The in-depth guide FORENSIC SCIENCE SEMINAR for forensic professionals Forensic sci. sem. The best professional researches from global experts. Articles Reviews News 1 Scene 1 Investigation 1 Conferences 2 Laboratory 2 Identification 2 Cases 3 Simulation 3 Interdisciplinary 3 Trainings Z o l C a t A c a d e m i c FSSISSN 2157-118X H o u s e Editor-in-chief: Tilla A. Theresia Issue 14 Vol.8 No. 1 www.zolcat.com C a l l f o r April 2018 http://fss.xxyy.info P a p e r s FORENSIC SCIENCE SEMINAR PUBLISHED BY ZOLCAT ACADEMIC HOUSE NEW YORK ISSN 2157-118X 3 April, 2018, Volume 8, Number 1 Forensic Science Seminar Contents Review Articles 1 Application Status and Intelligent Trend of Digital Forensic Pathology in Identification Practice Qi GUO, Haibin XUE 5 A Generic Process Model for Botnet Forensic Analysis Meenakshi Thapliyal, Anchit Bijalwan, Neha Garg, Emmanuel Shubhakar Pilli 10 Forensic Accounting on Corporate Governance Maturity mediated by Internal Audit: A Conceptual Overview Ali Rehman, Fathyah Hashim Original Research Papers 19 Two different approaches to handle landmark location uncertainty in skull-face overlay:coevolution vs fuzzy landmarks Óscar Ibáñez, Óscar Cordón, Sergio Damas Single Issue Price $ 000 USD (Free / Non-commercial) Peer Reviewed | Limited Open Access 27 Deceleration Impact Experiments and Deceleration Injury Mechanism Analysis on the Thoracic and Abdominal Organs Editor-in-Chief: Tilla A. Theresia, Ph.D. - Quality Hongfa Chang, Daiqin Tao, Shengxiong Liu, Jingru Xie, Guangyu and Technology Management on Forensic Science Yang, Zhiyong Yin, Zhengguo Wang Laboratory (USA). E-mail: [email protected] Editorial Board 32 Effects of Heat Exposure Duration on Saliva Traces on Tarri Querina Borbón Zóe de Llaneadora, Ph.D. - Cigarette butts as Forensic Identification Tools Criminal Scene (Spain); Prof. Eric YIN, Ph.D. - Biomechanical Forensics (China); Prof. Donald A. Mely Purnadianti, Andika Aliviameita, Diah Ayu Nur Rochmawati, Redelmeier , - Traffic Medicine (Canada); Assoc. Dian Amanovitasari Prof. Eric ZENG, Ph.D. - Structure Safety (China); Quiéta de Thérésa, Ph.D. - Forensic Chemistry (France); Kyu Hana Daun, Ph.D.- Optics and Corrigendum Software Engineering ( Japan); Prof. Mark Benecke, M.D. - Forensic Biology (Germany); Галина C3 Errata: Corrigendum and Apology Сергеевна Мысливцев, Ph.D. - Criminal Editorial Psychology (Russia) Forensic Science Seminar ISSN 2157-118X Editorial Department E-mail: [email protected] Official Website http://fss.xxyy.info/ Publisher ZolCat Academic House, Brooklyn, NY, 11220. Indexed by Google Scholar, OCLC (659514459), Ulrich. Impact Factor = 0.179 (2017). Sponsored by the Library of Congress. FORENSIC SCI SEM Printed in the United States of America. All Rights Reserved. © 2011-2018. C2 GUO Qi, XUE Haibin. Application status and intelligent trend of digital forensic pathology in identification practice. Forensic Sci Sem, 2018, 8(1): 1-4. Peer Reviewed Forensic Science Seminar Received 1 February 2018 ISSN 2157-118X Received in revised form 6 March 2018 Volume 8 Number 1 Accepted 7 April 2018 3 April 2018 Available online 7 May 2018 pplication Status and Intelligent Trend of Digital AForensic Pathology in Identification Practice GUO Qi a, XUE Haibin b, * a. Public Security Bureau of Bishan District in Chongqing, Chongqing, 400000, China. b. Liangjiang New Area Branch of Chongqing Public Security Bureau, Chongqing, 400000, China. *CORRESPONDING AUTHOR. E-mail: [email protected]; Tel: +86-13983045601. ABSTRACT The traditional forensic identification methods rely mainly on the naked eye observation and empirical judgment of the appraisers in the process of autopsy and histopathological examination. The impartiality and scientific nature of the identification opinions thus formed are often questioned, often causing the parties to suffer due to evidence. Or conflict with the case handling party. Forensic pathology and medical imaging, computer simulation and other multidisciplinary integration formed a series of new digital technologies, which are revolutionizing forensic identification technology. KEY WORDS Forensic pathology, Virtual anatomy, Multi-rigid body simulation, Finite element analysis, FEA, Forensic science the body image data, is conducive to late re-examination and 1. INTRODUCTION consultation, the detection of forensic injury and the cause of death Forensic autopsy is a fundamental method and gold standard for has a great value. [2] recognizing clear causes of death. The traditional forensic In the 1990s, Dr. Thali et al. of the Institute of Forensic identification methods rely mainly on the naked eye observation Medicine at the University of Bern, Switzerland, first proposed the and empirical judgment of the appraisers in the process of autopsy concept of virtual anatomy and formed a theoretical system. and histopathological examination. The impartiality and scientific Current virtual anatomy techniques include optical nature of the identification opinions thus formed are often three-dimensional surface scanning, 3D photography, CT scans, questioned, often causing the parties to suffer due to evidence. Or and MRI scans. They make full use of the advantages of new conflict with the case handling party. Some of the lesions may not technologies and multi-technology integration to address causes of be able to obtain enough powerful information through autopsy, death, forensic pathology, life response, injury reconstruction, such and the traditional autopsy is a destructive examination. For as forensic focus. Many countries in Switzerland, the United States, centuries, it has been resisted and opposed by the families of the Japan, the United Kingdom, and Australia [2-5] have achieved deceased, especially by some religious cultural traditions [1]. certain research results in terms of damage detection, injury model Forensic pathology and medical imaging, computer simulation estimation, and cause of death identification. and other multidisciplinary integration formed a series of new 3. MULTI-RIGID BODY SIMULATION digital technologies, which are revolutionizing forensic identification technology. With the development of economy, the increase in the types and At present, virtual anatomy, multi rigid body simulation and number of vehicles, the incidence of traffic accidents and the finite element analysis are the most mature technologies. number of dead and injured have also shown an upward trend, which has become an important factor affecting social development 2. VIRTUAL ANATOMY and people’s lives. The identification of traffic accidents has also With the development of medical imaging techniques such as CT gradually risen to a forensic pathology, the focus identification and MRI, it provides a non-invasive/minimal invasive cadaveric project. In recent years, with the development of computer examination method for forensic medical examination—the hardware and numerical simulation technology, it has become forensic virtual anatomy technique that can clearly observe the technically possible to reconstruct traffic accidents through digital cadaver organs, bone lesions and damage, and can save the parts of reconstruction methods. The digital photogrammetry technology 1 GUO Qi, XUE Haibin. Application status and intelligent trend of digital forensic pathology in identification practice. Forensic Sci Sem, 2018, 8(1): 1-4. and multi-rigid body dynamics simulation technology can identification of injury. reconstruct the accident scene and digitally simulate, simulate and Since the 1970s, the finite element method has been applied to visualize the collision and injury process in the accident, thus the modeling and damage biomechanics of the human head, spine, assisting in the development of the forensic identification of traffic etc. The research scope has gradually expanded to the pelvis, injuries, and the accuracy, objectivity of accident identification, and thorax, and joints of the limbs and other structures. In addition to impartiality and scientific treatment of accident liability. the skeletal system, finite element models have been constructed Since the 1970s, research institutes in the United States, Europe, for cardiovascular, ocular, gastrointestinal, pulmonary, hepatic, Japan, and Australia have used multi-rigid body dynamics methods renal, and even placental sites and lesion analyses have been to perform vehicle crash tests and impact tests of occupant performed. At present, finite element modeling and analysis protection devices, which have caused structural deformation and methods have achieved certain results in the following crashworthiness of vehicles in collision accidents. As well as issues biomechanical studies of common injuries, including accelerations such as safety, a simulation analysis was carried out to reveal the caused by acceleration/deceleration of the head and injuries caused injury mechanism of the vehicle's personnel, formulate damage by rotational motion, and internal organs caused by the external assessment standards, and propose improvements to the vehicle force of the chest and abdomen, injury to blood vessels and damage design. Since the beginning of the 21st century, European and to the thorax, spine, pelvis, and joints of the limbs and attachments American research institutions have begun to use multi-rigid caused by external violence. [14-18] pedestrians and vehicle models to reconstruct real road traffic The study on the relationship between finite element modeling accidents, simulate car-pedestrian collisions, reproduce the process