A SPECIAL REPORT BY Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unifi ed School District: A Tale of Two Schools Acknowledgments Special thanks to the Broad Foundation and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation for their generous support in the production and release of this report.

Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unifi ed School District: A Tale of Two Schools

A Special Report by the Education Trust—West

© 2005 by the Education Trust—West Introduction Latino, African-American, and low-income students than on those teaching White and affluent kids. It’s no secret that California fails to provide equal access to instructional materials, safe and decent school facilities, and Our February report provided data on district-wide gaps in teacher qualified teachers in public schools. 1 Schools that serve mostly spending and therefore raised among many readers the pressing low-income students and students of color receive less of and obvious question, “What’s going on at my children’s school?” everything than schools that serve their more advantaged peers. Now, in this new series of Hidden Gap reports, we try to answer that But there is an even more insidious inequity that has remained question. This series of reports looks at the impact of the hidden largely invisible, and that is the gap in school spending on teacher-spending gaps in every school in the state. The series is teachers. This report seeks to expose that gap in the Los Angeles comprised of 12 district-specific reports that reveal school-level Unified School District. gaps in California’s largest school districts, along with a companion web-based tool (hiddengap.org) for user-friendly access to hidden LAUSD’s hidden teacher-spending gap shortchanges Los Angeles’ gap information about every public school in California. most vulnerable students not once, but twice. Not only are low- income students and students of color denied their fair share of In these pages we delve into the Los Angeles Unified School District qualified teachers, but their schools are also shortchanged on and for the first time ever reveal the truth about the size of school- funding—in many cases by hundreds of thousands of dollars level hidden gaps and their impact on every school in LAUSD. We annually. also answer the critical question: How much more money would it take for each school in LAUSD to catch up to what the schools Although Los Angeles Unified is the subject of this report, the serving the fewest low-income, Latino, and African-American same in-district, school-to-school inequities exist in school students spend on their teachers? districts from the northernmost parts of the state to our border with Mexico. The Education Trust—West reported these district- These answers are provided with the hope that by shining an even wide gaps in February 2005 in our report, California’s Hidden more focused spotlight than we did in February on a previously Teacher-Spending Gap: How State and District Budgeting Practices invisible inequity, decision-makers and policymakers will take Shortchange Poor and Minority Students and Their Schools. The action. If they should fail to act, this report arms students, parents, February report showed that California’s school districts spend and educators with some tools they need to demand what should millions of dollars less on teachers in schools serving mostly have been theirs all along.

Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools 1 Executive Summary: What We Know Now

Research has made two facts abundantly clear:

• Effective teaching is critical to student achievement; and • Low-income students and students of color are consistently assigned to the least qualified teachers. 2

This is not to say that there are no well-qualified and highly effective teachers working in high-poverty schools and schools serving high percentages of minority students. There are certainly According to the Center for the Future of Teaching and Learning individual teachers in such schools who are very qualified, and (CFTL): there are some very high-poverty and high-minority schools that manage to attract unusually well-qualified teachers. Indeed, in • Students in California’s poorest schools are more than twice as this report we point to exceptions to the overall pattern, showing likely to have an under-prepared teacher as are students in more that when poor and minority children are taught by qualified affluent schools, and; teachers they can achieve at higher levels. • Students in the schools with the highest percentages of minority students are a whopping five times more likely to have an Despite these exceptions, though, there is a well-documented under-prepared teacher as are students in schools with lower pattern in California and across the country: High-poverty and percentages of minority students. high-minority schools have the fewest experienced and qualified teachers.3 This pattern of inequity shortchanges low-income and The consequences of this inequitable pattern are clear. For example, minority students on the most important education resource— CFTL found that students in California’s schools with the lowest good teaching. It limits their chances for academic success and passing rates on the California High School Exit Exam (CAHSEE) compounds the damage caused by poverty and racism. are three times more likely to have an under-prepared teacher than students in schools with the highest CAHSEE passing rates.4

2 Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools What’s behind the disproportionate access to effective teachers? • Then, the public is never aware of the resulting inequities in Several long-standing practices and policies contribute to the teacher spending because of a practice called “salary-cost problem. For one, most districts in California and across the averaging,” whereby districts publicly report dollars spent on country allocate teachers to schools with very little consideration teachers using a district-wide average salary, not the actual of—or control for—fair distribution of teacher experience and salaries paid at individual schools. Salary averaging gives the expertise among schools. District leaders can’t unilaterally take illusion of a fair distribution of per-pupil funding, when in the control back because they are restricted by tenets in collective reality the distribution of teaching dollars is anything but fair bargaining contracts that date back to the early days of collective and equitable. bargaining, in some cases as far back as the mid-1970s. These budgeting and reporting practices essentially divert funds— Teachers with the most experience and expertise usually have the perhaps even funds which by law are specifically designated to first choice of staying in, or moving into and out of the schools boost the achievement of low-income students—away from the they want. In turn, schools considered more attractive by teachers schools and students most in need and send the money to more have a much easier time recruiting and retaining experienced affluent and advantaged schools. and expert teachers—the professionals that earn the highest pay among their peers. Then, schools considered less attractive and Through these practices and policies, California’s school districts more difficult—typically those with more students of color and have large hidden teacher-spending gaps and they provide millions more poor students—are left with the least experienced teachers, those teachers earning the lowest salaries.

The teacher distribution pattern is exacerbated by budgeting practices:

• First, in most school districts, teacher salaries are charged against a district-wide account rather than school-specific budgets. Thus, it doesn’t make a difference in any individual school’s accounting if that school is spending hundreds of thousands of dollars more, or less, on teachers than another school.

Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools 3 of dollars less each year to schools serving mostly Latino, African- American and low-income students than they do to the schools Lifting The Veil serving the most advantaged kids. State and local leaders talk constantly about their commitment to equality of opportunity What’s a Hidden Teacher-Spending Gap? and to doing what it takes to close the achievement gap, yet these patterns persist. Moreover, these patterns are hidden by budgeting Most of a school’s budget is spent on teachers. Indeed, teacher and public reporting practices that do not confront inequality, salaries usually comprise a full 80-85 percent of any individual but instead create, exacerbate and mask inequality. school’s budget. Traditionally, teacher salaries are governed by what is called a “single salary schedule,” which creates lock-step

In our February hidden gap report, in which we revealed estimates raises determined by experience and credentials. of the average teacher salary gap in every district and the related impact on funding for the average poor and minority school in the In a typical salary schedule, teachers’ salaries are determined ten largest districts, we found that, on average, LAUSD provides according to years of experience overall, years teaching in that at least $1,500 less per teacher in elementary and middle schools particular district, certification status, and educational level (e.g., serving mostly low-income, Latino, and African-American kids. bachelor’s degree, master’s degree). Teachers are paid more as Though LAUSD’s gaps are somewhat smaller than other large they advance in years spent teaching in the district and as they California districts, it remains abundantly clear that low-income and minority students in LAUSD are not only shortchanged in terms of teacher talent when it comes to experience, certification, and higher education, but they also come up short in terms of total dollars spent on their education.

This report probes deeper, exploring the hidden gaps in every school in LAUSD. We found huge disparities in teacher spending between schools in LAUSD—in some cases high-poverty and high-minority schools are shorted by more than a million dollars every year.

4 Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools accrue more education credits—both at the university level teacher qualifications that are directly correlated with lower teacher and through professional development. In some cases, teachers pay) get nothing to compensate for their junior staffs and smaller also may be paid for bilingual skills, as well as for performing payrolls. And when reporting teacher salaries, all schools report the additional duties outside the scope of responsibilities defined by same district-wide average salary—so it appears that high-poverty the teacher’s contract, such as coaching or serving as a mentor schools are getting the same allocations as other schools when they teacher. might be receiving hundreds of thousands of dollars less.

Thus, teachers who have more credentials, experience, education, This amounts to a perverse subsidy to wealthier schools paid for and professional development are paid more. In Los Angeles by poor schools. In other words, we may say that we are spending Unified, not unlike the vast majority of California’s school $7,912 per student in Los Angeles Unified5, but the per-student districts, teachers with the most qualifications are predominant dollars that are supposed to flow to LAUSD’s schools serving the in schools serving the fewest low-income, Latino and African- largest numbers of poor, Latino, and African-American students American students. How does this happen? Teachers with more are often spent not on teaching them, but rather on teaching their experience and high-level degrees often migrate to lower poverty more advantaged counterparts across town. and lower minority schools where there are often fewer challenges and better conditions, and they take their skills and their higher Hidden Gaps’ Impact on Schools in Los Angeles Unified salaries with them. And districts can’t, or don’t, do much to disrupt this pattern. On average, LAUSD spends less on teachers in its neediest schools. The result of this unchecked system is a massive maldistribution As seen in Table 1 on the following page, looking at the top and of funds—money transferred away from our least-advantaged bottom quartiles of student enrollment, LAUSD spends an toward our most-advantaged schools. Schools serving more estimated $1,589 less per teacher in its high-poverty elementary affluent students have their choice of teachers, can hire the schools, $1,826 less in its high-poverty middle schools and, to its most expensive teachers in the district, and don’t even need to credit, $159 more on its high schools serving mostly poor students. prioritize this expense in relation to their other expenses because (For a detailed methodology, see the Technical Appendix, which teacher salaries are charged against a district-wide account rather describes the analysis we performed by combining 2003-2004 than school-specific budgets. Conversely, high-poverty schools teacher-level data published by the CDE with specific district-level that have inexperienced and often uncertified teachers (i.e., those teacher salary schedules to create a “best estimate” of the average

Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools 5 Table I: Gap between Average Teacher Salaries in LAUSD’s Lowest- and teacher salary for each school. For accuracy we validated Highest-Quartile Poverty and Minority Schools, by School Type our estimates with the actual teacher salary expenditures in two of California’s large urban districts.) DISTRICT Poverty Minority

Elementary Middle High School Elementary Middle High School But what’s worse, LAUSD spends even less on teacher Los Angeles Unified $1589 $1826 -$159* $2093 $2246 $1521 salaries in the schools serving the most minority kids.

* The negative gap between LAUSD’s high- and low-poverty high schools indicates that LAUSD is actually spending Indeed, at every grade level LAUSD’s hidden teacher- $159 more per teacher on average in its high-poverty high schools than it spends on teachers in high schools serving spending gaps are even bigger when comparing schools the fewest numbers of low-income students. serving mostly Latino and African-American students to the spending on teachers in schools serving mostly White kids: $2,093 less per teacher in its high-minority elementary schools, $2,246 less per teacher in high-minority middle Table 2: Hidden Gaps: The School Level Impact* by School Type in High- and Low- schools and $1,521 less per teacher in its Poverty and Minority Quartiles, California’s Ten Largest Districts high-minority high schools.

DISTRICT Poverty Minority The effect of these gaps on schools is

Elementary Middle High School Elementary Middle High School significant. As Table 2 shows, when we Elk Grove Unified 36,561 -157,937 325,113 102,762 -319,075 252,503 analyze the impact of the gaps on the typical Fresno Unified 125,881 104,980 85,534 108,113 126,829 125,639 school budget in LAUSD by school type, it’s Long Beach Unified 362,683 251,012 574,387 381,587 218,585 289,968 clear that significant damage is done to poor Los Angeles Unified 83,363 175,960 -23,763 112,743 200,178 161,686 and minority schools in terms of dollars Sacramento City Unified 140,144 -39,078 227,073 142,012 89,692 522,459 spent on teachers. For example, the average San Bernardino City Unified 228,668 239,357 463,426 231,464 345,367 382,690 San Diego City Schools 139,972 216,460 267,900 223,072 268,907 254,832 school-wide teacher-spending gap in LAUSD San Francisco Unified 43,817 44,905 195,426 86,399 146,006 263,816 between middle schools serving the largest San Juan Unified 81,899 202,423 103,330 53,964 150,314 139,570 numbers of African-American and Latino Santa Ana Unified 120,456 309,381 -215,960 84,678 175,133 64,291 students and middle schools educating the * The school level impact reflects the estimated average school salaries in each district and number of teacher FTEs in each school. See fewest numbers of of minority students is Technical Appendix for more detail. more than $200,000. In all but LAUSD’s

6 Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools high-poverty high schools (which, again, spend more money per rates on CAHSEE: a discouraging 37 percent in math, 37 percent teacher than low-poverty high schools, thus the negative gap), far in English.) fewer dollars are spent on teachers for students most dependent on them for learning. Many people probably attribute the lower student performance at Locke to the make-up of its student population. That assumption, A Tale of Two Schools in Los Angeles however, completely ignores this critical factor: LAUSD provides Unified far fewer experienced, well-educated and consequently well-paid teachers to the high-poverty and high-minority school. Indeed, A closer look at two actual schools in LAUSD illustrates just how the average teacher at Locke gets paid an estimated $8,034 less significant the teacher salary expenditure gap can be. Consider every year than his or her counterpart at Granada Hills. two high schools that exemplify one of the largest disparities in teacher salaries in Los Angeles Unified: Locke Senior High and What is the significance of this $8,034? Think of it this way: If Granada Hills Senior High. Locke spent as much on its teacher salaries as Granada Hills, the school’s budget would increase by $956,046 every year There are some obvious differences between the two schools: ($8,034 multiplied by 119 teachers). This means that the district Locke educates mostly Latino and African-American students is shorting the school almost a million dollars, the amount (99.8 percent) and low-income students (66 percent of students necessary to level the playing field and “catch it up” to the teacher are eligible to receive free or reduced-price meals). In contrast, spending in Granada Hills. With almost $1 million more in its a smaller fraction of the students at Granada Hills are Latino budget, Locke could dramatically improve the quality of teaching and African-American (31.7 percent, far below the average in any number of ways. It could hire 20 additional teachers, pay minority rate for LAUSD’s high schools of 81 percent), and low- its strongest teachers more, provide substantive professional income (only 26.6 percent of students are eligible to receive free development to its new and existing teachers, and/or provide or reduced-price meals, far below the average poverty rate for extended learning time for its students. Of course we recognize LAUSD’s high schools of 64 percent). Also, Locke is performing that LAUSD doesn’t have unlimited funds to provide Locke, or far behind Granada Hills. Locke’s Academic Performance Index any of the schools listed in this report, the dollars and teaching (API) is 440, while Granada Hills has an API of 773. Granada resources they would need to close the hidden gaps overnight. Hills’ students are also about twice as likely as Locke’s students to Later, though, we outline some steps that can be taken now to pass the high school exit exam (Granada Hills’ passing rates on begin to level the playing field. CAHSEE: 84 percent - math, 88 percent - English; Locke’s passing

Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools 7 A Look at Every School in LAUSD* * These school-wide hidden teacher-spending gaps are calculated by taking the difference between a school’s average teacher salary and the average teacher salary of the lowest poverty/minority schools in the district (i.e. schools in the The hidden teacher-spending gaps impact most schools in lowest quartile) and multiplying that difference by the number of teacher FTEs LAUSD. For many, the impact is considerable—hundreds of at the school (for more detailed information, see the Technical Appendix). thousands of dollars, annually. And until now, these gaps were Additionally, a gap of $0 means that schools do not have a hidden teacher- spending gap—that they instead are spending more on teachers than the lowest hidden from public view. poverty and minority schools in LAUSD spend on their teachers.

Tables 3 through 5 list, by school level, the impact of the hidden gaps on schools in LAUSD: the amount of money each school would need in order to catch up with what LAUSD’s lowest- poverty and lowest-minority schools are spending on their teachers. In other words, they show how much schools are getting shorted as a result of the hidden gaps.

Table 3A: Elementary School Poverty Gaps

School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent poverty Percent minority salary Poverty Quartile Poverty gap West Vernon Avenue Elementary 72 $49,076 $55,200 $440,897 98.2% 99.7% Forty-Ninth Street Elementary 86 $50,119 $55,200 $436,969 96.6% 100.0% South Park Elementary 57 $47,854 $55,200 $418,701 96.9% 99.6% Miles Avenue Elementary 130 $52,164 $55,200 $394,635 93.6% 99.3% Woodcrest Elementary 72 $49,847 $55,200 $385,419 89.4% 99.0% Seventy-Fifth Street Elementary 87 $50,908 $55,200 $373,383 97.3% 99.9% Parmelee Avenue Elementary 76 $50,272 $55,200 $372,079 85.3% 99.9% Sixty-Sixth Street Elementary 67 $49,654 $55,200 $371,587 94.3% 99.9% Barrett (Charles W.) Elementary 63 $49,307 $55,200 $371,288 96.4% 99.2% Middleton Street Elementary 103 $51,636 $55,200 $367,100 90.1% 99.6% Vaughn Next Century Learning Center 69 $50,171 $55,200 $346,972 100.0% 99.4% Average-LAUSD Elementary Schools 78.1% 81.3%

8 Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent poverty Percent minority salary Poverty Quartile Poverty gap Ninety-Ninth Street Elementary 35 $45,464 $55,200 $340,762 96.6% 99.8% Main Street Elementary 81 $51,191 $55,200 $324,712 98.0% 99.1% Pacoima Charter Elementary 68 $50,566 $55,200 $315,095 94.9% 99.2% Fifty-Second Street Elementary 63 $50,335 $55,200 $306,502 86.6% 99.8% Hoover Street Elementary 104 $52,554 $55,200 $275,148 97.5% 95.5% Cahuenga Elementary 67 $51,138 $55,200 $272,178 92.2% 68.1% One Hundred Twenty-Second Street Elem. 46 $49,449 $55,200 $264,555 94.0% 99.8% Manchester Avenue Elementary 76 $51,814 $55,200 $257,357 98.5% 99.4% Aldama Elementary 41 $48,948 $55,200 $256,341 97.5% 98.2% Plummer Elementary 87 $52,262 $55,200 $254,129 89.2% 94.8% Grape Street Elementary 37 $48,856 $55,200 $234,745 93.5% 99.6% Ninety-Sixth Street Elementary 52 $50,700 $55,200 $233,996 87.9% 99.5% Hillcrest Drive Elementary 63 $51,518 $55,200 $231,982 93.7% 98.9% Ninety-Fifth Street Elementary 66 $51,695 $55,200 $231,309 96.3% 98.9% Noble Avenue Elementary 87 $52,592 $55,200 $226,866 90.5% 94.4% Marvin Elementary 56 $51,166 $55,200 $225,890 94.4% 98.2% Columbus Avenue Elementary 35 $48,798 $55,200 $224,084 91.9% 88.8% Trinity Street Elementary 87 $52,639 $55,200 $221,526 95.8% 99.9% Seventy-Fourth Street Elementary 47 $50,708 $55,200 $211,113 85.8% 98.8% Magnolia Avenue Elementary 87 $52,820 $55,200 $205,917 85.2% 98.9% One Hundred Seventh Street Elementary 62 $51,937 $55,200 $202,337 95.5% 99.5% Langdon Avenue Elementary 79 $52,686 $55,200 $198,583 92.6% 98.4% Arlington Heights Elementary 49 $51,168 $55,200 $197,569 67.1% 99.2% Ninety-Third Street Elementary 69 $52,345 $55,200 $196,999 96.1% 99.2% Miller (Loren) Elementary 62 $52,136 $55,200 $189,948 98.0% 99.8% Miramonte Elementary 99 $53,282 $55,200 $189,882 96.8% 99.8% McKinley Avenue Elementary 48 $51,289 $55,200 $185,754 94.9% 99.3% Independence Elementary 52 $51,658 $55,200 $184,210 89.3% 99.1% Average-LAUSD Elementary Schools 78.1% 81.3%

Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools 9 Table 3A (cont.)

School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent poverty Percent minority salary Poverty Quartile Poverty gap One Hundred Eighteenth Street Elem. 43 $50,938 $55,200 $183,262 97.4% 99.6% Weemes (Lenicia B.) Elementary 81 $52,970 $55,200 $180,629 91.7% 99.3% Forty-Second Street Elementary 31 $49,388 $55,200 $180,190 92.3% 99.1% Sixty-First Street Elementary 47 $51,388 $55,200 $179,176 91.8% 99.2% Ranchito Avenue Elementary 33 $49,787 $55,200 $178,641 89.5% 80.4% Camino Nuevo Charter Academy 24 $47,924 $55,200 $174,625 77.9% 98.6% King (Martin Luther, Jr) Elementary 51 $51,776 $55,200 $174,616 94.6% 99.0% Budlong Avenue Elementary 61 $52,405 $55,200 $170,469 89.1% 99.8% Florence Avenue Elementary 62 $52,465 $55,200 $169,603 87.3% 99.9% Sixty-Eighth Street Elementary 61 $52,403 $55,200 $169,236 98.8% 99.4% Twenty-Eighth Street Elementary 100 $53,516 $55,200 $168,402 97.4% 99.7% West Athens Elementary 56 $52,166 $55,200 $168,397 82.4% 99.2% Hughes (Teresa) Elementary 83 $53,175 $55,200 $168,083 91.6% 97.0% Figueroa Street Elementary 45 $51,557 $55,200 $163,934 93.9% 99.2% Ninety-Second Street Elementary 50 $51,973 $55,200 $161,346 92.6% 99.8% Flournoy (Lovelia P.) Elementary 49 $51,934 $55,200 $160,059 91.2% 99.8% Commonwealth Avenue Elementary 45 $51,656 $55,200 $159,485 96.2% 84.1% One Hundred Twelfth Street Elementary 35 $50,692 $55,200 $157,772 99.6% 100.0% Gratts (Evelyn Thurman) Elem. 54 $52,319 $55,200 $155,586 86.8% 99.1% Parthenia Street Elementary 47 $51,921 $55,200 $154,118 92.7% 92.4% Van Nuys Elementary 47 $51,944 $55,200 $153,024 94.6% 96.5% Weigand Avenue Elementary 27 $49,602 $55,200 $151,136 93.4% 99.8% Hillside Elementary 33 $50,640 $55,200 $150,498 95.2% 88.2% Purche Avenue Elementary 36 $51,154 $55,200 $145,674 78.7% 97.4% Ascot Avenue Elementary 72 $53,186 $55,200 $145,042 95.3% 99.9% Esperanza Elementary 55 $52,569 $55,200 $144,721 96.2% 98.5% Nueva Vista Elementary 71 $53,172 $55,200 $143,985 96.4% 97.5% Arminta Street Elementary 50 $52,351 $55,200 $142,440 96.2% 92.7% Average-LAUSD Elementary Schools 78.1% 81.3%

10 Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent poverty Percent minority salary Poverty Quartile Poverty gap Kester Avenue Elementary 44 $51,975 $55,200 $141,924 67.2% 58.0% Wilton Place Elementary 74 $53,299 $55,200 $140,709 72.3% 57.1% Normandie Avenue Elementary 67 $53,142 $55,200 $137,867 95.8% 99.5% Graham Elementary 57 $52,797 $55,200 $136,984 94.2% 99.4% Liggett Street Elementary 67 $53,174 $55,200 $135,743 98.0% 92.7% Garvanza Elementary 35 $51,333 $55,200 $135,343 92.1% 92.3% Allesandro Elementary 35 $51,498 $55,200 $129,583 90.0% 84.3% Pio Pico Elementary 101 $53,942 $55,200 $127,029 92.0% 97.2% Corona Avenue Elementary 100 $53,930 $55,200 $126,964 92.3% 96.0% Primary Academy for Success 26 $50,393 $55,200 $124,982 97.9% 96.5% Carpenter Avenue Elementary 43 $52,265 $55,200 $124,733 10.1% 15.8% Coliseum Street Elementary 23 $49,920 $55,200 $121,447 90.6% 98.5% Menlo Avenue Elementary 65 $53,352 $55,200 $120,149 96.2% 99.4% Toland Way Elementary 30 $51,237 $55,200 $118,893 88.2% 78.2% Canterbury Avenue Elementary 58 $53,187 $55,200 $116,751 80.6% 76.2% Shirley Avenue Elementary 40 $52,283 $55,200 $116,687 77.9% 83.5% Farmdale Elementary 41 $52,320 $55,200 $116,654 92.4% 93.2% Hooper Avenue Elementary 93 $53,953 $55,200 $116,011 98.4% 99.6% Compton Avenue Elementary 27 $50,906 $55,200 $115,926 96.7% 99.6% Westwood Elementary 37 $52,093 $55,200 $114,948 6.8% 16.2% Avalon Gardens Elementary 13 $46,540 $55,200 $112,578 90.9% 98.5% Cienega Elementary 50 $52,961 $55,200 $111,957 91.4% 99.2% Shenandoah Street Elementary 44 $52,657 $55,200 $111,892 94.4% 97.4% Two Hundred Thirty-Second Place Elem. 26 $50,905 $55,200 $111,679 66.5% 58.7% Gates Street Elementary 54 $53,152 $55,200 $110,576 94.2% 80.6% Ambler Avenue Elementary 36 $52,223 $55,200 $107,168 70.8% 97.7% Crescent Heights Boulevard Elementary 23 $50,581 $55,200 $106,231 88.8% 93.0% San Pedro Street Elementary 40 $52,585 $55,200 $104,607 95.6% 99.6% Average-LAUSD Elementary Schools 78.1% 81.3%

Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools 11 Table 3A (cont.)

School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent poverty Percent minority salary Poverty Quartile Poverty gap Sunland Elementary 29 $51,595 $55,200 $104,535 59.7% 44.1% Twentieth Street Elementary 51 $53,193 $55,200 $102,380 86.0% 99.9% Cimarron Avenue Elementary 25 $51,144 $55,200 $101,401 83.8% 98.7% Newcastle Elementary 27 $51,485 $55,200 $100,315 85.1% 83.8% Alexandria Avenue Elementary 93 $54,127 $55,200 $99,805 95.4% 92.2% Ninth Street Elementary 27 $51,563 $55,200 $98,189 96.3% 97.5% Erwin Elementary 54 $53,382 $55,200 $98,177 75.2% 73.1% Lillian Street Elementary 36 $52,479 $55,200 $97,946 98.5% 99.9% Plainview Avenue Elementary 28 $51,708 $55,200 $97,776 78.2% 61.5% Kenter Canyon Elementary (Char) 22 $50,815 $55,200 $94,275 7.1% 17.4% Russell Elementary 68 $53,843 $55,200 $92,286 87.1% 99.3% Haddon Avenue Elementary 60 $53,687 $55,200 $90,789 91.6% 99.4% Bryson Avenue Elementary 65 $53,835 $55,200 $88,705 85.9% 98.8% Fullbright Avenue Elementary 30 $52,260 $55,200 $88,207 88.4% 85.4% Wadsworth Avenue Elementary 82 $54,135 $55,200 $87,311 88.6% 99.8% Queen Anne Place Elementary 29 $52,191 $55,200 $87,250 93.7% 91.7% Coeur D’Alene Avenue Elementary 22 $51,170 $55,200 $86,656 32.8% 43.6% One Hundred Fifty-Third Street Elem. 34 $52,647 $55,200 $85,513 97.2% 91.5% Napa Street Elementary 40 $53,117 $55,200 $83,330 91.9% 95.9% Ford Boulevard Elementary 71 $54,034 $55,200 $82,214 94.6% 99.8% La Salle Avenue Elementary 51 $53,605 $55,200 $81,350 88.9% 99.4% Norwood Street Elementary 55 $53,735 $55,200 $80,586 88.7% 99.3% Annalee Avenue Elementary 26 $52,138 $55,200 $79,616 76.5% 97.0% Catskill Avenue Elementary 43 $53,331 $55,200 $79,449 86.7% 79.6% Burbank Boulevard Elementary 28 $52,395 $55,200 $78,552 87.1% 72.3% Saturn Street Elementary 34 $52,995 $55,200 $74,983 93.9% 98.1% Sheridan Street Elementary 69 $54,118 $55,200 $74,671 98.6% 99.6% Chandler Elementary 32 $52,877 $55,200 $74,329 69.3% 71.3% Average-LAUSD Elementary Schools 78.1% 81.3%

12 Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent poverty Percent minority salary Poverty Quartile Poverty gap Dominguez Elementary 38 $53,253 $55,200 $73,983 89.3% 84.1% Parks/Huerta Primary Center 12 $48,778 $55,200 $73,853 95.8% 98.6% Micheltorena Street Elementary 34 $53,044 $55,200 $73,300 79.7% 91.7% Bridge Street Elementary 26 $52,389 $55,200 $73,082 97.9% 96.4% Baldwin Hills Elementary 35 $53,117 $55,200 $72,916 73.5% 97.6% Gardena Elementary 44 $53,544 $55,200 $72,872 93.2% 93.8% Woodland Hills Elementary 33 $52,996 $55,200 $71,646 3.0% 13.2% Western Avenue Elementary 49 $53,740 $55,200 $71,534 94.8% 99.5% White House Primary Center 16 $50,745 $55,200 $71,289 93.6% 93.6% Brentwood Science 58 $53,986 $55,200 $70,435 65.4% 56.0% Valley View Elementary 13 $49,793 $55,200 $70,293 50.2% 54.1% Bassett Street Elementary 66 $54,135 $55,200 $70,270 94.1% 93.6% Brainard Elementary 21 $51,992 $55,200 $67,360 71.3% 81.4% Belvedere Elementary 64 $54,150 $55,200 $67,173 97.5% 99.7% Holmes Avenue Elementary 24 $52,402 $55,200 $67,153 95.9% 96.6% Arco Iris Primary Center 10 $48,657 $55,200 $65,429 100.0% 100.0% Kittridge Street Elementary 63 $54,163 $55,200 $65,348 89.9% 84.4% Kindergarten Learning Academy 15 $50,858 $55,200 $65,133 95.4% 95.4% Griffith Joyner (Florence) Elementary 52 $53,954 $55,200 $64,796 95.1% 99.6% Westport Heights Elementary 27 $52,806 $55,200 $64,640 53.2% 79.3% Twenty-Fourth Street Elementary 68 $54,256 $55,200 $64,167 90.0% 98.3% Garden Grove Elementary 25 $52,730 $55,200 $61,751 83.5% 78.8% Watts Learning Center (Charter) 10 $49,027 $55,200 $61,735 90.7% 99.6% State Street Elementary 75 $54,381 $55,200 $61,406 88.3% 99.1% Amestoy Elementary 43 $53,761 $55,200 $61,177 84.3% 88.7% Bonita Street Elementary 38 $53,595 $55,200 $60,987 71.0% 57.8% Lassen Elementary 40 $53,680 $55,200 $60,815 78.6% 82.6% Roscoe Elementary 61 $54,195 $55,200 $60,790 89.0% 96.5% Average-LAUSD Elementary Schools 78.1% 81.3%

Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools 13 Table 3A (cont.)

School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent poverty Percent minority salary Poverty Quartile Poverty gap Coughlin (Sara) Elementary 18 $51,828 $55,200 $60,705 95.5% 98.2% Carson Street Elementary 43 $53,793 $55,200 $60,521 71.5% 63.9% Alta Loma Elementary 52 $54,041 $55,200 $60,261 96.7% 98.8% Vine Street Elementary 52 $54,033 $55,200 $60,091 95.1% 95.1% Broadous (Hillery T.) Elementary 54 $54,104 $55,200 $59,195 99.0% 99.1% Cornerstone Prep Charter 11 $49,849 $55,200 $58,867 62.7% 91.7% Saticoy Elementary 38 $53,689 $55,200 $56,658 87.8% 54.1% Wilshire Crest Elementary 36 $53,692 $55,200 $54,298 86.7% 87.2% Towne Avenue Elementary 25 $53,036 $55,200 $54,092 87.1% 85.2% Liberty Boulevard Elementary 67 $54,396 $55,200 $53,895 96.7% 99.2% Nestle Avenue Elementary 27 $53,209 $55,200 $53,756 46.2% 24.0% Valerio Street Elementary 65 $54,386 $55,200 $52,884 96.4% 90.4% Fairburn Avenue Elementary 20 $52,582 $55,200 $52,360 9.4% 15.9% Encino Elementary 27 $53,293 $55,200 $51,503 51.1% 60.7% Plasencia (Betty) Elementary 67 $54,437 $55,200 $50,729 87.1% 87.7% Harrison Street Elementary 56 $54,302 $55,200 $50,317 98.1% 98.3% Reseda Elementary 26 $53,267 $55,200 $50,254 86.1% 83.0% White Point Elementary 26 $53,271 $55,200 $50,148 15.4% 31.7% Cantara Street Elementary 39 $53,926 $55,200 $49,068 85.8% 85.3% Sunrise Elementary 37 $53,885 $55,200 $48,640 96.7% 99.1% Euclid Avenue Elementary 54 $54,311 $55,200 $48,034 92.2% 99.4% Walnut Park Elementary 68 $54,513 $55,200 $46,744 96.7% 99.7% Montague Street Elem. (Char) 68 $54,530 $55,200 $45,241 90.2% 96.7% Tenth Street Elementary 83 $54,656 $55,200 $45,167 97.2% 99.2% Fifty-Fourth Street Elementary 30 $53,707 $55,200 $44,805 86.8% 97.5% Coldwater Canyon Elementary 66 $54,518 $55,200 $44,699 94.3% 86.3% Virginia Road Elementary 32 $53,787 $55,200 $44,512 91.4% 99.7% Fifty-Ninth Street Elementary 23 $53,265 $55,200 $44,497 93.7% 99.8% Average-LAUSD Elementary Schools 78.1% 81.3%

14 Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent poverty Percent minority salary Poverty Quartile Poverty gap Dyer Street Elementary 56 $54,419 $55,200 $43,748 85.8% 96.4% Utah Street Elementary 34 $53,919 $55,200 $43,561 88.3% 99.1% Solano Avenue Elementary 15 $52,290 $55,200 $42,189 91.7% 38.5% Hobart Boulevard Elementary 103 $54,798 $55,200 $41,413 89.0% 81.5% Vernon City Elementary 15 $52,452 $55,200 $41,216 94.3% 99.2% Loyola Village Elementary 33 $53,963 $55,200 $40,825 36.1% 68.9% Sylmar Elementary 50 $54,393 $55,200 $40,378 91.8% 96.4% Stagg Street Elementary 24 $53,529 $55,200 $40,094 70.9% 74.3% Atwater Avenue Elementary 30 $53,868 $55,200 $39,952 83.5% 73.5% Burton Street Elementary 44 $54,331 $55,200 $38,256 94.4% 89.6% Palisades Charter Elementary 21 $53,395 $55,200 $37,904 17.3% 24.7% Gardner Street Elementary 27 $53,833 $55,200 $36,905 76.2% 39.4% Lemay Street Elementary 21 $53,453 $55,200 $36,688 64.4% 84.3% Heliotrope Avenue Elementary 68 $54,678 $55,200 $35,499 96.2% 98.9% Lockwood Avenue Elementary 53 $54,538 $55,200 $35,112 88.1% 88.6% Superior Street Elementary 26 $53,860 $55,200 $34,852 49.6% 48.8% Van Deene Avenue Elementary 27 $53,934 $55,200 $34,193 72.9% 81.0% Anatola Avenue Elementary 29 $54,007 $55,200 $34,011 73.6% 74.2% Lanai Road Elementary 27 $53,938 $55,200 $33,439 23.5% 30.0% Rosemont Avenue Elementary 77 $54,766 $55,200 $33,437 95.8% 86.1% Vermont Avenue Elementary 72 $54,736 $55,200 $33,191 95.0% 99.4% Hammel Street Elementary 55 $54,602 $55,200 $32,869 91.9% 99.1% Dearborn Street Elementary 32 $54,175 $55,200 $32,794 48.0% 56.4% Dolores Street Elementary 39 $54,395 $55,200 $31,379 65.4% 60.6% One Hundred Eight-Sixth St. Elementary 43 $54,495 $55,200 $30,300 87.7% 84.9% One Hundred Sixteenth Street Elementary 29 $54,203 $55,200 $28,923 17.3% 99.2% Del Amo Elementary 27 $54,137 $55,200 $28,697 70.5% 58.4% Lomita Fundamental Center Elementary 56 $54,718 $55,200 $26,739 54.2% 55.8% Accelerated 27 $54,211 $55,200 $26,705 77.9% 97.5% Average-LAUSD Elementary Schools 78.1% 81.3%

Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools 15 Table 3A (cont.)

School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent poverty Percent minority salary Poverty Quartile Poverty gap Ann Street Elementary 15 $53,467 $55,200 $25,989 98.0% 96.1% New Economics for Women (NEW) 4 $49,414 $55,200 $23,146 100.0% 98.3% Academy of Science One Hundred Thirty-Fifth Street Elem. 50 $54,740 $55,200 $23,004 95.0% 95.7% Chapman Elementary 23 $54,220 $55,200 $22,538 78.9% 77.1% Topeka Drive Elementary 31 $54,466 $55,200 $22,379 21.5% 31.9% Valley Community Charter 9 $52,588 $55,200 $22,206 42.2% 63.3% Morningside Elementary 58 $54,824 $55,200 $21,786 89.8% 99.2% Glassell Park Elementary 46 $54,733 $55,200 $21,466 94.7% 94.6% Westminster Avenue Elementary 33 $54,555 $55,200 $21,296 91.2% 93.3% Los Angeles Elementary 60 $54,853 $55,200 $20,645 86.4% 96.2% Loreto Street Elementary 36 $54,639 $55,200 $20,206 93.8% 92.8% Union Avenue Elementary 92 $54,980 $55,200 $20,147 98.7% 96.1% Walgrove Avenue Elementary 23 $54,332 $55,200 $19,966 88.9% 85.5% Wonderland Avenue Elementary 19 $54,157 $55,200 $19,817 8.9% 17.1% Canoga Park Elementary 68 $54,910 $55,200 $19,613 92.1% 91.2% Hubbard Street Elementary 49 $54,804 $55,200 $19,394 85.7% 95.1% Ivanhoe Elementary 20 $54,249 $55,200 $19,015 26.0% 35.6% Canfield Avenue Elementary 23 $54,356 $55,200 $18,999 45.5% 56.5% Third Street Elementary 38 $54,701 $55,200 $18,949 19.4% 19.1% Lorena Street Elementary 45 $54,791 $55,200 $18,430 93.2% 99.2% Beachy Avenue Elementary 36 $54,696 $55,200 $18,153 89.9% 96.5% Puente Charter 6 $52,204 $55,200 $17,978 69.0% 100.0% Malabar Street Elementary 50 $54,851 $55,200 $17,445 97.1% 100.0% Century Park Elementary 41 $54,779 $55,200 $17,048 85.5% 99.6% Gulf Avenue Elementary 73 $54,968 $55,200 $16,934 95.8% 97.3% Eshelman Avenue Elementary 38 $54,760 $55,200 $16,719 79.2% 71.7% Calahan Street Elementary 25 $54,539 $55,200 $16,516 51.4% 51.4% Haynes Elementary 18 $54,290 $55,200 $16,373 28.2% 35.1% Average-LAUSD Elementary Schools 78.1% 81.3%

16 Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent poverty Percent minority salary Poverty Quartile Poverty gap Mt. Washington Elementary 17 $54,263 $55,200 $15,922 36.2% 57.4% Mar Vista Elementary 32 $54,703 $55,200 $15,650 18.8% 28.5% El Sereno Elementary 34 $54,769 $55,200 $14,656 91.6% 94.7% Mayberry Street Elementary 26 $54,644 $55,200 $14,456 92.2% 84.5% Raymond Avenue Elementary 37 $54,820 $55,200 $14,077 98.0% 99.7% Vinedale Elementary 21 $54,547 $55,200 $13,704 90.5% 93.0% Beethoven Street Elementary 20 $54,523 $55,200 $13,532 70.1% 73.7% Soto Street Elementary 23 $54,612 $55,200 $13,527 97.7% 99.5% View Park Preparatory Accelerated Charter 12 $54,076 $55,200 $13,494 22.2% 100.0% Sylvan Park Elementary 61 $54,984 $55,200 $13,196 97.9% 95.7% Blythe Street Elementary 29 $54,755 $55,200 $12,893 86.6% 78.9% Valerio Primary Center 16 $54,418 $55,200 $12,511 87.8% 90.5% Ritter Elementary 21 $54,628 $55,200 $12,017 84.3% 98.6% Grand View Boulevard Elementary 38 $54,897 $55,200 $11,499 82.5% 91.1% Playa del Rey Elementary 14 $54,387 $55,200 $11,378 67.6% 74.0% Cowan Avenue Elementary 27 $54,804 $55,200 $10,703 26.7% 63.0% One Hundred Fifty-Sixth St. Elementary 21 $54,695 $55,200 $10,612 46.6% 63.8% Clover Avenue Elementary 27 $54,816 $55,200 $10,166 30.4% 32.0% Sierra Vista Elementary 17 $54,613 $55,200 $9,983 92.8% 96.6% O’Melveny Elementary 36 $54,919 $55,200 $9,974 90.5% 98.7% Dorris Place Elementary 29 $54,858 $55,200 $9,917 89.9% 76.2% Vena Avenue Elementary 39 $54,953 $55,200 $9,632 79.0% 87.3% Sharp Avenue Elementary 52 $55,032 $55,200 $8,716 93.6% 98.1% Overland Avenue Elementary 29 $54,902 $55,200 $8,652 17.1% 34.9% Roscomare Road Elementary 24 $54,848 $55,200 $8,460 1.4% 8.4% Denker Avenue Elementary 45 $55,036 $55,200 $7,379 70.4% 72.7% Hamasaki (Morris K) Elementary 32 $54,971 $55,200 $7,346 95.8% 98.5% Leapwood Avenue Elementary 23 $54,910 $55,200 $6,663 71.0% 92.6% Harding Street Elementary 38 $55,049 $55,200 $5,754 70.7% 85.8% Average-LAUSD Elementary Schools 78.1% 81.3%

Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools 17 Table 3A (cont.)

School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent poverty Percent minority salary Poverty Quartile Poverty gap Ninety-Eighth Street Elementary 17 $54,906 $55,200 $5,000 93.5% 93.4% Wilmington Park Elementary 57 $55,135 $55,200 $3,706 88.9% 98.4% Leland Street Elementary 33 $55,095 $55,200 $3,483 73.6% 72.5% Academia Semillas del Pueblo 11 $55,006 $55,200 $2,130 88.5% 91.3% Chatsworth Park Elementary 23 $55,132 $55,200 $1,521 37.2% 41.8% Marianna Avenue Elementary 27 $55,169 $55,200 $845 93.5% 99.8% Calabash Street Elementary 19 $55,164 $55,200 $670 17.9% 26.2% Haskell Elementary 30 $55,198 $55,200 $66 65.7% 66.9% Gault Street Elementary 29 $55,230 $55,200 $0 85.9% 83.9% Culture and Language Academy of Success 7 $55,329 $55,200 $0 72.1% 98.8% (CLAS) Kennedy (Robert F.) Elementary 39 $55,231 $55,200 $0 94.2% 99.3% San Fernando Elementary 44 $55,260 $55,200 $0 91.8% 99.2% Monlux (John B.) Elementary 40 $55,269 $55,200 $0 76.6% 51.1% Fair Avenue Elementary 78 $55,238 $55,200 $0 94.6% 94.4% Glen Alta Elementary 17 $55,390 $55,200 $0 89.0% 92.4% Elysian Heights Elementary 22 $55,378 $55,200 $0 90.8% 90.6% San Antonio Elementary 45 $55,289 $55,200 $0 96.9% 99.7% Downtown Value 3 $56,548 $55,200 $0 100.0% 100.0% Bradley (Tom) Environmental Science and 35 $55,324 $55,200 $0 76.2% 98.1% Humanities Strathern Street Elementary 65 $55,271 $55,200 $0 93.8% 86.3% Richard Riordan Primary Center 17 $55,478 $55,200 $0 96.4% 95.1% Topanga Learn-Charter Elementary 15 $55,537 $55,200 $0 7.4% 13.7% Albion Street Elementary 28 $55,417 $55,200 $0 95.7% 75.7% Winnetka Avenue Elementary 32 $55,396 $55,200 $0 82.7% 70.4% Aragon Avenue Elementary 38 $55,366 $55,200 $0 89.8% 96.9% Barton Hill Elementary 41 $55,359 $55,200 $0 96.0% 96.5% Granada Elementary 29 $55,432 $55,200 $0 62.1% 54.4% Riverside Drive Elementary 42 $55,373 $55,200 $0 28.4% 34.7% Average-LAUSD Elementary Schools 78.1% 81.3%

18 Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent poverty Percent minority salary Poverty Quartile Poverty gap El Dorado Avenue Elementary 36 $55,406 $55,200 $0 96.0% 96.4% Loma Vista Elementary 77 $55,314 $55,200 $0 97.9% 99.5% Hamlin Street Elementary 23 $55,602 $55,200 $0 52.2% 59.5% President Avenue Elementary 31 $55,514 $55,200 $0 66.9% 68.9% Sierra Park Elementary 52 $55,392 $55,200 $0 89.8% 95.1% One Hundred Ninth Street Elementary 27 $55,581 $55,200 $0 99.0% 99.4% Herrick Avenue Elementary 43 $55,447 $55,200 $0 88.2% 91.6% Rockdale Elementary 19 $55,771 $55,200 $0 80.6% 70.7% Bright (Birdielee V) Elementary 43 $55,457 $55,200 $0 94.8% 99.6% Windsor Hills Math Sci Elem. 37 $55,499 $55,200 $0 54.8% 98.2% Meyler Street Elementary 55 $55,405 $55,200 $0 82.2% 84.9% Grant Elementary 68 $55,372 $55,200 $0 86.9% 73.9% Canyon Elementary (Char) 17 $55,922 $55,200 $0 5.7% 22.6% Melvin Avenue Elementary 36 $55,543 $55,200 $0 71.3% 67.2% Glenwood Elementary 36 $55,596 $55,200 $0 92.7% 90.6% Manhattan Place Elementary 35 $55,631 $55,200 $0 91.7% 100.0% Rio Vista Elementary 24 $55,827 $55,200 $0 75.1% 71.1% Taper Avenue Elementary 38 $55,623 $55,200 $0 36.5% 63.1% San Pascual Avenue Elementary 20 $56,026 $55,200 $0 82.8% 87.5% Brockton Avenue Elementary 19 $56,104 $55,200 $0 80.5% 84.2% Paseo del Rey Fundamental 23 $55,965 $55,200 $0 47.5% 67.9% Van Gogh Street Elementary 24 $55,974 $55,200 $0 23.2% 34.8% Latona Avenue Elementary 24 $56,025 $55,200 $0 92.8% 88.6% Franklin Avenue Elementary 23 $56,062 $55,200 $0 49.6% 42.4% Melrose Avenue Elementary 16 $56,530 $55,200 $0 81.1% 78.1% Clifford Street Elementary 12 $56,979 $55,200 $0 85.9% 78.7% West Hollywood Elementary 17 $56,461 $55,200 $0 90.7% 78.4% Fernangeles Elementary 60 $55,577 $55,200 $0 94.9% 95.3% Lafayette Park Primary Center 15 $56,770 $55,200 $0 91.5% 80.1% Average-LAUSD Elementary Schools 78.1% 81.3%

Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools 19 Table 3A (cont.)

School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent poverty Percent minority salary Poverty Quartile Poverty gap Lane (Robert Hill) Elementary 27 $56,059 $55,200 $0 86.8% 95.0% Andasol Avenue Elementary 28 $56,031 $55,200 $0 28.4% 37.5% Ramona Elementary 67 $55,564 $55,200 $0 97.0% 81.1% Toluca Lake Elementary 34 $55,928 $55,200 $0 86.1% 83.8% Bushnell Way Elementary 33 $55,990 $55,200 $0 94.4% 95.0% Castlebay Lane Elementary 39 $55,881 $55,200 $0 6.5% 13.0% Tarzana Elementary 28 $56,178 $55,200 $0 75.6% 58.3% Mountain View Elementary 23 $56,408 $55,200 $0 61.1% 41.5% Seventh Street Elementary 26 $56,292 $55,200 $0 50.4% 65.4% Darby Avenue Elementary 28 $56,224 $55,200 $0 47.7% 40.2% Richland Avenue Elementary 22 $56,508 $55,200 $0 84.2% 83.9% First Street Elementary 41 $55,909 $55,200 $0 88.7% 99.6% Harbor City Elementary 39 $55,947 $55,200 $0 95.2% 93.9% Monte Vista Street Elementary 33 $56,098 $55,200 $0 95.8% 94.1% Oxnard Street Elementary 58 $55,711 $55,200 $0 93.2% 93.9% Marquez Avenue Elementary (Char) 36 $56,033 $55,200 $0 10.1% 15.5% Woodlake Avenue Elementary 28 $56,272 $55,200 $0 16.5% 24.4% Cohasset Street Elementary 43 $55,899 $55,200 $0 90.8% 90.5% Bell #3 Span 17 $57,012 $55,200 $0 94.6% 99.4% Nevin Avenue Elementary 35 $56,094 $55,200 $0 98.7% 99.9% Broadway Elementary 19 $56,879 $55,200 $0 88.3% 96.0% Castle Heights Elementary 32 $56,202 $55,200 $0 32.2% 67.7% Stanford Avenue Elementary 69 $55,672 $55,200 $0 95.9% 99.5% Bertrand Avenue Elementary 24 $56,597 $55,200 $0 89.9% 86.5% Santa Monica Boulevard Community 66 $55,709 $55,200 $0 93.8% 91.4% Charter Carthay Center Elementary 23 $56,687 $55,200 $0 73.1% 84.8% Stoner Avenue Elementary 34 $56,234 $55,200 $0 92.3% 96.8% Pinewood Avenue Elementary 38 $56,121 $55,200 $0 93.2% 70.8% Average-LAUSD Elementary Schools 78.1% 81.3%

20 Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent poverty Percent minority salary Poverty Quartile Poverty gap Stonehurst Avenue Elementary 22 $56,837 $55,200 $0 76.1% 64.3% Fifteenth Street Elementary 38 $56,149 $55,200 $0 90.0% 93.5% Point Fermin Elementary 18 $57,222 $55,200 $0 57.0% 53.4% Welby Way Elementary 38 $56,159 $55,200 $0 14.1% 19.9% Multnomah Street Elementary 37 $56,206 $55,200 $0 82.7% 86.2% Glenfeliz Boulevard Elementary 29 $56,497 $55,200 $0 87.1% 78.4% Cheremoya Avenue Elementary 24 $56,750 $55,200 $0 88.9% 64.0% Rosewood Avenue Elementary 30 $56,452 $55,200 $0 52.9% 50.2% Mayall Street Elementary 29 $56,515 $55,200 $0 64.4% 58.6% Short Avenue Elementary 20 $57,133 $55,200 $0 73.5% 81.4% Dahlia Heights Elementary 21 $57,068 $55,200 $0 44.9% 59.3% Osceola Street Elementary 27 $56,660 $55,200 $0 92.1% 94.3% Humphreys Avenue Elementary 53 $55,956 $55,200 $0 91.9% 99.7% Cabrillo Avenue Elementary 31 $56,512 $55,200 $0 93.3% 89.4% Emelita Street Elementary 26 $56,801 $55,200 $0 58.1% 52.3% Lockhurst Drive Elementary 29 $56,635 $55,200 $0 21.7% 28.8% Sterry (Nora) Elementary 19 $57,417 $55,200 $0 83.1% 86.3% Dixie Canyon Avenue Elementary 34 $56,474 $55,200 $0 21.3% 33.2% Sixth Avenue Elementary 55 $55,985 $55,200 $0 92.3% 98.4% Sunny Brae Avenue Elementary 49 $56,082 $55,200 $0 83.7% 88.0% Dayton Heights Elementary 52 $56,032 $55,200 $0 93.6% 87.2% Community Magnet 20 $57,366 $55,200 $0 31.6% 33.0% Beckford Avenue Elementary 31 $56,628 $55,200 $0 17.9% 29.2% Tulsa Street Elementary 32 $56,568 $55,200 $0 68.9% 64.2% Germain Street Elementary 39 $56,365 $55,200 $0 31.2% 38.5% Hart Street Elementary 53 $56,068 $55,200 $0 94.6% 92.9% Halldale Elementary 37 $56,437 $55,200 $0 69.1% 78.2% Breed Street Elementary 40 $56,371 $55,200 $0 97.8% 99.3% Average-LAUSD Elementary Schools 78.1% 81.3%

Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools 21 Table 3A (cont.)

School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent poverty Percent minority salary Poverty Quartile Poverty gap City Terrace Elementary 28 $56,854 $55,200 $0 96.5% 96.1% Laurel Elementary 24 $57,139 $55,200 $0 88.1% 52.3% Park Avenue Elementary 53 $56,095 $55,200 $0 90.3% 98.0% Fenton Avenue Elementary (Char) 72 $55,859 $55,200 $0 90.7% 96.1% Brooklyn Avenue Elementary 38 $56,484 $55,200 $0 97.5% 99.9% Palms Elementary 29 $56,931 $55,200 $0 71.4% 79.8% Gridley Street Elementary 53 $56,172 $55,200 $0 90.5% 98.0% Politi (Leo) Elementary 56 $56,129 $55,200 $0 97.0% 95.4% Annandale Elementary 19 $58,027 $55,200 $0 90.2% 91.8% Delevan Drive Elementary 27 $57,194 $55,200 $0 69.0% 56.7% Warner Avenue Elementary 32 $56,891 $55,200 $0 4.4% 9.2% Victoria Avenue Elementary 75 $55,935 $55,200 $0 94.6% 99.2% Capistrano Avenue Elementary 25 $57,412 $55,200 $0 60.3% 62.9% El Oro Way Elementary 25 $57,467 $55,200 $0 46.3% 44.7% Hancock Park Elementary 37 $56,767 $55,200 $0 16.6% 25.7% Camellia Avenue Elementary 68 $56,060 $55,200 $0 94.0% 97.9% Van Ness Avenue Elementary 24 $57,658 $55,200 $0 89.4% 77.7% Hyde Park Blvd. Elementary 49 $56,408 $55,200 $0 97.9% 99.2% Griffin Avenue Elementary 36 $56,899 $55,200 $0 53.3% 75.2% Colfax Avenue Elementary 25 $57,767 $55,200 $0 50.5% 52.5% Vanalden Avenue Elementary 28 $57,493 $55,200 $0 76.8% 69.2% Lankershim Elementary 44 $56,676 $55,200 $0 93.6% 93.1% San Gabriel Avenue Elementary 53 $56,425 $55,200 $0 93.8% 99.4% Kentwood Elementary 20 $58,537 $55,200 $0 38.5% 63.3% Park Western Place Elementary 33 $57,224 $55,200 $0 53.2% 57.9% Broadacres Avenue Elementary 25 $57,962 $55,200 $0 67.3% 98.1% Dena (Christopher) Elementary 49 $56,585 $55,200 $0 96.7% 99.5% Hazeltine Avenue Elementary 66 $56,259 $55,200 $0 86.7% 90.5% Average-LAUSD Elementary Schools 78.1% 81.3%

22 Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent poverty Percent minority salary Poverty Quartile Poverty gap South Shores/CSUDH Visual & Performing 23 $58,250 $55,200 $0 47.3% 55.0% Arts Caroldale Avenue Elementary 52 $56,558 $55,200 $0 58.7% 52.6% Wilbur Avenue Elementary 34 $57,280 $55,200 $0 7.4% 14.5% Fries Avenue Elementary 62 $56,343 $55,200 $0 96.0% 99.0% Lorne Street Elementary 34 $57,355 $55,200 $0 50.4% 53.0% Rowan Avenue Elementary 70 $56,260 $55,200 $0 91.6% 99.9% Victory Boulevard Elementary 75 $56,216 $55,200 $0 95.2% 93.3% Serrania Avenue Elementary 38 $57,334 $55,200 $0 17.9% 27.9% Knollwood Elementary 28 $58,111 $55,200 $0 52.2% 53.8% Limerick Avenue Elementary 54 $56,819 $55,200 $0 80.2% 80.9% Evergreen Avenue Elementary 54 $56,823 $55,200 $0 96.9% 99.5% Justice Street Elementary 24 $58,846 $55,200 $0 21.8% 23.4% Calvert Street Elementary 26 $58,651 $55,200 $0 44.5% 47.1% Open Charter Magnet 17 $60,573 $55,200 $0 22.2% 41.2% Broad Avenue Elementary 58 $56,779 $55,200 $0 85.8% 88.4% Montara Avenue Elementary 53 $56,985 $55,200 $0 94.2% 99.1% Bandini Street Elementary 23 $59,445 $55,200 $0 85.6% 91.2% Danube Avenue Elementary 25 $59,118 $55,200 $0 61.2% 73.9% Fishburn Avenue Elementary 56 $56,985 $55,200 $0 87.9% 99.0% Woodlawn Avenue Elementary 63 $56,795 $55,200 $0 84.9% 98.7% Bellevue Primary 14 $62,419 $55,200 $0 97.4% 90.3% Nevada Avenue Elementary 36 $58,015 $55,200 $0 89.7% 79.4% Huntington Drive Elementary 36 $58,038 $55,200 $0 88.9% 96.0% Los Feliz Elementary 34 $58,214 $55,200 $0 90.7% 53.1% Murchison Street Elementary 42 $57,676 $55,200 $0 93.1% 99.2% Sherman Oaks Elementary 42 $57,692 $55,200 $0 25.3% 35.6% Crestwood Street Elementary 27 $59,077 $55,200 $0 33.8% 56.6% Fletcher Drive Elementary 49 $57,362 $55,200 $0 97.4% 95.8% Average-LAUSD Elementary Schools 78.1% 81.3%

Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools 23 Table 3A (cont.)

School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent poverty Percent minority salary Poverty Quartile Poverty gap Selma Avenue Elementary 35 $58,228 $55,200 $0 90.9% 91.6% Braddock Drive Elementary 35 $58,277 $55,200 $0 89.7% 90.2% Apperson Street Elementary 26 $59,355 $55,200 $0 54.9% 37.5% Logan Street Elementary 62 $56,962 $55,200 $0 95.7% 90.0% Telfair Avenue Elementary 61 $56,995 $55,200 $0 91.5% 99.7% Gledhill Street Elementary 41 $57,871 $55,200 $0 80.0% 75.9% Charnock Road Elementary 26 $59,503 $55,200 $0 73.1% 73.2% Chase Street Elementary 47 $57,570 $55,200 $0 79.9% 87.1% Yorkdale Elementary 32 $58,805 $55,200 $0 93.0% 92.3% Hawaiian Avenue Elementary 63 $57,038 $55,200 $0 98.4% 98.7% Eastman Avenue Elementary 72 $56,823 $55,200 $0 97.7% 99.5% Eagle Rock Elementary 52 $57,505 $55,200 $0 52.7% 55.2% Pomelo Drive Elementary 39 $58,489 $55,200 $0 7.9% 15.9% Second Street Elementary 38 $58,675 $55,200 $0 95.0% 98.5% San Jose Street Elementary 36 $59,317 $55,200 $0 69.9% 80.5% Buchanan Street Elementary 38 $59,104 $55,200 $0 90.5% 89.1% Fourth Street Elementary 53 $58,016 $55,200 $0 91.6% 99.3% Tweedy Elementary 37 $59,415 $55,200 $0 93.3% 98.8% Normont Elementary 31 $60,597 $55,200 $0 91.2% 94.1% Angeles Mesa Elementary 38 $59,654 $55,200 $0 89.7% 99.7% Castelar Street Elementary 38 $60,803 $55,200 $0 95.6% 24.8% San Miguel Elementary 70 $58,899 $55,200 $0 92.3% 99.1% Balboa Gifted/High Ability Magnet 28 $64,935 $55,200 $0 25.8% 23.7% Elementary Average-LAUSD Elementary Schools 78.1% 81.3%

As Table 3A shows, the majority of LAUSD’s elementary schools gaps on the high-poverty elementary schools is significant—their budgets (60 percent) have a hidden teacher-spending gap when we are “shorted” by as much as $440,000 every year. The average teacher compare each school’s spending on teachers to the spending in salaries at some high-poverty elementary schools are up to $20,000 less schools serving the fewest low-income kids. The impact of these than elementary schools serving more affluent students.

24 Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools Table 3B: Elementary School Minority Gaps

School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent minority Percent poverty salary Minority quartile Minority gap West Vernon Avenue Elementary 72 $49,076 $55,338 $450,805 99.7% 98.2% Forty-Ninth Street Elementary 86 $50,119 $55,338 $448,804 100.0% 96.6% South Park Elementary 57 $47,854 $55,338 $426,545 99.6% 96.9% Miles Avenue Elementary 130 $52,164 $55,338 $412,524 99.3% 93.6% Woodcrest Elementary 72 $49,847 $55,338 $395,327 99.0% 89.4% Seventy-Fifth Street Elementary 87 $50,908 $55,338 $385,355 99.9% 97.3% Parmelee Avenue Elementary 76 $50,272 $55,338 $382,469 99.9% 85.3% Middleton Street Elementary 103 $51,636 $55,338 $381,273 99.6% 90.1% Sixty-Sixth Street Elementary 67 $49,654 $55,338 $380,807 99.9% 94.3% Barrett (Charles W.) Elementary 63 $49,307 $55,338 $379,957 99.2% 96.4% Vaughn Next Century Learning Center 69 $50,171 $55,338 $356,467 99.4% 100.0% Ninety-Ninth Street Elementary 35 $45,464 $55,338 $345,578 99.8% 96.6% Main Street Elementary 81 $51,191 $55,338 $335,859 99.1% 98.0% Pacoima Charter Elementary 68 $50,566 $55,338 $324,453 99.2% 94.9% Fifty-Second Street Elementary 63 $50,335 $55,338 $315,171 99.8% 86.6% Hoover Street Elementary 104 $52,554 $55,338 $289,459 95.5% 97.5% Cahuenga Elementary 67 $51,138 $55,338 $281,398 68.1% 92.2% One Hundred Twenty-Second Street Elem. 46 $49,449 $55,338 $270,885 99.8% 94.0% Manchester Avenue Elementary 76 $51,814 $55,338 $267,816 99.4% 98.5% Plummer Elementary 87 $52,262 $55,338 $266,033 94.8% 89.2% Aldama Elementary 41 $48,948 $55,338 $261,983 98.2% 97.5% Ninety-Sixth Street Elementary 52 $50,700 $55,338 $241,152 99.5% 87.9% Hillcrest Drive Elementary 63 $51,518 $55,338 $240,651 98.9% 93.7% Ninety-Fifth Street Elementary 66 $51,695 $55,338 $240,391 98.9% 96.3% Grape Street Elementary 37 $48,856 $55,338 $239,836 99.6% 93.5% Noble Avenue Elementary 87 $52,592 $55,338 $238,838 94.4% 90.5% Average-LAUSD Elementary Schools 81.3% 78.1%

Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools 25 Table 3B (cont.)

School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent minority Percent poverty salary Minority quartile Minority gap Marvin Elementary 56 $51,166 $55,338 $233,596 98.2% 94.4% Trinity Street Elementary 87 $52,639 $55,338 $233,430 99.9% 95.8% Columbus Avenue Elementary 35 $48,798 $55,338 $228,900 88.8% 91.9% Magnolia Avenue Elementary 87 $52,820 $55,338 $217,821 98.9% 85.2% Seventy-Fourth Street Elementary 47 $50,708 $55,338 $217,580 98.8% 85.8% One Hundred Seventh Street Elementary 62 $51,937 $55,338 $210,869 99.5% 95.5% Langdon Avenue Elementary 79 $52,686 $55,338 $209,454 98.4% 92.6% Ninety-Third Street Elementary 69 $52,345 $55,338 $206,494 99.2% 96.1% Arlington Heights Elementary 49 $51,168 $55,338 $204,312 99.2% 67.1% Miramonte Elementary 99 $53,282 $55,338 $203,505 99.8% 96.8% Miller (Loren) Elementary 62 $52,136 $55,338 $198,480 99.8% 98.0% McKinley Avenue Elementary 48 $51,289 $55,338 $192,290 99.3% 94.9% Weemes (Lenicia B.) Elementary 81 $52,970 $55,338 $191,776 99.3% 91.7% Independence Elementary 52 $51,658 $55,338 $191,366 99.1% 89.3% One Hundred Eighteenth Street Elem. 43 $50,938 $55,338 $189,179 99.6% 97.4% Sixty-First Street Elementary 47 $51,388 $55,338 $185,643 99.2% 91.8% Forty-Second Street Elementary 31 $49,388 $55,338 $184,455 99.1% 92.3% Ranchito Avenue Elementary 33 $49,787 $55,338 $183,182 80.4% 89.5% Twenty-Eighth Street Elementary 100 $53,516 $55,338 $182,163 99.7% 97.4% King (Martin Luther, Jr) Elementary 51 $51,776 $55,338 $181,634 99.0% 94.6% Hughes (Teresa) Elementary 83 $53,175 $55,338 $179,505 97.0% 91.6% Budlong Avenue Elementary 61 $52,405 $55,338 $178,864 99.8% 89.1% Florence Avenue Elementary 62 $52,465 $55,338 $178,135 99.9% 87.3% Camino Nuevo Charter Academy 24 $47,924 $55,338 $177,928 98.6% 77.9% Sixty-Eighth Street Elementary 61 $52,403 $55,338 $177,561 99.4% 98.8% West Athens Elementary 56 $52,166 $55,338 $176,034 99.2% 82.4% Figueroa Street Elementary 45 $51,557 $55,338 $170,126 99.2% 93.9% Ninety-Second Street Elementary 50 $51,973 $55,338 $168,226 99.8% 92.6% Average-LAUSD Elementary Schools 81.3% 78.1%

26 Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent minority Percent poverty salary Minority quartile Minority gap Flournoy (Lovelia P.) Elementary 49 $51,934 $55,338 $166,802 99.8% 91.2% Commonwealth Avenue Elementary 45 $51,656 $55,338 $165,677 84.1% 96.2% Gratts (Evelyn Thurman) Elem. 54 $52,319 $55,338 $163,017 99.1% 86.8% One Hundred Twelfth Street Elementary 35 $50,692 $55,338 $162,588 100.0% 99.6% Parthenia Street Elementary 47 $51,921 $55,338 $160,585 92.4% 92.7% Van Nuys Elementary 47 $51,944 $55,338 $159,491 96.5% 94.6% Hillside Elementary 33 $50,640 $55,338 $155,039 88.2% 95.2% Ascot Avenue Elementary 72 $53,186 $55,338 $154,950 99.9% 95.3% Weigand Avenue Elementary 27 $49,602 $55,338 $154,852 99.8% 93.4% Nueva Vista Elementary 71 $53,172 $55,338 $153,755 97.5% 96.4% Esperanza Elementary 55 $52,569 $55,338 $152,289 98.5% 96.2% Wilton Place Elementary 74 $53,299 $55,338 $150,892 57.1% 72.3% Purche Avenue Elementary 36 $51,154 $55,338 $150,628 97.4% 78.7% Arminta Street Elementary 50 $52,351 $55,338 $149,320 92.7% 96.2% Kester Avenue Elementary 44 $51,975 $55,338 $147,979 58.0% 67.2% Normandie Avenue Elementary 67 $53,142 $55,338 $147,087 99.5% 95.8% Liggett Street Elementary 67 $53,174 $55,338 $144,963 92.7% 98.0% Graham Elementary 57 $52,797 $55,338 $144,828 99.4% 94.2% Pio Pico Elementary 101 $53,942 $55,338 $140,927 97.2% 92.0% Corona Avenue Elementary 100 $53,930 $55,338 $140,725 96.0% 92.3% Garvanza Elementary 35 $51,333 $55,338 $140,159 92.3% 92.1% Allesandro Elementary 35 $51,498 $55,338 $134,399 84.3% 90.0% Carpenter Avenue Elementary 43 $52,265 $55,338 $130,581 15.8% 10.1% Menlo Avenue Elementary 65 $53,352 $55,338 $129,094 99.4% 96.2% Hooper Avenue Elementary 93 $53,953 $55,338 $128,809 99.6% 98.4% Primary Academy for Success 26 $50,393 $55,338 $128,560 96.5% 97.9% Canterbury Avenue Elementary 58 $53,187 $55,338 $124,732 76.2% 80.6% Coliseum Street Elementary 23 $49,920 $55,338 $124,612 98.5% 90.6% Average-LAUSD Elementary Schools 81.3% 78.1%

Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools 27 Table 3B (cont.)

School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent minority Percent poverty salary Minority quartile Minority gap Toland Way Elementary 30 $51,237 $55,338 $123,021 78.2% 88.2% Farmdale Elementary 41 $52,320 $55,338 $122,227 93.2% 92.4% Shirley Avenue Elementary 40 $52,283 $55,338 $122,191 83.5% 77.9% Westwood Elementary 37 $52,093 $55,338 $120,040 16.2% 6.8% Compton Avenue Elementary 27 $50,906 $55,338 $119,642 99.6% 96.7% Cienega Elementary 50 $52,961 $55,338 $118,837 99.2% 91.4% Gates Street Elementary 54 $53,152 $55,338 $118,007 80.6% 94.2% Shenandoah Street Elementary 44 $52,657 $55,338 $117,947 97.4% 94.4% Two Hundred Thirty-Second Place Elem. 26 $50,905 $55,338 $115,257 58.7% 66.5% Avalon Gardens Elementary 13 $46,540 $55,338 $114,367 98.5% 90.9% Alexandria Avenue Elementary 93 $54,127 $55,338 $112,603 92.2% 95.4% Ambler Avenue Elementary 36 $52,223 $55,338 $112,122 97.7% 70.8% San Pedro Street Elementary 40 $52,585 $55,338 $110,111 99.6% 95.6% Twentieth Street Elementary 51 $53,193 $55,338 $109,398 99.9% 86.0% Crescent Heights Boulevard Elementary 23 $50,581 $55,338 $109,396 93.0% 88.8% Sunland Elementary 29 $51,595 $55,338 $108,526 44.1% 59.7% Erwin Elementary 54 $53,382 $55,338 $105,608 73.1% 75.2% Cimarron Avenue Elementary 25 $51,144 $55,338 $104,842 98.7% 83.8% Newcastle Elementary 27 $51,485 $55,338 $104,031 83.8% 85.1% Lillian Street Elementary 36 $52,479 $55,338 $102,900 99.9% 98.5% Ninth Street Elementary 27 $51,563 $55,338 $101,905 97.5% 96.3% Russell Elementary 68 $53,843 $55,338 $101,644 99.3% 87.1% Plainview Avenue Elementary 28 $51,708 $55,338 $101,630 61.5% 78.2% Haddon Avenue Elementary 60 $53,687 $55,338 $99,046 99.4% 91.6% Wadsworth Avenue Elementary 82 $54,135 $55,338 $98,595 99.8% 88.6% Bryson Avenue Elementary 65 $53,835 $55,338 $97,649 98.8% 85.9% Kenter Canyon Elementary (Char) 22 $50,815 $55,338 $97,234 17.4% 7.1% Fullbright Avenue Elementary 30 $52,260 $55,338 $92,335 85.4% 88.4% Average-LAUSD Elementary Schools 81.3% 78.1%

28 Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent minority Percent poverty salary Minority quartile Minority gap Ford Boulevard Elementary 71 $54,034 $55,338 $91,916 99.8% 94.6% Queen Anne Place Elementary 29 $52,191 $55,338 $91,241 91.7% 93.7% One Hundred Fifty-Third Street 34 $52,647 $55,338 $90,123 91.5% 97.2% Coeur D’Alene Avenue Elementary 22 $51,170 $55,338 $89,615 43.6% 32.8% Napa Street Elementary 40 $53,117 $55,338 $88,834 95.9% 91.9% La Salle Avenue Elementary 51 $53,605 $55,338 $88,368 99.4% 88.9% Norwood Street Elementary 55 $53,735 $55,338 $88,154 99.3% 88.7% Catskill Avenue Elementary 43 $53,331 $55,338 $85,297 79.6% 86.7% Sheridan Street Elementary 69 $54,118 $55,338 $84,166 99.6% 98.6% Annalee Avenue Elementary 26 $52,138 $55,338 $83,194 97.0% 76.5% Burbank Boulevard Elementary 28 $52,395 $55,338 $82,405 72.3% 87.1% Saturn Street Elementary 34 $52,995 $55,338 $79,661 98.1% 93.9% Bassett Street Elementary 66 $54,135 $55,338 $79,352 93.6% 94.1% Dominguez Elementary 38 $53,253 $55,338 $79,212 84.1% 89.3% Gardena Elementary 44 $53,544 $55,338 $78,927 93.8% 93.2% Chandler Elementary 32 $52,877 $55,338 $78,732 71.3% 69.3% Brentwood Science 58 $53,986 $55,338 $78,416 56.0% 65.4% Western Avenue Elementary 49 $53,740 $55,338 $78,277 99.5% 94.8% Micheltorena Street Elementary 34 $53,044 $55,338 $77,978 91.7% 79.7% Baldwin Hills Elementary 35 $53,117 $55,338 $77,732 97.6% 73.5% Bridge Street Elementary 26 $52,389 $55,338 $76,660 96.4% 97.9% Woodland Hills Elementary 33 $52,996 $55,338 $76,118 13.2% 3.0% Belvedere Elementary 64 $54,150 $55,338 $75,980 99.7% 97.5% Parks/Huerta Primary Center 12 $48,778 $55,338 $75,436 98.6% 95.8% Kittridge Street Elementary 63 $54,163 $55,338 $74,017 84.4% 89.9% Twenty-Fourth Street Elementary 68 $54,256 $55,338 $73,525 98.3% 90.0% White House Primary Center 16 $50,745 $55,338 $73,491 93.6% 93.6% Valley View Elementary 13 $49,793 $55,338 $72,082 54.1% 50.2% Average-LAUSD Elementary Schools 81.3% 78.1%

Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools 29 Table 3B (cont.)

School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent minority Percent poverty salary Minority quartile Minority gap Griffith Joyner (Florence) Elementary 52 $53,954 $55,338 $71,952 99.6% 95.1% State Street Elementary 75 $54,381 $55,338 $71,727 99.1% 88.3% Holmes Avenue Elementary 24 $52,402 $55,338 $70,456 96.6% 95.9% Brainard Elementary 21 $51,992 $55,338 $70,250 81.4% 71.3% Roscoe Elementary 61 $54,195 $55,338 $69,115 96.5% 89.0% Westport Heights Elementary 27 $52,806 $55,338 $68,356 79.3% 53.2% Alta Loma Elementary 52 $54,041 $55,338 $67,417 98.8% 96.7% Kindergarten Learning Academy 15 $50,858 $55,338 $67,197 95.4% 95.4% Vine Street Elementary 52 $54,033 $55,338 $67,178 95.1% 95.1% Amestoy Elementary 43 $53,761 $55,338 $67,025 88.7% 84.3% Arco Iris Primary Center 10 $48,657 $55,338 $66,805 100.0% 100.0% Broadous (Hillery T.) Elementary 54 $54,104 $55,338 $66,626 99.1% 99.0% Carson Street Elementary 43 $53,793 $55,338 $66,438 63.9% 71.5% Lassen Elementary 40 $53,680 $55,338 $66,320 82.6% 78.6% Bonita Street Elementary 38 $53,595 $55,338 $66,216 57.8% 71.0% Garden Grove Elementary 25 $52,730 $55,338 $65,192 78.8% 83.5% Coughlin (Sara) Elementary 18 $51,828 $55,338 $63,182 98.2% 95.5% Liberty Boulevard Elementary 67 $54,396 $55,338 $63,115 99.2% 96.7% Watts Learning Center (Charter) 10 $49,027 $55,338 $63,111 99.6% 90.7% Valerio Street Elementary 65 $54,386 $55,338 $61,829 90.4% 96.4% Saticoy Elementary 38 $53,689 $55,338 $61,818 54.1% 87.8% Cornerstone Prep Charter 11 $49,849 $55,338 $60,381 91.7% 62.7% Plasencia (Betty) Elementary 67 $54,437 $55,338 $59,880 87.7% 87.1% Wilshire Crest Elementary 36 $53,692 $55,338 $59,252 87.2% 86.7% Harrison Street Elementary 56 $54,302 $55,338 $58,023 98.3% 98.1% Towne Avenue Elementary 25 $53,036 $55,338 $57,533 85.2% 87.1% Nestle Avenue Elementary 27 $53,209 $55,338 $57,472 24.0% 46.2% Tenth Street Elementary 83 $54,656 $55,338 $56,589 99.2% 97.2% Average-LAUSD Elementary Schools 81.3% 78.1%

30 Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent minority Percent poverty salary Minority quartile Minority gap Walnut Park Elementary 68 $54,513 $55,338 $56,102 99.7% 96.7% Hobart Boulevard Elementary 103 $54,798 $55,338 $55,586 81.5% 89.0% Euclid Avenue Elementary 54 $54,311 $55,338 $55,465 99.4% 92.2% Encino Elementary 27 $53,293 $55,338 $55,219 60.7% 51.1% Fairburn Avenue Elementary 20 $52,582 $55,338 $55,113 15.9% 9.4% Montague Street Elem. (Char) 68 $54,530 $55,338 $54,530 96.7% 90.2% Cantara Street Elementary 39 $53,926 $55,338 $54,366 85.3% 85.8% Reseda Elementary 26 $53,267 $55,338 $53,832 83.0% 86.1% Sunrise Elementary 37 $53,885 $55,338 $53,731 99.1% 96.7% White Point Elementary 26 $53,271 $55,338 $53,726 31.7% 15.4% Coldwater Canyon Elementary 66 $54,518 $55,338 $53,713 86.3% 94.3% Dyer Street Elementary 56 $54,419 $55,338 $51,454 96.4% 85.8% Fifty-Fourth Street Elementary 30 $53,707 $55,338 $48,933 97.5% 86.8% Virginia Road Elementary 32 $53,787 $55,338 $48,846 99.7% 91.4% Utah Street Elementary 34 $53,919 $55,338 $48,239 99.1% 88.3% Fifty-Ninth Street Elementary 23 $53,265 $55,338 $47,662 99.8% 93.7% Sylmar Elementary 50 $54,393 $55,338 $47,258 96.4% 91.8% Loyola Village Elementary 33 $53,963 $55,338 $45,366 68.9% 36.1% Heliotrope Avenue Elementary 68 $54,678 $55,338 $44,857 98.9% 96.2% Burton Street Elementary 44 $54,331 $55,338 $44,311 89.6% 94.4% Solano Avenue Elementary 15 $52,290 $55,338 $44,185 38.5% 91.7% Atwater Avenue Elementary 30 $53,868 $55,338 $44,080 73.5% 83.5% Rosemont Avenue Elementary 77 $54,766 $55,338 $44,033 86.1% 95.8% Stagg Street Elementary 24 $53,529 $55,338 $43,397 74.3% 70.9% Vernon City Elementary 15 $52,452 $55,338 $43,280 99.2% 94.3% Vermont Avenue Elementary 72 $54,736 $55,338 $43,030 99.4% 95.0% Lockwood Avenue Elementary 53 $54,538 $55,338 $42,405 88.6% 88.1% Palisades Charter Elementary 21 $53,395 $55,338 $40,794 24.7% 17.3% Average-LAUSD Elementary Schools 81.3% 78.1%

Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools 31 Table 3B (cont.)

School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent minority Percent poverty salary Minority quartile Minority gap Gardner Street Elementary 27 $53,833 $55,338 $40,621 39.4% 76.2% Hammel Street Elementary 55 $54,602 $55,338 $40,437 99.1% 91.9% Lemay Street Elementary 21 $53,453 $55,338 $39,578 84.3% 64.4% Superior Street Elementary 26 $53,860 $55,338 $38,430 48.8% 49.6% Anatola Avenue Elementary 29 $54,007 $55,338 $37,933 74.2% 73.6% Van Deene Avenue Elementary 27 $53,934 $55,338 $37,909 81.0% 72.9% Dearborn Street Elementary 32 $54,175 $55,338 $37,197 56.4% 48.0% Lanai Road Elementary 27 $53,938 $55,338 $37,086 30.0% 23.5% Dolores Street Elementary 39 $54,395 $55,338 $36,745 60.6% 65.4% One Hundred Eight-Sixth St. Elementary 43 $54,495 $55,338 $36,217 84.9% 87.7% Lomita Fundamental Center Elementary 56 $54,718 $55,338 $34,376 55.8% 54.2% One Hundred Sixteenth Street Elementary 29 $54,203 $55,338 $32,914 99.2% 17.3% Union Avenue Elementary 92 $54,980 $55,338 $32,738 96.1% 98.7% Del Amo Elementary 27 $54,137 $55,338 $32,413 58.4% 70.5% Accelerated 27 $54,211 $55,338 $30,421 97.5% 77.9% One Hundred Thirty-Fifth Street Elem. 50 $54,740 $55,338 $29,884 95.7% 95.0% Morningside Elementary 58 $54,824 $55,338 $29,767 99.2% 89.8% Canoga Park Elementary 68 $54,910 $55,338 $28,902 91.2% 92.1% Los Angeles Elementary 60 $54,853 $55,338 $28,833 96.2% 86.4% Ann Street Elementary 15 $53,467 $55,338 $28,053 96.1% 98.0% Glassell Park Elementary 46 $54,733 $55,338 $27,796 94.6% 94.7% Gulf Avenue Elementary 73 $54,968 $55,338 $26,980 97.3% 95.8% Topeka Drive Elementary 31 $54,466 $55,338 $26,576 31.9% 21.5% Hubbard Street Elementary 49 $54,804 $55,338 $26,137 95.1% 85.7% Westminster Avenue Elementary 33 $54,555 $55,338 $25,837 93.3% 91.2% Chapman Elementary 23 $54,220 $55,338 $25,703 77.1% 78.9% Loreto Street Elementary 36 $54,639 $55,338 $25,160 92.8% 93.8% Lorena Street Elementary 45 $54,791 $55,338 $24,622 99.2% 93.2% Average-LAUSD Elementary Schools 81.3% 78.1%

32 Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent minority Percent poverty salary Minority quartile Minority gap Malabar Street Elementary 50 $54,851 $55,338 $24,325 100.0% 97.1% Third Street Elementary 38 $54,701 $55,338 $24,178 19.1% 19.4% New Economics for Women (NEW) 4 $49,414 $55,338 $23,697 98.3% 100.0% Academy of Science Valley Community Charter 9 $52,588 $55,338 $23,376 63.3% 42.2% Walgrove Avenue Elementary 23 $54,332 $55,338 $23,131 85.5% 88.9% Beachy Avenue Elementary 36 $54,696 $55,338 $23,107 96.5% 89.9% Century Park Elementary 41 $54,779 $55,338 $22,621 99.6% 85.5% Wonderland Avenue Elementary 19 $54,157 $55,338 $22,432 17.1% 8.9% Canfield Avenue Elementary 23 $54,356 $55,338 $22,096 56.5% 45.5% Eshelman Avenue Elementary 38 $54,760 $55,338 $21,948 71.7% 79.2% Ivanhoe Elementary 20 $54,249 $55,338 $21,767 35.6% 26.0% Sylvan Park Elementary 61 $54,984 $55,338 $21,590 95.7% 97.9% Mar Vista Elementary 32 $54,703 $55,338 $19,984 28.5% 18.8% Calahan Street Elementary 25 $54,539 $55,338 $19,957 51.4% 51.4% El Sereno Elementary 34 $54,769 $55,338 $19,334 94.7% 91.6% Raymond Avenue Elementary 37 $54,820 $55,338 $19,168 99.7% 98.0% Haynes Elementary 18 $54,290 $55,338 $18,850 35.1% 28.2% Puente Charter 6 $52,204 $55,338 $18,804 100.0% 69.0% Mt. Washington Elementary 17 $54,263 $55,338 $18,262 57.4% 36.2% Mayberry Street Elementary 26 $54,644 $55,338 $18,034 84.5% 92.2% Blythe Street Elementary 29 $54,755 $55,338 $16,884 78.9% 86.6% Grand View Boulevard Elementary 38 $54,897 $55,338 $16,728 91.1% 82.5% Soto Street Elementary 23 $54,612 $55,338 $16,692 99.5% 97.7% Vinedale Elementary 21 $54,547 $55,338 $16,594 93.0% 90.5% Beethoven Street Elementary 20 $54,523 $55,338 $16,285 73.7% 70.1% Sharp Avenue Elementary 52 $55,032 $55,338 $15,872 98.1% 93.6% View Park Preparatory Accelerated Charter 12 $54,076 $55,338 $15,146 100.0% 22.2% Vena Avenue Elementary 39 $54,953 $55,338 $14,998 87.3% 79.0% Average-LAUSD Elementary Schools 81.3% 78.1%

Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools 33 Table 3B (cont.)

School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent minority Percent poverty salary Minority quartile Minority gap Ritter Elementary 21 $54,628 $55,338 $14,907 98.6% 84.3% O’Melveny Elementary 36 $54,919 $55,338 $14,859 98.7% 90.5% Valerio Primary Center 16 $54,418 $55,338 $14,713 90.5% 87.8% Cowan Avenue Elementary 27 $54,804 $55,338 $14,419 63.0% 26.7% Dorris Place Elementary 29 $54,858 $55,338 $13,908 76.2% 89.9% Clover Avenue Elementary 27 $54,816 $55,338 $13,813 32.0% 30.4% Denker Avenue Elementary 45 $55,036 $55,338 $13,571 72.7% 70.4% One Hundred Fifty-Sixth St. Elementary 21 $54,695 $55,338 $13,502 63.8% 46.6% Playa del Rey Elementary 14 $54,387 $55,338 $13,305 74.0% 67.6% Overland Avenue Elementary 29 $54,902 $55,338 $12,643 34.9% 17.1% Sierra Vista Elementary 17 $54,613 $55,338 $12,323 96.6% 92.8% Roscomare Road Elementary 24 $54,848 $55,338 $11,763 8.4% 1.4% Hamasaki (Morris K) Elementary 32 $54,971 $55,338 $11,749 98.5% 95.8% Wilmington Park Elementary 57 $55,135 $55,338 $11,550 98.4% 88.9% Harding Street Elementary 38 $55,049 $55,338 $10,983 85.8% 70.7% Leapwood Avenue Elementary 23 $54,910 $55,338 $9,828 92.6% 71.0% Leland Street Elementary 33 $55,095 $55,338 $8,024 72.5% 73.6% Fair Avenue Elementary 78 $55,238 $55,338 $7,758 94.4% 94.6% Ninety-Eighth Street Elementary 17 $54,906 $55,338 $7,340 93.4% 93.5% Chatsworth Park Elementary 23 $55,132 $55,338 $4,618 41.8% 37.2% Marianna Avenue Elementary 27 $55,169 $55,338 $4,561 99.8% 93.5% Strathern Street Elementary 65 $55,271 $55,338 $4,337 86.3% 93.8% Haskell Elementary 30 $55,198 $55,338 $4,194 66.9% 65.7% Kennedy (Robert F.) Elementary 39 $55,231 $55,338 $4,158 99.3% 94.2% Academia Semillas del Pueblo 11 $55,006 $55,338 $3,644 91.3% 88.5% San Fernando Elementary 44 $55,260 $55,338 $3,408 99.2% 91.8% Calabash Street Elementary 19 $55,164 $55,338 $3,216 26.2% 17.9% Gault Street Elementary 29 $55,230 $55,338 $3,125 83.9% 85.9% Average-LAUSD Elementary Schools 81.3% 78.1%

34 Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent minority Percent poverty salary Minority quartile Minority gap Monlux (John B.) Elementary 40 $55,269 $55,338 $2,764 51.1% 76.6% San Antonio Elementary 45 $55,289 $55,338 $2,208 99.7% 96.9% Loma Vista Elementary 77 $55,314 $55,338 $1,837 99.5% 97.9% Bradley (Tom) Environmental Science and 35 $55,324 $55,338 $487 98.1% 76.2% Humanities Culture and Language Academy of Success 7 $55,329 $55,338 $61 98.8% 72.1% (CLAS) Barton Hill Elementary 41 $55,359 $55,338 $0 96.5% 96.0% Elysian Heights Elementary 22 $55,378 $55,338 $0 90.6% 90.8% Glen Alta Elementary 17 $55,390 $55,338 $0 92.4% 89.0% Aragon Avenue Elementary 38 $55,366 $55,338 $0 96.9% 89.8% Riverside Drive Elementary 42 $55,373 $55,338 $0 34.7% 28.4% Winnetka Avenue Elementary 32 $55,396 $55,338 $0 70.4% 82.7% Albion Street Elementary 28 $55,417 $55,338 $0 75.7% 95.7% Grant Elementary 68 $55,372 $55,338 $0 73.9% 86.9% Richard Riordan Primary Center 17 $55,478 $55,338 $0 95.1% 96.4% El Dorado Avenue Elementary 36 $55,406 $55,338 $0 96.4% 96.0% Granada Elementary 29 $55,432 $55,338 $0 54.4% 62.1% Sierra Park Elementary 52 $55,392 $55,338 $0 95.1% 89.8% Topanga Learn-Charter Elementary 15 $55,537 $55,338 $0 13.7% 7.4% Downtown Value 3 $56,548 $55,338 $0 100.0% 100.0% Meyler Street Elementary 55 $55,405 $55,338 $0 84.9% 82.2% Herrick Avenue Elementary 43 $55,447 $55,338 $0 91.6% 88.2% Bright (Birdielee V) Elementary 43 $55,457 $55,338 $0 99.6% 94.8% President Avenue Elementary 31 $55,514 $55,338 $0 68.9% 66.9% Windsor Hills Math Sci Elem. 37 $55,499 $55,338 $0 98.2% 54.8% Hamlin Street Elementary 23 $55,602 $55,338 $0 59.5% 52.2% One Hundred Ninth Street Elementary 27 $55,581 $55,338 $0 99.4% 99.0% Melvin Avenue Elementary 36 $55,543 $55,338 $0 67.2% 71.3% Average-LAUSD Elementary Schools 81.3% 78.1%

Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools 35 Table 3B (cont.)

School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent minority Percent poverty salary Minority quartile Minority gap Rockdale Elementary 19 $55,771 $55,338 $0 70.7% 80.6% Glenwood Elementary 36 $55,596 $55,338 $0 90.6% 92.7% Canyon Elementary (Char) 17 $55,922 $55,338 $0 22.6% 5.7% Manhattan Place Elementary 35 $55,631 $55,338 $0 100.0% 91.7% Taper Avenue Elementary 38 $55,623 $55,338 $0 63.1% 36.5% Rio Vista Elementary 24 $55,827 $55,338 $0 71.1% 75.1% San Pascual Avenue Elementary 20 $56,026 $55,338 $0 87.5% 82.8% Fernangeles Elementary 60 $55,577 $55,338 $0 95.3% 94.9% Paseo del Rey Fundamental 23 $55,965 $55,338 $0 67.9% 47.5% Brockton Avenue Elementary 19 $56,104 $55,338 $0 84.2% 80.5% Ramona Elementary 67 $55,564 $55,338 $0 81.1% 97.0% Van Gogh Street Elementary 24 $55,974 $55,338 $0 34.8% 23.2% Latona Avenue Elementary 24 $56,025 $55,338 $0 88.6% 92.8% Franklin Avenue Elementary 23 $56,062 $55,338 $0 42.4% 49.6% Melrose Avenue Elementary 16 $56,530 $55,338 $0 78.1% 81.1% West Hollywood Elementary 17 $56,461 $55,338 $0 78.4% 90.7% Andasol Avenue Elementary 28 $56,031 $55,338 $0 37.5% 28.4% Lane (Robert Hill) Elementary 27 $56,059 $55,338 $0 95.0% 86.8% Clifford Street Elementary 12 $56,979 $55,338 $0 78.7% 85.9% Toluca Lake Elementary 34 $55,928 $55,338 $0 83.8% 86.1% Lafayette Park Primary Center 15 $56,770 $55,338 $0 80.1% 91.5% Castlebay Lane Elementary 39 $55,881 $55,338 $0 13.0% 6.5% Bushnell Way Elementary 33 $55,990 $55,338 $0 95.0% 94.4% Oxnard Street Elementary 58 $55,711 $55,338 $0 93.9% 93.2% Stanford Avenue Elementary 69 $55,672 $55,338 $0 99.5% 95.9% First Street Elementary 41 $55,909 $55,338 $0 99.6% 88.7% Tarzana Elementary 28 $56,178 $55,338 $0 58.3% 75.6% Harbor City Elementary 39 $55,947 $55,338 $0 93.9% 95.2% Average-LAUSD Elementary Schools 81.3% 78.1%

36 Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent minority Percent poverty salary Minority quartile Minority gap Cohasset Street Elementary 43 $55,899 $55,338 $0 90.5% 90.8% Santa Monica Boulevard Community 66 $55,709 $55,338 $0 91.4% 93.8% Charter Mountain View Elementary 23 $56,408 $55,338 $0 41.5% 61.1% Seventh Street Elementary 26 $56,292 $55,338 $0 65.4% 50.4% Darby Avenue Elementary 28 $56,224 $55,338 $0 40.2% 47.7% Marquez Avenue Elementary (Char) 36 $56,033 $55,338 $0 15.5% 10.1% Monte Vista Street Elementary 33 $56,098 $55,338 $0 94.1% 95.8% Richland Avenue Elementary 22 $56,508 $55,338 $0 83.9% 84.2% Woodlake Avenue Elementary 28 $56,272 $55,338 $0 24.4% 16.5% Nevin Avenue Elementary 35 $56,094 $55,338 $0 99.9% 98.7% Castle Heights Elementary 32 $56,202 $55,338 $0 67.7% 32.2% Bell #3 Span 17 $57,012 $55,338 $0 99.4% 94.6% Broadway Elementary 19 $56,879 $55,338 $0 96.0% 88.3% Pinewood Avenue Elementary 38 $56,121 $55,338 $0 70.8% 93.2% Stoner Avenue Elementary 34 $56,234 $55,338 $0 96.8% 92.3% Bertrand Avenue Elementary 24 $56,597 $55,338 $0 86.5% 89.9% Fifteenth Street Elementary 38 $56,149 $55,338 $0 93.5% 90.0% Carthay Center Elementary 23 $56,687 $55,338 $0 84.8% 73.1% Welby Way Elementary 38 $56,159 $55,338 $0 19.9% 14.1% Multnomah Street Elementary 37 $56,206 $55,338 $0 86.2% 82.7% Stonehurst Avenue Elementary 22 $56,837 $55,338 $0 64.3% 76.1% Humphreys Avenue Elementary 53 $55,956 $55,338 $0 99.7% 91.9% Glenfeliz Boulevard Elementary 29 $56,497 $55,338 $0 78.4% 87.1% Rosewood Avenue Elementary 30 $56,452 $55,338 $0 50.2% 52.9% Cheremoya Avenue Elementary 24 $56,750 $55,338 $0 64.0% 88.9% Point Fermin Elementary 18 $57,222 $55,338 $0 53.4% 57.0% Mayall Street Elementary 29 $56,515 $55,338 $0 58.6% 64.4% Sixth Avenue Elementary 55 $55,985 $55,338 $0 98.4% 92.3% Average-LAUSD Elementary Schools 81.3% 78.1%

Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools 37 Table 3B (cont.)

School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent minority Percent poverty salary Minority quartile Minority gap Osceola Street Elementary 27 $56,660 $55,338 $0 94.3% 92.1% Short Avenue Elementary 20 $57,133 $55,338 $0 81.4% 73.5% Dayton Heights Elementary 52 $56,032 $55,338 $0 87.2% 93.6% Dahlia Heights Elementary 21 $57,068 $55,338 $0 59.3% 44.9% Cabrillo Avenue Elementary 31 $56,512 $55,338 $0 89.4% 93.3% Sunny Brae Avenue Elementary 49 $56,082 $55,338 $0 88.0% 83.7% Fenton Avenue Elementary (Char) 72 $55,859 $55,338 $0 96.1% 90.7% Lockhurst Drive Elementary 29 $56,635 $55,338 $0 28.8% 21.7% Emelita Street Elementary 26 $56,801 $55,338 $0 52.3% 58.1% Dixie Canyon Avenue Elementary 34 $56,474 $55,338 $0 33.2% 21.3% Hart Street Elementary 53 $56,068 $55,338 $0 92.9% 94.6% Beckford Avenue Elementary 31 $56,628 $55,338 $0 29.2% 17.9% Tulsa Street Elementary 32 $56,568 $55,338 $0 64.2% 68.9% Sterry (Nora) Elementary 19 $57,417 $55,338 $0 86.3% 83.1% Germain Street Elementary 39 $56,365 $55,338 $0 38.5% 31.2% Park Avenue Elementary 53 $56,095 $55,338 $0 98.0% 90.3% Community Magnet 20 $57,366 $55,338 $0 33.0% 31.6% Halldale Elementary 37 $56,437 $55,338 $0 78.2% 69.1% Breed Street Elementary 40 $56,371 $55,338 $0 99.3% 97.8% City Terrace Elementary 28 $56,854 $55,338 $0 96.1% 96.5% Laurel Elementary 24 $57,139 $55,338 $0 52.3% 88.1% Brooklyn Avenue Elementary 38 $56,484 $55,338 $0 99.9% 97.5% Politi (Leo) Elementary 56 $56,129 $55,338 $0 95.4% 97.0% Gridley Street Elementary 53 $56,172 $55,338 $0 98.0% 90.5% Victoria Avenue Elementary 75 $55,935 $55,338 $0 99.2% 94.6% Palms Elementary 29 $56,931 $55,338 $0 79.8% 71.4% Camellia Avenue Elementary 68 $56,060 $55,338 $0 97.9% 94.0% Warner Avenue Elementary 32 $56,891 $55,338 $0 9.2% 4.4% Average-LAUSD Elementary Schools 81.3% 78.1%

38 Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent minority Percent poverty salary Minority quartile Minority gap Delevan Drive Elementary 27 $57,194 $55,338 $0 56.7% 69.0% Annandale Elementary 19 $58,027 $55,338 $0 91.8% 90.2% Capistrano Avenue Elementary 25 $57,412 $55,338 $0 62.9% 60.3% Hyde Park Blvd. Elementary 49 $56,408 $55,338 $0 99.2% 97.9% Hancock Park Elementary 37 $56,767 $55,338 $0 25.7% 16.6% El Oro Way Elementary 25 $57,467 $55,338 $0 44.7% 46.3% Van Ness Avenue Elementary 24 $57,658 $55,338 $0 77.7% 89.4% Griffin Avenue Elementary 36 $56,899 $55,338 $0 75.2% 53.3% San Gabriel Avenue Elementary 53 $56,425 $55,338 $0 99.4% 93.8% Lankershim Elementary 44 $56,676 $55,338 $0 93.1% 93.6% Vanalden Avenue Elementary 28 $57,493 $55,338 $0 69.2% 76.8% Colfax Avenue Elementary 25 $57,767 $55,338 $0 52.5% 50.5% Hazeltine Avenue Elementary 66 $56,259 $55,338 $0 90.5% 86.7% Dena (Christopher) Elementary 49 $56,585 $55,338 $0 99.5% 96.7% Park Western Place Elementary 33 $57,224 $55,338 $0 57.9% 53.2% Fries Avenue Elementary 62 $56,343 $55,338 $0 99.0% 96.0% Kentwood Elementary 20 $58,537 $55,338 $0 63.3% 38.5% Caroldale Avenue Elementary 52 $56,558 $55,338 $0 52.6% 58.7% Broadacres Avenue Elementary 25 $57,962 $55,338 $0 98.1% 67.3% Rowan Avenue Elementary 70 $56,260 $55,338 $0 99.9% 91.6% Victory Boulevard Elementary 75 $56,216 $55,338 $0 93.3% 95.2% Wilbur Avenue Elementary 34 $57,280 $55,338 $0 14.5% 7.4% South Shores/CSUDH Visual & Performing Arts 23 $58,250 $55,338 $0 55.0% 47.3% Lorne Street Elementary 34 $57,355 $55,338 $0 53.0% 50.4% Serrania Avenue Elementary 38 $57,334 $55,338 $0 27.9% 17.9% Knollwood Elementary 28 $58,111 $55,338 $0 53.8% 52.2% Limerick Avenue Elementary 54 $56,819 $55,338 $0 80.9% 80.2% Evergreen Avenue Elementary 54 $56,823 $55,338 $0 99.5% 96.9% Average-LAUSD Elementary Schools 81.3% 78.1%

Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools 39 Table 3B (cont.)

School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent minority Percent poverty salary Minority quartile Minority gap Broad Avenue Elementary 58 $56,779 $55,338 $0 88.4% 85.8% Justice Street Elementary 24 $58,846 $55,338 $0 23.4% 21.8% Calvert Street Elementary 26 $58,651 $55,338 $0 47.1% 44.5% Montara Avenue Elementary 53 $56,985 $55,338 $0 99.1% 94.2% Open Charter Magnet 17 $60,573 $55,338 $0 41.2% 22.2% Woodlawn Avenue Elementary 63 $56,795 $55,338 $0 98.7% 84.9% Fishburn Avenue Elementary 56 $56,985 $55,338 $0 99.0% 87.9% Bandini Street Elementary 23 $59,445 $55,338 $0 91.2% 85.6% Danube Avenue Elementary 25 $59,118 $55,338 $0 73.9% 61.2% Nevada Avenue Elementary 36 $58,015 $55,338 $0 79.4% 89.7% Huntington Drive Elementary 36 $58,038 $55,338 $0 96.0% 88.9% Los Feliz Elementary 34 $58,214 $55,338 $0 53.1% 90.7% Murchison Street Elementary 42 $57,676 $55,338 $0 99.2% 93.1% Sherman Oaks Elementary 42 $57,692 $55,338 $0 35.6% 25.3% Bellevue Primary 14 $62,419 $55,338 $0 90.3% 97.4% Fletcher Drive Elementary 49 $57,362 $55,338 $0 95.8% 97.4% Logan Street Elementary 62 $56,962 $55,338 $0 90.0% 95.7% Crestwood Street Elementary 27 $59,077 $55,338 $0 56.6% 33.8% Telfair Avenue Elementary 61 $56,995 $55,338 $0 99.7% 91.5% Selma Avenue Elementary 35 $58,228 $55,338 $0 91.6% 90.9% Braddock Drive Elementary 35 $58,277 $55,338 $0 90.2% 89.7% Gledhill Street Elementary 41 $57,871 $55,338 $0 75.9% 80.0% Apperson Street Elementary 26 $59,355 $55,338 $0 37.5% 54.9% Chase Street Elementary 47 $57,570 $55,338 $0 87.1% 79.9% Charnock Road Elementary 26 $59,503 $55,338 $0 73.2% 73.1% Eastman Avenue Elementary 72 $56,823 $55,338 $0 99.5% 97.7% Hawaiian Avenue Elementary 63 $57,038 $55,338 $0 98.7% 98.4% Yorkdale Elementary 32 $58,805 $55,338 $0 92.3% 93.0% Average-LAUSD Elementary Schools 81.3% 78.1%

40 Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent minority Percent poverty salary Minority quartile Minority gap Eagle Rock Elementary 52 $57,505 $55,338 $0 55.2% 52.7% Pomelo Drive Elementary 39 $58,489 $55,338 $0 15.9% 7.9% Second Street Elementary 38 $58,675 $55,338 $0 98.5% 95.0% Fourth Street Elementary 53 $58,016 $55,338 $0 99.3% 91.6% Buchanan Street Elementary 38 $59,104 $55,338 $0 89.1% 90.5% San Jose Street Elementary 36 $59,317 $55,338 $0 80.5% 69.9% Tweedy Elementary 37 $59,415 $55,338 $0 98.8% 93.3% Normont Elementary 31 $60,597 $55,338 $0 94.1% 91.2% Angeles Mesa Elementary 38 $59,654 $55,338 $0 99.7% 89.7% Castelar Street Elementary 38 $60,803 $55,338 $0 24.8% 95.6% San Miguel Elementary 70 $58,899 $55,338 $0 99.1% 92.3% Balboa Gifted/High Ability Magnet Elementary 28 $64,935 $55,338 $0 23.7% 25.8% Average-LAUSD Elementary Schools 81.3% 78.1%

As Table 3B shows, slightly more elementary schools in LAUSD (62 percent) have a hidden teacher-spending gap when we measure the gap by minority enrollment—and the gaps are bigger. In other words, when we compare the teacher spending in each elementary school to the spending in schools serving the fewest Latino and African-American students, most schools have a gap. The average teacher salaries at some high-minority elementary schools are up to $20,000 less than low-minority elementary schools. Their budgets are shorted by as much as $450,000 per year.

Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools 41 Table 4A: Middle School Poverty Gaps

School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent poverty Percent minority salary Poverty Quartile Poverty gap Los Angeles Academy Middle 125 $48,862 $54,488 $703,191 92.9% 99.8% Sun Valley Middle 123 $49,598 $54,488 $601,457 88.5% 95.2% Gompers (Samuel) Middle 76 $48,319 $54,488 $468,846 73.8% 99.5% Hollenbeck Middle 118 $51,181 $54,488 $390,840 90.9% 99.1% Sepulveda (Francisco) Middle 121 $51,276 $54,488 $388,647 78.6% 86.1% Peary (Robert E.) Middle 109 $51,143 $54,488 $364,593 74.6% 89.9% Mt. Vernon Middle 83 $50,148 $54,488 $360,149 72.9% 98.6% Curtiss (Glenn Hammond) Middle 70 $49,557 $54,488 $345,169 72.9% 97.5% Olive Vista Middle 96 $51,000 $54,488 $333,430 84.1% 95.5% Drew (Charles) Middle 106 $51,382 $54,488 $329,208 84.4% 99.5% Mann (Horace) Junior High 71 $49,991 $54,488 $319,230 80.8% 99.2% Clay (Henry) Middle 91 $51,014 $54,488 $316,107 63.7% 99.6% Fleming (Alexander) Middle 87 $50,906 $54,488 $310,121 73.9% 75.5% Bethune (Mary McLeod) Middle 109 $51,665 $54,488 $307,075 69.4% 99.7% King (Thomas Starr) Middle 125 $52,080 $54,488 $300,928 87.1% 77.8% Webster (Daniel) Middle 63 $49,863 $54,488 $291,371 73.6% 90.8% Camino Nuevo Charter Middle 35 $47,525 $54,488 $246,487 80.7% 93.9% Chester W. Nimitz Middle 147 $52,891 $54,488 $234,650 93.0% 99.0% Maclay (Charles) Middle 76 $51,425 $54,488 $232,736 87.3% 98.5% Markham (Edwin) Middle 88 $51,927 $54,488 $225,353 70.7% 99.5% Muir (John) Middle 95 $52,128 $54,488 $224,131 85.1% 99.7% Audubon Middle 96 $52,156 $54,488 $223,850 67.8% 99.2% Belvedere Middle 106 $52,445 $54,488 $216,543 94.0% 99.2% Edison (Thomas A.) Middle 97 $52,446 $54,488 $197,986 84.0% 99.4% Le Conte (Joseph) Middle 106 $52,663 $54,488 $193,384 93.8% 77.9% Millikan (Robert A.) Middle 85 $52,416 $54,488 $176,055 41.8% 50.3% Carver (George Washington) Middle 106 $52,861 $54,488 $172,400 96.2% 99.9% Average-LAUSD Middle Schools 73.7% 83.7%

42 Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent poverty Percent minority salary Poverty Quartile Poverty gap San Fernando Middle 100 $52,853 $54,488 $163,469 79.9% 98.1% Magnolia Science Academy 16 $44,692 $54,488 $156,733 72.4% 69.6% Revere (Paul) Middle (Char) 83 $52,660 $54,488 $152,067 32.1% 43.4% Northridge Middle 58 $52,009 $54,488 $143,746 73.0% 85.7% Carnegie (Andrew) Middle 82 $52,831 $54,488 $135,812 66.5% 70.7% Reed (Walter) Middle 97 $53,105 $54,488 $133,793 68.5% 70.0% Virgil Middle 117 $53,429 $54,488 $123,839 97.7% 92.8% Byrd (Richard E.) Middle 90 $53,139 $54,488 $121,631 74.4% 89.7% Mt. Gleason Middle 70 $52,837 $54,488 $115,505 74.6% 54.9% Dana (Richard Henry) Middle 83 $53,108 $54,488 $113,932 66.2% 79.4% Wilmington Middle 102 $53,392 $54,488 $111,993 79.8% 95.6% Griffith (David Wark) Middle 90 $53,288 $54,488 $107,973 88.2% 99.0% Sutter (John A.) Middle 71 $52,997 $54,488 $105,550 79.9% 80.2% Nightingale (Florence) Middle 84 $53,250 $54,488 $103,976 91.3% 81.9% Harte (Bret) Prepatory Intermediate 74 $53,258 $54,488 $90,994 78.4% 99.8% Van Nuys Middle 76 $53,322 $54,488 $88,080 75.4% 82.9% California Academy for Liberal Studies 16 $49,926 $54,488 $71,166 87.9% 96.9% El Sereno Middle 108 $53,858 $54,488 $68,011 86.8% 93.7% Wright (Orville) Middle 61 $53,498 $54,488 $59,949 41.6% 84.6% Mulholland (William) Middle 85 $53,823 $54,488 $56,506 78.5% 82.3% Madison (James) Middle 104 $53,952 $54,488 $55,718 84.1% 70.5% Henry (Patrick) Middle 63 $53,609 $54,488 $55,357 53.9% 55.8% White (Stephen M.) Middle 78 $53,784 $54,488 $54,880 60.0% 67.4% Pacoima Middle 98 $54,093 $54,488 $38,565 81.0% 91.3% Gage (Henry T.) Middle 149 $54,274 $54,488 $31,755 84.3% 99.3% View Park Preparatory Accelerated Charter 8 $50,682 $54,488 $30,447 28.5% 99.3% Middle Burbank (Luther) Middle 89 $54,203 $54,488 $25,303 88.4% 91.2% Mark Twain Middle 61 $54,239 $54,488 $15,114 78.4% 92.5% Average-LAUSD Middle Schools 73.7% 83.7%

Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools 43 Table 4A (cont.)

School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent poverty Percent minority salary Poverty Quartile Poverty gap Berendo Middle 136 $54,435 $54,488 $7,130 95.7% 96.9% KIPP Academy of Opportunity 3 $54,184 $54,488 $911 82.2% 100.0% Stella Middle Charter Academy 4 $55,795 $54,488 $0 100.0% 99.2% Parkman (Francis) Middle 56 $54,885 $54,488 $0 52.7% 58.6% Marina del Rey Middle 53 $55,044 $54,488 $0 76.0% 89.2% Emerson (Ralph Waldo) Middle 64 $55,044 $54,488 $0 79.2% 82.1% Dodson (Rudecinda Sepulveda) Middle 77 $55,135 $54,488 $0 52.6% 69.5% Hale (George Ellery) Middle 93 $55,058 $54,488 $0 34.8% 38.8% Frost (Robert) Middle 69 $55,267 $54,488 $0 42.9% 53.9% Columbus (Christopher) Middle 57 $55,453 $54,488 $0 72.0% 73.1% Adams (John) Middle 94 $55,110 $54,488 $0 98.2% 98.8% Lawrence (Ernest) Middle 83 $55,263 $54,488 $0 57.3% 56.8% Bancroft (Hubert Howe) Middle 61 $55,788 $54,488 $0 77.5% 79.6% Burroughs (John) Middle 96 $55,355 $54,488 $0 54.3% 51.8% South Gate Middle 171 $55,178 $54,488 $0 84.9% 99.4% De Portola (Gaspar) Middle 86 $55,979 $54,488 $0 48.4% 48.4% Stevenson (Robert Louis) Middle 101 $55,770 $54,488 $0 92.5% 99.7% Holmes (Oliver Wendell) Middle 64 $56,996 $54,488 $0 57.3% 65.2% Nobel (Alfred Bernhard) Middle 87 $56,479 $54,488 $0 40.7% 33.4% Porter (George K.) Middle 75 $57,164 $54,488 $0 52.5% 66.5% Irving (Washington) Middle 76 $57,517 $54,488 $0 85.5% 86.7% Palms Middle 78 $58,726 $54,488 $0 32.1% 58.0% Average-LAUSD Middle Schools 73.7% 83.7%

As Table 4A shows, almost three-fourths of LAUSD’s middle poverty middle schools. Consequently, the impact on high poverty schools (74 percent) have a hidden teacher-spending gap when middle schools in LA is significant—their budgets are shorted as we measure the gap by poverty enrollment. The average teacher much as $703,000 per year. salaries in some of LAUSD’s high-poverty middle schools are almost $10,000 less than the average teacher salaries in the lowest-

44 Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools Table 4B: Middle School Minority Gaps

School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent minority Percent poverty salary Minority quartile Minority gap Los Angeles Academy Middle 125 $48,862 $54,685 $727,902 99.8% 92.9% Sun Valley Middle 123 $49,598 $54,685 $625,773 95.2% 88.5% Gompers (Samuel) Middle 76 $48,319 $54,685 $483,870 99.5% 73.8% Hollenbeck Middle 118 $51,181 $54,685 $414,207 99.1% 90.9% Sepulveda (Francisco) Middle 121 $51,276 $54,685 $412,568 86.1% 78.6% Peary (Robert E.) Middle 109 $51,143 $54,685 $386,141 89.9% 74.6% Mt. Vernon Middle 83 $50,148 $54,685 $376,557 98.6% 72.9% Curtiss (Glenn Hammond) Middle 70 $49,557 $54,685 $359,007 97.5% 72.9% Olive Vista Middle 96 $51,000 $54,685 $352,330 95.5% 84.1% Drew (Charles) Middle 106 $51,382 $54,685 $350,163 99.5% 84.4% Clay (Henry) Middle 91 $51,014 $54,685 $334,096 99.6% 63.7% Mann (Horace) Junior High 71 $49,991 $54,685 $333,266 99.2% 80.8% Bethune (Mary McLeod) Middle 109 $51,665 $54,685 $328,584 99.7% 69.4% Fleming (Alexander) Middle 87 $50,906 $54,685 $327,241 75.5% 73.9% King (Thomas Starr) Middle 125 $52,080 $54,685 $325,639 77.8% 87.1% Webster (Daniel) Middle 63 $49,863 $54,685 $303,826 90.8% 73.6% Chester W. Nimitz Middle 147 $52,891 $54,685 $263,711 99.0% 93.0% Camino Nuevo Charter Middle 35 $47,525 $54,685 $253,485 93.9% 80.7% Maclay (Charles) Middle 76 $51,425 $54,685 $247,760 98.5% 87.3% Muir (John) Middle 95 $52,128 $54,685 $242,911 99.7% 85.1% Audubon Middle 96 $52,156 $54,685 $242,828 99.2% 67.8% Markham (Edwin) Middle 88 $51,927 $54,685 $242,750 99.5% 70.7% Belvedere Middle 106 $52,445 $54,685 $237,498 99.2% 94.0% Edison (Thomas A.) Middle 97 $52,446 $54,685 $217,162 99.4% 84.0% Le Conte (Joseph) Middle 106 $52,663 $54,685 $214,339 77.9% 93.8% Carver (George Washington) Middle 106 $52,861 $54,685 $193,355 99.9% 96.2% Millikan (Robert A.) Middle 85 $52,416 $54,685 $192,858 50.3% 41.8% Average-LAUSD Middle Schools 83.7% 73.7%

Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools 45 Table 4B (cont.)

School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent minority Percent poverty salary Minority quartile Minority gap San Fernando Middle 100 $52,853 $54,685 $183,238 98.1% 79.9% Revere (Paul) Middle (Char) 83 $52,660 $54,685 $168,514 43.4% 32.1% Magnolia Science Academy 16 $44,692 $54,685 $159,896 69.6% 72.4% Northridge Middle 58 $52,009 $54,685 $155,212 85.7% 73.0% Reed (Walter) Middle 97 $53,105 $54,685 $152,929 70.0% 68.5% Carnegie (Andrew) Middle 82 $52,831 $54,685 $152,023 70.7% 66.5% Virgil Middle 117 $53,429 $54,685 $146,969 92.8% 97.7% Byrd (Richard E.) Middle 90 $53,139 $54,685 $139,463 89.7% 74.4% Wilmington Middle 102 $53,392 $54,685 $132,197 95.6% 79.8% Dana (Richard Henry) Middle 83 $53,108 $54,685 $130,261 79.4% 66.2% Mt. Gleason Middle 70 $52,837 $54,685 $129,343 54.9% 74.6% Griffith (David Wark) Middle 90 $53,288 $54,685 $125,765 99.0% 88.2% Nightingale (Florence) Middle 84 $53,250 $54,685 $120,582 81.9% 91.3% Sutter (John A.) Middle 71 $52,997 $54,685 $119,546 80.2% 79.9% Harte (Bret) Prepatory Intermediate 74 $53,258 $54,685 $105,623 99.8% 78.4% Van Nuys Middle 76 $53,322 $54,685 $103,025 82.9% 75.4% El Sereno Middle 108 $53,858 $54,685 $89,362 93.7% 86.8% Madison (James) Middle 104 $53,952 $54,685 $76,278 70.5% 84.1% California Academy for Liberal Studies 16 $49,926 $54,685 $74,250 96.9% 87.9% Mulholland (William) Middle 85 $53,823 $54,685 $73,309 82.3% 78.5% Wright (Orville) Middle 61 $53,498 $54,685 $71,929 84.6% 41.6% White (Stephen M.) Middle 78 $53,784 $54,685 $70,300 67.4% 60.0% Henry (Patrick) Middle 63 $53,609 $54,685 $67,812 55.8% 53.9% Gage (Henry T.) Middle 149 $54,274 $54,685 $61,131 99.3% 84.3% Pacoima Middle 98 $54,093 $54,685 $57,899 91.3% 81.0% Burbank (Luther) Middle 89 $54,203 $54,685 $42,897 91.2% 88.4% Berendo Middle 136 $54,435 $54,685 $34,016 96.9% 95.7% View Park Preparatory Accelerated Charter 8 $50,682 $54,685 $32,029 99.3% 28.5% Middle Average-LAUSD Middle Schools 83.7% 73.7%

46 Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent minority Percent poverty salary Minority quartile Minority gap Mark Twain Middle 61 $54,239 $54,685 $27,133 92.5% 78.4% KIPP Academy of Opportunity 3 $54,184 $54,685 $1,504 100.0% 82.2% Stella Middle Charter Academy 4 $55,795 $54,685 $0 99.2% 100.0% Parkman (Francis) Middle 56 $54,885 $54,685 $0 58.6% 52.7% Marina del Rey Middle 53 $55,044 $54,685 $0 89.2% 76.0% Emerson (Ralph Waldo) Middle 64 $55,044 $54,685 $0 82.1% 79.2% Hale (George Ellery) Middle 93 $55,058 $54,685 $0 38.8% 34.8% Dodson (Rudecinda Sepulveda) Middle 77 $55,135 $54,685 $0 69.5% 52.6% Adams (John) Middle 94 $55,110 $54,685 $0 98.8% 98.2% Frost (Robert) Middle 69 $55,267 $54,685 $0 53.9% 42.9% Columbus (Christopher) Middle 57 $55,453 $54,685 $0 73.1% 72.0% Lawrence (Ernest) Middle 83 $55,263 $54,685 $0 56.8% 57.3% Burroughs (John) Middle 96 $55,355 $54,685 $0 51.8% 54.3% Bancroft (Hubert Howe) Middle 61 $55,788 $54,685 $0 79.6% 77.5% South Gate Middle 171 $55,178 $54,685 $0 99.4% 84.9% Stevenson (Robert Louis) Middle 101 $55,770 $54,685 $0 99.7% 92.5% De Portola (Gaspar) Middle 86 $55,979 $54,685 $0 48.4% 48.4% Holmes (Oliver Wendell) Middle 64 $56,996 $54,685 $0 65.2% 57.3% Nobel (Alfred Bernhard) Middle 87 $56,479 $54,685 $0 33.4% 40.7% Porter (George K.) Middle 75 $57,164 $54,685 $0 66.5% 52.5% Irving (Washington) Middle 76 $57,517 $54,685 $0 86.7% 85.5% Palms Middle 78 $58,726 $54,685 $0 58.0% 32.1% Average-LAUSD Middle Schools 83.7% 73.7%

As Table 4B shows, almost three-fourths (74 percent) of LAUSD’s middle schools also have a hidden gap when we compare schools serving the fewest Latino and African-American students to those serving the most minority students. The impact on a high-minority middle school in LAUSD is as much as $727,000 annually.

Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools 47 Table 5A: High School Poverty Gaps

School Teacher FTEs Estimated average salary Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent poverty Percent minority Poverty Quartile Poverty gap Fremont (John C.) Senior High 205 $50,504 $55,800 $1,085,714 77.2% 99.9% Locke (Alain Leroy) Senior High* 119 $50,027 $55,800 $687,050 66.0% 99.8% Monroe (James) High 203 $53,587 $55,800 $449,642 75.8% 85.5% Palisades Charter High 102 $52,306 $55,800 $354,990 17.7% 47.9% Robert Fulton College Preparatory School 99 $52,393 $55,800 $337,302 86.7% 90.8% Birmingham Senior High 147 $53,547 $55,800 $330,299 60.3% 72.9% Wilson (Woodrow) Senior High 135 $53,377 $55,800 $327,089 75.3% 93.1% Crenshaw Senior High 134 $53,567 $55,800 $299,252 66.8% 99.1% Banning (Phineas) Senior High 134 $53,885 $55,800 $257,091 71.1% 93.7% Jordan (David Starr) Senior High 96 $53,156 $55,800 $252,808 73.4% 99.5% Taft (William Howard) Senior High 134 $53,957 $55,800 $246,206 40.2% 53.7% El Camino Real Senior High 136 $54,065 $55,800 $235,626 24.2% 33.9% King/Drew Medical Magnet High 68 $52,401 $55,800 $232,515 59.8% 98.6% Jefferson (Thomas) Senior High 139 $54,202 $55,800 $221,805 90.9% 99.6% Franklin (Benjamin) Senior High 143 $54,371 $55,800 $203,834 80.5% 90.2% Dorsey (Susan Miller) Senior High 93 $53,790 $55,800 $186,998 62.8% 98.9% Gardena Senior High 138 $54,529 $55,800 $175,364 63.6% 90.1% Canoga Park Senior High 99 $54,043 $55,800 $174,667 71.9% 83.4% Verdugo Hills Senior High 90 $53,894 $55,800 $171,172 66.2% 58.7% Cleveland (Grover) High 138 $54,590 $55,800 $166,974 68.3% 65.3% South Gate Senior High 185 $54,996 $55,800 $148,849 77.7% 99.2% Reseda Senior High 125 $54,833 $55,800 $120,754 65.2% 74.9% Discovery Charter 10 $44,782 $55,800 $110,186 51.0% 99.0% Carson Senior High 134 $55,113 $55,800 $92,151 42.6% 64.4% Average-LAUSD High Schools 63.7% 81.0%

* In our A Tale of Two Schools example on page 7, we compared Locke to Granada Hills and estimated that Locke was spending almost a million dollars less every year on its teachers than was Granada Hills. In Tables 5A and 5B, we compare Locke (as we do all high schools) to the average teacher salary in the lowest poverty and minority high schools as a group. Thus, the gap for Locke in these tables is smaller than when we compare Locke and Granada Hills exclusively.

48 Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools School Teacher FTEs Estimated average salary Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent poverty Percent minority Poverty Quartile Poverty gap Washington (George) Preparatory High 154 $55,206 $55,800 $91,542 35.6% 99.3% Westchester Senior High 106 $54,973 $55,800 $87,396 30.4% 89.9% Van Nuys Senior High 160 $55,260 $55,800 $86,187 66.5% 67.9% Los Angeles Leadership Academy 14 $50,693 $55,800 $71,499 88.0% 88.1% Crenshaw Arts-Technology High 5 $45,184 $55,800 $53,079 73.8% 100.0% Kennedy (John F.) High 126 $55,409 $55,800 $49,347 51.6% 76.2% Fairfax Senior High 128 $55,476 $55,800 $41,392 70.1% 72.7% Belmont Senior High 211 $55,614 $55,800 $39,248 82.1% 91.9% Lincoln (Abraham) Senior High 128 $55,508 $55,800 $37,464 72.9% 81.3% Francis (John H.) Polytechnic 165 $55,638 $55,800 $26,799 86.3% 90.9% View Park Preparatory Accelerated High 4 $51,070 $55,800 $18,921 37.2% 100.0% Bell Senior High 192 $55,733 $55,800 $12,896 93.9% 98.6% University Senior High 101 $55,720 $55,800 $8,118 43.3% 73.4% Chatsworth Senior High 120 $55,763 $55,800 $4,419 40.4% 51.5% Renaissance Arts Academy 2 $54,759 $55,800 $2,082 44.6% 75.0% Central City Value 5 $58,027 $55,800 $0 59.0% 98.8% North Hollywood Senior High 187 $55,921 $55,800 $0 72.0% 75.8% Sherman Oaks Ctr. for Enriched Studes 68 $56,192 $55,800 $0 40.8% 43.9% Hollywood Senior High 133 $56,116 $55,800 $0 73.7% 77.8% Downtown Business High 47 $56,752 $55,800 $0 72.7% 79.5% Narbonne (Nathaniel) Senior High 139 $56,204 $55,800 $0 45.8% 75.1% Eagle Rock Junior-Senior High 126 $56,327 $55,800 $0 56.4% 66.1% Sylmar Senior High 148 $56,303 $55,800 $0 73.4% 94.5% Roosevelt (Theodore) Senior High 212 $56,173 $55,800 $0 77.3% 99.2% Venice Senior High 127 $56,592 $55,800 $0 57.0% 76.3% Grant (Ulysses S.) Senior High 125 $56,901 $55,800 $0 73.7% 61.3% Hamilton (Alexander) Senior High 127 $57,025 $55,800 $0 42.2% 76.0% Garfield (James A.) Senior High 193 $56,877 $55,800 $0 97.6% 99.3% Average-LAUSD High Schools 63.7% 81.0%

Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools 49 Table 5A (cont.)

School Teacher FTEs Estimated average salary Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent poverty Percent minority Poverty Quartile Poverty gap Manual Arts Senior High 162 $57,110 $55,800 $0 78.8% 99.6% Huntington Park Senior High 183 $56,980 $55,800 $0 91.3% 99.3% Marshall (John) Senior High 199 $56,949 $55,800 $0 73.6% 68.1% Los Angeles Senior High 183 $57,208 $55,800 $0 73.0% 88.8% Los Angeles Center for Enriched Studies 64 $60,699 $55,800 $0 31.7% 53.9% Granada Hills Charter High 146 $58,061 $55,800 $0 26.6% 31.7% San Fernando Senior High 190 $57,613 $55,800 $0 91.4% 98.5% San Pedro Senior High 140 $58,318 $55,800 $0 44.6% 69.1% Bravo (Francisco) Medical Magnet High 67 $61,665 $55,800 $0 83.8% 61.3% Average-LAUSD High Schools 63.7% 81.0%

As Table 5A shows, many of LAUSD’s high schools (64 percent) have a hidden teacher-spending gap when we measure the gap by poverty enrollment. To it’s credit, as seen in Table 1 on page 6, on average LAUSD is spending about $159 more per teacher in its highest- poverty high schools than in its lowest-poverty high schools. But averages can be deceptive. When we look underneath that average, it’s clear that the majority of LAUSD’s high schools are spending far less on their teachers compared to schools serving the most affluent kids. The average teacher salaries in these schools are more than $10,000 less than high schools serving more advantaged students. The impact of these gaps is huge: in one case a school’s budget is shorted over $1,000,000 per year.

50 Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools Table 5B: High School Minority Gaps

School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent minority Percent poverty salary Minority quartile Minority gap Fremont (John C.) Senior High 205 $50,504 $56,012 $1,129,034 99.9% 77.2% Locke (Alain Leroy) Senior High 119 $50,027 $56,012 $712,197 99.8% 66.0% Monroe (James) High 203 $53,587 $56,012 $492,582 85.5% 75.8% Palisades Charter High 102 $52,306 $56,012 $376,459 47.9% 17.7% Birmingham Senior High 147 $53,547 $56,012 $361,278 72.9% 60.3% Robert Fulton College Preparatory School 99 $52,393 $56,012 $358,223 90.8% 86.7% Wilson (Woodrow) Senior High 135 $53,377 $56,012 $355,616 93.1% 75.3% Crenshaw Senior High 134 $53,567 $56,012 $327,568 99.1% 66.8% Banning (Phineas) Senior High 134 $53,885 $56,012 $285,449 93.7% 71.1% Taft (William Howard) Senior High 134 $53,957 $56,012 $274,438 53.7% 40.2% Jordan (David Starr) Senior High 96 $53,156 $56,012 $273,010 99.5% 73.4% El Camino Real Senior High 136 $54,065 $56,012 $264,322 33.9% 24.2% Jefferson (Thomas) Senior High 139 $54,202 $56,012 $251,136 99.6% 90.9% King/Drew Medical Magnet High 68 $52,401 $56,012 $246,969 98.6% 59.8% Franklin (Benjamin) Senior High 143 $54,371 $56,012 $233,968 90.2% 80.5% Dorsey (Susan Miller) Senior High 93 $53,790 $56,012 $206,650 98.9% 62.8% Gardena Senior High 138 $54,529 $56,012 $204,526 90.1% 63.6% Cleveland (Grover) High 138 $54,590 $56,012 $196,136 65.3% 68.3% Canoga Park Senior High 99 $54,043 $56,012 $195,671 83.4% 71.9% Verdugo Hills Senior High 90 $53,894 $56,012 $190,148 58.7% 66.2% South Gate Senior High 185 $54,996 $56,012 $187,942 99.2% 77.7% Reseda Senior High 125 $54,833 $56,012 $147,126 74.9% 65.2% Washington (George) Preparatory High 154 $55,206 $56,012 $124,084 99.3% 35.6% Average-LAUSD High Schools 81.0% 63.7%

Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools 51 Table 5B (cont.)

School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent minority Percent poverty salary Minority quartile Minority gap Carson Senior High 134 $55,113 $56,012 $120,467 64.4% 42.6% Van Nuys Senior High 160 $55,260 $56,012 $119,913 67.9% 66.5% Discovery Charter 10 $44,782 $56,012 $112,299 99.0% 51.0% Westchester Senior High 106 $54,973 $56,012 $109,711 89.9% 30.4% Belmont Senior High 211 $55,614 $56,012 $83,878 91.9% 82.1% Kennedy (John F.) High 126 $55,409 $56,012 $76,015 76.2% 51.6% Los Angeles Leadership Academy 14 $50,693 $56,012 $74,457 88.1% 88.0% Fairfax Senior High 128 $55,476 $56,012 $68,398 72.7% 70.1% Lincoln (Abraham) Senior High 128 $55,508 $56,012 $64,513 81.3% 72.9% Francis (John H.) Polytechnic 165 $55,638 $56,012 $61,666 90.9% 86.3% Crenshaw Arts-Technology High 5 $45,184 $56,012 $54,136 100.0% 73.8% Bell Senior High 192 $55,733 $56,012 $53,553 98.6% 93.9% Chatsworth Senior High 120 $55,763 $56,012 $29,777 51.5% 40.4% University Senior High 101 $55,720 $56,012 $29,545 73.4% 43.3% View Park Preparatory Accelerated High 4 $51,070 $56,012 $19,766 100.0% 37.2% North Hollywood Senior High 187 $55,921 $56,012 $17,014 75.8% 72.0% Renaissance Arts Academy 2 $54,759 $56,012 $2,505 75.0% 44.6% Central City Value 5 $58,027 $56,012 $0 98.8% 59.0% Sherman Oaks Ctr. for Enriched Studes 68 $56,192 $56,012 $0 43.9% 40.8% Hollywood Senior High 133 $56,116 $56,012 $0 77.8% 73.7% Narbonne (Nathaniel) Senior High 139 $56,204 $56,012 $0 75.1% 45.8% Roosevelt (Theodore) Senior High 212 $56,173 $56,012 $0 99.2% 77.3% Downtown Business High 47 $56,752 $56,012 $0 79.5% 72.7% Eagle Rock Junior-Senior High 126 $56,327 $56,012 $0 66.1% 56.4% Sylmar Senior High 148 $56,303 $56,012 $0 94.5% 73.4% Venice Senior High 127 $56,592 $56,012 $0 76.3% 57.0% Grant (Ulysses S.) Senior High 125 $56,901 $56,012 $0 61.3% 73.7% Hamilton (Alexander) Senior High 127 $57,025 $56,012 $0 76.0% 42.2% Average-LAUSD High Schools 81.0% 63.7%

52 Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools School Teacher FTEs Estimated average Average Salary Lowest Amount Shorted: Percent minority Percent poverty salary Minority quartile Minority gap Garfield (James A.) Senior High 193 $56,877 $56,012 $0 99.3% 97.6% Huntington Park Senior High 183 $56,980 $56,012 $0 99.3% 91.3% Manual Arts Senior High 162 $57,110 $56,012 $0 99.6% 78.8% Marshall (John) Senior High 199 $56,949 $56,012 $0 68.1% 73.6% Los Angeles Senior High 183 $57,208 $56,012 $0 88.8% 73.0% Granada Hills Charter High 146 $58,061 $56,012 $0 31.7% 26.6% Los Angeles Center for Enriched Studies 64 $60,699 $56,012 $0 53.9% 31.7% San Fernando Senior High 190 $57,613 $56,012 $0 98.5% 91.4% San Pedro Senior High 140 $58,318 $56,012 $0 69.1% 44.6% Bravo (Francisco) Medical Magnet High 67 $61,665 $56,012 $0 61.3% 83.8% Average-LAUSD High Schools 81.0% 63.7%

As Table 5B shows, two-thirds of LAUSD’s high schools (66 percent) have a hidden teacher-spending gap when we compare each school’s spending on teachers to the schools serving the fewest Latino and African-American students. Here the hidden teacher-spending gaps grow even bigger—the impact on a high- minority high school’s budget is as large as $1,129,000 every year. The average teacher salaries in some of LAUSD’s high-minority high schools are more than $12,000 less than some low-minority high schools.

Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools 53 Why Does Any of This Matter? their fields are more effective than those without such grounding. Nevertheless, California’s current teacher compensation The data in this report reveal huge disparities in teacher spending system, with its single salary schedule, does not recognize these and the tremendous impact this has on schools’ budgets. The complexities and is instead based almost exclusively on proxies for teacher-spending gaps are indeed consequential. As described effectiveness, like experience, certification and degrees awarded. in the A Tale of Two Schools section, if Locke High School spent as much as Granada Hills High on teaching, Locke would add A New Look at Teacher Compensation almost $1 million dollars to its budget every year and could most certainly pay for a lot more time for teaching and learning, and There are other, perhaps better, compensation systems that weigh significant improvements in its teaching force and professional results-oriented factors—like impact on student achievement— development. more heavily and ensure teachers are given incentives to teach in needy schools. Cities such as Denver, Chattanooga, Charlotte- But it’s not just the size of the gaps that’s so striking—it’s what Mecklenburg, and districts involved in the Teacher Advancement these spending gaps represent that is so important. A school with Program (TAP) all use data on student achievement as an integral a high average teacher salary indicates that teachers at that school part of their teacher compensation systems and in rewarding are more experienced, have more credentials, higher education effective teaching. levels, and have had more professional development.

In Chattanooga, as a means to address the shortage of experienced Certainly, each of the characteristics that translate into teacher and qualified teachers in high-poverty areas, the district salary dollars doesn’t automatically translate into effectiveness at constructed a compensation system in nine urban elementary raising student achievement. On one hand, both research and schools that rewards teachers and schools for improved student our extensive experience in schools and classrooms have taught performance. Charlotte-Mecklenburg’s new Pay for Performance us that some teachers with little experience are more effective program (piloted in 2004-05) awards all school staff with than some teachers with much experience, just as some teachers significant bonuses if the school meets criteria in three areas— with less education are more effective than some with extensive professional development, attendance, and student achievement. educational credentials. On the other hand, we know that School staffs in Charlotte-Mecklenburg are also eligible for state teachers with experience are generally more effective than those and local “accountability bonuses” when a school meets student who are inexperienced and that those with a strong grounding in

54 Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools achievement and federal “Adequate Yearly Progress” goals. Districts If California’s poor and minority students were provided with the that participate in TAP compensate teachers differentially based on highest quality teaching, and teachers were justly compensated teachers’ roles and responsibilities, the quality of their instruction, for their effectiveness, then not only would achievement gaps and the performance of their students. And, in Denver’s proposed diminish, but the spending gaps illustrated in this report could Professional Compensation System for Teachers (ProComp), the become a thing of the past. goal is to shift teacher compensation from rewarding years of experience to rewarding the achievement of established objectives Are Hidden Gaps Inevitable? (vis-a-vis demonstration of teacher knowledge and skills and Some might suggest that these patterns are inevitable—that improved student performance). Teachers are paid bonuses if they experienced and well-educated teachers will always gravitate work in hard-to-staff schools and if they meet their objectives and toward easier assignments as they gain seniority. But the data tell improve student achievement. 6 a different story. As it turns out, some of the high -poverty and -minority schools in the largest districts defy these trends. In Table These systems do not ignore the significant benefits of credentials and 6 on the following page we provide examples of high-poverty and experience when compensating teachers, but they also compensate high-minority schools where average teacher salaries are higher based on the impact teachers have on student achievement and for than average salaries in the lowest-poverty and lowest-minority extra time spent getting the job done. By contrast, most districts in schools. And in these schools, where a greater investment in California do not offer meaningful incentives for teachers to remain teachers is made, student achievement is higher too. The schools in or transfer to schools with persistently low student achievement. in Table 6 perform significantly better than most other schools in Nor do most school districts in California have the right to assign their districts on the Academic Performance Index. teachers according to students’ needs. This right was bargained away 30 years ago. Instead, teachers pick their assignments based on seniority. As teachers accrue more experience and hone their skills, they take their skills and higher salaries to more affluent schools. These bargains relegate the poorest schools to serve as revolving portals for new teachers to enter the system, learn the craft of teaching in high-poverty schools, and then leave just as they are becoming effective practitioners.

Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools 55 Table 6: Schools That Defy the Trend

School District API Estimated average Est. average salary in Est. average salary in Percent African Percent poverty* salary district’s lowest minority district’s lowest poverty American & Latino* schools schools Cohen (Isador) Elementary Sacramento 794 $57,872 $55,250 $55,075 59.0% 69.2% Northridge Elementary San Juan 746 $69,826 $66,859 $66,976 27.0% 49.6% Reese (David) Elementary Elk Grove 733 $63,082 $60,547 $59,655 50.4% 75.3% Canoas Elementary San Jose 732 $59,742 $58,478 $58,478 73.3% 68.7% Normont Elementary LAUSD 731 $60,597 $55,338 $55,200 94.1% 91.2% Hyatt Elementary Riverside 725 $60,919 $55,571 $56,196 75.5% 72.1% Buchanan Street Elementary LAUSD 721 $59,104 $55,338 $55,200 89.1% 90.5% Howard Elementary Oakland 720 $66,795 $58,269 $56,209 90.9% 78.7% Harvey (Carl) Elementary Santa Ana 720 $60,691 $58,296 $58,515 99.0% 94.7% Glen Alta Elementary LAUSD 719 $55,390 $55,338 $55,200 92.4% 89.0% Cohasset Street Elementary LAUSD 717 $55,899 $55,338 $55,200 90.5% 90.8% Westminster Avenue Elementary LAUSD 716 $54,555 $55,338 $55,200 93.3% 91.2% Bright (Birdielee V) Elementary LAUSD 711 $55,457 $55,338 $55,200 99.6% 94.8% Pasadena Avenue Elementary San Juan 709 $68,621 $66,859 $66,976 29.2% 60.2% Holland Elementary Fresno 708 $63,538 $62,251 $62,517 59.9% 100.0% City Terrace Elementary LAUSD 706 $56,854 $55,338 $55,200 96.1% 96.5% Fenton Avenue Elementary (Char) LAUSD 705 $55,859 $55,338 $55,200 96.1% 90.7% El Dorado Avenue Elementary LAUSD 703 $55,406 $55,338 $55,200 96.4% 96.0% Monte Vista Street Elementary LAUSD 700 $56,098 $55,338 $55,200 94.1% 95.8%

* These schools are considered to be high-poverty and high-minority relative to the demographics of the schools in their district.

56 Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools Hidden Gaps: Affecting Federal is considerable. As the table below shows, the typical school-wide Title I middle school in LAUSD spends $139,635 less on its teachers Dollars, Too. each year than other non-Title I LAUSD middle schools.

The disproportionate allocations shown by the teacher-spending Two big questions that LAUSD has to answer (along with every gaps outlined in this report evidence disturbing disparities in the other school district in California) are: 1) what are the actual way state and local education dollars are spent within LAUSD. teacher salaries at each school (remember, the salary data in this These disparities appear to affect federal education funding as report are estimates, proven estimates to be sure, but estimates well. nevertheless) and 2) is the district drawing down Title I funds based on actual teacher salaries, or district-wide averages of teacher Most of the money for public education in California comes from salaries through the common yet deceptive practice of salary-cost state and local sources, but the federal government also provides averaging? (See For Starters, Report Honestly on page 58.) This is additional resources. Title I is the biggest part of the federal No important because the analysis above indicates that actual teacher Child Left Behind Act (NCLB). Title I sends federal money to salaries are lower in Title I schools. If LAUSD is charging the school districts specifi cally to ensure that students from low-income Title I account for district-wide average teacher salaries, then the families get extra services and support. district is, perhaps unintentionally, siphoning off federal funds for poor students to subsidize higher teacher salaries in more In 2005, $449,935,810 will be allocated to LAUSD through the Title affl uent schools. As Marguerite Roza, Paul Hill, and Larry Miller I program, an increase of $227,605,134 (or 102.6 percent) over the from the University of Washington’s Center on Reinventing Public last four years.1 Education have recently reported, this practice of salary averaging, and consequently the re-direction of Title I dollars to affl uent These funds are intended to supplement state and local education schools, is likely happening in districts across the country.3 dollars that fl ow to low-income students, not supplant them. Before it can receive Title I funds, a school district has to promise that the LAUSD - Average School-wide Salary Gaps: Title I educational opportunities offered in Title I schools are comparable Schools to the services provided in non-Title I schools. But when it comes Elementary Middle High School to what research says matters most—quality teachers—Title I schools in LAUSD spend less per teacher, on average, than non-Title Avg School-wide Salary Gaps $55,648 $139,635 $63,157 I schools in LAUSD—a practice contrary to the expressed intent Avg Teacher-Student Ratio 19.4 23.9 24.7 2 (although, it turns out, not the letter) of the federal law. (v. Non-Title I schools) (v. 19.9) (v. 24.1) (v. 27.3)

The typical middle school receiving school-wide Title I funds in It should be noted that although the teachers in many Title I schools LAUSD spends an estimated $1,605 less on average per teacher are paid less on average in LAUSD, indicating they are newer than a non-Title I middle school. Here too, the impact on schools teachers to the profession with fewer credentials, it appears as

Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unifi ed School District: A Tale of Two Schools 57 Moving Forward Now That The Veil though some of the Title I schools in LAUSD have slightly smaller class sizes. Thus, Title I schools with smaller class sizes might have Has Been Lifted more teachers and consequently a bigger teaching budget overall, even though they spend less per teacher. Put another way, Title For Starters, Report Honestly I schools might have less experienced teachers, but more of them teaching fewer students or serving as resources to the regular classroom teachers. The fi rst step is for districts to reveal their actual teacher salary data. The data in our hidden teacher-spending gap series are reliable estimates, If Title I schools received the full benefi t to which they are employing a sound methodology tested in two urban California districts. entitled under the federal program, they could offer both smaller To be fully accountable, though, districts ought to be honest and report classes and pay higher salaries to more experienced and qualifi ed teachers, or they might use the additional funds to offer more the real data. This kind of honesty and accountability is exactly what support to teachers and students. was promised when School Accountability Report Cards (SARCs) were created.7 But state reporting guidelines actually undermine truthful 1 U.S. Department of Education, 2005 – These allocations are not the fi nal amounts received by school districts due to state-level adjustments to Federal reporting and accountability. Title 1 allocations. 2 As discussed in this sidebar, hidden teacher-spending gaps between school- wide Title I schools and non-Title I schools seemingly violate the spirit and Today, when districts, under the direction of the California Department intent of Title I. But loopholes in the statutory language of Title I actually allow of Education, report teacher salaries on the SARCs and elsewhere, they these patterns to persist because they exempt salary differentials based on years provide the district average pay range instead of the school-level salary of employment as a factor in determining whether services provided to Title I schools are indeed “comparable.” So essentially, the existence of a hidden teacher- averages.8 Reporting district average salaries allows for state, local, and spending gap is irrelevant in determining whether services to Title I schools are federal education dollars to be diverted away from low-income and high- comparable. As Marguerite Roza recently described in Strengthening Title I to Help High-Poverty Schools (August 2005), this exemption “endorses the practices minority schools. Look at it this way: If as this report shows, a high- that permit the inherently unequal distribution of teachers.” poverty and high-minority school employs teachers that are paid much 3 Roza, M., Miller, L., and Hill, P., “Strengthening Title I to Help High-Poverty Schools: How Title I Funds Fit Into District Allocation Patterns,” August, 2005. less than other teachers in the district, the actual amount of state and federal dollars spent in that school are likely to be much less than the district averages California reports to the public, and also possibly to the federal government, when reporting use of Title I funds. [See Side Bar titled Hidden Gaps Affecting Federal Dollars, Too.]

58 Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unifi ed School District: A Tale of Two Schools We have to get honest with the public about which schools get the meantime, district leaders can easily upload their actual teacher most money and which schools get the least, and we must ensure salary data to a new website we’ve created at www.hiddengap.org, that state, local and federal dollars are spent in the way they were which will make this data available to the general public. intended. Luckily, efforts are underway to do just that. Even if districts are unwilling to provide data about school level teacher There is a movement afoot in California and in our nation’s salary spending, parents, students and community members will capital to compel states and schools to reveal hidden teacher- organize and demand it. And once they have the data, communities spending gaps and stop the deceptive practice of salary-cost will use it to push for equitable educational opportunities for all averaging. In California, stemming from our February California’s students. Coalitions among groups such as EdVoice, PICO California, Hidden Teacher-Spending Gap report, the State Legislature, led by Public Advocates, and the Ed Trust—West have already joined to Senator Joe Simitian (D–Palo Alto), is moving toward requiring push for public reporting of actual school-level teacher salaries. And all California districts to report actual school-level teacher salary community advocates, like those in Long Beach, have started to use data with SB 687. the teacher salary gap data to push for more equitable allocations of resources (see sidebar of press account Rally Seeks More on page 61).

Parents in struggling schools are tired of hearing that school districts On Capitol Hill, the Subcommittee on Labor, Health and Human have tried everything to help their children. What about doing what Services, and Education, citing our February report, has urged the research says makes the biggest difference for struggling students: the U.S. Secretary of Education, Margaret Spellings, to “determine attract, support, and retain the most effective teachers for the students how many states are using [salary-cost averaging], ascertain what that need them the most? effects the practice may have on Title I grants, and work with states to adopt data-collection policies that will make school-level We Can’t Stop at Truthful Reporting teacher salary data publicly available and to analyze and report on the factors that contribute to the teacher-spending gap, such Honest reporting is not enough, however. The next step is to as personnel and budgeting practices, in order to close the gap in understand what factors contribute to—and perpetuate—the hidden 9 teacher spending and quality within school districts.” teacher-spending gaps and inequitable distribution of teachers between high- and low-poverty and high- and low-minority schools, But districts shouldn’t wait until they are required by new laws and to remedy the inequities. to provide this important information to the public. In the

Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools 59 For more than 30 years, several factors including district policies, research university. That’s got to change. More money would teacher contracts, school conditions and state and district budgeting help. Performance-based salary would help. Rewards from the and reporting practices, have combined to create a sense of inevitability community to teachers willing to teach in the most challenging about the patterns of teacher distribution, as if there is nothing that circumstances would help. But in the end, action needs to can be done about it. But we know this sense of intractability can be come from teachers themselves—from leaders in the profession, overcome. Policymakers, district leaders, teachers, school leaders, including National Board certified teachers—stepping forward parents and community advocates can all take important roles. to teach where they are most needed, and in doing so, restoring a sense of honor to those that do our most important work. • Role for district and school leaders, teacher unions, parents and community advocates: These stakeholders need to get together, analyze local data, figure out what’s causing the hidden teacher- spending gaps and gaps in access to highly effective teachers and confront the problems head on—even if that means changing long- standing tenets in collective bargaining agreements and district practices that are harmful to poor kids and kids of color. • Role for state policymakers: Our state’s leaders need to boldly analyze statewide patterns of teacher distribution and spending, identify ways state policies impede progress, create an alternative salary schedule that rewards effectiveness and level of challenge, and create incentive funds for districts aggressively tackling these problems.

And there are also important roles for teachers themselves. For years, there has been a status hierarchy within the teaching profession where status came not from how good a teacher was, but from how elite the kids were that she’s teaching. This is true not in just K- 12, but in higher education as well where even the best professor in a community college has less status than the worst professor in a

60 Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools Press-Telegram May 18, 2005

Rally seeks more for Cabrillo Group of parents, students push for greater resources; district disputes claims.

By Kristopher Hanson affl uent communities. The report, Staff writer prepared by Education Trust-West, said teachers at Cabrillo earn up to LONG BEACH — Students and $4,000 less annually than teachers parents Wednesday pleaded for at schools in Lakewood and East the school district to provide more Long Beach. textbooks, learning materials, and experienced teachers at Cabrillo “Schools in lower-income High during a community forum communities of color, like Cabrillo, in West Long Beach. don’t have the resources of more affl uent areas, like East Long Beach, The rally was organized in response and this can affect the ability of to a recent report by a nonprofi t students to succeed,” said Jeremy group that showed students in Lahoud of Californians for Justice, communities with mostly minority a nonprofi t group of students and students across California receive parents. “We’re talking about fewer resources and are staffed things like textbooks, learning by less-experienced teachers than materials and (experienced) schools in more teachers…”

Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unifi ed School District: A Tale of Two Schools 61 Footnotes Mecklenburg’s teacher compensation programs, visit http://www. wcer.wisc.edu/cpre/tcomp/state/state.asp?id=79 and http://www. 1 See, e.g. the landmark settlement in the litigation of Eliezer cms.k12.nc.us/departments/HR/recruitment.asp. See also, www. Williams v. State of California settled in March 2005. theteachingcommission.org. 2 See for example, Sanders, W.L., and Rivers, J.C., Cumulative 7 School Accountability Report Cards were developed and passed and Residual Effects of Teachers on Future Student Academic into law as part of Proposition 98 in 1988. One result of the Achievement, University of Tennessee Value-Added Research law was to provide easily accessible information to parents and and Assessment Center, 1996; Rivkin, S.G. Hanushek, E.A. and community members, at least with respect to student achievement Kain, J.F., Teachers, Schools and Academic Achievement, University data. But the actual intent of publishing the data was “to ensure of Texas, Dallas Texas Schools Project, 2002; Esch, C. E., Chang- that our schools spend money where it is most needed.” To that Ross, C. M., Guha, R., Tiffany-Morales, J., & Shields, P.M. (2004); end, the Act required “every local school board to prepare a School California’s teaching force 2004: Key issues and trends. Santa Cruz, Accountability Report Card (SARC) to guarantee accountability CA: The Center for the Future of Teaching and Learning. for the dollars spent.” - Proposition 98, Section 2 (e). 3 Ibid. See also, Ingersoll, The Problem of Underqualified 8 California Department of Education, SARC Data Element Teachers in American Secondary Schools Educational Researcher, Definitions and Sources 2004-05 (http://www.cde.ca.gov/ta/ac/ Vol. 28, No 2 (March 1999); National Commission on Teaching sa/definitions05.asp). and America’s Future, What Matters Most: Teaching for America’s 9 Language in FY 2006 Labor, Health and Human Services, and Future (1996). Education Federal Appropriations Bill (HR 3010; House Report 4 Esch et al., 2004 and California’s Approach to Math Instruction 109-143). Doesn’t Add Up, Santa Cruz, CA: Center for the Future of Teaching and Learning, April 2005. 5 Ed-Data, http://www.ed-data.k12.ca.us. 6 For more information on the Chattanooga Benwood Initiative, visit their Web site: http://www.pefchattanooga.org/www/docs/1/ benwood/. For more information on the Teacher Advancement Program, visit http://www.mff.org/tap/tap.taf?page=faqs. For more information on Denver’s ProComp program, visit http:// denverprocomp.org/. For more information on Charlotte-

62 Hidden Teacher-Spending Gaps in Los Angeles Unified School District: A Tale of Two Schools About the Education Trust—West

The Education Trust—West is the West Coast presence of the national policy organization the Education Trust. We work for the high academic achievement of all students at all levels, kindergarten through college. While we know that all schools and colleges could better serve their students, we concentrate on the institutions most often left behind—those serving low- income, Latino, African American or Native American students. The Education Trust—West works alongside policymakers, parents, education professionals and business and community leaders, in cities and towns throughout California, who are trying to transform their schools and colleges into institutions that genuinely serve all students.

The publication and release of this study was made possible in part by a generous grant from The Broad Foundation.

The Broad Foundation is a Los Angeles-based venture philanthropic organization established in 1999 by Eli and Edythe Broad. The Foundation’s mission is to dramatically improve K-12 urban public education through better governance, management, labor relations and competition. The Broad Foundation’s Internet address is www.broadfoundation.org. 155 Grand Avenue, Suite 1025 For more information, or to download Oakland, CA 94612 additional copies of this report, visit Phone : 510.465.6444 www.HiddenGap.org Fax : 510.465.0859 Web : www.edtrustwest.org