge in Co­ to seize habitations not their own. As every wolf hunter knows, there Dread and terrible are they; manche County, "Regarding the are different kinds of wolves. In Ok­ plains wolf, Canis lupus nubitus, our their justice and dignity proceed lahoma there are (or were) three from themselves. records show two juveniles, a male kinds: the timber wolf, the red wolf, and female, taken July 4, 1906 by Their horses are swifter than leopards and the smaller plains wolf or coyote. more fierce than the evening Vernon Bailey, and one adult male The arguments that go on about the taken July 3, 1906 by A .S. Wells wolves; names and characteristics of these their horsemen press proudly on." and one female taken March 10 by doglike meat-eaters, are endless. The Frank Rush. It will be remembered Now that the timber wolf is either sketch by Wallace Hughes clearly that Vernon Bailey was one of the gone or nearly gone from Oklahoma, shows the main differences. General­ great field biologists of the U. S. why not stretch out in your easy ly speaking, the timber wolf is larger Biological Survey, a predecessor chair and reach back into the days of and heavier than the smaller red wolf agency of the U. S. Fish and Wildlife our forefathers, as they fought across and the even smaller coyote. How­ Service, and that Frank Rush was an the Great Southern Plains carving out ever, as red wolves doubtless inter­ early day supervisor on the Wichita the pioneer past of the great State of breed with coyotes, individuals are Mountains Wildlife Refuge when it Oklahoma? found that are difficult to identify. was a National Forest. Buffalo was King on the plains. Recently, a big animal weighing In his book, The Wilderness Hunt­ As the great southern herd, numbered 48 pounds was caught in Oklahoma. er, Theodore Roosevelt told of the in the millions, grazed on the endless It turned out to be a d— big coyote! great wolf hunter Jack Abernathy, grasslands north of the Red River, On the other hand, a small red wolf who used to run wolves down on the Indian and the wolf watched could weigh in close to the 30-pound horseback in the "Big Pasture" of from the sidelines. Both hungered for mark. But enough of this—shall we southwestern Oklahoma and then the same thing—buffalo—that their return to records of Oklahoma's great pick them up by their mouths! Presi­ kind would not want, but would gray wolves? dent Roosevelt stated that Abernathy prosper and multiply. The American Museum of Natural had once caught a wolf weighing 97 The greatest lobos, weighing more History in New York City contains pounds. Doubtless this was one of than a hundred pounds and crafty in three skulls of gray wolves taken in the far-ranging timber wolves of the the ways of their hunting, would Oklahoma. These were collected by rolling lands north of the Red. Of wait for the stragglers, attack a Jennes Richardson and Charles P. his famous April 1905 hunt with group, hamstring their prey, and Rowley in 1889 from the "Neutral Abernathy in the "Comanche Re­ fight over the bloody red meat. Strip", Indian Territory. Associate serve" out of Frederick, Roosevelt The buffalo passed and forced Curator George G. Goodwin also wrote, "On this hunt we did not see changes in the wild ways of the wrote that there is a wolf skull from any of the big wolves, the so-called plains hunters. The buffalo wolves "Beaver Creek", but the exact loca­ buffalo or timber wolves, which I became cattle killers. They had to— tion of this is difficult to pinpoint as hunted in the old days on the North­ or die. Cattlemen and longhorn cow there are several Beaver Creeks in ern Cattle plains. Big wolves are alike fought back—the puncher to northwestern Oklahoma and the Pan­ found in both Texas and Oklahoma, protect his livelihood, the cow to pro­ handle where the wolves were taken. but they are rare compared to the tect her calf. Tales that have survived Dr. E. Raymond Hall of the Uni­ coyotes and they are great wanderers."

Page 6 Readers of Oklahoma Game and fields, his blooded stock, and his the full moon rising over unplowed Fish News who wish to read further families. But the battle was not easy, vistas, they struck terror into the of the life of Jack Abernathy can arid all of us should remember the hearts of the hunted, just as their turn to his autobiography, "In Camp power of these night-prowling, fang- ancestors did in the Valley of the with Theodore Roosevelt or The Life toothed lobos of the plains. As they Euphrates more than two thousand of John R. (Jack) Abernathy". The threw back their heads and howled to years ago. tales he tells are great conversation pieces and well worth remembering. Another admirer of the courage and stamina of the gray wolf was the Oklahoma WOLVES THREE SPECIES OF WOLVES ARE HAT/VE TO OKLAHOMA, THEY late State Senator Gid Graham ( also ARE QD THE GRAY ot. TIMBER- WOLF CCfV lupus mblluf)WHICH VMS FORMERLY FOUHD THROU6HOUT THE STATE BUT IS NOW PROBABLY EXTINCT, (g) THE RED WOLF (CEIIS Hiker gredorvi) once a member of the Oklahoma WHICH IS IAITERMED/ATS/N SIZE BETWEEN THi (SRA-PrToLp AHD THE COYOTE, (g) AHD THE COYOTE Game and Fish Commission). In his It*. PRAIRIE WOLF (Sims Istl-Jts sohsc,.) WHICH IS THE /HOST COMMON WOLF book, Animal Outlaws, he spins true- M OKLAHOMA • to-life yarns of several famous gray wolves that roamed the Sooner State. His story of "Geronimo, Kiamichi Gray Wolf", which ranged near Broken Bow in McCurtain County, 'THE COYOTEa*JWOLF FEED OH SMALL MAMMALS. tells how he was brought in alive. BIRDS, REPTILES, INSECTS, VESFTABLE MATTER /tl SO-tOHr. SS-40/il. THE APPROPRIATION Female 6C-BO les. The oldtimers can go on and on. RAN OUT. LAR6E RED WOLVES BBU4L THE SIZE OK ARE LAALiER THAN SMALL

Page 7 Egrets . . . their beautiful plumage almost proved fatal

BY ORVILLE S. ALLARD

Several factors contributed to the heavy destruction of the Egrets at the hands of the plume hunters. One was that the birds wear their beauti­ ful plumes only during the breeding and nesting season. Killing the birds at that time not only stopped re­ production, but resulted in the young starving to death and eggs rotting in the nests. Other factors abetting their des­ truction were that the birds roost and nest in colonies. They are easily ap­ proached during the nesting season, despite the fact that they are a wary bird most of the year. These habits made mass-slaughter of the birds possible. The tragic damage that can be done an Egret colony was demonstrated near Oklahoma City three summers age when scores of Egrets were killed by a teen-aged boy who used the un­ suspecting birds for target practice. The wanton slaying of the birds SNOWY EGRET in nuptial plumage . . . U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service Photo by S. A. Grimes. created statewide consternation. Egrets are of world-wide distribu­ HERE'S A SAYING that "beauty during the mating season. It is at this tion, and in some countries they are T has its rewards", but for the time of year that nature causes long, still hunted for their feathers. In this long-legged wading birds known as loose plumes to grow from the backs country, the birds are now protected Egrets it has had its penalties, too. of both sexes. These plumes are by both federal and state law. It was the vanity of women and known as "aigrettes" or "ospreys", This protection was brought a- the greed of men that nearly brought and this plumage is referred to as the bout largely through the efforts of about annihilation of the Egrets, but breeding-dress of the Egrets. the National Audubon Society—an it also was men and women who In the early part of this century organization whose membership in­ cludes both men and women. Pro­ saved the birds from extinction. the Egret's lacy feathers caught the fancy of women and became fashion­ tection has resulted in a great increase Now, let's see how this came a- able on ladies' hats. This prompted in the number of Egrets, and Egret bout. At the same time let us review the millinery trade to pay plume colonies are again becoming establish­ briefly some of the habits of our hunters as much as $10 for the back ed in Oklahoma. friends, the Egrets. feathers from a single bird, and where Two kinds of Egrets are found in These graceful snow-white birds there's money, there are always men the Sooner state. They are the Snowy are in their most beautiful plumage who are willing to hunt for profit. Egret and the American Egret.

Page 8 Except for size, they are very much alike. Both are snowy white and both develop the long, loose plumes on their backs during the breeding sea­ son. In size, the American Egret is nearly three and one-half feet tall, whereas the Snowy is only about two feet high. The larger bird has a yellow bill and black feet and legs, while the smaller variety has a black bill and black legs, with yellow feet. And because of his yellow feet, the Snowy Egret is sometimes referred to as "the heron with the golden slippers." Then there is another physical dif­ ference. The Snowy has a crest of feathers on the nape of his neck, which is lacking in the American Egret. Still another difference is in the way they stand. The bigger bird appears to have a greater hook in his LONGER, MORE DEEPLY curved neck of the American Egret is clearly visible here as neck and a more hunched back. compared to that of the Snowy Egret on opposite page . . . Photo by Wallace Hughes. However, their diet and habits are An Egret nest is made largely of Their food includes all types of very much alike, except that the loose sticks. Sometimes the nests are aquatic animal life and rice farmers Snowy will often pursue a fish or so loosely constructed that you can of the southern states consider them frog in the water, whereas the larger see the eggs through the bottom. valuable allies because of their heavy variety (which feeds in deeper water) Egrets lay an average of four eggs, consumption of crayfish. is slower and more deliberate in his and the eggs are a pale blue color. The In years past fishermen considered feeding. eggs of the American Egret are about them a nuisance and pest because their Egrets are members of the Heron the size of goose eggs and hatch in diet includes fish. However, it is quite family and often are found in the 23 days, while the eggs of the Snowy possible that Egrets fill an important same swamp or rookery with other are about the size of domestic hen place in the new concept and philoso­ herons, like the Little Blue Herons or eggs and hatch in 18 days. phy of conservation. the Night Herons. Young Egrets remain in the nest And who knows? Maybe these Most of the Egrets that summer in from three to four weeks, or until stately, long-legged birds were created Oklahoma winter along the Gulf they are fully feathered. Then they to help balance fish populations, Coast and in Central America. They spend some time in the trees hopping making man-made corrective measures return to Oklahoma in April, travel­ from limb to limb before learning to ing in small flocks, and set up rooker­ fly. unnecessary. ies in clumps of trees. These rooker­ At the end of the nesting season At any rate, these beautiful, snow- ies may be found in swampy areas, or Egrets often wander about the coun­ white birds have great aesthetic value even some distance from the water try seeking new feeding areas, fre­ and make a definite contribution to where the birds feed. quently traveling farther north. the beauties of outdoor Oklahoma.

THE LARGER BIRDS in this Lake Overholser (Oklahoma City) killdeer can also be faintly seen at lower right near single Egret photograph are American Egrets, the smaller ones. Snowy Egrets. A Photo by Wallace Hughes.

•/...... Other dove hunting regulations are expected to conform to those of 1956 and other recent years. Shooting hours are one-half hour before sun­ rise to sunset daily. Bag limit is 10 doves per day, not more than 10 in possession at any time. Doves may be taken with shotguns or bow-and- arrow (No Rifles), and shotguns must be incapable of holding more than three shells, the magazine cut off or plugged with a one-piece metal or wooden filler incapable of removal without disassembling the gun so as Ofie9t4, Sefi,te*tt&ei J to reduce the capacity of said gun to not more than three shells at one time in magazine and chamber combined. A FIFTY-DAY hunting season on mourning dove, Shooting from, across or on any public road, high­ September 1 to October 20, inclusive, was recommended way, or railroad-right-of-way, is prohibited. Permission in early July by the Oklahoma Department of Wildlife of landowner or occupant must be obtained to hunt any Conservation. The season on these and other migratory occupied premises; and it is illegal to enter without owner's game birds is set annually by the U. S. Fish and Wildlife permission on unoccupied lands, if posted. Baiting of doves Service. Since the recommendation of the state department is prohibited as in former years. of wildlife conservation, within certain date brackets, is Oklahoma hunting license requirements for doves re­ usually accepted in Washington, there is little doubt but that the Oklahoma recommendations will be accepted. main the same as last year. Resident fee is $2; non-resident, $15 minimum, otherwise reciprocal. The Federal duck The state also asked for a 70-day hunting season on rails and gallinules, October 1 to December 9, inclusive, stamp is not required for dove hunting. and a 40-day season on woodcock, November 23-January Complete printed regulations for dove hunting are 1, inclusive. These species are hunted but rarely in Okla­ available from offices of the State Department of Wildlife homa. Conservation.

usually two eggs in a nest. The eggs hatch in two weeks DOVE CENSUS CONTINUES and in another two weeks the birds are flying. This persist­ The U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service is this summer ent nesting is accompanied by heavy mortality, however. conducting its second year of its five-year program of In 1956, North Dakota led the nation in the number banding nestling mourning doves. State game and fish of nestlings banded with 3,634. Louisiana was high in departments are giving valuable cooperation. Some 600 total nestlings and adults banded with 5,722 and Califor­ workers, most of them volunteers, are utilizing 750 "call nia was second with total bandings of 3,943. The mourn­ count routes" established by the Fish and Wildlife Service ing dove is found in every state in the Union. In 30 states in partnership with 44 states. Each route has 20 established the dove is rated as a game bird but in the others it is stations at which the calls of the nesting doves are counted not hunted. at specified morning hours. From these data an estimate of the year-to-year change in total dove population of the Nation is determined. This information is used in establish­ THE GREAT MIGRATIONS ing annual hunting regulations. "DAY AND NIGHT, from one end of the year to the Last year more than 1,500 volunteer workers took other, while we work or sleep or dream, even at the very part in the banding program and 45,000 doves, adults and moment when you read these lines, there ceaselessly recurs nestlings, were banded. The goal for the five-year period a mysterious planetary phenomenon, of which we are for is 200,000 nestlings banded. the most part unaware. Millions of living creatures are The mourning dove is America's most popular moving through the air and land and sea, just as they migratory game bird if hunting-take is any criterion. In have moved for hundreds of thousands of years, weaving 1956 an estimated 19 million mourning doves were legally around the globe a network of peregrinations, some of taken by hunters. Despite this heavy toll, careful analysis them six thousand miles long." of census results during the last five years indicates that the With this opening passage, George Blond, author of nationwide dove population is being maintained at a satis­ a new book "The Great Migrations", sets about the task factorily high level. In fact, Service officials believe that of dramatically describing the migrations of wild geese, there may be more mourning doves on the continent now herring, salmon, buffalo, locusts, and lemmings. than at any other time in history. The book, available from the Macmillan Company, The mourning dove is the only native game bird 60 Fifth Avenue, New York 11, New York, at $4, should which is multibrooded. Doves may nest five or six times provide interesting reading for persons interested in animals a year with an average of three successful broods. There are and the out-of-doors.

Page 10 LANNING YOUR VACATION during Oklahoma deer sea­ during archery season and another during gunning periods. P son this fall? The Department of Wildlife Conserva­ Deer taken must have antlers six inches long or longer, or tion has obliged with its earliest announcement (July 2) of a total of three prongs or more. deer hunting regulations, a full four and one-half months LICENSE FEES—Oklahoma residents must have 1957 before the season opens. state resident hunting license when applying for special With three exceptions the rules are much the same deer hunting permit. Separate licenses will be required for as last year. The changes: (1) Deer hunting license will gunners and archers. Permit fees for resident hunters are cost Oklahoma residents $5 instead of $3 as in the past; $5. Non-resident fee is reciprocal to that charged Okla­ (2) Hunters are given a choice of wearing red or yellow homans by applicant's home state, but in no case shall be head gear and upper outer garments in the field; (3) Cad­ less than $15. do County will be closed to deer hunting. LEGAL WEAPONS—Bows with a 40-pound pull or There will be 10 days of bow-hunting in two eastern more. Arrowheads of the broadhead type having a width Oklahoma areas, and three and four days of hunting with of not less than 7/8-inch and not less than 1}^-inches rifles and shotguns in 76 of the state's 77 counties. long. Shotguns 20-gauge or larger, firing a single slug. BOW AND ARROWS ONLY—November 15-24 inclus­ Any highpower rifle, except a 25-20, 32-20 or any of the ive, sunrise to sunset. Area # 1: Delaware and Mayes .22 calibers. Steel and hard point bullets are prohibited. counties, an area bounded by State Highway 33 on the HUNTING REPORTS—Hunters who kill a deer must south, State Highway 82 on the west and State Highway tag the animal immediately, and before leaving area must 20 on the north. Area #2: Cherokee, Muskogee and check their kill with nearest deer check station. Hunters Sequoyah Counties, an area bounded by State Highway will again report hunting success by use of a post card 10 on the west and south, the Illinois River and Lake Ten­ issued with permit. This card is to be mailed immediately killer on the east, and State Highway 82 and U. S. High­ after season closes. way 62 on the north. DOGS—Use of dogs in any manner in pursuit of deer RIFLES OR SHOTGUNS-—November 27-30 inclusive, is prohibited. sunrise to sunet. Southeast Oklahoma, counties of Atoka, Complete deer hunting regulations will be available Latimer, LeFlore, McCurtain, Pushmataha, and that por­ in printed leaflet form soon, and deer licenses will be tion of Pittsburg lying east of U. S. Highway 69, and available on or about October 1, at offices of the Oklahoma that portion of Haskell lying south of State Highway 31. Wildlife Conservation Department, State Capitol, Okla­ RIFLES OR SHOTGUNS—November 28-30 inclusive, homa City. License dealers over the state are expected to sunrise to sunset. Southeast Oklahoma, counties of Atoka, have licenses available soon thereafter. Cherokee and Adair counties south of U. S. Highway 62 from the Muskogee county line to Tahlequah, and south of State Highway 51 from Tahlequah to the Arkansas New Public Attendance Record Set state line in eastern Oklahoma, and Cimarron county in At Army Engineer Projects the panhandle. PUBLIC USE of recreational opportunities at civil SHOTGUNS ONLY—November 28-30 inclusive, sun­ works projects of the Army Corps of Engineers reached rise to sunset. Hunting with shotguns will be legal through­ an all-time high in the calendar year 1956, the Department out the state, with exception of Caddo County, state parks of the Army announced recently. and refuges, and certain game management areas. CLOSED AREAS—Spavinaw Hills, Cherokee, Push­ Attendance during the year totaled 71,340,000 com­ mataha, McCurtain, Atoka and Cookson Hills game pared with the previous record of 62,522,000 in 1955. refuges; Okmulgee, Stringtown and Choctaw game man­ The significant gain over recent years is shown by a com­ agement areas; Caddo county and all state parks. Choctaw parison with the 53,848,000 total for 1954, the 41,301,- until recently was officially known as the Ouachita Game 000 total for 1953, and the 16,000,000 total for 1950. Management Area, and comprises a 13,000-acre fenced The millions of Americans who made up the at­ game management area within the Ouachita National tendance at recreational areas resulting from Corps of Forest, LeFlore County. The Ouachita Forest outside the Engineers civil works projects engaged in such outdoor Choctaw game management area will be open to hunting.) activities as camping, picnicking, swimming, fishing, boat­ Cherokee Game Management Area, the north 16,000 acres ing, sailing, water skiing and hunting. adjoining the Cherokee Game Refuge, will be open to deer Continued progress was made in 1956 in enlisting hunting, but will be closed to all other hunting November state, county and municipal governmental agencies in de­ 28-30 inclusive. veloping and managing the recreational areas. The most BAG LIMITS—One buck deer per hunter during the extensive developments during 1956 in this regard were by 10-day archery season, and one buck deer per hunter dur­ the States of Oklahoma and West Virginia. Prospects ap­ ing the combined rifle and shotgun hunting periods. If pear good for similar action in 1957 by Texas, Arkansas, properly licensed for each hunt, hunter may bag one deer Florida, Georgia, Indiana and Kansas.

Page 1 1 \K8

COMMISSIONER BURTSCHI views tangible results of years oj p as hundreds of children go home with strings of fish (photb I PLUGGIN' for

THIS FISHING is s is better than none

MICHELLE CHAMBERS and Marilyn Joyner of Tulsa (above) arrive at Lake Yahola for recent Kids' Fishing Derby. PHOTO STORY BY TOM JESSEI

^PALES OF CATCHING oxygen-starved sunfish from yesterday's muddy farm pond just don't awe Oklahoma youngsters of to­ day. The kids are surrounded by hundreds of thousands of acres of fertile fishing waters. A bent pin and a length of butcher's twine might spell enchantment to the oldtimer, but the modern young angler is so busy catching eatin' size fish from Oklahoma's lakes that he wouldn't deign to use such a primitive contraption even for a stringer.

Fishing has become a leading outdoor sport in our state during the past few years. Any youngster over six years old is likely to be an accomplished angler who is always ready to speed up the pu ;e beats of bystanders with an account of how he subdued a lunk !r bass on some sort of new "Super Gurgler" attached to a length i f 4-lb. monofilament.

Lake Burtschi, seven miles southwest of Chickasha, is one of the newer lakes recently opened to fishing. It was constructed by the Oklahoma Game and Fish Department in 1954, with maximum surface area at spillway level of about 200 acres. When the lake had filled to approximately 25 surface acres during the spring of UPPER LEFT: Bullheads are hard to beat for good eating! 1955, an initial stocking of 20,000 largemouth bass fry was UPPER RIGHT: Commissioner Burtschi admires string of fish made, under direction of Regional Fisheries Biologist Clay Wilson, caught by Mike Phiorit, Chick­ asha. Jr. Only bass were stocked the first year. This eliminated competition LOWER: This scene was repeat­ for food and space until the bass had grown to sufficient size to ed hundreds of times on open­ «.-tfv "> „-w* \ -nimpiii.i ing day at Lake Burtschi. I. +1 planning above).

. ™<^,;

A HOME RUN with bases loaded. Quartet of young sandlotters above scored in serious business. Even a cane pole first inning when they gave up the horsehide for day's fishing at Lake Burtschi. e.

ONE MORE and I'll call it a day!

enable them to control other species. By the end of the first growing season the bass had attained an average growth of more than five inches in length.

Other species of fish were introduced during 195 6. Black crappie, red-ear sunfish and channel catfish were stocked in ratio to a formula developed by Wilson. These also grew rapidly, attain­ ing catchable size by spring of 195 7.

On June 18 this year lake Burtschi was opened to fishing. Only children 14 years of age or younger were allowed to fish the first two days. Daily catch limit per person was set at five each of bass, channel cat and crappie, with no limits on bullheads and other species. There were no length limits.

The starting whistle, blown at 9:00 a.m., marked one of the most phenomenal fishing derbies ever witnessed on inland waters. From that hour to 3:00 p.m. some 600 children took almost 3,000 bass from the lake. In addition they pulled in almost as many red-ear, green sunfish and black bullheads. The bass averaged nearly nine inches/ with some going to lYn -pounds.

Although an unusually large unmber of bass were taken, remember that the lake originally supported from 12,000 to 18,000 bass alone, not counting other species. Had these numbers not been reduced, the lake soon would became overpopulated, resulting in stunted, lethargic fish which would be of no value to the angler. Every Sunday Just Outside Dotyville . . . WOODS ARE FULL OF ROBIN HOODS

BY OLLIE HARRISON

Reprinted from The Miami Daily News Photographs by Ed Craig

"M fl AYBE WE HAVEN'T progressed .!.••• so fast after all! If you think we have, go some Sunday afternoon to a wooded section a couple of miles southwest of Miami, Oklahoma, at the edge of the Dotyville community. There you will see bands of bearded Robin Hoods, or catch glimpses of their gay pointed hats as they crouch behind clumps of brush trying for the bull's eye in the hunters round. Almost two thousand years ago the Roman archers might have looked similar as they practiced for Caesar's army. The big difference is: to the Romans it was business, to the Spring River Bow Hunters it is pleasure. After a long period of dormancy, archery has come to life with a flour­ ish. The manufacturers of bows and TROPHIES FOR MARKMANSHIP are displayed by members of the Spring River Bow Hunters club, l-r, kneeling: Richard Lott, president, and Ed Craig; standing, l-r, Betty Harnar, James arrows cannot keep up with demands. Frost, John Mott, and Dora Reavis. The fellow who gets all enthused about the flight of an arrow might wait a long time before acquiring a quiverful for himself. The president of the club, Richard Lott of Commerce, says: "It takes about three months to get an order of arrows. Each archer's arrows have a different colored cresting so they can be identified on the target. "Many members of the club order raw material and make their own," he mentions as he displays a feather burner. With this device the fletch- ings, or feathers, are cut to just the right size and shape. Ed Craig of 1209 D street north­ west, Miami, formerly unknown as an inventor, has rigged up a machine from the motor of an old phonograph that paints the crestings on the ar­ rows. "It's a regular do-it-yourself club," says Craig's wife, Jean. "Richard ARCHERY WORKSHOP—Factories can't produce arrows enough to meet the demand, so Mayfield, (314^ E street north­ these three archers make their own. L-R they are photographer Ed Craig, J. B. Cook, Jr., and Richard Lott. east) makes beautiful leather quivers

Page 14 shoot across the pond in his round of an arrow to his bow. The line un­ targets. winds like a reel as the arrow sails "At least 20 acres of land is re­ away and in many instances connects quired for the range of 28 targets. We with a water creature. have many more than that amount in "There seems to be more than the our plot. The targets are placed at greatly varied distances. This type normal amount of snakes this year," range keeps us in shape for hunting," Betty said, "and it adds extra zest Lott remarked. when we see a big one and everybody starts shooting at it." The club has 27 hardy members, mostly men. What the women lack Every member is looking forward in numbers they make up in en­ to deer season this year. J. B. Cook, thusiasm. Betty Harnar, 328^ B Jr., killed a deer last year. The club street southeast, Miami, has three had a venison barbecue and 40 mem­ trophies on her shelf. Her husband, bers and guests were present. Denver, has one. The roving trophy shoot is held "It isn't that I'm a better shot once each month and is for the mem­ than Denver," Betty says. "It's that bers of the club. When a member I have less competition." wins a trophy three times, it is his RICHARD LOTT demonstrates bow pull Her husband smiles with pride as to keep. Medals are given for the best from kneeling position. he remarks, "I think Betty has a good chance to win in the invitational marksmen in several divisions. This year, for the first time, the of many combinations of colors and designs." Spring River Bow Hunters conducted Mayfield also is the fellow that an invitational tournament. Several provided the intriguing little feather­ hundred people usually show up at ed hats for the members. these all-day affairs. Classifications The day is gone when the western start with the field round in the Indian traveled many miles to get morning. The broad-head or hunters his bow-wood from the country of round is held in the afternoon. They the Osage tribe. This wood, named shoot in groups of four or five with bois d' arc by the French but later known as the Osage orange, was several groups on the range at one coveted for bows because of its tough­ time. ness and elasticity. The Spring River Bow Hunters are The modern bow is made of fiber­ prominent in invitational tourna­ glass or fiber-glass inlay. Many of ments in Oklahoma. They're the ones them would make the most exacting with the yellow T-shirts, green Indian craftsman take notice. shoulder patches—and of course, the At the time the Spring River Bow Robin Hood hats. Hunters organized, early in 1955, DICK MAYFIELD displays handsome quiver. Tom Wilson, an Indian living at Welch, was known far and wide for tournament this year." The Harnars ED CRAIG and wife. Jean, in full regalia his bois d'arc bows. Wilson was a find time in the evening and on Sun­ for the Sunday shoot near Dotyville. charter member of the club. The first day to practice. meetings were held in a park near his "It takes some mighty difficult home. weather to keep us away from the In a short while members realized range," Betty laughs. "Sometimes the the park was not adequate. Sonny sun almost cooks me and other times McDunner, one of the members liv­ the rain nearly drowns me. One Sun­ ing in the Devil's Promenade area, in­ day we had to wear our boots and vited them to use his farm for prac­ rain coats. The feathers on the ar­ tice. rows got wet and stuck to the shafts, Last year the club moved to its but we all had a lot of fun." present site. The club does a lot of shooting "It's the perfect location," Lott besides what members do on the says. A little creek runs through the range. They staged a rabbit hunt last woods, and the hillside is covered by winter which was very successful. scrub trees and brush. A large pond Quite often a group of bow men can at the end of the draw causes the be seen along the Neosho river shoot­ beginner some anxiety for he must ing fish. Harnar has a line connecting Midget Package of MISERY .... Madame MadtCfruita

THE YOUNG LADY in the picture seems amazed by the model of a mosquito 262,000 times life size. But her amazement may turn to tears when she encounters the bite of the real thing.

k^HE'S VERY STREAMLINED, built ficiently annoyed by the irritating in­ by a short tube extending from the for action, and dangerous. Her name: sects to take action against them. tail to the water's surface. By spread­ Culex pipiens (mosquito to you)—a Once a concoction of castor oil, al­ ing oil on the water, it becomes pos­ pesky critter whose bite is worse than cohol, and oil of lavender was used sible to suffocate the wrigglers, who her buzz. (And with typical feminine as a repellent. The idea, apparently, cannot penerate the film with their abandon, Madame Culex does it just was to get Mrs. Mosquito sick, drunk, breathing tubes. for kicks. Laboratory tests have prov­ or conscious of other desires. But it But because many of the 135 ed that human blood is not necessary wasn't very effective. species of mosquitoes found in this to the mosquito's diet!) Other remedies have included a country have different life cycles, a Since her husband doesn't bite, blend of peppermint and lemon juice, problem exists. Many species spend Madame Culex is the one to watch. kerosene, tallow and vinegar, cam­ the winter in the egg stage. Some Right now she's ruining the comfort phor, oil of citronella—even whis­ winter as adults. Others survive in of million of victims who are slap­ key!—all in vain. th larval stage, either freezing up with ping—and cussing--their way through The solution emerged during the water or staying quietly at the woods, picnics, and summer evenings. World War II. In 1941, our Armed bottom of ponds and puddles. But it's been that way ever since Forces realized that an insect repellent What works for one species may man learned to say, "Drat!" while he was needed to protect the soldiers who fail with another. It takes, for ex­ scratched his wounds. Some authori­ would have to fight in the malarial ample, three to four times as much ties believe the Roman and Greek areas of the South Pacific. Intensive DDT to kill the larva of a Culex empires fell because malaria, carried in research followed, and it was finally mosquito as it does that of the An­ from Africa and spread by mosqui­ discovered that a tongue-twister called opheles. Dust larvicides are extremely toes, sufficiently weakened these races ethylhexanediol, a colorless, odorless effective against Anopheles larva, but to cause their collapse. liquid, would stop Mesdames Ano­ not against Culex larva. Other historians claim the reverse pheles and Culex from biting. What can you do to help? Plenty. was true: Rome remained relatively The wartime success of ethylhex­ You can help your community's mos­ safe from enemy invasion because of anediol brought about its postwar use quito abatement group—and enjoy a a swamp filled with malaria-carrying as a civilian product, sold to millions bite-free summer—by following this Anopheles mosquitoes that surround­ under the trade-mark "6-12". six-pronged program of attack against ed the city. Attackers thought twice This is an important weapon a- Madame Culex. before risking a prolonged siege of gainst Madame Culex and excellent the city. Whatever the truth, it would for personal protection, but the lady 1. Clear your property of all pud­ seem that the mosquito has helped is a fertile little creature and often be­ dles and water-filled cans. shape the course of Western history. comes a community-wide problem. 2. Keep grass short. In 1493, yellow fever followed Most mosquitoes need stagnant 3. Use a good insecticide for Columbus to the New World and water at one stage of their develop­ spraying indoor surfaces and space this insect-borne killer ran rampant ment. Draining swamps and salt areas. through the West Indies. It's imposs­ marshes, and increasing the flow of 4. Make sure your windows and ible to estimate the heavy toll of hu­ water so that it becomes inhospitable doors are well screened. man life taken before 1900 when the for the larval wrigglers, are control mosquito was discovered to be the measures used in many areas. At the 5. Cover all cracks or epenings in carrier of deadly plagues. larval wriggler stage the Culex, or your windows and doors. Through the ages, however—for common house mosquito, is more like 6. Use an effective insect repellent, all their ignorance—men were suf- a worm than a mosquito and breathes like "6-12".

Page 16 DEADLINE NEAR FOR REQUESTING 000 from State Game and Fish Funds (now State Wildlife HATCHERY FISH Conservation Funds) for the bounty payments. No ap­ propriation for this purpose was made at the 1957 session OKLAHOMA POND and lake owners have until August of the legislature. 15 to file application with the Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation for fingerling fish from state hatch­ eries this year. More than 1,500 applications had been filed to July 10, and the total is expected to reach 2,000 by Electronic Waterfowl Call Devices the deadline date. Applications received after August 15 May Be Banned will be carried over for 1958 delivery. THE U. S. FISH AND WILDLIFE Service is studying Bass, channel catfish, red-ear and bluegill are raised the use of electronic waterfowl-calling devices with a view in the six state hatcheries and will be available to pond to determining the desirability of banning or controlling and lake owners when deliveries start this fall. Crappie are their use. A new call, which reproduces the vocal noises of also raised, but they are not recommended as a good pond feeding geese, has been so effective in luring the birds into fish. Pond owners are warned against stocking unless the the range that the Service has been forced to undertake waters really need it. Most Oklahoma ponds and lakes are the study. already overstocked, rather than understocked. Reports received by the Service from farms where the devices were used last fall show that hunters are bagging BOUNTY PAYMENTS END increased numbers of geese, even on the "blue-bird days" PAYMENTS OF BOUNTIES on wolves, coyotes and bob­ when waterfowl hunting success never is too good. On cats by the State ceased June 30, 1957, when appropria­ one farm where there were four shooting pits, the Service tions for the two-year period ended on that date, were reports that 1,285 geese were killed during the season. terminated. All county clerks in Oklahoma were notified Should the Service take any action to ban or regulate by the Wildlife Conservation Director to cease accepting the use of the electronic calling devices, it is expected that animal scalps and claims from hunters or trappers as of an announcement will be made along with that of the that date. The state legislature in 1955 appropriated $50,- shooting regulations for this fall's hunting.

• < tin iiniiiiiiiii < tin IIIIIII iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiit i iiuiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii < iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiii i iiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiHiiii a ? ? LOOKING for the LATEST about OKLAHOMA'S Wildlife Conservation Program? Fishing? Hunting? Outdoor Adventure? Animals, Birds, Fish, Reptiles? i 7

NAME (Please Print) ADDRESS (Give St., Rt., or Box Number & Postal Zone)

NEW? OR RENEWAL?

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A SILVER MILE of fishing fun is provided by Roosevel Bridge spanning Lake Texoma on U. S. Highway 70 between Kingston and Durant. Dark line along lower half of bridge structure marks high water line of spring floods.

SCARLET GILIA danced gently in the wind, nod­ ding and dipping against a backdrop of snowy clouds.

• ,.:•••• RODNEY BLANKS, young McAlester fisherman, reminded photographer that Roosevelt Bridge offers anolers two miles of fishing platform, since the mil ? long structure may be fished from either side.

*' "DOUGHNUT" fishing pier near west end of Roosevelt Bridge provides year round indoor fishing comfort for anglers.

Picture-Story by Tom Jessee

RISING SUN splashed random patterns of orange-color­ A ed light across the rich meadows of southeastern Oklahoma as our station wagon glided along the concrete ribbon of U. S. Highway 70 from Madill to Kingston. The dewy freshness of an early morning breeze rippled across rolling acres of Indian Blanket flowers (Gaillardia sp.), sending flashing waves of red and gold racing up the gently sloping hillsides to meet the new day. THE E. A. KENNEDYS of Durant display string of crappie caught from Roosevelt Bridge. Nature, in her wondrous art of alchemy, slowly streaked the rosy tint of dawn with swirling mists from azure skies. Perched atop limestone ridges flaming torches of Scarlet Gilia danced gently in the wind, nodding and dipping against a backdrop of snowy clouds.

This was the rainbow trail, leading not to the proverbial "Pot of Gold", but to prizes so fabulous that not even the creators of that romantic legend could imagine their worth. Topping a rise just east of Kingston, the dazzling beauty of trail's end lay spread out before us. This was no paltry cache of yellow metal, but an all encompassing circle of sun and fun; a silver circle of play­ time magic for Oklahomans and their guests.

Miles of sparkling blue water mirrored historic forests. Silvery spears of light rocketed from a million facets as vagrant winds dipped to kiss the surface of Lake Texoma. SHADY CAMPGROUND (above) is located in Texoma State Park within Roosevelt Bridge, one of the world's longest fishing piers, sight of famed Roosevelt Bridge. narrowed in the distance, like a giant compass needle point­ ing the way to a land of pleasure. To our right sprawled AFTER CATCHING YOUR limit, try a cooling dip in Lake Texoma. There's even swimming in the shade if you're subject to sunburn. luxurious Texoma State Lodge, surrounded by modern vacation cottages and acres of shady campgrounds. On the left, in an inviting cove, lay the Fish-Arena, or Dough­ nut, as it is sometimes called. The Fish-Arena is scientifi­ cally baited for all types of game fish. Within the silver circle could be seen privately operated fishing lodges, boat docks and recreational facilities for everyone of every age.

The riches are still there, at the end of the Rainbow Trail. You carry the chart in your Oklahoma state map. Dip into the chest as often as you like. The more you take, the more they grow. Tulsan Named to Wildlife Duck Identification Guide Conservation Board ONE OF THE MOST comprehensive, instructive, and well-illustrated books ever published on waterfowl identi­ EORGE L. KNAPP, JR., 41, Tulsa outdoor advertising fication and habits is "The Ducks, Geese, and Swans of G man, was named a member of the Oklahoma Wildlife North America" by Francis H. Kortright. This Wildlife Conservation Commission by Governor Raymond Gary, Management Institute book is available from the co-pub­ July 8. He represents district number 1 (Craig, Delaware, lisher the Stackpole Company, Telegraph Press Building, Mayes, Ottawa, Pawnee, Rogers, Tulsa and Washington Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, at $6.50 per copy. Counties), succeeding Rev. C. C. Morgan of Fairfax, whose term expired July 1. Knapp's appointment, pending State Senate confirmation in 1959, is for eight years, ter­ minating July 1, 1965. Use of Wildlife Funds Banned Commending the seven-year tenure of Rev. Morgan, For State Magazine Governor Gary said, "He has "OKLAHOMA TODAY", state magazine, will have to made a very fine member of the operate with a budget reduced by $10,000 a year which Commission." was to have come from the Wildlife Conservation fund, The new commissioner is according to a recent ruling of the Attorney General. a native of Shawnee, Oklahoma, House Bill 821 (see page 13 of Oklahoma Game and was educated in the Okmulgee Fish News, July 1957 issue) directed that $10,000 an­ Public Schools, Oklahoma Mili­ nually, each of the two fiscal years 1957-58 and 1958-59, tary Acadamy at Claremore, be transferred from the Wildlife Conservation fund for the and the University of Oklaho­ magazine Oklahoma Today. However in the constitutional ma, Norman, where he finished amendment and Senate Bill 4, vitalizing the constitutional with a Bachelor of Arts degree. amendment (see Section 6 (a), page 6 of Oklahoma Game Except for service in World and Fish News, July 1957 issue) it is provided that the War II (U. S. Navy, Lt. jg), Wildlife Conservation Fund "shall be expended and used he has worked for the Knapp ... for the control, management, restoration, conservation Advertising Company since gra­ George L. Knapp, Jr. and regulation of bird, fish, predatory animals, game and duation, first in Muskogee before the war, and since Febru­ wildlife resources, including the purchase or other acquisi­ ary, 1946, as manager of the Tulsa branch. He and his tion of property for said purposes, and for the administra­ wife, Bette, have two daughters, Nancy Gayle, 15, and tion of the laws pertaining thereto, and for no other pur­ Dorothy Jeanne, 9. pose." Knapp comes to the Wildlife Conservation Commis­ The Oklahoma Today magazine budget is now re­ sion as the number one choice of a majority of the sports­ duced to $65,000 annually because of the Attorney man-wildlife organizations of his district, sparked by his General's ruling. In the opinion written by Fred Hansen, years of dedicated work in wildlife conservation. He is past first assistant, the Attorney General's office held that "no president of the Tulsa Chapter and the Oklahoma Division tax levied and collected for one purpose shall ever be of the Izaak Walton League of America, of the Tulsa devoted to another purpose". The Wildlife Conservation Executives Association, and of the Tulsa Advertising Fed­ eration. He is a member of the Board of Directors of As­ Department is financed by hunting and fishing license sociated Industries of Oklahoma, of the 10th District of fees. Advertising Federation of America, of the Izaak Walton The legislature appropriated $20,000 from the gen­ League of America, of Outdoor Advertising Associates of eral fund and directed four departments—Highway, Plan­ America, Inc., and of the Tulsa Better Business Bureau. ning and Resources, Commerce and Industry, and Wildlife Also he is a member of the Will Rogers Rotary Club, Conservation—to allocate $10,000 each for the magazine. Tulsa Chamber of Commerce, Tulsa Country Club, and An additional $15,000 from subscriptions was anticipated the Chairman's Advisory Council of Outdoor Advertising to make up the total annual budget of $75,000. Association of America, Inc. The Governor has said he believes allocations from The Tulsa commissioner foresees a "vastly improved the other departments are legal, and that he could allocate research program" for the Oklahoma Wildlife Conservation from his contingency fund if necessary. "We are going to Department which is now operating under a constitutional see it through," said Governor Gary, who said the maga­ amendment designed to "take it out of politics". zine will be in better shape than it was two years ago. "With Oklahoma's wonderful natural advantages, The magazine has been placed on a quarterly basis, whereas the personnel the department already has, and the con­ six issues yearly have been published formerly. The Game stitutional amendment to operate under, the future is and Fish Department (now Wildlife Conservation) has bright," he states. "With cooperation of our sportsmen, contributed to "Oklahoma Today" the past two years in we should have a department second to none in the nation," the amounts of $7,500 in 1955 and $10,000 in 1956, Knapp predicts. though not by an act of the legislature.

Page 20 were two feet or more of water during the dry seasons, chances are you still have fish in the pond. If the waters of your pond got quite low, the fish concentrated to such extent that any over-populated condition was greatly re­ lieved through predation. Small fish were more readily available as food for larger fish. Of course those ponds that dried up will have to be restocked and, in most cases, will be improved because draining and aeration brings about rejuvenation. But even here caution should be used so as not to stock ponds that will dry up again next year. KLAHOMA THIS YEAR experienced one of the wettest The irony of the situation is that for so many years O springs in many, many years. Because of the rains the State Game and Fish Department pushed and sold the every lake and pond in the state was filled to overflowing program of stocking fish as the number one means for im­ and each pond owner is now wanting fish to stock in his proving fishing. Now that biological studies show stocking refilled pond. is only rarely the answer, the new Department of Wildlife Applications for fish from both state and federal Conservation has the job of unselling the expensive idea hatcheries are pouring in, which is well and fine, except of hatchery fish being a cure-all for fishing ills. The idea that at least half of the ponds involved do not need to be wasn't hard to sell because it had general appeal to the stocked with fish. public. The fish were free and it seemed like a practical This will shock many people because their ponds solution. More important, it was good public relations. have been low for months preceding the recent rains, and Even today, public relations is largely what keeps the oper­ they feel that all the fish are gone. Low waters of many ation going. lakes caused fishing success to drop. This the pond owner Hatchery fish can and do play an important part blames on a shortage of fish, and now that his pond is full in fish management. Stocking should be done in ponds, of water again, he is applying for fish to replenish the however, only under certain conditions: (1) When a pond stock. Many of the older ponds that did not get too low is newly built; (2) After a pond has been rejuvenated by are being included in the 1957 fish-request group because draining or after it has been killed out; and (3) Stocking fishing has fallen off. Actually the cause for poor fishing in the face of an established fish population should be done is an over population of stunted fish. only upon the recommendation of a fishery biologist. Pond and lake owners have believed for long years You, as a pond or lake owner and a sportsman, can that when fishing becomes poor the thing to do is stock help your pond and save considerable time and money for more fish. We still commonly hear the complaint, "I don't the State Department of Wildlife Conservation if you understand why fishing isn't better in my lake—I stock apply for fish only in those ponds that you are certain it every year." have no fish of any size present. Actually what the pond owner has done is to hurry Remember—hatchery fish cost money and we want the inevitable—poor fishing by overstocking. Most Okla­ them put where they will do some real good toward im­ homa ponds need only one initial stocking to get a fish proved fishing. population started. Once started, they FARM PONDS, brimful after spring rains, can be happy community gathering places, especially require no supplemental stocking un­ if fishing is good. Be sure your pond really needs hatchery fish before applying. Unless it less a thorough biological study in­ dried up completely during drouth years, you probably have plenty of stock. dicates that such stocking is needed. It can be said generally that fish stocked in waters where an establish­ ed population exists are wasted. The natural reproduction in Oklahoma waters can more than keep fish populations up to par. The hundreds of ponds that shrank to low levels last year but did not lose all of their fish, will be in much better shape if left alone and not stocked with fingerling fish. Those fish left in the pond, even though few in numbers, will repopu- late the pond if they haven't already done so. So unless your pond dried up completely, or so nearly so that nothing could possibly live in it, there is brood stock left there to get the population started. If you did not see dead fish in your pond, and there

Page 21 LETTERS WE STAND CORRECTED TO THE Tulsa, Oklahoma 4967 So. Maybelle ^^^ July 1, 1957 AFTER BEING out of the state and off your mail list for EDITOR about six years, we are back in Oklahoma and want the Game and Fish News again. Herewith check for a one year subscription. On the inside of back cover of the June issue is a picture of a ^bird's nest with the baby birds entangled in the wool, etc. Would know what kind of a wren builds this kind of nest? Sure lo£>ks Ii!-*^Bell's Vireo nest to us. We have never seen any .wren's nestabat even remotely resembled the construction of this one. _*# L. P. SCOTT REPORTS EDITOR'S NOTE: We accept Mr. Scott's identification of the nest as correct until and unless proved otherwise. Sorry your St. Louis 16, Mo. editor is not a bird nest expert ... tee did not see the actual 6450 Christy Drive nest hut merely accepted the photographer's identification of it. June 12, 195 7 AMONG MY BOOKS on Oklahoma history I have the 1912 WINDSTORMS DAMAGE NESTS report of the State Game and Fish Department. I wonder whether similar reports were made for other years. If so, I Mustang, Oklahoma would be interested in locating them as additions to my library. June 28 ,1957 The 1912 edition is a 159-page bound book entitled "Field, I HAVE NOTICED an unusual number of Oriole nests blown Forest and Stream in Oklahoma". It is the report of State out of trees in the high winds during storms—three in my yard Game and Fish Warden John B. Doolin to the Governor of and a loss of about 1 2 birds. the State of Oklahoma, the Hon. Lee Cruce. It is a handsomely MRS. T. W. SPENCE prepared volume containing excellent pictures of Oklahoma dur­ ing those early years with emphasis on its game, fish, and other wildlife. The talents of the famous Oklahoman, Alexander Posey, LIKED CANTON STORY were used in bits of poetry to illustrate the theme of the book. Homestead, Oklahoma June 30, 1957 DAN PAXTON "CALLING THE SHOTS ON CANTON" is the finest story EDITOR'S NOTE: The Department publishes Biennial Re­ ever. I know because I have hunted every section there. ports and several back issues dating to the 1930's are available. However, no other report has ever been published in the elaborate GERALD WALTON style of the Doolin report. The Oklahoma Department of Wild­ life Conservation would like very much to locate a copy of PASSES MAGAZINE ON TO OTHERS the Doolin report for its files. Columbis, Mo. Lenoir Memorial Home June 20, 1957 EXPLAINS HOW NAME WAS ADOPTED ENCLOSED find my check for renewal. After reading each Stillwater, Okla. issue I pass it on to other residents of Lenoir Memorial Home. June 15, 1957 All enjoy it very much. MY CHECK is enclosed for renewal of subscription. You are I. N. MCCASH making Oklahoma Game and Fish News more readable and valuable all the time. I was particularly impressed by your article NO SNAKE PROTECTION, PLEASE! "Wildlife Then and Now" inside front cover, June issue. My own recollection goes back to the year of statehood, when I moved Durham, Oklahoma to Cache, at the entrance to the Wichita Mountains Wildlife June 18, 1957 Refuge. And since that year I have had the privilege of hunting WE ALL ENJOY Oklahoma Game and Fish News . . . every season. In fact, counting a few earlier years in Tenntssee, I you are doing a fine job . . . game is increasing. But one thing have hunted every year for 55. That ought to be a clue to why I won't ever believe in is protecting snakes. Snakes are a real lore than normally interested in wildlife conservation! I menace to any bird that lays eggs on the ground, and to many ' a real debt to repay. Incidentally, your prompt use of the that nest in trees. They eat hen and turkey eggs and can easily new name "Oklahoma Wildlife Conservation Department" is clean up a whole quail family. We wish they would study the 'quite acceptable. I think I should file my claim to originating damage snakes do instead of saying the good they do, killing "••""that name. When representatives of the Izaak Walton League mice, rats, etc. Anyway, we kill 'em! ^ and the Outdoor Council met in Stillwater more than two years ago to draft the proposed amendment to the constitution, the AUGUSTA I. C. METCALFE matter of a name caused a lot of discussion. It was my motion _^tf5at it be "Oklahoma Wildlife Conservation Commission". One PLEASED FISHERMAN froup wanted to drop the word "Wildlife", but the motion Tulsa, Oklahoma carried. May 21, 1957 RANDLE PERDUE JUST RETURNED from two weeks Izaak Walton League of fishing on Grand Lake. Had a won­ America, Inc. derful time, caught plenty of nice cat and crappie. We fished out of Grove on Flat Rock Hollow. It is a SEEKS BOOK ON OKLAHOMA BIRDS fine spot. All caught from the bank Waukomis, Oklahoma with 20 ft. poles, we got our limit June 25, 1957 two days. The people of Grove are so nice. You can just go as you are I WANT very much to get a book on Birds of Oklahoma. and have a good time and you can Is there such a book and if so, how can I obtain it? rent a locker for $1.25 per month MRS. C. R. BECKWITH and freeze your fish and bring them Box 282 home. We really have the Happ Hunting and Fishing in our wonder EDITOR'S NOTE: There is not at present any book on Birds ful State. I am a Cherokee and of Oklahoma available. One was published many years ago by would not want to be anywhere o: Florence Nice, but no copies are to be had unless you might earth but in my native Cherokee H: ''locate ong at some of our pubtic libraries or at the State Library. of Oklahoma. Enclosed is a ph .A^Jg6^~will be published soon by Drs. Fred and Marguerite of my black crappie catch a baumgartner of Stillwater with color plate illustrations by Lake. Thanks for the • Hjm&es. The work has been held up for several years News . . . here's (unds with which to publish. Many groups and subscription. bave joined in subscribing to the publication fund i-^ «j»3 pjl^Js__due to be in print toward the end of 1957 H. V. HARFLI 1228 N. Bosto is'm<& J *^

^-Nij CONVICTION RECORD, GAME AND FISH LAW VIOLATIONS, JUNE, 1957

County County In Which Defendant Address Charged With Amt. Fine, In Which Defendant Address Charged With Amt. Fine, Arrested Court Costs Arrested Court Costs

Alfalfa William Milne. .Cherokee Fish'g without lie .$10, $10 cc Kay Leonard Lane.- Ponca City - Dynamiting fish- -$10, $20 cc E. D. Rayls -Enid Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc & 10 days ' Bryan Nita Boren . .Okla. City ..Fish'g without lie $5 cc Mrs. E. Bocox - Ponca City Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc Winona Romine .Caddo Fish'g without iic -..$5 cc Mrs. J. W. Palm —Tulsa _ — Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc Kathrine Thompson - Hugo ..Fish'g without lie $5 cc Latimer Alvin Angel Wilburton -Fish'g without lie— $10, $10 cc Franklin Plumly Shawnee. Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc LeFlore Clifford Tackett Bokoshe - Tak'g game fish illeg. $25, $5 cc John Li I lard - Ada Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc E. D. Rodocker Garland, Tex Fish'g w/impr. lie —$10, $10 cc Lynard Criswell Spiro — Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc C. D. Hall _ Wister —Fish'g without lie $10, $7.50 cc E. D. Rodocker Garland, Tex. — False statement on lie. $5 cc O. D. Weathers Chaffee, Ark— Fish'g w/imprpr. lie .$10, $7.50 cc Frederick Whaley -Durant .— Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc J. D. Hill . Chaffee, Ark Fish'g w/imprpr. lie $10, $7.50 cc Weldon Cahill Boswell Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc Earl Davis Talihina - Illegal fishing — $10, $3 cc Lola Dorsey Atoka Fish'g without lie. $10, $10 cc C. W. Lowe Heavener — Fish'g without lie — $10, $7.50 cc Preston Dorsey -Atoka Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc G. T. Bullard Heavener- -Illegal fishing $10, $7.50 cc Minnie Rodocker .Atoka Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc Lincoln Onis Henry Patt Choctaw Hunt'g without lie $10, $10 cc Emery Webb -Duncan- Fish'g without lie. $10, $10 cc Jessie Dyer, Jr Colbert. __- Fish'g without lie -$10, $10 cc Marshall James Enloe Okla. City Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc Edmund Wallace, Jr.. .Colbert.- Fish'g without lie. $10, $10 cc O. C. Griggs Ardmore. .Fish'g without lie —$10, $10 cc Paul Wortz -Colbert Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc Mrs. James Enloe Okla. City Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc R. H. Read Colbert Fish'g restricted area $10, $10 cc G. J. Risley Amarillo, Tex Fish'g w/imprpr. lie $10, $10 cc Mrs. Cly.de Stalling - Healdton Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc Otto Brady Durant Fish'g without lie. $10, $10 cc Clyde Stalling . Healdton Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc Joe Johnston, Jr McAlester —Killg squirrels clsd. seas.$10, $10 cc Andrew Janko -Mcloud Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc Albert Moore _ McAlester Fish'g without lie— $10, $10 cc Mark Holland Durant Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc Mayes Bobby Washam Big Cabin Hunt'g without lie.- $10, $10 cc Bob Griffey Ada Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc Enos Cloninger. — Pryor Back-dating fish'g lie $25, $H)_ec H. T. Yarbrough .Durant Fish'g without lie. $10, $10 cc James Amos _ -Tulsa — Fish'g without lie— $10, $7.50 cc C. V. Anderson . Idabel Nett'g & poss'g game fish$10 cc Junior Dunn -Collinsville — Fish'g without lie— $10, $7.50 cc C V. Anderson -Idabel Sein'g less than 100 yds. John Murray. ..Oakhurst— -Fish'g without lie.... $10, $7.50 cc off L. Texoma shore $10 cc McClain -Okla. City —.Hunt'g without lic._ $10, $10 cc C. V. Anderson Idabel ..Com. fish'g Lake Texoma $10 cc Jaymon Cassey. McCurtain Mt. Zion Fish'g without lie— $10, $11.50 cc Jake Young Idabel- ...Net'g & possn'g game fish$200 $10 cc Robt. Pritchett... $10, $11.50 cc Bennie Badgett Jr Garvin .Fish'g without lie. Jake Young Idabel ..Sein'g less than 100 yds. $25, $11.50 cc off L. Texoma shore $200 $10 cc Bennie Badgett Garvin - Fish'g in clsd. waters - Bennie Badgett Garvin Nett'g fish less than 100 Jake Young Idabel - ..Com. fish'g Lake Texoma$200 $10 cc $100, $11.50 cc James Suliivan.. -Pickens. ..Fish'g without lie —$10, $10 cc from bank .. ... Bennie Badgett, Jr Garvin Nett'g fish less than C C. Calhoun - Caddo —Issuing resdt. license 100 ft. frim bank .$11.50 cc to non-resident $25, $10 cc Bennie Badgett, Jr Garvin Fish'g in clsd. waters $11.50 cc J. A. Barnett Caddo -Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc Joe Prim - Idabel Hunt'g squirrels clsd. seas.$10, $10 cc Carter Bay Petroleum Co.. Tulsa _ ... Pol lution $ 18 cc Murray Clarence Maler. Shawnee- Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc Gelmen Oil Co .Tulsa .Pollution $10, $10 cc Muskogee Glenn Scott .Briartown — Kill'g squirrels clsd. seas. $10, $10 cc Cherokee John Murphy .Fairview— Fish'g without lie —$10, $10 cc II James Ross -Tahlequah Ilegal fishing $10, $10 cc Oklahoma Wilson Graves... Okla. City Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc a John Risley — ..Vian Hunt'g without lie. $10, $10 cc Wm. Trivitt Bethany Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc Joe Killie .Muskogee Fish'g without lie.._ $10, $10 cc Hershell Rose- Edmond Hunt'g without lie $10, $20.65 cc J. B. Fulton .Houston, Tex.-Shoot'g from highway $10, $13.20 cc Leonard McCoy- .Okla. City Fish'g without lie .$15, $10 cc Hale Khoury .Okla. City -Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc Choctaw Lee Kelton Hugo -Illegal fishing $10, $10 cc James Wynn. Soper Illegal fishing $10, $10 cc Osage Wm. Tillman Drumright Fish'g without lie —$10, $11.50 cc Tom Courtney Tulsa Fish'g without lie $10, $5 cc Cleveland Goff Leeper Drilg. Co. Ardmore Pollution $100, $16.80 cc Robt. Greenfeather Skiatook - Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc Cecil Trice Prod. Co— Okla. City Pollution $100, $25 cc " John Barber Skiatook — Fish'g without lie. $10, $10 cc Haloid Pohiman Okla. City.- Hunt'g w/o perm $10, $8 cc Terry Hindman — Bartlesville Tak'g game fish illegally-$25, $10 cc Johnnie F'azier _ Okla. City Fish'g without lie $10, $8 cc Wm. Pugh Bartlasville - Tak'g game fish illegally $25, $10 cc Bernice Mosley Okla. City Fish'g without lie $10, $8 cc Pittsburg Bill Cummings - McAlester— Hunt'g without lie- $10, $10 cc Comanche David Jones _ Lawton Kill'g buffalo on refuge $100, $10 cc Emmitt Simmons McAlester Fish'g without lie. $25, $10 cc J.mes Williams. Lawton Kill'g buffalo on refuge. $100, $10 cc Pontotoc Robt. Wallace Wewoka -Fish'g w/imprpr. lie $10, $11 cc Cotton C. S. Brown... .Temple Hunt'g without lie $10, $10 cc Push. Chas. Ford Clayton- Fish'g without lie $10, $8.75 cc Larry Parker .Miami . Delaware .Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc Roger Mills Carroll Dupree Elk City- Fish'g without lie $10, $13.30 cc Homer Aubrey Blose . Grove Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc Lloyd Roberts Tulsa - Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc Carthage, Mo Rogers Gerald Wilson Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc Eugene Roberts. Tulsa _ Fish'g without lie. $10, $15 cc Garvin Phillips Pet. Co Antioch -Pollution (Case 6752) $100, $12.50 cc Dewey Coursey Tulsa Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc Phillips Oil Co Antioch -Pollution (Case 6751) $100, $12.50 cc Seminole Eulfa Belford — Shawnee .. — Fish'g without lie - -$10, 75 cc Grady Phillips Pet. Co -Bartlesville -Pollution (Case 4113) $100, $9.10 cc Sequoyah Jas. Manley Webber Falls- Fish'g without lie --$10, $10 cc Grant Pete Richers .Enid Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc J. D. Pruitt— .Sallisaw Poss'n HP rifle Greer Alfred Williams -Altus Fish'g without lie— — $10, $10 cc in deer woods $100, $10 cc Carl Allgood -Mangum Hunt'g without lie $15, $10 cc Delbert Barton Tulsa Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc Haskell Lloyd Nixon -McCurtain Poss'n game in clsd. seas..$10, $10 cc Ralph Rains Henryetta Fish'g without lie... —$10, $10 cc Melvin Dameron, Jr Vian Commercial fishing on Johnston Woodrow Harper.— ..Long Beach, Cal.Fish'g w/imprpr. lie $10, $10 cc Raymond Lightfoot. Del City- Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc legal holiday —$20, $10 cc Raymond Lightfoot- .Del City Noodling game fish $25, $10 cc Stephens Paramore Oil Co Duncan Pollution $100, $18.50 cc John Lightfoot .Antlers Noodling game fish $25, $10 cc Vendever Oil Co Okla. City Pollution $100, $18.50 cc John Lightfoot Antlers Fish'g without lie. $10, $10 cc Mrs. B. E. Woodward, JiDuncan Fish'g without lie $10, $9 cc Austin Lightfoot Antlers Noodling game fish $25, $10 cc Wm. Cox Okla. City Fish'g without lie $10, $9 cc Robert McGuire -Ada Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc Rufus Klyers Duncan Fish'g without lie. $10, $9 cc Kay Sye Morris -Ponca City Tak'g game fish illeg $10, $10 cc Wagoner Otis Rhoden Muskogee Tak'g game fish illegally $25, $10 cc W. F. Conway .Tulsa Hunt'g without lie $10, $8.50 cc Wm. Coday —Coweta Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc J. H. Lytle . Pawnee —.Fish'g without lie. $10, $10 cc Rev. Ralph James Sapulpa Tak'g game fish illegally $25, $10 cc B. J. Willhite Shidler Fish'g without lie. $10, $10 cc Carl Rose Tulsa - Tak'g game fish illegally $25, $10 cc Jernigan-Morgan Oil Co Ponca City- Pollution (Case 17697) — $ 100, $6.40 cc Wm. Owens Henryetta. -Tak'g game fish illegally ^5, $10 cc Russell Hunt Jenks Fish'g without lie $10, $10 cc W. L. Burdan- Muskogee Tak'g game fish illegally $25, $10 cc

Fish Experts Check Wichita particular interest to sportsmen," Sandoz explained. "What we find here will lead to management answers to improve Refuge Lakes fishing." FISHERMEN AT lakes in the Wichita Mountains Wild­ Sandoz will make recommendations to Howard fol­ life Refuge near Lawton may reap huge benefits as a result lowing the survey. of an intensive survey of three lakes there, Julian Howard, Fish are snared from the lakes in nets, marked by refuge manager, predicted recently. means of harmless clipping of fins, measured and weighed. A four-man crew, headed by O'Reilly Sandoz, State Assisting in the project are Leonard Jones, who Wildlife Conservation Department biologist, is conducting received a bachelor of science degree in zoology in June at the survey designed to eventually make fishing better in Oklahoma State University, and Jean Reed, Norman, OU Burford, Lost and Quanah Lakes. sophomore. "We are finding out the standing crop of fish in the Sandoz said the red-ear perch are excellent, especially lakes and the number of catchable fish, which will be of in Burford Lake. He also found an abundance of bluegill.

Page 23 Return Postage Guaranteed Okla. Dept. of Wildlife Conservation

Oklahoma City 5, Okla.

SMALL OR LARGE, PLANTS ARE VERY IMPORTANT TO ALL OTHER LIVING THINGS. PLANT COMMUNITIES, AGES IN DEVELOPING, MAY BE DESTROYED BY A MOMENT'S PLANTS OFTEN CARELESSNESS . . . HAVE SIMPLE BEGINNINGS ... BUT

BEAUTY ABOUNDS IN MANY PLANTS WHILE . . . DANGER!

LURKS IN OTHERS.

-Reprinted from Virginia Wildlife