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Formats De Fichier Supportés Par Gimp

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Formats De Fichier Supportés Par Gimp Formats de fichier supportés par Gimp Cette liste décrit les formats de fichier que peut lire et/ou écrire Gimp. Format Lecture Ecriture Format Lecture Ecriture Bmp X X Png X X Cel X X Pnm X X Fits X X Psd X FaxG3 X Postscript X X Gbr X X Sunras X X Gif X X Snp X Gicon X X Tga X X Hrz X X Tiff X X Header X Url X Jpeg X X Xcf X X Pat X X Xwd X X Pcx X X Xpm X X Pix X X Gzip X X XCF, qui est le format natif de Gimp, nous permet d'enregistrer nos calques et autres informations spécifiques à Gimp. Si vous sauvegardez vos images dans un format différent, vos informations spécifiques à Gimp seront perdues, vous ne pourrez pas éditer vos différents calques et d'autres options spécifiques à Gimp (les images GIF supportent les calques uniquement dans le cas où chacun d'eux représente une image d'une animation). Attention, seul le calque actif sera sauvegardé en tant qu'image si vous enregistrez votre image dans un format autre que XCF. Si vous voulez sauvegarder votre image comprenant des calques dans le format Tiff, par exemple, n'oubliez pas de fusionner les différents calques (flatten) avant. Vous trouverez une brève description des différents formats de fichier dans la liste ci-dessous. Pour plus d'information à propos des formats de fichier, reportez-vous à l'Annexe X à propos des livres et des liens traitants du graphisme. BMP: C'est un format bitmap non-compressé qui est utilisé dans Microsoft Windows pour afficher les images. La profondeur des couleurs est généralement de 1, 4 ou 8 bits, mais ce format peut en supporter davantage. Cel: C'est le format de fichier utilisé par les programmes KISS. Fits: Flexible Image Transport System est surtout utilisé en astronomie. Il est, par exemple, utilisé par la NASA dans leurs logiciels. Fax: C'est le format utilisé par les faxs. Il est très utile si vous avez un modem-fax sur votre station de travail Unix. Gbr: C'est le format utilisé pour les pinceaux de Gimp. Vous en apprendrez davantage au chapitre X. Gif: Graphics Interchange Format est un format déposé par Compuserve tandis que sa compression LZW est déposée par Unisys. Les images GIF sont en couleurs indexées 8 bits et peuvent être transparentes. Elles peuvent être également chargées en interlacées (graduellement) par quelques programmes. Le format GIF supporte également les animations et les commentaires. Gicon: Ce format est utilisé pour les icônes de Gimp. Par exemple, les icônes de la boîte d'outil de Gimp sont dans ce format. Ce format ne supporte que les images en niveaux de gris. Hrz: Ce format est toujours dans une résolution de 256 x 240 pixels et est utilisé par les systèmes amateurs slow- scan TV. Ce format ne supporte aucune compression, il ne s'agit que de données brutes RGB. Header: Ce format est un header en langage C. Il est extrêmement utile pour les programmeurs qui veulent inclure des images dans leurs programmes en C. Jpeg: Ce format supporte la compression et toutes les profondeurs de couleurs. La compression de l'image est ajustable, mais attention: une compression trop importante causerait des dommages à la qualité de l'image: la compression Jpeg est une compression avec pertes. Jpeg est l'acronyme de Joint Photographics Experts Group. Pat: Ce format est utilisé pour les textures (patterns) de Gimp. Pcx: Ce format de fichier de Zsoft est très utilisé par Paintbrush et Paint pour Windows. Pix: Ce format est utilisé par Alias/Wavefront sur station SGI. Il supporte des profondeurs de couleurs de 24 bits et des niveaux de gris sur 8 bits. Png: C'est le format de fichier supposé remplacer le format GIF et ainsi résoudre les problèmes de droits d'auteur. Les images en Truecolor, en couleurs indexées et en niveaux de gris sont acceptés, ainsi qu'un canal alpha optionnel. Le format Png utilise une compression, mais à l'inverse du format Jpeg, il n'y a pas de pertes d'information dans l'image. Png est l'acronyme de Portable Network Graphics. Pnm: Pnm supporte les couleurs indexées, les images en niveaux de gris et en Truecolor. Il est très utilisé pour générer une image au format Pnm qui plus tard sera convertie par les programmes livrés avec les distributions netpbm ou pbmplus. Psd: Ce format n'est utilisé que par Adobe Photoshop. Postscript: Il s'agit d'un langage de description de page qui est très utilisé par les imprimantes et autres organes de sorties. Le format Postscript est un excellent moyen de distribuer des documents. Ce format fut créé par Adobe. Le plug-in chargé d'interpréter un document Postscript est également capable de lire le format PDF. Reportez-vous au chapitre sur l'installation pour en connaître le fonctionnement. Sunras: Le format tramée de Sun est très utilisé dans différentes applications sur station Sun. Ce format supporte le niveaux de gris, les couleurs indexées et le Truecolor. Snp: Ce format de fichier est utilisé par MicroEyes dans ses animations. Vous pouvez charger un document dans ce format et l'enregistrer en tant que GIF ou GIF animé. Tga: Le format Tga supporte la compression. Il supporte le 8, 16, 24 ou 32 bits par pixel. Tiff: Acronyme de Tagged-Image File Format, le Tiff est un standard de l'industrie de l'image. Il existe de nombreuses variations du format Tiff. Sachez qu'il supporte six routines d'encodage différentes et trois modes d'images: noir & blanc, niveaux de gris ou en couleurs. Le Tiff sans compression supporte 1, 4, 8 ou 24 bits par pixel. Le Tiff compressé au format LZW supporte 4, 8 ou 24 bits par pixel. Uniforme Resource Locator. Ce format vous permet de télécharger une image venant d'un site ftp ou http directement dans Gimp. La syntaxe dans sa boîte de dialogue est: ftp://<adresse>/<fichier> ou http://<adresse>/<fichier>. Pour davantage d'information sur l'installation reportez-vous au chapitre sur l'installation et à l'Annexe X. Xcf: C'est le format natif de Gimp. Xwd: C'est le format utilisé par l'utilitaire de capture d'écran livré avec X. Xwd signifie Xwindow Dump. Xpm: Ce format de fichier est utilisé par les icônes de couleurs sous X. Xpm sous Gimp supporte les couleurs 8, 16 et 24 bits. Xpm signifie X PixMap. Gzip: Vous permets d'ouvrir et d'enregistrer des images compressées avec l'utilitaire Gzip. Le nom complet du fichier doit être <nom_de_fichier>.<suffixe_de_format>.gz. Ex: Toto.tga.gz .
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