1 Revolutions in Judaeo-Christian beliefs about Salvation Part 3 Jewish Salvations

From a Fundamentalist Nazarene to Visionaries of the Diaspora

Doug Mason

do you really want to live forever, forever and ever?

Our must govern our theology, not the other way around. If our exegesis is at odds with our theology—and if we are confident in our exegesis—then maybe we should begin making changes to our theology rather than searching for solace in the likes of Paul, John, or Acts. … Surely it is our duty to allow the results of our exegesis to reshape and even change, if necessary, our theology.—Did Teach Salvation by Works?, pages 317, 13, Alan P. Stanley.

Version 3 (25 April 2018) © Doug Mason 2018 [email protected] The cover image is based on http://www.thesilvergrey.com/blog/7-things-gospel-teachers-should-give-their-students- (accessed 25 January 2018)

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Contents BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE FOOTNOTE REFERENCES ...... 5 MULTIPLE BELIEFS ...... 11 PAUL’S WORLD ...... 14 PAUL’S GOSPEL ...... 34 MARK’S SOTERIOLOGY ...... 78 MATTHEW’S SOTERIOLOGY ...... 85 COLOSSIANS’ SOTERIOLOGY ...... 106 EPHESIANS’ SOTERIOLOGY ...... 111 THE GOSPEL OF THOMAS ...... 131 THE PASTORALS’ SOTERIOLOGY ...... 154 JOHANNINE SOTERIOLOGY AND CHRISTOLOGY ...... 166 THE NATURE OF THE BOOK OF REVELATION ...... 196 THE SOTERIOLOGY OF THE BOOK OF REVELATION ...... 207 DETAILED CONTENTS ...... 224

4 Bibliography of the Footnote references

BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE FOOTNOTE REFERENCES

114 Sayings of Jesus The Gospel of Thomas’s 114 Sayings of Jesus, as translated by Stephen J. Patterson and James M. Robinson, http://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/biblical-topics/bible-versions- and-translations/the-gospel-of-thomas-114-sayings-of-jesus/ (accessed 23 March 2017) Anatomy of the Fourth Anatomy of the Fourth Gospel: A Study in Literary Design, R. Alan Gospel Culpepper, Fortress Press, 1984 As it is Written As It Is Written: Studying Paul’s Use of Scripture, Stanley E. Porter and Christopher D. Stanley [eds.], (Symposium Series 50; Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2008 Authorship of The Authorship of Ephesians, J P Holding, Ephesians http://www.tektonics.org/af/ephauth.php (accessed 3 September 2017) Background of Paul’s The Background and Content of Paul’s Cultic Atonement Metaphors Atonement Metaphors (Academia Biblica), Stephen Finlan, Society of Biblical Literature, 2004 Beyond Belief Beyond Belief: The Secret Gospel of Thomas, Elaine Pagels,Vintage Books, 2003 Book review by Herold Book Reviews: Brown, Raymond E. The Community of the Beloved Weiss Disciple; Martyn, J. Louis. The Gospel of John in Christian History: Essays for Interpreters, by Herold Weiss http://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1542&co ntext=auss (accessed 17 March 2017) Brother of Jesus The Brother of Jesus and the Lost Teachings of Christianity, Jeffrey Bütz, Inner Traditions, 2005 Cambridge Companion The Cambridge Companion To The Bible (Second edition), Bruce Chilton and others, Cambridge University Press, 2007 Christ in you, Barcley Christ In You: A Study in Paul’s Theology and Ethics, William Barcley, University Press of America, 1999 Christology and The Christology and Protology of the Gospel of Thomas, by Stevan L. Protology of Thomas Davies, Journal of Biblical Literature Volume 111, Number 4, Winter 1992. http://users.misericordia.edu/davies/thomas/jblprot.htm (accessed 3 April 2017) Colossians, Ephesians, Colossians, Ephesians, 1 and 2 Timothy, and Titus, Lewis Donelson, 1 and 2 Timothy, and Westminster John Knox Press, 1996 Titus Colossians: A Colossians: A Commentary, Jerry L. Sumney, Westminster John Knox Commentary Press, 2008 Community of the The Community of the Beloved Disciple, Raymond E. Brown, Chapman, Beloved Disciple 1979 Contemporary Studies Contemporary Studies in Acts, Thomas E. Phillips, Mercer University in Acts Press, 2009

5 Bibliography of the Footnote references

Cosmic Christology Cosmic Christology in Paul and the Pauline School: Colossians and Ephesians in the Context of GRAECVOPPrOMAN Cosmology, with a New synopsis of the Greek Texts. George H. van Kooten, C. B. Mohr (Paul Siebeck) Tübingen, 2003 Evolution of the Word Evolution of the Word: The in the Order the Books Were Written, Marcus Borg, Harper One, 2012 Expositor’s The Expositor’s Bible Commentary, with the New International Version: Commentary, Volume Volume 11, Ephesians through Philemon, Frank E. Gæbelein, General 11 Editor, Zondervan, 1981 Faith in Paul and Mark The Concept of Faith in Paul and Mark, William Loader, The pre- published unedited version of the paper published as: “The Concept of Faith in Mark and Paul” in Paul and Mark: Comparative Essays Part I Two: Authors at the Beginnings of Christianity (BZNW 198; ed. by Ian Elmer, David C. Sim and Oda Wischmeyer; Berlin: de Gruyter, 2014) 423-64) available at: http://wwwstaff.murdoch.edu.au/~loader/LoaderFaithMarkandPaul.pdf (accessed 26 February 2017) First Paul The First Paul: Reclaiming the Radical Visionary Behind the Church’s Conservative Icon, Marcus J. Borg, John Dominic Crossan, HarperOne, 2009 Framing Salvation Framing Salvation: Biblical Apocalyptic, Cinematic Dystopia, and Contextualizing the Narrative of Salvation, Caesar Montevecchio, Journal of Religion & Film, Volume 16, Issue 2, October 2012 https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/jrf/vol16/iss2/7/ (accessed 21 December 2017) From Jesus to Christ From Jesus to Christ: The Origins of the New Testaments Images of Christ, Paula Fredriksen, Yale University Press, 1988 Galatians, Oakes Galatians: Paideia Commentaries on the New Testament, Peter Oakes, Baker Academic, 2015 Gnostic Gospels The Gnostic Gospels of Jesus: The definitive collection of mystical gospels and secret books about Jesus of Nazareth, Marvin Meyer, HarperOne, 2005 Gospel of John The Gospel of John and Christian Origins, John Ashton, Fortress Press, 2014 Heavenlies in Ephesians The Heavenlies in Ephesians: A Lexical, Exegetical, and Conceptual Analysis, M. Jeff Brannon, Bloomsbury, 2011 In Search of Early In Search of Early Christians: Selected Essays, Wayne Meeks, Yale Christians University Press Integration of Created in Christ Jesus for good works: The Integration of Soteriology Soteriology and Ethics and Ethics in Ephesians, Ester A. G. D. Petrenko, Durham theses, Durham in Ephesians University. 2011, http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/2748/1/2748_825.pdf?UkUDh:CyT (accessed 3 September 2017) Intro Essays on Thomas Introductory Essays on the Gospel of Thomas, Elaine Pagels and Helmut Koester, http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/religion/story/thomas.htm l (accessed 3 April 2017)

6 Bibliography of the Footnote references

Jesus in Johannine Jesus in Johannine Tradition, Robert T. Forma and Tom Thatcher Tradition (editors), Westminster John Knox Press, 2001 Jesus in Matthew’s Jesus in the Gospel of Matthew: A reappraisal of the distinctive elements Gospel of Matthew’s Christology, Edward P. Blair, Abingdon Press, New York, 1960 Jewish Gospels The Jewish Gospels: The Story of the Jewish Christ, Boyarin, The New Press, 2012 Johannine Christianity Johannine Christianity: Essays on its Setting, Sources and Theology, D. Moody Smith, Bloomsbury T&T Clark, 2006 Johannine Christianity: Johannine Christianity: Jewish Christianity, James F. McGrath, Koinonia, Jewish Christianity 1996, pp. 1-20: http://digitalcommons.butler.edu/facsch_papers/14 (accessed 14 March 2017) Johannine Community The Johannine Community, Herman Hendrickx, C. I. C. M., Theology Annual vol. 12 1990-1991 pages 167-180 http://archive.hsscol.org.hk/Archive/periodical/abstract/A012k.htm (accessed 16 July 2016) Johannine Faith Johannine Faith and Liberating Community, David Rensberger, Westminster Press, 1988 Johannine Sayings in Johannine Sayings in the Gospel of Thomas: The Sayings Traditions in Thomas their Environment of First Century Syria , Alexander Mirkovic, PhD (Graduate Dept. of Religion, Vanderbilt University) http://users.misericordia.edu/davies/thomas/johnthom.htm (accessed 3 April 2017) John in Christian The Gospel of John in Christian History: Essays for Interpreters, J. Louis History Martyn, Paulist Press, 1978 John rivals Thomas John Rivals Thomas; From Community Conflict to Gospel Narrative, in Tom Thatcher and Robert Forma. eds., Jesus in the Johannine Tradition: New Directions (Louisville: Westminster John Knox, 2001) 303-11. https://static1.squarespace.com/static/511408f3e4b067782b667584/t/53593 9dae4b0b14a74b6781b/1398356442218/Jesus+Rivals+Thomas.pdf (accessed 26 March 2017) Light from the Gentiles Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays, 1959–2012 (Supplements to Novum Testamentum; Volume 150), by Abraham J. Malherbe; edited by Carl R. Holladay, John T. Fitzgerald, James W. Thompson, Gregory F. Sterling. Brill, 2015 Matthew, France Matthew, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, R. T. France, Inter- Varsity Press, 1985 Mysticism and Thomas Mysticism and the Gospel of Thomas, April D. DeConick. Das Thomasevangelium: Entstehung-Rezeption-Theologie, (2008) http://hdl.handle.net/1911/75077 (accessed 29 March 2017) NRSV The Bible: with the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books? New Revised Standard Version, Zaine Ridling, Ph.D. (Editor), Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America, 1989 NT use of the OT Commentary on the New Testament Use of the Old Testament, G. K. Beale, D. A. Carson (editors), Baker academic and Apollos, 2007

7 Bibliography of the Footnote references

Paul Was Not a Paul Was Not a Christian: The Original Message of a Misunderstood Christian Apostle, Pamela Eisenbaum, HarperOne, 2010 Paul within Judaism Paul within Judaism: Restoring the First Century Context to the Apostle, Mark D. Nanos, Magnus Zetterholm, Fortress Press, 2015 Pauline Christology Pauline Christology: An Exegetical-Soteriological study, Gordon Fee, Hendrickson Publishers, 2007 Perichoretic Salvation Perichoretic Salvation: The Believer’s Union with Christ as a Third Type of Perichoresis, James D. Gifford Jr., Wipf and Stock Publishers, 2011 Pistis Christou Debate The Pistis Christou Debate: Main Arguments and Responses in Summary, Currents in Biblical Research, September 23, 2010, Volume: 9, Issue 1, pages 33-47, Matthew C. Easter, University of Otago, New Zealand, [email protected]. https://doi.org/10.1177/1476993X09360725 https://s3.amazonaws.com/academia.edu.documents/40761648/Easter_- _The_Pistis_Christou_Debate_final.pdf?AWSAccessKeyId=AKIAIWOWY YGZ2Y53UL3A&Expires=1502275135&Signature=0vt5HJ9zxF%2FG%2 B3TsexZ9twawi18%3D&response-content- disposition=inline%3B%20filename%3DThe_Pistis_Christou_Debate_Ma in_Argument.pdf (accessed 9 August 2017) Queen of the Epistles Ephesians: Queen of the Epistles: The Mystical Body of Christ, from Introduction to Ephesians by Wil Pounds (c)2006, http://www.abideinchrist.com/messages/ephintro.html (accessed 16 Sept 2017) Reflections on the Philosophical Reflections on the Atonement: How Do Christ’s Life, Death, Atonement and Resurrection Put Us Right With God?, Stephen Layman, Ph.D., Seattle Pacific University, 2014. http://blog.spu.edu/csfd/files/2014/04/Steve- Laymen_Weter_lecture.pdf (accessed 8 August 2017) Repository of early Reading The Gospel of Thomas as a Repository of Early Christian Christian memory Communal Memory, April DeConick, in Memory, Tradition, and Text: Uses of the Past in Early Christianity, Edited by Alan Kirk and Tom Thatcher, pages 207-220 Rethinking Paul and Rethinking the “Paul and Judaism” Paradigm: Why Not “Paul’s Judaism Judaism?, Mark D. Nanos (May 28, 2008, web version), http://www.marknanos.com/Paul’sJudaism-5-28-08.pdf (accessed 10 February 2017) Revelation, four views Revelation, four views: A parallel commentary, Steve Gregg (ed.), Nelson, 1997 Revelation: A Shorter Revelation: A Shorter Commentary, G. K. Beale, Eerdmans, 2015 Commentary Riddles of the Fourth The Riddles of the Fourth Gospel: An Introduction to John, Paul N. Gospel Anderson, Fortress Press, 2011 Righteousness in Righteousness in Matthew and his World of Thought, Benno Przybylsi, Matthew, Przybylsi Cambridge University Press, 1980 Romans, Matera Romans Paideia Commentaries on the New Testament, Frank Matera Oakes, Baker Academic, 2010 Salvation by Allegiance Salvation by Allegiance Alone: Rethinking Faith, Works, and the Gospel of Jesus the King, Matthew W. Bates, Baker Academic 2017

8 Bibliography of the Footnote references

Salvation by Works? Did Jesus Teach Salvation by Works?: The Role of Works in Salvation in the Synoptic Gospels, Alan P. Stanley, Pickwick Publications, 2006 Salvation in Johannine Salvation in the Johannine Epistles, Dirk G van der Merwe, HTS 60(1&2) Epistles 2004, http://www.hts.org.za/index.php/HTS/article/viewFile/503/402 (accessed 16 October 2016) Salvation in Mark Salvation in Mark, HJ Bernard Combrink, University of Stellenbosch, http://www.religion.emory.edu/faculty/robbins/SRS/combrink/MarkSalvati on.pdf (accessed 16 October 2016) Salvation in the NT Salvation in the New Testament: Perspectives on Soteriology: Supplements to Novum Testamentum (Book 121), J. G. van der Watt (editor), Society of Biblical Literature, 2004) Soteriology in Soteriology in Ephesians, Corey Keating Ephesians http://www.coreykeating.com/SeminaryPapers/Soteriology%20in%20Ephe sians.pdf (accessed 3 September 2017) Soteriology in John’s Soteriology in John’s Gospel, Turner, Journal of the Evangelical Gospel Theological Society, 19-4 Pages 271-278, http://www.etsjets.org/files/JETS-PDFs/19/19-4/19-4-pp271- 278_JETS.pdf (accessed 16 October 2016) Soteriology in the Soteriology as Motivation in the Apocalypse of John, Alexander Stewart, Apocalypse Gorgias Press, 2015 The Faith of Jesus The Faith of Jesus Christ: Exegetical, Biblical, and Theological Studies, Christ Michael F. Bird and Preston M. Sprinkle, Paternoster and Hendrickson Publishers, 2009 The Fifth Gospel? Thomas: The Fifth Gospel? , http://www.etsjets.org/files/JETS-PDFs/49/49-1/JETS_49-1_67- 80_Perrin.pdf (accessed 26 March 2017) The Gospel of Thomas, The Gospel of Thomas, April D. DeConick, Isla Carroll and Percy E. DeConick Turner, https://scholarship.rice.edu/bitstream/handle/1911/72215/DeConick_The% 20Gospel%20of%20Thomas.pdf?sequence=1 (accessed 24 March 2017) pages 13-29 in The Non-Canonical Gospels, Edited by P. Foster London: T&T Clark. Reprinted from Expository Times 118 (2007) pages 469-479. The Other Gospel Thomas, the Other Gospel, Nicholas Perrin, Westminster John Knox Press, 2007 Theology of Revelation The Theology of the Book of Revelation, Richard Bauckham, Cambridge University Press, 1993 Thomas as “Christzen” The Circle of the Way: Reading the Gospel of Thomas as “Christzen” Text, Kenneth Arnold, from Cross Currents, Winter 2002, Vol. 51, No 4. http://www.crosscurrents.org/arnoldwinter2002.htm (accessed 3 April 2017) Thomas’ Hidden The Gospel of Thomas: The hidden sayings of Jesus, Marvin Meyer, Sayings Harold Bloom. HarperOne, 1992 Thomasine Thomasine Metamorphosis: Community, Text, and Transmission from Metamorphosis Greek to Coptic, David William Kim, https://www.google.com.au/#q=Thomasine+Metamorphosis:+Community, +Text,+and+Transmission+from+Greek+to+Coptic&* (accessed 26 March 2017)

9 Bibliography of the Footnote references

Understanding the Understanding the Fourth Gospel, second edition, John Ashton, Oxford Fourth Gospel University Press, 2007 What is Thomas? What is the Gospel of Thomas?, April D DeConick, home page: http://aprildeconick.com/gospel-of-thomas-articles/ (accessed 30 March 2017) What Jesus meant What Jesus Meant, Garry Wills, Penguin 2006 Who Wrote the NT? Who Wrote the New Testament?: The Making of the Christian Myth, Burton L. Mack, HarperOne, 1995

10 A History of Judaeo-Christian doctrine of Salvation in 5 Parts

Email me for a PRE-RELEASE DRAFT of the Study that interests you. [email protected]

You need to tell me which Part you are interested in:

Part 1: Soteriology of the First Temple Period (up to the 6th century BCE); Part 2: Soteriology of the Second Temple Period (from the 5th century BCE to 70 CE). IN PREPARATION, AVAILABLE IN 2019 Part 3: Soteriology of the 1st century CE; Part 4: Soteriology of the Christian Era; Part 5: Satan. Lucifer. Devil.

You might also be interested in a DRAFT Study that identifies Matthew’s Devil who tested Jesus.

These are for your information alone and they are not available for general release or circulation.