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Pequeño Y Flexible 026-030_Linksys18 13/6/06 12:19 Página 26 PORTADA ¥ Linksys El sabelotodo: Linksys NSLU2 PEQUEÑO Y FLEXIBLE ¿El tamaño no importa? Falso: El NSLU2 cabe en un bolsillo, tiene un precio moderado y gracias a Linux sirve de sabelotodo para la red doméstica. POR MARTIN LOSCHWITZ ay hardware que muestra real- de dos puertos USB 2.0, a los cuales almacenamiento en red. mente sus cualidades cuando pueden conectarse, por ejemplo, dis- Puede encontrarse a partir de 100 H se instala Linux por la puerta cos duros externos o una impresora. Euros. Es recomendable buscarlo por trasera. Esto ocurre con el enlace de Al programa de configuración del internet, porque en las tiendas está almacenamiento de red USB NSLU2 de NSLU2 se accede simplemente a muy solicitado, ya que se trata de un Linksys (“Enlace de almacenamiento través de un navegador. Después de la objeto de culto para geeks. de red para unidades de disco USB configuración, todos los aparatos En la caja se encuentra un orde- 2.0”). conectados estarán disponibles para nador normal con una CPU Xscale de Esta cajita del tamaño de una postal todos los ordenadores de la red, si Intel de 100 MHz. El NSLU2 es puede funcionar como servidor de conocen el protocolo SMB (lo que per- demasiado modesto, porque el proce- impresión, servidor web o como cen- mite su acceso desde Windows) o el sador de Intel está diseñado para una tralita telefónica, aparte de las fun- protocolo NFS para dispositivos de frecuencia de 200 MHz. El sistema cionalidades incluidas en la configu- almacenamiento. dispone de una memoria RAM de 32 ración estándar como servidor NFS o Este concepto posee muchas venta- MByte. Samba. Ya existe un firmware basado jas: En primer lugar nos ahorramos la Estos componentes son una buena en Linux instalado en el NSLU2 seme- configuración compleja y pesada de base para funcionalidades amplias jante al conocido router WRT54G de una maquina Linux o Windows que que serían imposibles con el firmware Linksys. A continuación vamos a serviría de manera similar. Además, instalado. Por eso explicaremos cómo exminarlo con detenimiento. los discos duros externos USB junto reemplazar el firmware original y con el NSLU2 consumen mucho cómo activar funciones especiales con Propiedades menos energía que un ordenador com- una imagen Linux modificada. En la versión estándar, Linksys NSLU2 pleto. es un dispositivo que tiene funciones Por su pequeño tamaño, el NSLU2 Desde el principio útiles para una red pequeña: Dispone sirve para usarlo en casa, en la oficina El afortunado propietario de un de una interfaz de red 10/100 Mbit/s y o incluso como servidor portátil de NSLU2 lo tiene fácil una vez conec- 26 Número 18 WWW.LINUX-MAGAZINE.ES 026-030_Linksys18 13/6/06 12:19 Página 27 Linksys ¥ PORTADA tado: En la configuración estándar la impresión CUPS o del servidor web dirección IP del NSLU2 es Apache. 192.168.1.77. Introducimos esta OpenSlug pone más énfasis en el dirección en nuestro navegador y pul- control total del usuario: Nosotros samos [Intro]. El sistema pregunta mismos podemos modificar casi por el nombre de usuario y la con- cualquier propiedad del sistema. traseña, tal como debería ser en un OpenSlug no se basa en el firmware sistema Linux. El nombre de usuario oficial de Linksys, por eso faltan la es root y la contraseña es admin. interfaz web y el sistema Samba y Si ya habéis configurado una vez un NFS preinstalado, ellos harían del router WRT54G, probablemente os ordenador un servidor de red. sonará la imagen del programa de OpenSlug está más orientado a configuración. Pero en caso contrario, usuarios con experiencia que quieren también se maneja fácilmente. A configurar la mini-maquina según sus través del menú de administración propias ideas y sin las limitaciones ubicado en la parte superior se accede del firmware estándar. a los distintos submenús. Como ya dijimos, el NSLU2 fun- Instalar imagen ciona en la configuración estándar Recomendamos que os penséis bien si con el freno de mano puesto: En prin- preferís OpenSlug o Unslung en vue- cipio Intel especifica el CPU para una stro equipo consultando las páginas frecuencia de 200 MHz, pero el web de los dos proyectos. Resulta NSLU2 usa solamente 100 MHz, esto todavía fácil reemplazar el firmware es, la mitad de la velocidad. En nues- original, pero el cambio de Unslung a tra prueba, quitando el freno que Openslug o al revés es bastante difí- supone esa mitad de frecuencia, no cil. Figura. 1: Una pequeña actualización abre había ninguna consecuencia ni para Para instalar Unslung en el hard- nuevas posibilidades de uso para el enlace de la temperatura ni para la estabilidad ware, descargamos la imagen actual almacenamiento de red USB NSLU2. del sistema. El recuadro “Modificar placa” Modificar placa explica cómo quitar este freno. Tened en cuenta que estas modificaciones Hay que tener en cuenta que con este procedimiento se pierde cualquier derecho a una garantía para el producto. Por ello recomendamos los pasos siguientes sola- no son necesarias para cambiar el mente si os sentís seguros manipulando el hardware y si no necesitáis definitiva- software del equipo. Además, se mente la garantía. pierde cualquier garantía para el Cogemos la caja de tal manera que el lado con los LEDs y el botón para encenderlo se hardware. muestran hacia la derecha. Pulsamos con el pulgar de la mano izquierda en medio de la Muchos caminos llevan a línea entre las dos piezas de la caja hasta que la tapadera de la caja se mueva hacia Roma abajo. Ahora tiramos con la mano derecha la parte con los LEDs. Moviéndolo con fuerza de un lado a otro separamos las dos piezas de la caja. Cuidado: Tal vez os suena la cita de la comu- La placa en el interior no está sujetada con tornillos. Si abrimos la caja bruscamente, se nidad de código abierto: Siempre hay podría caer la placa al suelo. más de un camino para hacer algo. Lo Localizamos la memoria flash de Intel en la placa (figura 2). Cogemos la placa de tal mismo se puede decir de la insta- manera que el chip esté invertido. A la derecha vemos un campo de soldadura con lación de Linux en el NSLU2. Existen cinco resistencias, arriba pone R84. En esta fila buscamos la quinta resistencia desde dos versiones de sustitución del arriba, que se encuentra encima de un puesto vacío (figura 3). firmware para elegir. Aunque los Rajamos con cuidado el borde izquierdo objetivos de desarrollo de Unslung [1] y derecho de la resistencia con un y OpenSlug [2] vayan en direcciones cuchillo de cocina agudo o con una sim- distintas. ple hoja de afeitar hasta que se rompa Unslung se ha propuesto extender solo y se caiga. Procuramos no destruir el firmware de NSLU2 sin reemplazar las otras resistencias, porque si no, el las funcionalidades básicas que ya NSLU2 se convierte en un pisapapeles existen. Por eso la distribución con- en vez de en un servidor de red rápido. tiene la interfaz web del “Slug”, así se Montamos la caja de nuevo. Sin tornil- llama el equipo entre desarrolladores. los, solamente metemos la placa en la Además añade un servidor Telnet o caja y apretamos el frontal hasta que encaje. Y ya está. Si hemos hecho todo SSH. A través de este acceso se abren Modificando la placa con un simple cuchillo bien, el NSLU2 corre el doble de rápido muchas posibilidades, como por de cocina, se puede duplicar la velocidad de que antes. la CPU. ejemplo la instalación del servidor de WWW.LINUX-MAGAZINE.ES Número 18 27 026-030_Linksys18 13/6/06 12:19 Página 28 PORTADA ¥ Linksys cionalidades no tamos el comando upslug2. El pro- son suficientes, grama indica una lista de los disposi- tendremos que tivos NSLU2 en la red. La secuencia instalar de cifras hexadecimales con los doble OpenSlug, pro- puntos es la dirección MAC de cada ceso bastante tarjeta de red en los dispositivos. complicado. Cargamos ahora la imagen Hay que cam- Openslug-Image con upslug2 —tar- biar el NSLU2 get=dirección-MAC manualmente —image=openslug.img al NSLU2 que Figura 3: Después de la instalación de Unslung encontramos nuevos al modo hay que actualizar. Después de la puntos en la interfaz de gestión que permiten más con"iguraciones. Upgrade para instalación de la imagen nueva, el que solicite e dispositivo arranca otra vez, el pro- de la página web del proyecto. Pul- instale una imagen a través de la red ceso está terminado y el nuevo sis- samos el botón Reset en la parte al iniciar el sistema. tema operativo instalado. trasera del NSLU2 durante diez Para ello usamos el programa Da igual si hemos instalado segundos para cargar la configuración UpSlug2 [3] que bajamos de la página Unslung o OpenSlug, pues después de estándar. Nos registramos en la inter- del proyecto. Pero la ayuda para la la instalación disponemos de un login faz web (la dirección IP es otra vez instalación sólo existe en inglés [4]. vía SSH. Usamos como dirección la IP 192.168.1.77) y pulsamos Administra- Además contiene un pequeño error: del aparato; como nombre de usuario tion. Luego elegimos Advanced y Para salir del programa tenemos que indicamos root. La contraseña root es después Firmware Upgrade. usar en la línea de comandos cvs -z3 con Unslug uNSLUng, y con OpenSlug Pulsamos Examinar (el nombre del co upslug2 en vez del cvs -z3 co opeNSLUg. Si usamos OpenSlug, hay botón depende del navegador usado) upslug especificado. En cambio, que ejecutar el comando turnup init - y elegimos el archivo descargado.
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