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The tudeE Magazine: 1883-1957 John R. Dover Memorial Library

5-1-1928 Volume 46, Number 05 (May 1928) James Francis Cooke

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Recommended Citation Cooke, James Francis. "Volume 46, Number 05 (May 1928)." , (1928). https://digitalcommons.gardner-webb.edu/etude/756

This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the John R. Dover Memorial Library at Digital Commons @ Gardner-Webb University. It has been accepted for inclusion in The tudeE Magazine: 1883-1957 by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Gardner-Webb University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. r The Journal of the zJhfCusical Home Everywhere THE ETUDE ^ETVBEmaVaV,^ A MONTHLY JOURNAL FOR THE MUSI¬ !7]Slpted Song (Composers Whose Works £Merit Inspection CIAN, THE MUSIC STUDENT AND rugSay.H CanS «|f2’^EditcD! ^DWARD^SWaRTHHIPSHER Presenting a Wide Variety of Songs for Concert, Home and Studio Use

BURLEIGH * !"♦ The range of. each song is indicated with smalle and * TROYER capital letters. The first letter is the lowest note in CARLOS TROYER, a native of the song and the second letter is the highest note. A Germany, was born in January, _. distinguished composer and dean small letter tells that the note is below or above the 1837, but we present him here because of American Negro Musicians, was born staff and the CAPITAL letter tells that it is on a many of his best works were done in in Erie, Pa., where he received his early line or in a space within the staff. this country. , , , . ==? education. As a child he was placed under the His professional career began as a best of musical instruction and at eleven soloist in the Churches and Synagogue he toured Germany, Austria and Holland in Erie, where he sang until 1892 when he Harry Thacker. -AMBROSE .—" as a violin prodigy. He refused a pro¬ went to New York to accept a scholar- uurleigh fessorship at the conservatories of Stuttgart and Fran™« ship at the National Conservatory of Music, where he in order to satisfy his inclination to travel—a pastime became a protege of Dvorak. which led him to America and which eventually placed him in a position to accomplish his greatest works, namely, the development of the songs of the American Indians. and became well His experience with the Inca tribe and later with the prominent Music Zuni Indiana inspired him to numerous distinctive song compositions, which were developed from Indian themes. tinctly his own—the melodious folk songs of his o Schools in and around New York. In addition to many other compositions the contri¬ people in the light of their whole pathetic history, a butions which he has made to civilisation regarding these revealed by one of their own blood and sympathy. As a composer he has written much in interesting people of North and South Amenca are lnvalu- JUST BECAUSE the line of songs, in¬ able and have formed a notable addition to Musical Litera- By H. T. Burleigh strumental works, No. 12244 (High Voice) Gr. 3 Price, 50 cent an authority on mu¬ sical history as well and some of the prod¬ INVOCATION TO THE SUN-GOD as theory and har¬ ucts of his pen have mony, having spent been republished in By Carlos Troyer some years in lectur¬ Europe, in addition Nq, 9786 Gr. 4 Price, 35 cents ing at several of the “ to having wide-

LOVER’S WOOING or BLANKET SONG JEAN O, MASTER LET ME WALK WITH THEE By Carlos Troyer By H. T. Burleigh By Paul Ambrose No. 9787 Gr. 3 Price, 40 cents No. 12242 (Medium Voice) Gr. 3 Price, 50 ce No. 18475 (High Voice) Gr. 3 Price, 40 cents

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THEODORE PRESSER CO., Music ‘Dealers and Publishers MAY 1928 Page 839 THE ETUDE Page 888 MAY 1928 THE ETUDE

I IK RE IS THE LATEST LOT OF SUMMY’S CORNER THEODORE PRESSER CO.’S Qan Tou T5ell? — THE SUMMY “EDITION”! Whenever you see the familiar gray-green THE ETUDE MUSIC MAGAZINE cover of the SUMMY “EDITION,” you know you are in contact with music ■*- NEW MUSIC -* Founded by Theodore Presser, which was composed and published for those who are satisfied only with -the >rkers demand “Music for Everybody ” 1. Who wrote the words of America? best. ...-an ucw additions to the I'resser Catalog because of the valuable 2. What is a Pastorale? You can be sure when you buy music in the SUMMY “EDITION,” you g music that reflects MODERN IDEALS and conforms to MODERN fufgm1'ten?aI0coveringinafr"tcin8 an?ity^'f „.e buying t- 3. Where and when was the first song recital given in America? TEACHING METHODS. Examination Privilegtf Cheerfully Exien ded ALBERT- 4. Who composed the oratorio, Creation f 5. For what is each of the following musical artists famous: FRANCES TERRY Cat K PIANO SOLOS Contents for May, 1928 ' (a) Rosa Ponselle; (b) Paderewski; (c) Kreisler? has some of her outstanding Educational Works for Piano published i „ CARSE, ADAM World of Music . 337 SUMMY “EDITION.” 4083 CHUT Can You Tell?—Quiz . 339 6. In what opera was the song, O Promise Me, introduced to 24080 Twilight Reverie . Musician and Fly .s. O. Artelt 339 combs:: display the talent of a popular singer ? Her Latest Work ! Another New Work! 24045 K?L(In1eDr^z„) Maxims for Piano Student .J. C. Langley 339 Hour Lessons? .s. A. Hanson 339 wsmsss 7. Who wrote the well-known piano piece, Last Hope? FIFTEEN INTERMEDIATE SIXTEEN SPRIGHTLY 24032 SSSX Musical Education in the Home.M. W. Ross 341 STUDIES STUDIES Questions and Answers .A. de Ouichard 349 8. What is the English equivalent of “Der Frcisclmtz” and :4091 (3rd Grade. Price, $1.00.) Po&Lvhe..c The Musical Home Reading Table .I. S. Qarbetl 351 GUICHARD' who composed this opera? (4th Grade. Price, $1.00) MUSICOLOGIST.LECTURER, 170 llu..li..Ki Short Studies that are adapted to develop Editorials . 353 These Studies uni technical facility and also delicacy of touch. ‘Napoli E’ Una Canzone” ./. p. Cooke 355 9. Who wrote Aloha Oe (Farewell to Thee), the popular Their musical attractiveness contributes to 24015 Va^NSTlZh„„^HARD 4 Ethics in Musical Profession .H. Witherspoon 357 MOULTON :r Hawaiian song? their value. LLLER. (Summy “Edition” No. 129) 2408! S^I°bW^T"V/ Ihe Fifth Finger../f. j Carver 358 Tinker’s Dance, The!'' 2v Cinderella at the Piano .IF. Benbow 359 Two Country Dances by NEW YORK -»*J£ 10. Identify the following theme: a favorite English com- Etching, Johannes Brahms .,y. Bauer 360 One Hour at the Piano.p Berger 301 RIBIOLLET, EDMOND Orchestral Innovations .//. E. Elverson 362 NORMAL.S 24031 Dream of Youth, Valse- A Standard Teaching Work! netting Right Number of Notes.E. H. Pierce 362 TURN TO PAGE 419 AND CHECK UP YOUR ANSWERS. A Favorite Teaching Work ! STANFORD, C. V. 4 Iieading Chords Simplified .S. Weinstein 362 LEARNING HOW TO PLAY 24068 Morris Dance . 1 y Keeping Right .ff. F. Rubio 362 INSTRUCTION, EI.KMF\TA»v ...... Save theae questions and answers as they appear in each issue of Thb Etude Music Maoazinb month FIRST STUDIES IN STYLE after month, and you will have 6ne entertainment material when you are host to a group of music loving (Adv. lst-2nd Grade. Price, $0.75) Practical Memorizing .IF. L. Clark 362 friends. Teachers can make a scrap book of them for the benefit of early pupils or others who sit by the (Adv. 2nd-3rd Grade. Price, $0.75) SIX SKETCHES When that critical time comes that the Self-Help m Modern Pedaling./->. M. P. Ornslein 363 PI«0«Qte8®J» reception room reading table. Twelve Little Pieces Without Names. pupil needs a real piece to play, these six For the Pianoforte Through the influence of delightful melodies Romance of the Dot . Q A Harris 365 and short forms the technic of this grade pieces with suggestive titles perform an im¬ By C. V. STANFORD Memorizing by Strategy.'.'.'.Vi It. d. Kyle 360 portant part in early education. Adapted RAPISARDA may be advanced thoroughly and crea- also to the older beginner. Grade 2'A Young leather s Instruction Books.... A. M. Linglebacli 306 24084 Bourree ‘ «n or piano schooling Proctor Hldg.f Mount'Verm*!? "v- !>& ^ (Sunrmy “Edition” No. 104) (Summy "Edition” No. 95) 24085 Dolls' Minuet. Master Discs .P. H. Reed 366 Telephone Oakwood 7635. * nt vernon. N Y. 24086 Gavotte ... Rand and Orchestra Department.V. J. Orabel 367 24087 The Bogey-Man ..... The VYCusician and the Fly 24088 The Gollywog’s Dance School Music Department .(7. L. Lindsay 368 RIESBERG i CLAYTON F. SUMMY CO., Publishers I 24089 Hop-Jig Rondo . Teachers’ Round Table. n (1 Hamilton naa By S. G. Artelt Shall Johnny “Take” Violin or Piano?...... H. Stoddard 370 429 South Wabash Avenue Chicago, Illinois PIANO STUDIES Educational Study Notes ./•;. A. Barrel! 387 Henry T. Finck’s “The Golden Age of lively disposition, and “when things went Upon request we will he glad ti Singers Etude . a88 21067 S2I0s'4EE° Music” is full of interesting things, in¬ well, as they often did, he enjoyed life f*r Piano, for the young beginner, Words and Singing. " r r, Elizabeth Martin. VSAr;:,, cluding a warm eulogy of Theodore hugely.” Finck continues, “I remember Organist’s Etude . )? ™ .(MuSieY°Ma8steryPlayseerrS ana reader w.m Scharwenta, O'ie^aim'^Yum.iT. Thomas who did so much splendid pioneer seeing him try to climb a lamp-post Organ and Choir Questions Answered ... H S Fry 3<)-> work for symphonic music in America. (Wagner used to stand on his head) long FOUR HANDS ZTJ{ ;U„qUirin« Piano Pui>ils.F. A. Leonhard 392 Superficial Practicing .y[rs y L(e m Thomas, however, had enemies as well as after midnight. And with what zest he used to relate funny incidents! Let me America’s First Chopin Memorial . ,qq*> .,l..1°.-aTAW WORMAL eCHOOL0"1 lu friends. Violinist’s Etude ...72. Braine m “He was often treated (by the critics) close with one of these. with downright ferocity,” says Finck. He “At a rehearsal the chief trombonist ) 10 m Questions Answered ./f. Braine 396 in wvMC*ls Success ...... ff b. O'Connell 399 VIRGIL tells us also that “When Thomas brought (who was near-sighted) startled Thomas SIX HANDS Playing by Ear May be a Fault.0. Knet-aer 399 __SOUTHERN his admirable Chicago Orchestra to New by hurling out a tone horribly out of New Musical Works Reviewed. ? ™ York it proved a tremendous success, fi¬ harmony. '64 S?rfTSesMth^ Pa. Junior Etude . F Art in- rade ..“ 3 nancial as well as artistic—a success which “ ‘What on earth are you doing?’ yelled Jumor Educational Study Notes . E ] Barrel! tin CONVERSE COLLEGESSK- I recorded glowingly. But a certain set of Thomas. PIPE ORGAN Answers to "Can You Tell?” ...... 00 LIEURANCE, thurlow critics fell on him like a pack of wolves.” “ ‘Excuse me!’ the player begged. ‘I Znu08 . By the Campfire. oowoyr : ■ But in spite of attacks and disappoint¬ didn’t have on my spectacles. A fly sat 24006 Ghost Pipes MUSIC Mas. JPD8Q.V Rqbinsqs’ 07 Owl Hoots on a Tee-Pee ments, Theodore Thomas possessed a down among my notes and I played himl’" ^^Pole, The ...... Fascinating Pieces for the Musical Home of popjfr InTan'sougt a iP£DJ»HjcOLLEGE BAND s I«e. In the hentt of the Shenandoah VaHey!*“““bl'' Maxims for Pianoforte Students , SOUSA, J. P. S3 Magna Charta March... By J. C. Langley ( lassie Modern and Contemporary Master Works WESTERN ANTHEMS free „„„„ COLBORN, ARTHUR G 1. I must come to the piano with over the music and give them their due 20776 Bread of Heaven.. mind. observance. DICKS, ERNEST A. Ecossaises ...... Tv'Ynfi tt I «v./ol Day Thou Gavest, The. ' 2. I must let come first in my 5. When studying a new piece I must playing, for music without time is music ' 20777 Cs™ES omit the easy bars and practice only the Wondrous Cross without sense. difficult ones. Perfection in all parts is ^WRENCE, MAY F. Outstanding Vocal and Instrumental Novelties Teachers' '“' 7 a2?a lS«‘rPfetlvely. , ) 3. I must have my fingers, wrists and then obtained. Ills. (Suburb of Chicago.) **•’ *»»»„, arms relaxed. (To practice relaxation, do ats ssfiw p.) v.-.v.v.v.ViSSs s the following exercise: stand erect with 6. I must often practice slowly. Slow PART SONGS CHICAGO^^^p^ the left arm horizontal. Bring the right practice is sure practice, for errors are not Mixed Voices then so likely to creep in. BIZET—FELTON hand down smartly on the ieft knuckles. 20796 Toreador Song “Car- This will cause the left arm to swing limp¬ 7. I must often practice separate hands, jSSfaas io^i'zz:::Yj.TSS S CINCMti^^ DICKS, ERNEST A ' Delightful Pieces for Junior Etude Readers ly to the side of the body, as if dead. It beginning with the left hand, giving it the 20782 Pedlar, The ...... is relaxed.) most attention and never allowing it to Treble Voices DETROIT^^^ 4. I must understand all the Italian slip a note. PITCHER, RICHARD J. words, letters and signs which are printed 8. I must frankly criticize all my efforts. 20767 Song of the Streamlet, The (2 Part) . 20783 L2L*™SaYie,?Et*R(T 20784 Meadows (2 Part)..? a::::::::::::::^ZZ S The Matter of Hour Lessons ‘ l\Vest, The""! Part) FavoriteSongs of the People By Sarah A. Hanson SCHOOL CHORUS A The half-hour lesson, or one only good for one who can absorb much and nuhtfrulr6 ?ead%r’>, 0uide which u t0 i>e found slightly longer, is satisfactory for most who is ahead of the average pupil, as well w&nnt nYf f. ?npAe\ of previous issues may be , ’ Q°z^rial pupils. They do not then tire, and all the as for him who is preparing to teach and THEODORE PRESSER CO. practice necessary can be got into that that hour. Mai! Order Supply House for period. Also it is easier on the teacher. These are exceptional instances, however. Everything m Music Publications For a backward pupil the hour lesson For the average pupil the half-hour is 1712-1714 ChestnutSt., Phila., Pa 1712 17^^?D0‘RB PRESSER CO. may be more advantageous, it being then must crowd in as much as possible during 1712-1714 Cliesthut St. Phill in the nature of practice-work. Also it is sufficient. Please mention THE ETUDE w Everything in Music Publications © 1928 WurlitZCT

J THE Page SJfi MAY 1928 MAY 1928 Page Slil THE ETUDE

Play in Public Yourself? Teach Others to Play? DO YOU Play for Your Own Pleasure ? _IF _ YOU DO The volumes in the “Whole World” Music Series are designed so as to be equally useful to professionals, teach^, students and amateur music lovers. Each collection comprises 256 or more pages of the finest musical material, well pnn bound. Be sure to look over the title-pages reproduced below, and send for the complete cataiogu . • « . r>-_ Piano Duets

Planning the Vacatiok Period for Profit Double Your Hourly Income

ITH THE passing of another and have mailed you the list of material W requested. See answer to Mrs. S. Cotton¬ with “Melody Way” Modern Opera Children’s Piano Children’s Songs Grand Operas Light Operas month school will be dismissed and every mother will face a long wood, California, in this department, in vacation period with her brood of high- the April, 1928, issue of The Etude, and to spirited, restless youngsters released from Mrs. P. C., this issue. Teach 10 Pupils at Once .a regular time-filled routine, either to find Mrs. R. M. M., Cedar Rapids, Iowa. If you will refer to the answer to Mrs. S. entertainment and occupation in the home Cottonwood, California, in the April, 1928, or to become a nuisance in the neighbor¬ issue, you will get the information you re¬ Hundreds of teachers throughout America have increased hood. quested. I have mailed you a list of the their incomes by adopting Melody Way. One teacher in The wise mother will begin now to plan material you will need. Massachusetts has 247 Melody Way pupils; an Iowa teacher this vacation period for profit. There is Mrs. E. F., Oakland, California. Good reports an enrollment of 100; an Oklahoma teacher has sev¬ no better time for music study, from the titles on general pedagogy are “Principles beginning lessons to the virtuosi class. In of Teaching,” Thorndyke and “How to eral children’s classes and an adult class as well. All these nearly every instance where a child rises Teach,” Strayer and Norswdrthy. Relat¬ teachers, and many others, have increased their incomes far above mediocrity in pursuit of music there ing especially to the pedagogy of the piano beyond their expectations. The Miessner Institute will help Standard Violin has been careful preparation and wise plan¬ is “Elementary Piano Pedagogy,” Macklin. Light Violin Modern Violin you do the same thing. We furnish complete instructions ning by the parents. True, in a few iso¬ Another good book for your special pur¬ lated cases pronounced success has come pose is “Psychology for the Music for organizing, building up, and teaching Melody Way in the face of neglect and even opposition Teacher,” Walter Swisher. All of these classes.' You will find Melody Way classes fascinating as on the part of the parents. But it is only books may tie obtained through the Theo¬ well as profitable. where unquenchable genius has burned. dore Presser Company Service Depart- The average child, if he attains any de¬ cided success, needs someone continually Mrs. P. C., Oklahoma. Four years of age Plan Now for this Summer at his side, planning his work and spur¬ is too young for beginning music lessons. If you are going to teach this summer, you can make the ring him on. Notable achievement seldom The only training you should give such attends the child who grows up habitually tiny tots is to havfe them sing with you season more profitable by teaching Melody Way classes. wasting the vacation period. the songs especially prepared >for them Miessner Institute Helps will enable you to start in a short For the younger children no better sea¬ and to drill them in rhythmics, such as time. You can still get the necessary training by enrolling marching, skipping and hand-clapping to son can be selected for beginning work. now for our correspondence course. The days are long, and because of the heat a variety of . If there is no one teaching the kindergarten method in your But if you are going away to study this summer, why not Violin Songs Violin Operas Organ Music they must stay indoors a good part of the Musical Comedy town, and, as you state, several other plan to study the modern Melody Way methods at the same time. They may be put at musical play¬ mothers are interested, I should think, games, rhythmical exercises, hand and time? The demand for trained teachers is growing every with your musical training, you could year. Mr. Miessner will conduct Normal Melody Way finger drill—and thus acquire the funda¬ gather these tiny tots together and let mentals while they are occupied in a them play at music. I do not know how courses at the Summer Master School of the Chicago Musi¬ happy, interesting way. extensively you can go into the equip¬ cal College for a term of six weeks, beginning June 25th. For the older children vacations spent in ment but you should provide yourself By a small investment of time and money in this course now, the summer camps that feature music with charts, games and early song books, volt can increase your income throughout your teaching study as a regular curriculum are ideal. and teach the fundamentals in this way. For such an environment gives the spur Arrange a toy symphony. The children career. of competition, the companionship of those love this and it is fine rhythmic train¬ in a like occupation and the advantage of ing. Give them hand and finger drill on ensemble practice which is the best drill the top of a table, being especially diligent in music study. that you do not strain and stiffen the Miessner Institute of Music tender muscles. The two dangerous fea¬ 441 Broadway, Milwaukee, Wisconsin Concert Songs Good Sportsmanship tures that are ever-present in too early Home Songs piano work is the stiffening of the muscles Universal Album This “Whole World” I' N ALL OF these camps there is theand an awakening of a distaste for the Write for the new Melody Way booklet. It tells yon how regular routine of healthful exercise subject if it is presented in the form of teachers everywhere are increasing their incomes with Melody Way classes. Mail the coupon today. Catalogue Is Sent Free carefully supervised and shared with oth¬ hard, uninteresting discipline. ers so as to insure its attractiveness and Correction. This department was guilty to every music lover in the United take away all semblance of duty. This States (not in Canada) on re¬ of a grave error in the February number. quest. It is an intensely interest¬ life, lived in terms of regular hours and Because our own birthday comes in this ing booklet, profusely illustrated, ■ systematically planned schedules, has the “month of genius” we tried to claim as Miessner Institute of Music, containing the titles, descriptions added advantage of a drill in good sports¬ many distinguished names as possible and 441 Broadway, and complete contents of all the manship necessitated by daily contact erroneously included that of Woodrow Milwaukee, Wisconsin books listed above. Mail us a post¬ with the same people in isolated camp life. Wilson. A remonstrance from his native card to-day with your name and Please send me the new Melody Way booklet showing me how I can in¬ Wise parents will not allow their chil¬ State having reached us, we apologize to crease my income by teaching Melody Way classes. address, and the catalogue will be dren to “stop music lessons” because it is Virginia and classify his name with the sent by return mail. vacation time. They will rather avoid honored list in December. Since we must Name . this tremendous economic waste and in¬ part with so famed a name from the Feb¬ crease the number of lessons and the ruary group, we cannot resist the temp¬ Every Modern Music Store in the United States Can Supply These Books length of the practice periods. They will tation to add the names of Henri Vieux- Address welcome the release from school duties in temps, Belgian violinist and composer, D. APPLETON & COMPANY, Publishers order that additional time and strength Ossip Gabrilowitsch, Russian pianist and 35-39 W. 32nd St., New York City may be given to the greatest of the cul¬ conductor of the Detroit Symphony Or¬ tural arts. chestra, Marcella Sembrich, vocalist and Mrs. C. A. B.. Nebraska. I am pleased teacher, and—we almost forgot them— to note your interest in this department Daniel Boone and Buffalo Bill! Please mention THE ETUDE when addressing our advertisers. TTIE ETUDE Page 842 MAY 1028 MAY 1928 Pa Re 343 TEE ETUDE FASCINATING PIECES FOR THE MUSICAL HOME

Based upon some very attractive CARL WILHELM KERN, Op. 600 THERE IS BEAUTY IN PIANOS, TOO Spanish-American rhythms.Grade 4. THE VAQUERO 5 a Allegretto m.m.J-=( 4---s8

Ahis Art ofan Emperor, the height of its grandeur. And this beautiful adaptation of the art of the court of Emperor Charles V, is but one of a series of beautiful pianos that await your inspection at the revived for you nearest dea er’c

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Copyright 1927 by Theodore Presser Co. British Copyright secured AN EXCLUSIVE CONTRIBUTION TO MODERN HOME BEAUTY Other Music Sections in this issue on pages 371, 379, 411. British Copyright secured TEE TEE ETUDE Page 346 MAY 1928 An ornate drawing-room piece, with some SPRINGTIME interesting technical features. Grade 3. ALBERT LOCKE NORRIS, Op. 49, No. 3 CmooseBOttt Con moto M.M.J = I26 piano aoflw JlIrtistB bo

Chaliapin as “Boris Godounov” “MY PREFERENCE,” SAYS CHALIAPIN a -- a tempo 4 -——-- :--—^ 5 As you listen to the gloriously resonant tones of the Baldwin Piano, it is easy to hear, in fancy, the great voice of Chaliapin, with its untold variety frfcir , ::-np--- =j -» . 2 3 1 * * $, =£= =—:=1 % and force of characterization. C[ As quality is drawn to quality, so has Chaliapin chosen the Baldwin as his inspiration in his accompaniments more/) do and in his home. C[ A demonstration at any Baldwin dealer’s will inspire r. DC. you with the same admiration. ({ Grands at $1450 and up, in mahogany. Ilalhmn rit. £ ♦ The Baldwin piano company, Cincinnati PIANO Copyright 1923 by Theodore Presser Co.

British Copyright secured MAY 192S Page -%9 THE ETUDE “And Ken wants to come as much as

Ken is a good soul—he says we’re com- ing down again next month! Isn’t that splendid? This is such a lovely place; our own home could hardly be more 'comfortable. And the guests are so Opportunities pleasant and friendly. Most of them seem to come every year. . .. We went visiting today—in the hotel kitchens! T,;r ^n^fsTryVhe^t, when Doe^harmfon^TaZi^X^^to’? My first trip behind the scenes. It’s ttlmhna the Liszt’s “E-flat Concerto” with Thank you tor your a»si«(«Hcc a»ut /o*- the terribly interesting to see how this big second piano accompaniment, to play the help of your column which I have read for place works. Clean! That kitchen was IN THE MUSIC FIELD spotless! Ken has spoken several times play only theTortawlttheClTlt'ttepage, octaves ‘'“'mes. H K., Carrington North Dakota. rest myself„„„ for ....the big octave_ ...A. Yes, the- rrightight hand plays both the about the excellent meals they serve passage on page 9 Should the second piano trill and the underneath n here. But after seeing these beautiful play any of this continue as written? kitchens, I don’t see how the food could Ex. 3 perfect hair'&ne /1 help being delicious. Allegro Music has always ranked high among professions A beautiful bob! But only if the Further information about Chalfonte- back of the neck is smooth and white. There vs never an overcrowded field Haddon Flail is interestingly given in ZIP, in gently lifting out the roots booklet form. We would be glad to mai'l with the hairs, rapidly, painlessly and you a copy. harmlessly, makes your skin adorable. for the well trained teacher Ideal also for the face, arms, body, limbs aod underarms. Guaranteed! CARMEL MYERS says: “ZIP is cer¬ (halfonte tainly the best in its line and nothing can II sounds so unpiat...- take its place." NTERESTING positions are ideas for your own work which are A. It is perfectly permissible for you . will succeed in accomplishing it with Use ZIP once and you will never I fjADDONfjALL omit the six measures on page 8. bfeglnnini the. You could, perhaps, play the bass resort to any other method. available to you. with the animato and ending -•■“* *■*■" *i’“ alt . notes of the first two beats with open in Schools and Colleges last measure on Sold at all stores by the package. ATLANTIC CITY beat of the n ' “ iU~ ’ lettleft handhand,, andano_ take thehand two. Butstaccato you At my Salon, ZIP treatment or calling for teachers with execu¬ FREE DEMONSTRATION We put you in position to earn more American Plan octave “passage. In this ease, the second will do _ -*■ ito with the right tive ability and highly specialized piano will play the right-hand chords of the Makers of ZIP-SHA VE Cream for and to prepare for bigger things. te Leeds and Lippincott Company j last stave (first piano part) commencing hand entirely. 2. The sign f —a small circle training. Standardized teaching with the fourth beat of the first measure Quick advancement can be yours in over a note_has not been noticed by me ill / Madame Berthe, Specialist, Dept. 402 and ending with, the last beat of / 562 FIFTH AVE., NEW YORK makes it necessary for every teacher the second piano stave. After this con¬ piano' music, so I fail to understand its / Please tell me how ZIP really destroys su- the great teaching field. Teachers tinue as written. Page 31: the soloist should use in that connection. It is employed in f perfluous hair at home. Also send FREE to be equipped for his work. Com¬ play the whole of the last l’"“ “ violin, zither and all strings to indicate that ' sample of your Massage & Cleansing Cream. with little or long experience have ini poco mar rata, exactly as \ a harmonic is to he played. It is also used (If you enclose 10* and mark here □ a package of my petition is keen even in small com¬ in perfect keeping with the in some organ music to mark that its note 25* Coco a nut Shampoo will be sent to you FREE.) equal chance for success. would be an impot is to be played by the heel (pedals). 3. The munities. sign i •. is termed by some a mezzo Neetl for a Complete Dictionary. The ambitious teacher of today does Many teachers devote their Summer Q. In a piece which I hare named “On t is placed over or under single a journey,” there occurs the instruction indicates that they should be not rely on the haphazard use of vacation to study at Master Schools. to “observe the slight 'cesura’ at the slightly detached from You can keep your class through the end of beats one and three.” But I cannot I books and methods but chooses a find the word “cesura” in definite method and with special Summer, have that added income t ionary. CROWN preparation meets the teaching com¬ and still have the advantage of the petition. Master Courses through our Exten¬ sion Conservatory. Lavender Digging out new ideas for the better¬ ment of your students, yourself, is a , Follow the example of hundreds of p Smelling Salts worrisome time-taking task even other teachers who have examined though you have knowledge of de¬ our lessons available to Etude readers pendable sources. When you can by sending for Catalog today. See' „..te today for Art Year Boob mg is believing. SCHGDL^AJWIED ART ... w. W., Sedalia, Missouri. affiliate with a school recommended Room No. 7 BOTTLE CM EXWCH. A. 1. The word in question is caisura not cesura). It is a Latin word, employed by thousands of successful teachers musically, and means “cutting or hewing off ” In poetry, it indicates a division or you may be sure that their confidence University Extension Conservatory LAME PEOPLE a stop. It denotes here a slight break in justifies your confidence in new the musical line, usually marked by two 700 E. 41st Street Chicago, Illinois diagonal, parallel lines, thus : 2 The right hand plays the sequences of KISS thirds -• -“ — “°"h STANTLY, makes them appear —long andhixunantj

are some grace-notes written as sixteenth- dasaUaetUby l milifonsof lovely notes, like “A” and others as thirty-second notes, like “B?”—M. Z., Bronx. New York. --a, . uJmdnBLACKOTBROWN.rlcol A. There is no valid reason why A- should ^ your dealer's or direct, postpaid. not be written with thirty-second notes, like B; the latter requires them for rapid interpretation of the arpeggios. PARKER’S HAIR BALSAM START A TUNING BUSINESS Answer to Questions by A. M. R., Union moves Dandruff—Stops Hair Falling Building-, St. Uonis, Missonri. Restores Color and University Extension Conservatory, 700 East 41st St., Chicag< yourself, anywhere. Earn $2 to $1 an hour spare Although the possessor of a very remark¬ ieautyto Gray and Faded Hair Ill. time, or 3200 to 3500 month, full time. Requires 90 able musical library, the writer does not Please send me catalog, 4 lessons and full information regarding course I have marked with an X below own a copy of either of the hooks of music l SITntIVpo?t“ing”Way«aworkaalsoPbnng8nbig mentioned by “A- M. E.” Tbe proper thing ' □ Students’ Piano, by Wm. H. Sherwood □ Harmony, by Rosenbecker & Protheroe pay. We train you thoroughly and rapidly at home. for any questioner to do is to copy and □ Violin, by Arthur Heft Get our free booklet “Piano Tuning as a Business send the doubtful passage with its query, □ Teachers’ Piano, by Wm. H. Sherwood □ Advanced Composition, by H. J. Wrightson when the editor of these columns will most Kill The Hair Root □ Comet, Amateur, by A. F. Weldon Mack Institute, Crafton Sta., EM-10, Pittsburgh, Pa. gladly supply the needed information. □ Voice, by George Crampton □ History of Music, by Glenn Dillard Gunn Does the right hand hare to play the trill □ Choral Conducting, by Dr. Protheroe □ Public School Music, by Frances E. Clark J Cornet, Professional, by A. F. Weldon and the other notes as welt? Will you kindly write the measure with trill and □ Guitar, by William Foden □ . Mandolin, by Samuel Siegel Angering? 2. In the same piece the sign □ Banjo, WEJ.BaST W' ^ DU8Cn __ better, as some say. 2. When reciting Name.Address. MUSIC PRINTERS ^ appears frequently over separate notes. the names of notes of the different major City.Star. scales, does not the first note of each scale How long have you taught Piano?.How many pupils have you now? rv,, . , ENG RAVERSAND LITHOGRAPH ERS I S. In Moszkowski’s arrangement of the “Don become “do”? That is, (D major) “do, re, GRAY HAIR .. you hold a Teacher's Certificate? Juan Minuet" (Mozart) he marks many of mi, fa, sol, la, si, do. (E major) do, re, mi, Have you studied Harmony?.! .. . .Would you like to ei (print anything in music-by any process I the bass notes with the sign a. • thus: D E Fit no dyes j the Degree of Bachelor of Music?. fa, sol, la, si, do. (E major) do, re, mi, fa, WE PRINT FOR INDIVIDUALS G A B CS D E Fit Git A established 107. REFERENCE ANY PUBLISHER I sol, la, si, do”—and so forth for every major B C# D# E scale? 3. Is this the correct way to say the ■ Therms? YO UTHRAY at00 chromatics? "do, di, re, rl, mi, fa, fl, sol, WriteF REE today T for RIA Free L bMklet and FREE TRIAL OFFER.^ :rir ZIMMERMAN5 (Continued on Page 399) MAY 1928 Page 351 TEE ETUDE TEE ETUDE Page 350 MAY 1928 'She Musical Home Reading 'Gable Anything and Everything, as long as it is EMILY STOKES SHEFTE RAPID COURSE Instructive and Interesting HAGAR In Modern Piano Playing Conducted by WIDELY ACCLAIMED SOPRANO A RAPID SYSTEM for those who msh to play A. S. Garbett Graciously Responded to the Enthusiasm for an exceHent foundation tor tn ^ yQj 1_price $1.00 in U. S. A. Shefte Rapid *1;°™**™ of music or who have had little teaching. Largo from “15he T^jew World Symphony Little tyoy Forb2-Price $1.00 in U. S. A. movement he pathetically embodied his Shefte uh fair knowledge of vutsic Mrs. Jeannette M. Thurber was re¬ sponsible for Dvorak’s “New World Sym¬ homesickness.” c, D -J course — Vol. 3—Price $1.00 in U. S. A. Finck further tells us that “The first Sleepyhead phony” to a great extent, according to performance of this master-work was the . , ... , f„„j„mentallv correct Piano Method endorsed by leading Henry T. Finck who writes of it in his most memorable event in the long history By Repeating It in the “Golden Age of Music.” Finck says, Emily Stokes Hagar A Xmerican~Authorities, a few of which endorsements appear below. of the New York Philharmonic Orchestra. WfZ Fine Radio Concerts “Dvorak did not wish to leave Bohemia When Seidl first looked over the manu¬ (where he was teaching to support his script he was overwhelmed with emotion, family) ; but the offer of $15,000 a year He rehearsed the score with eager en¬ This Little Portion of this Song that is So Charm' from Mrs. Thurber was not to be resisted. thusiasm, and at the final rehearsal an in¬ Canadian ing for Concert Use, So Helpful in Teaching Voice He was not happy, however, away from cident occurred which showed how deeply Students and So Likable for Vocal Recreation is home; that seemed clear to me every time he had penetrated into its spirit, “Dvorak was present. By some strange Folk Song and Handicraft 1 saw him at his home or with his classes Worth Trying. momentary aberration, or whatever you at the Conservatory. One day Mrs. Thur¬ choose to call it, he had marked the slow ber, in view of his obvious and constant movement ‘andante.’ Seidl, led by a cor¬ Festival longing for his homeland, suggested that rect instinct for its intense pathos, played he should write a symphony embodying it much slower. When he got through, MAY 24-28 his feelings and experiences in America. Dvorak went to the conductor’s desk and OIN this 5-day festival of ancient folk-song and handicraft. He promised to do so, and in the slow marked the movement adagio." J From habitant village and deep-woods lumber camp come Quebec’s native singers, dancers, fiddlers and weavers ... to make merry in May. 15he Oboe in the Kettle Meet twinkling old Phileas Bedard .. . hear him sing about | Sent on Approval to Piano Teachers who Read the “ETUDi.’ ~| In Arthur Hervf.y’s life of Camille we gather that he was then learning to the kind of nightgown his wife shall wear. Listen to the Saint-Saens we learn something of the read, that when only two years and six Bytown Troubadours trolling out ‘‘Youpe! Youpe!sur la riviere!” Knowledge acquired by students through the study of this course months old he was placed in front of a makes an excellent foundation for more serious study. precocity of this great French composer . . . the songs of raftsmen and hunters . . . the old, old chan¬ whose musical career began at the ad¬ small piano, that instead of striking the keyboard in a haphazard manner, as chil¬ sons of Normandy, handed down from singer to singer these FORSTER , Inc. vanced age of two.' dren do at that age, he ‘touched the notes three hundred years. Hear the men’s choruses . . . how those 218 SOUTH WABASH AVENUE, CHICAGO, ILL. “He has related himself,” says Hervey, £Many Foremost Singers Such oAs one after another, and only left them , "how at the age of two he liked to listen fellows can sing! . . . 4,000 of these folk-airs have been col¬ when the sound had evaporated.’ to various sounds, such as the creaking lected by the Victoria Museum . . . they are a treasure of Wilbur Evans, Edward Johnson, Kathryn Meisle, “Having learned the names of the notes, of doors and the striking of clocks. His the' individual sounds became so fixed in rhythm and melody. Henri Scott, Noah Swayne, Charles Stratton, great pleasure was what he terms ‘the his brain that when the piano was being World-renowned artists will show the musical possibilities symphony of the kettle, an enormous kettle John Barnes Wells and Others Have tuned he was able, to the general astonish¬ in this folk-music in a program in which these are some of which was placed every morning in ’front ment, while playing in the adjoining room, Used and Highly Commended of the fire.’ Seating himself by this, the the high spots: SCHIRMER’S LIBRARY 1 to name correctly each note as it was little fellow waited with ‘a passionate ‘‘Robin et Marion, ” 13th Century French Comedy Opera ‘Down to the Sea curiosity for its first murmurs, its slow “.The astonishing progress made by Adam de la Halle. Produced by Wilfred Pelletier, crescendo so full of surprises, and the ap¬ by this veritably surprising child led to assistant conductor. Metropolitan Opera Company, New Word) by JOHN MASEFIELD Music by ELIZABETH GEST of MUSICAL CLASSICS! pearance of a microscopic hautboy (oboe) his playing the piano part in one of Bee¬ York. FeaturingTokatyan of the Metropolitan; Rodolphe the sound of which rose little by little thoven’s violin sonatas before a select Plamondon, late of the Paris Opera; Cedia Brault, etc. until the water had reached boiling point.’ audience in a drawing-room at the age of “The. Order of Good Cheer, ” Champlain’s 17th Century “From the same unimpeachable source four years anti seven months.” soldier-singers. Featuring Leon Rothier of the Metro¬ IT'Consisting ” of more than 1500 volumes, embracing“ all' classifications of politan, and J. Campbell Mclnnes of the American 1 music—Piano, Organ, Voice, Violin, ’Cello, Ensemble Music, etc. Opera Company. Editorially referred to as History of a “(Best Seller” “Homespun,” the founding of the Quebec homespun industry by Mme. de Repentigny. By Jeanne Dusseau, late “A MONUMENT TO AMERICAN PROGRESS The best known song by Landon Ronald “I wrote the music in half an hour, of Chicago Opera Company, and folk-singers. IN MUSICAL ART.” is undoubtedly “Down in the Forest,” re¬ took it to Enoch, and thought so little of Hart Home Quartet and SUch con“ but to us as publisher it means that garding which he tells a curious story in it that I didn’t even wish to play it to Charles Marchand and Bytou/n Troubadours his book of “Variations on a Personal him. He insisted, however, and I did so, Juliette Gaultier Theme.” making the remark, ‘It will never sell a The Canadian Singers “I had written a cycle of songs called copy, but it is just the bit of make-weight The prize-winning compositions based on folk-melodies will be Franceska Kaspar Lawson - Soprano ‘The Cycle of Life’ and felt somehow I want for the Cycle.’ played, and prizes awarded. A Folk Costume Ball will be the The Basis for the Musical Education of the Nation that the balance was wrong, and that an¬ “After hearing it he agreed with me in In Tremendously Successful Recent Concerts in the other song was required in the middle of my sentiments; the only dissentient voice climax of this week of unique carnival centered about Chateau Southern and Middle Western States Regularly has the album. I wrote and told the author, was that of his partner who happened to Frontenac, Quebec’s great castle-hotel. given a Prominent Place on Her Program to Harold Simpson, my feelings, and he be present and said, ‘You never can tell. Moderate hotel rates for the 5-day festival. Round trip fare ujwiiln'thiy1brln| 1.11 mTh”r Editb£7pt>m[ncn':publisher,.pay promptly agreed with me, and sent me It might be a big seller.’ He was quite from New York, $32. Reservations at Canadian Pacific, 344 they find sell in large quantitiefinc^ only_ those volumes which ‘Down in the Forest.’ right in his prediction.” The T(oses in the Qarden Classics. As iaTeS £“ f L,BRARY °f Musical Madison Avenue, New York; 405 Boylston Street, Boston; Words by J. WILL CALLAHAN Music by FRANK H. GREY Edition not according to ksnZ-,If’ T fr* C?ntim,e to build this Locust at 15th, Philadelphia; or Chateau Frontenac, Price, 40 Cents ; will justify the opinmn of a Drom^nln^6^'‘‘J’ butin a manncr that 1 Published in Two Keys—High, Range d fiat to g flat (optional a flat) 1 i.Tb ™ prominent music educator who names it (Rubinstein, the Leonine Quebec, Canada. Low, Range b flat to E flat (optional F) 1 ?uLi°Wori°dmPrehrnSiVe EdUi°n Known *o the “Rubinstein was master of them all,” “His personal appearance was impres¬ of the^l^sics^nd '^stitution Trustee SUGGESTIONS CHEERFULLY CIVEN VOICE TEACHERS AND CONCERT writes George P. Upton, in “Musical sive. He was athletic in mould; his head ARTISTS Memories,” a book of Chicago reminis- was large and his hair luxuriously abun¬ CATALOGS SHOWING PORTIONS OF SACRED AND SECULAR SONGS ! Jnthismonumentalcolte^rr 1 Pr°greSS” SENT ON REQUEST thirty-five thousand composition/ L.'if "I0310’there are more tflan dant and carelessly worn. His features composers. In the 1500 volume o th/Ce hundred a,K' twenty-five Chateau Fixnitenac “He comes back to me most vividly in were rugged, reminding one of some of 1 hundrcd and thirty-five d,ouid^s S^usif ^ *** “* °n° his concerts at Aiken’s Theater in 1872 the portraits of Beethoven whom he also THEODORE PRESSER CO., PHILADELPHIA, PA. with Wieniawsky, and Louise Ormeny and (h fBienvenue a Quebec 1712-1714 CHESTNUT STREET—EVERYTHING IN MUSIC PUBLICATIONS G. SCH1RMER, INC i c. i „ " 0 „ resembled in ’some of his traits of char¬ Louise Leibhart, two mediocre vocalists. acter. scsriaiS 43rJ St" NEW Y0RK He was the Jupiter Tonans of the key¬ fai -- vert.sements on pages 393-396-419 I board. (Continued on Page 397) \ Please mention THE ETUDE when addressing our advertisers - ^ EDITORIALS ■*»»■

13he -Amateur in "Music

risen to the very top in their callings, have in their youth had THE word “amateur” is gradually and properly being translated into “music-lover,” in its application to the musical training, is in itself significant. The late Theodore Presser continually called the attention tone art. This is a fortunate advance, since the word of his friends to the importance of the amateur. He made it “amateur” was casually taking on an altogether false conno¬ clear that it was far better for the art to have a great number tation. An amateur is rightly one who pursues an art for the of fine amateurs than an over-supply of indifferent profes¬ love of the thing. In popular parlance, an amateur is a kind sional musicians. The professionals must in a large way de¬ of “putterer” or “bungler”—one who attacks things in a pend upon the amateurs, whether the professional composes half-hearted way and has little regard for finished and beau¬ music, gives concerts, sings in opera, or teaches. tiful performance. We are often asked whether there should be special courses We have known amateurs whose devotion to art far trans¬ for amateurs. We think that we are past that. The quality cended that of many professionals. Moreover, they have had element in American musical endeavor is so high that all who a cultured understanding and artistic insight that would have play an instrument aspire to play it in the finest possible given fht>m the highest position, had they chosen to follow the manner. Far better to play simple pieces superbly than to art professionally. One of the most astonishing instances of amateur produc¬ play advanced pieces badly. The standards are so lofty in tion is the famous Wiertz museum of Brussels. Antoine Joseph this day that we find school girls by the score who really play Wiertz was a man of great wealth who chose to paint, not better than did many concert artists fifty years ago. It is true that many are denied early musical training and with a view to selling his pictures, but to expressing his ideas. . „ it is often desirable in He was an arch enemy adult years to employ of war and cant. He “short cut” methods detested Napoleon as so that the greatest a maker of death and possible advance can desolation. When he be made in the short¬ died, he left a wealth est possible time. The of artistic works — mature mind may enough to constitute a grasp in a brief period, museum, for which he through reading and made provisions in his self-study, what often will. Of all the “one takes the child a much man” museums of the longer time to accom¬ world, this is the most plish. Caroline Nor- extraordinary. Every cross in “The Adult year it is visited by Beginner’s Book” and thousands who are John M. Williams in thrilled by his extraor¬ “The Book for Older dinary ability and Beginners” have pro¬ bizarre conceptions. vided materials of Yet Antoine Joseph great value. Your edi¬ Wiertz was wholly an “Napoleon in Hades," tor recollects very amateur. He worked well three of his pu¬ for the love of the art and the joy he found in expressing himself in that art. pils, sisters, who came into means after the age of sixty and In America, during the past twenty-five years, we have aspired to gratify a life-long wish to study the art of piano been developing an amazing number of musical amateurs of playing. After about a year and a half they became able to such high technical efficiency and such keen artistic insight play pieces of about the fourth grade. It is difficult to describe and rich cultural advantages that the art of music has been the joy with which they exulted in this accomplishment. helped more by the ambitions and desires and money contri¬ The way of the adult amateur in these days is made much butions of these men and women than through almost any easier by means of the wonderful study advantages of the other source. This is particularly true of the men. We know music reproducing machines and the radio. Information and of hundreds of American men of affairs, whose love for models of performance, which years ago would have cost a music comes right after that for their families and for their fortune, may now be had “for a song.” The acquisition of the regular life work. In innumerable cases this takes the form ability to play is a delight which always far transcends the of gratitude, because these men have found in their musical pleasure of hearing music. It is indescribable. There is a sense training and in their regular study of music a means for of victory, the expression of repressed emotions, exultation, intellectual development and nerve restoration that they have which can come in no other way. More than this, it makes not hesitated to say has had a great and vital effect upon their all the music one hears via the modern electrical and mechan¬ whole careers. The mere fact that dozens of men, who have ical miracles, far more interesting and understandable.

Vol. XLVI, No. 5 MAY, 1928 'Bhe ETUDE MUSIC MAGAZINE

Face MAY 192S Pa'jc 355

wo* s THE PUPIL WITHOUT TALENT that affects their other relationsan of developing this ONE of the everyday tragedies of music is the neglect of the so-called “pupil without talent.” We gladly Assent to the .tssti ar*—«*. i* > fact that there are now and then people who are hopelessly in¬ capable of learning to play an instrument. Good Lord, haven’t one’ SALVAGED HOURS we struggled with them, trying in every conceivable way to help nPHE music teacher is g^rfng periods of the day. them to play, because some of these good people are among those 1 actual teaching as the °n V P j- by during the work- who most anxiously covet the ability to play? Accordingly, many P°ten“* dlly be put to use in ford¬ The number of such people, however, is fortunately very, very ing hours—minutes that might reaouy y small. Almost every normal person can learn to play, given fail- fying the teacher’s hold ^pon hts calhng.^y ^ instruction, reasonable persistence and a little time. What they get in return for the effort is so very much more than they spend The merchant watches Commerce has studied the mer- the United States Chamber of 2000 citizens up that it can be compared only with the huge oak that grows out of the tiny acorn. In fact, such people are often the ones who SfiC rnstpSeTcharts is able to tell defi- profit most from musical training. nitelyjust A major volume of buyings done. n this Put down the pleasure and solace they will derive from the way the dealer can set aside certain non-buying h^rstor ms ability to play as their least possible gain. They will find that clerks to arrange stock, study sales conditions, take stock music study in the first place develops their thinking machinery in a way that cannot possibly be accomplished through any other CT‘^°^e work the teacher usually haea, leas, study. Many times in THE ETUDE we have stated these ad¬ three or four hours a day not actually taken up with pupik vantages which cannot be too often reiterated. These are the periods which must be carefully invested in those Music Study develops the powers of rapid observation. things which put one ahead in the world. The weekly program Music Study trains the muscles and nerves to almost instan¬ should be carefully studied and a definite task set for each hour taneous response to the mind. Here are some of the things in the teachers life which need Music Study develops accuracy. Music Study develops the memory. regular attention. Practice—Keeping one’s own technic in good working shape. Music Study refines the judgment and insures repose and Accounts—Keeping all bills and receipts made up in advance poise. These are just a few of the advantages which parents should of their need for regular presentation. Advertising—Expanding one’s work through profitable ave* realize when they have any doubts as to the value of the training for students “without talent.” nues of contact. Musical Reading—The regular study of new musical books and the best musical magazines. NERVE 7^ew Music—Studying catalogs. Ordering new music. a DURING the past two decades it has been our privilege to Studying new music. Cataloging new music present over and over again the value of music study in If you really want to raise your standards of teaching effi¬ developing collateral human qualities of great importance to the ciency, try salvaging wasted hours. individual. We do not think that this can be done too often. ON USING THE MUSICAL DICTIONARY For in no other way than by the recognition of the enormous worth of music in life education can the most beautiful of arts THE world is plentifully supplied with musical dictionaries. NEAPOLITAN PEASANTS DANCING THE TARANTELLE AT SORRENTO be made to stand in the mind of that terrible individual, “the There is no real excuse for ignorance of the exact meaning average man,” as a real, tangible life asset and not as a toy, a of musical terms when excellent books by renowned authorities bauble, a gewgaw, to be tossed aside after a few moments of may be purchased at a comparatively low cost. harmless amusement. Too few musicians have formed the dictionary habit. The “Napoli £’ Una (Canzone” Perhaps we have said too little about the usefulness of music average musician is all too content with a hazy idea of the exact in developing what people call “nerve,” that is, the ability to significance of the terminology he employs with such apparent (Naples is a Song) face men and situations of command. authority. With most people it takes nerve and real nerve to face an Properly speaking, a dictionary is a book for reference in First in a Series of Musical Travelogues—Memorable Visits to European Shrines audience at a recital. The preparation of a musical composition, emergencies, but it is surprising how much may be learned from let us say a work with some 5000 notes, so that it can be beauti¬ a good dictionary. fully played for an audience, means that in the space of a few Sir George Grove’s great work is more than a dictionary. y thoven, Brahms, Rimsky-Korsakoff, and from the souls of a passionate, spirited Costa and Sir Paolo Tost., spent most Stravinsky. AND JAZZ! We had run away from people who for years have longed to climb of his later artistic life in London, where then he has sung throughout the United States, Canada and On a particularly rough day, when most it in America. Here it was with all Herbert Witherspoon was born in Buffalo, New York, on the sun-drenched, flower-garlanded heights he was a professor at the Royal Academy its virulence all over Italy, unescapabl? Enqland. He joined the Metropolitan Company in 1908, appear¬ of the passengers had deserted the grand of Capri and Sorrento! July 21, 1873. He received his A. B. in 1895, pom Yale, where of Music. Thousands of American vocal and woefully antique. Stale jazz, like stale ing as Gurnemanz in "Parsifal/’ and remained with the company salon “for reasons whereof the deponent he studied music and composition. Later he studied with Edward “It is worth coming across die seas to students have sung Denzi’s songs, such as, bananas, is hardly inviting. The leader of until 1916 Since leaving the Metropolitan- he has devoted his sayeth naught,” Casella played me some of MacDowell, Peter Schnecker and other eminent teach¬ hear Santa Lucia sung like that,” you A May Morning, Sing On, Come to Me the orchestra in any sizeable hotel jn A. many time to teaching and is now the president of the Chicago Musical his best-known compositions. While mod¬ ejaculate. * If Thou didst Love Me, Your Voice and ers. Mr. Witherspoons concert debut was made in New Haven, ernistic in their complexion, they have Italy probably pictures the typical Ameri¬ rnilmc Mr Witherspoon has contributed considerable time to “Ah," exclaims Maestro Casella over Daisy Time, yet, when one hears his fes¬ an organic character and do not seem like can as one who lives on jazz, just as his tive Funiculi, Funicula in Naples so many of the futuristic musical con¬ your shoulder, “you will have many oppor¬ brothers live on O Sole Mio and Santa tunities to gratify your desire. When you trivances which appear like a chain of Lucia. He is certain that we sing it on laws, no responsibility, there are no ethics. do not hear Santa Lucia, you will hear hopeless dissonances strung upon an in¬ arising, during meals, work, and in our So, while the musical profession may out¬ 0 Sole Mio, unless it is Funiculi, Funicula ONE OF THE best signs of the times visible string. There is always a vigor sleep, just as he warbles Ciribiribin. grow the need of organization, it must or Ciribiribin. And when you do not hear for the musical profession is that and always the evidence of his consum¬ Therefore, the moment he sights an Ameri¬ begin to grow with the aid of it. them, you will hear JAZZ.” at last there is a really widespread mate musicianship. Casella plays as only can who has come to Naples to be cured interest in a standard of ethics or pro¬ Casella was , right. The Neapolitans pianist composers play—re-creating his in- of fatty degeneration of the pocketbook, fessional conduct and in the observance of have a wealth of luscious folk songs. Rules That Set Free spiration with every performance. he commences to dance and play jazz' that code by members of the profession, They doubtless sing them all at times, but T IS nonsense to say that we cannot which is, at the very least, four years old.’ not only for their own good and for a bet¬ I "The Most Practical Pedal Marking’’ it must be within the secret confines of agree upon real standards in singing and He seems astonished when the American ter understanding and cooperation among in piano and violin playing. Each profes¬ A MONG OTHER things we discussed is bored to extinction. “Alas, these Ameri¬ the members, but for actual improvement sion has its technic, not man-made in one -t* a new edition of the Beethoven Sona¬ cans are a people without musical interest in teaching among teachers and students, tas, which Casella had edited for the great sense but developed by the art through the of any kind whatsoever 1” both morally and musically. Italian house of Ricordi. I remarked that art. If that is the case, certain natural laws However much Europe may decry our As music is the last of the arts to attain I had gone over the edition with the of technic are essentials and must be musical taste, the distemper of jazz has its real value, coherency and importance, famous pianist, Wilhelm Bachaus, and obeyed for the best results. Schumann spread all over Europe. One musician in so it is the last of the professions to seek that we were delighted with the careful said, “the better we understand form, the a Spanish journal called it the “American and establish among its members rules of detailed work he had bestowed upon them. conduct and standards of learning and more free we are.” This acceptance of I commented upon the use' of the linear musical measles.” Just as the measles principle does not destroy individuality; strikes an African tribe with the fatal practice. pedal sign (so familiar to all Etude read¬ Medicine long since cleaned house and it promotes it and saves endless time in virulence of small-pox, thus has jazz (al¬ ers) as contrasted with the old-fashioned demanded of its disciples honorable gaining a technic, making the student ready sign, terminating with an asterisk. ways pronounced “jass”) smitten Europe. conduct and adherence to definitely estab¬ to display his individuality and his origi¬ “I chose that sign,” said Casella with It is almost impossible to get out of the lished standards of learning and knowl¬ nality. It is the first requirement for enthusiasm, “because it seemed far and hearing of jazz at least some time during edge. The law has done the same, and economy. away the most practical of all pedal mark¬ the day. In fact, in a copy of the ex¬ to-day the quack doctor and the shyster If these standards can be established, ings I had found.” It was with no little cellent Italian musical monthly, "Musica lawyer can be brought before the courts irresponsible criticism will cease or at least pleasure that I told him that he was using d’Oggi," we read, II Conserratorio Hoch, of their own professions and disciplined, be minimized, and this irresponsible criti¬ the pedal marking introduced by my dear di Francafortc, ha stabilito wni ctassc de yes, even forbidden to continue their prac¬ cism is the curse of our profession. How friend, the late Theodore Presser, over jass sotta la diresione di B. Settles. That tice by having their licenses taken away many teachers of singing have the “only forty years ago and used in all Presser is, “The Dr. Hoch Conscrvatoriura of from them. This does not mean that there method”—looking askance at all other editions since that time. I also noted that, Frankfurt am Main, (where taught Raff are no quack doctors nor shyster lawyers, teachers, especially those in the same town? while this marking was obviously superior and Clara Schumann and studied Cyril but it does mean that their numbers are The medical profession could not estab¬ to the antique pedal markings, no other Scott and Edward MacDowell) has re¬ fewer and that their road is not an easy lish an ethical code until it had established firms of publishers throughout the world cently established a class in jazz.” one. Once branded by suspicion they are its standard of knowledge and practice. The same with the law, the oldest in ethical had taken it up seriously until the appear¬ Why is it that Europe adopts our worst under observation, and watchful eyes are procedure of all the professions, even the ance of this most modern edition of Bee¬ and rejects many of the fine tilings that observing their every act. thoven. church. we have liccn privileged to do in musical License has little to do with the question. We shall never get observance of a de¬ Swiftly and surely, like the flood of art? It has welcomed Sargent, Abby, It is a means rather than an end, and the ALESSANDRO LONGO cent rule of conduct to each other, we shall destiny, the giant piroscopo ploughed Whistler, and other American artists. same result iwould have obtained with through the sparkling seas until we' found or without government license. / But the never establish a real responsibility to our Italian Pianist and composer, was born at Amante, December 30, 1864. Whistcr is even designated in British profession, we shall never really develop ourselves flying by Gibraltar and glimpsing galleries as a British painter Benjamin improvement and discipline have not arisen the north coast of Africa, exclaiming with Educated under Beniamino Cesi and Paolo Serrao, at Naples, he has won from mere government or political control the students who come to us in the best West was made president of the National the other passengers at the height of the a high reputation as a concert pianist, has done notable work as an editor but from within the two professions them¬ and quickest way, until we establish stand¬ Gallery. Save for the works of Sousa, African mountains. Twilight comes, and of musical classics, and has a large number of published works in many selves. They have realized that standards, ards of learning, technic and esthetic MacDowell, Cadman, Lieuramc. the im¬ the salmon peaks of the snow-crowned accumulated by experience, demand certain ideals. Then the ethical code will come perishable songs of Foster, and the tran¬ Sierra Nevadas tell us that we are passing kinds of education, and no Degree may be and be obeyed. the most romantic part of Spain. Those some musical camorra. For all practical sient successes of popular writers, Ameri¬ obtained in those two professions without The real genius may make his own laws, purposes, the repertory consists of the four can music is very little known in Europe, attaining the excellence demanded by long but he always begins by knowing the old who have never been upon the Mediter¬ . 11 is diffieult to put into words t ranean find it hard to believe that it re¬ songs mentioned. They repeat these in¬ taking the country as a whole. Sousa, in¬ and persevering study. Not only do these laws first as few others know them, and sincere and genuine love which the Neap, deed, is omnipresent and is heard more in quires a journey of two days on a swift gratiating tunes over and over again and itan has for his folk songs. Visit o educational standards forbid a man or he discards them only when they interfere they never. seem to lose their appealing Europe than in America. Excepting for woman to practice law or medicine without with his best powers. This is true of the boat to get from Gibraltar to Naples. of the Neapolitan vaudeville theaters, t charm. the works of these composers and a few genius in all walks of life. How did the Politiama, for instance, and you will e measuring up to these standards, but irre¬ compositions, such as the beautiful Violin great reformers work? They had H:o The Steerage Awa\es In an open carriage pulled by a very counter a wholly different kind of pe sponsible criticism of each other has been small but energetic horse, you pass from Sonata of David Stanley Smith, which I at least largely killed, while the actual know a law perfectly in order to break A/TUSICAL TIDINGS, if no other, let formance from that which one expects the dock, over a street paved with lava the mUS; hans of New Yorki London card in Rome, I did not hear any Ameri- moral character of the lawyer, or doctor, t king in the it with any force. So, let us not worry -‘-V-l us know that we are coming to bel’ prehensive" list of beliefs in important structors. The teacher blocks, to your hotel on the unforgettable « — «> Europe but the damnable din is made an all-important part of qualifi¬ about the loss of individuality. Napoli. For a week we had ,seen little or Pans. There is a woeful paucity of ad items of knowledge, action, physical law studio, not subject nor liable to anyone, water front. The' experience puts to shame nothing of the steerage passengers going quate scenery, good stage management ai cation. and principles of teaching. Other branches No standards affect him except those ac- the most terrorizing thriller in the amuse¬ Whatever can these good people think Unfortunately, the profession of music back home, but on the night before our lighting effects. The settings would Wd of the profession will, no doubt, follow cepted at his own sweet will. Due to the The Green-eyed Monster ment park. You have doubtless never has not yet attained those standards arrival, the steerage turned itself into a be tolerated m second-class Amerie °f t*S ^ e must seem to them a nation .u;s Avnmnle long hours of his daily task he has little , u, , been so badly bumped in your life. of education which make for a real kind of Latin song festival—quite different move theaters. The entire cast of ~ «t beaters upon tom-toms and dish pans. That we do not deal with a mechanical opportunity to mingle with his fellows and ANOTHER cause for unethical con- e cannot help feeling, however, that in restraining influence, while the actual sub iect nor an admini tration of political, learn from them. In many cases he does ^ d«ct is the green-eyed »onster-,eaI- and very much more thrilling than the formers may be limited to five or , moral character is given little, if any, real The “Big Four" of Fol\ Songs persons—popular favorites ^ some respects American jazz is like the laws as do the not even want to do so, too often because cmy. One is jealous of another because bacchanalian chorus of American refugees His the second has more pupils, earns more . m?r’can dollar. The Europeans feign attention. We therefore have far to go other two professions mentioned, is a he is in fear of being found from the bonds of prohibition in the smok¬ f)NCE IN your room you are surprised and much to do. But a beginning has been „ Shared with money, gets more pupils before the public, ventionM ** * “ j- )letest ‘he dollar in principle, but cor- point to be remembered. The musical art methods ing room of the “First Class.” by a group of singers under your made. Various organizations and societies under no" control. He and therefore gains more notoriety. It is Liquid tenors, incipient Carusos, with something they describe as 'the^Se "y wdcome as many of them as they or, agent of human expression. Yet it no one e window. They do their entire repertory can possibly capture. have formed codes of ethics and qualifi¬ one-nor to any stand- curious how this obtains, even in institu- their hands on their chests and their gaze be obedient to certain laws (easily is responsible of four numbers and you are honored and cations of teachers in the way of knowl¬ defined "and"Tonne'd) of certain"physical ard, not even in college or school. The lions where loyalty should be to the college focused upon Mars, rich tropical contraltos, pleased by your reception and show your edge—as yet with little authority and co¬ actions standards of good taste and co- authorities of many schools and colleges or school of which the teachers are a part, bird-voiced sopranos, and cavernous bassos fair -favor. 6 received *i American affluence by “mancie,” thrown Napoli e Una Cansone” is only the operation but nevertheless with some force. herency which must be known and obeyed know nothing about his work and care But even in these schools and colleges, bubbled up everywhere from the hatch¬ carelessly from your window. This starts Here comes the real sta They have at least presented examples for to produce the best results. So it would little about his ideals. the teachers go them own ways meet but ways. They sniffed the air as though He is a handsome fellow usualk- m » ta first of a long scries of lively and in¬ you up in business partnership with the emulation and imitation. seem that-a real standard of musical edu- Music is yet to many a queer sort of seldom and work solely and entirely for trying to catch a breath of orange blos¬ in full evening dress. His rener? ™ serenaders, who are likely to appear every structive musical articles' by Mr. lames cation can be founded and firmly estab- practice—vague and uncertain, amusing, themselves. How silly it all is-worthy soms, Camellias, roses, and jasmine. An made up wholly 0f Neapolitan folkT hour thereafter until you^ patch the leak Francis Cooke, which will appear in Initial Attempts “shed while a code of ethics, affecting entertaining, even emotionally uplifting- of a group of ch.ldren squabbling over impromptu orchestra composed of guitars, some new, some old. If he werfi ® in your pocketbook. But it is worth this the relations of teachers to each other and but certainly not really educative and toys. When I was a student in Pans, all night, he would still have h; 6 5111 succeeding issues of “The Etude.” OTABLE has been this in the case mandolins, accordions, violins, clarinets, and much more to carry in your memory N to tbeir pupils, as well as to their duty to strengthening. As a vital factor in emo- other teachers said of the great Mar- audience with him. He is as V of the American Academy of Teach¬ and an Indiana saxophone, all fitting beau¬ the peculiar but delightful timbre of the This article will be continued in June. the world must be formed as a guide to tional and mental training of the child and chest, the teacher of Melba, Eames and ers of Singing founded in my pwn house tifully into the scene, appeared like an soprano; who sings the melodies. You 'dol as the Toreador" Seville enat-; conduct Otherwise its agents will never adult it must derftand and secure its place. Calve, that she was a ruiner of voices, the long intermissions betweeThi T" El July “The Glory Thai IVas Rome” in New York City by my invitation five apparition on the aft deck from those decks have come-to Naples for song and it is gain recognition in general education. It is just as true of a profession as it is That seems to be a popular phrase today— years ago. This society has given out an fumes of garlic, Chianti, and spaghetti. proper that you should pay for it. the audience turns itselfinto a S" "',!l bc Published; and in August will Ethically the musical profession is most of life and nations and cities and towns a ruiner of voices! We seldom, if ever, choral society. It is eas to ^ >d c admirable Code of Ethics, a set of qualifi¬ eppear "Florence the City of Flowers.” at fault through the autocracy of its in- that where there are no standards, no hear of a piano teacher rutmng his pupils cations for teachers, and. finally, a corn- MAY 1928 Page 859

the etude the etude Page 858 MAY 1928 n, therefore, measure musical lcarnin, id knowledge and ability, and we hands, although I have heard it. All the taste. All right 1 __ - - - . „ _art and in people, ■ (Cinderella at the ‘Piano teachers in Paris have “ruined’’ somebody, his life or conduct the musician gives the beautiful in nature, m a^er ^ js ...id out how best to do it. The same criticism is heard in New York, impression of the opposite of these at- leads to right ac ing. ’ iyj-usjc a;js Perhaps dne of the most serious 0f a]. London, Berlin. Is it not detestable? tributes, then he is a charlatan, a deceiver, the best prevention o • ^ thmk unethical practices in the musical profes. Py WILLIAM BeNBOW No one has a right to criticize a teacher a trickster. By their fruits shall you know in making people e a sion is the stealing away of other teach Now stop and read again those last three the bass staff is a task in itself, and you unless he has seen and heard him give them—also by their deeds. We who deal straight ers’ pupils. Individual teachers are guj]t" gross—but every single note counts plus sentences and count the different motions AN YOU TELL me, Miss Student, should see to it that the eye does its work lessons. If a doctor operates upon a very with the beautiful, portraying it, interpret- frequently, either openly or by stealth, 0f C or minus in the integrity of its message. the eye alone has made. All that dancing Conflict of Mind and Emotion what makes you halt and stutter so accurately and quickly before telling Cin¬ ill patient and the patient dies, do we call ing it, preaching it and teaching it, have a urging pupils of other teachers to come to So far we have been considering our of the eye covers only the first three the surgeon a murderer? Once in a while, great and a grave responsibility. We also MAN FROM the very beginning has study with them. Sometimes they make when playing at sight? derella to play it. Where do you strike the most wrong- main difficulty which is—you. You have sounds of the composition. yes. But seldom. Yet blame in our pro- have a great privilege. Let us so live that been subject to a conflict between other students their messengers for this not played fair with your Cinderella. She fession is almost always rampant without we may show what the influence of music notes when learning a new composition? plain physical brain and emotion or soul. purpose. Or perhaps they drop disparag. does not deserve to be treated with frowns Pass On the Blue Print any semblance of just cause. Pupils say really can be, that we may give examples Why do you fumble and stumble so when A Winter's Tale So, when the over-development of the ing remarks about their fellow-teachers and impatience. You must change your teachers ruined their voices, when they, of true appreciation of the best in life, ~ ■ ' Jakes p]acei inspiration and memorizing? T F THE EYE has done his work rightly, This last is one of the lowest forms 0| attitude toward her and give her due recog¬ in reality, had no voices to ruin. The poor so that what we claim for our art we show ' ' • ] in , Likewise, when the The answer is, that in all these cases, 1 he may then pass on his record to Cin¬ HOW MAY we .best overcome these unfair competition. It should be stopped nition and attention. Resolve to do that teacher! What he has to suffer from in our daily lives, making our light so shine . allowed to run rampant, un- the chief trouble lies with the left-hand derella. This blue-print she must mentally difficulties? Consider this Winter’s and it can be stopped. others! Then how he makes the others liefore men that they will recognize in the el , . nmresses of the chords. Your left hand is the poor Cin¬ and the rest is easy. lav on the keys to build on. Here we hav e Tale. Most of us have no trouble walk¬ A very important part of real ethical an entirely different process. Those quick, ing, as the motions have become auto¬ suffer! All without point, without cause divine art of music an influence towards guided by ^ ■ „„aandP coherency are derella who gets much work and little or sense. real happiness and human excellence. )raul’ behavior should be the obligation on the Plain Talk With the Overseer long and repeated skips that Cinderella matically easy. But to-day the streets of i their action. A balance is part of the teacher to give the prospective glory. That is one reason why we have so much We must, then, as a fundamental of our paralyzed Consider what a useful member of so¬ OW LET us assume that you have must manage in our Nocturne are by no our city are so icy that people are watch¬ pupil, or, for that matter, any pupil study¬ N unhappiness in the profession. Another ethical conduct in our profession, believe hard to attain. thicallx ..the dou- ciety she is. And how versatile! Tn a willed to give her proper attention. means easy. The difficulty is further ag¬ ing every step they take. They are mov¬ ing with the teacher, honest advice re¬ reason is that the musician never gets away in the ultimate good, [f a thing is bad it -Music senes, even etc y,-* march she is called upon to beat the drum. What is the next difficulty with the left- gravated by the fact that on the upward ing slowly in order to be safe. from “shop." He talks it, eats it. sleeps will die. This is the germ of belief as a ble purpose of recreation and of the garding the future. Both teacher and Then perhaps for this Spanish Dance she hand part? Well, the next trouble is not skip the upper note of the chord must be So our answer is: There are three it, blames it, criticizes it, hates it and loves fundamental in any philosophy of life. It actual development of the tdcalis ic si e student should understand thoroughly for must deftly jump for the tambourine and with the left hand at all. Cinderella may taken by the second finger throughout things to do: it. He thinks of nothing else. Every may he a song, a poetn, an idea, but if it adult or child. The influence ot this upon what purpose the student i studying. give it a shake. In this Serenade she has rest a little, while we have a little plain the composition. (1) Take one step or difficulty at a time musician should have a hobby and ride it is had, it will die. It cannot survive be- the conduct is far greater than most peo- Many a heartache would I avoided and t0 pluck out some mandolin notes or play talk with her Overseer. Of course, the But remember that, while Cinderella (2) Move slowly to death. But the hobby should not be cause it is false and so out of rhythm, out pie realize. It makes for fair play, love, much disappointment pre i ted if the the harp. Only very occasionally has she Overseer is, tlie Eye, and he has been care¬ is thus frisking about over the keys, the (3) Be accurate. music. He should get a rest from that a of tune and void of spirit. 1 wish this kindness and the arousing of the very in¬ teacher would tell the pupl! frankly just (Iverseer is now doubly busy, for the eye a chance to play a lovely cello solo. less and has misspelled so many chords. One difficulty at a time. We begin with certain number of hours out of every one little gospel could be preached in every stincts which lead to a truly moral atti- what he considered the i iltilitics, or ;s leading the hand in all this rapid, jerky He always has more trouble with the notes reading, as there lies our first task. As twenty-four. You will say, “But he must town and city in the world. I know it is tude towards life, while, instead of mere probabilities, for the futm Everybody course. I-ct us suppose you are reading The Tas\s of Cinderella above and below the staff, because, when before observed, there is a double trouble make money!” Well, he can make a little difficult to believe this under some condi- restraint of the imagination, a healthy this Nocturne at sight. Your eye looks should lie allowed to study music, either AVE YOU noticed what a range is they are below, he counts downward and for the average student in simply reading less. He can take time to study, to know tions but, just the same, wc find in the sense of proportion and balance is ex¬ in a private studio or in a < ge, for cul¬ H at the first two notes of the right hand, something else. Then his musical work long run it is true. We cannot win if we cited in the child as well as in the adult, covered by the left hand? Look at the when they are above, he counts upward. rapidly and alternately above and below tural purposes, whether hi. gifted or B flat—G, then down to the left-hand, low will improve one hundred per cent, and are bad. • A human being developed mentally to left-hand part in Chopin’s Nocturnes and The truth is that in this Nocturne the the bass staff. One step at a time means not; but certainly a reputable teacher E flat, then down to the corresponding he will make more money anyway. So we see again, as I have said, that extraordinary efficiency, with little sense compare with it the range of the right eye has much more of a task in reading the- - -read the notes below the staff first by should be willing to give hi indents hon- key on the piano for the right hand, then ethical standards come only after other of the real emotional ideal of beauty, will hand. Let us take as a representative com¬ left-hand part than in reading the right- themselves. Do not play them. Simply le 1,ve with, another example of the adoption of an ethical u aide in the centrated attention upon its own prob¬ are going to help make our but also in the circulars and printed matter le sPeclallsm of the day. musical profession ? lems? If you will only realize this, it will each for Cinderella to work on, the rest of the first two pages being repetition. people a cultured people with an appre¬ issued from the studio or college. It is 2. What has been the chi, obstacle in materially assist you, because almost all adopting such an attitude!’ students underrate tile careful considera¬ By this time the few low notes on the ciation for the beautiful, if we are going one thing to teach for money, thereby gain¬ Challenger of Ghosts to aid in developing the child into a moral, ing a well deserved livelihood. It is quite 3. Why is the observance of a gener¬ tion the left hand demands. With hardly last page of the Nocturne need practically ethical, decent, kind, generous, emotionally- other thing to so commercialize the art XAfE CAN see> Ikon, that sociability is ally accepted ethical code not destructive an exception students thmk that part “does no attention. uplifted human being, we must take c ... music that it is sold exactly like any v JPv in a way- altruism- - thoughtfulness-.uu(5„[,uurcss to individuality ? not matter so much” if only the melody is Take the notes above the staff in the places among the real workers of the commodity of pots and pans, cleaning and kindness towards others. Certainly 4. How may a musician free himself sung with grace and feeling. same way, but, instead of taking the two world, interested in politics, government, preparations, clothing or machinery. I know 110 °ne can deny that it is largely feeling, from too much "shop?" notes of the first chord (G and E flat) to¬ religion, ethics, esthetics, physical culture, that it is an age of advertising and that not thought. No man can give" what he 5. Name three unethical'practices to be Parable of the Button gether, take only the higher note, E flat, economy and business and all the questions we probably must announce in some way las .not! he cannot distribute cheer and overcome in the musical profession. CONSIDER the Parable of the Button. and then G at the top of the next chord. of the complex modern life which we what we have to sell, but I cannot help cm°tional uplift, even if lie is highly men- You have, no doubt, seen some of the Concentrate on the reading of these high share. We must develop our profession recalling the words my father preached tally developed, if he is emotionally ar- newspaper pictures of Queen Marie who notes. Read them rapidly, without play¬ ing. Do this only with the two different into a living vital influence, not an accom- years ago when he said to me: “You tistically and musically dead. He is' out 'Ghat Fifth Finger recently visited our country. People every¬ plishment, a mere trade or means of mak- may become the greatest man in the world. °f rhythm and time with life. In sava„ where were attracted by her face, figure phrases already indicated, the rest of the first two pages merely repeating these. ing money. If wc do this the money will But let the world find it out.” Exagger- time music, crude as it was, was used t° By Rena I. Carver and personality. come anyway, if we know our jobs. But a ted statements bordering upon truth and frighten away ghosts or to' charm a ° But suppose, as you looked at the pic¬ Next step, play only these upper notes, must assume our own duties and put untruth are not onlv unethical but are in disease, evil spirits and rlemr,,-,- -t 'w Feuce was a high school girl with a the first with tile second finger and the love for music and an earnest purpose, ture, you saw that one of the buttons of the profession of music upon the same dig- bad taste. They therefore only help her dress was missing. What would you next chord’s high note with the thumb. .. ■ "Hf™•— - *7*7»««•rs,■££; u skf had discontinued lessons for a ni tied footing as the law and medicine, bringing odium to the profession. ghosts and demons, which are just a- ter have thought? You would say it was You will notice that these two fingers are while, due to a full school course. She had architecture and engineering, and all the Another ethical improvement could be rifying in their unpardonable in both the Queen and her so employed throughout the Nocturne. ire those of our been trained to keep the fifth finger straight other professions, trades and businesses made by stimulating the singing of our savage ancestors, Cinderella. A little further thought and her hand (which was small and plump, which hold an honorable position in the °'vn patriotic songs in every school every So, let ns look at things as th would bring you to realize that that but¬ W1*k short fingers) in correct position. Learning the Skips world and which have made themselves day. It would start the children off with are and not be deceived b • ^ r. ton, however small and apparently un¬ necessary to the world. Don’t forget it! a good feeling Of patriotism, a kind of statements and all kinds of fan’- ■ ?rancJ10SC Felice’s chum had a large hand, was observed, was one of the multitudinous NEXT, DO not fill in the other notes It is by such hard work, high standards, community feeling which would bind them Even in music we can he a?ctnnes. never very careful about position or tone, elements of expression of her person¬ of the chords yet. First play the honest dealing and true ambition that together. Wc hear it said by our own pen- scoffer last year, when I P.ract,_ . A and curved her little finger with knuckles ality. You will have to confess that with¬ low bass note, then the two consecutive they made themselves necessary. Cannot P'e that our songs are such poor songs, about these things in tile n''3S Spca*'‘ng Pushed down. Noticing this Felice be¬ out that button you would think less of her. upper notes, because your chief difficulty wc do the same? 1 have lived in many countries and I would own home said “You W:,,H acy of my gan to force her fifth finger. Seeing her Perhaps she bought those buttons by the is the jumping from the left-hand fifth like to know what nation has any better ethical conduct among artists’K ^ SC‘ ?"y "'stru«or’ after some months, she admitted dozens. But how cheap or costly they finger on the low E flat up to the second The Paradox-An Unethical Musician ^ the” as are not deaIi"S wffiEthev mat she had made a mistake and was now were matters very little beside the start¬ finger on the upper note of the following Those of other nations are very different things of life “mmon sense doing everything she could think of to T N BEING unethical the musician denies from ours, but thev arc in reality little, if can vet eth.Val u 's a fanc-v- You ling fact that for the time being that par¬ chord. rengthen and straighten her fingers. After this can be done rapidly—ISO 1 the very things which we claim music any, better. " " whose mine°nly from ™«i ticular button became a touchstone of per¬ One direction given her was this: When¬ eighths to a minute—proceed to fill in the gives and develops. We say music gives It must be kept in mind that platitudes, forgot that m,‘ "■ ■ realit-v-” He sonality. WILLIAM BENBOW e'er there is a chance to do so, the fifth emotional uplift, that it brings us beauty, dogmas and cast-iron laws are not at all title as chem' t 'V".'ts way, as scien- When you are building up your tone Born' at" Columbus, Ohio, in 1865; educated at Ohio Stale University, in lower notes of the chords, and work up to appreciation of the higher emotions and in their effect what thev seem to preach is coherent 7' • 'S n0t art Until it ngers should be held at right angles to picture at the piano the left hand has to Philadelphia and in England; successful organist, chiefly m Columbus, heading a speed of at least 144 to a minute, in better qualities of human nature, that it They are apt to be retroactive and nega- latcd FrL eX.presslve’ sane and regu- ,6 of the hands and the muscles play some notes (for instance, of the com-, (Pennsylvania) and Buffalo (New York). (Continued on Page 403) develops the senses of proportion and good tive. Pitted against them is the principle in form Th.?"™ ”"l”"s,!n” put out should be tensed and moved until slightly mon chords) over and over—so much a answers his question. Wc T?, ‘ ^u’s she did at intervals every day> with good results. MAY 1928 Page 361 TEE ETUDE Page SGO MAY 1928 TEE ETUDE One Hour at the Piano

A Highly Concentrated Plan of Study by a Famous London teacher when selecting a new piece, endeavor to I. Always lift your hands well up at E. Staccato touch is for later work; find a progressive one, so as to insure ad- O THOSE pianoforte students who rests, doing so from the wrist before re¬ T defer it for many a month. When you vancement, not mere repetition of what you can devote three or four hours a moving, the hand from over the keys. do apply yourself to its study, remember day to their work, it is not of su¬ After the mark ^ (which means have already acquired. it can be produced in two distinct ways, Q. Do not limit yourself to too many preme consequence if half an hour of their elongate the note), do not proceed without known as “wrist staccato” and “finger Sonatas, nor rush to the other extreme of time is wasted. When I say “wasted,” I a further short pause. When it is placed staccato.” The first named is accomplished discarding them completely. Alternation mean that it has not been employed to the over a rest, this extra pause is, of course, greatest advantage, for time cannot have by raising the whole hand from the wrist, in your choice will develop your taste and and touching the keys with .more or less not needed. judgment. Not every modern piece is rub¬ been utterly wasted while fingers are ex¬ J. Give closest attention to correct flattened finger-tips. This is employed bish, nor is every Sonata equally improv¬ ercised and right notes are played. Some¬ fingering, from the first, so as not to have thin"- must have been gained, though it only in octaves, sixths or chords. ing. Although Beethoven is the supreme “Finger staccato” is more difficult. The to change it. Do not rely too uniformly may not have been all that was obtainable. Sonata composer, there are others whose hand has to be held at a somewhat higher on the printed fingering; if you can find But those others, equally anxious to im¬ works deserve study, notably Haydn, level than ordinarily from the key-board, easier ones, by all means adopt them. The prove, who cannot give more than, say, an dementi and Weber. Too much of any and from this artificial level the fingers object of all fingering is to facilitate ex¬ hour a day to their piano, need some guid¬ one composer is apt to cramp your style, drip down in circular - shape to the keys, ecutions, and some editors appear to have ance as to how to get the utmost return overlooked this in their uncomfortable and lessen your outlook. without the slightest alteration of the R. Make no effort to memoriae. To with the least expenditure of time and recommendations. hand’s position. This is applied to all kinds play without the open book is but a passing trouble. They cannot afford to invest in of passages, and exacts the closest atten¬ K. In older days, the fingering which exercises of doubtful utility. For them suited a passage in any particular tonality erase of the moment. There is no musical tion. value in it; and many of the greatest it is essential that every moment of their F. Octaves, whether or not, was changed to another when a transposi¬ limited time shall be filled with remunera¬ tion occurred. For instance, the fingering virtuosi have never indulged in so cheap should not invariably be fingered by an exhibition. I do not say you should tive work; and they have not the experi¬ thumb and little finger. The black keys, for the root position of the common chord ence which would lead them to a wise or arpeggio of C major was altered when never play by heart. All I say is: make especially in legato passages, need the no effort to do so. When you know a selection. fourth, not the fifth, finger. Thus, for the it occurred in D flat. But the- modern method differs from this. It seeks a piece very thoroughly, every passage in Promiscuous practice they should avoid. right hand: They should adopt some definite order that fingering which can be applied equally to it, every repetition that occurs, every sec¬ shall economize labor and yet be efficient- recurring passages, though they be in tion of its form, all its fingering, and all some plan for constant observance. And different tonalities, and goes so far as its musical meaning and purpose, you will to them I offer suggestions, formulated on even to sacrifice convenience in one for the be able to dispense with reading the notes the experience of many years’ teaching in sake of uniformity in several. every time you play it. It will happen hundreds of successful cases. If properly Thus, for the left: L. Use the little finger of both hands automatically, as the natural result of understood and scrupulously followed, more freely than has been the fashion, and complete mastery. The fingers will grope they cannot fail to prove of highest^ bene¬ do not at all times avoid using the thumb their way largely of their own account, de¬ fit. But before proceeding to advise on on a black key. It is not always desirable manding little else than concentration and these technicalities, I must mention some to finish an ascending arpeggio in the absorption on your part. S. To master a work thoroughly you generalities which apply to students in There are even some cases in which the right hand with the fifth finger; nor is it should analyse it as soon as you start upon every grade of advancement. third finger (the middle one) is to be the always desirable to employ the fifth finger it. Find out its component parts; its first A, The piano 'should always be in per¬ thumb’s companion. For instance: for the lowest key in the left hand. As “subject,” its second one, its bridge, its in¬ fect tune; it does not matter about the Right hand, a rule the little finger is not used in the terpolated bravura passages, its recapitula¬ quality of its tone, but the touch should course of a scale, but it may be necessary to tion, its coda, in fact its structure, its not be worn out, nor uneven. Each key do so in ornamentally constructed ones. skeleton. Only after careful analysis will should require an equal amount of de¬ M. Whenever it is possible to do other¬ you be able to retain its form, or to pression, and each finger should be capable wise, do not let the little finger of the left render it with the requisite distinction of striking with equal strength. The hand do more than its legitimate share of and left hand, between its important and subordinate fourtli finger of both hands (the one next work. Passages like this: sections. to the little finger) will require an. extra 6 T. Do not attempt pieces that are tech¬ dose of cod-liver oil to overcome its in¬ nically beyond your powers. It is far herent weakness. more artistic and remunerative to play a B. All scales and arpeggi, in “parallel’ less difficult piece as perfectly as pos¬ movement, are to be extended over the G. Do not sit too close to the keys. are not to be fingered with the little finger sible, than to flounder in Chopin and entire key-board, by adult students. Chil¬ Allow room for the right hand to reach on the chords, but with the fourth. This scramble Liszt. If you call (as I have dren, whose arms cannot reach so far, may low down, and for the left to reach high done) upon one of the world’s most - reduce this to two octaves, but not to less. cannot, of course, obtain, when the chord up without touching your waist. .nent virtuosi unexpectedly, you will find As soon as the construction of scale and is so full as to require its employment. H. When reaching to keys far above or him at work on what may sound like arpeggio has been learned, the book should below the center of the key-board, do not elementary finger exercises, but he will no longer be referred to—the student do so at arm’s length, for that will always tell you that they are his indispensable should rely on his knowledge for right weaken your stroke. Let your arms go daily practice. Let him be your example. notes. Scales and arpeggi in “contrary’ with your hands to these extreme places, Show-pieces should be the entrees of your movement should extend to two octaves, holding your elbows well away from your N. Beware of the vice of playing chords meal; no healthy body can thrive on only and when commenced in the center of the ribs. These diagrams, purposely exag¬ such. key-board, should do so at the distance of arpeggio when not so marked by the com¬ gerated, will show what I mean. poser. It is an “effect” to be employed, like U. Your course of study will probably an octave between the hands, not on the run somewhat on these lines: Plaidy, same key. The compass of the key-board every other, on occasion, but not constantly. O. Do not use either of the pedals in Pischna, Czerny, Clementi, Cramer, Scar¬ at both ends should be carefully. noted, latti, Chopin, with Bach thrown in early because it varies in pianos of different your early work. They are to be reserved as the very last accessory in performance. and late, and supplemented by Moscheles make. When a piece has been thoroughly mas¬ and Brahms. Schumann and Liszt are not C. Everything, whether exercise or tered technically, it will be time enough to “studies” at all; theirs are advanced piece, must always be practiced slowly at add the pedalling, and then it. will require solos. Mendelssohn, though musically ex¬ first. Quick practice at a too early date as much attention as any other division of cellent, offers but little that is technically means ruin. When the pace is increased, your task. Haphazard pedalling is a very new; and Mozart, though supremely musi¬ let it be gradual, not from slow to abso¬ bad habit. Schumann was very fond of cal, is anticipated technically by Haydn. lute quick all at once. Always return to “una corda,” but, excepting on very rare Beethoven is Beethoven, both musically the slow pace, if correction is needed in occasions, it has a sickly effect. It was not and technically—what that means no words the quicker. his only eccentricity, by a good many. of mine can define. D. In the absence of indication to the Both pedals have been not inaptly de¬ V. Beware of quacks and their noisily contrary by the composer (as we find in scribed as “the refuge of the destitute.” Let advertised systems. No high road to per¬ Bach and most of the older composers), A Wonderful New Etching of Johannes Brahms your playing be more from your fingers fection has as yet been evolved either in the normal touch is always “legato,” and than from your feet. playing the piano or in any other occupa- the coloring should at all times be “forte ’ This Masterpiece, by Ham Bauer, is the third in a Stable Series presmt , , , P. Give the larger share of your limited when practicing. This is the universal time to finger work and studies,' for these. To assert that A’s system is the only rule, even though ultimately staccato and THESE ARE MR. BERGER’S OWN first time in America, by The Etude °T th& not pieces, will improve your playing. And, one leading to the most desirable results, piano may be wanted. SKETCHES the ETVDn MAY 1928 the etude Keeping the . Have the pupil get a few pieces note conscious of the confusion of sounds The young musician often encounters Simplified it, reading the notes over to himself. perfect. Thi> stresses the inqiortatice of which they produce by bad pedaling. This accuracy. exactly this kind of a difficulty in the ■i. Give frequent opportunities for him is so only because they have not learned rendering of figures consisting of a number By Sylvia Weinstein to read over compositions which he has 6. After the pupil can read the treble to listen to themselves. They must first of repetitions of similar groupings of never seen before. notes accurately, stress the has- and see be aroused to do this, and better pedaling must be played as if it were written thus: notes, such as •hat it is mastered just as thoroughly. To obtain an ease in reading notes and a memorize easy se- will follow as a matter of course'. 7. As the pupil advances, try transposi¬ also overcome the technical difficulties in a ay he not only goes Prescribed pedalings should be left for Ex. 3 Ex. 1 tion occasionally. page of chord progressions, such as are fre¬ the virtuoso teaching advanced students. quently found in marches and etudes, play Here special effects will be (jesired and in the top note of each chord, through one or all probablity the pupil will be unequal to Phrases, until the melodic outline be- ‘Rpw Boat Playing discovering the means for producing these. apparent. Then play these same But preparatory work deals rather with By A. E. Campbell n octaves, the lowest and highest the formation of habits than with special of each chord. Picture a wonderful summer evening performance. An exhaustive acquaintance Next; in order the notes appearing ^re the da* shadow! i'Xn b r°°th *aain* which is aga!" with the ordinary use's of the pedal is re¬ between the octaves. Many of these either olassy urare yi f °n tlle water’s ken .by the pull. quisite before exceptional pedaling can be To read every note singly and to keep remain on the same line or space for'sev- across the nn Hi f“tly a ca"<* glides ,Uhc" your pupil has a dreaim melody considered. The damper pedal is perhaps track of them without losing ones place eral chords or move small intervals above i,pi,/ the ^t° r T' the Padd>e wh,<* he ^ unevenly, liken his plaving most frequently used as an aid to legato and the pedal used as indicated. Only in is almost a physical impossibility. The or below. When these are easily read, Then a Ifftfe rowILf regular .^rvals. t0 ‘he row boat. Show him how his playing, and its employment for this pur¬ this way will the full sonority of the moie one tnes hard to do so, the more apt they may be put in their place between the with its oars crackiiL°!lies,,]erklly along, unevenness is spoiling the beautiful picture pose must be mastered first. Another of chord be sustained. Note that the right the eye is simply to make a blur of the octaves. Thus the entire chord is played You s e it shoo f rwar'l ‘-f, °ar locks' ‘'!at h“ *<* should represent Stimulate its elementary purposes is to intensify hand is played immediately after the bass ,„Be. There . remedy for how « being eoeily and dearly read. each poll d b* TelS in rhythmic pulses. When these two uses are note, and the upper note in the left hand is clearly understood and can be easily ap¬ PAULINE MALLET PROVOST ORNSTEIN Page 865 THE PAVDE MAY 1928 the etude Page 3GJt MAY 1928 bass notes while releasing weaker un„„ allowed to follow. Only when played thus Liszt, Liebestraume notes. The vibrato pedal is effective alf can the pedal function properly in slow in martellato trills where a gradual diming tempo. If the hands are combined in the endo is desired. T5he (Romance of the (Dot more usual way: The half pedal is used often, particularly in modern music. y ^3he Seventeen Functions of FYCusic s Smallest Sign Ex.4 Sometimes, as in the following (as Weu Here, if the metronome mark is set at By Clement Antrobus Harris * to the half note, it may be Pedfed** dicated above. If, however, the metro¬ Liszt, Liebestraume Dots are likewise used in music as signs nome be set at 80 to the quarter note it it or below? There is a rule on the point, be used at all—why not write a note of the would be pedaled as follows because of the IT WOULD almost seem that the more exact length desired? The answer is that of continuance in the following ways: minute a sign is the more varied and hut it is apparently little known, and per¬ 10. Continuance of a syllable over two * slow tempo: haps still less appreciated. If the note next this plan would require tivo characters, a numerous are the services it renders to note and a rest in place of the present one or more notes. Strictly, they should be . The dot is an instance : to the dotted one is higher than its prede¬ used only when the syllable is a complete either the legato quality of the melody ; or three characters, a note it forms or is an integral part of, at least cessor the dot should be in the space above; word or the last syllable of one, hyphens will be sacrificed or the bass note will be and two rests, in place of- a staccatissimo seventeen musical signs, falling naturally if lower, in the space below. Many being used in other cases: lost, thus destroying the clarity of the har¬ note with its dash! into five groups representing as many sep¬ cases arise in which a note belonging to two monic progression. The chord obviously There are times when the damper pedal voice-parts and having two stems is dot¬ 5. Semi-staccato. The invention of cannot be rolled at great speed because of arate functions: " this sign, .T.7T.7I , is attributed by some is used, not for legato but for the pur¬ 1 Time and rhythm: The dot was a ted ; and the question arises, “does the dot the quiet mood, and this would be the only writers to W. A. Mozart (1756-91), and pose of accentuating a rhythmic pulse. a lovely and unusual effect is obtained by constituent element in no fewer than ten apply to both notes or one, and if only one, other "means of achieving continuity. Its management for this purpose is the by others to composers of the early clearing the pedal a moment late. This can of the fifteen characters which formed the which?” Of course, careful analysis will A - ®en. Correct use of the pedal often makes exact opposite of its legato use. Since half of the century in which he was born; be done only under rare conditions, but —that system of lines, angles and answer the question, but sometimes the in¬ possible a simplified fingering. Consecu¬ its objective is now merely to intensify and but these latter do not quote instances. there are times when the blur thus pro¬ curves which from the eighth century correct placing of a- dot sends the sight- 11. In one case dots are used for the tive fifth fingers or thumbs can be used in .redouble the accent made by the hands, Where a single note is to be played with duced is most effective, since it lasts but (some say fourth) to the twelfth gave an reader off on a false scent. Take the fol¬ same purpose in the making of a slur: playing a melody and yet a perfect legato it will coincide in direction with the down¬ this touch a short, straight stroke is placed an instant, and the clear harmony emerges approximate idea of-the accent and melody lowing extract from Henry Smart’s Fes¬ This is when two or more verses of a will be maintained by the pedal. For ward motions of the hands, and it will in over the dot instead of a curved line, thus: as from a tonal mist. of ecclesiastical chants. The germ of the tive March in D, for instance: hymn or song are written under one ver¬ instance: general remain down only for short - . This is because a curve would make There are almost endless effects that the staff appeared about 900 A. D„ and four sion of music. The slur applies to one or periods. A good example of this is the E*.2 the sign identical with that used for a student will enjoy discovering for himself. hundred years later the dot reappeared. more verses, but not to all. following: pause; res . But confusion has over¬ Individual research with the foregoing This time it was used as a separate sign Schumann, Romance taken the sign even in this qualified form, Ex. 8 Bach-Saint S.aene, Gavotte principles in mind should yield a rich re¬ with four meanings, all having reference to for it has since been invested with a very ward. time-values. Three of these could be made The matter of tempo also enters into such different, indeed opposite, meaning, which The soft pedal is best used for its sor¬ clear only by a lengthy excursion into me¬ the following: will be considered presently (see 7). dine effect rather than actually to diminish dieval time-systems long obsolete. But one Anyone playing it for the first time might 6. Mezzo-staccato with Accent. It may Grieg, Holberg Suite the amount of tone. A beautiful pianissimo of them, the Punctus Augmentations, sur¬ easily suppose the half-notes to be dotted. be objected that, as a dot over or under a 12. Duration of an increase or decrease can be made wholly without it> aid, but this vives to the present day with its original But analysis shows that the dots apply note alters its duration (just as does a dot pedal docs lend a quality and peculiar color function—that of prolonging a note one- exclusively to the eighth and quarter-notes; in tone. Cresc..Dim...... they should therefore have been placed after it, though in the opposite direction) 13. Duration of a change in pitch: which constitutes its most important func¬ half. , tion. For four hundred and fifty years or below the notes, except in the case of the the uses of the little sign which we are ... The middle pedal is rarely employed, as thereabouts the dot remained isolated and last note but one—E. now considering should have been included Here, due to the more rapid tempo, the under the heading of “Time and Rhythm. ’ most of its effects can he obtained through single. But by this time rhythms had be¬ It may be added that it is not now cus¬ As a Sign of Repetition '■ top note of the right hand is played with skillful management of the dumper pedal. come much more complicated, and a dotted tomary among careful writers to represent But a close examination of the music of the uppe'r note of the left-hand chord. At It may, however, prove convenient in some note was frequently given seven-quarters an accented beat by a dot; a note-head is classical writers shows that in at least 14. Repetition of a section Ql this tempo the left-hand notes are so nearly many instances, if not all, an incisive touch, very special cases, as is the following, of its undotted value. To remove the un¬ much more impressive to the eye: simultaneous that the pedal can catch the as well as the shortening of the notes, is In modern music the dots are often placed where the bass notes should be held and certainty which this occasioned, Leopold will sound perfectly legato if pedaled as entire chord clearly. Later in the same' Ex. 3 intended. The evolution of notation is al¬ in only two spaces, the second and third. the upper notes should sound detached. Mozart added a second dot, half the value indicated. Awkward positions will be composition appears an octave passage ways in the direction of greater refine¬ The writer is strongly of opinion that avoided and the choice of strong fingers which should be pedaled thus: of the first, and his. still more famous son, both plans should be adopted, but on a dis¬ Wolfgang Amadeus, a pioneer in rhythmic ment, distinction, and detail; and some re¬ will make it far more effective than if the Bach-Saint Sai:»s, Gavotte cent composers have added a straight line criminating basis, so as to avoid confusion notes had been connected by means of intricacies, added a third. Each dot is half Ex. 8 Bach-Saint Saens, Gavotte above dots to indicate messo-staccato with with prolongation-dots. If the last bar of the hand. the value of its predecessor, and, though accent. the section ends with a four-note chord, It is well to study the pedal first in some three is the usual limit, and even that num¬ two dots should be used; if with a two-note piece which is technically not difficult. ber not often reached, it is interesting to (The quotation from W. S. Bennett af¬ Here, even though the chord does not chord, four dots should be used; if with a Children may use it from their earliest notice that no number of dots zvould ever fords an apparent but not real exception change'on the' second and fourth quarters, three-note chord, four dots will best avoid lessons on easy piece's. For older begin¬ double the value of the note, each dot giv¬ to this rule, the lower part being synco¬ such a volume of tone will have been confusion, since one cannot dot more notes ners and students, the E minor Prelude ing exactly half the time length necessary accumulated, due to the number of notes pated). than there are in the chord, but one fre¬ of Chopin presents an excellent opportu¬ for that purpose. 2. The dot is used in manuscript musir 7. Forte- and . More re¬ quently dots fewer. In most cases the nity for studying the pedal in legato. The and their rapidity, that it is wisest to lift to represent the division of a note into as cent developments of the use of the dot, function of the dots is quite clear—at least left-hand chords here change continually, the pedal and to allow the reverberations Position of Dot many equal shorter notes as there are dots. tend to express the very opposite of its it can always be worked out—but there are and, because of the repeated notes, will within the sounding board of the' instru¬ TN THE WRITING of dots a question The idea is to save time and space, but the earlier meaning when associated with time cases in which the above rule would render certainly sound disconnected unless the Note that the pedal here remains down' ment to subside as we approach the new 1 arises as to their position, both on the device is not very effective for either pur¬ and touch. When a dot is used in conjunc¬ accuracy much easier in reading music at pedal is used with care. Every time one on four conflicting notes; the tempo, how¬ harmony. If this be not done, echoes of horizontal and perpendicular planes. Shall old chords will be caught on the new pedal, pose. tion with a separate straight stroke for sight, especially if it is closely printed. of the notes in these chords changes, the ever, is so rapid that this is not objec¬ A sensitive eat and developed taste re¬ a dot be placed immediately after the note and these will muddy the chord progres- each note, the intention is that the notes pedal should be lifted and pressed down tionable, and the following four notes are main the only guides. Acoustics of instru¬ it prolongs, or where a note-head would be Ex.4 15. Repetition from some note other should be given their full value, together afresh. For example: without pedal so that there is time for ments vary, as do those of halls. All possi¬ written if a tie were ’ substituted for the than the first: . Occasionally the damper pedal may be with a forte tone. The same sign is used everything to clarify before the pedal again ble shades of difference can be sensed but dot, that is, in the part of the measure vibrated rapidly up and down to thin out for semi-staccato on single notes and for goes down. Here the pedal’s only value cannot be dictated. No markings can pro¬ proper to the beat it represents? Also, Chopin, Prelude E Minor is that it adds to the' accent and prevents an accumulation of tone without actually marcato. losing it,'as in the following: vide for the contemporary factors that af¬ shall a dot be placed in the same space as An identical sign with a very similar in¬ the passage from sounding dry. fect all playing. But if these conditions the note it prolongs (or next to it if the terpretation was once used in printed music Ex.6 The tempo at which a passage is to be be not properly appraised and allowance note be on a line), .or in the space nearest to indicate an ornament called the bebung, Ex. 13 Liszt, Liebestraume played largely determines its pedaling. By made for them, much of the lieauty of an the note which, follows it in the same voice- but it became obsolete when the pianoforte The direction to repeat from this sign, no means is it always necessary to change otherwise good performance may be for¬ part? superseded the clavichord on which alone Dal Segno, or simply D. S., is quite fre¬ the pedal on each note. It is necessary, feited. Hence the importance of training It will be seen from the following exam¬ it was possible of execution. quently misused, being used where there is however, to clear the pedal entirely at the ear to a highly sclf-critical attitude ple, from his study The Lake, 3. A dot under a semi-circle rr\ has To Define Pitch no and , or D. C„ repeat from every point of definite harmonic stress. cannot be overestimated. been used since the early sixteenth century 8 and 9. T T WILL probably take even the beginning, is meant. Passing notes and even passing harmonics to indicate a pause on a note or rest. Over veteran musicians a mo¬ may under certain circumstances be carried 16. Repetition of a group of notes: ment or two of reflection to recall any case on one pedal. This usually appears in a double-bar it has the same meaning as in which a dot is used in connection with rapid tempo where the confusion will last the word Fine, indicating that the move¬ no longer than an instant. For example: ment ends there after a return from a fur¬ the notation of acuteness and gravity in SELF-HELP QUESTIONS ON that Sir W. Sterndale Bennett answered MRS. ORNSTFIN’S ARTICLE ther section to the beginning. sound. Yet there have been two such cases, both questions in the latter sense. Indeed, and one is still a very frequent occurrence. This abbreviation is very largely em¬ 1. What arc the two most common uses one involves the other unless a leger-line To Indicate Varieties of Touch Our three clefs are simply the letters F, C, ployed in stringed band music. for the damper pedal? is to be written for the sole purpose of hav¬ 4. O TACCATO. It does not appear and G, “writ large” and ornately. They 2. How may the opposite movements of ing a dot placed above and below it, or they 17. Repetition of a word or words: Sometimes an effect of freedom and to be known who first placed a directly identify the pitch of a single line hand and foot coordinated? are to look as though hung in mid-air 1 It breadth can be obtained by lifting the pedal dot over or under a note to indicate it be¬ only; but as they extend over the whole 3. Formulate two general ndcs for rais¬ will also be noticed that the placing of a dot stave, or most of it, this line is not always Ex. 11 with each note of a portamento melody. ing the pedal. ing disconnected from the next note. So, The impression will be df legato, but of a in its proper accentual position may involve easy to recognize; consequently, in two Care must be taken then not to lift 4. What is the result of rapidly vibrat¬ it being in a different measure from that before assuming that this was done by any legato different from one produced by the particular early writer, we must be sure cases, the F and C clefs, dots have been' pedal entirely. This half pedal, with ing the damper pedal? containing the note it prolongs. This was placed above and below the -line to hand. For example: that the copy in which the dots are to be Hal-le-iu-jah,. without the vibrato, is useful in hold s- In what eases u the middle pedal to common practice till quite recently, and has make its identity obvious: be used? been adopted in some cases by Czerny and found is an original edition, and that the mark was not added by an editor. As a Softietimes this sign is employed over the Brahms, as well as W. S. Bennett. definite diminution of length to about one- usical notation, especially in hymn-tunes, Summer Study and Summer Practice, Faithfully Carried Out, Remove One Whichever way the foregoing questions to show the point at which the repetition of may be answered, a third arises: shall the half the written value is now assigned to F clef old form of C clef words begins. All Handicaps in American Musical Education. ° ? * Gre°teSt of dot to a note on a line be in the space above the dot, the question arises why it should MAY 1928 Page 367 THE ETUDE the etude Page 866 MAY 1928 Thus there are seventeen distinct signs in 'Master Vises music of which the dot forms the whole or a part! A Department of Reproduced Music “Bands and Orchestras „ t_r, R fed SELF-HELP QUESTIONS ON By Peter Hugh Reed (Conducted Monthly ‘By MR. HARRIS’S ARTICLE effect will be far more pleasing and A FINE concert pianist was heard Victor J. Grabel logical. 1. When should the prolongation dot be to remark after a recent band con¬ The same point will apply to the third placed below its note? The Etude herewith institutes a Discs of edu- cert that he “had not known it famous band trainer and conductor movement of Raymond. and other over¬ 2. Why should not an accented beat be Master Discs and written by a speciaE of makers Cor- was possible for a band to play so softly, tures having movements of similar char¬ acter. In the Raymond Overture, second represented by a dot? cational importance will be ^ ^ered g addressed The Etude, beautifully and artistically,’ and that he movement, the following passage occurs: 3. Why is the use of the staccato dot respondent relating to this column should Uiad thought such highly artistic results an economy? “Department of Reproduced Music._ were possible only with the symphony or- 4. In what capacity does the dot affect ch^fa matter of fact, the concert band, acuteness or gravity of sound? tached, prismatic in its harmony and to which reference was made, accepted the 5. Hoxv may repetition dots be placed feverish in its rhythmic dynamics. Ideals in Band Performance symphony orchestra as a standard. Its to avoid confusion with prolongation dots? Symphonic Music Music such as this is so essentially re¬ “'T'HE BAYREUTH Festival Album,” setting before you a noble art conductor was a close student of the work lated to the theater that a short analysis of the foremost symphonic conductors and Preparing for (Contests and (Concerts A “Parsifal,” Transformation Scene, rao;t skilled illusion . . •” The realiza¬ will undoubtedly prove helpful. As a Grail Scene and Flower Maidens’ Scene strove to emulate their high artistry in the 'Memorizing by Strategy tion of this as an artistic purpose im¬ ballet, the stage picture discloses an en¬ march almost in the tempo of a military conducted by Karl Muck; “Parsifal,” In¬ performance of his band. His interpreta¬ inant, though it is a purely harmonic part presses one with the extraordinary genius chanted garden, mysteriously lighted. inarch, thus robbing it of its nobility of By E. R. C. Kyle troduction to Act 3, Good Friday Spell with tions were carefully thought out; he in¬ and should be subordinated to the melodic of Wagner. It was he, in fact, who de¬ After the mutteriugs in the strings at Kipnis and Wolf as soloists, conducted by sisted that his players show the same re¬ voice. There are often too many “soloists” •character. If the fourth and fifth measures should signed this playhouse. A Wagner Festival the opening, the Fire Bird enters. Need¬ The duty of the conductor is to inter¬ Poor eye-sight and good memories Siegfried Wagner; “Siegfried,” Forest gard for correct phrasing, artistic expres¬ who display more vain ambition than mu¬ be played in the following manner it will in this Festspiclhaus attracts musical pil¬ less to say, she is a glorious creature of pret. To do this properly he must study often go together, but this does not seem Murmurs, Introduction to Act 3, Fire sion, delicate nuances and such effects as sical feeling and judgment. be found that a new interest is given the grims from all parts of the world; for it flaming feathers. A young Prince hidden to attain' a logical and artistic interpreta¬ to apply to poor eye-sight that has been Music, conducted by Hans von Hoesslin; is displayed by members of the best or¬ The band conductor should instill a feel¬ passage. is indeed a momentous occasion. in the garden captures her, but she ob¬ properly spectacled. Then memory relies “Rheingold,” Entry of Gods into Valhalla chestras. . , ing of team work and an understanding tion of the composition. Unless he en¬ Karl Muck, the conductor of the lirst tains her release hy giving him one of her gages in research, learning something of once more on vision, and, when this is with Rhinemaidens, “Walkure,” The Ride It is true that the band is expected to that each player is but an essential part of withdrawn, inaccuracies result. By dis¬ five discs, will be remembered hy the peo¬ magic feathers. A group of maidens with the history of the composer and the tra¬ with Valkyries, conducted by von Hoesslin play lighter and more diversified programs the complete ensemble and that over-play¬ pensing with glasses, however, a valuable ple of this country for his unrivalled lead¬ a lovely Princess enter and dance, playing dition concerning the composition, and (Columbia). ership for eight seasons with the Boston than the orchestra, yet this fact does not ing on the part of a single player can mar drill may be carried through. It is a great achievement to have re¬ a game with golden apples. At dawn they mean that the band should not exercise the brings to bear a thorough musicianship Symphony Orchestra. Under his guid¬ the entire organization. Melodic parts Any piece the student wishes to memor¬ corded this series of discs in Wagner’s disappear. The Prince is searching for same carefulness in the presentation of and an active imagination, he is not likely ance it reached an acme of perfection un¬ should predominate; accompanying parts ize should be practiced until it can be own playhouse, during the course of the them, when Kastchei, the evil spirit of its numbers. If the symphonic or concert to offer a true and effective interpretation equalled by any orchestra of that day. should be subordinate. The ensemble must played well. Then the glasses should be Festival this past summer. The fame of the place, appears with his grotesque reti¬ band is to attain its highest possible ar¬ of any composition of real merit. His interpretation of “Parsifal’ lias been maintain a distinction between foreground taken off. With the notes looking blurred this playhouse at Beyreuth is world-wide. nue. The feather proves a charm which tistic stature it can be only by accepting I have known an organization with the justly termed by numerous critics the and background, if the resultant musical the student can follow the lines up and It was built in 1872, through the generous saves the young Prince's life, and the the finest symphony orchestra as its pat¬ most complete and well-balanced instru¬ “ultimate” and “unanswerable” reading of portrayal is to be true to nature. down but cannot see distinctly which notes influence of his friend, the King of Ba¬ Fire Bird appears and makes the crowd mentation to play a difficult number with¬ this score. It would not be amiss to say tern and model. In many organizations musical expres¬ they are. varia. With its actuality Wagner realized break into a frenzied dance. Then she The foundation principles of good band out any hesitancy or technical errors, yet that those first five discs are worth the sion is largely the “unknown quantity.” It should be noted that the next phrase Then, before beginning to play, he is one of the crowning dreams of his lifetime shows the Prince an egg hidden in a cas¬ performance must be purity of tone, into¬ secure a rather low rating, due to a me¬ price of the whole album. Therefore to They have not been taught how to give commences, not with the D, but with the obliged to fix in his mind the key in which —a; Festspiclhaus devoted solely to the ket, which contains the demon’s life. nation, flexibility of tone, correct dynamic diocre interpretation, lack of tonal balance, the piece is written and on what notes it criticize any of the others would be dis¬ proper weight and length to notes. They group of sixteenths. Needless to say this production of his own works, those Thereupon, he smashes the egg and the compass, tonal balance, correct phrasing, good expression and so forth. Had the begins. Then, knowing where to start, tinctly paradoxical. However, I must ignore the fact that the emphasis to be should be beaten four in a measure. poignant music dramas that were to make evil one expires and his hideous bevy dis¬ musical expression and artistic interpre¬ director engaged a competent conductor it is easy to follow the blurred line up mention that in several cases the sudden given a note is dependent largely upon its In the Maximilicn Robespierre Over¬ his name so famous. appear. Of course the Prince marries to coach him for one or two rehearsals, and down. Presently there comes a and. detached endings require a number of tation. relative length and pitch and not wholly ture the following dramatic passage oc- Here, the ideal presentation of that mu¬ While jazz is neither taught nor toler¬ his band would have won much higher measure of grace-notes. The glasses will auditions to accustom one .to them. the Princess. The exquisite "Berceuse" upon its position in the measure. They sical cycle known as the “Nibelungen ated in public school music teaching, yet rank. need to be used to find out just what depicts a happy ending to this musical do not know that certain notes in a phrase Ring” is given as the composer himself it has had a baneful effect upon many If our bands and orchestras are to make notes these are—notes which the student The Fire Bird fairy tale. may need to be shortened, while those of wished it. Here, that mystical and fer¬ student players in that many of them have the advance expected of them, their con¬ has probably been playing for a week but Enjoy Your Life and Voices of Spring a different character in the same phrase vent Parsifal, the ultimate pinnacle of his ttnpHE FIRE BIRD Suite” (Slra- been led to emulate the persistent vibrato ductors must study to learn more and has never really seen before. He fixes (J. Strauss), Johann Strauss and Sym¬ may require that they be well sustained. A creative genius, is unforgettably given. 1 vinsky), played by Philadelphia more about the fine art of teaching and that measure in his mind because it is too phony Orchestra (Columbia). The as employed by many jazz players. While knowledge of musical expression is abso¬ One of the features of this theater is the Symphony conducted by Leopold Stokow¬ much trouble to be continually putting the Strauss waltzes arc conducted by the this is permissible in dance organizations lutely essential to high class' performance interpreting music. hidden orchestra which permits the audi¬ ski (Victor). This suite is captivating In the performance of much of the glasses on and off. Then all goes well famous waltz-king’s grandson. His abil¬ it should never be tolerated in a concert and a lack of it is always evident in any ence’s undivided absorption of the stage standard literature for band and orchestra, until he comes to the inevitable difficult music definitely belonging to the theater. ity to project this music is quite in keep¬ band. Beautiful tone is the first require¬ colorless, monotonous performance. picture and the action of the drama. Wag¬ Composed originally for the Russian Bal¬ a conductor, if he wishes to stand out of part, when he must put on the glasses ing with his worthy grandsirc’s creative ment—without it, the most facile technic Before a band can hope to perform ner writing about this conveyed the idea again and see how that peculiar passage let, it has since been revised into a sym¬ genius. There is a certain rhythmical ean be of but small value. music in an intelligent manner it must be the crowd, needs to inject more of art¬ in ah ingenious manner. He said, “ . . . phonic suite. Stokowski excels in this istry and imagination into his interpreta¬ really is played. buoyancy in Johann Strass’ waltzes that The players should be trained, both in¬ taught the underlying principles of musi¬ the mysterious entry of the music will type of music, which is written in the mod¬ tions than has been done heretofore. A few times like this, on different days, *em to toss the cares of this mundane dividually and in ensemble, in great flexi¬ cal phrasing. Phrasing gives definiteness prepare you for an unveiling and distinct ern idiom. It is somewhat melodically de- bility of tone. They should be able to There is real musical merit and worth in and all the parts of a piece of music are universe aside for the time being. One of form and beauty of outline. Until one make a diminuendo from forte to piano many of the old hackneyed overtures such so imbedded in the student’s mind that cannot help but relax when lie listens to learns to discern the crescendos, dimin¬ smoothly without a change in quality of as Poet and Peasant, Light Cavalry, Or¬ he cannot forget them even if he tries. optimistic music like this. uendos, accelcrandos, ritardandos, and He knows the signature, the key notes, the tone and without flatting. They should caesural pauses concealed in most phrases, pheus, Morning,.Noon and Night in Vi¬ runs and difficult places and how the easy likewise be able to make a crescendo from he cannot hope to give a true interpreta¬ enna, Stradclla, Zampa and Raymond, rhythm is played. He can analyze that Piano Recordings pianissimo to fortissimo without sharping. tion. They are equivialent to the proper but this inherent value is sometimes not easy to discern in the performance too piece, telling where the second and third JlyfOLLY On the Shore (Grainger) The careful practice of correct unisonal inflection of the voice in reading—the ob¬ Generally, the snare drum is the only parts with their changes of signature ■eYl and Cradle Song (Brahms-Graing- exercises in ensemble will more quickly servance of the marks of punctuation. generally accorded them. percussion instrument called upon to assist develop good tone, intonation, sustaining The closing movement of Zampa over¬ occur, whether he is driving a car or er), played by Percy Grainger (Colum¬ in building the crescendo. The cymbal ture opens at a tempo of M. M. 90 for planting bulbs; for, after all, memorizing bia). Grainger’s piano discs are rare power, dynamic flexibility, than any other is supposed to represent the drop of the woodwinds in hand or strings in or¬ is really a matter of concentration. gems. This artist is not only a worthy phase of rehearsal methods. Correct Breathing and Bowing knife as it severs the head of Robespierre interpreter but also a fine composer. His IN ENSEMBLE performance the most chestra : and the tympani to depict the rolling of the head down the incline into the basket. sincerity is projected most convincingly- Dynamic Range rudimentary principle of phrasing is that of correct breathing and bowing— The cymbal is played with a great crash A Young teacher’s Concerto in A minor, for piano and or¬ HE MAJORITY of our bands de¬ T merely the separation of phrases. Yet even and the tympani roll with a subsiding di¬ chestra (Grieg), played hv Arthur de velop a dynamic range from mf or mp this is often neglected—players often minuendo. Instruction Boo\s Grcef and the Orches¬ to triple forte (///), whereas it should breaking up phrases for the purpose of This passage represents a highly dra¬ tra (Victor). The Grieg concerto is a be from pianissimo to fortissimo. The By Annette M. Lingelbach taking breath. Such a habit betokens an matic moment and should be presented in truly heroic composition, one of the few band that wishes to be distinctly “different absolute ignorance of music and is as a realistic manner such as will portray A splendid list of books for the young large works from this “miniature Viking- and better” should strive to develop the senseless as a reader taking breath between Fifty-four measures later the brasses the gruesome event. A roll on bass drum teacher just starting out are Bilbro’s Very It is interesting to know that this pianist ability to play a real pianissimo in tune the syllables of a compound word. are introduced in the following theme and cymbal (suspended or on cymbal First Lessons, Streabhog’s Twelve Mel¬ was a dose friend of the composer, as it with good sustained quality of tone. Only Richard Wagner wrote that “the whole (fortissimo) at a tempo of about M. M. stand) will aid very greatly in attaining odious Studies, Opus 63 and 64, Jessie Gay- gives his performance an authoritative the good bands can do this, while the very duty of a conductor is comprised in his the tremendous crescendo required. It nor’s Miniature Duets, Burgmuller’s Opus imprint. This concerto has an instant and poorest bands have no difficulty in playing should lie so tremendous that it leaves the 100, the first Heller book and Schumann’s arresting appeal, with its impelling opening loudly. A weakness displayed by ninety ability always to indicate the right tempo.” He also wrote that “the right comprehen¬ audience holding its breath just as the Album for the Young. Also in this list and that first agitated, dance-like melody. per cent of the bands in our contests is Parisian crowd held its breath as it real¬ may be included Jessie Gaynor’s first book De Greef interprets the first movement an inability to play the pianissimo passages sion of the melody in all its aspects is the ized that the fall of the guillotine was of ' Miniature Melodics, taught entirely with dexterity, changing from the mood as they are marked. They lack dynamic sole guide to the right tempo.” Yet tempo from methory. of this first theme to the romantic beauty contrast—their performances are too col¬ proves a great stumbling block to many about to end the inglorious career of their conductors. I recall having heard some ff These books are in the range of the of the second with artistic skill. orless. tyrannical ruler. teaching ability of any instructor. They excellent bands play the beautiful flute The slithering descent of the knife The second movement ha.; the haunting Some bands are lacking in regard to If this movement is played with a grad¬ will appeal to the child’s sense of melody, duet, Andante con moto of the Pique should be represented by “sliding cymbals” and plaintive beautv of the Norse, which i is tonal balance. They are unable to attain ual crescendo and accelerando up to the are delightful recital pieces and witl win Dame Overture in the style of a stilted —not by a crash. The ghastly roll of the heard in so much of Grieg's music. n that fine adjustment whereby each part of introduction of the brass figure it will ' the liking of the parents—all essential gavotte—making it about as beautiful and head down and into the basket should be the last movement dc Grccf brilliantly the ensemble is given its requisite promi¬ serve to eliminate the abrupt and dis¬ points in the building up of the young FACSIMILE OF THE BEGINNING OF THE ORIGINAL SCORE OF ind enchanting as a geometrical problem. interprets the changing rhythm* nence, no more and no less. Too often turbing change in tempo. The general (Continued on Page 397) teacher’s reputation. beethoven’s “missa solemnis” some voice is permitted to become predom- Other bands played a majestic grand (Continued on Page 405) MAY 1928 Page SG9 the etude <5he Teachers Round Table School Music Department Conducted Monthly by GEORGE L. LINDSAY DIRECTOR OF MUSIC, PHILADELPHIA PUBLIC SCHOOLS

chestral instruments to warrant the or¬ (Madelle Glenn, Director of Music of ganization of an orchestra, the Board of the public schools of Kansas City, Mis¬ sustaining each chord as long as possible practicing a hymn thoroughly m this way souri, has developed many and varied Education has sept an orchestra director before the next is sounded, and, perhaps, she should be ready to play the chords as dents> Book„ which i0gically: follows the Atusic Activities for one hour each week. Forty-four ele¬ musical opportunities and activities for Self Study in Advanced bv joining one or two notes of one chord written in slow succession. one you have used?**4 Other~ collections |jof school pupils in and after school hours. mentary school orchestras are at present to hose of another, by changing fingers. Material especially adapted to such a studies in about the same grade are those Miss Glenn’s success has been brought in existence. Grades Mason’s “down-arm touch” is well adapted case is found m the onythree pieces of by E. Biehl, Op. 7, Book; 2, which con¬ about by her ability to coordinate the in the ‘Public Schools of From September, 1923, to date, an op¬ to such near-legato effects, since it natu- Schumann’s Album for the Young, Op. tains valuable finger work—and Burgmiil- portunity has been given to all pupils in o become a con- rally involves clinging to the keys. 68 (Presser Collection, Vol. 103) No. s ler’s “25 Easy and Progressive Studies,” efforts of the Board of Education, the de¬ ; it is impossible partment of superintendence, the teaching the upper grades and high schools to advantages of a — There are three ways of playing 2, 4, 15, 29 and 41 consist almost exclu- Op. 100—which are almost as good as “real (2) mac aic,w*»w vvo vy* —o -» -> ' . , : numerous force and the local civic and cultural or¬ study orchestral and band instruments in [ood 'eonservatory, I_ami_tryin|__ t individual chords. Of these ways the first sively of chords, and chords a pieces.” For the latter, try Reinhold, The Kansas Qity, ‘Missouri Saturday classes for beginners. do°theC work'at^'home* and* later "sludy ganizations, including the newspapers, into with an artist. is accomplished by the “down-arm touch” in most of the others. onramtes,Brownies, Op.up. 58, No. 8, Poldini, False - a unified movement for.the cultural uplift With my last teacher I did inten¬ iust referred to-especially adapted to soft, Give her plenty of practice m counting Serenade> Berwaid, March of the Mum- sive work for eighteen months, of the entire community. “Music for every working on scales and arpeggios, sustained chords; the second, by what I aloud and be sure that the material on -andJ Pacher, Austrian Song.e— child and every child for' music” is a Kan¬ By Mabelle Glenn Piano and Violin Class Instruction H anon's “Virtuoso Pianist,” also call the full-arm touch, when the entire which she works is not t0°/ necls m glad that you wish to teach ear¬ ,,s uv Clementi and Bacli. sas City slogan. An intimate glimpse into arm from the shoulder is used to drive the her to play without hesitation. f training which ought to.v, be a part of-- the DIRECTOR OF MUSIC 1 X SEPTEMBER, 1923, piano class Amo i(i- shorter compositions I play the activities of a department of music of A work was inaugurated in the Kansas l»y Chopin and Brahms. keys down, with the wrist held firm as the sary, you may require her to use the metro- instruction of every piano pupil. An — a large city system should afford an in¬ and the Carpenter with an orchestra of “Little Symphony Orchestra.” In 1926- City Public Schools. The Board of Edu¬ tone is sounded, but relaxed immediately nome, applying it first to simple linger cellent book for this purpose is ‘ “Ear-Tram - spiration for all supervisors and teachers sixty players picked from the high school 1927 the concert series consisted of two cation authorized the Director of Music to afterward—a touch adapted to full, sono- exercises. Five o of school music in order that new horizons orchestras. concerts play by the Little Symphony, offer instruction in classes of twenty pupils - s effects—and the third, by the up-arm (2) PL,- _ minutes of each lesson period spent in tl may be created and broader policies of • t springs cult to cope with, since each such case pre- In the spring of 1925 two afternoon pro¬ one opera, “Hansel and Gretel,” and one (above the third grade) who had had no r hand touch,l in whichwmen methe wnai opinio c-.,- > , wornwork winwill bearumi fruitfulinui.ui results. Pick- —. o administration attempted. In the following grams were given before the Music Super¬ concert played by the Cleveland Sym¬ previous instruction in piano. In 1923, sounds—a touch best adapted sents its peculiar problems. lnPr“er™. fragments of melody from studies or pieces statements we have Miss Glenn’s point of up as the t< > using the entire arm she should culti- visor’s National Conference, the first being phony Orchestra. This year the series 1500 pupils took advantage of such classes. „ staccato chords, whether strong or weak. which a pupil is working and have him view and a resume of the varied activities For comprehensive technical work, I re¬ the hand touch which comes by given by 5000 pupils from grades five, six consists of a concert by the Doris Niles From September, 1924, piano instruction Having command of these three touches, them down from hearing you play of her department -shown.—Editor’s fer you to the “Complete School of Tech¬ throwing the hand from the wrist. Let them Thus yQU and seven. Part of the program was sung Company, one by Guy Maier, an after¬ for both first and second years has been you must consult your own judgment as make up an endless Note.) nic 'for the. Pianoforte,” by Isidor Phil¬ her practicenractice the simplest kind of five-finger . * Mr.tra unaccompanied and part with the Horner noon of opera, and a concert by the Min¬ available in the schools. The number of to which to employ in a given situation. ■ariety of ear-training exercises from the exercises by throwing the hand into the Institute Orchestra augmented to sixty neapolis Symphony Orchestra. ipp. Advanced studies will include Mos- (c) The legato and arm touches men- - hand. N THIS DAY of specialization even pupils receiving instruction in the public • sounded, so that the muslc I players. An a capella chorus from the The Kansas City Symphony Orchestra cheles’ Op. 70, two books, and, of course. the director of music is sometimes a school classes is constantly increasing, the negro schools sang a group of negro Association has employed an educational enrollment this year being 2400. me ^valuable’Etudes of Chopin, Op. 10 above.^6Y prefe^tVplV legato wrLst jumps up. The arm should specialist and does not hold the vision of and 25. Distinctly in modern vein are the J aiter„ating the down-arm and from a level posit.on and return to it afte. spirituals. On the second afternoon 2500 director who has gone into the schools When twelve pupils in a school apply for Potation the needs of “all of the children of all of ‘Twelve Virtuoso Studies, > by Edward m the f“rmer empi0yed with the wrist movement. Thus, in the follow- sixth grade pupils sang Edgar Stillman and helped with the supervision of appre¬ violin instruction, the Board of Education the people.” Some are instrumentalists Kelly’s Alice in Wonderland with the Kan¬ also Scriabin’s “Studies,” jumps up from ciation in upper grades and junior and furnishes a violin teacher for one hour a MacDowell, the white keys and the latter with the ing diagram, the and think that every child must be taught sas City Symphony Orchestra. position B as the note is senior high schools. The concert audi¬ week. This year there are thirty-one Op. 8. the following example- "fjfH to play on some instrument. Others feel In the spring of 1927, the festival con¬ Keep a solid background by studying black keys’ played, and immediately falls back to posi- Doubtless you refer to what is more sure that the way to serve school children ences have had a steady growth in size classes in violin in the elementary schools. sisted of a high school chorus, an a cap- Bach—other Preludes and Fugues from A, ready for the next stroke: properly called “forearm rotation,” since best is to develop their sight-reading and listening ability. This year six per¬ Unless a pupil has a very keen ear he pella chorus of 1000 from the seventh the “Well-Tempered Clavichord,” the! rotating or circling the hand about from power. Still others say that a child can formances of each concert are necessary must not be encouraged to study a stringed grade and a chorus of 2500 sixth grade “English Suites,” the Italian Concerto, the the wrist, while it may be good exercise grow in music appreciation more through to accommodate season ticket holders, the instrument which calls for a keen sense of pupils singing The Childhood of Hiawatha Chromatic Fantasie and Fugue, and so for a general “limbering up,” has no other listening than through performing. Ac¬ capacity of Ivanhoe Temple being taxed pitch. Therefore, in the spring of 1927, with an orchestra of sixty picked players forth. Besides Beethoven’s Sonatas, I sug¬ practical significance for the pianist. cording to their own special interests they to the limit on each of the six afternoons. the Board of Education authorized the from the Central Senior High School. gest his Six Variations, Op. 34, and his 32 When we sound a given key we must are likely to plan programs that suit them, In the spring of 1922, 1923 and 1924 Music Department to give certain pitch Variations, in C minor. Starting from such consider not only the up-and-down motion instead of programs that serve every child Music Appreciation memory ■ contests were held, each school and rhythm tests by which native capacity according to his needs and his capacity. sending a team of from ten to twenty, classics, you will be prepared to range over Staccato notes are played almost invari¬ of finger or hand but also its sidewise mo¬ HE AIM of music appreciation is to for music could be discovered and to make We should try, therefore, especially to keep T according to the number of pupils in up¬ the whole field of more modem composi- ably with the up-arm or hand touch. This tion. If we play from middle C to the give every child in the schools such recommendations to the parents as to what in mind that the child is more important per grades. From September, 1924, to ms. - - touch is used, as described above, in slow next C above and then back again: a broad musical experience that not only instrument should be studied. than the program. The aim in Kansas the present date a graded course in “ac¬ As to your pupil, Lemoine s two books ot rh thln but> wben the octaves are played This touch should help to strengthen the his child life but also his adult life will Through an individual test given at the “50 Juvenile Studies,” Op. 37, are^espe- success;otl; tbe hand is thrown fingers which should meanwhile be kept as City schools is to develop every pupil into tive listening” extending from the first end of the second grade or at the begin¬ in rapiu puuucpp.u’.,, -- - . - --- an intelligent listener of good music and be enriched. This training should create dally written for small hands, and loosely, fromr the - wrist,.-in. a- littlei:.41-iinmrp above tlipthe firmr.... as„ - possible,mncclKIp also snmewhatsomewhat curved. among the future citizens of Kansas City grade through the junior high school has ning of the third grade the child's musical into a producer of music to a greater or gratefully melodious into the bargain. . ✓ -»r

By Hope Stoddard

A Family ‘Debate of ‘Real Interest in Hundreds of Homes IT happened to the writer, who is about as average as they ma\e them—and therefore, lively enough, it has happened to others. "When Johnny (we’ll call him Johnny) is eight years old, or maybe just six or four, his parents gather around him some fine evening and discuss him until his coat buttons glow with embarrassment and he begins to feel li\e a disembodied spirit—so little do his opinions seem to count'. The question under discussion is, “Shall Johnny Ta\e Violin or Piano LessonsV Once the instrument is bought be it piano or violin, the outlay for lessons and repairs is, in either case, about equal. Therefore the difficulty lies not in the financial field. The point is that one or the other of the instruments must really be better able to benefit Johnny musically, ethically and socially. On this plane the discussion is carried forward.

T5he Piano Vhe Violin THE instrument of harmony, of tonal combinations, progressions, modu¬ E hear of stories in which a virtuoso makes a dying request that he be lations, cadences—the piano forms the groundwork of musicianship. buried with his violin in his arms. This illustrates the feeling of inti¬ The keyboard system is a representation of the modern scale system macy that exists between player and instrument. The violin is the upon which compositions of all the great masters have been based. So indis¬ faithful dog—nay, the child, of the player. The bow is a fine-haired brush pensable is pianistio training in the art of|composition that history gives that paints moods as skillfully as a Japanese artist paints his rush, and birds. scarcely a single instance of a great composer who did not play the piano The left fingers reveal pitch by approximating, as only artihuc impulse well—and many of them—Chopin, Liszt, Beethoven, Mozart and Bach— can, the tonal image existing in the mind. “Perfect intonation” is a precious were keyboard virtuosi. jewel to be searched for through hours and hours of patient practice and to be Piano lessons are made compulsory for vocalists and instrumentalists, in preserved with religious fervor. the best music schools, for the reason that only so can harmonic sense be de¬ As a legato instrument, the violin realizes absolute purity of tone, with veloped. Improvisation is in its proper sphere at the piano. the possibility of expressing the subtler emotions. There is a rainbow of colors on the violinist’s palette—serenity, gayety, exaltation, gravity, sorrow Being a staccato instrument, the piano requires a multitude of separate and great joy. We wonder if it is a coincidence merely that his chosen posi¬ notes to produce the illusion of continuity. To meet this demand constant tion is standing upright—one of exaltation. activity, alertness and strength are required. Perfect coordination between the For such a variety of moods great delicacy and agility are required. There hands is necessary, since each must supplement the ftther. ‘"Finger pat¬ is no instrument that demands more flexibility in the right wrist as it manipu¬ terns,” with their develop¬ lates the bow left and right, ment of the visual as well as up and down, and across the the oral sense, are most strings. Two hundred strokes adaptable to the piano. The can easily be enumerated, and feet, as well as the fingers, great violinists have com¬ are made to “think for them¬ puted the number as being in selves” through their manip¬ the thousands. In one single ulation of the pedals. bow-stroke a multitude of The piano is an orchestra precepts must be kept in in itself, ranging from the mind. majesty and power of the The fingering of the left bass instruments to the light¬ hand calls for absolute pre¬ ness and delicacy of the so¬ cision and never-ending ac¬ pranos. Its great tonal range tivity. In striving for the makes it the necessary ad¬ perfect tone (always held in his mind’s ear) the pupil at¬ junct of violinist and singer tains a great lucidity of on the concert stage. But the thought. piano stands complete and As to the child’s chances sufficient in itself. future employment, the violin is the Though the pianist finds himself solo instrument in an orchestra: it bids to be indispensable in social gather¬ fair to be the instrument of the country¬ ings and concert halls, he also learns side. where pianos are few and piano the lesson of modesty when he ac¬ tuners almost unheard of. companies an instrumentalist, for The violin has the rare advantage of here, by listening for the slightest improving with use and age. It is expressions! changes in the soloist, he therefore as good an investment as learns to be a good follower as well property or bonds. But it must be well as a good leader. And it is a saying, cared for, and here again the pupil is “A good slave makes a good master.” taught principles of cleanliness and carefulness.

The discussion has become rather strenuous and Johnny’s parents and aunts and uncles decid, tU • • chid was m bed. So he goes sleep,ly up the stairs. But, as the last sounds of the outside ^ U,M time 1 pillow, he seems*“*" *“to see*" mmKi^self marching proudly at the head of Sousa’s band with a rid r d ^ thr0u8h > A BIG BRASS TRUMPET! APET! All hail, Johnny! may he discos ZrlyV Ufe the Zt™/al™ oTmZtF^ Copyright 1928 by Theodore Presser Co. International Copyright secured Other Music Sections in this issue on pages 343, 379, 411. MAY 1928 Page 373 THE ETUDE Page 372 MAY 1928

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9) "'H —. dim.

d ^ ' '1 ^ \, * CANTILENE ITALIENNE In a very characteristic Italian rhythm. The composer is an Honorary Professor of the Paris Conservatoire. Grade 3£. PAUL ROUGNON . Animato-grazioso-leggiero m.m. J-=i44

Copyright 1928 by Theodore Presser Co. International Copyright secured MAY 1928 Page 375 tee etude THE ETUDE Page 374 MAY 1928 THE TWO COMPANIONS By a very popular French composer. Two well-contrasted themes. Grade 3, VICTOR STAUB

Copyright MCMV by Paul Decourcelle MAY 1928 Page 377 THU ETUDE tee etude Page 376 MAY 1928 espress.

poco rit. rnj i -1— -1- —f- —i— -{- ^E=t= =*=#=! *=*= p=r= (a=w= i±=

* From here go back to %, and play to Fine, then play Trio. MAY 1928 Page 379 THBETIJDe THE ETUDE Page 378 MAY 1928 OUTSTANDING VOCAL AND INSTRUMENTAL NOVELTIES FESTIVALu’H'STI VALi POLONAISErULUlNAlioi^ FOR TH^LEFT HAND ALONE RICH. KRENTZLIN.Op. 105,No.3

The melody is tobe played connectedly, and it must standout against the accompaniment^ The pedal markings are to e . ade3?

Marziale m.m. J= 108 . —« i A DOUBTING HEART ADELAIDE PROCTOR MARIAN MALCOLM Moderato r\ , P~

1 Where are the swal-lowsfled? Pro - - - z^Taml dead, Per-c.hanee.up-on seme bleak and st°™- 3[ _ 2 Fair hope is dead, and light is quenched- in- night; What sound can break the - -

1 1 H i ? i ▼ ? 5 ft = =*—- / i t# / - — — ere sc. ( ' [ J II I cantabile —= =lp E \ y ^ J §- f rt y » J JL-.__ accel._. — i u v 1 ■i ./■ -=f-^ '’I ' 1 *2 > . . Far o-ver nun.nippur-ple saas.seas,-’neath ’neath kind-lykind-Iv 0 doubt-ing heart,_ 0 doubt-ing heart! _ shore. The sky is o - ver cast,- yet stars shall i > ita= ■ pair? 0 doubt-ing heart,_ 0 doubt-ing heart!—

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British Copyright secured Copyright 1925 by Theodore Presser Co. Copyright 1928 by Theodore Presser Co. International Copyright secured Other Music Sections in this issue, on pages 343, 371, 411 tee HTUDu Page 380 MAY 1928 A great success as a piano solo; much in demand for Violin. WITH MUTED STRINGS Transcribed by ROB ROY PEERY AUGUST NOELCR

^ u # con sordino _ i 3 _ | -—8 - 1 —$— Q _

•'1 jp ^ ^ dolce.

Piano - p dolce. 1

flu ft a,_ 2_ 3

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J " (7sVP ii Fj r 4 j -» ■■■[ 1 : \ -Hh > J 44H-M- DANIEL stwohig DARK EYES THAT DREAM R. S. STOUGHTON *§• sf- Z==' Hi fmarcato /TN PP ft , Andante con moto _ mf_

1. Dark eyes t Kat (ir earn, what mag-ic sweet you hold, Calm, and se-rene 2. Dark eyes that dream; what mys-ter-y di-vine, Lurk in your depths,

British Copyright secured Copyright 1928 by Theodore Presser Co. the ETUns Page 382 MAY 1928 MAY 1928 Page 383 SONIA THE ETUDE Characteristic and full of fire SONIA ALFRED PRINCE ALFRED PRINCe SECONDO Vivace m.m. J = m MAY 1928 Page 385 Page 384 MAY 1928 a A mmiVT fBH STUPE The most popular of all Violin Solos, AJJCJxY/AA J.A/1\ arranged as a Sacred Vocal Number q PRAISE THE LORD OF HEAVEN FELIX BOROWSKI The text adapted from Psalm 148 by NICHOLAS DOUTY Andante m.m. J = 72

CODA

Afine postlude or recital number MARCH PROCESSIONAL !Sw. Full without Reeds & Mixtures Gt. Doppel Flute (Sw.&Ch. coupled) JOHN HERMANN LOUD Ch. Full without Reeds (Sw. coupled) Ped. Soft 8 & 16 (Ch. coupled)

MANUAL

Copyright 1927 by Theodore Presser Co.

British Copyright secured MAY 1928 Page 887. THE etude

Educational Study 'Hotes on 'Music in ^dhis Etude By Edgar Alden Barrell

The V4E3 ^ the' ^wbo^of Mexico and t WiMz*- h^vss?gss sgMjsgfgjga

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ssrhS.r.'U" DStsSSs MAY 1928 Pag&"389 Page 388 MAY 1928 THP ETUDfi the ETUDE

Singing Style

By John C. Wilcox

SINGING STYLE is based upon sound the guidance of more mature musicians in Edited for VYtay by musicianship, a knowledge of the his¬ matters of style until he has himself tory of musical periods and their reached a point in his education which Eminent Specialists aspect of reality to a faithful reproduc. traditions, familiarity with the character¬ gives him an equal right to indulge his WITH A FIRM BELIEF that the istics of national “schools” of composition, individual taste. • early years of study, for a great tion; that is, it characterizes. IT IS THE AMBITION OF THE ETUDE TO MAKE THIS VOICE DEPARTMENT and a technical facility in vocalization that The singer who merely imitates the style majority of students of the Art of Mood—Admitting music to be a lan. “A vocalist’s MAGAZINE, COMPLETE IN ITSELF.” Will make possible a performance that of others will never be a convincing inter¬ Singing, are swamped by a flood of. mis¬ guage of the emotions, one must emotional¬ translates all this information into vital¬ preter ; but there is no virtue in originality cellaneous inaccuracies, a course of- study ize it to characterize it. To interpret song- ized song expression. With this sort of which is unguided by information. There is here outlined. The intention is to have one must sing with the sort of display *f background the singer may safely let his are customs and manners to be observed as comprehensive as the space will allow. emotion that will draw a sympathetic emo¬ individual feeling color his interpretations. in singing just as truly as in the social and list the essentials as they properly tional response from the audience. \ contacts of life. late one to another, the section pertaining “mood” is the atmosphere created by an The student singer will do well to accept to voice culture, or vocal development, be¬ emotional reaction, or a combination of ing intentionally omitted as it has been Outline of Study for Singers emotional reactions. The key to the emo¬ often so clearly presented by many masters tional content of a song is the text, which of the subject. This outline is. therefore will reveal an infinite variety of moods to ‘Destructive Vibration restricted to the subject of song study. be interpreted or explained. One must The singer has several channels through By F. H. Haywood study the work for the great prevailing By C. HiltoN'Turvey which he makes his appeal to his auditors: mood and the subordinate moods. This .0setae of hearing, by means sideration is the proper relation of the ing power), (c) Character (emotional requires creative imagination rather than The voice of the late was of my grandmother’s that was standing of beautifuj tones. voice part to the harmonic structure. ‘ value), (d) Vitality. imitation. so powerful and vibrant that it is said he on the mantel.” (2) . To the physical sense, by establish¬ Diction, or recitation of text, involves Memorising is most essential. A few Mood Portrayal—The singer may arouse -could shatter a thin wine-glass by singing There is recorded in biblical history a ing a vital and regular rhythmic pulse. accurate rendition of vowels, vocal con- singers of great reputation resort to the an emotional response in his auditors by into it a single tone. This is undoubtedly tale of the walled city of Jericho, which (3) To the intellect, by evidence of per¬ sonants, consonants, and their combina- holding of a word book; but this gives an means of: possible. Other singers in the past have successfully withstood all efforts of the in¬ fect workmanship (accuracy of reproduc¬ tions in the pronunciation of words. aspect of uncertainty to their performance. (1) Tone Quality, using the character done it. But it is only a certain tone that vading army until, in obedience to their tion). of tone most vividly representing the mood. (a) All vowels must have in common TheX would make a still greater impres- will break a glass—the tone to which that prophet, the trumpeters in massed forma¬ (4) To the sight, by making a well- (2) Significant Accentuation, the selec¬ the fundamental elements of efficient tone sion without the word book. A very large glass is naturally keyed. All the other tion marched around the city all blowing a poised, personable, but sincere, appearance. tion of the word or words of a phrase quality, yet the characteristic elements Percentage of singers memorize the music tones in the gamut will fail even to chip it. single note—the exact note to which the (5) To the emotions by vivid inter¬ most characteristic of the mood and so pretative treatment. which differentiate one vowel from another lonS before ‘he text. However, the mem- A story is just now going the rounds great walls were in tune—until the stone treating them that they will stand out in apropos of this fact. A man is said to must be clearly defined on any pitch, loud orizin8' of ‘he text should be the first step crumbled and fell. or soft. ’ in the study of a song. high light while other unimportant words have called up a powerful radio station to Yoiir Future in Music ~~ and the remain in the shadow. Significant accen¬ There is more magic in the world than Essentials (b) Vocal consonants (auxiliary Poise pertains to the deportment of i complain of one of its singers. “Con¬ tuation may be realized through (a) Tonal found that woman!" the man exclaimed we have yet discovered. But it is “white TN LISTING the essentials of successful ^ a" ‘^.consonants that can be Coloring (variety), (b) Rhythmic Color¬ wrathfully. “She sang so sharp and so magic,” and it goes by the invincible and ing (rubato), (c) Diction Coloring (con¬ exact laws of the universe. KIMBALL PIANO intoS . ■ • , , ideas, each in its own mood, used to principles which are arbitrary only in a lypes,of beginnings, or endings for vowel T 7 • , (Continued from Page 388) action and lasting quality. _ , , . . . / . sounds Tilt. 1.-._•_i-(4) Attitude toward audience aminb strengthen the prevailing mood by re¬ very general sense, their successful develop- sounds- The characteristics of individual (4) Attitude toward audience amiable but not intimate. lieving it. - ... detail being dependent entirely ,.be distinctly—* articulated,- vowel than with any of the others. Once rect “A,” it is well to understand its pro¬ The Kimball piano is famous for the very qualities you (5) Continuity of facial expression and (3) Symmetry—True balance of the upon the re-creative sense (imagination) w‘!h such. aS’bty ‘bat they make the vowel "A” is established the others are duction thoroughly. must have for success—correct tone, evenness of scale, ...L,lau a trtIIlcrit body poise, beginning with the first note of greater and lesser moods. of the individual singer (herein discussed ?nger imPrfssion on sound than a camera learned easily. light. Sluggish consonants dis- th® accompaniment (whether (4) Nuance—Subtlety of interpretative Linking E[ote and Syllable responsive action. There is ample proof that all these as “Interpretation”). There are two important things that o tliat they not only cannot be begins immediately), through all technic in which, by very gradual shad¬ C'VERY NOTE sung represents a vowel, qualities in the Kimball have stood the test of time. must be known by the beginner about “A.” understood, but also their tone quality is pauses, and until after the last note of ing from one color to another or from one and every vowel is a nucleus of a One is that “A” has a very definite sound. The most critical judges have bestowed unstinted praise. Style marred. accompaniment at end of the song. tempo to another, the singer’s method of syllable. Every syllable either begins or (6) Do not sing at audience; sing to obtaining effects is not obvious. The other is that it is produced correctly Cw TYLE, the keynote of artistry, pertains (d! Pronunciation pertains to the proper ends with a consonant. In the study of a Of perhaps greater importance to you is the part it has played in yourself, and they will hear it. by a certain definite physical action. ^ to the accnmcvaccuracy ofnf all detailsrletalla involved.invkl.r.ut forming of vowels and consonants into song the singer must be sure, absolutely developing musical talent, shown by the number of homes in which words and a fluent continuity of word It is not easy to explain the exact It is the faithful reproduction of the c 'fiechnic sure, of the exact articulation of his con¬ children have “grown up with the Kimball”—households numbered progression, in such a manner that the ideas sound of “A” in writing. The only way sonants and a perfect formation of the poser’s message. The elements of style Interpretation by the hundred thousand. Yet, notwithstanding the great demand, represented by the T^ECHNIC is triple in nature, (1) “Vo- to do so is to resort to familiar words vowel sound. Indeed it is a wise plan to e easily received T NTERPRETATIVE treatment begins cal technic" is evidence of ability to Kimball prices have always maintained a consistent moderation. Phrasing, musical punctuation, is dual in by the auditors. which contain the desired sound. Perhaps recite the words of a song over and over 1 after all the elements of style are thor- sing accurately any melodic progression. nature—(....a) a_ “Melodic_, Phrase,” WRP Tone Quality. Tone quality must be effi- oughly mastered. _ >ws> the best word is “father.” However, it is until perfect habits of articulation and “Style” provides an ac- (2) “Technic of Style” is the ability to Catalogs on request. If you are not conveniently bination of related notes which make a tonal c’en‘> ‘bat ‘s> it must meet all the de- curate photograph in which all details perfectly possible that the person speaking pronunciation have been formed. Then apply accurately all the elements of “Style.” near to a Kimball dealer, we can supply you direct. idea; (b) “Text Phrase,” words related in mands of song-singing, and must be pro- perfect but equal in importance “Inter- the word “father” may sound the “A” with this knowledge should be applied to the (3) “Interpretative Technic” is the ability completing a thought. dnced m such a subtle manner that the pretation” provides the lights and shadows physical interferences, such as a contracted singing of the song. Breath-taking is determined by phrasing. pf0Cess is not obvious and that it appears (contrast of colors) which give the reta to characterize one’s singing through ef¬ palate, a stiffened tongue, a tense jaw, and There must not be any confusion regard¬ W. W. KIMBALL COMPANY fective interpretative treatment. A complete, breath may be taken only easveasy ‘ton do An efficient tnn»tone quality de- tive importance--- of..... details Tpers'pectlveT many other muscular restraints. ing the distinction between the pitch sound (Established 1857) The main requisites are fluency, sim¬ the end of a “Melodic Phrase mands; (a) Beauty, (b) Sonority (carry- thus creating an illusion which gives an The second condition for the correct “A” and the vowel sound. The singer controls plicity, continuity and sublety. Department KE, 306 South Wabash Avenue, CHICAGO, U. S. A. gency or catch breath may be taken within is less difficult to demonstrate. Stand his pitch sound through the medium of his a melodic phrase, if continuity is not before a mirror, open the mouth wide ear. No attention whatsoever should be broken, but only between “text-phrases.” enough to admit two fingers, one on top of given by the singer to the muscular action As the working division is the phrase, involving the movement of the larynx in Words and Singing the other; then withdraw the fingers keep¬ correct phrasing should be marked before the formation of the pitch sound. This is HARMONY BY MAIL further study. ing the mouth at this width. Without By Charles Tamme unconsciously performed under the guid¬ A practical and thorough course of 40 lessons. Rhythm, physical in appeal, sets to order moving the head or disturbing the jaw, ance of the ear. If the singer wants to Small monthly payments. Send for Prospectus and Rates. Mss. corrected. and propels melody. It is triple in nature. say “A.” Now note if the tongue draws produce a high note he does not do so by Pianologues back from the lower teeth or if the face Music composed, send poem for estimate. this the vowel plays a most important a conscious manipulation of his throat but ALFRED WOOLER, Mus. Doc. • changes as in the moving of the lips, pull¬ part. Therefore, in learning to sing, the by hearing the sound and producing it Suite A. 171 Cleveland Ave., Buffalo, N. Y. ing of the chin, contracting of the muscles vowel souhd must be mastered. automatically. Yet the vowel sound must at the base of the neck and around the & zsjz zssjuz: asfefeSS ,he be consciously and correctly pronounced. DREAMIM’ IN DE TWILIGHT . . (NegrO) throat. If any of these things occur the It is very important to understand this dif¬ damental Rhythm.” (c) Tempo, the pace Only the simplest terms will be 77 7 firs*thmg to be done in singing is The Five Italian Vowels PARAMOUNT’S NEW MUSIC KEEP a Smilin' (Insplr sound is incorrect. ference between the pitch sound and the „ =„f .P«d „ .hlch the metric £* 2S “ X £?%£& “ «* rT~' HERE ARE fifteen vowel sounds as TheLadies' Aid .... vowel sound. Remember that the pitch The Lady Who Lives Next Doob _ -*■ accepted in the international phonet- The correct sound of “A” requires Effective rhyta «*. the cS* S3 mechanism, when left alone, works per¬ The Missionary barrel ical chart, and these may be readily found placidity. The tongue should lie lightly fectly if the vowel sound is guided cor¬ (Humorous Juvenile) tal analysis but also a keenly developed strated. So, one should read carefully and tte takingoTTworT7'”' U 'S literally in any good phonetical dictionary. against the lower teeth, while the sound physical, rhythmic sense, for its vital per- with understanding y - . ' g ot a word ‘o pieces and exam- )R YdreseiL Yohn^ . '(Swede1 rUalect) But for simplicity and practical demon¬ is being produced, without humping or con¬ rectly. Articulation and vowel formation are formance. Rhythmic sense is the greatest The basis of alf singing is the “word” of^ts prope^sound" “ T* 3 knowledg<-’ stration only the five Italian vowels will tracting at its base. When this has been most important in singing. They com¬ (ItalianUDlaiect) of all essentials, but usually the most out- When it is improperly enunciated the tone When the correct f .gained' be used. These are A, E, I, 0 and U. accomplished and the other wrong habits prise the word and the word is the basis . ‘ (Inspirational) standing shortcoming of singers m general, suffers greatly. The old Italian saying then the manne of mide«tood The best one for the beginner is ‘be overcome, the beginner is ready to proceed Melody is a flowing of tone on a sue- “that he who knows how to speak knows wit he mechanism this sound of all good singing. So one can see why neutral vowel “A.” When this one is with the formation of the other vowels. A In lull form—price, postpaid, each .35c cession of varying pitches, punctuated by how to sing” is only partly true because learned TW“u f he V01Ce must b- warning might be added that these diffi- a complete mastery of phonetics is abso¬ The set of “Etude 1928 Collection,” $5.00. mastered then the singer should learn the lutely essential. In an understanding ot phrasmg and propelled by rhythm. Ob- one may know how to speak and yet not Both the correct 7 7 reJallStUdy begim others in the order named. The reason cuhies are not overcome at a moment’s viously the essential requirement is accu- know how ‘, ‘. .- . d ye‘ n0‘ Bothotn tnethe correptcorrect sound andJ iIthe~ m phonetics lies the secret of clear enuncia¬ tt . carry. this- mto— . singing.—°i-iwuuv.uik' producing it must be studiedsbidioA togeS4. , °f wby one should begin with A is that there notice but that they require steady and T. S. DENISON & CO. rate intonation. An often-overlooked c Painstaking practice. And, as all future tion, and clear enunciation is a long step Dramatic Publishers Hcwccc. „ » Irue the, ft. fi„t ,,cpS they arc dependem Vn * e *»**■ l»«r!.re»ce with » in the direction of right tone production. 623 S. WABASH AVE., DEPT. 73 CHICAGO other. In (Continued on Page 389) smging may be said to depend upon a cor¬ MAY 1928 Page 891 Page 390 MAY 1928 THE kttjde THE etude subject to an enormous variation in size, diapasons. The theater organ has also arrangement of the stops, couplers, pedals, added the percussions, manuals, and so forth. Moreover, the The analogy to the symphony orchestra same organ played in two rooms might is also apparent at all times. Lucky is convey a wholly different acoustical effect, the organ student who has had a good T5he ORGANIST’S ETUDE Therefore the student should learn to aim course in orchestration and has had the at similar effects on all of the organs he privilege of attending fine orchestra con- Edited for May by d{alph Kinder encounters. On an organ in a large certs continually. In these days the organ St. llmra. Little Church building a passage might be played effec- student has an enormous advantage in be- Eminent Organist and Writer Around the Corner and St. George’s. I. Don’t Neglect Piano Practice clined to think that everything that • tivoly staccato—whereas the same passage ing able to hear fine orchestras over the These things are significant and wo: on an organ in a smaller building might radio or on the phonograph, NE OF THE greatest shortcomings IT IS THE AMBITION OF THE ETUDE TO MAKE THIS ORGAN DEPARTMENT I 8‘ven him is given him only to tick!! noting. They reassure the prospect O committee beyond any doubt. of many organ students is that the | his musical consciousness and to nl sound more effective when played legato. If he develops his text in this way he “AN ORGANIST’S ETUDE, COMPLETE IN ITSELF” My own organ, for instance, has forty will learn to color his performance with study of the piano is neglected. Dur¬ his ear. Teachers, you know, prescrih! stops. Some of my pupils practice on a judgment and beauty. He must, at least, ing my preparatory years, I'studied piano studies like medicine. No really worth (AUSTIN ORGAN CO. I twelve-stop organ. They are urged to try be able to detect and identify the various much longer than the organ; that is, I had while teacher asks the pupil to do an I 165 Woodland St. Hartford, Conn. ] to get the same effect on their organs instruments from their tone quality, so that many more lessons on the piano than 1 had thing that he knows he can do well J" at the organ. they achieved at the console of their he may simulate them in his playing when He picks out those compositions from The digital technic that one must have teacher’s organ. This may involve an such effects e demanded. which the student should learn the prin entirely different touch and choice in for fine organ playing can be far better Twenty Vital Points ciples of good organ playing. The reoer' guilmant acquired at the piano keyboard than on the registration, but it is mastery of just these XV. Organ Touch toire comes later. v things that makes the study of the organ organ manuals. HERE are three important actions in ORGAN SCHOOL so very fascinating. T The new type of organ, with its highly performing any note or chord: first, Alfred Hollins, Musical Doctor, F.R.C. 0. developed electric action, makes demands in Organ Study VIII. Learn Everything Well dr. william c. carl how the key is struck; second, liow the XII. Do blot Lose Tour Poise Edinburgh, Scotland. upon the wrist. In order to train the -VTO composition should be dismissed key is held; third, how the key is released. wrist to meet these demands, a special kind , , untl> is absolutely mastered. One Students Aided in Securing Positions rABVIOUS blunders are fatal in organ Far too little attention is given to this of technic must be acquired. This can be By Ralph Kinder of the astonishing things about c0me 0 playing. Everyone, even the greatest subject. With some it amounts to “hit the Free Church, Recital, master, makes mistakes—striking wrong best accomplished through practicing pupils is that they want to rush on to Scholarships Theatre Courses right key and let it go at that.” With Alfred Wollins scales and octave studies with the staccato new compositions long before they have pedals, pulling wrong stops, turning two others it is as it should be—the correct or¬ touch. Altogether too few studies of this mastered the compositions on which thev New Prospectus Ready pages at once, and so forth. But it is gan touch first, the correct key next. kind are given to the average pupil. Ralph Kinder, organist and are working. y the legitimate part of the pupil’s playing 17 E. Eleventh Street New York In fact I have found that scales in composer, was born at Staly- technic to know how to cover a mistake says of the KilgCfl Progress on the organ does not at all XVI. Practice Difficult Passages tenths, arpeggios in various forms and bridge, England, January 27, consist of getting a hodgepodge lot of without any outward sign of annoyance. I have known pupils in public recitals HE STUDY of the organ is a hug< Czerny, Cramer, Mosheles and Chopin 1876. At five years of age half-learned pieces. It is far better to T “It was a great pleasure to studies are even more valuable practiced he was brought to Bristol, who actually advertise mistakes by their undertaking. The student l play one piece in a masterly fashion than give a recital on your fine on the piano than the prosaic studies of Rhode Island, where he be¬ a hundred in a bungled style. ORGOBLO disconcerted behavior. This, of course, is upon his time. Over and a great shortcoming. If the' pupil makes have noticed students who have prac- Organ in the Third Baptist Rink or Stainer, practiced on the organ. came a chorister in Trinity Edward d'Evry, one of my teachers at The true Standard of Ex¬ mistake, he has painted the notes on the ticed in such a way that they have wasted Church, St. Louis. The voic¬ . I'be b°y pr the girl who cannot play the Church. He studied organ the Brompton Oratory in London, started cellence in organ blower*. piano well is not likely to get very far at canvas of time. They can never be hours. Practice should be aimed at accom- and theory with the choir¬ me on Reubke’s Ninety-1-ourth Psalm Winner of the highest award ing throughout is good and changed, because the time is gone. The pfishment and never at mere repetition. If the organ. A great many students fool¬ master, Rev. W. R. Trotter, Sonata, and I worked on that by myself in every exposition entered. even, and the action very only thing to do is to forget the blunder the student can play a thing perfectly well ishly put off their study because they have and began acting as organist for fourteen years (not consecutively) Special Orgoblo Junior for and try not to make a similar error again, he should not spend his time upon that; he prompt in both attack and no organ to practice on. But practice time in 1888. He later had in¬ before I performed it in public. Reed and Student Organs. may always be very profitably spent at the struction from Hamilton should spend it mastering things that are release. I am also very glad Macdougall, and then went to XIII Anticipation and Preparation obviously difficult. ' to have had the opportunity II. Slow Practice London for a year of organ IX. Appearances 1 r, We do not have to practice sleeping or of trying some of your smal¬ np HE STUDENT must learn that two wajjcjngj once we have mastered the abil- T N ORGAN study as in piano study the with Edwin H. Lemare and QRGAN students often make a great ler instruments, and I find theory under Drs. Pedrce and A of the greatest secrets of organ play- ;ty. Why idle away precious moments at curse of practice is “hurry.” The best mistake in judging the performer or ing are’ anticipation and preparation He the Qrgan {n doing something that can al¬ the same care bestowed on Turpin. Mr. Kinder has ap¬ the student by his appearance. Often the pupils are those with temperament. Such most make up his mind, long beforehan L rcady he done perfectly well? Concen- every detail of these as well peared as concert organist in student who comes to the organ studio VELAZCO ORGAN STUDIOS pupils are impatient and anxious to get just what stops he wishes to use and must {rate on real difficulties and save valuable almost all the States. Since as in your larger and more ahead, but they must be made to realize j" a five hundred dollar fur coat may plan to get them out m advance, so that. tjme 1899 he has been organist of important ones. the enormous advantage of slow practice; look down on the student in a shabby when he comes to the spot, he will not Holy Trinity Church of particularly in organ playing, it is absolute¬ ulster. The student should come to real- Manual Theatre Organs Used. have to hold a chord with one hand for (Signed) Alfred Hollins. XVII. Rhythm and Accent ly impossible to produce clear, artistic, Philadelphia; and his compo¬ ize that all art is a great fraternity. The 1658 Broadway five minutes and also hold the audience one thing'that counts is ability. systematic, finished playing if there is any sitions for the church service in suspense in the meantime, while he ONE OF the great difficulties of organ It is interesting to note that suggestion of careless or hurried practice. are widely used. Some students imagine that they can students rests in proper rhythm and fiddles around the console. He Mr. Hollins, like many anoth¬ The teacher can preach his head off with buy their way to success. The fact of TINDALE this condition by regulating his personal accent, the impetuous temperamental pupil and still RALPH KINDER the matter is the only currency that can Music Filing Cabinet affairs so that he is habitually forehanded. Rhythm in playing the organ is far more er famous organ master, was the pupil yyhen playing, alone will rush buy success, particularly in as exhaustive A careless, procrastinating character can difficult than in playing any other rnstru- particularly impressed by the ahead and ruin his own chances. The mind should be trained in advance a study as organ playing, is “work.” In hardly expect to become a successful or- ment, because of the difficulty in making has explained something about organ con- School and Convei uniformity of tone and qual¬ The only scientific governor of such of the fingers. The various chords of fact the student who is thinking of his ganist. By this I mean that the person accents; and yet both rhythm and accent pupils is the metronome. Once the pupil music should he as familiar to the student social importance, his means, his expensive who is always putting things off and is be made at an organ as clearly ity in all types and sizes of is converted, his own common sense will m all their different spellings as his own time, always late, always post¬ other instruments. I often wonder if music c othes, his titles and his superior rights Kilgen Organs. For, in the show him that “making haste slowly" name. Chords are musical words, and un¬ evJntehtle,ntt°f °rgan shouId- * any as an individual is often eclipsed by the poning, is likely to develop in his own is not lifeless when rhythm and accent are really has its significance—that he can til the student can recognize them and in¬ a! b b t make minor repairs, such humble student in very moderate circum¬ playing these same traits and really not absent. Touch and accent are preached by least as well as the greatest, actually get ahead far faster, with a little stantly understand their relations and uses, TINDALE CABINET CO. me from Monday to Saturday, for without not k^ CiI,PherS’ f°r instance- If he does stances. 40-46 Lawrence St. understand what is the matter with him. there is but one Kilgen quality ticking monitor invented by Maelzel, than he is still in the “alphabet stage” in musical not know how to do this he may ruin a them the core of real organ playing has Flushing, New York he can without it. —the best that three centuries progress. Harmony should be studied at S"llrT" “ * ” e X. Praise Others XIV. Orchestration Ma\es Itself not been reached. the keyboard and with one who knows its be nrecent T’ whenever Possible, that he Evident In Organ Playing of organ-building has taught. III. Continual Review uses, not just its theories. Much ean B r " °rgan is bei>lg tuned T' ¥? STUDENT should learn from Diplomas, Certificates of Awards, Medals and XVIII. The Teacher Only a Guide Q NE OF the great blunders in organ Much can be learned from the organ tuner. his fellow students and praise the The impressive roll of great Organ Other Requisites for Awarding Pupils ORGAN students should aspire to or¬ r-pKHE BEST teacher in the world is at study is the practice on the part of V. Organ Construction aforesaid students for their effort. A Completing Courses in Music chestral effects. _ The organ is three- Masters who know and prefer Kilgen prominent musician once said that he guide. The pupil’s progress some students of permitting the works they T® ORGAN is the most complex of VI. The Importance of Silence four fam- Organs includes such famous artists as could tell a good musician, even before THEODORE PRESSER CO. fourths orchestra. There are four fam- (| ends iargeiy upon the time he spends have studied in past months to slip out of A a11 musical instruments. One may SOME of the greatest effects in organ Hies of tone-strings, flutes, reeds and iu‘{ront of the keyboard 0f his owu plan, Yon, Ren/.i, Hollins, Davis, Vierne, their fingers and .out of their heads in fa¬ play the violin, the piano, and even the or¬ hearing him play, by his remarks about other musicians. organ, hard at work. Higgle, Goldsworthy, Carpenter, vor of new compositions. The students gan without knowing anything about the by soundg Ffe by SiIenCe flowed Dy sound- - Tor instance, a gun fired on a He should take home from the lesson a Biggs, Cowper and Thompson, to should be able to play the compositions machinery inside the case; but, in the in¬ It is an old saying that those who do mountain top will make far moreImpres COURSE IN kind of mental photograph which should mention only a few among the many. they learned last year just a little better stance of the organ, such ignorance is a not mind their own business rarely have ion than a gun fired in a foundry. SiLce last at least until the next lesson. The this yeqr. They should never be “wiped terrible handicap. any business to mind. The worth-while is the canvas upon which the mS pupil who goes to the highest priced teacher off the slate,” as it-were. I wonder how many students realize the students has enough on his own hands to- Theatre Organ Playing feeling that the teacher’s reputation will Review, review,' review! Do not give necessity of learning about the overtones fertfin o°r lnStinCe' °ne °f the finest ef- succeed without spending any time picking tects m organ playing may be introduced faults in the work of others. If you can make him a good musician without prac¬ all your attention to the construction of or harmonics in music, in order that they Two-and three-manual Kimball theatre unit organs for jjulgen just before the final chord of a great organ not find anything to praise, better keep tice is wasting time and money. your musical building and permit the un¬ may know why the organ builder used composition (let us say the wfdor <‘Sym- still. More than this, if you want to do lessons and practice. Special course for pianists changing VChoice ofthe Masters derpinnings to be weakened. An old piece for example a 1-foot stop in his specifica¬ Phony Number VI,” first movement) by a any criticizing, criticize your own play- should be played as often as a new one to tion. The average student knows that a to organ. Advanced pupils have the advantage of lessons XfX. Originality an Asset P ™ °f’ Say’ three seconds. 7 Mg. If you are really a worthy student GEO. KILGEN & SON, Inc. insure real and worth-while progress. 5-rank, mixture sounds five tones Does before the screen under the same conditions as prevail HE teacher points the way; the pupil you will find plenty to criticize. T he know which five tones or harmonics are afrvT1!5 ^ ^ IittIe P°^- They must travel by himself. Since no two 403a North Union Blvd., St. Louis, Mo. to pfft. t r t0 make paust?s lonS enough in any large theatre. Graduaies are in constant demand, IV. Practical Knowledge of Harmony are intensified when he uses this mixture organs are alike, the pupil must learn that stop? Does the student know that there o £ -They from chart t big salaries. ' I ' HE LACK! of a good working knowl- ' ,i.a"d thelr Playing lacks char- XI. Adaptability the organ is an instrument of compromises. are eleven harmonics above a root note Silence is golden” in organ nlav He must not take every registration mark, -*■ edge of practical harmony obliges the and also some harmonics below? The OF the first things that an oi Write for Catalogue E. mg, even as in speech. 8 P ay 0NEstudent ( must learn is adaptabi every note, every rest seriously. There is student to take almost twice as long to get teacher who explains to his pupil that an ..bis is due to the nature of the dem; no instrument which calls for more taste results as would be necessary if he took 8-foot tone is the foundation tone in or¬ VERMOND KNAUSS SCHOOL OF part of his time in getting down to hard", ikely to be made upon all experiei and practical “horse sense” than the or¬ gan construction and that a figure other TT tcVJI PurP°seful Study Players. That is, while pianos in gen THEATRE ORGAN PLAYING gan. Think for yourself! Act 'for your¬ actual work to learn the backbone of music. than an “8” on a stop is for the intensifi¬ This is of really great importance. I realty ^ for SOrae to are all pretty much alike, with some si Allentown, Pa. self ! Never fail to remember that the cation of the harmonics of the 8-foot tone, studies with * .teacher 8ives certain 210 North 7th Street studies with a definite design. He is in¬ difference in tone and touch but with (Continued on Page 419) radical keyboard difference, organs mention THE ETUDE. It identifies 3 1 touch with the higher MAY 1928 Page 393 Page-392 MAY 1928 the etude 0E etude Ways of Acquiring Piano Pupils

Organ and Qhoir Questions Answered By Edwin A. Leonhard G. SCHIRMER, INC. By Henry S. Fry is of fundamental importance, for sometimes hear of prospective pupils. It Now Publish Former President of the National Association of Organists, mfyoung Pianist who desires to teach, is a truism that one pupil tells another Dean of the Pennsylvania Chapter of the A. G. O. I know how to acquire pupils. and often sends him to his teacher. WANTED i Formal advertising in the newspapers, MUSIC Ho question will be answered in THE ETUDE unless accompanied by the full name 7. He should give recitals himself, even ANDYOUTH and address of the inquirer. Only initials, or pseudonym given, r..trill be published. „-ing either display advertising or the if they are in modest style, and have his ‘‘Help Wanted” column, is of assistance. pupils give them. Some teachers give M0SIC However, as it sometimes means having studio recitals at regular intervals, mak¬ mg advertisement run a long time before ing them social affairs. He should ac¬ ic matter of preludes and offertory ablo to decide whether any change is results are obtained, its practicability de¬ company singers and instrumentalists when -- often puzzles me, for, unfortunately sary tor your purpose. Dr. Audsley snoeifii r church worship, we do not hare a pipe * All the metal pipes throughout the or^m pends upon the money one is able to ex- possible. AND .yan but a piano. I am of the opinion that unless otherwise specified, are to be forSKl 8. He should secure a position as a that which sounds well on pipe organ docs of rich spotted metal—an alloy of 45 FIRST-MUSIC-MAGAZINE Theatre Organists As often as possible the teacher church organist. Church people will thus not usually sound equally well on piano, tin and oo parts lead, specific gravity ft or >* FOR-YOUNG-PEOPLE-IN especially in church, for I prefer the churchly The specifications for the two 8-ft nh should have himself mentioned in the learn that he gives lessons. He should AMERICA type for use, there,. Will you kindly give some pasons are as follows: * la' suggestions of collections of numbers from “GRAND PRINCIPAL, 8 ft. This Thn newspapers as a musician. If he gives join one or more social, church or fra¬ Positions paying salaries of $40 cantatas, oratorios and such toorks as I may chief unison foundation stop of the oV4i, recitals, even unpretentious ones, he should ternal organizations and play at their en¬ YOOTH be able to use7 Will you also suggest ways calls for a voice of extreme fullness 1 • ' pahiments dignity, dominating effectively the see to getting “write-ups.” If he plays tertainments, The last mentioned organi¬ to $ 100 weekly are so many that a church organ he should have his name zation may engage him as its pianist or often short naps in the. service where.. I IISTC AND YOUTH was created to further the love, appreciation and knowledge quickly use. something to fill in hut am not )radically free from perceptible upper parHai mentioned as organist in the weekly organist. finished players are practically rraily with improvising. What can I dot 9. If he has good pupils he should let M'SKiS ,L°SS?'.V mind, ‘ " - ' t modulation from one ■ones’ that* may ^ church notices. selection t milder must pay special a 1(1 organ 3. He should have business cards printed it be known. This is one of the very best assured of engagements through ters connectedted with the fformation and voir and distributed to all who may be likely forms of advertisement. A successful mg of tins all-important stop. The piano sonatas- and s to be helpful. A music store proprietor vocal teacher in a large city had many the College. est your looking 01 of 1 :2.00 halvingIving on the following books tor your purpor - or shop-keeper may he willing to keep students come to him as a result of the Nothing in the Last 20 Years Ashford's Piano Voluntaries (for use i a few cards on his counter for distribu¬ instruction he gave to a young girl who Church Services) Vol. 1 and 2. , cc. 6.6S inches diameter, 20.98 inches Sabbath Day Music. Leon Keach. circumference. tion or to fasten one to the counter where afteirward appeared as a local artist at a Has Pleased Teachers and Stimulated Study More C. i.10 inches diameter, f::?enU^T^°Z and practice before the Screens provided by the Col- ,Sabbath Echoes, Vol. 1, Carl Eekhoff. circumference. 12.88 inches it will catch the eye of every customer. music festival. t£S * ‘tS New two, three and four manual Wurlitzer and Moeller Home Circle Music Series (No. 69 Sacred MUSIC AND JOUTH contains Piano Album), Joseph Gahm. . F. 3.34 inches diameter, 4. He should mail to a number of people 10. He should keep on the alert for SSS. °r8anS 'eSSOnS anJ PraCti«> and opiated by061'" Sacred Music the Whole World Loves circumference. circulars announcing himself as ready to teachers who are about to cease giving P^no, the violin, and other instruments, (Vocal and Instrumental), Albert E. Wier. 0.58 inches diameter. LSI inches It is difficult to suggest means of con¬ take pupils. musical instruction and who may recom¬ ^±1 as timbers oftdtttas, Jee cluV choral societies and study clubs. trasting hymn accompaniments on the piano 5. He should have a sign on his studio. mend him to some or all of the pupils Direction: except by embellishment. If the singing ‘~ terntha the circumference and In height1 “w This is seen by many people daily. he is relinquishing. You receive in one year (10 issu p ham y be v If '°, exceert greatly oW-fourtb the diam- ortirlK 2S0 beautiful, clever and r CHARLES H. DEMOREST and HENRY FRANCIS PARKS ter of the pipes. All the pipes of this'ston In short, he should leave no stone un¬ ire to be of spotted metal of tlie tillm--?l 6. He should speak of his intentions to Famous Theatre Organists of passing .. , friends, relatives and the people with turned to become well known to the com¬ basis of the hymn tune, if you are not maappr8ovedfle>« of the Grand Principal, s ft. The scale MUSIC AND YOUTH (Dept. E), 7 East 43rd St., New York City of the keys may be made. In this way you l? ,*!e *<• (llP ratio 1 :2.00—halving on the By studying everything, taking trouble SCHEDULE OF LESSONS can start n the key in which you happen eighteenth pipe - 8 "1C “I practice four hours a day,” hundreds to be playing and continue- the circle until of MnjMajor Principal. of pupils say. What they mean is that they over the minutest detail, being satisfied lew ney uesired. For instance, 1st week Preparatory for Screen playing suppi ushed to go from the key of erenceiUCheS «P«lfle|£ that each note is perfect and known by Practicing thoroughly, however much heart and the time accurate, even though we love music, is jolly hard work. But baiiad‘- rather as the emergency method \ hf input TorWn%a‘V°tehea^m modulations are available. We si we are practicing slowly. The right tempo if we never shirk, we shall get there secure a copy of Palmer's ; amiVthiT0, #* « « »W for the left m, mmuifSZ’ ,(? the f°otf On a tm- can soon be attained. at last. _KeyB board j andn,,d Steal the lower key-boardtthe Wtor “Methods may change, but the essential nature of music remains un¬ FREE FELLOWSHIPS follows: suyyis- changed. Whether zve are listening to Bach or to Stravinsky is immaterial; id Mr. Parks havr the ultimate revelation will be the same. '—Rollo H. Myers. thirty minutes, to the studen ward Free Fellowships of two 1c__ ter an open Competitive examination y> f- llst of good pieces of an easymcdium char- wsess the greatest gift for play . Free Fellowship application blanks over for organ. ’attenonetwo°8taCms—AnCo°f- “'M'1 mmic America’s First Qhopin VMemorial FALL SESSION OPENS SEPTEMBER 10 Loved as Chopin is by the musicians I aa' Offertory on two cSnns Ilvmns’ indicates heel. COMPLETE SUMMER OR WINTER CATALOG ON REQUEST ; Fantasia on Old Christmi and musical public of America, it is just j Faulkes. Carols) i| to he used f if'abLve the* staff tbe SPRING TERM NOW OPEN FOR ORGAN STUDY (2) Ki,, . a little strange that his first public me- j Pieces for Organ. Faulkes; Mel- orS»n the Grea°t kev-boarrt ?s” tb, bwT* die. Matthc morial has been but recently unveiled by the I L^fen^ a 0.th%ST ^ °Ue’ Chopin Singing Society of Buffalo. New j York, in Humboldt Park of that city. ^ T- The memorial stands eleven feet high, j consisting of a white granite base sur- j ^srrrri!0: mounted by a bronze bust (three feet ipms"7dr the Sn"??"0'1’"'"' Franck; t°Tiby'Au^gleyfwe high) of the composer who has given lovers Selections f,„? S' Jackson: Iteed Organ rS; > he had in OeLuxe. Autographed of piano music perhaps more pleasure than .nrSl:fSeeCdh,{JrPghar[4^Sre^d ^ "glfhlisL^ STtST. ^ any other of his period. CHICAGO ru~jA*-„Sor,0“s organ builders furnish “Organ Stops” .m,i>yn.oh.ton.'-r. The likeness of Chopin is said to have so very different been unusually well preserved by the sculp¬ from the publishers o tor. Jo. C. Mazur, a resident of Buffalo, who has risen to eminence in his profes¬ c o.opc'dfiliation edited °{y *'\esf' sion. The portrayal was secured through MUSICAL qettiiirj the real ore most ,widely - kiw tn the teaching? the study of paintings and lithographs of I like those the composer, from personal descriptions k* Fugue in L (pears t—I. J: ’T some of his contemporaries, and from stops. We A. Vol. VI. the death mask made by the French sculp¬ COLLEGE •en by Dr. ('icon tor, Clesinger. 60 East Van Buren St. S X . Diapasons, Vol. VIII. ll' (college°Building) Chicago, III, - -let Jubilo Music has risen to such an eminence of HERBERT WITHERSPOON, President New Jersey'ersev °f 8iSLL|dF of^V^HXoke” Herzlich that mieh verlangcn recognition in the educational and cultural LEON SAMETINI, Vice-President a reasonab.v,wnable distance ofalthls°ecWeuVlt1!.1" ~ nisch bcivein’ dein’ Sunic RUDOLPH GANZ, Vice-President would suggest thatJw nc‘’ °' this Church, we an Gross aspirations of the modern world that this CARL D. KINSEY, Manager becomes a most fitting ornament to one of °ur public parks, a type of memorial of E ETUDE when addressing our advertisers. With tire builder you may be CHOPIN MEMORIAL AT BUFFALO (Continued on Page 403) which at present America has all too few. MAY 1928 Page 39o Page 394 MAY 1928 ■ mDi run .’"rw: Hearing and the Uiolin By J. Entwisle Pupils who can not be taught to play The ears are tested in a quiet room, a The VIOLINIST’S ETUDE even a simple scale in perfect tune fall tuning fork, a ticking watch, or the to the lot of nearly every violin teacher. whispered voice being used. The pupil Edited by Some dismiss these pupils as hopeless. stops one ear with his finger and notes Others keep them, particularly if the fees the distance at which hearing ceases. AT NAPLES in the year 1708, Robert Braine *Ghe Lean Year are needed. It is always well to tell the Then the other side is tested in the' same Corelli, one of the greatest violin¬ tone-deaf pupil that he will never make way and the results compared. If there ists of his time, appeared as solo¬ IT IS THE AMBITION OF THE ETUDE TO MAKE THIS VIOLIN DEPARTMENT By Chester Moody a musician, but'this should not be done is a marked difference in the distances ist at a concert, the orchestra being con¬ hastily. the pupil is told to go to see a doctor or “a VIOLINISTS MAGAZINE, COMPLETE IN ITSELF.” ducted by the equally renowned Alessan¬ HERE IS an “Average Child” The instance of a pupil who could not car specialist and come back when the cars are normal. Of course there arc dro Scarlatti (father of that Scarlatti 1 S ^ b°Ught a dol play in tune at any time comes to mind. whose name is well-known to pianists). fiddle for a present on his twelfth Her mother on being told by the teacher some who cannot he cured of defective An annoying little occurrence in the audi¬ birthday and have started his le, that it was a waste of time and money hearing, but adenoids, chronic catarrh, Slippery ence had somewhat distracted the violin¬ with Mr B— who is the teacher 0f'2 Allen’s Foot=Ease attempting to teach her daughter the violin, tonsils, impacted cerumen, fungi, exostoses ist’s attention, and, when he began the next of the boys m the next apartment tu The Antiseptic, Healing Powder exclaimed, “If you cannot teach her, some¬ or foreign bodies in the external auditory for the Feet piece, which happened to be in C-minor, How to ^Master the VYlinor JYCode apartment rules forbid practicing befor one else will,” and took her to another meatus can be relieved and cured. fingers he amazed everybody by beginning in C- nine in the morning and after eight Takes the friction from the shoe, teacher, with no better results. After a To test the voice, pupils should sing relieves the pain of corns bunions, major. Scarlatti immediately stopped the night; so this child snatches a brief hn ' while' she gave up the violin and started to a scale, ascending and descending, then UDDEN nervous perspira¬ orchestra and said politely, “Let us begin calluses and sore spots, freshens the in thirds and fifths. If they are very S By Edwin Hall Pierce ^T^playtime between school and feet and gives new vigor. learn the piano, paid for lessons for four tion! How uncomfortable it again.” But the same thing happened supper—thato* -is, .cif —sister■ . playing„ the years, but made no definite progress. The young and the scale is unknown to them, is when it makes the fingers slip¬ once mor^. At last Scarlatti pointed out Mnkes Tight or New Shoes Feel Easy they can follow the teacher s voice or in¬ latest hit or brother showing his friend teacher finally came to the conclusion tiiat pery—untrue. the blunder to him, and the performance strument. If they repeatedly sing flat or Bob, how to tune in on Valparaiso. Inthe At night, when your feet are tired, sore he was taking money without giving Experienced musicians know went through correctly, but poor Corelli D is the fourth step in each scale, sharp at some particular part of the test, ?ward evening company comes and the child is and swollen from excessive dancing benefit in return. So he advised her to that the regular use of Odorono was so mortified at having publicly made E is the fifth step in each scale, or walking, sprinkle Allen’s Foot-Ease they are advised to sec a specialist and try some other instrument and left her keeps the fingers comfortably dry. such an amateurish mistake that he imme- F and F# are different (but compare the Major ABC in the foot-baih and enjoy the bliss come again in a week or so. But mostly to choose for herself. It also prevents perspiration em¬ diately left Naples. Although scarcely “melodic minor” at this point), Minor ABC s i .g § j of feet without an ache. New pupils should he tested as to hear¬ these pupils who fail on the voice test are beyond middle age, he never recovered Gl is the seventh step in each scale, There is only o e hundred thousand not promising material for violinists. barrassments and offense from note different—Cl and and, "since tbTcS feJTSJS rent were used by our ing and voice before signing up for lessons. noticeable odor. Checking per¬ his own self-esteem, and the humiliation A is the eighth step in each scale, C—but that is a .tally important differ- and makes use Qf every odd minute ™ spiration in small areas with Odo¬ of the affair undoubtedly shortened his Before we leave it, let us also notice the and'V*Foot - K:ii > dSgTJoll Vent 'FREE. practice, he progresses in the right direc- rono has no effect on health. Phy¬ llfe- location of the semitones: in the major Ybhe Lean Year sicians recommend it where per¬ i lucky thing that young violin sca*e they are found between Cl and D and tlon- At the end of six years, however ALLEN S FOOT EASE, LeRoy. N. Y. his parents shake their heads dubiously (Continued from Page 394) students are less sensitive on this point, between Gl and A; in the minor scale they or A Gl F| E D Cl B A In a Pinch, use Allen’s Foot-Ease spiration is annoying. He has not made a —* '.- • • - for there is scarcely one that ever lived found between B and C and between Mlnor AG F EDC BA can remember from his former teacher. A sound-reproducing-machine serves as Regular Odorono (ruby colored) and his new fiddle brings freedom from moisture and odor who has not made exactly this mistake— case different from the _ Here the minor scale shows three dif- He writes them down: well. Attending church services in the next village of a Sunday aids him, for the used the last thing at night once H possibly more than once—though not in major and in the other case like the major, ferences: G instead of Gl, F instead'of doc? not take - ure 1. Right' thumb-nail and first finger or twice a week. Odorono No. 5, EM such public hearing. The reason is, first, singing, though uncultivated, is sincere. Between F and Gl in the minor is an ex- FI, C instead of Cl. The’other degrees ,,|ualif>' a pinching the bow. milder (colorless) used daily or IWt that they are too often rather cloudy in tia wide interval where the fingers must be °* the scale remain the same. Notice that i. • 0V.le orc*iestra- So at eighteen Next, he gets the name of a repair shop every other day, night or morning JH 2. Straight bowing. mind as to the exact difference between more than usually separated. This is called the “descending melodic minor” uses ex- glves UP “ss°ns and, having finished in the nearest large city and sends for is for sensitive skins or the major and minor modes, and, second, an “augmented second,” and is always actly the same letters as are found in the ; A,’, . work that is more 3. Long sweep across strings. strings before his own give out. He keeps hurried use. At toilet goods that they sometimes begin carelessly with¬ found in the^“harmonic” minor scale, but relative major (not the tonic major) only lmmedlate,y lucrative, 4. Tip how on far side of hairs. himself supplied with rosin and with two counters 35c and 60c. Or send jjffSSl bows newly rehaired. He sends for music 10c for 4 samples to RUTH fygjt'A out reading the signature of the piece. never in the ‘ melodic.” that it begins and ends on A instead of 5. Left arm under violin. progressively difficult and for magazines MILLER, The Odorono Com- f PH tn, ... „ , on C- -A Musician Marooned pany, 386 Blair Avenue, 6. Fingers ready to drop on strings. and books on music. Time and place to Ta\e Tour Choice The Melodic Minor Scale „ Tr QUR PARTICULAR Average Student Cincinnati, Ohio. 7. Firm hold of violin at the chin-rest. practice are provided by his staying in the ’ I' HERE ARE two ways of consider- 'T'HE DESCENT of the “melodic” ’“’F w becomesHornes a t-teacher . rura] schooI warm schoolhouse an hour or so after ing the minor mode in relation A minor scale is different from its as- rT'HE SIXTH and seventh degrees of Nothing from his past 8. Fingers down oh strings when they school. An audience is attracted by the major: by practicing the relative mil™, make two sets of com- A thethejscale scale assume three different "formsi ~__ hutbut h. Pw ^ structor. He gathers all the precepts he about the minor mode. i ns one In touch with the higher idi (Continued on Page 395) iiention THE ETUDE. MAY 1928 Page 397 0E ETUDE

VIOLIH QUESTIONS AHSWERED Band and Orchestra Department .' {Continued from Page 367) By Robert Braine

-—-- 1 ~~ .—

Musical Home Reading Table (Continued from Page 351) In One Hour You Can Play *zTUNE /

Gives You All These Features ftlFiss

rjsnsamsti <6he Verdict of the Princess

FREE—Saxophone Book

£>U chart. Send your name for copy. [4531

• control of all feeling, t d after it is

cA Summer Course in BAND CONDUCTING Five Weeks: June 25-July 28,1928 by the a VICTORJ.gr ABEL

An eighty-hour course, treating every phase of the subject. Write for outline, mentioning this magazine. SHERWOOD MUSIC SCHOOL

[ I C A G O , ILLINOIS Page 89S MAY 192,8 THE ETl MAY ms Page 309 yuE ETUDE

Success By Henry B. O’Connell SUMMER sAin that one man in a hundred thoroughly any new ideas advanced; make fees a success in life. He is one who practical use of the information and in- Ihinks and reasons, observes, considers BandeStra) CONDUCTING nd concludes wisely. The other ninety- the times and fully posted as to the con¬ MASTER a. sce without observing, decide without tinued progress being made in the musical reflecting and experience without profiting profession. Then it goes without saying by their experiences. that you will have taken several new steps SCHOOL The success ml man will read such an on the road to success. article as this over, think it all out and Perhaps you are already successful.- apply it to his own prolessionai or uusi- Then teach your pupils how to become so. June 25 to August 4 (Six Weeks) S. 1 e; while the Otl et e 11 Show them the value of literature, the throw the paper aside with scarcely more benefits to be derived and the indispensable (Alphabetically Arranged) knowledge to he gained through careful than a cUrsor-v R’ail”;.h • thp fore

Experii e proves that a pupil with the stincts, and this is a tremendous ; EDWARD COLLINS RENOWNED AMERICAN PIANIST ability to v bv car will often, with less the student of music. Trying to p u-pass others who apparently tunes on the piano strengthens I applicatioi PERCY GRAINGER WORLD RENOWNED PIANIST out pieces sin- had heard at the physical ding a pupil to indulge in this pastin training classes and elsewhere, nevertheless vided’ided he ddocs not thereby neglect his RICHARD HAGEMAN found it difficult to learn the notes. P>ut lar practice. If, however,I a pupil NOTED COACH AND ACCOMPANIST tendency t GEORGE DASCH 1 heard it. Her neglecting note-reading, he Conductor Little Symphony, Chicago MARY STRAWN VERNON : of rhythm was xcedent and she obliged to do sight-reading at VICTOR KUZDO Principal Public School Music Department • and to learn pieces EMINENT VIOLIN PEDAGOG AND ASSISTANT TO PROF. AUER which For such a pupil the ; teacher is but a a. r. McAllister Playiing by ear is a sure sign o W. OTTO MIESSNER g of his weakness. NOTABLE AUTHORITY ON PUBLIC SCHOOL MUSIC Director Township High School Band, Joliet. 1 ANN TRIMINGHAM ability Associate Principal ALEXANDER RAAB ARTHUR OGLESBEE EMINENT HUNGARIAN PIANIST Appreciation, Analysis, History of Music LEON SAMETINI SCHEDULE Questions and Answers RENOWNED VIOLINIST BANDMASTER AND CONDUCTORS COURSE Class Methods, Wood Wind... , SUPERVISOR'S COURSE S !ss U“hods .MethodsMethods i.I. Grades I, II, III IV (Continued from Page 349) HERBERT WITHERSPOON Methods,hods, St . .6 hours . 3 hours .. 6 hours and Faculty of more than 200 Artist Teachers FREE FELLOWSHIPS . jj§

here is an unusual course TEACHERS’ CERTIFICATES and DEGREES STAGECRAFT - PRODUCTION - PAGEANTRY Direction CARL LUNDGREN A Class Every Day in the Week STUDENT DORMITORIES ArlUUc „d —«—-***«*'* 1"c'TT/“aa“f"&nt,cUn80rP“bl“&h~iM“‘tc<,urS

Extra College Applied Music, Piano, Voice, Violin, Theory The extra College English Brass and Wood Wind, Fully Accredited Classes are fully Psychology accredited by all Pedagogy (SPECIALISTS FOR EVERY INSTRUMENT) S*®te Boards and CHICAGO all Colleges and Send for Summer School Catalog Universities. * MUSICAL COLUMBIA SCHOOL OF MUSTC COLLEGE CURE ««*«■ REEE. », ^2^ 60 EAST VAN BUREN ST. (SSSiSaS) Chicago, Hi.

Please mention THE ETUDE addressing MAY 1928 Page 401 Page 400 MAY 1928 THE ETUi 0E ETUDE TEACH School Music Department Page 368) rSUMMER the Buescher been offered. The study of DeRubertis, conductor of the Kansas City RUDOLPH Saxophone ture from the listener’s stan Little Symphony Orchestra, selected and one-fifth of the time in each trained an orchestra of seventy-five play¬ ers from Kansas City high schools, which ! MASTER Music in the Senior High School played a concert at Ivanhoe Temple. pHE COURSES offered in 1921 were Half of this group was selected for the Music I, II, III and IV, hari Star High School Orchestra which orchestra and band. In 1922 a course in played at the Southwest Music Super¬ SCHOOL- Music Appreciation for the study of litera¬ visors’ Conference at Tulsa, Oklahoma, ture beyond the performance of high in March. school pupils was included. In 1924 voice A well-balanced band is in existence in June 25 to August 4. 1928 (42nd Season) classes were organized. In these, special every junior and senior high school in attention is given to the diverging needs of Kansas City. In April, 1927, The Board the voices of individual pupils. of Education voted $5400 to be used in Music I. II, III and IV consists of a the purchase of larger band instruments general composite course covering four to be used in the high schools. In addi¬ 7am 0(Mem GANZ semesters. It includes chorus singing, with tion to the equipment in orchestra and O WOMAN need suffer the FAMOUS PIANIST, TEACHER N JOSEF LHEVINNE special attention to tone and interpretation, band instruments furnished by the Board mental distress and the' physi¬ World Renowned Piano Virtuoso. Repertoire Teacher’s Classes. Auditor Classes sight reading, elementary theory and prep¬ of Education, the high schools have pur¬ cal discomfort caused by underarm COMPOSER AND CONDUCTOR aration for hearing concerts in concert chased band and orchestra instruments perspiration if she will use NONSPI halls or over the radio. costing $7060. (an antiseptic liquid). NONSPI. used and endorsed by physicia AT THE In the spring of each year a vocal con¬ test has been held among the senior high Music in Junior and Tea schools of Kansas City by the girls’ glee Advanced courses i oscar SAENGER clubs, boys’ glee clubs and mixed choruses. ciation and harmony Internationally Famous Master of the Voice. Opera Classes. Teacher’s Classes The mixed choruses have contested__ the junior college. A boys’ glee club, a Repertory Classes. only in singing but also' in sight reading, girls’ glee club and an orchestra _ make Another yearly event of importance is the valuable contributions to school activities, HENIOT LEVY CHICAGO singing of a cantata by the combined mixed Music instruction continues throughout choruses from all high schools. We are the three years of Teachers’ College, pleased that one of our high schools (Man- This course includes experience in sing- Try NONSPI! Purchase a bottle KURT WANIECK ual Training High School) has won the ing, with special emphasis placed on t&ne at your toilet goods dealer or drug- gist for 50c (several month’s supply) Brilliant pianists and eminent instructors. Repertory and Teacher’s Classes state music contest at the University of and interpretation and acquaintance with or if you prefer Missouri for three consecutive years, 1925, all music material used in the Kansas ADOLE WEIDIG MUSICAL 1926 and 1927. City elementary schools. The method of Accept our 10 cent Trial Offer (several weeks supply). Well known Authority on Theory and Composition. In 1921 the Kansas City Music Teachers’ presentation is, of course, stressed. Ob- Association, in collaboration with the Di- servance of regular class-room teaching KARLETON HACKETT rector of Music, worked out a four-year of music and practice teaching are re¬ Distinguished vocal instructor and critic. Repertory and Teacher’s Classes course of study in piano, violin and ’cello quired for graduation, COLLEGE and a two-year course in voice, which the . „ . , EDUOARD SACERDOTE Board of Education approved. By this Music Equipment in the Schools Eminent Teacher of Voice. plan examinations have been conducted npHE LABORATORY equipment of twice yearly by examiners from outside 1 the music department consists of FALL TERM OPENS SEPTEMBER 10 Kansas City employed by the Board of singing text books, pianos, phonographs JACQUES GORDON Education. The examinations have been and phonograph records. The Board of Famous violin virtuoso and Concert Master Chicago Symphony Orchestra. based upon the material outlined in the ap- Education furnishes the text books and proved course. rents pianos for kindergartens only. It HERBERT BUTLER FREE FELLOWSHIPS is interesting to note that in the elemen- NEW | Eminent teacher of the violin. Piano, Band, Orchestra and Octavo work. We Orchestra and Bands in Junior and tary sch0ols there are 155 pianos and 172 specialize in book work; also engraved titles. Senior High Schools sound reproducing machines bought by Faculty of over one hundred artist teachers MUSIC J'i&STO'&tSSi. Send your mss. for estimate. TWO ORCHESTRA ensemble classes Parent-Teacher Associations. The amount OTTO A. C. NULSEN, are held daily in all junior and which has been expended by the Parent- Special Summer Courses: l”e rnSr J, Te'U,Ve ?am™,i0n' to possess P.O.Box 774 senior high schools. Last year Mr. N. Teacher Associations is $81,075. SPARE TIME WORK Public School Music-O. E. Robinson, Director AppCrb^^S: Con,est first week 01 7<[ew Musical Wor\s Reviewed Piano Tuning fiayseasily $2 to *4an hour. Requites Dramatic Art, Expression-effort Pyre, Director j °ney^ate lesson weekly of 60 minutes each for entire Children’s Musical Training'-Lou,se Robyn, Director S3~ gS-S-rirSSS TW°wfekPlv of^ ~Z Interpretation _ Teachers’ Class School for Theatre Organ Playing' weekly of two hours each for entire year Frank VanDusen, Director %«“= yeirn° 0388 "'”kly of h°” each lor You Only Have to Buy One Jazz Lectures by Eminent Educators, Recitals by Distinguished Artists \ Instruction Book if You Buy AXEL CHRISTENSEN’S FREE SCHOLARSHIPS T° ft’rtSS deserving students awarded after competitive examinations. Josef Lhevinne will award one scholarship for private and two for reper¬ •ytsexssiiss:wssH tory cjass lessons. Oscar Saenger will award one scholarship for private lessons and five scholarships in Opera Class) JAZZ Appiy for application blanks. and Superior Dormitory Accommodations. Rates of Tuition Moderate Novel Piano Playing CREDITS student dormitories .£ men and womTn^^collegeTudding^Tm°dfti0nSl/lr with each roomf6 Prices'rcasonabde. hm,“wd

AMERICAN Complete Winter or Summer Catalog on Repaest CONSERVATORY 60 ftTI CAcL D’ K,NSEY> Manager OF MUSIC “«« CHICAGO8 ILL. Htghest Artistic Standard, HERBERT WITHERSPOON President 571 KIMBALL HALL Chicago, Illinois

When you write to our advertisers always mention THE ETUDE. It Identifies you ns „„c touch with the higher ‘deals of art „n(1 ~ MAY 1928 Page 403 Page 402 MAY 1928 ™ BTUDl etude (Cinderella at the ‘Piano

(Continued from Page 359)

, . that you may more comfortably ap- the other measures simply repeating MADAME SCHUMAMN'HEIAIK o^ite the usual tempo of 132, when former phrases. That is analysis of form. rXrSt hand part is added. The very fact that you have so carefully thMove slowly in o^der to be safe. The analyzed the material of reading and play¬ Hopes to find the GREAT AMERICAN SINGER at her n we proceed very deliberately on an ing has put you already far on the road ■Ca50'dewalk is that we may see clearly to memorizing this Nocturne. Se e the safe spots are. Then we bring (2) Repetition of process. Here, too, FIRST WORLD’S ho foot down slowly m order to m.n- your eye and hqnd have been busy repeat¬ • • » the possibility of slipping or of ing many times the motions necessary in throwing the body out of balance. If one reading and playing, and to that extent th, ^ first steps slowly and carefully, you have eased the task of the memory. !!e gains both a knowledge of the con¬ In fact you will find that without further dition of the sidewalk and also a confidence thought you can play quite a number of MASTER CLASS the chords from memory. But—there will be some chords that the memory has not grasped. Why? The Those Ice-Covered Spots answer is plain. They have not had enough attention and repetition. For in¬ Horner-Kansas City Conservatory TF YOU hurry the first steps you will stance, compare the third measure with the i slip and stumble, and then you will he others around it and you find it has four afraid all the way. June 11th to July 14th, Inc. (5 Wee\s) So if you allow Cinderella to rush head¬ entirely different chords. So it demands long into slippery, difficult places, she will that much more analysis, synthesis, and Three Lessons Each Week (Total Fifteat Lessons) reiterated motions to drive it—like a pile- fall She will lose confidence, and she driver—into the firm soil of the memory. will’ become an awkward bungler. At the beginning of this article I spoke of your stumbling so when memorizing Stitches for Cinderella Three Free Scholarships!!! the left hand chords. You are no excep¬ t*CO MANY, many repetitions!” you tion to the rule that, for ninety-nine out ^ say. Well, think of the hundreds At last an opportunity to receive personal instruction of every one hundred students, the chief and hundreds of stitches that Cinderella obstacle in memorizing is the left hand must put into the Queen’s robes and trains under this great and celebrated Artist part. —and not one must show 1 What is the task for the memory? The Can you expect good work from Cin¬ psychologist tells us that for the cultiva¬ derella if you encourage her to think of Write at once for full particulars tion of a reliable memory two things must herself as only a menial? If you send be stressed: (1) attention to material; her out as a scullery maid to wait upon (2) repetition of process. the Queen Melody and hold her train, but Management: horneiuwitte concert bureau Attention to material is applied iii two have all her buttons missing, she will ways, analysis (pulling apart) and syn¬ stumble every few steps and people will 3000 Troost Avenue ~ ~ ~ Kansas City, Missouri thesis (putting together). giggle and think the royal procession a Charles Tamme By Arrangement George Engles If you have grasped the intent of the huge joke Rather, train her to a sense of former paragraphs, you will perceive that her high dignity as the Queen’s attendant, TEACHER OF SINGING that is precisely what we have been doing. for Chopin has given dainty gossamers and We have* been spelling out the left hand rich brocades to adorn her Queen. Special Summer Courses for Teachers and Students part letter by letter for tl)e reading, and iptarrrtt grbrnil motion by motion for the playing—anal¬ Unsurpassed advantages COSMOPOLITAN SELF-TEST QUESTIONS ON MR. 2231 Broadway, New York City . Send for Details CONSERVATORY of MUSIC ysis. Then we built up the chords, both BENBOW’S ARTICLE for SUMMER MUSIC STUDY in "S!"1 MUSIC*-,!,"/"' by reading and playing and then built these chords into phrases into the final 1. What three conditions make the left- synthesis. hand part harder to play than the right? 2. What notes particularly trouble the “overseer?” Why? DENVER Ma\e the Eyes Save the Fingers where you breathe in PEP with the rarified air and enjoy FURTHERMORE, we gave attention to the vista of snow-capped mountains. " the first twenty-four measures (two Eastman School of Music pages) of the left hand part and found that only eight measures needed our practice, 5. Explain analysis and synthesis. of the University of Rochester Bn/ M‘e,S7'R S weeks course for Playing 1VUUU1JJURudolnh VJdUAG Students and Auditors. Mollie Margolies, Asst. HOWARD HANSON, Director Bot E. 16th Floor Kimbdf Hdl"®dg.,*Chfc!!^> RAYMOND WILSON, Acting Director of the Summer Session Blanche Dingley-Mathews Organ Questions ^Answered for Schools. AcademieTaiS' Colfjoof EPVCATIONAL MUSIC BOOKS (Continued from Page 392) Summer Session June 25—July 28, 1928 THEODORE jSSfLogi. Arthur Hartmann 5 fewS.for Teachers and Master Class All Departments Open for Instruction By Members of the Regular Faculty of the School John L. Wilcox 5 VocaI Pedagogy and Master of Improved Music Stud) SPECIAL COURSE FOR TEACHERS DUNNING SYSTEM for Beginners John C. Kendel 6 TCe-t* courseJn Public School Music Methods. The Demand for Dunnina r..-ier, Canno, feg SuDoliedZwhv? Cover All Work Prescribed in Public School Music Courses. 1 ^ 1VCUUC1 Assistants: Margaret Streeter (Appreciation) Bernadine FitzPatrick (Class Piano) normal classes AS FOLI OWS Classes in Normal Methods, Voice Training in Classes, Piano MRS. CARRE LOUISE DUNNING, Originator 8 W„, an.u c, „ Teaching in Classes, Stringed Instruments, Brass and Woodwind In¬ Katharine M. Arnold, Arnold Schooiof mZc 93 M,di S, 't« " £* Ci'^ Instruction in all branches of APPLIED MUSIC AND THEORY School, June 4. ’ ad,'’°" Sl - Ohio. S Weeka’ Normal Cl». struments, Conducting, Ear Training, Harmony and Appreciation. by members of our regular faculty, including— Allie Edward Bantus, 1006 College Are.. Ft Worth T „ Elirette Reed Barlow, Boa 1244, St. PetenfaJ FL aT*3 V"U Twr««- Chicago, III. HENDRIKS, Piano; GINSBURG, Violin; TRUSTMAN Cello- Asheville, N. C. ' Normals: Juno —Sl. Petersburg; July—Atlant NORMAL AND REPERTORY CLASSES Catherine Gertrude Bird, 658 Colliogwood Avenue Detroit Mu,, for Teachers of Piano STAPS, Organ; STRINGHAM, Theory - and .30’others’ Grace A. Bryant, 201 10th Are. N„ Twin Falls ld k ' Mlch" Jul!r *■ Mrs. Jean Warren Carrick, 160 East 68th St »i ° j o Dora A. Chaso, Caroogie Hall, New Y^ Ch'l po 'V" r ""‘T"""’*' 0—■ COURSE FOR MOTION PICTURE ORGANISTS College Credits Toward Degrees - IQ Free Scholarship Beatnce S. Eikol, Kidd-Key College, Sherman Texas COURSES FOR CHURCH ORGANISTS Ida Gardner, 17 East 6th Street. Tulsa Okla m Gladys Marsalis Glenn, 1217 Bowie St Vivina Maei ClaMe.hT“‘“’,,,rou!h»“l theSeason; Paris Frant ACADEMIC STUDIES IN UNIVERSITY , a ly Recitals on the great Mumpical Organ; numerous Artist Recitals. Florence Elizabeth Grasle, Lansing ConierrMo i m*™*" •' T«* Harriet Bacon MaeDon.ld-13434 Detroit i. * Mich. Dormitories for Women Send for Summer School Bulletin Mrs. Ohio; 60,0 *>«««•• t. Mrs. Wesley Pnrter Mason^,62« FOR INFORMATION ADDRESS >.r,Lg *«■-.«... ** «. The Denver College of Music, inc. ARTHUR SEE, Secretary, EASTMAN SCHOOL OF MUSIC 1000 Grant Street, Denver, Colo. Rochester, New York

ich with e higher Ideals of ar id life. MAY 1928 Page Jf05 Page U04 MAY 1928 THE etod tBE etude tMaster Discs Lf awrence cA Course in the (Continued from Page 366) THIRTY-THIRD ANNUAL A T3rip to Conservatory of Music ■ nressively projects the breadth of that Sicut Cervus and Popule Meus (Pales- I . st;c change at the finale. The set is trina), sung by Palestrina Choir (Victor), aAppleton, Wisconsin Class Method ^/l recorded. The interpretation through- These two discs are culled from the ed- A Department of Lawrence College WC ’ good—satisfying in its brilliancy. A ucational catalogue, but their interest un- Italy, France, Switzerland Dummer ession of °ut "ore legato might have been forthcom- doubtedly will be universal. The choir l511 "L.uover in some of those dance-like which calls itself after the famous 16th July - October Piano, Voice, Violin, Cello, Organ, U® A ’ Century composer is unusually fine. The June 18 - August 11,1928 Teaching melodies. • r mnjnr /Rorh'l Hymn of Charlemagne, the Crusader, was with Band Instruments, Public School Music, the.end of the 8th and Freni century. The present version is listed as Public School Art, Dramatic Art. by Harold arnue • L.p_nrn_ having been used by Jeanne d’Arc in the Features; Piano Samuel's playmg of Bad..has-become ^ ^ palestrina cho. LAZAR S. SAMOILOFF Eminent Vocal Pedagogue Private Theater Organ Teaching Orchestral and Choral Training, internationally ^amous. rales are exceptionally beautiful. These lit- Instruction tie discs have some fine examples of i An intensive eight-weeks Positions and Fugues will undoubtedly interest stu- ^plfLT singing. Music Festival, Artist Recitals. The old Greek VOICE TEACHER OF: In all musical and dramatic course, given privately by dents as well as music-lovers. ■ - - -s 6 subjects. Faculty of 150, in¬ Mildred Fitzpatrick, known The Sherwood Music School BEGINNERS composition is also interesting. The num¬ cluding many artists of na¬ as one of the most successful now has thirty-four Chicago bers of these discs are 20896-20898. MME. JULIA CLAUSSEN CONSUELO ESCOBAR Neighborhood Branches, in will be an important feature of the BIANCA SAROYA tional and international and highly paid theater or¬ Vocal Artistry HELEN STANLEY renown. Low tuition rates. ganists in the country. The which are taught four thou¬ CURT TAUCHER sand junior piano and violin 1928 Summer Session of the a UF FLUEGELN des Gesanges Recommended to be Heard CLAIRE DUX GEORGE F. HOUSTON Special Classes students. The School is able Sherwood Music School. This fi (Mendelssohn) and Von Ewige Liebe 'T'HE FOLLOWING series of discs ROSA RAISA to provide teaching positions GLADYS AXMAN JOHN UPPMAN Piano Master Class, conduct¬ course is offered for all who wish to (Brahms), sung by Lotte Lehmann A The Etude recommends as worthy ed by Andre Skalski. Violin in these Branches for ad¬ (Odeon). °f a hearing, though, because of lack of Master and Normal Class, vanced students and teachers prepare to teach piano [privately or and many others of piano and violin, who con¬ One of the greatest soprano voices of space, they cannot be individually an- conducted by P. Marinus in public schools] to beginning Paulsen. Other classes in template extensive courses of our day interprets these two songs beau- aiyzed: , Le Reve and L’Elisir Piano Normal; Piano Teach¬ study, but whose funds are pupils, by the class method which jtifully. They are both love songs and d’Amorc, Una furtiva lagrima, sung by Vocal Lessons with LAZAR S. SAMOILOFF not entirely sufficient for very appealing. Charles Hackett, Mazurka in B minor and coaching with ANDREW KOSTELA- ing Repertoire; Harmony, has been a notable development of Theory and Composition; their plans. Applicants for Barber of Seville (Rossini), La cal- (Chopin) and Campanclla (Liszt-Busoni), NETZ during the trip. Orchestra Conducting; Stage these positions are given spe¬ recent years. An unusual advantage unnia and .Sim;/ of the Flea (Moussorg- played by Ignaz Friedman; Polonaise Very Moderate Expense cial courses of preliminary Deportment; Choral Con¬ training includes actual prac¬ sky), sung by Chaliapin (Victor). (Chopin) and Prelude, Opus 28, No. 15, ducting and Church Music; training, these varying in of the course is that it does not tice in film accompaniment. Chaliapin’s ingenious artistry is su- played by Ethel Leginska; Little Minister Sight Singing and Ear-Train¬ Four-manual movie organs, accordance with previous confine itself to one system, but ing; Ensemble Playing; and training and experience, if perbly project!d in this disc. He is one Overture (Mackenzie), New Queen’s with a tremendous range includes the best features of all. MASTER CLASSES Operatic Ensemble. of stops, are provided for any. The Summer Session Carl J. W ateraian of the few artists who never lose their Hall Light Orchestra. (These are Colitm- courses are designed particu¬ practice purposes. Dean, Lawrence Conservatory personality on or off the stage. In the bia recordings.) Then there are the fol- PORTLAND, ORE. Beginning May 21st Public School larly to meet the needs of Write for Summer Session Catalog operatic a wily priest tells how a lowing: Haydn Trio in G major, played Music those who desire to qualify ofMusic (Ruth Creed, c/o Sherman & Clay Co.) for Neighborhood Branch Appleton, Wisconsin “breath of scandal” cleverly told will by Thibaud, Casals and Cortot (a deli- A six-weeks course, leading Eight Vacation quickly develop into a slanderous story, ciously optimistic little work) ; “The Sth to a Special Public School teaching positions. The nu¬ Excursions In the song of that clever Russian com- Symphony of Tchaikovsky,” played by- SEATTLE, WASH. Beginning June 20th Music Teacher’s Certificate, merous additional teachers TEACHER of SINGING Sltra)ooi)(Dii5itScW and providing thorough 1. A boat ride on Lake required for the 1928-29 [Founded 189; by Wm. H. Sherwood] poser, Mous- i w ky. giving the story of a Chicago Symphony (a glorious work, ably (Madge Talmadge, P. O. Box 930) teaching season will be en¬ IN ALL ITS BRANCHES training in Methods, Sight- Michigan. FINE ARTS BUILDING flea that becomes a courtier, Chaliapin described in accompanying circular) ; The Singing, Ear-Training, Musi¬ gaged from those attending adroitly presents the humor of this com- Victor Herbert Album, selections from z. A visit to the Field Mu¬ the 192.8 Summer Session. 410 South Michigan Avenue For Information Write Secretary, New York Studio, 309 W. 85th St. cal Literature, Conducting, position. his works being commendably recorded; seum of Natural History. Ask for details and applica¬ Folk Dancing, History of (Lecture by curator.) SUMMER SESSION CHICAGO, ILLINOIS Hymn to Apollo, Ancient Greek (about the Metropolitan Chorus discs—1“Meis- Music, Form, Analysis, Ap¬ tion blank. (No obligation.) preciation, and Harmony. An automo- at Chicago Musical College B. C. 2781 ami Ami Creator Spirius tersinger,” Kirchenchor and Wach auf! (Hymn of Charlemagne), sung by the sung by Berlin State Opera Chorus. Band Conducting Palestrina Clmir. (These are Victor recordings.) A five-weeks course, com¬ A Seventy-Day SMBsamumg SAMUEL WILENSKI, Pianist-Teacher 4. A visit to prising eighty hours of in- 11 European Tour Offers Special Summer Courses in Piano and Harmony for Advanced Pianists for struction in all phases of band I the Art Insti- Educational Study fjotes Six Weeks, Beginning July 6. One Free Scholarship. conducting, given by Victor ^ D. A. CLIPPINGER (Continued from Page 387) Jean Grabel, famous com¬ by curator.) poser and band conductor. 5. A visit to Summer Term for Singers and Teachers June 25th-Aug. 4th the Chicago Recitals and Long and successful experience gives this work the stamp of authority. Lectures Author of SYSTEMATIC VOICE TRAINING 70 Summer Normal Classes in Asheville Seven recitals by members of th^Mune sjn for Teachers of Pianoforte, July 4 to 18 the Artist Faculty. Six lec¬ tures on practical and inspi¬ 7-A visit to - ify rational topics. All free to Newberry Li- lip| ilM Send for Circular. Address, D. A. Clippinger, 6.7 Kimball Hall, Chicago, Ill. Summer Session students. .brary to study N I ' ancient musi- -Yl 'M |l| Certificates— scripts. * Personally conducted by MILLIKIN CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC Mr. and Mrs. Leo Podol- DECATUR, ILLINOIS 8. A journey in chartered car Summer Session courses lead ; sky, of the Faculty of the Offers thoro training in music Ce>1 j* to Teachers' Normal Certifi¬ to Ravinia Park to attend N.U/Ii cates in Piano, Voice, Violin, operatic performance. Met¬ ■ Sherwood Music School. fate^nPiato^Vo*0 °v? r®* ^P^^a.andVe^iS Organ; also to Special Public ropolitan and Chicago Grand ! Six weeks residence in Paris, Music SCHOOLS SSr?a School Music Teacher’s Cer¬ Opera stars. with provision for music Bulletin ant free upon request MUSIC tificate; and are credited to study in the Paris Branch W. ST. CLARE MINTURN, Director. NORTHWESTERN ■ r:‘"T ward the Bachelor of Music j UNIVERSITY I isMSh.™,;! ■ of the Sherwood Music Year 1927-1928 Degree. School. Itinerary includes Living Accommo¬ • Paris, Cologne, Berlin, Am¬ dations sterdam, Hague, Brussels, Bruges, Ghent, Ostend, and Available at moderate rates London. Moderate cost. in Sherwood Dormitory or in private homes inspected ! Ask for illustrated Euro¬ DETROIT and listed by School. ; pean Tour booklet. CONSERVATORY Y °UR REQUEST M a catalog M wiU receive prompt attention ! OF MUSIC 54th Year SUMMER Elizabeth Johnson, President CONSERVATORY MASTER °FCELLO Ugffiiv *» MANO. VOICE. VIOLIN. tationetc R

ICO., 1712-1714 C Page 406 MAY im MAY 1928 Page i07 NEW YORK SCHOOL OF MUSIC AND ARTS »t Central Park er 26 West 86th Street Ralfe Leech Sterner, Director SIX WEEKS SUMMER COURSES for Teachers and Professionals, also Beginners and Advanced Students Starting May 15 pupils may enter any day Rates: $250 and $300 (accordinB to «"droom',u CELEBRATED FACULTY INCLUDING o Arthur Friedheim Ralfe Leech Sterner Eddy Brown Aloys Kremer Frank Stewart Adams Leila Yale Motion Picture Organ. The (treat Liszt interpreter who durinj Organist of Capitol Theatre. JUNIOR: turse will pjay works of all the great masters. Frederick Riesberg Frank Howard Warner inguished pianist who studied with Franz Paul Stoeviirg Pianist,-Composer and Lecturer. tver Scharwenka and Carl Reinecke. ETUDE id author™1”"1' V‘°lln ”rt‘St’ teacher> acllol:lr , Alice Davis Alexander Pero AND MANY OTHERS Accompanying, Organ and Harp. Harmony and Counterpoint. reo and Partial Free Scholarships Open for Com] on in these Courses E Our Entire Faculty will Remain in New York City and Teach

CONDUCTED BY ELIZABETH A.GEST INSTITUTE OF MUSICAL ART of the COMBS CONSERVATORY Phrases from a ‘Piano’s ‘Diary ? ? ? Ask Another ? ? ? JUILLIARD SCHOOL OF MUSIC PHILADELPHIA 120 Claremont Ave. New York City FORTY-THIRD YEAR By Annette M. Linglebach A Qa se of “Sneezles” 1. What is the seventh note of the F- FRANK DAMROSCH, Dean A School of Individual Instruction for the Beginner (Continued from last month) sharp minor scale? Ambitious Amateur, and the Professional ’

JUNIOR ETUDE—Continued. Cincinnati (fonseroatorQ 4Husic

Affiliated with the University of Cincinnati

Junior Etude Contest Sixtv-second Summer Session nior Etude will award three Office, 1712 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa., All Departments Open "S'S SK$££2?S£S* TSE Ves each month for the best and before the tenth of May. Names of Master Class in Piano with Instrumental Classes and Orcheatra pretty Prize. . •- or essay8 an(j an„ prize winners and their contributions will MARCIAN THALBERG Specul “is MOHLER neatest original stories be published in the issue for August. Phrases from Piano’s P)iary A Tal\ About Schubert Cincinnati Is unique in its summer attractions of Grand Opera season nets to puzzles. ., Put your name and age on upper left Gindnnatns uniq«t Company (Student rates) (Continued from Page 407) Little ^Biographies for (flub Meetings By Marion Benson Matthews SiltySubject601, for story , , . „ M ^, ^ uauuhand wumcicorner uiof papci,paper, aimand duuaaaaddress on Upper«■ Ideal dormitories on ten acre wooded campus Send for Sunm‘ ^ QakSt •■School Credits for Music. Must con- f.ght hand corner of paper. If your ___ friendly. He did not skip anything, but BERTHA BAUR, President and Director Dept.E., A ate it in its proper place and time. It was No. 7—Schubert “I have a new piece for my next lesson ” ■ not over one hundred and fifty words. tr;bution takes more than one piece of pa- Burnet C. Tuthill, General Manager ___[_ ■ wonderful—how the dishes behaved. announced Una, soon after her return from ta" . or girl under fifteen years of age per do this on each piece. Franz Peter Schubert was born in songs, The lirl-king, Hark, hark, the lark, Miss Grey’s studio. compete whether a subscriber or not. Do not use typewriters. INSTITUTE Suddenly the Andante Rabbit rame Vienna in 1797, and lived to be only thirty- DANA’S MUSICAL racing down the path. He was in a great Serenade, The Wanderer and Who is Aunt Beth laid aside her book. “What ^/contributions must bear name, age Competitors who do not comply with one years old. Sylviaf WARREN, OHIO hurry. The Queen of Lento had invited is it, dear?” she asked. ■ , 0f sender written plainly, and ALL of the above conditions will not be His name and melodious compositions Some simple arrangements of his com¬ him for a farewell visit to Andantino Pal¬ “It is Schubert’s Menuetto in B Minor," The Only Unioersity of Music in the World are familiar to all juniors; and nearly positions that you can play at your club 3lld * be received at the Junior Etude considered. ace, and he was nearly late for the train. replied Una. everybody can play at least one or two of meetings are: All branches taught on the daily lesson plan : : Special Music Supervisors Course He gulped down a cup of tea and ate some his compositions. “I think that is a beautiful composition,” Catalogue on application to LYNN B. DANA, Pres. Desk E. minuet-cookies in presto time, finishing His father was a school teacher and the said her aunt, “and I hope you will learn Practicing technic Practicing 'Gechnic them off with a piece of silver-song cake. to play it well.” family were all very fond of music. „,IV n..;rn (Prize Winner) . The dishes became angry. The Allegro Although they were too poor to have many “I’ll do my very best,” promised Una. (Prize WINNER) a pianist’s greatest help is a fine technic. Qlptipianbjnatiiulp Mouse had come to tea again. of the things they wanted, they always “And Miss Grey wants me to be able to Technic is a basis of a performances Tllc pupi]s 3hould be put through the regu- One dish said, '“Presto! Charge!” and considered music an absolute necessity in tell something interesting about Schubert, Without a good, wen, well-developed an lar...ecu tecbll;cal WOwutft.rk withwuu great care;**•*''» that > hurled itself at the surprised Andante Rab¬ the home and did without other things in too. This year is the one hundredth anni¬ highly efficient technic a piano' player, of all, the two and five-fingerfive.finger exercises,exe scales, of(Qusir order to have it. bit. The next moment he was hurrying versary of his death, she said. I looked in whatever gradegiauc or-■ circumstance,■ ----. H as badly thirds, octaves, arpeggios, double notes, SUMMER SCHOOL, June 20— Auguzt 1. When Franz was a boy he sang soprano up the path with his coat-tails flying and handicapped anaand a,as poorly equipped -as ■ -•a trills aliud al/so on, These...... ---should be supple- my encyclopedia, but I couldn’t find a great IUUU1 rr . work wr*" 0 .... - Private lessons and individual work in all his whote-note cap on crooked in the choir and played the violin in the carpenter who g 1 out to work witu a mented by exercises, selected from many departments. Master Classes in Piano, choir school orchestra. He was particu¬ deal about him—only a few bare facts.” Then the dishes became quiet. The Blue cross-cut saw and an axe. different sources, which are especially de- Violin, Voice, Cello under Arthur Losser, larly fond of the music of Mozart and “And what were those?’ smiled Aunt Danube Teapot pointed its nose peacefully Technic has alv.v. - been a subject of im- sirable for thc pup;i. Most of all, he must Andre de Ribaupierre, Marcel Salzinger, Beethoven. When he was a little older he Beth. at the Polka-Time Tree, and the sugar set¬ portance, but in thvw progressive times a knQW {be meiodiC| harmonic and contra- Victor de Gomez taught for a while in his father’s school “Let me see—Franz Schubert was born daily opera and repertory classes tled itself in its blue galop bowl. The mastery of thc subject is essential. One pumal secrets 0f the composition he is and spent a great deal of his time writing in Vienna, Austria, in 1797, and died in PUBLIC SCHOOL MUSIC Allegro Mouse yawned and smoothed out must play with technical perfection m or- strivingriving t010 ppiety,iay| otherwise he cannot give» Send for catalogue and dormitory rates music. Finally composition became the one 1828. He began composing before be was his gloves and wondered what time it was. object of his life. His music came to him der to bring out ana intelliiintelligent, artistic." and beautiful ' int' ' Mrs. Franklyn B. Sanders, Director thirteen. His best-known works are the Erl 2827 Euclid Avenue Cleveland, Ohio Then the Blue Danube Teapot leaned over easily and rapidly, and he had a marvelous tion. Technic must become a vehicle upon tation, King and the “‘Unfinished' Symphony.” and touched his arm. gift for creating beautiful melodies. He which interpretaii n rides; technic is the Katherine Ried (Age 14), “It’s tea-time again,” he suggested, and wrote them down hurriedly and disliked He is said to have written over a thou¬ means, but not the complete performance. ______Kentucky. suddenly the Allegro Mouse was all smiles going over them again for making correc sand compositions. Just think, Aunt •• "pianists have to keep their fingers 1C of CINCINNATI good shape and well “oiled”: otherwise Puzzle Corner COLLEGE of MUSI again. tions or changes. In this way he was quite Beth!” exclaimed Una. “He lived to be ADOLF HAHN1, DIRECTOR only thirty-one, and composed that num¬ like the wheels of a machine, they will When the Tea-Time story was finished, the opposite of Beethoven who wrote and 'Musical (?hops One of the earliest endo’ wed Schools in America the room was quiet as a harp. The flute rewrote and revised his compositions until ber^ of pieces in such a short lifetime!” “rust” and become stiff. Technic is the Highest Approved Sta ndards Maintained he got them just as he wanted them. greatest thing in music for hand position looked first at the brown violin, and then “Yes” rejoined her aunt; “he has been RA — DRAMA at me. Then that brown violin (may she Schubert remained poor all his life and and for fingering. By E. Mendes MUSIC - OPE called the man of a thousand melodies,’ • Affiliated with Vnioertity of Cincinnati an id St. Xavier College Dormitories sing sweeter every day) murmured, “It did not take care of his health, which and I have read that it would be more Helen Sohleuning (Age 13), was very nice! Very nice!" as she smiled- finally gave way, and he died in 1828. He Illinois. 1 Use the last three letters of a famous Theme from “Unfinished Symphony" nearly correct to say ’two thousand melo¬ to herself. seemed to write music because he could composer for the first three of a six letter First Three Waltzes, Op. 9 dies.’ Indeed, he composed so rapidly that Michigan State Normal College Conservatory of Music not help it and seemed not to be aware Menuetto in B minor man’s name. that his compositions were of any great he sometimes forgot just what lie had done. Practicing Tjechnic 2 Use the last three letters of a famous Courses in ringing, piano, organ, violin and theory Military March (solo or four-hand ar¬ merit. He was especially gifted in writ¬ There is a story that he brought some of Courses for training supervisors and teachers of public school music. Schubert rangement) “ w^Bei „. . •1" fi"* ,h'“ °f “ ing songs and wrote over six hundred and his songs to a singer named Vogl. A few Rosamund Air A great pianist lias said that tecfamcM u$e the last three letters of a famous “d«- ,ow’ By Leonora Sill Ashton fifty of these, besides, of course, many weeks later Vogl sang one of these songs ■ Threme from Symphony in C (arranged the piano student - bank account, upon ’ f f th first three of a four Michigan State Normal College Conservatory of Music, Dept. 9, Ypsilanti, Mich. One there is, who singing tells of summer compositions for chorus, orchestra, piano, for four hands) m Schubert’s presence. Schubert jumped which he should be able to draw at any cornposer tor t strings and so on. In the year of 1815 up, exclaiming, ‘Say, friend Vogl, that song days; Serenade moment. Without a good, all-round tech- e ‘erUse ^ ,ast three letters of a famous he wrote over two hundred compositions. Is ^really very fine; who wrote it?”’ DUNNING SYSTEM OF IMPROVED MUSIC STUDY Pictures joy and laughter in his sunny This year, 1928, is being celebrated as the nic it is impos' .Mc in become a fine pianist. ’ {or the first three of a six lays. It is no wonder that he . did not do much “Do you believe that?” asked Una in¬ TheVon Unschuld University of Music, Inc. revising! centennial of Schubert’s death; and many No artist pianbt is exempt from practicing ^ The National Capital;* leading institution in the Announces a Schubert programs are being given all over credulously. Higher Musical Education. 24th year. All branches TEACHERS’ TRAINING CLASS Some of his best-known compositions techme. 5 Usg the last three letters of a famous One there is whose music wakes the heart the world. The Junior Etude is therefore „ “I.think't quite likely,” said Aunt Beth. taught by Artists of wide reputation. Courses leading June 4 to July 7 are the “Unfinished Symphony,” and the In practicing technic thererare athut for the first three of a four to Degrees. Piano, Teachers Training Course, Concert ARNOLD SCHOOL OF MUSIC to tears. making this a special Schubert number It is not surprising, when you consider six important points to consider (1) cor WQrd meaning pain. Class under immediate instruction of the eminent 93 Madison Street, Tiffin, Ohio With the' gentle sequence of the passing Viennese Pianist, Pedagogue and Author Mme. Marie what an enormous amount of work he did, rect position in b dy. arms, hands, fingers ^ the last tbree letters of a famous von Unschuld, Mus. D. Dormitory. Catalogue. years. that he had an occasional lapse of memory. and feet; (2> a free swinging arm which ’ osef {or the first three of a four 1638-1650 Columbia Rd., Washington, D. C. His songs were different in form from most carries the hand and relaxed wrists along * ,• uid measure. One there is who catches words upon the of those written during the eighteenth cen¬ with it; (3) quick, exact finger movement _ DUNNING SYSTEM wing, tury. We call them art-songs.” and correct fingering; (4) precise rhythm Answer to February Puzzle CONWAY .JEESol OF IMPROVED MUSIC STUDY, Inc. Jewels of the morning, light in everything. Prepares for Leadership inXommunity. School and Why are they called art-songs?” in¬ and proper accent; ( 5) different varieties L—ute Professional Bands. Private and Class Instruction, Normal Classes for Teachers Dear, Junior Etude : quired Una. of touch, and when and how to use them; Teachers of national renown: Conducting and Band Diplomas Issued upon Completion of Course Dear Junior Etude: I—con J une-St. Petersburg, Fla. July-Atlanta, Ga. He it is who tells us of glad love of life, I belong to the Harmony Club of which (6) taking and leaving the right key at SSeSrote* This is the first time I have ever writ- “An art-song is one in which the melody S—car ! August-Asheville, N. C. Gladsome waking hours , and banishment thirteen young people are members. At the right time in the right manner. ssssrssi ELIZETTE REED BARLOW Etude, but I hope it will not be reflects the words and sentiments,” replied Z—one of strife. each meeting our teacher reads us a story Imogene Woodward (Age 14), leader, Patrick^Conway. Catalog.^ |! Box 1244 St. Petersburg, Fla. ||| the last. lam in the eighth grade at school her aunt. “Schubert tried to fit the melody T—oil about music. We then have a program and Michigan. to the thought expressed. If you will look Prize Winners for February He it is who, ringing changes pn the tone business announcements. We find the wd f°metlmes play for Ae class to sing We have no music club here but I would up some of his songs you will see that this Puzzle Of our day’s true music, tells of work Etude a great help. Honorable Mention for February like some hints on starting one. Ruth E. Pardee (age 13), Illinois A Few Excellent First Grade Teaching Pieces well done, From your friend, Puzzles From your friend, ’ I will, Aunt Beth,” said Una; “and Jean Kornman (age 14), Pennsylvania. VERY EASY EASY Florence Sutton (Age 10), Marguerite Ritt, Elaine Muckle. Elinor M Gertrude Jacobson, thank you for telling me something inter¬ James C. Causey (age 10), Florida. Cat. No. Trice Cat. No. _ . . Prios Tells of love and laughter, tells of grief Illinois. Chappell, Cathrine Deisher, Patricia M 6634 Fife and Drum Brtgde ^ Luddington, Michigan. hyer, Margaret-♦ Ward.Ward, Gertrudeyertruue oienwn*.Stenslia _ 9029 Dance of the Fairy Queen and pain, esting about Schubert. I’m going to re¬ Bugbee $0.25 16578 Cradle Croon.Strickland .20 ■We Nash, Josephine Helling, Lucile Brown. „ MfNTION FOR FEBRUARY j 16379 Dreaming Poppies... Spaulding .25 Tells of winter passing, sings of spring member it all, so I can tell it to Miss Grey onn Speller. Marian Oerlach, .Marguerite HONORABLE MEN nu 2262 Four Leaf Clover WalU^ ^ next week.” OWmann,fiumann, James Rnyno. Dorothy ue.m.e.-Gember- ESSAYSEssays 7664 Turtle Doves.Engelmann .25 again. hng.11)2. Charlotteriiniiw.i. Orr,rt..,. Louiset TtrivniiBernnt. f RobertUnbelt . . flni'Ti n vrlwl olll. Don- 16415 Beginning to Play Rolfe .25 Answers to Ask Another Murphy Margaret Barrett, WeNlna Mus- 6482 Airy, Fairies.Spaulding .30 u

Date MORNING SERVICE EVENING SERVICE Priscilla on Saturday, iy Mathilda Billro ^Sincelb'e violin part is all on tl Clrcus O/, -/lTil'1-1 Priscilla is at last rewarded the jayer has to think moX ‘of “the" ,nri','g5> C ; ^ lor being such a good and But the rhythm is not hard $ “e rhythm. PRELUDE PRELUDE wft" O J such a busy girl for a whole t0 do a little counting. ’ a e w“bng Organ: Fanfare Triomphale. Organ: Canzone. v week. She goes to a tea- No one ever learned rhythm without count' Piano: Serenade.. Piano: Larghetto.Mo party jh ami, my^thu fun she piece is not nearly^

(a) When I Survey the Wondrous (b) Lead’on, O king EternalV.V.Marzo

Acquaint Now^^seU^w^th God.-Riker

POSTLUDE

(a) O for a With Ob) Softly’ Now the' Light 'of Da^Pease

of the tom-tom, or Indian drum? uc vcl->' S-nu. . st&SwiSSrHE Fr“ =

Let’s March, by Robert Nolan Kerr :poS te w: 70s g oT.^Vay^ . Since I have been getting The Etube especially where the I have not seen one letter from Africa; te;fe.fa. SjEF lUZSt**::::*! jSSi-'Slil:--"” .{hi know^aU’ bWhitCh y°U Sh0Ul

Jesus, Stretch ThyUand To .('B.'soio).^ POSTLUDE r. r« i, c„„ POSTLUDE SSS’ M aSS.v:::::::::SS Mill

(a) How LovefyNTHEMS (b) It is*Good'to C

.Know that 2^

POS' te!»na“

^(Violiij, with Organ or Piano Accpt!)**

.{^epS'and;;;- (SI

Teach MeT^yF|,rRY..S?ar “''“^(Violin,'Cello','and' 0^““^ POSTLUDE

The Circus Parade, by R. 0. Suter iTZLTJ, ££ ALBUM OF TRANSCRIPTIONS FOR THE PIPE ORGAN e Juvenile Ctob! In April By H. J. STEWART fgg ETUDE MAY 1928 Page 413

Page 412 MAY 1928 THE ETUDE FIRST RECITAL SONG WITHOUT WORDS

With a very effective left hand melody. Grade 2. WALLACE A. JOHNSON, Op. 175, No.3 LET’S MARCH Andante con moto mjl J=84

A bright and useful teachingpieee. Grade 1. „ , 4 , ROBERT NOLAN KERR Moderato m.m. J = 108

--- -4_ a -

\^r =7. “ 3 marcato s*t jfififi

Q| -3^^= r K 71—"T

p poco rit. piiimossa- J ^ dim. —-- —-. j \ t>. 3 11 & 1 11 4 1 L 5» i 1—5_ --- 1 _ MARCH OF THE TOY TROOPERS In strict military rhythm. Grade If. ANT. GILIS Tempo di Marcia m.m. J=ios

British Copyright s Copyright 1927 by Theodore Presser Co. 4 MEMORIES OF SCHUBERT Two beautiful melodies. Grade 2. Arranged by Theme from the “Unfinished Symphony” RICHARD KOUNTZ Allegro moderato Not fast M.M. J=88

British Copyright secured Copyright 1928 by Theodore Presser Co. Copyright 1909 by Schott Freres a Bruxelles TEE ETUDE etude MAY 192S Page J^15 New!

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“MUSIC PLAY FOR EVERY DAY” IS A COMPLETE FIRST INSTRUCTOR IN ITSELF AND MAY THEODORE PRESSER CO. BE USED AS AN ADMIRABLE INTRODUCTION TO ANY SYSTEM OF PIANOFORTE EDUCATION. 1712-1714 CHESTNUT STREET PHILADELPHIA, PA. f0 ETUDE MAY 1928 Page W Page J,Uj MAY 1928 TUli ETUI)/, On Our Street Soldiers of Christ Keyboard Adventures Eclectic Piano Studies Compiled by Louis G. Heinze Twelve Piano Pieces for Beginners Sacred Cantata for General Use For the Pianoforte By Allene K. Bixby In making this compilation of studjes By Philip Greely By A. Louis Scarmolin from the works of the foremost authorities re are many attractive books and There are many cantatas suitable for This unique little volume has gone to on pianoforte study material, Mr. Heinze *0* Publishers nations of little teaching pieces suit¬ Christmas and Easter, but not so many press and this will probably be the last has been guided by his own experience of 's 1 to be used in First Grade work but suitable for general use. This new Can- month that it will be obtainable at the many years in piano teaching. He knows abIe . a new one based upon some novel tata by Philip Greely is just right for special advance of publication price. The that even Czerny and Heller wrote many !f® and containing fresh and especially production at any special musical church trend in modern teaching is to advance exercises that are not suitable in this day, Cresting material. These twelve little service. It is a little more than half the the student in a manner as pleasant as and therefore selected for this work only inte s are in characteristic vein but each length of the usual church cantata. Al- possible, thereby retaining his interest, a those studies in this grade that have P‘eeC is introduced by some explanatory though the text is an adaption chiefly necessity which every practical teacher proved most helpful, carefully grading , is in bright conversational from the psalms of King David, the com- recognizes. These little “Keyboard Ad- them so that they may be used in order tvle- for instance, the first piece is en- poser gained his original inspiration from ventures” will delight the young student following his successful works, The Piano The Hammer Sony, and this is de- an incident of the World War concerning- and not only prove a most pleasing di- Beginner, price 70 cents, and The Pro¬ vned to strengthen the fifth finger. The a regiment recently debarked at Port version from the instruction book, but gressing Piano Player, price 70 cents. Summer Music History Classes Commencement Prizes And text begins thus: “Do you find it diffi¬ Mazarre which marched into the train- actually assist it by presenting additional In advance of publication copies of this ENTHUSIASM IS CONTAGIOUS cult to keep your little finger curved Awards ing camp singing, “Onward, Christian material. Every progressive teacher will new work may be ordered at 35 cents, During the winter months some pupils nd to play on the tip of it?” and so are so actively engaged in school work that Soldiers.” The melody of this hymn is want to examine this book. The special postpaid. F ONE observes those who are successfully giving music instruction As the closing day- of the school season nn along similar lines. Some of the other it is difficult to sandwich in music history I very effectively introduced Into the Can- price in advance of publication is 30 cents to the young, they will find that invariably there is an enthusiasm draws near, the teacher will naturally give uiecus are: The Church Bell, A Game of tata. The work is chiefly for mixed a copy, postpaid. A Night in Palestine classes. It therefore becomes desirable for radiating from the teacher. When a teacher has this enthusiasm the thought to the subject of suitable awards Toss The Race, In the Hammock, etc. Opera the teacher to introduce a course of pos¬ child is bound to feel that the teacher is approaching the lesson as some¬ for the honor pupils, of diplomas for all sibly four or six weeks during the summer The special introductory price in ad¬ Moods From Nature By Jacob Weinberg thing really enjoyable. those who are to graduate, and certificates vance of publication is 30 cents per copy, months. A great deal of the administra¬ It is these enthusiastic teachers who have little difficulty in holding The special introductory price in ad¬ Four Sketches for the Pianoforte Day by day the subscriptions are coming of promotion for those who are to be ad¬ postpaid. vance of publication is 20 cents per copy, tion of the material in the proper “dosage” pupils and inculcating in them a genuine interest in musical study. vanced to a higher grade. To he able to By Gordon Balch Nevin in from all parts of the country, sent by is a matter for the teacher’s discretion. postpaid. those who are desirous not only of secur¬ Such a teacher enthusiastically tackles the problem of evolving ways give awards of this kind that are partic¬ Playtime Book The special introductory offer on this The Standard History of Music, by James ing a vocal score of this opera, but being and means of awakening the most indifferent pupil and energetically seeks ularly suited to the student of music is in¬ work will be continued during the current Francis Cooke, is a most elastic book. It out the new things published for use in the educational fields of music. deed most desirable, and in past years By Mildred Adair Little Pieces in the Classic more particularly desirous of seeing such was prepared upon a firm educational month. Moods from Nature is a volume art work preserved in printed form and Any teacher who ever becomes dull or depressed should strive to step many of our patrons in the music teaching This is an easy little recreation book Forms of four very beautiful pieces in character¬ basis. One of the central thoughts was thus also made more conveniently available away from such moods, particularly during teaching periods. A teacher profession have availed themselves of our that some teachers will use as supple¬ istic style written in modern vein and that each chapter should be devoted to one By Fanny Reed Hammond to the leading opera organizations of the not finding it within himself to overcome a lack of joy and enthusiasm service on these Commencement Awards. mentary material from the very beginning published in handsome style. Each piece tiling, and one thing only. The subject world. Publishers frequently make in¬ of the chapter wgs to be covered thorough¬ should read frequently from inspiring books. One particular book that we For the benefit of those teachers who are with a larger instruction work, yet, there A knowledge of the classics is most illustrated 'by "a "special drawing made vestments in smaller works that are pub¬ ly and completely in that chapter before might mention along these lines is “Light, More Light,” by James Francis not familiar with our offerings it may be are possibilities of teachers using it in¬ important to every pianist; even our ultra- from a photograph taken by the composer passing to another. Cooke, published by Dorrance & Co. well to mention that we carry in stock gold dependently as one of the first playing moderns proclaim their admiration for the himself. Mr. Gordon Balch Nevin, who lished without thought of any commercial There arc, roughly speaking, twenty-two It is good for everybody to keep joyful and enthusiastic, but where it medals at $3.00 and silver medals at .$3.00; guides to young pupils, after the various works of Bach, Haydn, Mozart and Bee- js kn()Wn chiefly as an organist and a com- possibilities or profit, but solely with an chapters in the book. Thus by dividing it is such a professional asset as it is with the music teacher, it is a condi¬ pins and brooches in gold and silver at rudiments have been explained. It starts thoven and admit that without tthe practice r of songs and organ pieces, has a aim to making what is virtually a contri¬ in four parts, five chapters may be read tion of self that becomes a necessity. prices ranging from 50 cenL to $.1.00 with the Middle C and gradually enters of these composers’ works during their 1 fine talent for pianoforte composi- bution to the Art in putting the work in at a meeting of the class, five at the next Diploma forms are priced from is cents to both clefs, giving as much work in one formative years their education would tjon He wjll be heard from again, published form. meeting, and so on. The teacher who con¬ GO cents and certificates at

0S STUDS MAY 1928 Page hl9 T5he World of Music

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AT LAST —FOR ONLY $ 1^.00 Important Notice r $4.75 Music Lovers aSjSS.^ riflKfoESg siSs::. f;n; SsSsSSa twenty Points in Organ Study c * ™ scribers for The Etude Music Magazine (Continued from Page 391) l?£3r(»!rf£FS;v;5 dS&Stoff Save 70c at a special price of 35 cents for three All issues. This offer gives every music lover 25 >*.- ?}m5 SSaSK QanXou‘5en?Sr, ife" !":iSaVe75c ‘he i™- and August issues are ex- XX. Patience “D ATIENZA.” shouted the old Italian $3.25 1 ‘ r masters. Have patience! One can-

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Tte °::"r:rg„ _ nttm** rnsife Wmnnotthbe d! 3. A? Charleston, South Caro¬ lina, in 1733. BgfiiEg |s short. Two or five years fly around be- 4. Francis Joseph Haydn. f°r one knows it. Let him console him- iiS-- gI; that he wa°skiunnabletoania 'two" e^rs^go 1lfS§.i§ 3-Hrl2?Sr%a sTCia. “YOUTH'S MUSICAL COMPANION” Tifsr agazine that will help you to get more from the music ■ssszTar isy-s T«, — -.=«i» _ «.. 8. The_ Frffejhooter,^composed Players,Players,Jy by Arnoldo Sartorio, price,pHoe, $1.25. —---- that you hear. Send for sample copy. ' TO ANY OF THE add dill of the Pit- “Youth’s Musical i ABOVE CLUBS -“■a ana done, no composer has even really ^Passed Bach, although he may have car- 314 Bulkley Bldg., Ohio ried the art into a different avenue. From ance with our “On Sale” plan. The brief The above prices do not include Canadian nor Tf - , Enclosed find $1.50 for which send me “Youth’s ?ach ‘o the present time there have been somerivdueStoftho^who^fca^notre,^11°^ is^ofenough to th^co*t .of each magazine to cover extra posta^ If thl" amount numerous steps in different directions made ...City...... W7W8 tsvttrsxJSr* i ...State..., S"-Ch" ,rm- Page J,'20 MA V 1028 Tina im

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Scheherazade speaks. ... It is a tale of marvels, to The Scheherazade Suite has been recorded by Leopold beguile her lord. She tells of Sinbad and the magic isles Stokowski and the Philadelphia Symphony Orchestra. It . . . horses with brazen feet, and men of steel . . . sul¬ is available in a special album, with an explanatory book¬ tans and princesses, hourls and turbaned slaves. Color, let. In it, Victor s Orthophonic process has preserved both warmth, rhythm, the very perfumes of the Orient breathe the full splendor of the music itself and the subtlety and in her artful words. vigor of its interpretation. From that ancient collection of tales known as the The nearest Victor dealer will gladly play you the Arabian Nights, Rimsky-Korsakoff drew inspiration for Scheherazade Suite, or any of the beautiful new Victor some of the most vivid and exotic music ever written. recordings, by the foremost artists and orchestras. . . . His Scheherazade Suite is a marvelous arabesque of orches¬ IFrite today Jor the free illustrated booklet, "A Musical tral color, brilliantly imaginative, technically fine. Three Galaxy, with foreword by Leopold Stokowski—a commentary generations of music-lovers have delighted in it. It should upon six of the greatest moments in music. be in every musical library. Victor Talking Machine Company, Camden, N. J., U. S. A.

VICTOR I(ed Seal RECORDS