1951

CENSUS HANDBO:OK

MALABAR DISTRICT

PRINTED BY THE SUPERINTENDENT GOVERNMENT PRESS KADX-AS- 1953

CONT;ENTS

l'AGB PART I-coni. 1 PmnrAoE v SectWn ('i). 2 Introductory note about the district with lIonnoxuros .. S Rural Stati8tics-(Inf'ormation regarding area. number of occupied houses, literacy, distribution of pOpula­ tion by livelihood classes, cultivated area. sma.II-St,.le STATISTICS. iudulit,jHI est.l1bIishments and incjdence of leprosy in vida-gf's) with appendix giving a list of villagos with PaRT I. a popula.tion exceeding .5,000 but treated as rural 82 Section (i). Section (iii). 3 • A ' General Populatz"on Tables- 9 Urban Scatiatics-(Information regarding area, number A-I-Area, H()usos and Population 14 of occuJ1ied houses, literaoy. distribution of pOpula­ tion by Ih a.ihood classes. small-scale industrial A-II-Va.riation in Population during fifty years 15 establiahments and incidence of leprosy in each ward of each censw town and cit.y) •. • . . • 198 A.III-Towns and VillageR classified by Population 17 PART TI. A-IV-Cities and TOWIlB classified by Population with variations since 1901 19 10 • C ' Household and Age (Sample) Tables- A-V-Towns a.rranged talukwise with Population bl' C-I-Household (size) 222 Livelihood Classes 21 CoIl-Livelihood Clasaes by Age-groups. . 224 ! • E' Summary Figurea by talukll 23 C-IV-Age and Literacy 226 -5 • B • Economic Tables­ 11 • D' Social and 0lllturall'able8- B-I-Livelihood" ClassaJi a.nd Sub-classes 25 D-I-Languagea- B.II-Secondary means of Livelihood 30 (i) Mother-tongue 230 B-III-Employers, Employees and Indepcmdent Workers (ii) Bi-lingualism .. 234 in Industries and Services by Divisions and Subdivisions 33 D-Il-Religion .241 D-III-Scheduled Castes and Scheduled TI'ibas. 2.3 ·6 Small-scale IndustNe8 Tables- D-IV-Migrsnts-Tract where enumerated 245 I-Distribution of Small-scale Industries by trads 60 D-VI-Non-Indian Kationo.ls .262 II-Employment in Textile Establishments for Census . tracts 61 D.VII-Livelihood Classes by Educationa] Standarda._ .2M III-Em'Jloyment in Non-Textile Establishments fOr 12 District Occupational Abst-ract-(Abatract showing Census tracts 65 means of livelihood groups and sub-groups under non-a.gric"ltural occupllotiollB and tho number of solf. "'1 • L' Incidence oj Lepro.~11 by Livelihood ClassUJ!or talulca. '19 supporting persons engaged in them) 268-

PREFACE

The Government used to oompile and publish District Manuals for eaoh distriot prior to-- 1905. , The manuals became obsolete with'n a. few years of their publication, oontaining &8 they did not only matter of a more or less permanent oharacter suoh as physical charaoter­ istics, history. religion and ethnogra.phy, as also statistical matters which soon became out of date. , The Government decided to replace the District Manuals by another publication known as the District Gazetteer, consisting of two volumes, A and B. The A volume­ oontained descriptive matter and such general figures, as might be necessary to explain the ~t, and the B volume oontained detailed statistics. They also decided that the­ B volume should be brought out periodically, especially after each deoennial censU8. Between 1905 and 1927 A volumes for thirteen districts were published. In 1927 they were­ discontinued. B volumes for all the districts were published between 1906 and 1915. They were continued to be published even after the 1931 census. They were not published &fter the 1941 censU3.

,VqIage Statistics, containing the results of the census for every village in the Sta.te~ were first compiled and published in 1872, at the instance of Mr. C. E. Gover, who was then the Census Officer in Madra.s. His successor, in 1882, considered that this pUblication led to needless expenditure and trouble in printing the tables villagewar, but the Government decided that the Village Statistics should continue to be published. The practice of issuing Village Statistics at every census was followed subsequently. The Village StatistIcs merely showed the number of occupied houses and population of each village and town by religions.

The idea of preparing the present volume, viz., the District Census Handbook for each district was put forward by Sri R. A. Gopalaswami, I.C.S" Registrar-General, India, and ~-offioio Census Commissioner of India, as part of a. plan intended to secure an e1fective method of preserving the census records prepared for areas below the District level. He proposed that all the district census tables and census abstracts prepared during the proooas of sorting and compilation should be bound together in a. single manuscript volume, called the District Census Handbook, and suggested to the State Governments that the handbook (with or without the addition of other useful information relating to the district) should be printed and published, at their own cost, in the same manner as the Village Statistics in the past. In accepting this Buggestion, the Government of Madras decided to print and publi8h the more important portion of statistical data relating to the district and to preserve the rest of the records in a manuscript volume for any future use, to which they ma.y be put.

2. The statistical da.ta embodied in the Distriot Census Handbook have to be understood from the ba.ckground of the changes introduced in the 1951 census. The most important and fundamental change introduced in the 1951 census consists in the substitution of AD_ economic classification of the people for the classifioa.tion based on Religion and Communiti_ vi adopted'in the past. The people were divided into two broad livelihood categories, the Agricultural and the Non-Agricultural. Four agricultural classes and four non-agricultural classes were prescribed as shown be:ow :- Agricultura Classes- I. Cultivators of land, wholly or mainly owned, and their dependants.

II Cu~tivators ofland, wholly or main'y unowned, and their dependants~ III. Cult:vating labourers and their dependants,

IV. Non-cultivating o~ers of land, agricultural rent receivers and their -dependants. N on-Agricu

Each of the above eight livelihood classes were divided into three sub-c~asses with reference' to their economic status as below :- (i) Self-supporting persons, (i) Non-earning dependants, and (iii) Earning dependants. These Hvel"hood sub-c'asses have been defined in detail in the fly-leaf notes attached to' Economic Table B-1 included in this Handbook. All non-earning dependants are economically passive, all earning dependants are, economicaUy semi-active. A I self-supporting persons are ordinarily economicaty activ&', but the c.asses and groups specified below constitute an exception to this rule-- (1) Self-supporting persons of Agr:cultural C ass IV, (2) Self-supporting persons of Livelihood Class VIII, who derive their principal means of livelihood from any source other than through economic activity, viz.- .

(a) Non-working owner~ of non-agricultural property; (b) Pensioners and remittance ho:ders ; (c) Persons living on charity and other persons with unproductive occupationS ; and" (d) Inmates of penal institutions and asylums. Economica'ly active persons engaged in cultivation are either cultivators or cultivf1ting labourers. Economic Table B-1 gives particulars of the population classified accordillg to, the eight livelihood classes and the three sub-classes mentioned above. ., .. Economically active persons engaged in industries and services have been· cl~~ed~ with raference to the nature of the commodity produced or service performed. They are further divided into three sections, viz., Employers, Employees and Independent Workers. Economic Table B·III gives particulars of the economically active persons classified under­ the divisions and subdivisions of ip-dustries and services of the Indian Census Economic­ Classification Scheme. Table C-I, included in this Handbook covers the population of sample households and Tables C-II and C-IV cover a 10 per cent sample population. The method' adopted for extracting these samples has been described in detail in the fly-leaf notes attached to tho relevant tables.

3. Scheme of the Oensus H andbook.-The Handbook has been divided into two parts: Part I consists of three sections, namely, Section (i) containing the General PopUlation Tables (,A-series), the Eoonomic Tables (B-series), Summary figures for Taluks (Table E). Tabl~s I, II and III relating to Small-soale Industrial Establishments and Table L showing the Inoidence of Leprosy, Section (li) containing the Rural Statistics, and Section (iii) containing the Urban Statistics, and Part II containing the Household (size) Table C·I, and Tables showing Livelihood Classes and Literacy by Age-groups (C-II and C-IV), the Socia' and Cultural Tables (D-series) and _an abstract of non-agriou tural occupations in the district. Among the tables included in the Handbook, Table A-IV-Towns classifed by popUlation with variations since 1901, Economic Table B-II-Seoondary means of Livelihood under each livelihood class and Table C-II-Livelihood classes by age-groups furnish information at the district -levoJ. The other population tables in the A -series, the summary figures for ta,luks (Table E) and the infirmity (Table L) showing the inoidenoe of leprosy furnish infor­ mation for each taluk in the distriot with a distriot total. The rural statistios in Part 1- Section (ii) furnish basic information in respect of every village and town arranged acoord­ ing to census tracts. In addition to the total population of the villages, and its distribution among the eight livelihood olasses, information regarding the n~ber of literates, the culti­ vated area, the number of small-scale industrial establishments under categories, textile a.nd non~textile and the number of leprosy oases and doubtful cases has been included.

The urban statistics in Part I-.-Section (iii) furnish simi'ar information except that relating to cultivated area in respeot of every unit classified as oity or census town- in the district with ward wise data. All other tables inoluded in the Handbook provide information for units called oensus tracts with totals for the district.

4. CensU8 Tra~ts.~A distinotive feature of the census statistics is its rura'/urban break­ up designed with a view to compare the conditions and characteristios of the rural and urban population. The rural areas of eaoh district were therefore kept distinct from the urban areas. For faoilitating tabulation these areas were divided into a number of rural a.nd urban tracts. As far as possible, the rural area in each taluk was constituted into a. Bingle ;ural tract. In a few cases however where the taluks were smal in size with reference­ to their population, the rural areas of more than one taluk were taken together as a single rural traot. The urban tracts have been formed out of areas deolared as cities and census towns in each district. Every city was treated as a separate tract._ l.'owns other than cities were grouped together to form non-city urban traots. Wherever possible, the toWIDl in each taluk were constituted into a single non· city urban traot. In cases where the tOWIlB­ in a ta.luk had a population of les.s than 50,000 the towns in more than one taluk were 'lrouped viii

-together to form a non-city urban tract. All the rural tracts in the ~tate have bee~ assigned numbers in one series, the non-city urban tracts in an'lther ~eries and the city tracts in a. third series. In all the tables where the data have been furnished for tracts. the tracts have been denoted by numbers that have b~n assigned to them. A list of tracts .into which the district has been divided and the areas comprised in each is furnished in the fly-Iea.f note to Economic Table B-1 relating to the district. The districts, taluks and villages mentioned in the Tables and Abstracts have been ~hown a.long with the census location code numbers assigned to them for purposes of .census operations. The numbers given to the Tables in this publication correspond to those given' in the .State '1ensus Report. Elaborate nores explaining the scheme of each Table have been introduced in the By leaf -a.ttached to each with a view to enable the reader to get a precise idea of the data furnished :1n the Table.

5. Tables relating to Small-scale Industries.-In the year 1950 a census of Small-s~aJe Industries was instituted under the orders of the Government. The objeut was to get some idea about. small industries such as cott.age and home industries, small establishments , workshops, etc., where articles were produced, repajred or otherwise treated for sale, use or disposal and small mines. The enquiry was confined to establishments to which the Facto~es Act was not appli··able. Indidduais who worked on their oWn and did not employ .other people were left out of account. From the data collected three Tables were prepared and they have been included in the Handbook. Information giving villagewise and wardwise information for Small scale Industries have been incorporated in the ruraJ and urban statistics. The details collected and embodied in the Tables are not to be consi­ dered accurate or exhaustive, as the enumeration staff employed had not been trained for the purpose and some cases of under-enumeration were noticed. However, the figures given in the Tables may be sufficient to give an insight into the nature of the industries prevalent in the different parts of the district. 6. Opportunity has been taken to put in a short introductory note detailing the salient points connected with the district, such as the physical features, climate, rainfall, irrigation And drainage facilities, roads and other communications, crop statistics, education, indus­ tries and other matters of general interest. The information contained in the introductory note is based on the materials furnished by Collectors of district.s and Departments of Govern­ ment. The District Gazetteer was also freely referred to. The relevant paragraph of the 1951 Census Report discussing the growth of population in the district has also been incorporated in the proper place. A district map showing taluk boundaries, physical features, important roads and places with a. population exceeding 5,000 is also attached.

It is hoped that this HandQook will serve as a book of reference on matters relating jo -the district and that it will be found useful both by Departments of Government and the publio. J. I. ARPUTHANATHAN, Superintefulent of Otm81lA Operation." Madra.. ~"'.' Cll'"' 00- 0" 0::', . 0, ... •

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INTRODUCTION TO MALABAR DISTRICT

1. (a) (i) Situation and 'Physical characteristics.­ the south. The villageR of Peruvemba, PalathuIu, Malabar is one of the two districts situated on Panyur, Koodalur, Elavancherri, Elapully and the west coa~t of the Madras State. It lies etween Theneri and a portion of Vadavannur ameam which 10°15' and 12°20' of the northern 1atitude and 75°10' were originally in '. this district were recently and 76°50' of the eastern longitude. The distriot transferred to the United ~tate of Tranvancore and stretches along the shores of the Arabian Sea for a Cochin. Portions of Chittoor village and NaJlipulli, distance of about 150 miles, with the South Kanara Tatamangalam and Vallangi villages whioh were attached to the United State of Travancore and district in the north, the Coorg and Mysore States, C.ochin were transferred to this district. The distriot the Nilgiris and Coimbatore districts on the east consists of the following ten taluks comprised in five and the United State of Travancore and Cochin on Revenue Divisions :- Name of Revenue Headquarters of Revenue Talnks comprised in Area Headquarters of Division. Division. the Revenue Division. in square thetaluk. miles.

TeUicherry Tellicheny ChirakkaJ. 688 Ca.mumore. Kottayam 484 Tellicherry• Wynaad 821 Mannantoddy.

Kozhikode Kozhikode Kurumbranad 506 Bad&gara. Kozhikode .. 373 Kozhikode. I@ccadiv~_ _~. __ MjpjOQJ' . -DIaliiJIh 7 ~~--- MaJappuram Mslappuram Ernad 978 Ma.njeci WalluV8Dad 873 Perinte.1m&nna.

Palgbat Palgbat Ponnani 427 Ponnani. Palghat 6f3 Palghat.

Fort Cocbin . • For' Cochin For.. CJochiD 2 Fort Coohin.

Tota) 5.802

I Wynaad, Walluvanad and Pa.lghat taluks are in Malabar or MaIayaIam district is as the name the interior. The other taluks are on the Bea coast. implies a land of mountains. The great western The breadth of the district varies from less than 5 ghats form an almost; continuous mountain wall on miles in the extreme south to upwards of 70 miles in the eastern side broken only by the Palghat gap. the middle where Palghat taluk penetrates the line The coast contains a n&ITOW strip of sand from the of the ghats. The Laecadive islands attached extreme south up to Kozlllkode. North of Kozhikode to Mala.bar lie at distances varying from 139 to 218 the coast line is fringed with low clilfs alternating miles df1 the coast and consist of a group of four with stretohes of sand. A mile or two inland the scene inhabited and ten uninhabited islands. The Minieoy changes and the country swells towards the barrier island, also attached to this district, lies south of of the ghats at first, in range after range of low red Laccadives at a distance of 243 miles .from: Koz~e. laterite hills with paddy :flats arid cocoanut gardens Malabar-l 2

and later in the long spurs, deep ravines and thick The Mahe river drains the northern part of jungles that mark the beginning of the main Western Kurumbranad taluk and flows for some distance Ghats. The ghats maintain an avera.ge eleva.tion of as the boundary between Kurumbranad and the 5,000 feet, occasionally soaring up into peaks about Kottayam taluks. 8,000 feet and run parallel to the coast at a distance of some 20 miles from it. In Kozhikode The Kotah river flows in the centre of Kurum­ tarluk they turn sharply eastward and after curving branad taluk and is navigable for a long distance and round the Nilambur valley in Ernad taluk they fun is also connected with the waterways. south along the eastern portions of Ernad and Walluvanad taluks and the northern portion of The Korapuzha is another river flowing in the Palghat taluk. Here there is the break known as the southern portion of Krumbranad taluk. Palghat gap. South of the Palghat gap they rise again in the Tenmalais (4,000 feet to 5,000 feet high) The important rivers in Wynaad taluk are the and swell further into the Anamalais of Coimba.tore Panamarampuzha, the Manantoddy river and the district. Bavali. The rivers in Kozhikode taluk are the Kallai, the Detached from the main range there are several Elathur river (Korapuzha) the Irittulipuzha, the outlying hills which break the monotony of the Irungipuzha, the Mukkam river and the Beypore undulating laterite downs of the low country. river. The Beypore river consists of three branches namely, the Karunpuzha rising in the valley betwee~ The Palghat gap is 25 mile~ broad and opens out Gulkal and Mukarti hills of the ghats in the east of into Coimbatore district. Besides this gap there Ernad taluk, the Ponpuzha river north of it and the are some other passes piercing the ghatsand giving Chalayar further north in the Ernad taluk. It flows aocess to Coorg, the Wynaad and Mysore States and into the sea at Beypore in the north-western corner to the Nilgiris district. of Ernad taluk six miles south of Kozhikode. The river is navigable for light boats as far as Mctmbad The Laccadives and the Minicoy islands are coral village in tbe interior of Ernad taluk. Timber from formations not more than 30 feet above sea level the forests is also floated down this river. The other with shallow lagoons enclosed by reefs on the western important river in Ernad taluk is the Kadalundi. and north-western sides. This river is navigable for a considerable distanoe during the rainy season.

(b) Rivers.-Three rivers flow east from this The Ponnani river also known as the Bharathi­ district. All of them are tributaries of the Cauvery. puzha, rises in the Anamalais in Coimbatore distriot, They are the Rampur river, the Kabani draining traverses the taluks of Palghat and Ponnani touching the whole of Wynaad taluk, and the Bhavani the southern boundary of Walluvanad taluk. It is draining the high hills on the eastern part of fed by the Tuthapuzha river in ,Ponnani taluk and Walluvanad tal uk. All the other rivers flow down finally joins the sea at Ponnani. This river is connec­ to the Arabian Sea. Many of these rivers flow into ted with water ways. The other rivers in Walluvanad the coastal backwaters which are linked up by taluk 'are the Bhavani, the Siruvani, the Kadalundi' artificial canals forming important means of com­ the Olipuzha,. and the Tuthapuzha. ' munications. The important rivers flowing into the Arabian, Sea from north to ·south are the Valar­ The other rivers in' Palghat taluk are the pattanam, the Anjarakkandi, the Mahe, the Kotah, Kalpathipuzha, the Yakkarapuzha and the Gayatri­ the Chaliar or Beypore river, the Kadalundi and puzha. the Ponnani. (c) Foresl8.·-The private and the reserved forests The Valarpattanam rises in the extreme north­ in the district including waste or communal lands west of Wynaad and flows north-west aoross 'containing trees or shrubs cover an area of 2,958 square Kottayam and Chirakkal taluks and reaches the sea miles consisting of 535 squa~ miles of Reserved at the port of Baliapatam. The other rivers in forest and 1,750 square miles of private forests. The 'Chirakkal taluk are the Kottoor river, the Irikkur, area of private forests actually wooded is 418'5 square the Vannathi, the Pazhayangadi, the Perumba, the miles. The Reser ved forests consist of deciduous Kuppam, the Kuttikkol and the Kavvayi. subtropical ever green, ever green tropical rain forests, and deciduous monsoon forests. The private forests at The Anjarakkandi flows through Kottayam taluk. the foot hills contain scrub jungle, a few trees and The other rivers in Kottayam taluk are the Bavali bamboos. In the interior of the ghats there are some a nd the Iriti. luxuriant sholas. 3

(d) Olimate and rainjall.-Great extremes of till the onset of the south-west monsoon. The heat and cold are unknown. Though the average north-eal:.t monsoon is not strong in the district. By maximum temperature is only around 91 0 it is the end of December, dry weather sets in. oppressive in the moisture-laden atmosphere. Humi­ dity is exceptionally high rising to 90 per cent A statement showing the monthly mean of daily during ,the south-west monsoon. The south-west maximum, daily minimum, highest recorded and monsoon begins early in June and gets weakened from lowest recorded temperatures and the mean of rainfall September. In summer months Palghat taluk suffers for the years 1881-1940 and similar particulars and from the hot blast coming from Coirn batore district, actual' rainfall for 1951 as recorded at Kozhikode is through the gap. Thunder showers occur from April g~ven below :-

1881-1940. 1951. r- r- Temperature """ Temperature. -'" "l r- "l Month. Mean of Mean of Highest Lowest Rainfall in ""'-----, Highest Lowest Rainfall in Daily Daily recorded. recorded. inches. Daily Daily recorded. recorded. inches. maxi· mjni. maxi. mini. m=. m=. m=. mum. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) January 87,9 70·9 93 63 0·35 88·7 72·4 90 67 February 88·5 73·0 93 61 0·19 88'7 73·4 90 69 0,37 March 90·1 76·1 94 67 0·68 91·0 76'5 93 72 April 91·0 78·4 95 70 3·58 91·3 77·7 93 73 3·63 May 90'1 78'2 99 68 9·28 91'7 78·6 93 75 6'01 June 84·7 75·18 93 71 33·08 85·1 74·2 89 72 37'03 July 82·4 74'1 90 70 32'46 83'6 73'9 88 72 27,26 August 82·9 74·3 90 69 17·16 84·0 74·8 86 74 7·44 September 84'4 74·6 93 70 7·94 87·4 75·9 92 73 7'35 October .. 86·3 74·8 94 68 10'27 89'3 76·3 93 74 5'59 November 87·3 73·9 94 61 0'46 89'4 76'2 93 74 6·64 December 87·7 71·3 94 61 1'01 89'6 70·5 92 66 3'73

Total 86'9 74'6 99 61 121'46 SS'3 75'0 93 66 105'05

The average annual rainfall and the average The soil distribution in each taluk is given below in number of rainy days in a year for the taluks of the thousands of acres ;- district are furnished below:- Red Red Red Arena- Tal uk. clay. loam. sand. ceous. Average Average (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) annual number of Name of taluk. rainfall in rainy days Chirakkal 7,6 370'7 35·1 inches. in a. year. Kottayaro .. ()'7 174'8 5'0 (2) (3) Kurumbranad 6,0 200'7 27·6 3·2 ( 1) Kozhikode •• 0·2 165·1 10'5 1'3 137·40 118'9 Ernad 2·0 363·3 31-4 0'1 Cbirakkal .• WaUuvanad 303'0 63·5 Kottayam 130·50 114·9 Palghat 280·9 31-5 Wynaad .. 140·68 129·3 Ponnani 10·1 99·9 126·7 1l.6 Fort Cochin .. 0·7 6'3 KuruUlbranad 146·19 124·8 Kozhikode 121·46 115·2 Except in Ponnani and Cochin taluks red loam is Ernad 112·56 114·8 the prevailing soil and represeDts about 85 per cent of Walluvanad 108·22 115·4 the total area of the plains, Clay is found only in Ponnani 110·74 115·7 the areas inundated in monsoon and in beds of Palghat 88'76 105·5 shallow lakes and lagoons of Ponnani. The light Fort Cochin U5'33 130·1 sandy soils of the coast are alluvial deposits of sand slightly impregnated with silt found in shQres of back­ (e) Soils.-Except for a narrow belt of arenaceous waters and near mouths of the rivers. In Wynaad soil on the shores of the coa.stal taluks, the soils of the soils are of red ferruginou8 series with regar soils plains belong to the red furruginoll8 series comM in the north of the taluk. The black and bJackish posed of a mixture of clay and rive~-sa.nd, They are soils derived from the forest washes are highly classified as" red clay, red loam and red sand. fertile. Mala bar-l.A. (/) Irrigation and drainage facilities and liability to The number of minor and major irrigation famine.-The south-west monsoon gives an abundant souroes in each taluk and the area irrigated by them rainfall to the district. The rains are suffioient to are furnished in the statement given below :_ mature the orops. There a.re some minor irrigation tanks and some major works recently completed, which provide irrigation facilities for some additional Name of taluk. areas. The Malampuzha Project in Palghat taluk is expected to be completed by 1953. There are also some wells dug for the irrigat.ion of second crop, hot wea.ther paddy crops and arecanut gardens. (1) AOS. ACS' Though the crop on the arable area in the district may generally be regarded as safe, the district does Chirakkal 3 159·00 Kottayam 1 576'90 I (Kanduchira 260 not grow sufficient foodgrains for the requirements of dam). its population and depends largely on imports for Wynaad 2 134'60 its l!lUstenance. There are large extents of unoccupied Kurumbranad .• 3 797·64 Kozhikode I 85·00 land, most of which consists of uncultivable b10cks of Erna

(g) Area cultivated with food and commercial 1949-50 which is 'the Jatest normal year for the district crops.-Coconut thrives in the alluvial soils of the are furnished in Annexure I. coast and is found in profusion in Ponnaoi, (h) Oommunications-(i) Roads.-There are roads Kurumbranad and Cochin taluks. It is also grown in leading to the South Kanara district, the Coorg State, the lower slopes of lateritic ground in the interior. the Mysore State, the United State of Travanuore The finest lands for cultivation of ginger are found in and Cochin and the districts of the Nilgiris and Ernad taluk. The peppervine flourishes best in the Coimbatore. The district has 2,224 miles of roads interior of Kottayam and ChirakkaI taluks. The consisting of 42 miles of National Highways, 330 nendra plantain tree is a fraq uent sight all over the miles of Provincial Highways, 811 miles of major district. Jack trees and arecanut gardens are found district roads, 389 miles of other district roadR, 448 in phmty. Tapioca is also widely cultivated in miles of village roads, eight miles of Public Works Kurumbranad, Kozhikode and Ernad taluks. Tea, Depa.rtment roads and 196 miIAB ofmunioipal roads. coffee, rubber and a little cinchona are the plantation crops of the distriot raised mainly in the taluks of Many of the rivers in the district flow into back­ Wynaad, Ernad and Kozhikode. In the Laccadives, waters along the coast whioh are linked up by artificial cooonut and some ja.ck and lime trees are grown. canals forming important means of communications:' There is one uninterrupted waterway from Kozhikode The chief food crop is paddy. Cholam, ragi, via Tirur in Ponnani taluk to places in the United samai and maize are culti vated in small extents. The State of Travancore and Cochin. particulars of area cultivated with food crops, pulses The talukwise distribution of the roads is given and commercial orops, and planta.tion crops for below:- National Provincial Major Othar Village P.W.D. MunieipaJ. Highways. Highways. District District :roads. roads. roads. Total. Name of taluk. roads. roads. )fILES. MILES. MILES. MILES. MILES. MIL1llS. MILI!S. MILES. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) Chirakkal 38 68 49 31 24 210 Kottayam 42 46 40 II 19 158 Wynaa.d 26 140 25 23 214 Kurumbra.nad 30 56 39 II 136 Kozhikode 50 28 40 50 70 238 Ema.d 67 142 30 67 306 Walluvanad 64 143 32 17 256 Ponnani 90 83 217 Palgha.t 42 13 98 90'" 155 8 67 473 Fort Cochin 16 16 Total 42 880 811 889 448 8 196 2,224 The condition of the roads in all taluks is generally " District increase-21'1 per cent_"-The Laooadive satisfactory. The communications in the district. are and Minicoy Islands have registered an increase of 14'9 not quite adequate except in Palghat taluk. In Ch1rak­ per cent though these are baokward and unatt.:. kal taluk, several new roads are under formation, ractive islands. In the main land, leaving out Wynaad taluk and the small taluk of Fort Cochin, which con­ (if) Railways,-The district has 178 miles of sists practically only of Fort Cochin Municipality, the broad gauge and 22-3/4 miles of metre gauge r~il~ay increase in the popUlation of the taluks has ranged of the Southern Railway, The broad gauge mam hne from 15'6 per c~nt in Ponnani to 26'9 per cent in from Madras to Mangalore traverses the taluks of Kozhikode. The hilly interior areas in Kozhikode, Palghat, the southern portion of Walluvanad taluk and Kurumbranad, Kottayam, Chirakkal, Ernad and the northern portion of Ponnani taluk and proceeds Walluvanad taluks, where there is considerable virgin along the coast in the taluks of Ernad, Kozhikode, land, have attraoted a large emigrant population fr' m Kurumbranad, Kottayam and Chirakkal_ Another Travancore-Cochin. In Wynaad taluk, there has been broad gauge line connects Co chin with Shoranur an increase of 59'2 per cent_ There is a colonization in WaUuvanad taluk on the main line. A metre gauge flchema hera and a large number of immigrants have line connects Olavakote on the main line with Pollachi settled down, The marked increase in Palgha.t taluk in Coimbatore district- (18-2 per cent) is partly attributable to the large influx of labourers to the major irrigation works such as the The Cochin harbour terminus station serves the Malampuzha Project, Cheramangalam Project, etc_ The out agencies at Alleppey, Chenganacheri, Kayangulam, increase in the northern taluks is larger than in the Kottayam (Travancore and Cochia) for parcels and southern taluks, mainly due to the fact that'the immi­ goods; Pattambi, Tirur and Ferok stations ~erve the gration into the northern taluks, especially to the out agencies at Perintalamanna, Ponnani and Ernad Wynaad taluk, has been on a larger scale than into respectively- the southern taluks as the former has vast areas of (iii) Posts and Telegraphs,-There is a depart­ undeveloped lands and the better communications and mental telegraph office at Kozhikode,_ There are 60 medical facilities have had a greater attraction for post and telegraph sub-offices, 43 non-combined sub­ immigrants. POt'lt offices and 770 brannh post office~ in the district. Their talukwise distribution is given below :- Another relevant fact is that since 1946, birth rates in Malabar have been much "higher than for the Ta.luk_ Branch Non-combined Post and post) offiees. Bub.post telegraph State as a whole while the death-rates have been offioes, sub.offices, distinctly lower than for the State as a whole, as will be seen from the figures given below:- Chirakkal 73 3 12 Kottayam 44 6 4 Madras State, 6 Malabar district. Wynaad 32 I Average for ,--_ __..A._~ Kurumbranad . , 104 5 2 r--"--., 7 Birth Death Birth Death Kozhikode 74 8 rate_ rate, rate_ rate_ Emad 98 2 8 Walluvanad 115 I 5 1941-45 32'8 24'6 29·67 23'99 Ponnani 120 9 7 Palghat lIO 8 9 1946 34-0 20-3 34·57 16'07 Total 770 43 60 1947 34-0 2("9 36·69 15·95 - 1948 32'3 18'7 35'96 15'51 II, (a) (i) Growth of population.-The particulars of 1949 32·3 17'4 35'04 14'21 popula.tion in the district and in each taluk in 1941 and 1951 and the percentage of variation are furnished The general conditions affeoting the growth of below:- population are similar in the Travancore-Cochin State Population. Percentage which is similarly situated on the west ooast_ It is Name of district and of Dot, therefore. surprising that that State shou1d have taluk, 1941, 1951. variation. shown a. simila.r high increase, viz., nearly 24·0 per Malabar district ., 3,929,425 4,758,342 21-1 oent for the 1941-51 decade. During the previous Chira.kkal ._ 445,423 534,890 20'1 decades both Cochin and Travancore States registered Kottayam 297,899 369,580 24-1 Wynaad 106,350 169,280 59·2 qUite a. large increase as may be seen from thd figures Kurumbranad 446,008 554,091 24-2 below.:- Kozhikode 406,839 516,372 26'9 Laooadive Islands 12,178 14'9 Ernad 5l5,851 ~. 19-1 State, 1921-30, 1931-40. Walluvanad 487,418 573,457 17-7 Ponnani 686,929 793,805 15-6 Coohin 23-1 IS'1 Palghat 495,634 585,651 18.2 Cochin 28,896 32,9'1 14'0 Travancore 27'2 17·1 The large incr6ase in Malabar district is also Medical institutions. Bed strength- partly attributable to the fall in emigration and to the rnad taJuk- return of emigrants on a large scale from Burma, 1 Government Hospital, Manjeri 45 Ceylon and Malaya." 2 Local Fuud Hospital, Nilambur 20 3 Local Fund Dispensary, Areacode 4 (Extracted from the Census Report, Part 1.) 4 Local Fund Dispensarv. Kalikavu ., . • . • 4 5 Local Fund Dispensary, Tirurangadi and Rural 8 Dispensaries at Kottapadi and Parappanangadi. (ii). Vital 8tatistics.-The particulars of births and deaths due to various causes in the district for Walluvanad taJuk.- thc decennium 1941_'50 .is furnished in Annexure II. 1 Local Fund Hospital, Perintalamanna. 22 2 Local Fund Dispensary, Mannarghat 2 The average birth rate was 32'0 per mille which 3 Local Fund Dispensary, Ottapalam . . • • 8 4 Local Fund Dispensary, Cherpuloherry and Rural 10 is about the average for the State during the decade. Dispensaries at Shoranur, Pattambi and Parur. The birth rates were low during the war years 1942-44 and have gradually inoreased thereafter. The average Ponnani taluk- death rate of 19'3 was less than that for the State 1 Government Hospital, Ponnani 30 2 Local Fund Hospital, Chowgbat. 30 (21·2) during the decade. Excepting for 1943, a 3 Local Fund Dispensary, Tirur 9 decline in the death rates is shown. In 1943 there was 4 Local Fund Dispensary, Trithala . . . . 4 an unprecedented epidemic of cholera cJaiming 5 Local Fund Dispensary, Valapad and Rural Dis. 10 pensaries at Andathode, Vadanapalli, Tanur and 28,432 deaths out of 28,874 deaths from cholera Kumbidi. recorded during the decade. The mortality from smallpox and fevers was less than t.he average for Palghat taluk- the State, while mortality from respiratory diseases, 1 Government Hospital, Palghat 150 2 Pl'imary Ce.o.tre, Koduvayur 6 dysentery and diarrhoea was about the normal for the 3 Primary Centre, Vadavannur 6 State. The maternal mortality rate showed a fall 4 Primary Centre, Kozhalmannam 6 5 Primary Centre, Kongad 6 from a rate of 6'2 jn 1941 to 4:8 per 1,000 births in 6 Primary Centre, Vadakanchery 6 1950. The infant mortality rate also showed a steady 7 Primary Centre, Elapulli .. 6 downward trend from 141'1 per 1,000 live births in 8 Local Fund Dispensary. Alathur 4 9 Local Fund Dispensary, Kollengode 4 1941 to 92'9 in 1951. 10 Local Fund Dispensary. Kannamira .. 2 11 Municipal Diilpensary, Palghat and Rural Dispen­ 2 (b) Medical relief-Arrangements.-A list of the saries, at Kottai, Parli, Koduvayur and Elapulli. medical institutions in the various taluks of the 12 P.W. Dispentlary, Malampuzha district and their bed strength is furnished below :- Islands- ~edical institutions. Bed Government Dispensaries Minicoy, Androtti, strength. Kavarathy and Kalpeni. Chirakkal taluk.- Fort Co chin- 1 Government. Hospital, Cannanore 120 Government Hospital, Fort Cochin 125 2 Local Fund Dispensary, Payyanur 4 3 Local Fund Dispensary Taliparamba and Rural 8 Dispensary at Cherukunnu. Leprosy clinics are attached to the Government Kot.tayam taluk.- and Local Fund Hospitals and Local Fund Dispen­ 1 Government Hospital, Tellicherry .. . . . • 88 saries. There is a leprosy hospital at Oherayar, 2 Loca.l Fund Dispensary, Kuthuparamba, Municipal 4 3 miles to the north-east of Kozhikode with 256 beds. Dispensary, Cha1il and Rural Dispensary at Mattanur. The Poor Home Society's Leprosy Home M Oherayar provides another 66 beds. Wynaad taluk- ) Government Hospital, Manantoddy 39 2 Government Hospital, Ambalavayal 4 There is a major and a minor X-ray set at the 3 Local Fund Hospital, Vyithiri 14 Government Headquarters Hospital at Kozhikode. 4 Local Fund Dispensary, Sultan's Battery and Rural 6 Dispensaries at Meppadi and Panamaram The Government Hospital at Fort Cochin has an X-ray department and a blood bank. Kurnmbranad taluk- 1 Govemment Hospital, Badagara 14 2 Local Fund Dispensary, Nadapuram 15 3 Local Fund Dispensal'Y, Qui I andy and Rural.. 6 (c) Water-supply and drainage arrangements.­ DispenBari~s at Kuttiandy, Perambra and Payyoli. There are no drainage arrangements in the district except in Kozhikode and Fort Cochin Municipalities Kozhikode taluk...:._ . 1 Govemment Headqu~rters Hospital, Kozikode 271 where there is open drainage. 2 Government Women and Children Hospital, . 180 Kozhikode. Rivers and wells are the chief sources of drinking 3 Local Fund Dispensary, 'l'amaracberi 6 4 Mu icipal Dispensaries. Kallai, Mankave, Kundun- water-supply in the district. There is protected water­ g!'I1, and Vellayil.. . supply in the municipaliti~s of Kozhikode and Fort 5 Infectious Diseases Hospital, Vellayil' . 60 6 Rural Dispensary, ~ramW?-~lam Cochin. '[

III Educational-in8t#utions.-This district leads in The number of drinking-wl:j.~e:r walls pr~vided by 'point"of geq,erai literacy, ·31 per cent of the population. Government in each taluk is ~pecified belQw ,- (41 per cent or males a:r:d ~1 per cent of females) Chirakkal (:1.0), Kottayam (25), Wynaad (24), being literates. . The P;1rtlculars of tlie uumbe: of Kurumbranad (36), I).ozhikoqe (41}) , Ernad (40). each claSs of educationa.l institutions in the varIOUS Wa.lluvanad (85), Ponn~ni (36) and Palghat (181)). taluks of the district and t~6 fltrength in them as on 31st March 1951 are furp~hed 1n Annexure Ill. (d) Fairs and FestivalB.-.Th~ fairs ~nd festivals in the various taluks of the dIstrIct are gIven below:- . , IV.lndustfy-Ci) Cottage and ,small-scale.-A state· Name of fair or festival. Period of occurrence. ment showing th~ pa.rticuiar,s of .the number of (1) (2) establishments of the. important ·cottage and sma.ll ()hirakkal taluk- . sca.les industries and the approximate ll:umber of 1 Trichambaran festival 5th to 19th ~arch. persons employed in them in each taluk is furnished 2 ~uthappan devan temple 2nd to 4th December. festival. ill Annexure IV. 3 Cherukunnu festival 12th to 18th February­ ~arch. (ii) Large-scale industries.-There are no large­ Kott.yam taluk- scale industries in the taluks of Kottayam, Ernad, 1 Kottiyoor festival 4th June to 4th July. 2 Jagannath temple festival 7 days'in February-March. Pormani and Cochin. The particulars of the number and kind of large-scale industries in the other Wynoad tsluk- 1 VaUurkavu festival 15th to 29th March. taluks and the number of persons employed in them are given below:- Kurwnbranad taluk- 1 Keezhur oattle fair 10th to 25th December. Number Number of 2 Oorkatteri cattle fair 25th January to 2nd Febru- Large-scale industries. of indus- persons ary. tries. employed. 3 Pisharikavu festival 25th to 31st March. 4 Manakkulangara festival 10th to 12th February. (I) (2) (3) 5 Chandramangala.m cattle fair. 16th to 19th February. 6 Kothamangalam oattle fair 15th to 19th December. Chirakkal taluk- Coffee curing works 1 190 Kozhikode taluk- Cashewnut industry 2 538 1 Kannadikkal cattle fair 21st to 29th December. Cotton spinning and weaving 10 2,756 2 Kootacheri Siva temple Knitting mills 6 517 festival. Saw mills 6 343 Plywood manufacture 2 304 Ernad taluk- Printing presses 6 108 1 Kondotti Nereha. 3 days in. February-March. ~atch fl1ctories 9 258 2 Nilambur Pattu 5 days in January. Bricks and tiles works 3 299 3 Malappuram Nercha 4 days in April. Tobacco-Beedi 51 2,015 Wallu van ad taluk- Tobacco-Ciu8.r 29 427 Handloom weaving 1 Pattambi Nercha .• 3 days in February. factories 203 8,235 2 PaTiyarampatta Pooram 2 days in February. 3 Chenakkathur Pooram W ynaad tsluk- 3 days in March. Tea factories 41MaDnarghat Pooram .. 5 days in February-March. 19 624 5~Angadipuram Pooram .. 11 days in April. 6 Pallikurup Utsava.m 6 days in December and Kurumbranad taluk- January. Weaving mills (handloom factories). 3 233 Pormani taluk- Kozhikode taluk- 1 Yahu Thangal Nercha 3 days in January-February. Animal oils and fats 1 45 2 Nochikkat Akaliars Neroha 4 days in February. Soap works 3 238 3 Triprangode Mahasivarathri .. 1 day in February-MBrch. Coffee curing works 2 363 4 Tirunavaya Aaatt 9 days in April. Cashewnut industry 1 926 5 Guruvayur Ekadasi 5 days in November. Spinning and weaving factories 17 1,913 6 Triprayar Ekadasi 3 days in November-Deoem- Knitting mills 2 280 bel'. Coil' factories 7 900 7 Manathala Palli Nercha 1 day in January. Umbrella manufacture 2 20,1 8 Guruvayur Utsavam _. 10 days in February-March. Furniture 5 349 9 Karuvarthala Bharani 2 days in February. Ssw mills 25 1,165 ~atch factories 11 622 Falghat taluk- Printing presses 1 Kodumba Car festival 12 392 3 days in February. Bricks and Tiles 11 4,032 2 Theruvath Palli Nercha 1 day in J anu'ary. General engineering 3 Koduva~ ur Car festival 6 402 8 r~ay8 in Deoember-January. Motor works 7 205 4 Kavasseri Pooram 1 day in March_April. Walluvanad taluk- 5 Kannambra Vela 1 day in May. General engineering 2 300 6 Kollengode Aratt .. I day in December-January. Match factories 7 Uthir8lIlsnd Hastham festival. 4 203 December: Bricks and tiles .. 3 207 Metal products 4 355 , (NOTE.-Every year there will be slight changes in the dates on Palghat taJuk- whioh the festiv81s take place. In cases in which dates are speci­ Coit' industry 5 2,293 ned above, they are the dates on which the festivals were Match works

Items oj generaZimportance.-Kozhikode, Palghat~ per cent of the colonists a.re ex-servicemen. Parti- Cannanore, Telliohery and Fort~Cochin are the munici~ oulars of oolonists so far sottled are :- palities in the district. There is a. Government Agricultural Research Station in pepper farming at Ex-servicemen 1,834 Taliparamba in Chirakkal taluk and another at Ex-tappers .. 5 Panniyur. Cochin is the most important port on the Political sufferer 1 west coast of India. south of Bombay. Most of the Landless civilians •• 6 trade of the west coast and tho adjoining districts of Ex-India.n NationalJArmy men. 3 Madras State and the United State of Travanoore and Aboriginals . . • .. •.• 251 Cochin pass through it. There is a harbour at Cochin Looal residents 750 and ships of medium draught could be berthed there. There is also a. naval establishment at Cochin. Total 2,850 W ynaad Colonization Scheme.-The area of the It will be possible to se~tle 2,521 servicemen and colony is roughly 53 square miles comprising 33,802 1,513 other categories of colonists, including those acres of land, lying in the four villages of Kindanga­ already settled. The colony has to be conducte'd on a nad, Noolpuzha, Nenmeni and Moopainad amsams of co-operative basis. Ea.ch colonist is given an a;rnount Wynaad tal uk. The Government have sanotioned the of Rs. 1,900 as nnanciaI assistance, ex-servicemen extension of the scheme to Chingeri village, where 3,238 from the P.W.s.R. Fund and other categories of acres of land are available for allotment to colonists. colonists from the Sta~ Government Fund. Th(:} Qontribution from the P.W.S.R. Fund is a grant to The different categories of persons that are being the ex-servicemen colonists. There is an agrioultural admitted to the colony are ex;-tappers, landless civilians farm and a. hospital attached to the c9lony at of Malabar, members of the Ex-I. N.A. Si:ltty-two Ambalavayal. •

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24. MAL4.BAR DISTRICT. ANNEXURE III. (Vide item III of the Introduction.) STATEMENT SHOWING THE PARTICULARS OF TBE VABIOUS KINDS OF EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN EACH TALUK OF THE DISTRICT AND THEIR STRENGTH AS ON 31ST MARCH 1951. Chitakkal. Kottayam. Winuad. Kurumbranad. "------, ,----___.__ Type of educational ~nstitution. Strength. Strength. Strength. Strength. No. A._~ • No. ~ No'. ~ No. r-~ Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girts.

1 College of A~ts and Soipnce. 1 509 III 2 Training College for Men. 3 Oriental College 4 Rural College 1 t>4 5 High School for Boys 8 4,:H:!; lS27 S !,046 838 2 338 li5 5 :!,688 399 6 High Sohool for Girlll 1 893 2 77 ],050 1 :H 323 7 Apgl0.Indian School ~ 329 270 .. 8 Training School for Boys .. 1 433 1 40 9 Training School for Girls .. 1 158 10 Training School for Girl" 1 23 (Anglo·lndilJ,(I.) 11 Basic Training School 1 1I6 80 12 Basic Trallllng School for Girls. 13 Oriental School 2 61 14 School for handic~pped children. 15 Middle School for Boys 2 45! 55 1 290 21 16 Middle School for Girls 17 Elementary School .. 485 39,440 27,989 451 22,865 19,033 93 5,862 2,973 553 41,,063 29.193 18 Basic School 13 1.347 1,065 7 177 144- 19 Adult School 9 192 20 360 14 379

Kozhikode...__ Ernad. Walluvanad. PonnJ,fil __.A.. "------. ,- ._A_ _ .._ _ •• ~ _, Type of educational institution. Strength. Strength. Strength. Strength. No. ~ No. No. ~ No. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys. Girls. Boys.r-----A-- Girls."

1 College of Arts and Science ::! 503 108 1 289 2 Training College for Men.

3 Oriental College I 44 1 34 6 I 15 3~ 4 Rura.l College 5 High School for Boys 7 5,229 523 9 2,972 674 8 3,289 676 14 4,833 1,742 6 High School for Girls 4 112 2,437 2 70 508 3 1.09(} 7 Anglo-Indian School I 90 235 8 Training School for Boys .. I 347 1 308 9 Training School for Girls .. 1 84 I 18 10 Training School for Girls (Anglo-India.n.) II Basic Tra.ining School 12 Basic Tra.ining School for 1 79 Girls.

13 Oriental School I 6 10 14 School for handicapped 1 28 children 15 Middle School for Boys 1 529 80 16 Middle School for Girls 17 Elementary Scbool 334 3:l.710 23,146 431 33.368 21,972 438 36.097 27,977 605 51,578 39,044- 18 B9.sic SOhO?I I 21 11 3 1.18 72 19 Adul~ School ·14 289 n 323 19 463 114 22 179 Ii Malabar-2A 11

24. MALABAR DISTRICT. ANNEXURE In-cont.

8TAT]!:MENT SIlO W!!iG THl'l PAR~IOULARS 0:1' TIIJil VAlUOUS KINDS OF EnUOA'l'IONAL INSTITUTIONS IN EACH TALUX OF TlIlI: DIS'l'BICT AND TlUlIR STRENGTH AS ON 31ST MABOH 1951--com.

Palghat. Fort Cachin. Total• ,- ...... r-----A-.------, 'l'ype of edUCB.tional institution. Strength. Strength. Strength. No, No. No. Boys. Girls. Boy•. Girls. Boys. Girls. 1 College of Arts and Science " 1 1.038 108 5 2,339 327 2 Training College for Men. I 59 22 1 59 22 3 Oriental College .. 1 3 1 4 96 39 '" Bural College 1 6. i High School fOr Boys 15 6,152 1.509 2 635 71 78 34,694: 7.324 • lJigh Sohool for Girls 2 66 89% I - 277 16 341) 7.470 7 Anglo-Indian School 3 368 396 6 787 900 • Training School for Boys 2 180 90 6 I,lOS 90 t Training School for Girls. I 45 4 36.5 10 Training School for Girls 1 23 (Anglo.Indian. ) 11 Basic Training School •• 1 80 3 276 12 Basic Trai,ling Sohool for 1 79 Girls. 13 Oriental School 1 59 8 4 126 18 14 Sohool for handicapped I 28 children. 15 Middle School for Boys ! 197 108 6 1,470 !64 16 Middle School for Girls I 51 1 23 248 2 23 299 17 Elementary School 271 31,492 19.238 19 2.307 2.089 3,680 300,782 213,154 18 ~asic School .. 7 339 %65 31 2,002 1,557 19 Adult School lJ 416 II 121 2,601 133

NOTll- 1. CoUegelJof Aria and Science: Kttyam Taluk (1)-a.t Tellichery ; 7. Anglo-Indian Schools; Ohi,.tSkkal Taluk (2)-at Cannanore: Kozhikode Tiiluk (2)-a.t Kozhikode·2; Ernad Taluk (1)­ Ko~kikod6 Talu1e (I)-at Kozhikode; Fort Cochin Taluk at Feroke ; Palghat Taluk {I)-at Palghat. (3}-at Fort Cachin. :I. Training College: Kozhikod. TaluTe (I)-at Kozhikode. 8. Training 8clwoZs (Ordinary) for Boys: Ckirakkal Tal"k 3. Oriental Oolleges (for Bluely in Arabic) : Ernad TaluTe (1)­ (I)-a.t Cannanore ; Kottayam Taluk (I)-at Tellicherry; at Feroke; @(Jor study in SanBkrit): WalltWanad Taluk (1) 1:(o2hiMde Taluk (I)-at Kozhikode ; Earnad Taluk (1)­ -at Pattambi; Ponnani TaZuk (I)-a.t Pavarthi ; Palgha,t at MaJappuram; Palghat Taluk (2)-KoUengode-1 and Taluk Kadachira-I ; Kotta'Jj(Jm (I)-at Koduvayur. TaZuk (S)-at Tellicherry.4, Kadirur-l, Kuthuparamba.l. KoodaJi·l and Mabe-l ; Wynaad Taluk (2)-at 10. Praini"y School (Girls) Anglo-Indian: Ohirakkal Talulc (l)­ Mana.ntoddy-I and Kalpatta-l; KU1'Umbranad Taluk (D). at Cannanore. -at Maodapally-l (for Fisheries Technology), Quialndy-I, Badagara-I, Puraneri-l and Perambra-I ; Kozhikode'l'aluk n. Bask Training Schools for BOY8 : Kottagam TaZuk (l)-at (7)-at Kozhikode-6 and Elattur.l; Ernad Taluk (9)-at Palayad; Kurumln-anad Taluk (I)-at Badagara; Palghat 'Mala.ppuram-l; Feroke-l, Nilambur-l, Ma.njeri-l, Taluk (I)-at Palgha.t. Wandoor-I, P80rappanangadi-l, Kottakkal.l, Chaliyam-I 12. Baric Training Schools for Girls: Palghat Taluk (I)-at and Mora}u.r-l; Walluf1anad Talu!.: (8)-Perintalmanna.l Palghat. Cherpalcherry-l. Shoranur-l, Pattarobi·l, Ottapa1em-I, Katampazhipul'am-I, Ma.nnarghat-l and VaUapuzha.l; 13. Oriental School (for study in Sanskrit); Kurambranad Taluk (~) Ponnani Taluk (14)-at Ponnani-2. Engandigur-2. -at Vattoli-l and Badagara-l; Walluvanad Taluk (1)­ Chowghat.l, Val80pad-l, KUIDaranellore-l, Chitamur.l, at Lakkiti; Palghat TaZuk (I)-at Mondur. Pa,vllrathi.l, Mokathala-l, Peringana.ro -}, Mllllaseri-l, 14. School Jor handicapped Ohildren (deaf mut(8) ; Walluvanad Tiruru-l and Tirunavaya-I; Palgkat Taluk (15)-a.t Tal'IJlc (I)-at Chunangad. Palghat-4, Elapulli-l Patheripa,la-l, Kottayi·I, Kodu· vayur.l, Alathur-I, Ayya,kkad.l Kollengode-l, Puthucode-l, Chitta.lancberry·l and Kera.laasery-l, P80rli·1 : Fort Goohin In addition to the above the following institutions ha.ve Taluk (2)-at Fort Cochin-2. been recently opened :- ~. High Sohools for Girl$: Chirokkal Taluk (I )-at Cannanore : Kottayam TaZuk (2)-at Tellecherry-2.: Kurumb ,.cmad High Schoob: Wynaad Taluk (l)-Sultan's Battery; . TaZuk (l}-at Bt\d80ga.r~ KQzhikode Taluk (-i)-at. Kozhi. Kozhikode Taluk (I )-at B6ypore; waUuvanad Tal-uk kqde; WaUuvanad TaIuTe (2)-at Ottapalem-I and (3}-at Vaniyankular:n-l. Chtln8.ngad·1 and Anangana.d.i-l; Shoranur.l; Ponnani Taluk {3}-at Tirur-l, Marnmiyur-l Ponnani Taluk (l)--at Pana.ngad. and Pa-varathi-l ; Palghat Taluk (2)-iIot Palgha.t-l And AlathOQr-I; Yon Oochin Talul: (l)-at Fort Cochin. The" Perur S~nam" is in Walluvanad Taluk. 13 24. MALABAR DISTRICT. ANNEXURE IV. [Vide item IV of the Introduotion.) SI'ATEHENT SHOWING THE PARrrOULARS OF THE NUMBER OF THE IMPORTANT CoTTAGE AND SMALL. SCALE INDUSTRms AND THl!: APPROXIMATE NUMBER OF PERSONS ElIIPLOYED IN THEM IN EAOH TALUX OF THE DISTRICT. Nature of industry. Chirakkal. Kottayam. Wynaad. Kurumbranad. Rozhikode. ~--.. r-~ ,.-_-A.__, ~ ..---.A.~ (i) (ii) (i) (ii) (i) (ii) (i) (ii) (i) (ii) Cotton spinning, sizing and weaving. 1,343 5,139 646 2.721 1,149 7,092 348 821 Rope making .. 62 387 50 236 209 906 U6 1,392 Mat weaving .. 135 333 14 45 177 292 Manufacture of,da.iry products 58 201 2 I) 11 22 Fish preservation 28 170 5 14 49 IS8 3 6 Vegetable oil pressing 458 1,287 169 584 201 254 1~8 480 Manu~aoture ofbeedies 107 408 75 185 9 30 81 183 134 374 Umbrella. maki:J;lg 16 62 9 22 Cohblery and toot-wear 8 20 7 20 45 Other leather works .• 1 4, 19 35 Copper, brds and bell·metal 68 251 9 26 10 28 16 52 22 67 works. Boat making .• 1 9 Coach building and 1;ransport 2 5 5 14 equipment. ~oap manufacture 1 2 3 7 1 2 8 36 Pottery 338 1,078 125 314 1 2 171 278 38 107 Basket making 18 5'1 5 26 85 230 13 53 Furniture making I) 9 11 34 6 18 33 120 Medica.] and pharmaceutical prepa.­ 6 16 13 23 ]5 6 14 19 40 rations manufacture. Manufacture of perfumes 2 9 2 6 (}ur manufacture

Laccadive a.nd Nature of industry. Amindivi Erna.d. Walluvanad. Ponnani and Palghat. Islands. Fort Cochin. ,.-----Jo-~ ,----"---, r--...A.-.--, ,----" 1 r-_"'___-, (i) eii) (i) (ii) (i) (ii) (i) (ii) (i) (ii) Cotton spinning, sizing and weaving. 463 1.756 598 1,346 222 735 2.191 7,172 Rope making .. 989 2,804' 7 27 4Jl 1,874 81 228 Mat weaving ., 3 13 18 22 lIS 282 135 321 Manufacture of dairy products 2 4: Fish preservation 76 180 11 68 59 238 Vegetable oil pressing 82 202 16 37 168 590 74 205 Manufacture of beedies 238 755 llO 365 2" 762 140 500 Umbrella making 34 179 245 1,284 -Cobblery and foot-wea.r 11 27 2 7 8 22 17 82 Oth~r leather works .• Copper, brass and bell· metal 24 69 20 69 75 301 110 336 works. Boat ma.king .. Coach building and transport 1 2 2 8 equipment. Soap manufacture 1 2 3 17 7 31 Pottery 169 580 67 273 71 267 357 1,330 Basket making 59 183 118 428 148 618 434 1,650 Furniture making •• 3 9 Medical and pharmaceutical prepa· 37 1 4 ra.tions manufacture. Manufacture of perfumes Gur manufacture 154 355 2,252 10,011 NOTE.-Subdivision.g-(i) Number of estab:I.ishments. " (ii) Number of persons employed in them. 24. MALABAR DISTRICT. PART I Section (i) A-GENERAL POPULATION TABLES. A-I-Area, Houses and Population.

This table shows fat the rural and urban areas of each 3. " Village" is the revenue administrative unit within taluk and for the district, the area, the number of inhabited defined boundaries. This table gives particulars in villages and towns, occupied houses and the total popula­ respect of all villages containing one or more groups of tion with distribution by sex. habitations. Villages "with no habitations are not jncluded in this table. 2. The district area shown in column (2) of this table is that supplied by the Surveyor-General of India. Area 4. "Town" is a place of usually not less thau, 5,000 figures furnished by the Central Survey Office. Madras, inhabitants, possessing distinct urbah characterif'ltics. have been adopted for thE' taluks. The total area of the Cantouments have been treated as forming part of the towns taluks as furnished by the Central Survey Office. Madras, in which they are situated. shown within brackets in cDlumn (2) differs from tht area 5. "House" .-Every dwelling with a separate main of the district furnished by the Surveyor-General. entrance has been treated as a house for Census purposes.

Number of Occupied Houses. Population. Aroo.in inhabitDd. ___...______, ~. -.... Taluk. sq. miles. r------""---~ Total. Rural. Urban. PersonfO. Villages. Towns. ,------, Total. Rural. Urban. (I) (2} (3) (4) (.3) (6) (7) (8) (9) (IOJ

Chirakkai 688 244 1 80,825 7.5.251 5.274 534,8!)0 492,459 42,431 Kottayam 484 198 I 55,352 1)0,776 4,576 369,580 329,540 40,040 Wynaad 821 34 30,204 30,2f14 169,280 161),280 Kurumbranad 506 250 2 92,092 84,970 7,122 554,091 504,126 49,965 Kozhikode and L60ccadive 380 156 1 81.703 62,505 19.198 530,364 ;)71,640 158,724 Islands. Ernad 978 !l2 2 100,945 96,270 4,675 614,283 584,463 .29,820 Wa,Uuvanad 873 282 2 97,346 92,118 5,228 573,457 539,166 3i,291 Po nn ani 427 117 3 1:?5,590 119,070 6,520 793,805" 740,486 53,319 Couhin 2 1 I 3,955 456 3,499 32,941 3,060 29,8S1 Palghat 64:3 121 1 89.274 82,214 7,060 585.651 516,147 69,504- 5.844 District Total (5.802) 1,495 14 756,986 693,834 63.152 4.758,842 4,250,361 507,975

Populati~-cont. "_------" -, Males. Fema.les. r- ~ r- --A..-. Taluk. Tot-al. Rural. U]·ban. Total Rural. Urh9.l'1. (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16)

ChirlLkkal 258,45~ 237,766 20,692 276,432 254,693 21,739 Kott.ayam 177.(;96 158,336 19,36(1 191,884 171.204- 20,680 \Vynaad 92,099 92.099 77,181 77,181 Kurumh~anad 272,205 247,698 24,507 281,886 256,428 25,4n8 Kozhikode and La.ccadive 264,975 184,906 80,069 265,389 186,734 78,655 Islu.nds. Ernad 301,388 286,585 14,803 312,895 297,878 15,017 Walluvauad Z74,428 257,923 16,5G5 299,029 281,243 17.786 Ponnftni 376,005 350,078 25,927 417,8()f) 390,408 27.392 Cochin 16,570 1,518 15,052 16,371 1,542 14,829 Palgbat 280,660 246,131 34.529 304,991 270,M6 34.975 District Total 2,814,484 2,063,040 251,444 2,448,858 2,187,321 258,581 15 24. MALABAR DIS:rJUCT.

A~II-Variation in Population during fifty years. This table compares the population of the district and 2. The main territorial changes that occurred during t.he of each taluk in the district as ascertained at the Census declLde are- of 1951 with the corresponding figures of the five previous The villages of Peruvemba, Palathulu, Panyar, censuses. The figures recorded at the previous censuses have Koodalur, Elavancherri, Elapully and Theneri and a been adjusted for subsequent territorial changes, if any, in portion of Vadavannur amsam were transferred to the United State of Travancore and Cochin. Portions of ol'der to afford a correct basis for comparison. The adjusted Chittoor village and NallipuIli, Tatamangalam and ,figures show the population of taluks and the district as Vallangi Villages which were attached to the United constituted at present. State of Travancore and Cochin were transferred t::> this district.

Taluk. Parsons. ~et, Val'iation. variation jlfales. ] 901 -.51. Variation. Femaletl. Variation. (1) (~) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) 1 Kozhikode and laccadive 1901 265,886 Islands. 132,679 133,207 1911 281,632 15,746 140,00.3 7,324 141,629 1921 300,211 18,579 8,422 149,084 9,081 151,127 1931 358,555 58,344 9,498 178,757 29,673 179,798 19~1 419,017 60,462 29,671 207.800 29.043 1951 530,364 211,217 31,419 111.347 264,478 264,975 .'')7,175 265,389 .54,172 ~ Chirakkal " 1901 320,107 154,573 165,534 1911 338,579 18,472 1921 162,456 7,883 176,123 346,395 7,816 10,589 163,690 1,234 182,70-5 1931 398,972 i'i2,577 6,582 ]90,112 26,422 208,860 1941 445,423 46,451 26,155 212,088 21,976 1951 534,890 233,335 24,47:; 89,467 :?I4,783 2l;8,458 46,370 276,432 43,097 3 Cochin J901 21,042 11,028 19H 21,741 10,014 699 11,677 1921 649 10,064 22,417 676 .'>0 12,139 462 '10,278 1931 24,977 2,560 2]4 13,022 883 1941 28,896 11,955 1,677 3,919 14,790 1951 1,768 14,106 2,151 32,941 4,045 1l,899 16,570 1,780 16,371 4 Entad :],265 1901 367,142 177,506 179,636 1911 392,607 35,465 194,794 17,288 197,813 1921 401,101 8,494 18,] 77 198,125 3,331 202,976 1931 455,980 54,879 5,163 223,517 25,392 1941 515,851 232,463 29,487 59,871 253,764 1951 30,247 262,087 614.283 98,432 257,14] 29,624 301 ..388 :1-7,624 .312,895 5 Kottayam .. 50,808 1901 209,516 102,505 107,011 19lI 226,682 17,166 109,491 6,986 117,191 1921 232,285 5,603 10,180 109,105 - 386 123,180 1931 263,743 31,458 5,989 124,566 15,461 139,177 1941 297,899 34,156 15,9fJ7 140,125 11>,559 157,774 1951 369,580 71,681 18,597 160,064 177,696 37,571 6 Kurumbranad 191.884 34,110 1901 327,310 162,467 164.843 19B 353,983 26,673 174,5,33 12,066 179,450 1921 356,907 2,924 14,607 173,398 - 1,135 1931 413,758 183,509 4,059 56,851 201,59.3 )94-1 28,195 212,165 446,008 32,250 28,656 215,731 14,138 230,277 1951 554,091 108,083 18,1I2 226,78) 272,205 56,474 281,886 51,609 16

24. MALABAR DISTRICT.

A-U-Variation In Population during Hfty years.

Net Taluk. Persons. Variation. variation MQlu. Variation. Female8. Variat;ion. 1901-51.

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6~ ('1) (8) 7 Palghat 1901 390,098 189,217 200,881 1911 414,009 23.911 198,691 9,474 215,318 14,437 1921 42'1,015 13,006 205,283 6,592 221,732 6.4:14 1931 463,888 36,868 222,345 17,062 241,538 19,806 1941 495,684 31,751 237,654 15,309 257,980 16,442 1951 585,651 90,017 195,553 280,660 43.006 304,991 47,Oll

8 'Ponnani 1901 478,376 237,130 241,246 1911 529,383 5],007 Z62.441 25,31I 266,942 25,696 1921 533,252 3,869 260,654 - 1,787 272,598 5,656 1931 626,470 93,218 301,605 40,951 324,865 52,267 1941 686,929 60,459 326,984 25,379 359,945 35,080 1951 793,805 106,876 315,429 3'16,005 49,021 417,800 57,855

, Walluvanad 1901 351,112 172,888 178,224 1911 373,934 22,822 183,033 10,14!) 190,901 12,677 1921 394.517 ~O,583 191,781 8.748 202,736 II,835 1931 435,837 41,320 209.744 17,963 226,093 23,35'1 1941 487,418 51,581 234,516 24,772 252,902 26,809 1951 5'13,457 86,039 222,345 274,428 39.912 299,029 46,127

10 Wynaad 1901 75,149 41,63Z 33,517 1911 82,549 7,400 4$,489 3.857 37,060 3,563 1921 84.771 2.222 47,4'13 1,984 3'1,298 238 1931 91,769 6.998 1)0,877 3,404 40,892 3,594 1941 t06,350 14:,581 67,952 7,075 48,398 7,50ft 1951 16',280 62,930 94,131 92.099 34,147 77,181 28.783

Dis'dct Total .. 1901 2.795,738 1.381,625 1.414,113 1911 3,015,099 219,361 1,482,608 100,983 1,632,491 118.378 1921 3,098,871 83,772 1,510,732 28,124 1,588.139 55,648 1931 3,533,944 435,073 1,715,138 205,406 1,817,806 229,687 1941 3,929.425 395,481 1,901,404 185,266 2,028,021 210,a15 1951 4,758,342 828,917 1.962,604 2,311:.484 413,080 2.443.858 415.837 17 24. MALABAR DISTRICT. A-m-Towns and Villages elassifted by 'Population. This table shows the total number of inhabited towns and (3) Towns and villages with population of 10,000 and village~ in each taluk of the district distributed OD, popula­ above- tion basis under three main heads with sub-heads under each as follows :- (a) With population of 10,000 to 20,000. (1) Towns and 'Villages with less than 2,000 popula. (b) With population of 20,000 to 50,000. tion :- (c) (a) Population with less than 500. With population of 50,000 to 100,000. (b) Population between 500 and I,OQO. (d) With population of 100,000 and above. (c) Population between 1,000 and 2,000. (2) Towns and villages with population of 2,000 to 10,000- . II. For definition of " Town" and "Village" see (a) With population of 2,000 to 5,000. fly-leaf to Table A.I. (b) With population of 5,000 to 10,000. Towns and villages with less than Tot.al population. 2,000 population. Total num· ~ berof Persons. Males. Females. Total. Taluk. inhabited towns and Number. Males. Femalea. villages. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) 1 Chirakkal 245 534,890 258,458 276,432 182 73,198 77,471

~ Kottayam 199 369,580 177,696 191,884 162 63,748 67,315 3, Wynaad 34 169,280 92,099 77,181 16 10,521 9,316 4 Kurumbranad 252 554,091 272,205 281,886 179 78,878 80,512 5· Kozhikode, and Laooa. 157 530,364 264,975 265,389 98 46,425 47,964 , , dive Islands. 6 Ernad 94 614,283 301,388 312,895 1 737 744 . 7 WaUuva.nad 284 573,457 274,428 299,029 196 99,549 108,706 8 Ponnani •• 120 793,805 376,005 417,800 9 Coohin 2 32,941 16,570 16,371 10 Palghat .. 122 585,651 280,660 304,991 43 23,881 26,724- , District Total 1,509 4,758,342 2,314,484 2,443,858 877 396,987 418,75a

Towns and villages with less than 2,000 populat.ion-'-Cont. Less than 500. 500-1,000. 1,000--2,000.. • l- Taluk. Number. Males. Females. Number. Males. Females. Number. Males. Females. (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17)

I Chirakkal 60 10,006 10,520 63 23,038 24,307 59 40,154 42,644 2 Kottayam 52 7,885 8,241 58 20,211 21,272 52 35,652• 37,802' 3 Wynaad 1 258 235 5 1,968 1.771 10 8,295 7,310- .4 Kurumbranoo 41 6,397 6,444 71 25.232 26,305 67 47,249 47,763 .5 Kozhikode and Laoca. 22 3,514 3,682 31 11,553 11,970 45 31,408 32,312' dive Islands. 6Emad 1 737 744- 7 waJIuvanoo 35 5,580 6,059 60 21,919 23,717 101 72,050 78,930- 8 Ponna.ni 9 Cochin .• 10 Palghat •• 6 1,132 1,170 13 4,923 5,544 24 17,826 20.016- District 'l'otal 217 84,772 36.351 301 108.844 114.886 359 258,371 267.515- Malabar-3 18

24. MALABAR DISTRICT. A-III-Towns and Villages classified by Population.

Towns and villages with a population of 2,000--10,000. ,- Total. 2,000-5,000. 5,000-10,000.

Taluk. Number. 1\1ales. Females. Number. Males. FeIllales. Nwnber. Males. Females. (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) (23) (24) (25) (26)

1 Chirakkal 55 110,496 llR,!')27 40 58,640 62,445 15 51,B56 56,082 2 Kottaya.m 33 56,33! 61,003 27 38,653 41,952 6 17,681 19.051 3 Wynaa,d 15 44,391 37,855 8 14,959 12,797 7 29,432 2ii.058 <4 Kurumbranad 62 102,735 107,009 53 74,882 77,976 9 27,853 29,033 5 Kozhikode and Lacca- 54 101,497 102,582 44 64,951 67,091 10 36,546 35,491 dive fslanrls. 6 Ernad 82 231,712 241,416 3.) (3:,888 65,140 52 169.824 176,276 7 \Valluvanlld 83 140,726 154,438 67 9.3,890 103,607 16 46,836 50,831 8 Ponnani 107 289,671 320,1l7 38 74,751 81,804 69 214,920 238,313 9 Cochin 1 1,518 1,542 1 1,518 1,542 10 Palghat 68 146,245 161,490 48 77.136 85,571 20 69,089 75,919 District Total 560 1,225,325 1,305,979 356 561,288 599,925 204 664,037 706,054

Towns anQ village8 with a population of 10,000 aur! above.

Total. 10,000-20,000. 20,000-50,000. r- _,A._ Taluk. Number. Males. Females. Number. Males. Females. Number. Males. Females. (27) (28) (29) (30) (31) (32) (33) (34) (35)

1 Chira.k~al 8 74,764, 80,434 6 40,545 43,085 2 34,219 37,349 2 Kottayam 4 57,614 63,566 1 6,084 6,951 3 51,530 56,615 3 Wynaad 3 37,187 30,010 1 10,627 8,585 2 26,560 21,425 4 Kurumbranad 11 90,592 94,365 8 54,902 58,546 3 35,690 35,B19 .5 Ko:z;hikode and Lanoa- 5 117,O03 114,843 2 11,933 11,344 2 25,001 24,844 dive Islands. 6 Ernad II 68,939 70,735 10 56,581 58,612 1 12,358 12,123 7 Walluvanad 5 34,153 35,885 4: 23,342 24,001 1 10,81I 11,884 8 Ponnani 13 86,334 97,683 12 75,051 85,360 1 11,283 12,323 9 Cochin 1 15,052 14,829 1 15,052 14,829 10 Palghat 11 110,534 116,777 7 45,692 49,295 3 30,313 32,507 District Total 72 692,172 719,127 51 324,757 345,779 19 252,817 259,718

Towns and villages with Q population of 10,uOO and abov~ont.

50,000-100,000. 100,000 and above.

TaJuk. Number. Males. Females. Number. Males. Females. (36) (37) (38) (39) (40) l4l) 1 Chirak.ka.l 2 Kottayam 3 Wynaad 4, Kurumbranad .5 Kozhikode and La.ooa- 1 80,069 78,655 dive I~lands. 6 Ernad 7 WaUuvanad 8 Ponn.a.ni 9 Cochin .- 10 Palgbat ... 1 34,529 34,975

Disttiei Total 1 34,529 34,975 1 80,069 78,865 19

24. MALABAR DISTRICT•

. A-IV-Cities and Towns classitled by Population with variations since 1901.

This table shows the population and distribution of Class. Limits of population. sex of cities and towns of the district at each of the last six enumerations. IV 10,000 to 20,000. V 5,000 to 10,000. 2. The following towns have been treated as cities for the VI Under 5,000. 1951 Census :- (1) Kozhikode. 4. Where possible, the former population of places treated for the first time as towns in 1941 and at this (2) Palghat. census, has been extl'acted from Village Statistics. Where­ 3. The cities and towns have been arranged in this table this could not be done, the columns have been left blank. according to their population in 1951 under the following six classes :- 5. The population of towns for previous censuses are those then recorded. No adjustments have been made Class. Limits 01 population.. . for intervening 'changes in area. . I 100,000 and over. 6. Municipality, Panchayat and Cantonment are indi. II 50,000 to 100,000. cated by the use of the letters (M), (P), (C), respectively III 20,000 to 50,000. within brackets.

Net Town•• Taluk. Persons. Varia. variation Males. Varia. Female~. Varia_ tion. 1901-51. tion. (1) tiOD. (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) OIa88 I. "Kozhikode (M) Kozhikode 1901 76,981 ·. 39,986 36,995 1911 78,417 1,436 40,680 694 ·3'1,737 742 1921 82,334 3,917 42,52'1 1931 1,847 39,80'1 2,07() 99,273 16,939 61,030 8,503 1941 126,352 27,079 48,2!18 8,436 68,998 12,9138 62,3M: 1951 158,724 32,372 81,743 14,111 80,069 16,Oil 78,655 16,301 Olas. II. Palghat (M) Palghat . . · . 1901 44,177 21,6'13 1911 44,319 . '22,504 142 21,776 103 22,.';43 1921 45,487 1,168 22,619 39 1931 843 22,868 325 49,064, 3,577 24,234 1.615 1941 55,160 6,096 24,830 1,962 26,9'15 ·2,741 28,186 1951 69,504 14,344 25,327 3,355 34,529 7,554 84,911i 6,79() OlassIII. Cannanore (MC) Chirakkal .. 1901 27,811 13,711 1911 28,957 1,146 14,100 14,241 530 14,716 1921 27,705 1,252 13,159 ft16 1931 1,082 14,546 34,236 6,531 16,934 3,775 - 170 1941 34,649 413 17,302 2,756 16,5'13 - 361 18,0'16 1951 42,431 7,782 14,620 20,692 774 4,119 21,739 3,663: Tellicherry (M) .. .. Kottayam .. · .... 1901 27,888- 13,657 191.1- 29,258- 1,375 14,226 14,275 618 14,983 192.]" 27,571. - 1,682 13,090 757 1931 1,185 14,486 497 80,349 2,773 14,211 1,121 1941 86,320 5,971 16,138 1,652: 18,580 4,369 1'I,'l40 1951 40,040 3,720 12,157 . 19,360 1,'i02 780 20,680 2,94() Port Cochin (M) Cochin .. 1901 19,274- 10,385 1911 20,023 749 8,939 10,'161, 429 9,259 1921 20,637 614 11,222 32() 1931 458 9,415 156 22,818 2,181 11,950 728 1941 26,320 3,502 10,868 1,45:t 13,49'1 1,547 12,823 1951 29,881 3,561 10.607 1,955 15,052 1,555 14,829 2,0()6. Panthalayini (P) Kurumbranad 1901· . 4,658 2,2'11, 1911 4,730 74 2,382 2,271 -3 2,459 1921 4,959 229 2,369 77 1931 98 2,590 .131 5,656 697 2,650 281 1941' 12,713 7,0.')7 3,006 41-6 6,125 3,475 6,588 1951 29,001 16',288 24,345 14,016 3,582 7,891 14,985 8,39'1 Malaba.r-3A 14. MALABAR DISTRICT.

A-IV-Oities and ToWIll elassifted by Population with variations since 1901.

Towns. Taluk. Net Persons. Varia. variation tion. Males. Varia. li'emalu. 1901-51. tion. Varia- (1) (2) tion. (3) (4) Olflu lil-cont. (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) Ponnani (P) .. Ponnani 1901 10,562 5,281 1911 13,984 3,422 5,281 1921 13,345 6,880 1,579 - 639 8,536 7,124 1,~43 1931 16,210 2,865 - 324 6,809 1941 17,838 7,837 1,301 - 315 1,628 8,485 8,373 1,564 1951 23,606 5,768 648 9,353 Ottapalam (P) 13,044 11,283 2,798 980 - Walluvanad 1901 12,328 2,970 - 19l1 5,458 1921 - 2,978 6,119 - 2,480 661 3,262 1931 6,984 865 284 2,857 1941 8,281 3,523 261 377 1,297 4,152 3,461 604 1951 22,695 14,414 629 4,129 10.811 6,659 668 11,884 7,755 Badagara (P) Kurwnbranad 1901 11,319 - 5,886 1911 11,149 170 5,433 1921 9,804 5,707 - 179 1,345 4,975 5,442 9 1931 11,259 1,455 - 732 4,829 1941 17,924 5,756 781 - 613 6,665 8,944 5,503 674 1951 20,964 3,040 3,188 8,980 9,645 10,491 1,547 3,477 Class IV. 10,473 1,493 Feroke (P) .. Ernad •• 1901 9,U1 4,558 1911 9,845 734 4,5li3 1921 11,158 4,879 321 1,3U 5,733 4,966 413 1931 13,785 2,629 854 5,423 1941 6,931 1,198 457 6,249 7,536 6,85(1 1,431 1951 19,463 3,070 3,861 13,214 10,352 9,761 3,179 3,675 Tanur (P) .. Ponnani 6,691 9,702 1901 7,152 6,523 1911 8,409 3,622 1,257 4,198 3,530 1921 8,191 - 218 576 4,211 1931 4,042 - 156 681 9,217 1,026 4,149 -62 1941 9,&10 4,419 377 153 4,503 4,798 649 1951 17,888 8,513 84 4,867 10,731 8,752 4,249 69 9,131 4,264 Tirukandayur (P) Ponnani .. 1901 1,629 806 1911 1,972 343 823 1921 a,092 998 192 120 1,046 974 151 1931 8,232 6,140 48 1,046 1941 9,489 4,089 3,043 72 1,257 4,687 4,143 3,097 1951 11,830 2,341 578 4,822 Shoranur (P) WaUuvanad _ 10,201 5,892 1,225 679 - 1901 5,938 1,1I6 - - 1911 1921 -- - - 1931 - - 1941 8,587- - - - 4,231 1951 11,596 - 4,358 3,009 - - 5,694 1,463 5,902 1,546 Jlanjeri (P) .. Ernad - 1901 3,310 1,851 1911 3,934 624 1,659 1921 4,400 1,985 334 466 2,176 1,919 290 1931 7,258 2,858 191 2,224 1941 5,547 3,554 1,378 275 1,711 2,735 3,704 1,480 1951 10,357 4,810 - 819 2,812 7,047 5,042 2,3@7 - 892 6,31$ 2,503 District Total .. 1901 218,007 110,529 1911 284,516 ... 107,478 16,509 118,601 1921 235,079 7.972 116,016 563 118,170 8,537 1931 272,426 - 331 116,909 37,347 136,3'11 894 1941 ' 374.799 18,201 136,066 102,373 186,636 19,146 1951 50,184 188,264 507,975 133,176 289,968 52,209 261,444 64.908 266,631 88,287 21

24. MALABAR DISTRICT.

A-V-Towns arranged talukwise wit~ Population by Livelihood Classes.

This table shows the analysis of the Urban population in (ii) Non-Ag'l'icuUuralOlasse8. towns by Livelihood Classes, instead of by communities as Persons (including dependants) who derive their in the previous Censuses. principal means of livelihood from- 2. Under the Indian Census Economic Classification V. Production (other than cultivation). .scheme, the people have been divided into two broad liveli. VI. Commerce. hood categories, 'viz., the Agricultural Classes and the VII. Transport. Non-a.gricultural Classes. There are four Agricultural VIII. Other services and miscellaneous sources. ~lasses and four Non-Agricultural Classes as shown below:- 3. In this table the figures for the Agricultural Livelihood (i) Agricultural Glasses. classes r to III are not given separately but have been clubbed together. I. Cultivators of land wholly or mainly owned and their dependants. 4. The towns in each taluk of the district are arranged in the order of their population as in Table A-IV. II. Cultivators of land wholly or mainly unowned and their dependants. 5. Municipality, Panchayat and Cantonment are indi. cated by the use of the letters (M), (P), (C), respectively. III. Cultivating labourers and their dependants. within brackets. IV. Non-cultivating owners of land, agricultural 6. For the definition of a " Town ,. see fly. leaf to Table rent.receivers, and their dependants. A-I.

Livelihood ola. sass. r- Population. Non-agricultural cla.sses. r- Persons (including depoo.dants) who --~ Taluk. Name of town. Persons. MaJ.E*tt, Females. derive their principal means of livelihood from r- V. Production other than VI. Commerce. cultivation. r-----"-----. r- A. Males. Females. Males. Females. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)

Chirakkal Cannanore (MC) 42,431 20,692 21,739 7,692 7,258 4,778 5,036 Kottayam Tellicherry (M) 40,040 19,360 20,680 4,1353 4,072 5,455 5,977 Kurumbranad- Panthalayini (P) 29,001 14,016 14,985 3,556 3,817 2,658 2,769 Do. Badagara (P) 20,964 10,491 10,473 3,171 2,922 2,699 2,621 Kozhikode ... Kozhikode (M) 158,724 SO,069 78,655 19,668 19,575 18,241 17,428 Ernad Feroke (P) •• 19,463 9,761 9.702 3,325 3;467 1,384 1,349 Do. - Manjeri (P) .,. 10,357 5,042 5,315 674 702 637 627 Wa.lluvanoo - Otta.paJam (P) ~22,695 10,SIl Il,SS4 2,134 2,157 1,217 1,282 Do. Shoranur (P) .. ';. 'Il,59\ 5,694 5,902 993 1,002 522 465 ~v Ponnani Ponnani (P) . n~283 12,323 3,849 4,190 1,603 ,i-2~ 1,525 Do. Tanur (PL. , V 17,~8~ 8,752 9,131 4,000 4,195 1,426 1.393 Do. Tirka.ndaiyur (P) • 1l,8aO 5,892 5,938 592 560 1,120 1,039 Fort Cocbin •• Fort Coohin (M) 29,881 15,052 14,829 2,706 2,776 3,575 3,381 P31ghat Palghat (M) 69,504 34,529 34,975 5,939 5,550 9,384 9,321 District Total 507,975 251,444 266.531 62,652 82,243 54,,699 54,213 22

24. MALABAR DISTRICT.

A~V -Towns arranged talukwise with POJlulation by Livelihood Classes.

Livelihood clasae!>-cont.

Non-agricultu-ral classes--cont. Agricultural classes. r------~~------~ r------~~------~ Persons (including dependants) who derive their principal means of IV. Non-cultivating I-III. Cultivators.. livelihood from OwnerS of land, culti vating TaJuk. Name of town. agricultural rent labourers and their VIII. Other receivers and their dependants. VII. Transport. services and dependants. miscella.neoua sources. _._ r- r-_____.A. r- v- -A.. l\Iales. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females. (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17)

Chirakkal Cannsnore (Me) 1,135 1,111 6,638 7,819 257 335 192 180' Kottayam Tellicherry (M) 807 710 7,542 8,474 716 915 487 532 Kurwnbranad Panthalayini (P) 586 579 3,361 3,545 224 247 3,631 4,028 Do. Badagara (P) 761 787 3,281 3,5H 103 117 476 485 Kozhikode Kozhikode (M) 6,325 5,101 33,707 34,258 1,036 1,077 1,092 1,216 Erna.d Feroke (P) 758 696 2,279 2,204. 91 98 1,92,1 1,88&

Do. Manjeri (P) .. 130 119 2,085 2,201 316 373 1.200 1,293 Walluvanad •• Ottapalam (P) 143 156 4,774 0,375 470 657 2,073 2,257

Do. Shoranur (P) 1,539 1,488 1#844 2,056 85 117 711 774- ponnani Ponnari (P) 1,lll 1,184 .3,876 4,313 321 501 523 610 Do. ._. Tanur (P) 280 236 2,203 2,397 276 34:5 567 (61).

Do. Tjrkandaiyur (.P) 166 128 3,190 3,309 102 120 722 782: Fort Coohin .. Fort Coohin (M) 2,845 2,522 5,787 5,999 61 67 78 84 Palgbat Palgbat (M) 2,043 1,974 13,406 14,263 1,216 1,268 2,541 2,599 District Total 18,629 16,791 93,973 99,754 5,274 6,237 16,217 1'1,298'. 23

( I ~ I I l r i l

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24. IIALABAR D1STRI~T. B--:-ECONOMIC TABLES.

B-l-Livelibood Classes and Sub·,classes.

ThiS table shows by RuralJU rban break-up fO.r each Cen.sus 3 .. The livelihood classification is based on the prinoipa.l tract in the district the distribution of populatIOn, seX-WIse, meanS of livelihood of the self-supporting persons, the among the eight livelihood classes and the three sub-classes. principal means of livelih.ood for earning and non-earning' viz., self-supporting persons, non-earning depen~nts dependants being the same as that of the self-supporting and earning dependants under each livelihood class lDto persons on whom they are dependant. which the economic characteristics of the people have been classified under the I.C.E.C. Scheme-vide fly-leaf 4. "The principal means of livelihood " is the means of to Table A-V. . livelihood which provides the largest or the major part of the income in the case of self-supporting persons who have 2. The areas c~mprised in each of the Census tracts into more than one means of livelihood. In the case of otheI which this district has been delimited for the purposes of self-supporting persons, it is the only means of livelihood. Census tabulation are given below :- 5. A person has been regarded as "self-supporting", if Rural Tracts. the income secured by the person is sufficient at least for his (or her) own maintenance at the level of living adopted No. 203--ChirakkaI.. All the villages and , In C~lirakkal taluk. by him (or her) at the time of the Census. The inoome panchayats not secured may be in cash or kind. Anyone who is not a " self­ treated as Census towns. supporting" person in this sense has been regarded as a Do. In Kottayam taluk. dependant. An 'earning' dependant is a person who No.204,-Kottayam •• secures an income which is not sufficient to support In Wyna.a.d taluk. him No. 205-Wynaad Do. (or her). A person who does not secure any income either No.' 206-Kurumbranad. Do. in-- Kurumbranad talnk. in cash or kind, is a 'non-earning dependant.' No. 207-Kozhikode ., Do. ,. - In Kozhikode taIuk· 6. The non-earning dependants include persons perform­ No. 207A-Laccadive Do. In Laccadive ing housework or other domestic or personal services for Islands. Islands. other members of the same family household, but do not No. 208-Ernad Do. _ In Ernad. taluk. include "unpaid family workers" or persons who take No. 209-Walluvanad. Do. In Walluvanad part along whh the members of the family household in taluk. carrying on cultivation or a home industry as a familv No. 210-North Ponnani consisting of villages bearing Code Nos. .2 enterprise. These latter persons have been classed ~ to 17, 19 to 50 snd 5:1 to 60 of ponnsni taluk. either self-supporting or earning dependants accordirig to No. 211-South Ponnani and Fort Cochin consisting of the rest of the villages in PonnBni taluk and the non-municipal the share of income attributable to them. area of Fort Cochin. No. 212-pa,Ighat .. All the villages and panchayats Qot treated 7. The self-supporting persons shown in Livelihood Clase as Census towns in PaJghat taluk. VIII include also persons who derive their income otherwise than through productive activity, i.e., persons coming under N cm.-Oity Urban Tracts. the following groups, details for which are given in the fty. leaf to Economic Table B-III ;- No. 72-Cannanore town in Chirakkal taluk and iTellicherry town in Kottaysm taluk. (1) Persons living principally on income from non No. 73--Panthalayini and Badag_ara towns in Kurumbranad taluk, agricultural property ; Manjeli and FerokeTciWDS in Ernad taluk and Otta. palem and Sboranur towns in Walluvanad taluk. (2) Persons living principally on pensions, remittances" No. 74-Ponnani, Tirukandayur and Tanur t'lWDS in Ponnani scholarships and funds; taluk. (3) Inmates of jails, asylums, alms houses and Fort Cochin town in Fort Cochin mluk. -.- recipients of doles; Oity Tracts. (4) Beggars and vagrants; and ~~Kozhikode City in Kozhikode taluk. (5) All other persons living principally on income No. 36-Palghat City in Palghat taluk. derived from non-productive activity. 28

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B-U--Secondary means of Livelihood. This table gives for the district the number of persons, in each of the eTght livelihood classes mentioned in Economic importance to their principal means of livelihood. In Table B-1, who possess a secondary means of livelihoOd; respect of earning dependants, it is the means of livelihood and cross classifies them (according to the nature of such which provides the earning, or the largest part of their means of livelihood Junder the same eight livelihood classes. income, if they have more than one source of income. 2. The secondary means of livelihood shown for self­ 3. Non-earning dependants and self-supporting persons supporting persons is the means of livelihood next in who have no secondary means of livelihood are excluded from this table.

Number of persons deriving thejr secondary means of livelihOod from • ,.,. Cultivation of Owned land. Livelihood clfl8ses. Cultiva.tion of unOwned land. Self-supporting r- Tota.l. Ea.rning dopen. -.. persons. dants. Self-supporting Earning depen_ Total. persona. Males. Females. da.nts. Males. Females. Ma.les. Fema.les. Males. Females. Males. Fema.les. -, (1) (2) Males. Fentalea. (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (II) (12) (13) Agricult'Ulral Glasses.

1. Cultivators of land wholly 284 156 284 156 or mainly owned. 1,976 568 1.353 330 623 238 11. Cultiva.tors of land 693 210 591 143 102 wholly 01' 67 2,477 951 mainly 2,477 951 unowned.

In. Cultivating labourers. 220 69 179 38 41 31 . 2.184 650 1,628 202 IV. Non-cultivating Owners 363 556 H8 122 312 86 51 of land and agricul- 36 395 131 345 89 50 42" tural rent receivers.

Total (Agricultural Cla.sses) 1,560 557 1,082 267 478 290 7,032 2,300 3~326 621 3,706 1,67.

Non.Agricultural OlaaSfJ8.

(PerIlOus who derive their prinCipal means of liveli- hood from.)

V. Production (other than 570 96 536 48 34 48 cultivation). Z.860 486 2,485 184 375 30~ VI. Commerce 998 1.6 907 14 91 92 3,384 313 3,073 60 all VII. Transport 137 13 253: 129 8 13 435 40 355 8 VIII. Oth6r services and 1.326 80 32' 145 .234 64 92 miscellauooWl sources. 81 5.191 '703 4,622 189 569 514 roial (NOD-Agricultural' 3.031 380 2,808 128 225 Cla.ses). 234- U,870 1,542 10,535 44t 1,835 1,101 31 24. MALABAR DISTRICT.

B-U-8econdary means of Livelihood.

Number of persons deriving their secondary means of livelihood from Employment as cultivating labourer. Rent on agricultural land. -. Livelihood classes. r- Self.supporting Earning depen. "- Total. persons. Self.supporting ., dants. Total. Earning depen. persons. dants. Males. Females. Males. Females. -----. Males. Females. Males. Females. (14) (15) (16) Males. Females. (17) (18) (19) Males. Females. (20) (21) (22) Agricultural Gla88e8. (23) (24) (25) I. Cultivators of land wholly 1,022 267 366 75 or mainly owned. 656 192 631 324 II. Cultivators of 562 196 69 land 7,261 3,816 3,4.51 128 wholly or 958 3,810 2,858 ma.inly 370 III 331 unowned. 54 39 57 llL . Cultivating labourers. 7,446 13.0Il IV. Non-cultivating Owners 7,446 13,OIl :?5 67 21 21 3 16 II 10 of land and agricul. 46 ]8 26 53 14 6 tural rent receivers. 26 53 Total (Agricultural Classes) .. 15,796 17,1l5 3,838 1,036 11,958 16,079 1,052 504 904 260 Non.Agricultural Glas8es. 148 244 (Persons who derive their principal means of liveli- hood from) V. Production (other than 1,973 2.137 1,065 260 908 cultivation). 1,877 228 146 VI. Commerce 190 24 38 723 462 266 122 VII. Transport 271 33 457 429 J50 )88 80 10 191 76 480 10 YIll. Other services and ),411 1,392 178 24 8 70 66 misceJIaneous SOurces. 573 84 838 1,308 22 1,084 210 903 2 8 53 181 157 Total (Non.Agrieultural 4,378 4,179 Classes). 1,984 387 2,394 3,792 1,886 440 1,595 87 291 353

Number of person.'l deriving their secondary means of Ii velihood from Production other than cultivation. Livelihood cla.sses Commerce. Self.supporting Total. Earning depen- , persons. dants. Self-supporting Earning depen. Total. persons. Males. Females. Males. dante. Females. Males. Female•. Males. (26) - Females. (27) (28) (29) (30) Males. Fema.les. Males. Fema.les. Agricultural Classes. (31) (32) (33) (34) (35) (36) I. Cultivators of land wholly (37)' 3,516 I,j18 2,698 569 or mainly owned. 818 949 3,829 159 II. Cultivators of 2,790 83 1,039 land 1l,206 3,841 8,056 76 wholly Or mainly 885 3,150 2,956 8,744 599 5,986 187 unowned. 2,768 412 III. Cultivating labourers. 7,617 6,499 5,061 IV. Non-cultivating Owners 1,718 2,556 4,781 1,665 640 250 477 158 398 1,045 of land and agricul- 163 92 1,061 196 620 202 135 747 80 tural rent receivers. 314 55 'Total (Agricultural Classes). 22,979 12.108 16,292 3,330 6,887 8,'778 15,299 1,291 10,568 546 Non-AgriculturalOlasse8. 4,731 745 (Persons who derive their principal means of liveli. hood froni) V. Production (other than ll,226 9,413 3,192 cultivation). 1,130 8,034 8,283 1,665 270 957 91 VI. Commerce 2,558 708 179 1,669 1,364 ]03 1,194 VII. Transport 540 1,566 3,410 225 VIII. Other 1,435 240 54 300 1,385 44 services and 5,085 4,246 1,381 226 21 2,025 181 miscellaneous sOuroos. 2,988 433 2,097 3,813 95 3 1.4-34 339 721 131 18 56 713 Total (NoD-Agrieultural 283 19,~09 16,763 7,784 Classes). 1,720 11,625 15,043 8,735 855 3,158 194, 3,577 66t 24. MALABAR DISTRICT.

B-H--Secondary means of Livelihood.

Number of persons deriving their seconda.ry means of livelihood from

Transport. Other services a.nd miscellaneous sources. r- Livelihood classes. Self.supporting Earning depen- Self.supporting Earning depen. Total. persons. dants. Total. persons. dants. Males. Females. MaJes. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females. ywes. Females.

(38) (39) (40) (41) (42) (43) (44) (45) (46) (47) (48) (49) AgricuZtural ClasseB. I. Cultiva.tors ofland wholly 24,2 9 128 3 114 6 4,206 600 2,892' 212 1,314 388 or mainly owned. . II. Cultivators of land 1,174 55 664 2 510 53 11,845 3,177 7,436 951 4,409, 2,226 wholly or mainly unowned.

ill.) Cultivating labourers. 752 193 332 29 420 164 7,647 6,420 3,691 1,582 3,956 4,,838

IV. Non·cultivating owners 57 3 35 2 22 1 1,988 346 1,514 156 474 190 of la.nd Bond agricul- tural rent receivers.

I.,otal (Agricultural Classes). 2,225 260 11,159 36 1,066 2M 25,686 10,543 15,533 2,901 10,153 7,M~

N on-Agricultural OlasMeB.

(Persons who derive their principaJ means of liveli- hood from)

v. ProdUction (other than 494 70 159 11 335 59 4,225 2,535 2,193 350 2,032 2,185- cultivation).

. VI. Commerce 262 14 74 188 14 2,041 680 895 51 1,146 829- vn. Transport - 788 24 168 3 620 21 457 137 169 26 288 111 VIII. Other services and 424 116 109 6 315 110 9,234 6,724 3,S8L 751 5,853: 5,973- :miscellaneous sOurCeS.

Total (Non.Agricultural 1,988 324 510 20 1,458 204 15,907 to,076 6,638 1,178 9,819 8,_ Classes). 33

24. 14ALABAB DISTRICT.

B-IIl-Employers, Employees and Indapendent Workers in Industries and Services by Divisions and Subdivisions.

This ta.ble gives figures for ea(lh Census tract in the 6. The Non-agricultural classes classified in Economio distriot. The areas comprised in each census tract denoted Table B-I, correspond to the divisions and subdivisions by its number in column (1) have been specified in the into which they are distributed in this table as follows :- fly-leaf to Table B-1. In this table the self-supporting persons in the four Non-agricultura.l classes given in Division and subdivisions of the Livelihood class. I.C.E.C. Scheme. Economic Table B.I are distributed in the various divisious and s.ubdivisions of Industries and Services Division IJ-Prima-ry Industl"~ n()t. under the Iadian Census Economic Classification Scheme, • lsewhere specified. according to their secondary Economic Status, namely, Division I-Mining and quarrying. Employer, Employee and Independent worker. Division 2-Processing and Manu. Class V-Production facture ()f Foodstuffs, Textiles. other than cultivdtion . .0(I Leather and Products thereof. 2. (An) Employer (is) a person who employs other I DiVision 3-Processing and Ma.nu- persons in order to carryon the business from which he facture--Metals. Chemicals and secures his livelihood and pays them a salary or wage in I Produots thereof. cash or kind. I Division 4---Processing and Manu· L facture-Not eIsewhere specified.

3. (An) Employee (is) a person who ordinarily works for Class VI-Commerce Division 6-Commerce. some other person for a salary or a wage, whether in cash or in kind in order to earn his livelihood. (Subdivisions 7'0 to 7'4 of Division 7- .. ~ Tre.nspo~" StQ~a.g«\ and Communi· l cations. 4. (An) Independent worker (is) a person who works On his own without being employed by anyone for a sahry fDivision .5-Coll8truction and Utili. ti5s_ or wage and who does not also employ anyone else in Division 7-Transport. Storage and order to earn his livelihood. Communica.tions with the exception Class VIII-Other of subdIvisions 7-0 to 7'4. services and misoolla-.o( 5. Under the New Indian Census Economio Cla,ssifio8,. neous sources. Division 8-Health, Education and Public Administration. tion Scheme all employers and independent workers Division 9-Services not elsewhere­ have beEm classified with referenoe to the Commodity L speoified. produoed or services performed by them individually. As regards ('mployees, all persons engaged in Production. Class VIII also includes persons who derive their Commerce, or Transport (and not being domestic servants) principal means of livelihood from miscella.neous sources have been classifie<:i with referenoe to their own aotivity (otherwise than through e00nomic activity), e_g., income and witl-tout reference to that of their employer. Domestio from investments, pensions and family remittances, servants have been classified in one subdivision without proceeds of begging and other unproductive act,ivities. reference to the nature of their work. All other emplo­ These are not, however, included in this table as it is yees (including all managerial and supervisory employees, limited to Industries and Servioes_ Hence there will be a. clerical services, messengers, watchmen and unskilled differenco to this extent between the total self-supporting la.bour of every description) have been classified with persons of the Non-agricultura.l class in Economic Table reference to the commodity produced or services rendered B·I and the total of this table. The reconcilation will be by their employers. effected bv addine: the figures given in the next paragraph..

Malaba.r-5 14. MALABAR DISTRICT. B-III-Employers, Employees and Independent Workers in Industries and Services by Divisions and Subdivisions. 7. Details of persons who derive their princip:tl mean" mentioned in the fly-leaf to Economic Table B-I are of livelihood otherwise than through productive activity given below ;- .and who are included under livelihood class VIII Income from non-productive activities. r-'------~------_. (V) AU other (II) Per80ns living (III) Inmates persons living (I) Persons living principally on of ja.ils, (IV) Beggars principally on Tract No. on income from pensions, remit- asylums, alm- and income dedved Don-agdcul­ ta,nC6$, scholar- houses and vagrants. from non· tural property. ships and recipients of productive funds. doles. activities.

-~---~ M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. ( 1) (2) (3) (4) (5) l6) (7) ( 8) (9) (10) (11) Rural- 203 268 32 57 65 204 59 31 273 22 11 73 110 15 205 16 1 1 14 21 2 206 3 170 42 34 61 6 207 159 9 739 294 65 83 207A 1 11 208 93 30 159 4 19 19 91 90 52 16 ,209 19 16 20 119 5 210 262 154 8:! 40 114 16 27 211 90 5 89 66 212 3 243 31 475 317 Rural Total 433 218 1,465 161 763 314 964 811 853 41

Urban-- 34 City 123 81 302 66 51 104 35 Do. 17 3 405 12 7 96 76 9 2 72 Non City 27 65 80 12 38 98 1, 73 Do. 14 149 2 80 48 74 Do. 41 15 69 10 74 76

Urban Total 208 178 1,005 102 81 51 318 298 19 2

District Total 641~ 896 2,470 J 263 84

All indnstries and services. r------~------~ Independent Tract No. Total. Employers. Employees. worker8. r------__A..-----, ,--...... _____" r---.A.__----, .---..A.._-, P. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) RurRl- 203 75,147 62,721 12,426 1,991 120 37,263 9471 23,467 2,83i'} 204 31,680 28,689 2,191 1,255 68 15,703 1,908 11,671 1,015 205 2l,925 16,1)46 5,279 1,685 52 11,975 5.101 2,986 126 206 37,133 33,178 3,955 458 46 16,347 2,041 Ifl,273 1,868 207 54,824 47,039 '1,785 812 31 36,358 4,494 14,869 3,26:) 207 A. 3,444 2,109 1,33;j 181 18 1,029 101 899 1,21(; 208 ilO,l44 43,554 6,590 1,141 71 24,276 3,911) 18,137 2,604 209 68,792 50,427 18,365 493 28 36,47" ]6,103 13,456 2,234 210 39,'192 30,983 D,009 208 39 19,013 6,980 11762 1,990 211 43.349 34,013 9,336 684 240 i2,151 3,915 21,178 5,181 212 67,630 52,470 A5,160 694 45 31,238 1l,4'j4 21,538 3,151 Rural Total 494,060 401,829 92,231 9,602 758 236,891 65,493 155,336 25,980

UrLan- ./' '. 34 City '~6988', '" !(~j~~ 2,OB7 94 26,673 3,707 8,228 617 35 Do. ~, 1, 1 1,043 19 8,492 2,188 3,636 33.5 72 Non C;jty 20,389 17,372 3,017 1,352 47 10,33S 2,534 5,682 436 73 Do. Z'Z,149 19,473 3,176 561 61 12,777 2,407 6,135 70S 74 Do. 20,318 16.991 3,327 34.') 148 10,773 2,751 5,873 428 Urban Total 120,475 103,995 16,480 5,888 369 69,053 13,587 , 29,554 2,524 Oilirict Total 614.585 505,824 .108,711 14,990 1,127 305,944 79,080 184,890 28,504 3' 24. MALABAR DISTRICT. B-III-Employers, Employees and Independent Worke,s in Industries and Services by Divisions and Subdivisions.

Division O-Primary industries n,.t elsewhereci sp~cified' Subdivision O'l-Stock ra.ising. ~ ,- ~ ,-- Independent' Independent Tract No. Total. Employers. ErnploYOOB. workers. Emplole:s. Employees. workers. - -- __..._-~- ~~-- M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (ll) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) (23) (24) Rural- 203 3,961) 367 73 15 1,5.')9 113 2,328 239 3 51 3 94 27 2114 1,49,~ 442 68 22 859 114 566 306 55 14 32 16 '205 10,130 4,630 830 29 8,259 4,561 I,04l 40 12 150 56 206 5,193 753 113 26 1,686 158 3,394 569 22 14 6 2 19 207 2,403 287 H4 2 650 168 1,66) IIJ 82 49 24 54

.~07A 752

~-City. 1,827 34 14 1 770 12 1,043 21 1 2 I 2 2" 35 Do. 136 24 4 111 15 21 9 3' I 2 :j. 72 Non.City 1,438 86 80 2 772 2 586 82 4 .. 17 18 73 Do. 1,723 47 48 3 947 23 72H 21 2 9 4 12 8 74 Do. 3,Od8 57 603 38 2,465 19

Urban Total 8,192 248 146 6 3,203 90 4,843 152 3 49 6 38 29 District Total 52,420' 9,870 2,217 318 23,349 6,288 26,854 3,264 37 39 1,267 604 383 468

Subdivision O'2-Rearing of small animals and insects. Sllbdivision O'3-Plantation induRtries. r------.. Independent Indepf'Ddent Traot No. EmployeJ's. Employees. workers. Employers. Employees. workers. -_. --~-- M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (25) (26) (27) (28) (29) (30) (31) (32) (33) (34) (35) (86) Rural- 203 I 1 1 2 49 9 209 33 496 116 204 1 2 4 55 1 256 67 238 26 205 15 781 29 7,467 4,532 721 23 206 70 24 673 124 1,712 507 207 3 81 2 196 109 294 34 207A 149 1 73 5 196 39 208 5 100 655 882 45 209 6 25 803 145 507 93 210 lIB 38 492 71 1,781 :l66 211 441 142 343 126 969 401 212 6 1 413 84 89 10

Rural Total 2 2 29 9 1,875 247 11,580 5,296 7,916 1,860

Urbao- 34 City 3 ' 4, I [; 35 Do. 37 14 1 3 72 Non.City "5 10 7 1 73 DO. 25 1 '74 Do~ 189 3 27

Urban Total 12 266 17 41 District Total 2 2 29 9 1,887 247 11,845 5,813 7,958 1." " Malabar-5A 38

M. MALABAR DISTRICT.

B-In-Employers, Employees ALnd Independent Workers in Industries and Services by Divisions and Subdivisions.

Subdivision O'4-FOl'estry aDd collection of Subdivi9ion Q·5-Huntm.g. prodllclis not elsewhere specified. r-- Independeut Indl:'pendent Tract lio. Employers. Employees. workers. Employers. Etnploy,·ee. workera. ---M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (37) (38) (39) (40) (41) (42) (43) (44) {4S} (46) (47) (48) Rural- 203 15 2M 5 276 10 204 12 21 344 33 101 200 205 37 635 29 234 17 7 15 206 1 III 22 201 238 17 ., 207.& 208 175 41 7 209 1 233 12 22 13 210 86 14 1 211 46 1 II 15 .. 212 2 958 54 126 7 Rural Total 68 21 3,182 134- 864 329 7 16

Urban-- 34 City 2 117 6 35 Do. 39 9 5 72 Non City 2 II 1 5 73 Do. 24 1 74 Do 4 1 Urban Total 2 2 195 18 10 District Total 70 23 3,377 134 SSZ 839 7 18

Subdivision O·6-Fishing. Division I-Mining and quarrying. Independent Independent 'Tract No. Employers. Employees. workers. Total. Employel'6. Employoos. worker!'...... ~-... --~ ---_ ------M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (49) (50) (51) (52) (53) (54) (.55) (56) (57) (58) (59) (60) (61) (62) Rural- 203 .. 6 1.032 71 1.461 84 1,062 60 4 703 37 355 23 204 1 203 193 745 9 4 507 8 234 1 205 14 3 3 14 .206 20 2 8S8 28 1,658 43 553 14 514 12 39 2 207 3 134 !) 1,334 26 885 4 3 713 1 169 3 201A 2 34 298 34 208 13 124 2 1,910 7 1.329 76 953 28 376 ~8 209 4 22 551 20 467 11 84 9 210 36 J 1,335 273 370 3 315 55 3 211 45 1,693 57 4,64-3 213 266 33 103 1 163 32 212 1 !:I 33 346 55 3 210 28 133 27 Bural Total 91 8 4,157 168 12,887 680 6,121 277 14 4,485 129 1,622 148

Ul'ban- 15 34 City 9 647 ' 11 1,030 19 19 2 2 ., 35 Do. 1 9 21 13 8 72 Non.City 95 747 ~ 561 58 " 18 1 .. 12 1 6 '" 7 108 '3 4, 73 Do. 48 I 889 19 714 " 13 "185 77 74 Do. 410 35 2,43'i 19 Urban Total 182 1 2,694 67 4,751 109 243 8 2 148 of 93 .f Disklct Total 238 9 6,851 235 17,838 789 6.364' 285 18 4.633 133 1,'115 151 ,37

M. MALABAR DISTRICT. B-IlI-Employers, Employees and Independent Workers in Industries and Services by Divisions and Subdivisions.

lIJubdivision l·O-Non·metallio mining Subdivision 1'I-C08) mining. and qU8rriying not otherwise classified. Tract No. Indepe nd ant Independallt Employers. Employeetj. workers_ Employere. Employees. workers...... --~------~ --- _ M. F. 1\'1. F. M. F. M. F. ------_M. F. M. F. (fla) (64) (65) (66) (67) (65) (69) (70) (71) (72) (73) (74) :Rural--- 203 204 2 205 206 207 3 207A 208 894 363 209 210 32 2lJ 212 Rural Total 931 363'·

Urban- 34 City 35 Do. 1 72 Noo-Citv 73 Do.' . - 74 Do. . . Ul'ban Tota) 1 .. DIstrict Total 931 364 ..

Subdivision 1'2-Iron ore mining. Subdivision l·a-Metal mining except iron_...._. ore mllliog. Tract No. ~ ---., Independent Independent Employers. Employees. workers. Employers. Employees. workers. r--"""______' ~ "-__..., ~~ ~ ,---""'_____' M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (75) (76) (77) (78) (79) (80) (81 ) (82) (83) (84) (85) (86) Rural- 203 204 205 206 207 1 2074 208 2 -1 209 :; 3 210 211 11 16 17 -107 14 212 5 2 39 1

Rural Total 11 16 28 4 .149 19

Urban- 34 City 35 Do. .. 8 7 72 NOD-City . . ,..,.,." .... 2 Do. . . 73 ~~-;; " .. , ? ...... ~ 14 Do. .. - 8 - Urban Total .. - .. ... 9 .... District Total .. - 11 16 - 36 4- 1&8 19 38

24. MALABAR DISTRIOT. B-In-Employers, Employees and Independent Workers in Industries and Services by Divisions and Subdivisions.

Subdivision 1'4--Crude petroleum and natural gas. Subdivision 1'5-Stone-quarrying, clay and sand pits. Tract No. --., ...A______~ Independent Independent ElPployers. Employt'es. workers. Employers. Employees. workers. ~ .---A-----. ~----. ~---. .----"------. .A..----.. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (87) (88) (89) (90) (91) (92) (93) (94) (95) (96) (97) (98) RUJ,'laI- 203 4 703 37 355 23 2040 4 505 8 234 1 205 3 14 .206 514 12 39 2' 207 3 709 I 169 3 207A 208 59 26 13 44 ,209 462 11 81 9 210 283 55 3 211 86 I 56 18 .212 3 205 26 83 10 Rural Total 14- 3,526 125 1,099 113

Urban- 34 City 2 15 2 35 Do. 4 1 72 Non.City 12 1 4 3· 73 Do. 2 108 I 77 .74 Do. 1

Urban Total •• 4 2 1 2 186 2 83 a- District Total •• il- 2 2 16 3,662 127 1,182 116

Subdivision l·G-Mica. Subdivision l'7-Salt, saltpetre and saline substances~ Tract No. ------~------~ r------~------~ Independent Independent Employers. Employees. workers. Employers. Employees. workers: ,---_...A___ -" r----"------,. r--~.A..--,"" ~ ~~. M. F. 111. F. M. F M. F. M. F. M. F. (99) (100) (101) (102) (103) (104) (105) (106) (107) (108) (109) (1I0} Rural- 203 204 205 206 207 207A 208 209 210 211 212

Rural Total

Urban- 34 City 35 Do. ,. 72 Non-City 73 Uo. _ .. , .74. Do_... - , ._------Urban Total .. .. . District Total .: " 39

24. MALABAR DISTRICT. B .. IlI-Employers, Bmployees and Independent Workers in Industries and Services by Divisions and Subdivisions. Division 2-Processing and Manufacture-Food stlIfi"S, Text.iles, Subdivision 2·0-Food industries Leather and Products therf;()f. otherwise unclassified. r------~ ------. Tract No. Independent Independent- TotaL Employers. Employees. workers. Employers. Employees. workers. ,---A----, r---"------, ,---A---. -, ~ ,-_.A__-, ,---A----, M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (111) (1l2) (1l3) (U4) (lIS) (1l6) (1l7) (US) (U9) (120) (121) (122) (123) (124) Rural- 202 17,032 2,327 1,120 18 10,945 1,462 4,967 847 1 2 12 5 7 204 4,822 353 125 6 2,423 . 184- 2,274 163 I 18 8 205 208 34 33 60 23 115 11 206 3,475 1,308 61 7 1,866 608 1,548 693 I 207 4,451 3,134 27 2 2,226 1,029 2,198 2,103 1 8 207A 269 1,172 1 12 64 256 1,108 93 208 3,866 2,439 40 4 1,920 1,014 1,906 1,421 2 35 48 209 2,933 738 55 5 1,021 240 1,857 493 5 5 210 1,396 1,139 12 736 576 648 563 4, 20 11 211 3,584 3,061 11 63 1,605 1,080 1,968 1,918 15 2 2 59 212 9,062 1,002 100 3 3,339 329 5,623 670 3 3 22 Rural Total 51,098 16,707 1,585 108 26,153 6,609 23,360 9,990 6 2 76 45 197 67

Urban- i· "S4 City :3,~4.Q) 124 4 2,630 766 1,086 321 1 147 49 35 Do. U23 ~?:J). 97 1 713 22 413 25 72 Non-City 3,436 492 120 20 2,700 392 616 80 37 2 3 41 73 Do. 1,745 079 37 909 280 799 299 4 6 74 Do. 1,100 741 5 1 712 571 383 169 2 7 Urban Total .. 11,344 2,951 383 26 7.664- 2,031 3,297 .894- 1 188 40 58 48 District Total .. 62,4402-- 19,658 1,968 134- 33,817 8,640 26,657 10,884 7 2 264 49 255 U5

Subdivision 2· I-Grains and pulses. Subdivision 2·2-Vegetable oil and dairy products. Tract No. r- _,J.._ - ---. r- Independent Independent Employers. Employees. workers. • Employers. Employees. workers. ,- .A._-----, .A. ~ r-----"-----. .A.-----, ~ M. F. ~I. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (125) (126) (127) (128) (129) (130) (131) (132) (133) (134) (135) (136) Rural- 203 7 43 8 7f1 29 2 1 85 8 153 23 204 8 1 110 12 38 13 5 I 70 1 76 9 205 13 19 19 31 9 9 4 29 2011 :l 42 2 51 4 2 144 I 52 207 4 1I2 5 68 17 4 226 64 134 207A 1 10 90 208 8 3 276 369 202 76 2 36 54 2 209 8 4 66 145 296 199 1 13 4 24 15 ",10 3 17 137 58 2S IS 2 32 9 211 1 3 31 22 lQ9 89 I) 1 41 }:, 140 511 212 22 1 186 68 194 126 I 58 20 43 22 Rural Total 76 12 902 787 1,176 590 32 3 705 112 827 591

Urban- 34 City 32 91 7 56 9 6 199 24 61' 21 35 Do. 13 73 10 47 12 8 92 5 9 4 72 N0n-City 21 1 65 8 57 17 2 1 2~ 5 73 Do. 6 37 19 55 23 22 13 74 DJ. I 39 34 7 18 35 1 Urban Total ... 73 1 305 78 215 68 16 1 353 29 123 26

District Total .. 14-9 13 1,20'7 865 t,391 658 48 ~ 1,058 14-1 900 617 40

24. MALABAR DISTRICT B-III-Employers, Employees and Independent Workers in Indultries and Services by Divisions and Subdivisions.

Subdivision 2'3-Sugar Industries. Subdivision 2·4--BeverageB. ,- Independent Independent Tract No. Employers. Employe B. workers. Employers. Employees. workerS. r-~ ,-~ r---A.~ ,--..A.---. ,-----'-----., r-___..A.~ M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. 1\1. F. (137) (138) (139) (140) (141) (142) (143) (144) (146) (146) (147) (148} RuraJ.- 203 4, 1 1 1 183 4 444 4 204 8 215 5 325 6 205 1 4 13 206 195 4 114 1 6 207 52 '"7 207A 2 72 208 14,2 105 3 28 57 209 28 3 54 30 2 154 258 210 7 211 15 1 6 2 139 90 73 31 212 1 32 19 129 46 6 830 28 1,340 27 . Rural Total i 416 27 409 79 24 2 1,629 127 2,580 68·

Urban- 34 City 11) 87 1 10/ 35 Do. 1 14 1 31 14 >' 72 Non City 8 1 25 9 73 Do. 2 49 25 74 Do. 4 3 21 Urban Total 1 35 2 196 4- 79 District Total 1 417 27 409 79 59 4- 1,825 131 2,659 88:

Subdivision 2·5-Tobacco. Subdivision 2'6-Cotton Textile~.

Independent Independent T\'&ct No. Employers. Employees. workers. Employers. Employees. workers. ,...-...... ___,__~ ,...------A--....., ~ .. M .. F. M. ]f. M. F. M. F· M. F .. M. F. (149) (150) (151) (152) (153) (154) (155) (156) (157) (158) (159) (160) Rural- 203 34 1 1,698 15 227 21 1,042 12 8,459 1,138 3,133 176 204 10 791 7 326 4 77 919 82 1,165 61 205 7 24 18 206 3 66 74 1 44 2 901 91 841 51 207 3 354 22 1,265 19 2 1,081 42 276 15 207A 208 11 938 22 :>32 10 1 155 12 504 39' 209 11 1 366 20 318 13 30 251 64 559 217 210 3 367 2 85 1 3 31 2 254 22 211 1 2 696 19 383 [) 9 36 7 71 82 212 31 1,346 77 421 10 22 2 490 97 2,859 335 Rural Total 114 4 6,646 184 3.449 84 1,221 25 12,328 1,535 9,662 99S'

Urban- 34: City 12 239 6 122 6 17 3 998 229 453 18 35 Do. 27 349 90 7 30 3 21 15 4 72 Non City 841 8 105 7 47 10 1,387 322 168 8 73 Do. 5 446 12 105 17 7 1I8 8 413 10 317 74 Do. I 12 104 I 52 3 144 2 Urban Total •• 59 5 2,192 38 526 30 79 13 2,585 566 1,199 3S' District Total .. 73 8,888 222 5 1,300 • 3,91 114- 38 H,90S 2,100 10.R6t 1,088 41

240. MALABAR DISTRICT. B-III-Employers, Employees and Independent Workers in Industries and Services by Divisions and Subdivisions.

Subdivision 2·7-Wearing appan,J Subdivision 2·8-Textile IndustrieR otherwiae (exf'ept footwear) and made up toxtile goods. unclasMified. ,------. r- Independent Indopendent Tract No. Employers. Employees. workers. Employers. Employees. workers. ,-_------A- ,-_------A-__----, ,------A-...... --., ,------A----, ,------A----, ,-----'----, ""I. F. l\I. F. ~L F. IIi. F. M. F. M. F. (161) (162) (163) (164) (165) (166) (167) (16S) (169) (170) (171) (172) Rnral- 12R 188 264 203 32 .,:2 324 96 635 73 1 520 204 14 292 25 320 14 :2 10 33 17 48 205 4 16 1 206 1 1 191 12 285 ~5 !l 4 231 498 114 541 207 4 199 Hl 233 IHO \1 2 183 877 190 1,892 207A 1 64 1,108 208 4 186 28 289 35 9 I 77 578 256 1,259 209 2 76 3 169 12 1 I 7 :HO I 112 25 86 19 2 141 38R 84 484 211 159 38 258 51 4 46 452 888 831 1,089 212 14 281 10 387 38 81 6 132 59 Rural Total 72 5 1,820 260 2,679 498 35 55 1,804 8,520 1,895 7,000

Urban- I / 34 City 37 657,1 83 '?89 27 7 183 ( 416 16 240 35 Do. 23 95 3 177 6 5 24 15 1 72 Non· City 24 3 249 52 221 6 1 3 73 Po. 7 137 8 130 12 3 88 233 31 237 74 Do. 98 12 53 1 3 167 505 20 151 Urban Total ., 91 3 1.236 158 870· 52 18 1 463 1,154 85 629 District Total .. 163 8 3,056 418 3,5409 550 53 56 1,767 4,674 1.980 7,629

Subdivision 2·9-Leather, leather products Division 3-Processing and manufacture-Metals, and footwear. Chemicals and Products thereof ,- ,- Independent Independen t ,Tract No. Employers. Employee"s. workers. Total. Employers. Employees. workers. ,------'----, r---A..---, ,-----'------, ,-____.Io-______.., ,--..;____.A.---, ,----'------,---A---., M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (173) (174) (175) (176) (177) (178) (179) (180) (181) (182) (183) (184) (185) (186) Kural- 203 \) 24 991 49 16 512 24 463 25 204 3 15 1 7 463 50 10 215 29 188 21 20.'\ 21 187 7 !) 52 5 130 2 206 90 12 471 17 6 207 10 258 7 207 1 18 17 844 211 8 2 455 174 381 35 207,A. 8 1 2 5 208 47 5 59 1,441 39 22 3 ;;64 19 855 17 209 61 1 167 7 1,396 168 6 605 115 785 53 210 39 38 .,)59 21 310 1 249 20 ~1l 21 1 45 1 512 14 154 5 358 9 212 32 4 96 7 2,213 170 19 1,052 90 1,142 80 Rural Total 4 332 12 486 15 9.085 746 93 5 4,178 472 4,814 269

I Uroon- I ~/ ( " M City 29 30 'I!,30~) r",_.-,/ 90 95% 261 35 Do. 18 1 40 2 01"8'6 69 19 203 41 264 28 72 Non-City 3 73 46 1 501 11 olO 348 8 113 3 73 Do. 7 ' 8 21 543 134 11 418 74 114 60 74 Do. 17 6 229 13 1 190 12 38 1 Urban Total .. 11 145 1 142 3 3,062 227 161 2,111 185 790 92 District Total •• 15 477 13 628 18 12,147 973 254 5 5.289 607 5,604 361 Malabar-6 - 42

24. AlALABAR DISTRICT. B·rn-Employers, Employees and Independent Workers in Industries and Services by Divisions and Subdivisions.

Subdivision 3·0-M.mufacture of Metal product.s Subdivision 3· I-Iron and Stc91

otherwise------A- unclassified.______---, (Basic Manufacture). Tract No. .-- .------~------~ [ndependent Independent Employers. Employees. workers. Employer!>. Employees. workers. ,--_____..A. , ______A._-----.. .--_____A._---, ,--____.A. __, .--_----A._---, ,--____.A.----. ~I. F. M. F. M. F. :VI. F. ::\1. F. M. F. (187) (188) (IS9) (190) (191) (192) (Hl3) (194) (1 9i'i) (196) (197) (198) Rural- 203 1'1 337 8 432 14 6 204 7 139 2 158 1 2 1 203 3 44 5 118 2 206 7 188 10 236 I) 6 2 207 187 8 321 II 23 14.5 16 18 207A 1 I 5 208 2 1 427 14 825 17 19 :l09 2 391 18 772 43 22 ;; 210 292 1 242 11 211 HI 2 357 9 212 £) 813 50 1,075 80 Rural Total 37 2 2,960 118 4,541 193 19 53 145 28 20

rban- 34 City 33 530 191 35 Do. 2 105 17 218 27 I 72 Non· City 13 97 2 75 3 3 97 I 16 73 Do. 2 106 99 I 40 1 74 Do. 45 4 35 63 1 Urban Total 50 883 23 618 30 4 201 2 17 Dilitriet Total .. 87 2 3,843 141 5,159 223 23 254 147 45 20

Subdivision 3·2-Non-Ferrous Metals (Basic Manufaotur8). Subdivision 3'3-Transport Equipment. ,-- Tra.ct No. Independent Independent Employers. Employees. workers. Employers. Employees. workers. ~ r--...... -----, ~ ~ ~-----, M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. .:.vI. F. M . F. (199) (200) (201) (202) (203) (204) (205) ~206) (207) (208) (209) (210) RUl'al- 208 1 44 10 2()4. 3 3 205 3 l2 206 14 6 207 6 40 2 34 I 207A 1 208 3 7 209 \;) II 6 210 4- 5 211 3 3 1 212 8 26 31 Rural Total 3 3 9 15 149 2 115 1

Urban- o 34 City 22 64 4.'5 35 Do. 5 30 17 72 Non-City to 42 12 73 Do. I 120 8 7. Do. 5 3 2 I Urban Total 4"' 34 261 3 84 1 District Total T 3 9 49 410 5 199 2 24. lIlALABAR DISTRICT. B-m-Employers" Employees and Independent Workers in Industries and Services by Divisions and Subdivisions.

Subdlyision :l·4-Elect.rICal umchlnery and apparatus, Subdivision 3'5-Machinery(other than electriel'!. applialJ.cetl and supplies. ms(}hinery) including Eugineering workshops. ~ ------, r------~------~ Trac~ No. Ind.ependen t, Independent. Employers. Employees. workers. Employers, Employees, workers, ,--______;.._----, ,------A-----, ,-----.A.----, r------"----. ~~ M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M, F. (211) (212) (2 13) (214) (215) (216) (217) (218) (21Q) (220) (221) (222) RUl'al-- 203 2 1 4 59 204 1 63 10 205 3 4 206 I 1 2 207 1 141 8 207A 2()S 86 201) 21 210 8 2~1 3 212 I 5 105 5 20 Rural Total 2 3 11 490 I) 44

Urban- 34 City 25 208 20 3.'> Do. I r; 3 I 22 14 I 72 Non-City I 3 5 ;) 49 5 73 Do. 2 2 74 Do. 35 1 Urban Total 2 :10 8 31 316 :1 39 1 District .Total 2 12 11 42 806 6 8S 1

Subdivision 3·6-Basic Industrial Chemicals, l<'ertilisers Subdivision 3·7--Medical and Pharmaceuti< and power Alcobol. preparations. r- ---A- r- Tract No_ Independent Independenl Employers. Employees. workers. Employers. Employees_ workers. -----., "------., A.___" ,---A-- M. F. M. F_ M, F. M. F, M, F_ M_ E (:2;23) (224) (225) (226) (227) (228) (229) (230) (231) (232) (233) (23' Ru,.a]- 203 3 204 205 206 I 207 I I 207A 208 1 3 6 209 4 1 2 I 210 211 5 212 1 Rnral Total 1 13 1 10 4 :1 Urban-· 34 City_ -. 35- Do_ 2 I 1 6 4, 72 Non-City 1 10 73 Do_ I 2 74 Do. 23 1

Urban Total t 31 1 3 1 6 4 District Total 2 49 2 13 4 1 6 S Malabar-6A 44

24 MALABAR DISTRICT. B-IlI-Employers, Employees and Independent Workers in Industries and Services by Divisions and Subdivisions.

Subdivision 3'8-Manufacture of chemical products Division 4-Processing and manufacture otherwige uncla.ssified. not elsewhere 'lpecified Tract Xo. r- Independent Independent Employers.10... ______Employees. workers. Total Employers. Employees. workers. r---A-~ r---A------. r----A------. r---A..~ r---"--, ,....------Jo.. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (235) (236) (237) (238) (239) (240) (241) (242) (243) (244) (245) (246) (247) (248) Rural- 203 1 64 16 20 8 3,108 839 68 2 3,08l 359 1,959 478 204- 2 58 27 16 20 2,913 239 79 6 1,775 93 1,059 140 205 ., 437 24 17 152 3 268 2J 206 1 6 3,073 343 19 1,789 137 1,265 206 207 I I 63 19 1 [> 6,004 25l 37 4,553 90 1,414 161 207A 131 14- 25 40 66 14 208 2 45 5 17 7,787 298 16 1 5,834 187 1,937 110 209 -1 J56 96 5,458 798 228 1 1,874 B4 3,356 613 210 6 2 !J 2,750 415 1 1 1,966 76 783 338 211 2 2,028 2,060 50 14 747 336 1,231 1,710 212 1 108 35 14 7,955 1,598 40 2 4,a82 556 3,533 1,040 Rural Total 10 3 508 198 72 42 43,644 6,879 580 27 26,193 2,021 16,871 4,831

Urban- !'l4 City 10 150 . 5 8.].13 167 84 6 2,570 126 4.59 a5 3ti Do. 9 32 24 7 fl7l 75 48 460 ..:9 463 46 72 Non-City 11 30 5 508 al 19 4 297 21 192 6 73 Do_ 7 147 74 4 60 2,533 219 36 I 2,014 120 483 !JS 74 Do_ l 15 2 I 493 no 3 227 46 263 6. Urban Total 38 394 105 17 60 7,618 602 190 11 5.568 342 1,860 249 District Total 48 3 902 303 89 102 I!.!.~ 7,481 770 38 31,761 2,363 18,781 5,080

Subdivision 4'O-Manufacturing Industries Subdivision 4']-Products of Petroleum and Co otherwise unclaasified.

r-- ~ Tract No. Independent Independent, Employers. Employees. workers. ____Employers. -" ____Employees. -" workers . ~ .------"----- ..----'------. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (249) (250) (251) (252) (253) (254) (255) (256) (257) (258) (259) (260) Rural- 203 32 403 114 696 183 204 13 260 2 370 5 205 10 1 71 1 206 12 284 6 345 10 207 7 203 3 378 10 207A 25 13 47 6 208 3 2,569 4. 804 12 2U9 2 177 13 642 28 210 1 187 4 273 2 211 I .~ 62 4 213 17 5 212 8 327 16 706 22 11.) 10 18 Rural Total 104 2 4,495 167 4,545 296 115 10 23

Urban- 34 City 26 3 159 i 68 168 12 35 Do. 31 108 2 249 72 :Non,City 10 4, 69 1 1I8 73 Do. 24 364 .) 272 5 74 Do. 55 1 79 I Urban Total .' 91 7 755 74- 886 18 District Total 195 9 5,250 241 5,481 314 115 10 28 45

24. MALABAR DISTRICT. B-III--Employers, Employees and Independent Workers in Industries and Services by Divisions and Subdivisions.

:-)ubdivision 4'2-BrlCks, tiles and other structural SUbdivision 4'3-Cement products. day products ,.----~------____..,_ t Tract ::'IJo. Independant Independan Employers. Employees. workers. Employers. Employees. workers. ,.----A.__ """"\ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (261) (262) (263) (264) (265) (266) (267) (268) (269) (270) (271) (272) Rural- 203 1 115 S2 5 13 204 1 64 :.!3 7 205 7 206 9 5 2(17 9 1,789 2 7 1 207A 20S 1,197 11 ' ]5 209 9 11 210 184 211 4 10 .) 33 49 212 2 401 67 21 Rural Total 14 4 3,785 206 88 62 1

Urban- 34 City 12 1 324 J 22 n 1 35 Do. 3 76 12 5 1 72 Non.city .'i 1 73 Do. 3 1,036 80 9 .,0 74 Do. 1 Urban Total 18 2 1,442 114 21 51 1 Disto'ict Total 32 6 5,227 320 109 113 2

Subdivision 4·4---Non·metallic mineral products. Subdivision 4'5-Rubber products. _A. -----, ~ Independant Independant Tl'UC't 'No. Employers. Employees. workers. Employers. Employees. workers. ,.--_--A.__ ---, A.. __--, ,.----A.----, ,.----"-----, ( M. F. M. F. ~1. F. l\f. F. M. F. M. F. (273) (274-) (~75) (276) (277) (278) (279) (280) (281) (282) (283) (284) Rural- 2n3 1 116 7 393 45 1 204 61 1 99 6 .')6 104 1 86 2 205 3 17 18 206 2 126 20 385 109 207 .'l 35 4 179 44 13 207 A 1 208 1 23 24 6 20fl 24 6 260 79 210 32 3t 138 102 211 1 11 :3 19 9 7 212 18 1 235 131 581 179 2 Rural Total 27 3 666 203 2,095 597 56 120 8 87 2

Urban- 34 City 2 46 26 6 ;) 38 { 1'5 Do. a :3 30 16 1 7 3 72 Non·city 1 6 1 1 7!l Do. 10 4 4 3 74 Do. 2 Urban Total 6 62 60 26 6 '>1. 1 4 District Total 33 3 728 203 2,155 623 62 17". 9 91 2 ...24. MALABAR DISTRICT. B-III-Employers, E.mployees and Independent Workers in Industries and Services by Divisions and Subdivisions. Subdivision 4·6-"\Y

Urban- I I 34 City ]8 1,479 ~2 232 16 8 247 J 8 21 35 De,. 3 212 15 168 30 1 72 Non-City 2 134 13 56 1 I 2 73 Do_ 3 546 38 193 39 I 74 Do. 107 45 i81 63 Urban Total 26 2,478 133 830 148 10 250 8 23 District Total 374 11 18,687 1,534 10,718 3,987 21 533 29 .114 ao'

. Subdivision 4·8---Paper and paper products . Subdivision 4'9-Printing and allied industries. ,---- ~ r- ~------, Tract No. Independant Independ ant Employers. Employees. workers. Employers. Employees. workers. A r----'--~ ,-----A----~ ,-----A-~ ..... _------, ~ ,---- M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. l\I. F. M. F." (297) (298) (299) (300) (301) (302) (303) (304) (305) (306) (307) (308) RUl'al- 203 11 102 1 7 204 2 37 3 '1 3 205 206 2 23 3 207 1 3 230 I 6 2 207A 208 2 55 11 209 27 3 210 1 6 1 211 11 8 212 4, 1 23 5 Rural Total 5 1 20 1 514 5 53 5

Urban-- 34 City 13 2 277 6 fi 35 Do. 7 52 8 72 Non-City 6 81 6 14- 6 73 Do. 4 54 5 74 Do_ 3 62 3

Urban Total 33 2 526 12 36 6 Distriet Total 5 1 53 3 1,040 17 89 it -17

:24. MALABAR DISTRICT. B-III-Employers, Employees and Independent Workers in Industries and Services by Divisions and Subdivisions.

SubdivIsion J·O--Construetion and Division 5-Construction and Utilities .. maintenance of works other· wise unclassified. ,---- ..A-- ..--.. ,-- --"- TJaet No. Independant Independant, TotAl. Employers. Employees. workers. Employers. Employees. workers. ,--_____.A.. __., ,----A..__ ,.------'---~ ,----A-...-..--., ,---~ ,--_____A.._~ ,------'----. M. F. 1\'[. F. 1\'[. F. j\>L F. M. F. 111. F. M. F. (309) (310) (311) (312) (313) (314) (315) (316) (317) (318) (319) (320) (321) {322) Rural- 203 ] ,733 81 10 2 1,615 71 lOS 8 204 856 14 4 705 14 147 1 20.1) 452 6 10 I 396 5 46 2 206 3,169 216 10 2,951 196 208 20 8 2,072 ISO l.52 20 207 1,OOS 20 36 845 19 127 I 20'A 208 1.002 419 I 969 419 .3') ~ 3 i07 209 1,017 68 3 1,007 51 7 17 210 449 10 444 10 5 9 211 1,6.'53 179 1 4 1,226 161 426 14 1,013 337 6 212 2,659 412 3 2,508 266 148 146 246 68 Rura) Total 13,998 1,425 78 7 12,666 1,212 1,254 206 8 3,348 590 557 26

Urban- 846 -) 4 34 City - / 112 J 38 690 108 ll8 35 Do. 975 21-8" !) 888 218 78 72 Non-City 257 55 13 165 54 79 1 73 Do. 392 9 6 375 9 11 74 Do. 271 163 105 69 121 91 45 3 91 3 3 Urban Total 2,741 557 171 69 2,239 4-80 331 8 91 3 3 District Total 16,739 1,982 249 76 11,905 1,692 1,585 2140 SL 3,343 681 55'7 29

Subdivision ;;'l-Construction and maintenance- SubdiVIsion 5·2-ConstructlOn and maintenance Buildings. -Roads. Bridges and other transport works ~ ,------_...... 'j raet So, Independant Independant Employees. workers. Employers. Employees. workers. Employers. ,..--_..A..-_____ ,------1'----. ,-----A--_--. • A._------, ,----A-----, M. F. 1\[. .F. .1\1. F. M. F . M. F. M. F. (323) (324) (32;';) (326) (327) (328) (329) (330) (331) (332) (333) (334) Rdral- 203 I 2 1,424 61 95 8 9 143 ti 10 204 1 561 10 137 2 46 1 9 205 278 34 10 1 93 11 206 I 828 15 50 1 30 5 207 34 605 7 80 I 2 127 47 ZIl7A 208 808 5 32 1 Il3 3 209 789 41 13 3 204 ~ 2 210 307 3 105 .') 2 2Il [80 3 89 6 20 1 212 .')53 77 74 145 122 I." 3 I Rural Total 37 2 6,333 219 590 173 28 1 1,003 39 90 1

Urban- 34 Cit.y 341' 10 45.1' 1 31 55 3 35 Do. 318 34 61 1 2 4 72 Non,Clty " 55 43 1 13 ~ 35 73 Do. 4 355 6 10 2 11 I 74 Do. 2 lJO 10 7 22 Urban Total 11 1,179 50 169 2 47 156 2 117 a Distriet Total 48 2 7,512 269 759 175 75 1 1,159 41 207 4 48

24. MALABAR DISTRICT.

B~nI-Employers, Employees and Independent Workers in Industries and Services by Divisions and Subdivisions.

t:lubdivision ;)·4-Construdion and maintenance Snbrlivision 5'3--0011struction and nl.&intenance­ operations-Irrigation and other Telegr

Urban- 34 City 35 Do. 2 326 86 I 72 ~on.City 73 Do. 74 Do. 28 13 Urban Total 28 13 2 326 86 1 District Total 28 13 5 1,861 258 4

Subdivision 5·5---Works and servic6s--Electric power Subdivision 5·6--Works and services-Domestic, and gas supply. and industrial water-supply. Tract No. Independa.nt Independsnt Employers. Employees. workers_ Employers. Employees. workers. r--"""'_____' r----"--.. ~ ....---'---. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (347) (348) (34.9) (350) (351) (352) (353) (354) (355) (356) (357) (358) Rural-- 203 24 4, 3 20-1- 25 I 12 205 25 1 206 5 10 1 207 43 37 207A 208 4, 14 4 209 2 2 210 3 1 9 21I 3 2 3 212 29 2 10 Rural Total 163 3 2 100 4 7

Urban- 34 City 5 116 2 11 14 7 35 Do. I 68 12 4 1 72 Non-City 62 48 1 73 Do. 3 74 Do. 3 I Urban Total 6 252 :3 23 67 i 8 Dis.trict Total 6 415 5 25 167 5 15 49

24 MALABAR DISTRICT.

B~m-Employers, Employees and Independent Workers in Industries and Services by Divisions and Subdivisions.

Subdivision 5'7-Sanitary works and services. Division 6-Commerce. r- Independent Independent Employers. Employees. workers. Total. Employers. Employees. workers. Tract No. ~r--~ ~ ~ .---"---., .----"-----t M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (359) (360) (361) (362) (363) (364) (365) (366) (367) (368) (369) (370) (371) (372) Rural- 203 19 4 10,722 435 506 28 1,336 73 8,880 334 204 1 61 2 7,868 332 797 Ii, I9g5 111 5,076 205 205 3 1,905 69 431 14 631 3t 843 21 206 6 1 8,395 280 190 13 1,298 17 6,907 22() 207 33 12 7,357 289 471 12 1.864 64 5,022 213 207A 61) 3 .3 13 2 49 ] 208 25 8,214 341 672 21 1,044 63 6,498 257 209 8 1 5 4 4,373 584 133 3 756 51 3,484 530 210 .. 11 4 5,352 294 71 440 8 4,841 289 211 1 4 158 2 7,378 478 95 875 85 6,408 393 212 26 8,208 1,126 338 27 1,228 74 6,642 1,(f25

Rural Total 2 4 189 185 5 6 69,837 4,234 3,707 133 11,480 612 54,6~0 3,489

Urban- 34 City 2 151 96 7,993 350 1,390 6;0-; 3,Otl4 154 3.519 1:38 35 Do. 102 95 3.593 290 661 16 1.376 77 1,556 197 72 Non-City 54 4,189 285 640 17 693 120 2,856 142 73 Do. 6 3 3,786 139 284 6 794 26 2.708 107 74 Do. 75 69 3,447 387 176 77 1,445 185 1,826 125 Urban Total 77 69 269 248 23.008 1,451 3,151 184 7,392 56812,465 699 District Total 79 73 4148 433 5 6 92,845 5,685 6,858 317 18,872 1,180 67,115 4,188

Subdivision 6· I-Retail trade in foodstuff" Subdivision 6·0-Retail trade otherwise uncla,ssified. (including beverages and narcotics). -, r-- --. Tract No. Independent Independe n t Employers. Employees. workers. Employers. Employees. workers. r--_'__--, ,-----A---.. r--~ ... _--, 1.1. F. M. F. M. F. M. F: M. F. M. F. (373) (374) (375) (376) (377) (378) (379) {380) (381) (382) (383) (384) Rural- 203 439 25 611 49 7,55.t 249 29 1 ;")60 17 793 70 204 633 12 1,093 51 4,119 12S 81 2 765 28 759 69 205 35~ 4 438 15 573 8 32 10 179 19 131 13 206 130 .. 580 5 5,071 45 44 7 655 18 1,296 44- 207 261 11 933 37 3,467 131 95 1 714 25 1377 72 207A 3 9 47 1 2 208 311 6 409 30 3,194 88 344 8 5~.) 31 3,123 151 209 119 2 398 26 2.817 428 6 1 297 19 540 74 210 35 136 4 :&,977 135 17 233 3 1,352 138 211 62 324 51 4,056 266 19 495 33 2.241 126 212 215 15 444- 31 3,396 471 44 II 626 31 2,492 484 Rural Total 2,558 75 5.375 299 37,271 1.951 711 41 5,109 226 14,104- 1,241

Urban- 34 City 914 54 1.696 106 2,132 88 .253 11 527 13 852 29 35 Do. 340 3 489 26 688 57 182 8 444 42 588 86 72 Non-City 470 10 273 86 1,994 102 37 181 20 440 28 73 Do. 226 1 405 14 1,948 45 -15 4 262 lU 623 61 74 Do. 117 30 764 76 1,160 37 26 41 167 64 500 47 Urban Total 2,067 98 3,527 308 7,922 329 5.3 64 1,581 149 3,003 251 District Total ..,625 178 8,902 607 45,193 2,280 1,254 105 6,890 375 17,10'1 1,492. Malabar-7 60

24. MALABAR DISTRICT. B.m-Employers, Employees and Independent Workers in Industries and Services by Divisions and Subdivisions.

Subdivision 6·2-Retail trade in fuel Subdivision 6'3-Retail trade in textiles (including petrol). and leather goods. ______" Tract No. Independent Independent Employers. Employees. workers. Employers. Employees. workers. ~ r---" ,.----J'-----.. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (385) (386) (387) (388) (389) (390) (391) (392) (393) (394) (395) . (396) Rural- 203 8 4 2 47 11 27 1 35 310 4 204 1 9 15 2 66 59 93 205 22 2 52 206 1 6 13 175 1 207 3 39 65 8 13 2", 101 207A 84 2 :l08 2 38 10 7 1 11 117 209 1 2 4 30 25 6 7 91 2 .no 12 38 455 15 7 12 57 211 II .. 10 3 65 212 12 176 I 51 45 .i) 248 38 Rural Total 25 106 6 838 72 215 2 215 5 1,311 45

Urban- 4 City 40 ,')8 103 1 III 2 222 2 102 2 35 Do. 25 65 38 7 74 91 1 76 72 Non City 2 0 4 33 :2 98 7 71 5 201 1 73 Do. 2 12 16 I . 9 1 22 1 107 74 Do. I 2 ]i) 15 4 24 4 4(1 9 127 Urban Total 70 2 1405 19 205 15 316 14 446 18 813 3 District Total 95 2 251 25 1,043 87 531 18 661 23 1,92to 48

Subdivision 6'4--Wholesale trade in foodstuffs. Subdivision 6'S-Wholesale trade in commo- dities other than foodstuffs. --"--- , ~ Tract No. Independent Independent Employers. Employees. worker". Employers. Employees. workers. 4... __.• _-, .-----A------. r---"---, A..~ M. F. M. 1<' • M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (397) (398) (399) (400) (401) (402) (403) (404) (405) (406) (407) (408) Rural- 203 2 204 9 1 21 31 52 7 205 12 1 22 15 8 58 206 3 4 2 355 2 207 12 I 3 95 1 9 2 207A 208 1 15 209 210 2 211 I 9 212 26 1 35 1 105 3 Rural Total 15 13 1 22 5& 2 18t 35 588 14

Urban- 34 City 13./ 2 179 15 35 Do: 5 4 2 8 8 81 1 27 72 Non-City 8 1 73 Do. 1 ';3 Do. I 27 1 1 14:6" 8 4: Urban Total 6 45 2 9 19 410 25 31 'District Total 21 58 3 31 75 2 591 (10 619 14 31

24. JlALABAR DISTRICT. B-In-Employers, Employees and Independent Workers in Industries and Services by Divisions and Subdivisions.

Subdivision 6'6--Real Estate. Subdivision 6·'I-Insurance. r- Tract No. Independent Independe nt Employers. Employees. workers. Employers. Employcos. workers. ,..-----A----, ,...------A---- ...__ Jo._ ...... M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (409) (nO) (411) (412) (-US) (414) (415) (416) (417) (418) (419) (420} Rural- :OS I 9 204 4, 9 36 17 1 205 206 16 3 207 II 96 21 207A .. 208 1 I 6 5 I I 209 6 5 1 210 2 211 2 1 ~12 6 6 51 Rural Total 5 1 27 41 96 83 9 55 1

Urban- 34 City 2 50 4, 3S Ho. 3 8 2 17 6 I 72 Non..Qity 11 79 Do. 9 74 Do. I 12 1 8 13 Urban Total IS 20 2 1 95 13 10 1 District Total 5 1 33 61 2 97 178 22 65 2

Subdivision 6·S-Money·lending and ba.nking Division 7-Transport, Stora.ge and COlIllIluni(1Rtions. Bnd other finanoial buainess.

Traot No. Ind6pendent Independent Employers. Employees. workers. Tota.l. Employers. Employees. workers. ,..-----A----, .---..A r---_A____" r--~ r--~ M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (421) (422) (423) (424) (425) (426) (427) (428) (429) (430) (431) (432) (433) (434) Rural- 20S I 117 ;} 176 2.377 202 36 2 1,676 118 665 82 204 3 22 :2 ],294 184 10 1,155 168 129 16 205 3 7 227 5 200 22 206 7 6 30 22 6 128 2,121 100 5 1,899 100 217 207 11 S 4.114 511 10 3,653 54 451 5 207A 4 116 15 !l9 5 17 10 208 8 6 16 1 21 7 3,560 78 46 2,780 74 334 4 2, 9 1 41 1 6 I 879 48 2 747 45 130 3 210 17 I 1,908 48 1,837 47 7l I 211 4, 50 I 2!) 1 3,114 125 5 1,098 105 2.0 II 20 212 2 60 174 28 1,16R 43 1,049 43 Il9 Rural Total 28 12 371 31 420 165 20,478 902 119 2 16.19S 759 4,166 141

Urba.n- I 3' City 70 1 437 IS 326 S ~3,7~ 58 13 3,419 53 348 5 3.'1 Do. 27 5 182 5 117 44 1,1 4, 18 19 876 36 229 2 72 Non-city 25 143 10 lSk 9 1,205 44 9 1,107 15 89 2!l 73 Do•.• 2 83 11 14 1,966 40 18 1 1,8S6 37 62 2 74 Do.· .. 5 292 7 37 2,182 45 6 I 1,950 42 226 :2 Urban Total 129 6 1,137 M 652 98 10,257 225 65 2 9,238 188 954 40 District Total 155 18 1,508 65 1,072 263 30.735 1,127 184 4 25,43. 942 5,120 181 Malabar-7.A 62

24. MALABAR DISTRICT. B-Ill-Employers, Employees and Independent Workers in Industries and Services by Divisions and Subdivisions.

SubdivilSion 7 ·O-Transport and Conrrnunications otherwise Subdivision 7· I-Transport by road. unclassified and incidental services.

Tract :::~o. Independent Independent Employers. Employees. workers. Employers. Employees. workers. ..-___..._____, .---~ ,-____.._____, ,-~ ~\1. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (435) (436) (437) (438) (439) (440) (441) (442) (443) (444) (445) (446) RUl'<11- 203 12 :2 335 68 104 ',4 15 687 32 166 5 :1,04 .. a 4 I JO 386 161 119 16 205 5 }52 22 206 I 1,222 72 116 I 401 7 73 207 2 1,467 :S5 HH 4 5 856 5 165 :!07A 208 98 12 37 1,666 55 220 2 20~) 148 34 19 2 358 6 107 3 210 49 1 1,223 43 37 1 211 4 2 469 81 1,498 9 212 19 503 27 119 Rural Total 15 2 3,341 217 444 78 '17 7,203 417 2,526 '36

Urban- 34 City 1 4.8 • 1 6 1 12 1,082 20 186 4 35 Do.. , l 6.3 4 18 .515 8 2.01 2 72 Non· City I 226 4 53 29 4 562 2 25 73 Dc.. 481 23 19 2 2 1 253 I 28 74 Do. 1 658 2!l 69 I 40 2 2 Urban Total 4- 1,478 57 151 33 36 1 2,452 33 442 6 District Total 19 2 4,819 274- 595 111 113 1 9,655 450 a,968 42

Subdivision 7'2-Transport by water. Subdivision 7·S-Transport by air. r-- Tract No. Independent Independent Employers. Employees. workers. Employers. Employees. workers . .----~ .----"- ,...----A----. " I M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. • M. F. M. F. (447) (448) (449) (450) (451) (452) (453) (454) {455) (45~) (457) (458) Rural- ~O3 9 439 12 200 3 204 122 8 205 4 206 3 89 ! 28 1 207 3 1,052 :! 94 1 5 1 207A 99 3 17 10 208 9 667 8 101 2 1 209 2 1 1 210 380 2 33 211 3 !H5 18 503 8 212 Rural Total 27 3,369 46 985 24 8 2

Urban-- 34 City J,194 2 43 35 Do•.• I 72 Non.City , 40 2 73 Do. 16 319 li 15 74 Do. 5 I 1,019 11 116 1 Urban Total 25 1 2,572 21 174 1 Dist.dct Total 52 t 5,9401 67 1,159 2D .. 8 2 53

:24. MALABAR DISTRICT. B-m-Emp19yers, Employees and Independent Workers in Industries and Services by Divisions and Subdivisions.

Subdivision 7·4--Railway transport. Subdivision 7·5-Storagt' and warehousing. r- __..A..__ Tract No. Independent Independent Employers. Employees. workers. Employers. Employees. workers. ~ ~ M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (45!J) (460) (461) (462) \463} (464) (465) (466) (467) (468) (469) (470) Rural- 203 39 .5 195 204 54 I 205 2 2()6 124- 18 207 126 10 2 207A 2 208 160 \j 106 209 174- .3 3 210 176 2 211 10 3 212 401 15 Rural Total l,a56 64 209 3 108 2

Urban- 34 City 84!:J 6 ll3 ' .. 35 Do•. , 195 25 24 72 Non-City 170 4 11 73 Do. 759 3 74 Do. 133 39 Urban Total 2,106 38 187 .. Diliotrict Total 3.362 102 396 3 .. { 108 2

Subdivision 7'6----Postal services. Subdivision 7·7-Telegraph services.

Tract No. Independent Independent Employers. Employees. workers. Employers. Employees. workers. ~ M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (471, (472) (473) (474) (475) (476) (477) (478) (479) (480) (481) (482) ~ural- 203 173 204 81 2 6 205 40 2 206 61 2 I 207 125 17 1 207.~ 208 75 2 209 64 210 7 211 U3 2 1 212 124- 1 1 Rural TotaJ 863 9 28 1

Urban- 34 City ...... _---- . 130 8 86 13 35 Do. S8 2 9 72 Non-City 102 1 1 73 Do. 61 4 5 1 .. 74 Do. 96 4 Urban Total 477 15 t04 15 DlStrJei Total 1.340J 24- 132 16 .. 54

24. MALABAR DISTRICT. B-m-Employers, Employees and Independent Workers in Industries and services by Divisions and Subdivisions.

SUbdivision 7·8--Telephone services. Subdivision 7·9--Wireless services.

Tract No. Independent Independent Employers. Employees. workers. Employers. Employees. workers. A---. ~ .------"------~ M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (4-83) (484) (485) (486) (487) (488) (489) (490) (491) (492) (493) ( 494-) Rural- 203 I I 204- 2 I 205 206 207 3 1 207A 208 S 209 210 211 212 I Rural Total 13 1 4- 2

Urban- 34 City 30 I 3 .. 35 Do••• 3 1 72 Non Cit,. 7 1 73 Do. S 74- Do. Urban Total 48 -4 1 District Total 81 5 5 2

Division 8-Health, Education and Public Adroinistration. Subdivision S·l-Medical and other health services. ----. Tract No. Independent Independent. Total. Employers. Employees. workers. Employers. Employees. workers. r----A---. ~ r-~ .-~ ,-~ ~ :trI. F. ¥. F. M. F. M. F. :trI. F. M. F. M. F. (495) {496} (497) (498) (499) (.'500) (501) (502) (503) (504) (505) (506) (507) (50S} Rural- 203 4,Q71 573 20 8 3,681 ~)26 370 39 17 3 75 88 370 36- 204 3.103 599 29 2 2,844- 576 230 21 29 1 91 31 227 21 205 938 105 16 878 102 44 3 15 71 26 42 3- 206 2,746 389 S .. 2,468 367 270 22 7 64 26 236 17 207 2,716 352 ~l 1 2,273 297 422 54 19 1 193 46 421 54 207A 4 6 1 5 3 1 1 4 I 208 3,856 298 7 3,331 263 518 35 7 161 16 515 34 209 2,733 415 9 1 2,:~92 400 332 14 7 1 228 24 332 13, 210 1,616 65 {i 1.321 47 290 18 68 17 287 18 211 2,708 811 12 2 2,261 784 435 25 8 4l 21 394 15 212 1,645 431 14 3 1.314 412 217 16 10 :3 162 34 198 16 Rural Total 26,036 4,044 141 17 22,764 3,779 3,131 248 119 8 1,155 383 3,022 22&

Urban- / 34 City ~" 28 8 2,762 519' 314 35 28 8 231 I 118 262/ 27 35 do. , ~ 28 1 1,225 305 91 7 19 96 38 87 7 72 Non.Oity 1,473 485 15 1 1,309 457 149 27 5 1 150 64 146 27 73 do. 918 290 S 776 283 134 7 8 69 22 134 2 74 do. 1,477 266 30 1,166 256 281 10 30 170 51 281 II} Urban Total 8.816 1,916 109 10 7,238 1,820 969 86 90 9 716 293 910 '1$ District Total 34,862 5,960 250 27 30.002 5,599 4,100 384- 209 17 1,871 626 8,932 30t •• MALABAR DISTRICT.

B-In-Employers~ Employees and Independent Workers in Industries and Services by Divisions and Subdivisions.

Subdivision 8·2-Educational Service!,! and Research. Subdivision 8'3--Army, Navy and Air Force. r ~ ,- TrQ,ct N(). Independent Independent Employers. Employees. workers. Employers. Employees. workers. r---.-.A.. , .A.-----, ~ ~_--A..----, M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (509) (510) (all) (5l2) (513) (514) (515) (516) (517) (518) (519) (520) Rural- 203 3 i'i 2,176 403 3 204 1 1,773 529 1 205 I 306 68 2 206 I 1,648 319 34 5 207 2 1,121) 240 I 207~ 1 3 208 1,555 225 3 I 209 2 1,220 349 1 210 5 750 26 3 211 4 2 1.486 706 .,u to 212 4 1 181 308 19 Rural Total 22 9 12,220 3,174 107 20

Urban- 34 City .. 876 321 52 8 35 Dc·. .. 9 1 408 145 4 72 Non·City 10 10 360 3 '73 Do. 35 30 74- Do. 324 167 Urban Total 19 1 1,653 1,028 59 8 Diairict Total 41 10 13,8'73 4,197 166 28

,. Subdivision 8·4-Police (ot.ber t.ban viUa.ge water men). Subdivision 8'5-Village officers and servants.

Tract No. Independent Independent Employers. Employees. workers. Employers. Employees. workers. A. ..A r- I • • M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (521) (522) (523) (524) (525) (526) (627) (528) (529) (530) (531) (532) .Rursl- 203 258 294 4 201 183 187 3 205 54 II 206 89 246 207 125 215 1 207A 208 599 225 209 136 144 :2'10 83 154 211 49 165 8 212 122 300 8 Rural 'J'9taJ "" •• 1,698 1,941 24 "tTrban- 34 City .. 449 7 26 35 Do_ 102 19 72 Non·City 137 e 4 73 Do. 133 39 -'14 D<1.- 100 (j) .. 8 Urban Total 921 8 96 lJis1rIct Total 2,619 !7 2,03'7 24 56

24. MALABAR DISTRICT. B-I1I-Employers, Employees and Independent Workers in Industries and Services by Divisions and Subdivisions.

Subdivision 8·6---Employees of Municipalities and Subdivision 8'7-Employees of State Govern. Local Boards. ment. .-- ____.A.. ------. ----"-- Tract No. Independent Independent Employers. Employees. workers. Employers. Employees. workers. ....------A------, --, ~ ,..------A----, M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (533) (534) {535) (536) (537) (53S} (539) (540) (541) (542) (543) (544) Rural- 203 47 ,02 17 204 50 1 2 436 7 205 17 330 6 206 292 8 207 22 501 9 207A 208 708 22 209 6(17 7 210 194 4 211 1 390 4-1 212 14 1 349 50 Rural Total 151 2 2 4,509 174 Urban- 34 City .. 194 19 956 " 50' 35 Do... 249 120 289 1 72 )fon-City 383 446 32 73 Do. 36 370 6 .. 74 Do. 5 500 2

Urban Total 867 139 2,561 91, .. District Total 1,018 141 2 7,070 ~

Subdivision B'8--Employees of Union GoverIUllent. Subdivision 8'9~Employees of Non-Indian Govel'IlIIlents• .-- , Tract No. Independent Independent Employers. Employees. workers. Employffi's. Employees. workers. r---A.-, ,..-----A------...------"---- ,.-...--.A---, M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (545) (546) (547) (548) (549) (550) (551) (552) (553) (554) (555) (556), Rural- 203 129 14 204 124 5 205 89 2 206 129 14 207 92 1 207A. 208 ·83 209 .57 20 210 72 211 129 5 212 186 II Rural Total - 1,090 72 - Urban- 34 City .. 30 35 Do.•. 62 72 Non-City 179 1 73 Do. 94 193 32 74 Do. 59 26 - - Urban Total 424- 220 32 - District Total 1,514 292 32 - 57

2 .. MALABAR DISTRICT. B-m-Employers, Employees and Independent Workers in Industries and Services by Divisions and Subdivisions.

Division 9-Services not els!'where specified. Subdivision 9'0-Services otherwise unclassified. ,..-______..A__ --., Tract No. Independent ,..------"------...Independent Total. Employer,.,. Employees. workers. Employers. Employees. workers. ~ ,--"---., A..~~ ----, ,-----A----., ,.-----"-----. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. lH. F. M. F. M. F. (557) (558) (559) (560) (561) (562) (563) (564) (565) (566) (567) (568) (569) (570) Rural- 203 15,665 7,493 138 45 12.155 6,6s8 3,372 760 34 9,6;)6 5,9.• 4 936 494 21>4 5.132 7-69 129 17 3,235 611 ],768 141 12 13 1,662 188 255 36 205 2,148 401 338 8 1,347 365 463 28 149 475 131 155 11 206 3,982 535 46 1,669 406 2,267 129 59 23 120 13 207 17,257 3,178 115 12 14,126 2,598 3,016 568 18 12,664 1,596 743 311 207A 76' 46 1'7 7M 20 9 9 17 748 8 9 S 208 8~879 1,722 224 7 5,827 1.344 2,828 371 27 2 3,216 681 213 43 :t09 29,129 15,225 31 18 26,280 14.837 2,818 370 23,778 13.425 538 81 210 12,690 6,258 1 11,010 6,141 1,679 117 9,301 4,916 242 6 211 4,583 l,fill 24 14 1,947 1,170 2,532 427 9 9 352 47 215 75 212 17,lG5 10,157 168 9 14,282 9.,522 2,705 626 10,650 7,869 339 22 Rural Total 117,304 47,395 1,214 147 92,633 43.702 23.457 3,546 216 75 72,561 34,838 3,765 1,100

Urban- I 34 City .• ~~163~ ... 2.0.~/ 3()4 7 9,781 1,969 1,078 68 H 6,fJ41 896 253 29 35 Do. .. . :t.298· ~1,467 ]58 1 2,627 1,445 513 21 2 1,216 815 62 3 72 Non·City 4,3{7 1,527 4~6 3 2,9:~5 1,458 996 66 5 1,5V() 594 152 19 '13 Do. 5,682 1.712 113 50 4,550 1,552 1.019 110 17 50 3.918 1,"~2 167 33 74 Do. 4,724 1,545 19 4,359 1,510 346 35 4 2,019 776 52 Urban Total 29,2a 8,295 1,0101"61 24,252/ 7,934 3,952· 300 72 50 15,594~ 4.503 686 8" Distnet Total _-146,518 55,690 2,224 208 116,885 51.636 27,409 3,846 287 125 88,155 39,341 4,451 " 1,184

Subdivision 9'I-Domestic services. Subdivision 9'2-Barbers and beauty shops.

Independent Independent Tract No. Employers. Employees. worker!!. Employers. Employees. workers. r---'--~ A..._~ .---~---., M. F. 1\1. F. l\f. F. M. F. l\f. F. M. F. (571) (572) (573) (574) (575) (576) (577) (578) (579) (580) (581) (582) Rural- 203 167 212 11 36 3 210 • 20 400 a 204 79, 233 2 1 4 191 7 185 8 205 306 199 27 89 51 206 1 156 191 2 2 I 196 ]0 382 .5 207 10 288 857 66 5 H2 4 341 7 207A 10 1 208 609 243 3 .,)8 3 1 407 51 628 40 :'09 766 540 I 1 322 62 195 210 13 365 735 77 3 375 46 211 1 663 899 25 85 95 12 340 212 16 570 988 15 )9 283 21 288 S Rural Total 1 10 3,969 5,107 58 243 63 1 1,983 190 3,025 158

Urban- 34 City 773 968 .. 16: 87 2 213 a. 35 Do... 1 369 5(0 1 5 9 119 3 22 72 Non·city 501 786 5 3 38 I 79 1 73 DC\. 149 85 3 1 51 52 3 132 2 74 Do. 404 684: ,. 89 8 49 Urban Toeal - l r 2,187 3,083 9 6 79 f 38S· i7 495 (; District Total 2 10 6,156 8,190 67 249 142 1 2,368 207 3,520 164- Malabar-8 58

24. MALABAR DISTRICT. B.IIl-Employers, Employees and Independent Workers in Industries and Services by Divisions and Subdivisions.

Subdivision 9·3-Laundries and Laundry services. Subdivision 9·4--Hotels, restaurants and eating houses.

Tract No. Independent Independent Employers. Employees. workers. Employers. Employees. workers. , ,.-----A---.. r---'----, ,..----A.--." M. F. M. F. ".\1. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. (583) (584) (585) (586) (587) (588) (589) (590) (591) (592) (593) (594) Rural- 203 5., 1 128 312 71 134 98 :~ 278 18 1,700 71 204 98 113 45 52 95 3 S03 37 1,0.)1 42 205 3 31 17 39 .') 158 8 288 13 171 10 l'~- 2Qu .. 327 116 522 55 33 -.~ 15 1,023 42 207 66 120 79 146 89 I .')1)5 10 1,683 27 207A 208 109 257 63 141 189 3 206 22 1,949 83 209 326 663 54 135 28 18 163 22 1,899 131 210 118 167 40 253 67 1,013 1.5 211 72 97 90 143 10 4 114 16 1,554 96 212 632 393 ;l09 358 129 9 392 66 1,382 231 Rural Total 10 1 1,907 2,255 1.272 1,209 829 49 2,877 286 13,425 748

Urban- 34 City., 7 3 88 34 88 [, 227 4 834 35 316 12 35 Do. " 140 45 I) :2 130 1 534 U 127 II 72 Non.City ' . 93 10 8 23 346 2 154 42 473 15 n- Do. - 1 3~ IS 3'\' 40 42 230 13 636 31 74 Do, 176 25 6 35 IS 105 151

Urban Total 3. 3 586 182 142 105 760 7 t,857 101 t,703 69 District Total 18 4 2,443 2,387 1,414 1,314 1,589 56 4,734 387 15,128 817

Subdivision 9'o-Recreation services. Subdivision 9·6--Legal and business services...... , r- Independenu Independent Tract No. J

Urban- S·t City .. 3' 102 i> 31 3 824 17 125 3 35 Do. ,. 1 34- 1 li1 11 72 1 77 72 Non.Cit;y 1 18 l7 '7 7 106 5 '71 73 Do. 1 6 I) 149 36 Do. 22 1 68 .. 21 "Urban Total 5 1 182 23 156 7 1+ 1,219 28 330 -3 District Total 15 t '172 75 675 18 45 1 3.3'18 90 685 it 59

24. lItALABAR DISTRICT. B-III-Employers, Employees and Independent Workers in Industries and Services by Divisions and SubdIvisions.

Subdivision 9-7-Arts, letters and journalism_ Subdivision 9-g-Religious, Charitable and Welfare services_

Independent Independent Tract No. Employers. Employees. workers. Employers. Employees. workers.

~ ~ ~ ~f. F. 1\1. F. ~r. F. 1\1. F. 1\L F. M. F. (607) (608) (609) (610) (611) (612) (613) (614) (615) (616) (617) . (618)

Rural- 203 4 8 12 '7 1,113 161 173 16 204 3 17 32 t) 1 242 26 59 205 92 5 12 1 206 4 3 5 261 23 117 S 207 1 3 3 3 284 10 123 10 207A 6 2 1 208 5 4 1 1,049 76 47 5 209 1 3 847 119 2'7 7 210 1 14 1 10 805 239 22 211 '4 3 329 73 222 S 212 18 21 18 1,494 171 182 5

Rural Total 4 1 65 2 74 :10 51 9 6,522 905 984 61

Urban- _. I 34 City . " 4: 25 1 4 107 11 48 16 35 Do, I 3 2 3 14,0 9 105 72 Non·city 20 18 62 505 3 183 1 73 Do, I 4, 5 1 12 11 2 74 Do. 11 1,465 17 66

Urban Total 6 63- 1 29' 1 65 2,229 51 40.2 19 District Total 10 1 1.28 3 10'3 11 116 9 8,151 956 1,388 80

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24. MALABAR DISTRIOT. ,INFIRMITY.

L-Jncidence of .Leprosy 'by Livelihood Classes for taluks.

This table shows for each taluk in the district the inci-' 3. Information regarding the number of leprosy cases and dence of leprosy among the population, males and females by the eight livelihood classes. d

I. Cultivators of land wholly or mainly owned and their dependants.

Males. Females. Males. . Females, Taluk. r------~------~ Lep- Doubt· Lep- Doubt- Lep. Doubt- Lep- Doubt- Total. rosy ful Tota1. rosy ful Total. rosy ful Total. rosy ful ca.ses. cases.' cases, cases. cases. cases. cases, cases,

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (II) (12) (13)

(Jhirrakkal 243 182 61 108 77 31 7 7 5 5

Kotta.y~ c 142 115 27 104 78 26 6 5 .1 6 6 WynA.a.d 12 11 1 6 6. 4 4 1 I Kurumbranad 183 154 29 44 34 10 22 19 3 3 3 Kozhikode 424 ~79 45 152 130 22 6 6 2 1 1 Laccadive Islands 65 58 7 57 39 18 7 7 3 3 Ernad 234 188 46 109 87 22 II 8 3 2 2 Wltlluvanad 276 228 48 121 95 26 44 39 5 15 12 3 ~onnani ,509 380 129 241 175 66 73 55 18 30 26 4 ~alghat 349 284 65 154 112 42 29 26 3 12 10 2

District Total 2,437 1,979 458 1,096 833 263 209 176 33 79 69 10

Agricultural classes-cont,

II. CultivatorS of land wholly Or ma-inly unowned III. Cultivating labourers and their dependants. and their dependants.

Taluk. Males, Females. Males, Females. r------~-----~ Lep­ Doubt­ Lep­ Doubt­ Lep­ Doubt­ Lep­ Doubt­ Total. rosy ful Total. rosy ful Total. rosy ful Total. rosy ful cases. cases. cases, cases. cases. cases. cases. cases.

(14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) (23) (24) (25)

'Chin-akkal 62 44 18 20 10 10 31 17 14 24 16 8 Kottayam 35 29 6 23 14 9 37 29 8 31 22 9 Wynaad 4 3 1 2 2 1 I 2 2 KU1'Umbranad 55 45 10 11 8 3 35 29 6 12 8 4 Kozhikode 33 26 7 15 7 8 14 9 5 I 1 Laccadive Islands I I Ernad 50 40 Ie> 17 13 4 75 70 fj '47 37 10 Walluvanad 66 53 13 39 32 7 39 29 10 8 7 'I Ponnani 88 61 27 31 21 10 101 77 24 56 38 18 Palghst 53 43 10 16 8 8 123 104 19 57 44 13 447 District Total 345 102 174 115 59 456 365 91 238 175 63 ~o \ ,

M. MALABAR DISTRICT.

L-Ineidenee of Leprosy by Livelihood Classes for taluks.

Agricultural elasses-----cont. Non-agricultural classes.

IV. Cultivating llWIlers ofland, agricultura.l rent V. Production other than cultivation. receivers and their dependants.

Males. Females. Males. Fema.les. Taluk. Lep- Doubt- Lep- Dc;tubt- Lep- Doubt- Lep­ Doubt­ Total. rosy ful Total. rosy ful Total. rosy fuI Total. rosy ful cases. cases. c_s. cases. cases. cases. cases. cases.

(26) (27) (28) (29) (30) (31) (32) (33) (34) {35} (36) (37)

Chirrakkal 9 7 2 1 1 54 43 11 15 12 3 Kottayam 6 4 2 2 2 14 11 3 11 7 4, Wyn..ad 2 2 Kurumbranad 4 4 1 1 21 18 3 9 '1 2 Kozbikodt> .. 5 4 1 1 1 43 34 9 11 6 5 Laocadive Islands 34 29 5 32 19 13 Ernad 2 1 1 3 3 39 32 7 15 14 1 Walluvanad 11 6 5 4 2 2 20 18 2 8 6 2 Ponnani 13 11 2 5 2 3 64 48 16 30 17 13 Palghat 15 11 4 11 7 4 47 36 15 12 3

District Total 65 48 17 28 18 10 338 271 67 146 100 4&

Non-agricultural classes--cont. VI. Commerce. vn. Tra.nsport. Males. Females. Males. Females. Tal uk. Lep- Doubt- Lep. Doubt- Lap- Doubt- Lap. Doubt- Total. rosy ful Total. rosy ful Total. rosy ful Total. rosy fuI cases. cases. cases. cases. cases. cases. cases. caSf\S.

(38) (39) (40) (41) (42) (43) (44) (45) (46) (47) (48) (49)

Chirrakkal 20 16 4 10 7 3 2 2 3 3 Kottayam 13 12 1 9 8 1 4 4 3 3 Wyn_d Kurnmbranad 2Q 17 3 5 5 1 1 Kozmkode .• 32 23 9 3 2 1 8 8 2 2 Laccadive Islands 1 1 4, 4 8 5 3 Jj:rnad 21 16 5 5 3 2 4 2 2 I 1 Walluvanad 13 11 2 2 2 2 2 I'onnani 34 27 7 18 15 3 8 6 2 5 4 1 Pa.lghat 20 16 4, 13 5 8 2 2

District Total 173 138 35 66 47 19 35 31 22 18 '1s

24. MALABAR DIS1RICT.

L-Incidenee of Leprosy by Livelihood Classes for taIuks.

~on-agricultura] classes--cont. VIII. Other services and miscellaneous sources.

Males. Females. ~ .-- -"--- "'-\ Taluk. Total. L6prosy cases. Doubtful cases. Total. Leprosy cases. Doubtful cases. (50) (51) (52) (53) (54) (55)

Chirakkal 58 46 12 30 23 7

Kottayam 27 21 6 19 16 3 Wynaad 1 1 1 1 - Kurumbrana.d 25 21 4 3 3 Kozhikode -. 283 269 14 117 110 7 Laccadive Islands 19 17 2 13 12 1

Ernad 32 19 13 19 14 5

Walluvanad 81 70 11 45 34 11

Ponnani 128 95 33 66 52 14

Palghat 60 46 14 30 26 4

District Total 714 605 i{)S 343 291 52

Malaba.r-ll 21 ••ALABAR DISTRICT.

Section (ii)

Rural Statistics.

This is an abstract giVIng a complete list of villages course of the Census of Small-scale Industries and the and towns in each taink in the district with sex:wise number of leprosy cases and doubtful cases are also given distribution of population in each livelihood class in in the abstract. the villages alone. Among the other items of statistical 2. For detailed explanation of the livelihood classes I information_ furnished, th~se relating c to occupied houses, households: . inmates of institutions and houseless pe;~ons to VIII, see fly-leaf of general population Table A-V. and literates, were obtained from the National Register of 3. The areas included in each Census tract in the Citizens prepared for each village from the information district have been furnished in the lly.leaf to Table B-1. recorded in the enumeration slips. Village-wise statistics of textile and non-textile establishments collected in the 4. A list of villages with a population exceeding 5,000 but treated as rural is given as appendix: :_

LiBl oj villages in Malabar district containing a population oj over 5,000 but treated as rural.

Name oj the village. Name oj the village. Name oj the village. Name oj the village. Chirtlkkal taluk- Wynaad taluk--cont. Ernad taluk- Ernad taluk--Kondotty. Me1muri. Ramanthall (P). Kalpatta (P). Nediyerup. Payyanad. Kunh:im.angalam (P). Meppadi (P). U rangstteri. Vettikkattiri. Thaliparamb80 (P). Mam.bad. Pandikode. Puthiangadi. Amarambalam. Tuvur. Puttuorn. Kurumbranad taluk.- Karumarakkad. Karuvarukundu. Maltul. Azhiyur. Cberuvayur. Trikkulam. Cherukunnu· Kunnummakara. Kazhuparamba. Tirurangadi. Kanna.puram. Eramala (P). Vazhayur. Valiyora. Kalliasseri. Edacheri (P). Chekode. Mattathur. Pappinisseri (P). Vellure (P). Vilayil. Malapuram.. Azhicode (P). Cherode (P. B·). Ariyekodu. Mannumbra. Baliapattam (P). Nadapuram {Pl. Edavanna. Tennalia. Chirakk81. Puthuppanam. Wandoor. ,,~aladulam. Puzhathi (Chjrakk;al). Villiappally (P). Vaniyambalam. P.a.rappur. Chalat. Chera8uram. Kalikavu. Puthur. PUi/:hathi (Puzhadi) Iringa. Velipurarn. Ponmala. Chovva. Tiruvallore. Azhinkundam. Kotta.kkal. Mamba. Meppayur (P). Cherukavu. M uzhappila.ngad. Cheruvannore (P). Andiyurkunnu. Athiyod. Ka\7anoor. Walluvanad taluk- Tiruvangoor. Challambra. B:ottayam taluk- Balu8Seri (P). PallikkaI. Edathanathukara. Aralam. Unnikkulam (P). Kanpur. Arakurssi. Koothuparamba (P)· Kuzhimanna. Thankara. Dharmadam. Kozhikode taluk- Pulpetta.. Attappady. Kaduoor (P). Elankur. Kodur.. Tamarasseri. Vellayur. Alanallur. Panoor (P). Nanminda. Eranholi. K9.dalundi. Pottasseri. Kochuvally (P) Mannur. Kodiyoor. Thiruvambadi. Perinthahnanna. Minaprom. Va.llikunnu. Panga. Thalakkulathur. Thenhipalam. Kariyod. Elathur. Thazhikkode. Peruvallur. Thachanathikara. Kunnamagalam. Movayur. Kulukkallur. Wynaad taluk- Pudiyangadi. Vallimukku. Parayancheri. Thiruvegappura (P). Vallunambram. Cherupulasseri (P). Tirunelli (P). NelIiyode. Karuva.mbrom. Thavinhal (P). Chevayur. Pattambi (P). Manantody (P). Parappanangad i. Va.llaJlUzha. Bepur (P). Neduva. Chjnnangad. Vellam\lnda (P). NaJIalam. Munniyur. Kuppat.hodi amsom. Olava.nna. Vaniamkulam (P). Koduvayur. Perur. 241. MALABAR DISTRICt'.

Rural' Statistics.

List of villages in M alabal' diatrkt containing a population oj over 5,000 but treated all rural--cont.

Name oj the vill?rJ? N a~ ?i ,the vill~rJe. N arne of the vill~g.. N arne oj the village. Ponnani taIuk- • Po'imanl t8J.Uk=----Cont. • Poimani taluk-{)(Jnr. • PaJghat truuk--cont. Periyapuram. Koodallur. Chavakkad. Parli (P). Ozhu"l'. Cherukuttangad. Thaikkad. Pudupariya;ra.m. Omachapuzha. Izhuvathiruthi. Pavarathy. Kottekad. Perumanna. Edapam. Venmanad. PudUBB"ri. Tannalur. Kumaraneaur. Chittattukara. Kottayi (P). Ponmundam. Thrithala~ . Elav.alJi. ElappuJIy (P). Cheriyamundam. KoloJomba.· Kl.ina~hiyur.· ParuthipalJy. Valavenur. Kavukode. MuJIasseri. Kuthanur. Kalpakamcheri. N agalasseri. Venkidangu. Kuzhalmanam· Marakara. Tirumittucode. Engandiyur. Thenkurssi. Melmuri· Alangode. Vadamapalli. Peruvemba. Niramanithur. Kottachira. Talikkulam. Polpully. Therur. Veliyangode. N~ttika. Kavasseri. Kanmanam. Pallikkara. Chapp alIi pry. Alathur (P). Ananthapur. N annammukku. Edathorutty. Kunisseri. Kurumbathur. Othalur. Chandrappini. Koduvayur (P). Adhavanad. Ayiror. Kaipamangalam. Pudukkodi. Kattiparati. Kadikkad. Perinhanam. Mudappallur. Valiyakunnu. Pllnnayurkulam. Koolimuttam. Chittilanchery. Pachattiri. Punnayur. Pappiuivattom. Vadavannur (P). Talakkad. Vadakkedad. Patinharavemballur. Pallassana (P). Tirunavaya. Edakkazhiyur. Panangad. Kollengode (P). Naduvattam. Vylathur. Ala.. Muthalamada. Kuttipuram. Kottappady. Kaunambra. Mangalam. Manathulai. Palghat taluk- Va.dakkanchery (P). Trikkannapuram. Cllowghat. Kongad. Kizhakkanchery (P). Parathur. Kadaprom. Mundur. Vandazhi. Kaladi. Orumanayur. Agathethara .

Malabar-llA 84

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24. MALABAR DISTRICT. PART C-HOUSEHOLD AND 0-1. House­ This table has boon prepared in respeot of a population oovering the members of sample households thousand households. The sample households selected include roughly every tenth household in every numbering block or locality in Urban areas.

2. The Agricultural and the Non-Agricultural classes refer to the four agrjcultural "and the four-non agri- Tribes and other classes not treated as non-backward by the State Government for the purpose of1951 Census.

3. Columns (2) to (5) of the table relate to all the households and household population in the entire

4. The figures have been given for each Census tract (vide fly-leaf to Table B-I) denoted by its number in

Total household population. Sample households. Total ,------. Total ,--- Tract No. number of number of Sample of household population. households. Persons. Males. Females. sample r---- -...... -- households. Persons_ Males. Females. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) Rural- 203 78,520 492,226 237,570 254,656 97 687 336 351 204 53,397 329,382 158,185 171,197 63 330 146 184 205 34,540 169,195 92,016 77,179 32 175 101 74 206 87,385 504,076 247,693 256,383 108 645 307 338 207 58,616 356,425 177,043 179,382 lIS 691 353 aap 207A 2,276 13,972 6,795 7,177 3 18 6 12 208 104,580 583,700 285,867 297,833 120 682 330 352 209 96,641 539,138 257,901 281,237 118 635 314 321 210 53,916 321,072 Ib5.332 _ 165,740 65 391 187 204 211 72,24:1 422,166 196,018 226,148 90 487 228 259 212 94,580 515,5403 245,662 269,881 94 500 261 239 Rural Total 736,692 4,246,895 2.060,082 2.186,813 908 5,241 2,569 2,672

Urban- 34 City 25,799 156,103 78,196 77,907 11 67 39 28 35 Do. 11,464 68,268 33,582 34,686 10 73 39 3.4 72 Non-city 11,618 81,971 39,694 42,277 4 28 17 I1 73 Do. 18,703 113,467 55,389 58,078 34 200 87 113 74- Do. 12,720 82,605 40,658 41,947 11 46 21 25 Urban Total 80,304 502,414 247,519 254,895 70 414 203 211 District Total 816,996 4,749,309 2,307,601 2,441,708 978 5,655 2,772 2,883

Agricultural •• 519 2,999 1,486 1,513 Non-agricultural 459 2,656 1,286 1,371) Backward 504 2,930 1,'4l4 1,516 N on-BackW'90l:d 474 2,725 1,358 1,367 223 n AGE (SAMPLE) TABLES. hold (size). selected from the entries in the National Register of Citizens on the basis of one household for everyone hundredth house-numbering block in the Rural areas and every fiftieth household in every twentieth house-

(}ultural classes mentioned in Table A-V .. The Backward Classes include the Schedule Castes, the Scheduled Anglo-Indians are included among the non-backward classes. district while column~ (6) to (17) relate to the sample households ~eJected. column (1). The areas oovered byeaoh census tract have been given in the fly-leaf to 'Table B-I.

Sfl.mple households--eont.

r------"- ~ Size of householde. ____-A-_- r- Sma.n. MBdimn. La.rgB. VmylargB. Tca.ctNo. r- r- r----A..--, r----A------, 3 members or less. 4-6 members. 7-9 members. 10 members or above. .r- r- __...., ,-----A.. ,....---A- Number. Persons. Number. Persons. Number. Persons. Number. Persons. (10) (11) , (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) Rural- 14 40 38 175 30 227 15 245 203 7 18 27 137 11 95 18 80 204 8 15 9 40 12 89 3 31 205 10 27 61 306 29 224 8 88 206 21 53 53 267 32 243 12 128 207 2 10 1 8 207A 28 69 57 300 27 219 8 94 208 28 65 58 298 23 175 9 97 209 16 41 25 132 16 124 8 94 210 21 48 41 196 22 170 6 73 211 23 57 43 206 20 147 8 90 212 176 433 414 2,067 223 1.721 95 1.020 Rural Total

Urban- a 8 2 10 4 29 2 20 34 City 2 5 4 17 1 9 3 42 35 Do. 2 4 2 24 72 Non-oity 10 17 13 62 7 55 4 66 73 Do.. 3 5 7 34 1 7 74 Do. 29 ,39 26 123 13 100 11 152 Urban Total - , 196 4'12 440 2,19D 236 1.821 106 1,172 District Total

103 250 239 1,196 123 941 54 612 Agricultnral 93 222 201 994 113 880 52 560 N on~a.gricultnral 93 233 236 1,186 121 941 54, 570 Backward ~O3 239 204 1,004 115 880 52 602 Non.Backwa:fd- 24•• ALABAR DISTRICT. O-Il.-Livelihood Olasses This table showb the livelihood distribution by age-groups for rural, urban and district totals in respect of a. The ten per cent sample was taken out as follows :- Eaoh enumeration pad which consisted generally of 100 enumeration slips was broken and the slips 'rela.ting the pack of slips for being dealt with separately. The paok was then "cut" as in a card-game. The lower and the other marked" S" a· follows:- The first five slips were placed in the pigeon-hole "G", then one slip was placed in the pigeon-hole" S". the total number of slips left was less than 9 and these residuary slips were all put into "'bole "G". All th& No smoothing formula has boon adopted in preparing the table as in previous Censuses and the The figures under age' 0 ' represent infants below one year.

Sample popula.tion. Livelihood classes. r-- ,..... Agricultural classes. r- I. Cultivators of II. Cultivators of Age.group. Persons. Males. Females. land wholly or land wholly or III. Cultivating mainly owned mainly utlOWlled la.bourers and and their and their their dependants. dependa.nts. dependants . r- r- ..... r- .A. Males. Femalei:l. Males. Females. Males. Females. (1) (2) (3) (4) Rural- (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) 0 10,884 5,429 5,455 1- 4 402 355 1,306 1,146 1,1&9 46,436 24,065 22,371 1,720 1,656 5-14 1.628 5,524 4,962 5,736' 5,30& 101,788 51,861 49,927 3,701 3,767 15-24 88,310 11,984 11,766 12,557 11,993 41,221 47,089 2,900 3,163 9,109 10,239 25-34 60,232 27,348 32,884 10,281 12,044 35-44 1,723 2,142 5,562 6,588 6,855 8,61S 47,056 22,516 24,540 1,329 1,651 4,398 45-54 35,541 17,158 5,139 5,753 6,546 18,383 1,251 1,289 3,739 3,856 55-64 22,145 10,791 11,354 4,203 5,170- 65-74 947 799 2,853 2,548 2,333 2,935- 9,695 4,600 5,095 443 454 1,358 75 and over 3,765 1,130 861 I,ll3 1,659 2,106 196 177 449 535 Age not sta.ted 40 28 12 317 465 3 8 3 3 2', Rural Total 425,892 206.676 219,216 14,615 10,425 46,290 47.912 50,088 55,848- Urban- O 1,234 637 597 5 9 15 1- 4 5,300 2,519 17 8 7 2,781 31 29 70 60 5-14 11,355 5,645 5,710 56 54 92 87 156 143 150 15-24 10,477 5,081 5,396 78 144- 75 147 150 122 138 25-34 7,985 3,745 4,240 47 47 35-44 5,914 72 78 87 134, 2,956 2,958 33 33 44 88 45-54 4,258 2,210 2,048 73 80- 29 28 36 58 46 55-64 2,525 1,310 1,215 19 59- 65-74 31 36 39 37 43 1,149 538 611 5 9 21 75 and over 466 247 20 13 16: 219 3 7 8 5 6 Age not stated 6 5 I 6- Urban Total 60,669 24,893 25,776 842 305 605 858 603 681 District- 0 12,118 6,066 6,052 407 364 1,321 1,163 1- 4 51,736 26,584 1,197 1,663 25,152 1,751 1,657 5,594 5,022 5,792 5-14 113,143 57,506 55,637 3,793 3,854 5,36() 15-24 98,787 12,140 11,909 12,712 12,137 46,302 52,485 2,978 3,238 9,256 10,389 25-34 6S,.:!17 31,093 37,124 10,403 12,182- 1,770 2,189 5,634 6,666 6,942 35-44 52,970 25,472 27,498 1,362 1,684 4,442 8,752- 45-54 39,799 19,368 5,2~7 5,826 6,626- 20,431 1,280 1,317 3,775 3,914 4,249 55-64 24,670 12,101 12,569 966 830 5,229- 65-74 10,844 2,889 2,587 2,370 2,978 5,138 5,706 448 463 1,379 1,16D 75 and over 4,231 1,906 2,325 874 1,129 199 184 457 540 323 Aae not statOO 46 33 13 3 471 8 3 3 2 Plstrict Total 476,561 231,569 244,992 14,957 15,780 46,896 48,570 50,69' 56,529 225 by _Age-groups. sample population baoed on a ten per cent sample taken out when the enumeration slips were initially sorted. to displaood persons which had been noticed during the process of the preliminary scrutiny were ~moved from po~;on was placed above the upper portion and the slips were dealt into two pigeon-holes one marked ,~ G H

Thereafter for every nine slips placed in the pigeon-hole" G ", one slip was p1a.ced in the pigeon-hole" Sunsli ,~ slips contained in the pigeon-hole marked " S" were taken out, counted and marked as ' Sample' slips. fi!lUres have been tabulated as actually returned in suitable age-groups.

Livelihood classes--cont. ..., Agricultural ------classes-cont. Non-agricultural clasaes. ,--___"_ r- ___A- IV. Non-cultivating Pe1.'8ons (including dependants) who derive their principal means of owners of land livelihood from a.gricultural rent r- Age.group. :receivers a.nd V. Production VIII. Other their dependants. eJther than VI. Commerce. VII. Transport. services and oultivation. miscellaneous sources. r-~-__" r- "- "----, r- "----, r-_.A----, Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Fe- - males. (ll) (12) (18) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) Rural- 118 95 795 751 424 437 109 122 1,086 893 0 453 427 3,596 3,445 2,OB 2,134 491 481 4,534 3,988 1- 4 I,lll 1,069 7,467 6,911 4,363 4,190 932 912 9,746 9,319 5-14: 677 I,OO~ 7,022 7,385 3,081 3,476 770 836 7,381 8,937 15-24 359 638 4,652 5,035 2,367 2,611 661 604 5,169 6,648 25-34 30S 623 3,595 3,612 2.045 1,693 54:9 368 4,542 4,908 35-44 300 504 2,612 2,609 1,421 1,165 345 263 3,287 3,527 45-54 275 332 1,557 1.636 802 743 161 170 1,863 2,191 55-64 158 192 692 798 299 377 47 71 742 960 65-74 76 89 195 280 1()7 156 46 32 273 372 75 and over 5 I 1 1 1 1 7 4 Age not stated , 3,882 4,978 82,188 82,463 16,921 16,983 4,112 3,860 33,630 41,747 Rural Total

Urban- 11 9 178 149 164 159 33 47 228 200 0 44 46 677 730 620 594 200 221 821 1,047 1- 4 120 127 1,365 1,329 1,289 1,265 363 394 2,105 2.221 5--l4, 125 134 1,349 1,313 1,042 1,136 336 380 1,882 2,070 15-24 59 83 923 1,073 843 906 359 272 1,355 1,647 25-34 48 85 741 650 659 574 309 183 1,049 1,265 35-44 51 76 569 478 467 426 156 108 856 815 45--54 3~ 46 260 277 234 264 48 69 644 446 55-64 .'.' 31 21 106 163 96 133 22 29 244 20.0 65-74 ~ .... 8 9 38 4:0 40 55 5 12 189 85 75 andOver 2 2 1 1 Age not stated 529 886 6,_ 6,202 5,406 5,513 1,832 1,715 9,318 10,016 Urban Total

District- 129 104 973 900 588 596 142 169 1,3.09 1,.093 .0 497 473 4,273 4,175 2,631 2.728 691 7.02 5,355 5,.035 1- 4: 1,231 1.196 8,'832 8,240 5,652 5,455 1,295 1,3.06 11,851 11,54.0 5-14 8.02 1,143 8,371 8,698 4,123 4,612 1,1.06 1,216 9,263 11,.0.07 15-24 418 721 5,575 6,108 3,210 3,517 1,.02.0 876 6,524 8,295 25-34 353 7.08 4,336 4,262 2,704 2,267 858 551' 5,591 6,173 35-44 301 58.0 3,181 3,087 1,888 1,591 501 371 4,143 4,342 45-54 3.07 378 1,817 1,913 1,086 1,007 209 239 2,507 2,637 55-64 189 213 798 961 395 51& 69 100 986 1,180 65-74 84 '98 233 320 147 211 51 44 412 457 75 and ove!" .... 7 1 3 2 2 1 7 4 Age not stated 4,361 5,8H 88,396 38,665 22,8.77 22,496 5,944 5,.575 41,948 51,163 Dfstrlet Total Malabar-29 240. MALABAR DISTRICT. C-IV-Age and Literacy. This is yet -another table prepared in respect of the ten 3. The figUres are given for each Census tract per cent samples of the general population (vide fly-leaf denoted by its. number _in cloumn (I). The areas as tQ Table C-I1). ' - - covered by each Census tract have been specified in the fly-leaf to table R .. I. ' 2. Age-groups 0 an«:JI to 4 given in Table C-II have been 4. • Literates' are those who are able to read and write any combined into one age-group, and the age-group 5 to 14 has simple letter in allY language. _ " been split mto two sub-groups.5 to 9 and 10 to 14. Persons 5. Persons who are partly literate; i.e., persons who are of age-group 0 to -4 ace treated as illiterate. able to read only, have been inolMed among the illiteraies. Details for such persons are given below :-

Age, 5-9. Age, 10-14. Age, 15-24. Age, ~5-34. Age, 35-44. Tra.ct No. tr- ....A.. "'- ,--1""""_ ,-"""_ r-----"------.,

-~ -Males. _ Females.~. 101ales. - Females. 0 -Males.. _-"- Fema.l.e&r - -Males. . - Females. Males. Females·

(l) (2) (3) (4) {5) , (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (ll) Rural- 203 31 15 30 22 46 37 23 28 21 " 12 204 22 .14 24 16 11 26. _ , 8. 25 9 11 205 5 2 S :I 7 4 G 7 2 206 20 9 45 19 32 21 25 IB 21 12 207 14 15 17 6 13 14 15 10 4 9 2l·7·A 2 8 13 10 24 5 21 10 13 208 24 '18 29 - 51 40 59 24 49 24 26 209 •. 23 28 40 35 40 44 24 17 28 15 :1l0 •. 40 37 26 52 32 42 21 30 14 13 211 186 32. 82 53 69 89 93 60 $6 54 212 .' 21 32 31 25 41 19 35 23 32 8 Rural. Total •. 838' 202 840 295 347 379 273 2S4 196 175 Urban- 34 CIty .' 5 1 5 Ii 4 4 3 4 4 2 35 Do· 4 4 2 2 3 2 3 2 72 Non-city 3 5 li 4 2 6 3 3 1 2 73 Do.- II 14 16 24 31 43 :>0 20 22 '14 Do..... 5 15 8 18 -8 17 5 18 -8 8 Urban 'J otal 28 25 30 :15 40 61 56 48 35 34 Dl&triet Total •. 416 22'1 3'10 340 387 440 329 832 231 209

Age, 45-54. Age, 55-64. Age,65-74. Age, 75 and Age not above. stated. Tract No. r-~ r ~---. r------"-----. r-___"""'_-----, Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females.

(12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (IS) (19) (20) (21)

Rural"::" 203 18 5 7 2 2 1 2 204 111 4 4 1 3 205 1 2 3 .. . . 1 1 206 16 7 II 4 6 1 2 1 44 .207 .• 11 3 - 2 ,2 1 ~07.A 4 10 5 4 3 3 ._ 2 1 208 8 13 'II 8 7 6 1 1 209 9 12 5 13 3 6 I 1 210 .-. 10 Jl 5 8 1 1 1 211 .' .. , 37 38 22 20 11 20 1 11 -.. 212 20 -12 16 . 6 9 6 BUral iotal .. 245 117 91 68 45 45 11 15 45 Urban- 4 5 :2 . 2 34 City --._ .' 2 4 - 2 1 4 35 Do. .' 72 Non-city ,'. 2 " . 1 '73 Do~ __ -." 12 11 6 4 13 3 3 I­ 74 Do' ., 25 4 18 6 1 I urban -Total 43 2a 26 :18 16 6 a .2 ." bistiict total 288 140 '1.1'1- 'S6 61 51 14 17 45 2!7.

24. MALABAR DISTRICT. . C-lV-Age and Literacy.

SampI~ population. Age, 0--4. ...A ''!'root No. Total. Literate. Illiterate. Dli$el'ate. . ---- ,r- ...... Persons~ Males. Females.. Males. Females. Males. Fema.les. Males. Fe- males. (1) , (2) (3) (4,-" (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) , &ral- 20S 49,741 24,068 25,673· 11,781 5,72~ 12,287 19,944. 3,272 3,169 204 32,992 15,621 17,365 . 8,677 5,101 6,950 12,264 2,211 2,320 205. 16,966 9,334 7;632 3,050 1,004 6,28'4 6,628 1,324 1,327 206 50,134 24,265 25,869 10,~liO 4,514 13,625 21,355 3,174 3,243 207 85,823 1-7,978 17,845 7,907 4,273 10,071 13,57,2 .2,840 2,479 201-A. . 1,401 674 72T 221 @ 453 669 99 104

208 58,689 28,856 29,833 9,598 4.835 19,258 24,998 4,189 4,076 209 53,629 25,674 27,955 9,058 5,577 16,616 22,378 3,985 3,337 210 32,315 15,676 16,639 5,114 2,960 10,562 13,679 2.305 2,137 2.11 42,581 19,870 22,711 8,036 5,751 11.834 16.960 2,883 ~.335 212 51,621 24,654 26,967 8,234 4,454 1~,420 22,513 3,212 3.299 Rural Total .. 425,892 206,676 219,216 82.816 44,256 124.380 174,980 29,494 2'1,826

Urban- :-;4 City 15,764 7,894 7,871> 4,552 2,544 3,342 5,326 1,119 1,~45 3~ Do. 6,953 3,4:99 3,45,4 2,003 1,224 ' 1,496 2,230 403 419 '12 Non-city .• 8,243 3,993 4,250 2,518 1,740 1,475 2,510 5.Q8 1)18 73 Do. 11,409 5,507 5,902 2,589 2,334 2,!H8 3,568 633 776 7. Do. S,300 4,000 4,300 1,775 1,098 2,~25 3,202 493 520

Urban Total 50,~69 24,893 25,776 13.. 4087 8,940 11~~56 16,836 8,156 3,378 District Total 476,561 231,569 244,992 95.753 53,196 185,816 191,796 32,650 81,204

Age, 5-9. Age, 10-14. Literate. Illiterate. Literate. Dliterate. Tt-act No ,------A.----, ,---~~ -~--"- Males. Fen:uiles.' Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females• (11) (12) (13) (14) . (15) (16) (17) (IS) Rural- 203 477 437 2,215 2.274 1,647 1,267 1,384 '_= '1.644 204 435 343 1,381 1,397 1,445 1,072 622 952 2M .. 94 61 825 655 318 216 682 807 206 323 254 2,391 2,296 1,632 1,041 1,368 2~O22 207 .. 247 233 1,750 1,667 1,259 1,005 776 1,083 207·A 2 1 69 58 33 .4, ·57 80

208 602 297 2,992 3,044 1,736 1,055 2,387 ,2,851 209 464 446 2.772 2.710 1,514 1,035 2,U4 ~,637 210 223 - 202 1.626 1,510 883 673 1,330 1,393 211 377 282 2,133 1,541 1,254 826 1,562 2,123 212 502 372 2,603 2,604 1,482 890 1,858 2,537 Rural Total 3,746 2.928 20,757 19,788 13,208 9,084 14,150 18,12"

Urban- 34 City 212 147 589 679 584 547 256 32~ &5 Do. 114 106 338 280 310 291 124 IS7 72 Non-city 135 91 280 315 389 336 105 134 73 Do. 100 132 553 429 357 393 301 34() 74 Do. 98 83 332 381 271 208 197 ' 302 Urban Total 659 559 2.092 2,084 1,911 1,776 983 1.292 District Total 4,405 3,487 22,849 21,870 15,119 10,859 15,133 19,421 Mala.bar-29 A 228-

M. MALABAR DISTRIOT. a-IV-Age and Literacy.

Age, 15-24. Age, 25-34. Tract No. Literate. Illitera.te. Literate. --r-- Dliterate. Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Fema.les. (19) (20) (21) (22) (23) (24) (25) (26) Bural- .... 203 :3,474 2,023 1,543 3.468 2,254 1,025 204 2,324 1,830 930 2,782 821 1,780 1,566 987 419 205 .. 900 361 921 1,630 206 1,335 786 196 842 920 .. 2,986 1,62~ 1,994 4,025 1,991 827, 207 ~ . 2,138 1,628 1,469 1,318 3,108 207-A 2,181 1,860 812 735 49 22 62 126 1,852 50 9 46 108 208 2.718 1,845 2,780 4,443 209 1,623 916 2,158 3,489 2,385 2,175 2,426 3,689 1,606 210 1,432 874 1,605 3,269 1,060 1,759 2,678 940 528 211 2,485 1.824 1,086 2,064 1,615 3,350 1,246 1,194 1,067 212 2,094 1,415 2,846 2,397 4.206 1,419 747 1,801 3,160 Rural Total 22,985 15,808 18,236 31,281 15,34. 8,115 12,007 24,769 Urban- 34 City 1,286 888 344 35 Do. 707 995 434 271 571 367 206 338 347 824 72 Non-city 691 191 107 314 565 193 323 499 361 73 Do. 694 677 265 88 357 74 577 477 509 314 Do' 489 367 342 587 526 298 218 349 506 Urban Total 3,731 2,864 1,350 2,532 2,616 1,713 1,129 2,527 District Total 28,718 18,672 19,51'6 33,813 17.957 9.828 13,186 27.296

Age, 35-44. Age, 45--54• ,...... Tract No. Literate. Illitera.te. Literate. nli~rate. I "- "- ..... Males. Females. Males. Females. , Males. Females. Males. (27) (28) (29) Females. (30) (31) (32) (33) Rural- (34) 203 1,707 506 204 931 2,358 1,176 264 1,141 468 484 1,520 9Il 1,983 201i .. 476 841 215 428 99 830 701 307 1,260 206 .. 1,664 384 1,145 42 li27 528 207 2.545 1,050 213 .. 1,004 307 915 1,582 1,094 2.0.0 207·A 36 674 163 777 12 41 71 19 1,225 6 36 33 208 - 1.352 .. 389 1,779 2,919 787 209 1.242 485 175 1,538 288 1,464 2,553 915 825 210 708 217 989 1,128 2,020 211 1,742 475 141 960 976 958 1,740 749 1,13? 212 1,076 852 373 780 484 1,614 2,482 844 1,726 319 1,250 1.987 Rural Total 11,866 4,327 11,150 20,213 7,940 2,236 9,218 18,147 Urban- 34 City 665 238 309 671 35 Do. 244 517 180 281 120 129 242 201 501 72 Non-oity 360 193 87 98 183 73 Do. 108 338 249 105 349 340 287 362 96 245 74 Do. 277 252 185 188 100 228 354 166 213 52 162 297 Urban Total 1,896 991 1,061 1,967 1,885 609 825 1.4039 District Total 13,261 5,818 12,211 22,180 9,825 1,845 10,043 17.586 229

~ MALABAR DISTRICT. C-JV-Age and Literacy. Age, 55-64. Age, 65-74.

Tract No. Literate. Illiterate. Literate. Illiterate. "- Males. Female8. Males. Females, Males. Females. Males. Females. (35) (36) (37) (38) (39) (40) (41) (42) Rural- 203 549 134 761 1,344 393 59 215 637 204 536 115 338 8')2 302 51 170 397 205 .. 118 19 241 232 89 6 67 65 206 .. 629 107 731 1,235 272 42 287 561 2

Urban- 34 City 168 73 99 281 90 29 48 1M 35 Do. 148 42 60 157 55 16 23 82 72 NOD·City 129 60 50 158 49 22 28 83 73 Do. 180 67 274 169 150 22 26 141 '74 Do. 102 36 100 172 61 27 8 53 Urban Total 727 278 588 937 405 116 133 495 District Total 5,467 1,383 6,634 11.188 2,708 590 2.430 5,118 '_'I!"

Age. 75 and over. Age not stated. Tract No. Literate. Dliterate. Literate. Illiterate. f -A. Male8. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females. (43) (44) (45) (46) (47) (48) (49) (50) Rura.1- 203 104 14 124 283 1 2 204 86 20 75 204 I 1 2 205 .. 12 4 24 58 1 206 .. 93 21 123 280 207 .. 59 11 103 187 2 6 207.A 6 9 12 208 59 13 157 217 2 19 2 209 79 24 104 239 1 210 37 10 80 105 ~ll 75 48 96 142 212 74 14 80 200

Rural Total 684 179 975 1,927 3 25 12

1 Urban- 34 City 35 8 26 53 35. Do. 13 4 6 28 2 72 Non.City 17 '1 19 39 73 Do. 28 9 77 35 2 '14 Do. - 13 7 13 29 1 1

Urban Total 108 35 141 184 2 3 j District Total 790 214 1,116 2,111 5 28 13 290 H. MALABAR DlSTBlCT. D-SOCIAL AND aU:(.LTURAL TABLES.' D-I-J.anguQges. (i) Mofher.tongue.

'l1rls table' shows for e'ach Census tract in the district, 2. Mother~tongue means the language spoken by the denoted by its number in oolumn (1) the languages spoken person from the cradle. In the case of infants and deaf­ as mother-tongue and the number of persons speaking mutes the mother-tongue of the mother is taken as the each one of them. The areas covered by each Census mother-tongue, .,' tract have been"specified in the fly-Iea.f to Table B-l.

Malaya.lsm. Ta.mil. Telugu. Kannada. Konkani. ,-_ _.A.. Tract No; - r--__';'_~ r--__.A- r- ,....___J."., , Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. F~ales. Males. Females.

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) , (10) , " (II) Rural- 203 .'. 236,148 253,987 701 370 361 105 151 196 204 .. 158,039 170,925 tl2 94 124 118 25 20 205 .. 86,573 67,552 1,579 2,745 642 463 3,126 6,223 206, .. 247,215 255,915 300 296 166 206 6 7 2 207 .. 176,785 178,887 595 184 312 325 '96 80 207-A 6,799 7,185 7 208 285,442 297,276 462 439 598 105 67 56 .. 209 248,164 275,771 8,307 4,444 888 757 513 148 i 210 155,268 165,542 77 139 72 14 3Q 2U 195,732 225,6021 242 38Illl 36 71 52 61. 212 -209,726 233,156 29,748 30,113 5,355 5,486 1,090 1,123 ,~.. Rural Total 2,006,161 2,131,798 42,110 39,180 8,621 7,708 5,134 7,943 7 4

Urban- 34 City 72,930 72,937 3,063 2,633 694 724 176 233 638 472 35 Do. 19,732 19,891 13;241 13,273 1,023 1,310 135 107 12 4- 72 Non.oity 36,802 39,266 1,079 917 259 318 81 83 940 989 7;) Do. 53,699 56,468 1,563 1,408 240 207 33 29 28 22 74- Do. 38,261 39,599 710 566 60 53 14 14 555 512 Urban Total 221,424 228,161 19,656 18,797 2,276 2,612 439 466 2,173 1,999- District Total 2,227,585 2,359,959 61,766 57,977 10,897 10,820 5,573 8,409 2,180 2.003

English. UrdU. Gujarati. Hindi. l\:[arathi. Tract No. r- A. ,....__.k. ,-__.A.. r----"------. r- -A.. Males. Females. Males. Females. 1\:[ales. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females. (12) (13) (J 4) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21) RurBI- 203 6 2 58 20 11 19 13 204 1 10 9 20 14- 21 5 13 205 ,29 50 59 53 , 42 82 14 '3 206 3 1 2 5· .. 207 21 22 21 31 172 3 15 1 6 8 207·A .. 1 .. 2M 3 2 '13 ... 209 20 28 67 19 35 4 ..... 210 3 3 .-. 211 1 4- 47 6 12 212 26 15 6,'j 53 II 5 Rural Total 55 92 157 181 250 S 185 253 78 54

UrbaD- M City 268 353 425 323 761 489 277 220 285 140 35 Do. 5 6 275 270 10 11 80 86 l4- 17 72 . Non-oity 183 195 276 139 178 162 126 112 46 '39 73 Do. 29 - 30 63 4~ 17 48, " -6 5 47 2. 74 Do. ,638 664- 166 185 58 29 82 94 . 289 463 Urban Total 1,123 1,24S 1,205 957 1,084 7Sa 571 517 681 86t District Total l,l'S 1 ..340 1.382 1,138 1,334 741 758 770 759 716. 231

24. M4LABAR DISTRICT. (i) Mothe,.-tongue~oont.

A.rabio. Sindhi. P,ortuguese. Hindustani. Tulu. Beugali• . ~.,_..... "- """- """ . .. ~__,.A. _____ Tract No. r-~ ,,....-_...._~ I - .._~ " ,...... ,..---"'---.. ~:__..J.,.--.. Males., Fem~. Ma~. Females. Males. Females. Males: Females. Males. Females. Ma.les. Females. , I (22) (23) (24) (25) (26) (27) (2S) (29) (30) (31) (32) (33) BuaI- , , 203 5 1 204 ... ,4 205 3 3 25" .2 .. 4 2 206 ~7 : . ; . .. Q5 1 1 207-A •• \ .,. . , 208 .. 209 .. .. 210 211 12 5 6. , 1 212 108 64 2 1 Rural Total J08 64 3 3 84 7 20 7 10 3

Urban- 1 11 13 31 34 City 229 , - 31 5 35 Do. 146 72 1 72 Non-City 1 4 3 50 101 13 44 " 73 Do. 4 17 2 " 74 Do. I 14 39 13 17 1 Urban Total 231 1 150 89 100 127 17 3'1 31 35 48 District Total 339 65 1.50 89 103 j80 101 7 57 38 45 49

Ifani. Chinese. Jtalian. PersiaD. Nepali. Punjal;li• . Trtlct No. ,--....,-,.,.._-~ ~-__..__~ ,-._A,.--, r-____"__ ,-_--"- ..---J....~ Males. "Females. Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. "Females. Males. Females. Males. Females (34) (35) (36) (37) (~8) (39) (40) (41) " (42) (43) (44) (45) RureJ- 203 5 6 H' I 204 1 ~O5 2 3 206 .. 207 2 7 2 207-A •• " 2()8 209 21() .. 211 1 .. 212 Rural Total 1 9 16 14' 1

Urban- 4 • 94 City 85 10 l4 3 9' 1 'S5 Do. I .. ,72 Non-City 3 7 28 I; 6 ''i3 Do. "e .... 1 4 Do. .. o ••• 72 6 11 .. ,'4 1 ' ... , . ·85 28 8, , Urban Total 82 21 18 '1 1. 7 34, District Total 85 83 'ao 7 28 22- c 1 .' 7 232

Sf. MALABAR DISTRIOT. (i) Mother-tongue-cont.

Baluchi Sinhalese. Burmese. French. Malayan. Swi8l.l. A Tract No. ..--__.A..~ r-----" , r-_-.A-___... r ., r---.A.~ • ~--~ Mal~. Females. Ma.les. Fem.a.les. Ma.les. Fem.a.le~ Males. Females. Males. Females. Malel!l. Females. (46) (47) (48) (49) (50) (51) (52) (53) (54) (55) (56) (57) &'1I'al- 203 II 204: 1 205 1 206 207 16 207.A .. 208 '" 209 210 211 1 1 2 7 212 Rural T()tal 16 13 1 1 a 7

Urb&D- 34 City 4: 2 2 1 1 35 Do. 72 NOD' city 1 3 6 73 Do, 4 74 Do. I 1 4: Z

Urban Total ~ 3 4 8 1 1 1 IS 2' District Total 17 1S 4 5 8 9 1 t 7 5 S

C30rgi or Saurashtra. Kodagu. German. Pusbtu. Slav. Tract No. r--_.A. ----. r----.A.--...... Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females. (58) (59) (60) (61) (62) (63) (64) (65) (6(1) (67) RUfal- 203 204 205 206 207 207·A .. 208 209 210 211 212 Rural Total

Urban- 34 City 7 .. 35 Do. 72 Non-City .• 5' 1 73 Do. 74 Do. 4: .. Urban. Total 1 6 4: 1 1 District Total 1 6 4 1 1 233

2i. MALA,BAR DISTRICT. (i) AIother-tongue-cont. Khondor Irish. Jatapu. Raja.stha.ni. Hebrew. Tract No. Males. Females. 'Males. Females. Males. i'emales. Males. Females. (68) (69) (70) (71) (72) (73) (74) (76) RuraJ- 203 1 -20<\ 203 206 1 207 207· 208 .' 209 210 211 212 Rural Total 1 1

Urban- 34 City 1 35 Do. 72 Non.oity 73 Do. 74 Do. 1 Urban Total. .. 1 1 District Total •• •• 1 ,. 1 1 1

Malabar-SO ! ~ a) -GO -

~ ....cq ....;i · .• -·

.....o .... e

~ ~ C'I .....(Xl .....o Q)

..... t­ .... I:'t:I ..... 0 ..;< ..... ~ ..... 00 ..... o....

o A

1Q o ..... o ......

IQ .,...... IQ

. .

o '. Q r ~ "ill ~;o Malabar-30A 00 Q> tN 000 ...... ,....,~ lQtN

0::) o

...... -...... -.....

...."'"Q>

"'"...... C'O

.- .

I .•..

0 ..... -~~... .237,

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....8 .....co ...... -1)0 .

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co <:> ..... <:>...... <:'I -.-;.

c; .t> § "S i 6 t o· E-c E-c ~ ! d E-c iE-c :>. d U1 d <5 ~ Q t-I ~ a ~ Q 1:1 .... =IS ~ IS I 6' Q ~ .c::a 8 I ~ 1 is ~ i! - :s 'a lC co t<- .... Ct; 5 &,:;) ~ CIJ co:. s .... ~ ¢ <:> 0 $ .... "O!f >I) <:'I co:. I ..c.... """coo ~ t.. ~ ~""" is ~ :>; C'l c-. c:-l c:-l c:-l Gi of CQ Q:I a:- ~ a:-""" t=- p ~ p 238

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. . :) '0 'I!-o

.1:'1...... IOI.Q

. . !iii . . ' ...... tQ . . . . · .. C; Ii C; . · C; r"'l 0;; ;; ~ p ES t>.C; '0 .,t> i '! 100 01 :j !> . '0toe .02 i ~,; I!-o 0 :l .~ !' '06 i o ... :.~ . ·'80 a , ,~ 0 'i:I =1=10 .::! 'I >. -00• ,=A 0, I ~I=I ,}i 1 s:II~ .... IS ') g CI 't: 'I c; =CI - ~, 'ill - ~ -13 z " i ~1i>= ...... i::! .. .! r::::lZ .I ... ~ .f; ..,0 z Il004- ::I 0 1iIi1f<01I) .... .;; Z ... 0 ,. iZ ~Mt-_I:'I ... ,.Q'

... ~~ ...... _ .... g -< ~ . ~ ...i "O! 'ii ] 'iB 'iB -; -; ..p as .to'i' ~ -; ~Oi ""$- .... 0 ...... 'iB 'S ~ - 0 • .... ';.iI' 1i foj s:: ..... :i .1i: 0 ~ ~ 0 ~ Q 0 to '0'" ~ '0 ! ~ ~ o :::..<

f::s

t--t-t- IQ Ie IC

1:5 Co" < Q ~ 0 . ~ ." 'O! ee iI! ~ -....a:s '0 'iB 1> 00 foe ~ 0 Eoo ~ C) -Eo! 0 d "S p~ I~~ 'C- i 'C 1:1 ,Q 0 ~ 0 as ... 0 as Z 1': -= .&l 00 ;: ~ b is 0 ! ,is P " IS ~ 241

24. MALABAR DISTRICT.

D-D-Religion.

This table shows for each Census tract denoted by its 2. The areas comprised in each Census tract have been number in column (1) in the district, the distribution of specifi~ in the fly-leaf to Table B-I. population sex-wise among the major religions. namely, Hindus, Sikhs, Jains, Buddhists, Zoroastrians, Muslims, 3. The details for religions other than the major religions. Christians and Jews. The other religions are classified into i.e., tribal and non-tribal, are given below;- tribal and non-tribal and only the totals are given in the table. Atheist.

Tract No. Tota.l. :Males. Females. (1) (2) (3) (I) Rural- 212 6 5 1 Rural Total 6 5 1 District Total . - 6 5 1

Malabar-al 242

."'" .to- ...... -

• <0 •

....s ..'" .

....00-

...... 0 -

:c» ~ .....

: .... : t- co ....01)

•... -0;, -= • .,.... t:':I

.0) • • t:I!> C':)

.C; .c; .-C .~ Eo< 24.3 24. MALABAR DISTRICT. D-III-Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. This tablA furnishes the numbers of the Scheduled 3. List of Scheduled Castes relating to Madra.s State Castes and Scheduled Tribes sex-wise enumerated in eaoh as given in "The Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order, Cem~us tract (rural or urban) in the district. 1950" is given below :- 2. Area'i oovered by each Census tract denoted by its number in column (1) have been given in the fly-leaf to Table B-I.

1 Adi-Andhra. 17 Chandala. 31 Kadan. 46 Mala Dasu. 62 Panchama. 2 Adi-Dravida. IS Cheruman_ 32 Kalladi. 47 Malasar. 63 Panniandi. 3 Adi-Karnataka. 19 Dandasi. 33 Kanakkan. 48 Matangi. 64 Paraiyan. - 4 Ajila. 20 Devendrakulathan. 34 Karimpalan. 49 MtLvilan.' , -65 Paravan. 5 Arunthathiyar. 21 Dom or Dombara, 35 Kodalo. 50 Moger. . 66 Pulayap.. 6 Baira. Paidi and Pano. 36 Koosa. 51 Muehl. 67 Puthirai Vannan. 7 Bakuda. 22 Ghasi or Haddi, Relli 37 Koraga. 52 Mtindala. 68 Raneyar~ 8 Bandi. and Sachandi. 38 Kudubi. 53 N alakeyava. 69 Samagara. 9 Bariki. 23 Godagali. 39 Kudumban. 54 Nayadi. 70 Samban. 10 BavuI'l. 24 Godari. 40 ~uravan. . .55 PagadaL ..71 Sapari. 11 Bellara. 25 Godda. 41 Kurichchan. 56 Painda. 72 Semman. 12 Byagari: 26 Gosangi. 42 Madari. 57 Paky. • '73 Thoti. 13 Chachati. 27 RasIa. 43 Madiga. 58 PaHan... . ·74 Tiruvalluvar. 14 Chakkiliyan. 28 Holeya. 44 Maila. 59 P~mbada., 75 Valluvan. 15 Chalavadi. 29 Jaggali. 4-5 Mala (including 60 Pamidi. 76 Valmiki. 16 Chamar_ 30 Jambuvulu. Agency Malas). 61 Panan. 77 Vettuvan.

4. List of Scheduled Tribes relating to Madras State as given in .. The Constitution (Scheduled Tribes) Order, 1950, is given below :~ .'. . - -" _

1 Aranadan. 11 Halva. '26 Kudiya. 2 Bagata. 12 Jadapus. -27 Kurumaus.· 3 Bhottadas-Bodo Bhottada, Mw-ia 13 Jatapus. 28 Manna Dhora. Bhottada and Sano Bhottada. 14 Kammara. 29 Maune. 4 Bhumias-Bhuri Bhumia and Bodo 15 Kattunayakan. '30 Mukha Dhora-Nooka Dhora. Bhumia. 16 Khattis-Khatti, Kammarao and 31 Muria. 5 Chenchu. Lohara. 32 Paigarapu. 6 Gadahas-Boda Godaba, Cerllam 17 Kodu. 33 Palasi. Gadaba, Franji Gadaba, Jodia 18 Kommar. 34 Paniyan. Gadaba, Olaro Gadaba, Pangi 19 Konda Dhoras. 35 Porjas-Bodo Bonda, Daruva, Didua. Gadaba and Pranga Gadaba. 20 Konda Kapus. J odia, Mundili, Pengu, Pydi and 7 Gondi-Modya Gond and Rajo Gond. 21 Kondareddis. Saliya. S Uoudus-Bato, Bhirithya, Dudho­ 22 Kondhs-Dasaya Kondhs, Dongria 36 Reddi Dhoras. kouria, Hato, Jatako and Joria. Kondhs, Kuttiya Kondhs, Tikiria 37 Savaras-Kapu Savaras, Khuttc 9 Kosalya Goudus-Bosothoriya Kondhs and Ye.nity Kondhs. Savaras and Maliya Savaras. Goudus, Chltti Goudus, Dangayath 23 Kota. 38 Sholaga. Goudus, Doddu Kamariya, Dudy 24 Kotia-Bartika, Benthe Oriya, Dhulia 39 Toda. Kamaro, Ladiya Goudus and or Dulia, Halva Paiko, Putiya, Pullosoriya Goudus. Sanrona and Sidho Paiko. 40 Inhabitants of the Laocadive, Minicoy 10 Magatha Goudus~Bernia Goudu, 25 Koya or Goud, with its sub-sects­ and Amiudivi islands who, and Boodo Magatha, Dongayath Goudu, Raja or Raeha Koyas, Lingadhari both of whose parents were born i:a Ladya Goudu, Ponna Magatha and Koyas (ordinary) and Kottu Koyas. these islands. Sana Magatha.

5. The tract-wise figures for Anglo.Indians are given sex-wise below :- Anglo-Indian. Anglo-Indian. Males. Females. ~ Tract No. Persons. ---- Tract No. Persons. Male8. Females. (3) (4) (1) (2) (1) (2) (3) (4) Rural- Urban- 3 203 3 34 City .• 584 264 320 35 Do... 204 72 Non-City 428 193 235 205 78 56 22 73 Do. 70 43 27 206 2 2 74 Do. 1,813 875 938 207 12 7 5 Urban Total 2,895 1.375 1,520 207-A 7' District Total 3,010 1.448 1,562 208 9 2 209 7 2 5 210 211 4 1 3 212 Rural Total 115 73 42 Malabar-3lA 244

24. MALABAR DISTRICT.

n-lll-Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.

Scheduled Castes. Scheduled Tribes. Tract No. Persons. Males. Females. Persons. Males. Females. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Rural- 203 22,160 10,396 11,764 483 192 291 204 .. " 3,667 1,782 1,885 3,049 1,'703 1,346 205 12,144 7,197 4,947 39.994 21,052 18.942 206 29,472 14,530 14,942 265 161 104 207 33,813 16,049 17,764 298 ' ISS 110 207A 6,503 3,244 3,259

208 53,617 26,303 27,314 3,436 1.772 1.664 209 60,524, 30,141 30,383 504 160 344 210 29,516 14.752 14,764 211 .. - 51,258 24,019 27,239 344 199 145 212 80,302 39,267 41,035 5 5 Rural Total 376.473 184,486 192,03'7 54,881 28,876 26,205

Urban- 34 City 2,201 1,127 1,074 ·57 3 54 35 Do. .. 3,739 1,802 1.937 23 14 9 72 NOD-City 2,440 1,524 916 72 48 24 73 Do. 6,227 3,007 3,220 15 8 7 74 Do. - - - 1,720 753 967 88 33 55 Urban Total 16,327 8,213 8,U4 255 106 149 District Total 392,800 192,649 200,151 55,136 28,782 26,354 245

24. MALABAR DISTRICT. D-IV-Migrants-Tract where enumerated.

This table gives for each Census tract the number of 3. In respect o~ persons shown as born elsewhere in persous·born in the district and outside but enumerated in Groups B, C, D and F of the table, the details the district. regarding place of birth are given below :- 2. The areas included in each Census tract denoted by its number in column (1) have beAn given in the fly-leaf to Table B·I. Males. Females. B. Elsewhere in Asia­ Arabia •• 121 2 East Indies 93 1 Iran 90 5 Iraq 6 1 Phillippines 3 2 Thailand 1

C. Elsewhere In Europe-­ Austria •• 1 Germany Holland •• 16 4 Italy 2& 30 Portugal 4 Switzerland 4 3

D. Elsewhere in Africa­ East Africa 2 2 Egypt 2 South West Mrica. 2 1

F. Elsewhere in Australasla­ FijiI81~ds - .. .. 1 246

24. MALABAR DISTRICT. D-IV-Migrants-Tract Rut"al r-----....._--~- . 203. Chi.. a.kkal. 204. Kotta.ywn . ~- -.-A.-.-_____~ 200. W;tnad. District, State, etc., or Country r- """\ ,------"-- where born. Persons. MaleS. Females. Persons. Males. Females. Persons. Males. FemaleS. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) Total Population 492,459 287,766 2&4,693 329,540 158,836 171,204- 169,280 92,099 77,181 A. Born In India .. 492,377 237,723 254,654 329,355 158,269 171,086 169,244 92,082 77,t62 I. Within the State oj enumeration. 486,757 234,692 252,OBS 316,527 151,410 165,,117 .44,474 77,94-1 66,533- (i) District of enumeration 485,784 234,120 251,664 316,440 151,354 165,086" 140,152 76,408 63,744- (ii) Other distri ts 973 572 401 87 56 31 4,322 1,533 2.789

11. States in India beyond the 5,610 3,031 2,579 12,698 6,793 5,905 24,753 14,127 10,626 State of enumeration.

(i) States adjacGnt to the State 5,572 2,996 2,576 12,679 6,774 5,905 24,736 14,123 10,613 of enumeration. (a} Orissa. I I (b) Hyderabad 1 1 6 4 2 2 2 (c) Bombay .. 40 39 I 12 5 7 73 2 71 (d} Mysore 19 17 2 1 1 920 441 479- (e) Coorg .. '. 3 2 1 5 3 2 258 194 64 if) Travancore-Cochin 5,509 2,937 2,572 12,655 6,762 5,893 23,482 13,486 9.996

(ii) Other States 38 35 3 19 19 17 4 13 (a) Assam 4 2 2 (b) Bihar (e/ Madhya Pradesh 2 1 1 5 I 4 (d) Punjab .. 2 2 (e) Uttar Pra 'esb 3 1 2 (j) West Bengal 1 1 (g) Rajasthan 4 4- (h) Sourashtra 33 33 18 18 (i) Delhi .. " 1 1 (j} Himachala Pradesh (k) Kutch 1 1 (l) Andal7.lan and Nioobar islands

(iii) Elsewhere in India 10 10 130 66 64 17 14 3- B. Countries in Asia beyond India. 66 38 27 14 9 5. 11 to 1 \i) _1\ fghanistan Iii) Bunn'l 5 1 4, 4 4 2 2 (iii) Ceylon .. 2 2 5 4 1 (iv) Chine. (v) Nepal 13 12 1 1 1 2 2 (vi) Pakistan . . . . 4- 2 2 1 1 (vii) Straits Settlements and 42 22 20 3 2 1 I 1 Malaya. (viii) Elsewhere in Asia 5 3 2

C. Countries in Europe 8 2 6 19 1 tlt (i) United Kingdom and 10 5 5 North Ireland. (ii) Eire . • . . 1 1 (iii) Elsewhere in Europe 8 2 6 8 2 & D. CountrieS In Africa 4 2 2 (i) Union of South Africa (ii) ElfI8where in Afri~a 4 2 2

E. Countries in America United States Ii'. Countries In Australasia 5 1 4 (i) Elsewhere in Australasia.. 5 1 4- • eli} Birth place not returned. 171 58 . 113 6 ~ 247 where enumerated. Tracts.

~ 206. Kurumbranad. 207. Kozhikode. 207.A. Laccadive Islands. 208. Ernad. --. ----., --. Persons. Males. Females. Persons. Males. Females. Persons. Males. Females. Persons. Males. Females. (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (IS) (19) (20) (21) (22) 50+.126 247.&98 256,428 857.648 178.099 179,549 18,992 6,807 7,185 584,463 286,585 297,878 508,971 247,617 256,854 857,224 177.910 179,814 13,989 6,807 7,182 584,448 286,580 297,868 493,314 241,698 251,616 343.355 170,114 173,241 13,988 6,806 7,182 583,631 286,109 297,522

493,221 ~41,656 251,565 342,568 169,428 173,140 13,985 6,803 7,182 583,137 285,840 297,297 93 42 51 787 686 101 3 3 494 269 226 10,623 5,900 4,723 13,866 7,794 6,072 1 1 808 464 344

10,622 5,899 4,723 13,702 7,631 6,071 S07 463 344

3 3 'L 7 7 1.') 12 3 1 1 2 1 1 15 10 {j 1 1 1 1 33 18 15 3 3 10,612 5,891 4,7.21 13,636 7,588 6,048 802 461 341 I 164 163 1 I 1 1 1 ...

.. 1 1 2 1 I 109 109

52 52 1 1 1 1 1 , 1 34 19 15 3 2 1 9 7 2 5 3 2 88 22 16 6 4 2

.. S 2 6 2 2 I I 1 I 1 1

1 1 19 17 .2 4 2 2 6 6 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 2 1 29 12 17 4 1 3 I I 12 6 6 .. I 1 2 1 1 17 6 11 3 1 2

.. . , .. 147 76 71 357 155 202 3 3 5 24:8 24. MALABAR DISTRICT. D-IV-Migrants-Ttaet

Rural Tra.cts-cOnt. r-- __.A. District, State, etc., or Country 211. South Ponnani and 209. Walluvanad. 210. North POnllll.ni. Fort Ooohin. where born. _, r- Persons. Males. Females. ~ Persons. Males. Females. Persons. Males. Females. (23) (24) (25) (26) (27) (28) (29) (30) . (31) Total Population 539.166 257.928 "- 981.243 821,260 155,501 160.759 422,286 196.095 226,191 A. Born in India 539,112 267,901 281,211 821,230 155,487 165,743 422,181 196,052 226,129- I. Within the State oj enumeration. 537,056 256,852 280,204 321,033 155,372 165,661 4115:,914: 194,282 221,632- (i) District of enumeration 536,159 256,320 279,839 320,915 155,289 165,626 415,822 194,239 (ii) Other districts 897 532 365 221,583 118 83 35 92 43 49- II. Statea in India beyond the 2,055 1,049 1,006 State oj enumeration. 196 115 81 6,262 1,767 4,495 (i) States adjacent to the State 2,051 1,047 1,004 185 108 77 6,261, of enumeration. • 1,767. 4.494- Ca) Orissa (b) Hyderabad 2 1 1 2 2 (e) Bombay 23 19 4 5 3 2 5 2 (d) Mysore .. 3 3- 2 1 1 1 4: 3 (e) Coorg .. .. 1 1 1 (J) Travancore·Cochin 2,029 1,025 997 177 102 75 6,252 1,762 4,(94) (ii) Other States 4 2 2 11 7 4 1 (a) Assam 1 (b) Bihar _. .• (c) Madhya PradEsh (d) Punjab .. (e) Uttar Pradesh ( f) West Bengal 3 2 (g) Rajasthan I 1 J I 1 (n) Sourashtra (i) Delhi .. .. 2 (j) Himacbala Prade.. h 1 1 (k) K~h.. •. .. (I) An aman and Nicobar 4 2 2 5 isl.lUds. 3 2 (iii) Elsewbare in India. 1 I 1 1 5 3 2- B. CountrieS 'in Asia be,ond India. S~ 22- 32 SO a 18 94 40 (i) Afgbanistan 5. (ii) Burma 19 7 12 1 1 1 (iii) Ceylon 2 2 . 1 (iv) China 73 33 40- (v) Nepal 4 4 (vi) Pakistan .. . . (vii) Straits Settlements and 28 9 19 25 Malaya.. 10 15 15 4 II (viii) Elsewhere in Asia 1 I 4 4 5 3 ~ C. Countries In Europe (i) United Kingdom and North Ireland. (ii) Eire. . . . •. (iii) Elsew-here in Europe .. D. Oountrles-tn Africa (i) Union of South Africa (ii) Elsewhere in Africa E. Countries In America TJDited States F. Countries In Australasia (i) Elsewhere in Australa.sia. (iI) Birth place not returned •• 11 3 S ,249 wbere enumerawd.

Rural Tracta-cont. Urban Tracts. ---"-- -~ 212. Palghat. Rural Total. 34. Kozhikode City. Persons. Males. Femaies. Persons. Males. Females. Persons. Mates. Females. (32) (33) (34) (35) (36) (37) (38) (39) (4:0) 616,147 246,131 270,016 4.250,367 2,083,040 2,187.327 158,724 80.069 78,665

&18,029 248,09~ 268,938 4,249,160 2,088,5t9 8,186.641 158,065 79,_ 7B,470 512,969 244,753 268,216 4,169,018 2,02().. OJ9 2.148,989 155,154 77.924 17,230 508,664 242,562 266,102 4,156,847 2,014,019 2,142,828 153,397 76.899 '76,498 4,305 2,191 2,114 12.171 6,010 6,161 1.757 1,025 132 3,059 1,338 1,721 79,931 42.379 37,552 2,880 1.603 1,227

3,051 1,336 1,'715 '79,666 42.144 37,522 2,304 1.278 1,026

1 1 2 2 1 1 17 12 5 12 ;') 7 19 9 10 200 99 101 193 11' 79 29 21 8 995 497 498 77 38 39 1 1 305 218 87 11 5 6 3.001 1,304 1,697 78,148 41,318 36,830 2.009 1,1l4 895 8 2 6 265 235 30 576 375 201 3 1 2 7 3 4 1 1 1 I 1 . 1 7 2 Ii 16 11 Ii 2 2 )9 14 5 1 1 5 2 3 7 7 2 1 1 9 4 5 47 42 5 1 1 6 1 5 160 160 .. 385 284 101 3 2 1 6 6 53 53 93 S 85 12 8 4 2 2'

1 1 211 111 100 31 18 13- 85 40 45 402 202 aoo 438 375 81 1 1 19 12 7 61 30 31 21 15 6 7 7 92 42 30 5 4 1 10 10 9 7 2 30 27 3 5 5 24 20 4 89 39 50 49 21 28 176 72 104 9 5 4

1 1 19 11 8 298 296 2 63 24 89 33 23 10 24 12 12 13 6 7 3 1 2 ... 36 11 25 20 17 3 4 2 2 6 4 ...... 4: S •t 4 2 2 2 Z 2 1 -1 .. 2 1 t 5 1 4 •• 5 1 .. 33 33 733 292 441" 180 71 lOt l\fa,labar-3t 250

24. MALABAR DISTRICT.

D-IV--Mlgrant$-Tra~'t

Urban :.....:;__ 73. Non-Oity (Kurumbranad, 72. Non-Cit.y (Cbirakkal Ernad and Walluva- 35. Pa]ghat Oity. a.nd Kotta1am Taluks). nad' TaIUke). D:i.stnct. State, etc., or Country where born. Persons. Males. Females. Persons. Males. Females. Persons. Males. ]!'emrues. (41) (42} (43) (44) (45) (46) . ('47) (48) (49)

Total Population . 69,504 84,529 34,9'75 82,471 40,052 42,419 114,076 55,815 58,261 A. Born in India . 69,207 34,362 34,8405 82,298 3~9S2 42,868 111:,021 5.5,772 58,249 ] _ Within the State oj enumeration. 67,664 33,554 34,110 81,554 39,466 42,088 113,237 55,333 57,994 (i) District of enllDlerBtion _ .. 66,219 32,891 33,328 80,860 39,045 41,815 112,798 55,087 57,7Il (ii) Other districts ., .. 1,445 . 663 782 694 421 273 439 246 193 II. 8tafe8 in India beyond the State I,M2 808 734 787 460 277 767 424 oj enumeration. 343 (i) States adjacent to the State 1,517 788 729 643 413 230 717 386 331 of enumeration. (a) Orissa. 1 1 (b) Ryderabad 4 3 I 12 7 5 (c) Bombay 48 23 25 160 126 34 49 32 17 (d) Mysore .. 32 16 16 121 86 35 12 9 3 (6) Coor~ 6 2 4 24 11 13 1 1 If) Travancore-Cocbin 1,427 744 683 326 183 143 654, 345 309 (ii) Other Stattoll 25 20 5 94 47 47 50 38 12 (a) Assam .. .. (b) Bihar (c) Madhya Pradesh 3 2 1 (d) Punjab •• 1 1 (e) Uttar Pradesh .. 55 32 23 ~ 2 (1) West-Bengal 12 10 2 (11) Rajastan Ik) ,Sowrashtra 6 4 2 22 3 19 27 19 8 (') Delhi 5 5 7 3 4 (j) Himachala Pradesh 2 1 1 (Ie) Kutchi 10 9 1 17 17 (l) Andaman and Nicobar islands. (iii) Elsewhere in India 1 1 7 6 1 17 15 2 B. Countries in Asia beyond India. 75 36 39 108 60 48 51 40 11 (i) Afghanistan . (ii) Burma. 41 17 24 52 25 27 18 9 9 (iii) Ceylon 8 5 3 .4 11 3 1 1 (iv) China 1 1 (v) Nepal 2 1 1 3 3 (Vi) Paki.ata.n 2 1 1 29 24 5 6 6 (vii) IiItraits Sett.lements and 21 11 10 12 12 18 17 1 Mal"ya. (viH) Elsewhere in Asia 1 1 5 4 I

C. Count.ies in EUT~pe S 6 ~ 1 1 (i) United Kingdom and North 5 4 1 Ireland. (ii) Eire...... (iii) Elsewhell& in Europe 3 2 1 I I D. Countries in Africa (i) Union of South Africa (ii) Elsewhere in Africa

E. Countries In America 17 14- S United States 17 14 3 t: Countries In Australasia .. \1) El8ewbe:te in Auatralallia (. (ii) Birth pl8cie not returned. 222 131 91 40, 40 3 2 1 !Jil where enumerated. Trscts--cont. -_ 74. Non-City (Ponnani and Fort Cochin Taluke). ___.A.---__ Urban Total. District Total. ~------. ----"-- Persons. Males. Females. Persons. Males. Females. Persons. Males. Fema.les. (50) (51) (52) (53) (.'H) (55) (56) (57) (58) - , 83,200 40,979 42,221 507,975 251.444 258,531 4,758,342 2,314,484- 2,443.858 83,054- 40,892 42,162 506,645 250,553 256.092 4,755,805 2,313,Q72 2,442.733 77,175 ~t~,372 38,803 494,784 24,1,649 250,135 4,663,802 2,264,678 76,807 '38,118 38,689 490,081 2,399,124 242,040 248,041 4,646,928 2,256,059 2,39@,869 368' 254 '114 4,703 2,609 2,094 16,S74 8,619, 8,255 5,878 2,520 3,359 11,805 5,865 5,940 91,736 48,244 43,492 5,804 2,465 3,339 10,985 5,330 5,655 90.651 47,474 43,171 3 2 1 4 ~ 2 9 6 3 ' 37 21 16 54 58 28 30 33 21 508 323 ISS 708 422 26 11 15 268 160 286 lOS 1,263 657 606 42 18 24 347 236 &,711 2,420 S~291 10,127 4,806 III 5,321 88.275 46,124 42,151 75 55 20 820 535 "285 1.085 770 13 5 8 13 5 315 8 20 8 12 1 1 2 1 9 4 5 28 17 1 II 35 19 16 ! 3 1 24 17 7 26 17 9 .. 64 39 25 69 41 17 13 4 76 65 28 11 85 69 16 .. 6 1 5 .. " 440 :no 130 600 470 32 30 2 130 50 44 6 53 46 2 1 7 1 2' 1 1 120 34 86 173 87 2 2 86 14 10 4 56 39 17 267 150 117 50 86 14 722 547 175 1,124 749 375 1 1 1 1- 5 4 1 137 70 67 198 9 5 100 98 3'1 25 12 129 67 22 22 33 32 62 " I 33 32. 1 10 9 1 40 !'i 1 36 4 4 131 7I 60 155 91 7 4 3 67 37 64 30 243 109, 134 2 1 1 306 302 4 325 313 12 80 48 32 122 78 44 185 102 88 52 33 19 70 43 27 94 55 39 3 1 28 15 13 52 35 17 2 88 46 42 3 2 1 9 6 3 13 8 5 .. 4 2 2 .. 4 2 3 2 I 5 4 1 2 9 6 3 4 1 3 28 16 7 23 18 7 4 I 3 23 16 7 '23 :16 1 5 1 ,. 4 . 5 ,L 9 9 4q1 2(4 210 4 1,187 536 6tH Mala.ba.r~2A 252 24. MALABAR DISTRICT. D-VI-NoB,:"Indian Nationals. This table relates to " Nationality ". i.e., citizenship 2. The areas included in each Census tract denoted by its status, and furnishes sex-wise figures of Non-Indian number in column (1) have been given in the fly-leaf to Nationals enumerated in each tract in the district. Table B-L- Total. British. Burmese. Italian. French. Tract No. Persons. M&les. Females. Males. Females. M&les. Fem&les. M&les. Females. Males. Females. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) ltural- 203 15 5 10 1 3 6 1 204 94 41 53 2 205 36 17 19 5 5 ",2 1 206 5 5 . 207 51 33 18 10 8 1 1 2 8 207A 208 5 2 3 1 . " 1 209 5 5 .'j 210 211 18 3 15 1 212 9 7 2 Rural Total 238 114 124 15 14 3 2 7 16 2 Urban- 34 City 302 289 13 9 7 6 2 10 3 35 Do. .. 9 8 1 .. . . 72 Non-city •• 22 12 10 3 1 1 7 73 Do. 27 26 1 3 . , 74 Do. J20 80 40 42 26 2 4 Urban Total 480 415 65 57 34 7 9 12 7 District Total 718 529 189 72 48 10 11 19 23 2 Nepalese. French Indian. Malayan. Portuguese Indian. Irish. Tract No. Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females. (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) Rura.l- 203 -. 2 2')4 34 50 1 5 2 .. 205 1 10 3 6 1 206 5 207 1 207,A. 208 209 4 210 211 1 4 212 6 1 2 Rural Total 12 45 58 3 9 5 8 1 tIrban- 34 City 1 47 1 35 Do. 7 1 72 Norucity •• 1 1 3 1 73 Do. 4 1 1 8 74 Do. 3 2 4 .. Urban Total 5 6 3 66 2 1 District T01al .. 17 51 61 3 9 71 10 1 1 Austl'alian. Ceylonese. Pakistan. Swedish. Philipines. Tract :No. Males. Females. Males. Fem&les. MaJes. Fem&les. Males. Females. Males. Females. (23) (24) (25) (26) (27) (28) (29) (30) (31) (32) Rural- 203 204 205 1 1 206 207 4 15 1 2()7A 208 2 8 209 1 210 211 2 2 212 Run. Total 1 9 9 15 1 2 Urban- 34 City .. 2 2 35 Do. 1 72 Non.. ity .. 1 '73 Do. 13 '14 Do. 1 6 2 Urban Total 2 1 14 8 3 DlItrlct Total .. 1 11 to :n 8 4 2 253 24. MALABAR DISTRICT. D-VI-Non-Indian Nationals. Scottish. Arabian. Persian. Chinese. Ameriea.n. Tract. No. Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females. (33) (34) (35) (36) (37) (38) (39) (40) (41) (42) Bur61- 203 .. 204 205 206 207 207A 208 1 209 210 211 212 Bural Total 1

Urban- 34 City 1 117 81 10 1 1 35 Do. .. 72 Non-city _. 2 73 Do. 74 Do. .. I 21 1 2 Urban Total 1 117 -81 1 31 40 3 DIs1rict Total 1 1 117 81 1 31 40 3

African Non-classified. Czechoslovakian. Dutch. German. Tract No. ,---_ _..A.-~ Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females. (43) (44) (45) (46) (47) (48) (49) (50) RuraJ- 203 204 205 206 207 .. 207A 208 209 ,10 211 212 Rural Total

Urban- 34 City 1 36 Do. 72 Non-city •• 1 '73 Do. '14 Do. 2 .1 11r.8 Total 1 1 2 1 I)l$ariet Total 1 1 .. 2 1 24. MALABAR DISTRICT. D-VIl-Livelihood Classes by

Thia table shows the distribution of the literate population sex:~wise among the eight livelihood classes by educa­ tional standarda, separately for each Census tract (vide fly-leaf to Table B-1) in the district as well as for the district. Agricultural

I. Cultivators of II. Cultivators of land wholly or '" land wholly or mainly owned and mainly nnowned and Educational standard. Total. their dependents . their dependents. .A..- Persons. Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females.

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) RURAL TRACT No. 2()3. CHIRAKKAL TALUK.

Literate 165.233 103,161 62,072 2,782 1,892 22,103 1,8518 Middle School 9,092 3,000 6,092 113 36 886 5,300 Matriculate, S.S.L.C. or Higher Secondary. 6,960 2.870 4,090 81 12 1.481 3,824· Intermediate in Arts or Science .. 724 395 329 7 1 242 316

Degrees or Diplomas.

Graduate in Arts or Science 159 118 41 6 2& 16- Post.Gradua.te in Arts or Science .. 23 5 18 17 Teaching 1.621 1,285 336 41 1 601 145 Engineering 14 3 11 8 Agriculture 2 1 1 Veterinary Commerce 66 54 12 53 12 Legal 4 4 Medical 29 28 1 1 22 Others 4 4

Total 188,931 110,928 73,003 8,030 1,9403 25.314 28,156

RURAL TRACT No' 204. KOTTAYAM TALUK.

Literate 132,706 83,443 49,263 3.664 2.417 20,222 11,844 Middle School 3,455 2,388 1,067 163 46 429 145 MaJ;riculate, S.S.L.C. or Higber Secondary 1,314 1,128 186 81 l(). 147 18 Intermediate in Arts or Science .. . . 132 113 19 6 15

Degre..e8 or Diploma8.

Graduate in Arts or Science 98 85 13 6 12 Post.Graduate in Arts or Science .. 2 1 1 Teaching 919 683 236 28 56 7 Engineering Agriculture ,... Veterinary Commerce Legal 11 II .. Medioa.l 5 5 Othel'l! 2 2 2 Total 188.644 87,859 50,785 8,918 2,473 '20,888 . 12,014 256 24. MALABAR DISTRICT. D-VlI-LiveUhood Classes by Agricultural

I. Cultiva.tors of II. Cultiva.tors of land whoUy or land wholly or D.l8inly owned and m~inly unowned and Education&l sta.ndard. Total. their dependents. their dependents.

Persons. Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) RURAL hAm No. 205. WYNAAD TALUK.

Literate 37,945 28.601 9.344 5.900 2,386 6.81~ 2,856 Middle School 2,603 2,005 598 526 154 339 69 Matriculate. S.S.L.C. or Higher Secondary 775 704 71 91 11 16 Intermediate in Arts or Science 66 55 11 9 1 Degrees 01' Diplomoa. Graduate in Arts or Science 41 36 5 6 2 Post-Graduate in Arts or Science .. 2 .2 Teaching 57 38 19 2 2 Engineering 4 4 Agriculture 2 2 2 Veterinary 3 3 Commerce Legal Medicsl 12 12 1 Others 13 13 Total 41.523 3t,475 10,048 8,537 2,551 7,172 2,924- RURAL TIu.CT No. 206. KU'BUMBBANAD TALux. Literate 145.569 105,047 40,522 9,801 4,889 34,788 15,28S Middle School . 3,888 3,238 650 340 74 1,394 69 Matriculate, S.B.L.C. or Higher Secondary 906 815 91 132 6 124 !) Intermediate in Arts or Science .. . • 61 51 10 10 1 6 1

D6(/f'ee8 01' Diplomaa. Graduate in Arts or Science 60 48 12 10 4 1 Post-Graduate in Arts or Science 2 2 1 Teaching 1,021 8,52 169 48 7 191 :21 Engineering Agriculture 4 4 Veterinary Commerce Legal 15 15 1 Medical 2 2 1 Others 7 7 Total .. 151,535 110,081 41.454 10,34a 4.977 36,508 15,889 RURAL TIu.CT No. 207. KOZHIKODE TALlJK. 123.942 Literate .. 83,110 40,832 9,075 5,713 21.829 10,50~ Middle School.. •• _ 2,859 2.189 670 253 42 258 Matriculate, S.B.L.C. or Higher Secondary. 3S. 1.098 939 159 93 10 98 6- Intermediate in Arts or Science • • • • 155 132 23 9 2 10 2 Degrees or Diplomas. Graduate in Arts or Science .... 66 58 8 4 Post-Graduate in Arts or Science .. S 6 2 Teaching 196 172 24 13 21 Engineering 2 2 Agriculture Veterinary Commerce 2 2 LegBl 1 1 1 Medical 3 2 I 1 nth." 1 1 Total - tas.sas 86,814 .1.719 9.4ft 5,'167 12,218 to.MB 25'1

Eiucatlonal StaDdard5. cla.sses. NOD-agricultural classes. . . , Persons (including dependants) who derive their principal means of livelihood from

IV. Non-cultivat- m. Cultivating iug owners of land, V. Production VllI. Other labourers and their agricultural rent other than VI. Commerce. VII. Transport. services and dependants. receivers and cultivation. miscellaneous their dependants. sources . .A- .---"----. Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females. Mfl.le .. Females. (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20)

3,794 1,133 168 75 7,624 1,650 1,815 250 122 35 2,366 960 64 11 14 .0 438 92 209 44 2] 7 394- 216 a 1 318 25 42 4 1 222 30 2 1 19 3 2 22 6

8 2 1 19 3 I .. 1 1 7 10 26 9 2 .2

:1

4 1 C 13 3.872 1,146 185 80 8.484 1,782. 2.071 298 144 48 3,060 1,224-

20,451 3,903 1,772 1,238 13,813 4,781 10,359 3.435 ·1,325 389 12,738 6,599 73 12 III 20 123 13 240 160 3 1 954 SOl 8 49 8 41 3 77 2 19 365 63 2 6 5 3 1 .. 21 5

6 1 2 1 25 10 1 4 18 1 16 6 3 .2 567 137 .. 4 .. 14 1 , " 7 .. 20,586 8,915 l,SiS 1.268 14,001 4.797 10,688 3,603 ,1,351 890 14.696 7,115

4,898 1,634 1,046 953 13,898 6,952 9,132 3,841 ·3,163· 1,192 . "20,069 10,042 26 21 64 14 220 106 ' 284 94 106 59 978 .299 2 ,34 7 135 22 143 I1 '2'4 1 410 102 .0 9 20 6 15 2 3 66 11

3 15 4 4 1 31 4 1 1 4 2 1 1 136 24 .2 , " .. ~. ~ .. . . .2

" . I 1 1 .4,926 1,665 1.1Sf} 974 14.288 7;091 9.580 8,948 8.297 1.252 21.700 10,484 Malaba.r-33 Si. M:ALABAR DISTRIOT. D-Vll-Livelihood Classes b.f Agricultura.l

L Cultivators of II. CultivatorS of Educatjonal standard. land wholly or la.nd wholly or mainly owned r mainly unowned a.nd. Total. their dependan • ' their dependants. , -A._ r- Persons. Ma.les. Females. Ma.les. Females. Ma.les. Females.

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6}' (7) (8) RURAL TRACT No. 207·A. LAOOAD:rvE J8l.ANDs.

Literate 2;586 2-,053 533 52l) 31 36 Middle School 8 8 MatJ:oiculate, S.S.L.C. or Higher Secondtu-y. 0 5 1 Intermediate in Arts or Science •• • • Degrees or DiplomtaB. Graduate in Arts or Soience 2 2 Post.Graduate in Arts or Science TeaChing 3 3 2 Engineering .• Agriculture Veterinary CoDimerce Legal Medical 1 1 Others Total 2.605 2.072 533' 528 31 36

RVRAL TRACT No. 208. ERNAD TALux.

Literate 130,180 89.996 ,40.184 8,555 5,135 23,373 11.431 Middle School 5,537 4,051 1,486 477 270 749 220 Ma.triculate. S.S.L.C. or Higher Secondary. 1,720 1,410 310 237 57 226 38 Intermediate in Arts or Science 155 128 27 27 8 8 1 Degrees or Diplomo.8. Graduate in Arts or Science 119 109 10 11 1 5 Post.Gradua.te in Arts or 'Science 1 ." 1 1 Teaching 547 442 105 53 6 59 3 Engineering 1 1 Agriculture Veterinary Coriunerce .. LegaJ. 4 4, Medical 18 13 5 ,1 Ot~ers .. . ~ 4 4

Total 138,286 98,158 42,128 9,361 5,477 24,420 11~6t4

Ruau. TRAOT No. 209. WALLUVAN.&.n TALUJt. Literate '.. 139,151 81,204 57.947 10.540 9,428 26,524 11,929 Middle School 3,200 2,242 958 400 199 249 236 .Matriculate, S.S.L.C. or Higher Secondary. 1,054 836 2J8 281 52 84 li8 Intermediate in Arts or ~cience .. 79 70 9 18 2 2

Degreu Of' DiplommJ. Graduate in Arts or Sciepce 70 60 10 20 I .2 Post-Graduate in ArtB or Science •. 40 1 39 '39 Teaching 392 262 130 8 44 81 3 Engineering 1 1 A8ri,culture 3 3 Veterinary Conunerce .2 .2 Leg&) 5 5 Medical 7 6 1 1 1 Others 9 8 1 .. 2 Total 144.018 84,700 59,818 11,276 9.725 26,943 16,269 259

£d11Oational Standards. classes. Non.agrieultural olasses. Persons (including dependants) who derive their principal means of livelihood from

IV. Non.oultiWat. VIII. Other W. Cultivating ing owners ofla.nd. V. Production services and labourers and their agricultural rent other than VI. Commerce. VrI. Transport. miscellaneous dependants. reooivel'$ and cultivation. source!'. their depeD.dants. .r- __..L Ie , r -, Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females.• Males. Females. Males. Femalps.

(9) (10) (II) (12) (13) . (14) (16) (16) (17), (18) (19) (20)

17 8 1 881 270 67 26 83 173 446 33 8 4:

2

1 ..

1 .. 17 8 1 881 270 57 25 88 173 462 88

17,967 6.172 2,297 1,954 13,414 2,076 9,472 3.679 2,127 474 12,791 9,263 246 sa 200 81 203 76 257 75 110 10 1,809 641 18 6 105 31 79 4 127 19 26 1 692 154 2 41 10 1 40 17

24 1 7 61 {) 11 9 7 8 3 295 93 1

1 3 1 J.l 6 4 t8,244 6,261 2,678 2,066 18,704 2,156 9,881 8.777 2,263 515 15,807 10,t82

8,228 '4,742 5,215 6,746 9,962 3,960 2,445 2,769 721 544 17,569 13,829 46 20 1,(8 228 83 23 1,025 • 16 18 16· 234 220 12 4 261 53 40 8 49 7 26 1 83 35 1 39 4: 2 2 1 2 5 1

31 3 4: 1 I 2 2 3 1 .. S 3 95 8 I 17 55 72 1 2 1 .2 5 5 . , .. 5 1 -1 8,292 4,769 6,885 7,043 10,095 8,R98 8,688 2,798 769 561 17.982 14.160 Ma.laba.r-33A :200

24. MALABAR DISTRICT. D-VII....,.;.LlveUhood Classes bJ Agricultura.l -"-

I. Cultivators of' II. Cultivatol's of land wholly or land wholly or mainly owned and mainly unowned a.nd Educational standard. Total. their dependants. their dependants.

Persons. 'Males. Females. Me,les. Females. Males. Females. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) RURAL TItAC'l' No. 2[0. NOR'l'H PONNANI (PONNANI TALux). Literate 77,308 49,384 27,924 6,615 4,257 11,921 7,232 Middle School 2.079 1,184 895 254 422 26 61 Matriculate, S.S.L.C. or Higher Secondary. 782 588 194 159 71 36 20 Intermediate in Arts or Science 65 60 .5 21 1 .5 Deiri-ee8 or DiplOmaa. Graduate in .

RURAL'l'lu.CT No. 2U. SOUTH PONNANI ANI> FORT Co cam (PONNANI AND COCBm TALt:TKs).

Literate 118,783 76,835 41,9i8 12,74~ 2,351 12,940 '8t 278 Middle School 4,648 1,717 2,931 283 2,017 191 281 Matricula.te, S.S.L.C. Or Higher Secondary. 2,040 1,389 651 452 224 161 55 Intermedia.te in Arts or Science . . . . 155 135 20 54 11 12 '5

De(I'1'ee8 or Diplomas. Gradua.te in Arts or Science 135 ll2 23 44 10 3 Post-Graduate in Arts or Science .. 16 15 1 Teaching 768 431 337 70 44 30 21 Engineering 5 5 Agriculture Veterinary Commerce Legal .• 16 16 I Medical 11 9 2 1 Others 42 42 5 2 Total 126,619 80,706 45,913 13,651 4,647 13,847 8.643 • RURAL TRAOT No. 212. PALGHAT TALUK.. Literate 111,269 71,424 39,845 6,399 3,624 14,366 6,360 Middle School ." .. 2,856 2.014 842 336 88 141 29 Ma.triculate, 8.S.L.C. or Higher Secondary. 2,43'6 2,033 403 385 65 125 18 Intermediate in Arts or Science " .. 232 218 14 71 12 1 Degr6e8 or Diplomas. Graduate in .Arts or Science 218 205 13 38 1 7 Post-Graduate in Arts or Science •. 10 9 1 Teaching ..... ' 461 368 93 2'4 1 6 1 Engmeering 33 33 2 1 Agriculture Veterina.ry 1 1 Commerce 7 7 1 Legal .. 43 42 1 7 Medical 0'# 40 38 2 6 Otbers ... 62 49 13 3 3 2 Total :117,668 76,441 41,22'7 ,272 3,782 14.858 s_4U ,261

Educational SiaDdat'ds. ol&881:'s. N on-agricultura.l classes. Persons (including dependo.nts) who derive their principal means of livelihood from IV. Non-cultiva. fiI. Cultivating ting owners of lo.nd • V. Production VIII. Other la.bourers aDd their agri cultural rent other than VI. Commerce. VII. Transport. services and dependo.nts. tef!eivers and cultivation. miscellaneous their dependants. sources • ..L , ~ Males. Females. Males. 'Females. Males. Fema.les. Mares. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females. (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20)

4,557 2,.285 1.156 1.364 6.715 2.887 Ij/HS 21279 1,025 435 12,377 7,235. 35 , . 82 81 34 58 45 . 246 14' 52 11 432- 226

12 ~ . ~. .77 16 11 4 56 5 16 " 1 221 77 1 8 1 2 5 3 15 a

4 {) 1 2 1 12 2 1 1 {) 1 2 1 ,3 5 3 254 '13 1 4 l' ...... :~ 2 3 S ~l 4 4,610 2,817 1,836 1,417 6,794 2,936 5,332 2,801, 1,096 447 13,32& 7,619

15.85li 8.668 754 766 13,6159 8099 8,937 5,341 1,912 949 '10,036' 7,496 239 161 81 76 177 156 176 71 25 11 545 158 28 20 59 21 88 36 101 66 II 4 489 223 1 21 1 3 15 2 27 3

2 1 1 6 2 2 45 19 14 1 1 41 1, 2 3 42 28 4 1 246 235 5

4: 11 1 1 1 6 1 24 11 16.167 8,850 ' 987 870 13,999 8,319 9,231 5.482 ' 1,968 965 111422 8,187

6,928 3.635 6,767 9,203 13,269 3,230 6,934 2,317 ' 995 507 15,766 10,969 4S 8 587 366 82 19 227 46 26 ' 4 567 282 41 2 495 138 99 10 144 18 67 677 152 1 63 7 6 1 10 3" lI2 IS

68 4 12 9 1 70 7 6 1 2 1 8 56 I) 2 3 ~69' 86 30 1 6 12 23 1 1 "1 24 2 1 . 3 ... 42 8 '1,028 8,645 8,088 9,728 18,.,1 8,260 7,827 3,882 '1,094 511 17.528 11,518 ,262 ,

J 4. MALABAR DISTRICT. D-VII-'Livelihood Classes by ... Agri~ultul:aJ

r: Cultivators of II. Cultivators of land wholly or Itmd wholly or mainly owned and mainly unowned and Educational standard. Tot~l. their dE)perooants. their dependants. r------~------~ ""'-'------. Persons. Males. Females .. Males. Females. Males. Females.

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)

RURAL TOTAL. Literate 1.184,672 774,258 410,414 76,698 42,123 194,914 108,240 Middle School 40,225 24,036 16,189 3.154 3,348 4,662 6,445 Matriculate, S.S.L.C. or Higher Secondary. 19,090 12,717 6,373 1,993 518 2,498 4,046 Intermediate in Arts or Science 1,824 1,357 467 232 24 313 328

Degrees (W DipWmaa. Graduate in Arts or Science 1,006 867 139 152 6 69 22 Post-graduate in Arts or Science ll3 45 68 1 57 Teaching 6,351 4,815 1,536 291 110 959 204 Engineering 65 54 n .. 2 1 S Agriculture 12 11 1. 2 Vetarin ry 4' 4 Commerce 78 66 12 2 53 12 Legal .. 105 104 I 10 2 Medical 135 123 . 12. .11 2 24 Others 172 154 18 12 4 21 5 Total 1~253~852 818,611 435,241 82,459 46,135 203,517 119,367

OITY TRACT No. 34. KOZHIKODE CITY. Literate 56,794 40,927 15,867 225 232 318 383 Middle School 2,039 1,249 790 40 15 26 13 Matriculate, S.S.L.C. or Higber Secondary. 3,203 2,750 453 69 10 36 Intermediate in Arts or Science 6 667 559 108 8 9 1

Degrees (W DipWmaa. Gr.adua.te in Arts or Science 421 383 38 1 3 Post-Graduate in Arts or Science .. 201 74 127 1 Teaching 101 95 6 5 Engineering 40 40 Agriculture 2 2 Veterinary 1 I Conimerce 23 23 Legal.. .. 170 169 1 Medical 54 45 9 1 Oq~ers 32 27 5 Total 63,748 46,844 17,404 349 261 389 403

CITY TRACT No. 35. PA.LO-HAT CITY.

Literate .. 22,244 12,575 9,669 173 219 330 137 Middle School 4,169 2.713 1,456. 60 51 36 27 Matriculate. S.S.L.C. or Higber Secondary. 2,088 1,631 457 82 15 22 7 Intermediate in Arts or SCience • • . . 695 602 93 54 6 1

Degreea (W Diplomas. Graduate in Arts or Science 486 414 72 22 1 6 Post·Graduate in Arts or Science •• 40 36. 4 Teaching 158 II7 . 41 Erigineering 30 30 Agriculture 4 4. Veterinary 1 1 Commerce •• 7 7 Legal .. 106 lOft .. Medical 65 62 .3 Ot,hers 26 23, . 3 Total •• 30,119 18,821 11.798' . 391 292 385 263

Educational S1andar4s. classes. Non.agricultural classes. -----~ Persons (incJuding dependants) who derive their principal means of liveliliood from IV, Non.cultivat. III. Cultivating ing owners of land, V. Production VIII. Other la.bourers and their agricultural rent other than VI. Commerce. VII. Transport, services and dependants. receivers and cultiva.tion. miscellaneous their dependants,. ' sources.

Males. ll'emales, Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Fem.ales. Ma.les. Females.

(9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20)

112,482 44,966, 21,889 26,017 ' 135,806 ' 54,231 '7'7,497 35,472 14,522 7,183 140,~50 92,182 959, 700 1,709 883 1,961 769 " , 3,223' 652 460 175 7,908 3,217 172 39 1,298 295 1,013 162 1,02tr 160 257 24 4,460 1,129 13 2 224 16 78 19 96 9 24 377 ... 69

U' 164' " 12 64 6 41' 5 5 361 88 22 . 1 4 3' I' 14 10 90 5 201 18 96 51 59 30' , 3 1: '3,116 1,117 5 1 4fi 3 3" 6 1 4 6 1 4 1 24' , 1 r 65 1 2 17 1 5 1 1 63 8 8 1 38 3 72 8 113,730 45,712 25,562 27,244- 139,075 55,239 81,947 36,328 15,276 7,383 157)045 97,833

59 40 755 576 10,300 5,997 10,820 5,803 2;212 1,371 16,238 1,465 4. 2 38 23 140 67 322 120 64 21 615 529 3 85 11 364 95 452 120 208 il3 1,533 J78 27 10 50 8 112 22 34 319 67 .. 14 31 8 71 11 10 256 16 16 ,3 55 126 1 1 6 I 87 1 9 1 29 2 1 6" 12 5 6 .. 10 153 1 1 1 43 8 ." 27 I) 66 42 921 620 10,924 " 6,181 11,80,2 6,077 2,530 1,425 19,368 2,395 \,

118 37 337 678 2,370 1,198 4,116 2,843 786 490 4,34.'; 4,067 5' 2 209 150 556 94 792 3U 108 49 947 772 1 242 55 105 24. S6 72 92 20 1,001 264. 115 11 16 .5 107 8 19 2 290 61

63 20 3 2 83 ' 4 8 I 229 44 .. 7 29 4 .. .. 11 1 7 99 . 40 1 3 1 25 4 1 1 I 4 1 15 1 1 89 3 30 2 27 3 23 3 124 89 t.CJOt. 915 3082 1,323 5,201 3.238 1,014 562 7,110 5,682 •• H. MALABAR DISTRICT. D-VII-Live1ihood -Classes by

~~ '. Agrioultura.l

I. Cultivators of II. Cultivators of land wholly or land wholly Or mainly owned mainly unowned and their and their Educational ~tanda.rd. Total. dependants. dependants.

Persons. Males: Females. Males: Females. Ma.les. Fe.mdles~ {I) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) NON·CITY URBAN TRACT No. 72 (CRIltAKKAL ANo KOTTAYAM TAtoUXl:l). Literate 43,527 21,652 21,915 143 124 190 l40 Middle School 1,265 ' 966 299 8 6 34 8 Matriculate, S.S.L.C. or Higher Seconda.ry '1,319 970 349 16 4 12 6 Intermediate in Arts or Science 277 207 70 I)t 2 4

De[fl'ees 01' Diplomas. Graduate in Arts or Science 193 156 37 2 Post-Graduate in Arts or Science .• 26 21 5 Teaching 140 47 93 Engineering 1 1 Agriculture Veterinary 1 1 Commerce 3 3 Legal .• 73 73 Medical 30 30 Others 4 4 .' Total 46,899 ' 24,131 22,768 176 138 240 154- NON.OITY URBAN TRACT No. 73 (KURUMBRANAD, EBNAD AND WALLUVANAD TA.LUKS). ,

Literate 42,130 27,406 14,724 854 817 1,943 1.12~ Middle School 1,555 1,061 494 73 55 107 22 Matrkulate, S.S.L.C. or Higher Secondary' 1,642 1,210 432 52 25 54 S , Intermediate in Arts or Science 167 142 25 10 5

Degrees 0'1' Diplomas. Graduate in Arts or Science 207 178 29 15 2 2 Post. Graduate in Arts or Science .. 50 2 48 Teaching 173 119 54 1 3 Engineering 1 1 Agriculture Veterinary 3 3 . Commerce 37 37 Legal 70 70 Medical 437 433 4 Others 928 926. 2

Total 47,400 31,588 15,812 1,005 899 2,114 1,159 NON.CITY URBAN TRACT No. 74 (PONNANI ANO FORT COCHIN TALUXS). Literate 26,392 16,668 9,724 863 240 478 319 Middle SchQOl 705 457 248 7 3 7 9 Matriculate, S.S.L.C. or Highel Secondary 1,220 911 309 20 2 .. 12 8 lritermediaw in Arts.or Science 148 127 21 3 1. ' 3 ... •

Degrees 0'1' Diplomas.

Graduate in Arts or Science 72 51 21 1 . . ~ ~ 2· . Post-Graduate in Arts or Science· .. 10 8 2 .. 'Teaching .. 137 54 83 1· . . ' Engineering 4 4 , . Agriculture .,. Veterinary , OoIDDlerce 1 1 '...... Lega.l 33 33 .0 Medical 11 11 Others ..< ;; 3 3 t· , .. Total 28.736 18,828 10,408 395 247 502 38$ '" !6/j-

Educational Standards. ( Classe$. Non-agricultural classes. ,A. ~ r- ~ PerSons (including dependants) who derive their principal means of livelihood from IV., Non-cultivating r- -'- ..... TIl. Cultivating owners of land V. Production VTII. Other labourerS and their agricultural rent other than VI. Commerce. Vll. Transport. services and dependants. receivers and their cultivation. mi8Cell~neous, dependants. sources.

MaleB. Females. Males. Females. Ma.les. Fema.les. Males. Females. Males. Females. Males. Females.

(9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20}

100 69 666 581i 6.143 4,269 6,360 5.992 786 579 7,264 12,107 3 3 21 5 609 75 84 72 '17 7 190 123 .2 41 13 90 36 250 53 64 12 495 225 13 8 29 7 35 11 10 1 107 - . 41

6 4 5 .2 26 3 5 4: 114 22 1 20 5 2 1 4lS 9.2 1 1 2 3 70 1 29 4,

105 '12 752 815 8.879 4,389 6,758 4,lS2 883 608 8,842 19.885

1,533 651 721 808 8,215 2,665 4,709 2,229 1,815 1,095 7,616 5;330 8 2 80 45 47 47 227 44 26 22 493 257 7 .. 96 68 63 24 154 35 130 13 654 259 16 5 2 3 20 2 13 1 76 no

1 11 3 10 1 10 8 1 121 22 2 .. 48 3 1 1 112 52 1

1 2 1 36 10 1 59 2 3 .. , 1 428 3 , .926 2

1,549 653 943 929 8,342 2,741 5.120- 2,311 1.992 - '1,138 10.n23 5,987 \

152 94 359 319 3,381 1,665 3,702 1,812 1,794 924 6,439 4,351 3 1 9 6 46 8 88 58 3 27 294 136 1 37 17 52 328 74 57 15 405 U5 1 8 2 4: l'2 47 1 '1 1 54. 14

.. 2 2 1 '1 4 5 39 9 1 1 1 5 2 2 1 2 51 80 .. ' 2 .2

1 1 1 31 1 10 1 1 156 96 419 344- 3,488 1.692 4,172 1.954 1.868 972 7.332 4,787

Ma]aba~-34 266

24. MALABAR DISTRICT.

D-VU-Livelihood Classes bJ

Agricultural r- I. Cultivators of II. Cultivators of land wholly or land wholly Or Educational standard. Total. mainly owned mainly un·owned ,Q,nd their and their dependants, . dependants.

Persons. Males. Females,' Males. Females. Males. Females. (1) (2) (8) {4} (05) (6) (7) (8) UBBAN TOTAL Literate I 191,127 119,228 71,899 1,7fi8 1,632 3.259 2,108 Middle School 9,733 6,448 3.287 188 130 210 79 Matriculate, S.S.L.C., or Higher Secondary 9,472 7,472 2,000 239 56 ,. 136 35 Intermediate in Artf!! or Science .. 1,954 1,637 317 84 9' . 22 .. 1 Degrees or Diplorna8.

Graduate in Arts or Science 1,379 1,182 197 39 8· 10 Post-Groouate in Arts or Science •• 327 141 186 1 Teaching ',' 709 432 . 217 6 1 3 Engineering 76 70 .. Agricultural 6 6 Veterinary 6 6 Commerce .. 71 71 ' Legal 452 451 1 .. Medical 597 581 16 1 Others 993 983 10 1 .. 'l'o~al 2,16,902 138,713 78,190 2,316 1,837 8,640 2,223 URBAN TOTAL

Literate . ,1,375,799 . 893,486 482,313 78,356 43,755 198,173 110.348 Middle School 49,958 30,482 19,476 3,842 3,478 4.872 6,524 Matriculate, S.S.L.C., or Higher Secondary 28,562 20,189 8,373 2,232 574 . 2,634 4,081 • Intermedia.te in Arts Dr Science •. . . 3,778 2,904- 784 316 33' . 335' . 329

Degrees or D-ipldmaB.

Graduaw.in Arts or Science 2,385 2,049 336 191 14 79 22 Post-Graduaw in Arts or Science •. 440 186 254 1 1 57 Teaching. 7,060 5,247 1,813 297 " III 962 204- Engineering 141 130 11 2 1 8 Agricultu:r8) 18 17 1 2 Veterinary .. 10 ( 10 Commerce ]49 137 12 2 53 1.2 Lege.} 1557 505 a 10 2 Medical 732 704 28 12 2 24 Othe1'll 1,165 1,137 28 13 4- 21 (j e, Total •• 1,470.754 957,823 518,431 84,775 47,97.2 20'7,157 121,590 267

Educational Standards. olasses. Non.a.grioultural olasses. Persons (including dependants) who derive their pl"incipal means of livelihood from """" IV. Non-cultivating ---. m. Cultiva.ting owners of land., V. Production VIII. Other labourers and their agricultural rent other than VI. Commerce. vn. Transport. services and dependants. receivers and their cultivation. miscellaneous dependsntll. SOUl."Cell. , -----.J.....-- ; Males. Females. l\:[ales. Females. Malell. FeUlales. Males. Females. Ma1ell. Females. Males. F~males. (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (i4) (15) (16) (17) (18) (IQ) (20)

1,962 891 2,838 2.966 30,409 15,794 29.707 16,679 7.393 4,459 41,902 27,370 23 10 357 229 1,398 291 1,513 605 218 126 . 2,539 1,817 13 I 501 164 674 196 1,270 354 551 93 4,088 1,101 1 179 36 101 25 321 44 83 5 846 197

1 96 27 51 13 191 25 35 11 759 113 10 18 4 109 185 19 1 1 7 8 3 1 1 394 264 3 9 5 !! 57 .. 6 1 5 2 7 17 45 29 8 12 40.: 1 .J 34 3 2 1 537 14 1 981 10 2,000 902 4,039 3,423 32,'111 16.826 33,051 17,712 8,285 4,695 62.670 31,072

14,'44 45,857 24,727 28,983 166,215 70,025 107,204 52,151 21,915 11,642 182,452 119,552 982 710 2,06& 1,112 3,359 1,060 4,736 1,257 678 301 10,447 5,034 185 40 1,799 459 1.687 358 2,296 514 808 117 8,548 2,230 14 2 403 52 179 44 417 53 107 5 1,223 266

12 260 39 lUi 19 232 30 40 11 1,120 201 32 1 22 7 I 123 195 90 5 220 19 97 58 (17 33 4 2 3,510 1,881 , 3 14 5 3 102 3 " 3 12 1 I .. 9 8 8 17 49 1 52 9 13 467 2 2 22 I 39 I 4 2 I 600 22 8 I 38 • 4 1,053 18 115,780 46,614 28,601 80,667 171,786 71,565 114,998 54,040 23,561 12,078 209,715 128.905 26& .:

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