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Gender, Knowledge and Power in Radical Culture
POETESSES AND POLITICIANS: GENDER, KNOWLEDGE AND POWER IN RADICAL CULTURE, 1830-1870 HELEN ROGERS submitted for the degree of D.Phil University of York History Department and Centre for Women's Studies September 1994 CONTENTS PAGE Acknowledgements Abstract Introduction - Poetesses and Politicians: Rethinking Women and Radicalism, 1830-1870 1 I Poetesses and Politicians 2 II Rethinking Women and Radicalism, 1830-1870 12 Chapter One - The Politics of Knowledge in Radical Culture, 1790-1834 25 I Reason, Virtue and Knowledge: Political and Moral Science in the 1790s 27 II "Union is Knowledge": Political and Moral Economy in the 1820s and 1830s 37 Chapter Two - "The Prayer, The Passion and the Reason" of Eliza Sharples: Freethought, Women's Rights and Republicanism, 1832-1852 51 I The Making of a Republican, 1827-1832 i The Conversion 54 ii "Moral Marriage": A Philosophical Partnership? 59 iii The Forbidden Fruit of Knowledge 64 II "The Lady of the Rotunda" 72 III "Proper Help Meets for Men": Eliza Sharpies and Female Association in Metropolitan Radical Culture, in the Early 1830s 81 IV "The Poverty of Philosophy": Marriage, Widowhood, and Politics, 1833-1852 94 Chapter Three - "A Thinking and Strictly Moral People": Education and Citizenship in the Chartist Movement 102 I Chartist Debates on Education as Politics 111 II "Sound Political Wisdom from the Lips of Women": Chartist Women's Political Education 120 III Chartist Women and Moral and Physical Force 130 IV Conclusion "What Power has Woman...?" 138 Chapter Four - "The Good Are Not Always -
I| and LEEDS GEIEHAL A3D¥Elfliie;
' ^ ./ ^>^^}]^, GfyzYtigt %ntetlis&ut* SOWERBr. —-On Stimiay ihe 3d of April , Mr*. Rushton , of Ovenden i and /Mr. Shaw of Hnddcre- field, prea ched to very large and attentive 4 " ' ¦ : r ¦ ; ' ¦ " ' ¦¦ • ' BIRn HNGBAOT. audienc es. .' - . ;- ":. - ¦ - . -/- . - .:¦: . ' . - IMPORTANT PROCEEDINGS. SEtBY.—On Thursday «yeiiisg, in last week, Mr. Weflt, the East and North Riding Mmionary, This town has been the scene of the most import- deliyered the past week. It seems a lecture in the Market-place, and in ff to ' ' ¦ during ' ¦ ' "¦'' ' ' ' ' ' " ' : . " ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ' ¦ ¦ ¦ proceedings • ¦ - ; ¦ ' ¦ - • ¦ " ¦ talented - - - -; ¦ ¦ , S ¦ ¦; ': ¦ ' and argumentative ^ ¦ ¦ address showed ant ¦ - ¦ - • up . - . - - . • . - . J^fy . ; for tne opinions of all i . fee X> ceufcre of attraction -— the fallacies of the Cora Law Repeal Sturge humbug. CTadeBand shades of Reform have had their represen- arena of YORK;— It haying been reported that the Lord tatives at this celebrated political agitation , Msyor and Viable tbas the proceedings of this week Magistrates had determined to put down and » is AND LEEDS GEIEHAL the Sunday ^venmg leotnres, given in the Charter in Birmingham will nave a powerful influence on thei|_ A3D¥ElfliiE; are casting about for | AssocliMon Room, and that if the Chartists per- minds of those who a remedy aiated in tiose meetings to the manifold grievances complained of by the , or for the future, should country. Tne first thing, then, in the; TOL. Y. NO. 230. ¦ ¦ hold any opb.n air meetings in the city, he should nsople of this SATURMY- . - . -), . APRI^^ % w * sutliSngg Qnarter. ¦' " send order of proceedings shall be be the __ ^^ Five per the police to disperse them ; these reports ' ¦ ¦¦ ' " ' caused a strong nl6f5ter at the couocil meeting of He had put the question to ¦ :¦ ¦;:¦ ¦ GREAT PUBLIC MEETING. -
Radical Spaces
Radical Spaces Radical Spaces Venues of popular politics in London, 1790–c. 1845 CHRISTINA PAROLIN THE AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY E PRESS E PRESS Published by ANU E Press The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200, Australia Email: [email protected] This title is also available online at: http://epress.anu.edu.au/radical_spaces_citation.html National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Author: Parolin, Christina. Title: Radical spaces : venues of popular politics in london, 1790 -1845 / Christina Parolin. ISBN: 9781921862007 (pbk.) 9781921862014 (eBook) Notes: Includes bibliographical references. Subjects: Radicalism--Great Britain--18th century. Great Britain--Politics and government--18th century. Great Britain--Social life and customs--18th century. Dewey Number: 320.53 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Cover design and layout by ANU E Press Cover image: Architectural view of the Surrey Rotunda, Sir Ashton Lever’s Museum in Blackfriars Road, London. Artist and date unknown. Copyright Wellcome Library, London. Printed by Griffin Press This edition © 2010 ANU E Press Contents Acknowledgments vii Illustrations ix Abbreviations xiii Introduction 1 1. ‘Honourable House of Blasphemers’: The radical public of Newgate in the early nineteenth century 17 2. ‘Bastilles of despotism’: Radical resistance in the Coldbath Fields House of Correction, 1798–1830 49 3. The ‘She-Champion of Impiety’: Female radicalism and political crime in early nineteenth-century England 83 4. Radicalism and reform at the ‘Gate of Pandemonium’: The Crown and Anchor tavern in visual culture, 1790–1820 105 5. -
The Practices of Radical Working-Class Politics, 1830-1842
Activism and the Everyday: The Practices of Radical Working-Class Politics, 1830-1842 A thesis submitted to the University of Manchester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Humanities 2012 Thomas Scriven School of Arts, Languages and Cultures. Contents Contents List of figures 3 Abstract 4 Declaration and Copyright Statement 5 Acknowledgements 6 Introduction 7 Chapter One Radicalism and Everyday Life: Agitation and Protest in Dorset, 1830-1838 31 Chapter Two Sociability, Conviviality and the Infrastructure of Early Chartism: Henry Vincent in the West of England, 1837-39 85 Chapter Three ‘The sworn foe of fleas!’: Humour, Satire and Sexuality in the Life and Letters of Henry Vincent 135 Chapter Four ‘To move in a dignified way and place my own character high above reproach’: Credit, Social Mobility and the Emergence of Popular Liberalism 187 Conclusion 237 Bibliography 245 This thesis is 79,147 words long, including footnotes and excluding the bibliography. 2 List of Figures Figure 1: Dorset in 1830, from Samuel Lewis (ed.), A Topographical Dictionary of England (London, 1831) p. 35 Figure 2: Circuit Plan for Methodist Lay Preachers in the Weymouth Circuit, 1829, from John Smith Simon, Methodism in Dorset: A Sketch (Weymouth, 1870) p. 58 Figure 3: Map illustrating the extent of the Methodist community in Dorset by 1829 p. 59 Figure 4: Map illustrating the extent of the Friendly Society of Agricultural Labourers by March 1834 p. 72 Figure 5: Extent of Chartist organising in Dorset, August-November 1838 p. 79 Figure 6: ‘The Royal Civic Gorge, or Who Pays for It’, from Cleave’s London Satirist and Gazette of Variety, 11 November 1837 p. -
Daniel O'connell, Repeal and Chartism in the Age of Atlantic Revolutions
Daniel O'Connell, repeal and Chartism in the age of Atlantic revolutions ROBERTS, Matthew <http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0639-1634> Available from Sheffield Hallam University Research Archive (SHURA) at: http://shura.shu.ac.uk/15673/ This document is the author deposited version. You are advised to consult the publisher's version if you wish to cite from it. Published version ROBERTS, Matthew (2018). Daniel O'Connell, repeal and Chartism in the age of Atlantic revolutions. The Journal of Modern History, 90 (1), 1-39. Copyright and re-use policy See http://shura.shu.ac.uk/information.html Sheffield Hallam University Research Archive http://shura.shu.ac.uk 1 Daniel O’Connell, Repeal and Chartism in the Age of Atlantic Revolutions* To say that Chartists and Daniel O’Connell disliked one another would be something of an under-statement. Chartism, the popular movement for parliamentary reform, dominated British popular politics in the late 1830s and 1840s, just as O’Connell’s Repeal movement – the campaign for the repeal of the Act of Union (1800) – dominated Irish popular politics during the same period. The Leicester Chartists judged O’Connell to be “one of the vilest of traitors and political apostates recorded in the annals of political delinquency.”1 The Halifax Chartists, reaching further depths of invective, compared O’Connell to “Satan amongst the Angels of Heaven,”2 while the Chartists of Hull resolved that “The several portraits of O’Connell, that arch-traitor of the people, shall be publicly burnt at the rooms of the Working Men’s Association.”3 -
Matthew-Roberts-PPP-19-Jan-2021
Romantic Memory? Forgetting, Remembering and Feeling in the Chartist Pantheon of Heroes, c.1790–1840 Matthew Roberts ABSTRACT This paper explores the politics of remembrance through a case study of Chartism, the British mass movement for democratic and social rights in the 1830s and 1840s. It focuses on the ‘paper pantheon’ of radical greats constructed by the Chartists from the perspectives of Romanticism, the powerful cultural and literary effects of which were still being felt in the 1840s. The paper highlights two linked aspects of romantic memory in Chartist heritage politics. First, the question, not of remembering, but forgetting and erasure; that is, which individuals and episodes in the radical tradition were either forgotten or consciously excluded by the Chartists. Second, particular attention is paid to recent scholarship in Romantic Studies which has explored the relationship between memory and posthumous reputation, and in doing so explores the posthumous potential of John Thelwall, Thomas Paine and William Cobbett. While the impact of Romanticism can be hardly denied and was part of the cultural inheritance of the Chartists, including the intense outpouring of feeling for heroes in the pantheon, it is important not to exaggerate its impact. Some Chartists rejected the unchecked appeals to the passions and introspection associated with Romanticism. Chartist aversion to this pull was a legacy in part of the enduring impact of radical Enlightenment and its associated affective politics. The final section explores some of the tensions between Romanticism and Enlightenment in Chartist heritage politics via a case-study of the French revolutionary C.F. Volney, and draws on recent work on the history of emotions to sketch out the affective 1 politics of Chartist memory, and in doing so suggests that political historians pay more attention to the politics of the passions. -
Introduction
Introduction Shakespearean Chartists In the autumn and winter of 1842–43, the poet and activist Thomas Cooper faced legal prosecution on three separate occasions for matters related to his activities in the Chartist movement. First, in October, Cooper was tried unsuccessfully for committing arson in Hanley, Staffordshire during the massive strike wave of August 1842.1 The following March, in a trial that ‘commenced on [his] birth- day’, Cooper was convicted of seditious conspiracy for speeches made during that same summer and sentenced to two years’ imprisonment in Staffordshire Gaol.2 But even as he awaited his second trial, the activist was summoned to Leicester’s town hall to answer a seemingly unrelated accusation: on 30 January 1843, Cooper was charged with performing Shakespeare’s Hamlet ‘on the 9th and 16th inst., for profit and gain, contrary to the statute’ that restricted the staging of tragedy and comedy to theatres with a royal patent.3 These performances grew out of the cultural world of Leicester Chartism. Under Cooper’s leadership, the local movement combined advocacy for the Charter, which sought a set of political reforms to establish democratic rule, with a vibrant counter-culture that included a school, frequent lectures, and ‘sections … for the cultivation of singing, study of the drama, &c.’.4 Members of the latter group performed a series of plays in December and January, culminating with the controversial production of Hamlet. Although the stakes of Cooper’s court appearance on 30 January were unde- niably lower than the other prosecutions, in which if convicted Cooper faced penal transportation or imprisonment, the idea of the impoverished stockingers who made up Leicester Chartism’s rank-and- file staging serious drama pro- voked scandal in the town.5 Such was the cultural trespass that on the day of the trial, the ‘Town-hall … was crowded with persons anxious to hear the informa- tion against Mr. -
The Past Jumps Up: British Radicals and the Remaking of Literary History, 1790-1870
The Past Jumps Up: British Radicals and the Remaking of Literary History, 1790-1870 by Casie Renee LeGette A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (English Language and Literature) in The University of Michigan 2010 Doctoral Committee: Associate Professor Adela N. Pinch, Chair Professor Marjorie Levinson Emeritus Professor Martha J. Vicinus Associate Professor Daniel S. Hack Associate Professor Kali A. K. Israel Acknowledgments I would like first to thank Adela Pinch, whose importance to this project is impossible to put into words. Without her, this dissertation would not exist. My thanks also to Danny Hack, who has lent this project his considerable expertise. The particular blend of criticism and support with which he has nurtured this project has proved invaluable. I will sorely miss my conversations with Marjorie Levinson, which have challenged, sustained, and inspired me for the past six years. Through Marjorie’s eyes, I can glimpse what my work could be, at its very best. I would like to thank Martha Vicinus for her meticulous feedback and her remarkable generosity. She is the kind of mentor I hope to be. Kali Israel’s enthusiasm for this project has motivated me to expand its scope and its stakes. All literary scholars should be lucky enough to have such a historian in their corner. And my thanks to Yopie Prins, for years of support and encouragement. This dissertation owes a great deal to the generosity of the archivists at the Labour History Archive of the People’s History Museum, the Bishopsgate Institute, the Working Class Movement Library, and the National Co-operative Archive. -
Books About Robert Owen in the Vassar College Libraries Record 1
Books about Robert Owen in the Vassar College Libraries Record 1 of 152 Peattie, Donald Culross, 1898-1964. When communism was tried in America / Donald Culross Peattie. CALL # AP2 .R255 1942. Record 2 of 152 Attic stories. Glasgow : Printed by James Hedderwick, and sold by Brash and Reid, and the principal booksellers, 1817-[1818] No. 1 (31st Jan. 1817)-no. 26 (20th Jan. 1818) CALL # AP4 .A93. Record 3 of 152 Owen, Robert, 1771-1858. Mr. Owen's proposed arrangements for the distressed working classes, shown to be consistent with sound principles of political economy : in three letters to David Ricardo, M.P. London: Longman, 1819. CALL # HN388 .O9 1819. Record 4 of 152 Macnab, Henry Grey, 1761-1823. The new views of Mr. Owen of Lanark impartially examined : as rational means of ultimately promoting the productive industry, comfort, moral improvement, and happiness of the labouring classes of society, and of the poor : and of training up children in the way in which they should go : also observations on the New Lanark School ... / by Henry Grey Macnab, M.D. London : Printed for J. Hatchard , 1819. CALL # HX696.O9 .M34 1819. Record 5 of 152 Morgan, John Minter, 1782-1854. Remarks on the practicability of Mr. Robert Owen's plan to improve the condition of the lower classes ... [Anon.] London, S. Leigh, 1819. CALL # HX696 .A87 1836. Record 6 of 152 Torrens, R. (Robert), 1780-1864. Mr. Owen's plans for relieving the national distress. [Edinburgh: Edinburgh Review, 1819] CALL # HX696.O9 T6 1819. Record 7 of 152 A vindication of Mr. -
Radical Spaces: Venues of Popular Politics in London, 1790–C. 1845
Radical Spaces Radical Spaces Venues of popular politics in London, 1790–c. 1845 CHRISTINA PAROLIN THE AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY E PRESS E PRESS Published by ANU E Press The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200, Australia Email: [email protected] This title is also available online at: http://epress.anu.edu.au/radical_spaces_citation.html National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Author: Parolin, Christina. Title: Radical spaces : venues of popular politics in london, 1790 -1845 / Christina Parolin. ISBN: 9781921862007 (pbk.) 9781921862014 (eBook) Notes: Includes bibliographical references. Subjects: Radicalism--Great Britain--18th century. Great Britain--Politics and government--18th century. Great Britain--Social life and customs--18th century. Dewey Number: 320.53 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Cover design and layout by ANU E Press Cover image: Architectural view of the Surrey Rotunda, Sir Ashton Lever’s Museum in Blackfriars Road, London. Artist and date unknown. Copyright Wellcome Library, London. Printed by Griffin Press This edition © 2010 ANU E Press Contents Acknowledgments vii Illustrations ix Abbreviations xiii Introduction 1 1. ‘Honourable House of Blasphemers’: The radical public of Newgate in the early nineteenth century 17 2. ‘Bastilles of despotism’: Radical resistance in the Coldbath Fields House of Correction, 1798–1830 49 3. The ‘She-Champion of Impiety’: Female radicalism and political crime in early nineteenth-century England 83 4. Radicalism and reform at the ‘Gate of Pandemonium’: The Crown and Anchor tavern in visual culture, 1790–1820 105 5.