Tupper Seminar Bambi Seminar Arrivals
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85Th Anniversary BCI
85th Anniversary BCI HISTORY AND RESEARCH stri.si.edu STRI’S MISSION “To increase understanding of the past, present and future of tropical life and its relevance to human welfare” arro Colorado Island (or “BCI”) was created when the rising waters of Gatun Lake separated it from the mainland following the completion of the Panama Canal in 1914. Its value lies, in part, on the length of time this forested island has been under continuous study. Past research has built a foundation for modern studies. History has made BCI what it is today. BEntomologist James Zetek was the first to recognize the island’s scientific potential. After securing permission from the Panama Canal authorities, Zetek built a small frame laboratory and began studying the forest in the surrounding area. He was joined at first by mostly amateur naturalists, followed by professionals shortly thereafter. The island quickly became recognized as a reputable field station. In 1923 all of Barro Colorado Island’s 3,609 acres (1,500 hectares) were named an official nature preserve for scientific use by the U S Canal Zone Governor, Jay Morrow. One year later the reserve was opened as the Barro Colorado Island Biological Laboratory, privately run by the Institute for Research in Tropical America and privately funded by Thomas Barbour and other wealthy benefactors from the United States, some of whom used the facility. In 1940 the U.S. Congress placed the island under federal control and renamed it the Canal Zone Biological Area (CZBA).In 1946 the CZBA was turned over to the Smithsonian Institution. -
The Field and Laboratory Methods and Practice of the Animal Behaviour Research Group Under Nikolaas Tinbergen at Oxford University
Tinbergian Practice, themes and variations: the field and laboratory methods and practice of the Animal Behaviour Research Group under Nikolaas Tinbergen at Oxford University. Graeme Robert Beale Ph.D. Thesis The University of Edinburgh, 2008 I confirm that the content of this thesis is entirely my own work, and that all sources, quotations and pictures have been acknowledged and referenced. (Graeme Beale) 26th April 2009. Graeme Beale, 05/04/09 Table of Contents Acknowledgements.......................................................................................................2 Abstract.........................................................................................................................4 Introduction to the thesis...............................................................................................5 Section 1: Tinbergen, man, and animal observer..................................................... 7 Section 1.1 Tinbergen's pre–Oxford Studies....................................................... 8 Section 2: Notes on reading Tinbergen’s fieldnotes...............................................14 Section 3: Selected literature review......................................................................16 Section 3.1 Burkhardt and Ethology from Evolution to Ecologies...................17 Section 3.2 Laboratory and Field...................................................................... 19 Section 3.3 Research Schools and Ethology..................................................... 21 Section 3.4 Ethology -
In Memoriam: Martin Humphrey Moynihan, 1928-1996
In Memoriam TheAuk 115(3):755-758, 1998 IN MEMORIAM: MARTIN HUMPHREY MOYNIHAN, 1928-1996 NEAL GRIFFITH SMITH SmithsonianTropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancon, Panama Martin Moynihandied of lung canceron 3 ritualization and causation all received his at- December1996 at a hospitalnear his farm at tention,through the gulls.From the first gull Albi, France. He was a former director of the paperscame his highly distinctive, boldly orig- Canal Zone Biological Area/Smithsonian inal, black-and-whiteink depictionsof dis- TropicalResearch Institute (STRI) and one of playsthat were as much a Moynihantrademark the mostinfluential figures in behavioralevo- aswere the originalideas expressed in his pa- lutionarybiology, particularly with tropicalor- pers (see Figs. 1 and 2). All of Moynihan's ganisms.He joined the AOU in 1954,became booksand papersare full of thesewonderfully an Elective Member in 1959, and a Fellow in strangerepresentations of form and flow of be- 1966. haviorin birds,primates, and cephalopods! Martin wasborn on 5 February1928 in Chi- After Oxford, Martin entered into a series of cago,Illinois. As a youthhe traveledwidely in postdoctoralswhich, while basedat Harvard Europewith his motherand considered French and Cornell,allowed him to traveland pull the his co-nativetongue. His secondaryeducation gull businesstogether, which he did in his re- was at HoraceMann Schoolin New YorkCity, visionof the Laridae.Ernst Mayr, CharlesSib- where at 15 he became interested in birds at the ley, and EugeneEisenmann were his friends American Museum of Natural History and and advisers. All three claimed to have been within two yearshad metErnst Mayr, the piv- solelyresponsible for the Smithsonian'shiring otal figure in his development.Mayr took on of that youngbehaviorist as ResidentNatural- Martin and the resultwas his first paperat age ist of Barro Colorado Island in the then Canal 18. -
By the 1960S Many Biologists Affiliated with North American Institu
The Americas 58:4 April 2002, 537-575 Copyright by the Academy of American Franciscan History AT HOME IN THE FIELD: SMITHSONIAN TROPICAL SCIENCE FIELD STATIONS IN THE U. S. PANAMA CANAL ZONE AND THE REPUBLIC OF PANAMA* y the 1960s many biologists affiliated with North American institu- tions were intent upon establishing a new kind of field station within Btropical America. Conditions at such new stations contrasted with those at tropical medicine research centers, commodity-oriented agricultural research stations like those run by the United Fruit Company, or established botanical centers such as the Atkins Garden and Research Laboratory in Cuba.1 Absent were the arboreta, the crop demonstration plots, full-scale expa- triate residences and most home comforts. Absent too were the nearby planta- tions served by the economic botany practiced at the agricultural stations. Location, in isolation, was everything. Convenient daily access to remote and relatively undisturbed tropical environments was essential to the scien- tific undertaking of these new stations. In the 1953 first edition of his pio- neering ecology textbook, Eugene P. Odum had written, “Field work is the * The author thanks the Smithsonian Institution for supporting this research through a Smithsonian postdoctoral fellowship and a STRI research grant. Thanks also to the many Smithsonian personnel in Washington, D.C., and Panama who have facilitated this research, especially at the Smithsonian Institu- tion Archives and at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. Special thanks to Marshall Eakin, Judith Ewell, Pamela Henson, and Peter Leimgruber for their very helpful comments on earlier drafts, and to those who commented on related draft papers at an Autumn, 1997, History of Science, Medicine & Technology Department Colloquium at The Johns Hopkins University, at a Smithsonian Institution Archives Research in Progress in Spring 1998, and at the Program on Tropical Science Roundtable lec- ture, “Natural Places, Unnatural Ideas?” organized by Hope Hollocher and Ben A.