Update 2 February 2012. New Entries and Changes Which Will Be Included

Update 2 February 2012.

New Entries and changes which will be included in Files at next Update.

ALL CHANGES IN TEXT ON UPDATES WILL BE IN RED.

NEW REPLACEMENT STATEMENT REGARDING COPYRIGHT.

Under Introduction replace from “the contents to acknowledged” with

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It may not be used in whole or part for any commercial activity and publication of any of the content on the internet is limited to the Cone Collector website(www.TheConeCollector.com ). Authors wishing to publish any of the pictures may do so on a limited basis but should inform M Filmer so that the original owner of the rights to the picture can be acknowledged([email protected]

Within the taxon sections, a number of pictures are indicated as copyright © of the museum holding the type. The museums recently provided these pictures and as a condition require their prior approval for any further commercial or non commercial publication. Any requests for publication should be sent directly to the relevant museum.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.

I would like to thank the following for providing information and images leading to most of the changes in this update. 1) United States National Museum Washington DC, USNM, Dr. Jerry Harasewitch. 2) Dr. Luigi Bozzetti of Rome, Italy. 3) Guido Poppe of Cebu, Philippines. 4) Hugh Morrison of Perth, Australia. 5) Gavin Malcolm of Hampshire, England. 6) John Tucker of Illinois, U.S.A. 7) Australian Museum Sydney, AMS, Dr. Wendy Reid, Alison Miller & L. Jackson. 8) Roy Aiken of South Africa. ERRATA.

In update 1

Under Introduction

1) Change Histoire to Historia 2) Change Cavallo to Callapez

And Under Museums

MBL Change Histoire to Historia MNHNC Change Histoire to Historia OUM Change all to OMNH Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Oxford, England.

And Under Acknowledgements

Museu Nacional Change Histoire to Historia Museu Zoologica Change Cavallo to Callapez CHANGES INTRODUCED IN A CONCHOLOGICAL ICONOGRAPHY THE FAMILIES CONOLITHIDAE AND CONIDAE THE CONES OF THE EASTERN PACIFIC. borneensis A. Adams & Reeve, 1848. Published in The Zoology of the Voyage of “HMS Samarang” Mollusca, (London) no. 3, pt. 1: p. 18, pl. 5, figs 8a - 8d. Lectotype (C, M & W) in NHMUK, (42 x 20 mm). Type locality North-east coast of Borneo, (sandy and stony bottom, 10 fths), [erroneous]. Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a synonym of C. arcuatus Broderip & Sowerby, 1829.

cumingii Reeve, 1849. Published in Conch. Icon. 1 (Conus): Sup. pl. 8, sp. 277 (327). Lectotype (C, M & W) in NHMUK, (53.8 x 26.9 mm). Type locality Salango, Ecuador, (South America), (about 7 fths). Nomenclatural status, an available name, an invalid name, a homonym of C. cumingii Reeve, 1848. Taxonomic status, a synonym of C. virgatus Reeve, 1849. edaphus Dall, 1910. Published in Proc. U.S. natn. Mus. 38 (1741): p. 223, not figured. Holotype in USNM, (24.5 x 14 mm). Type locality off Clarion Island, Revillagigedo Island, West Mexico, (sand, 31 fths). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a synonym of C. tessulatus Born, 1778, possibly a valid species.

gradatus Wood, 1828. Published in Index Testaceologicus, 2nd ed: Sup. p. 8, pl. 3, fig. 6b. Lectotype representative (da Motta) figure in Wood, pl.3, fig. 6b (fig. 19 x 7 mm, orig. desc. app. 57 mm), Neotype (Tenorio et al) in SBMNH, (33.8 x 14.5 mm). Type locality California, restricted (da Motta) to Isla San Pedro Matir, Gulf of California, Neotype Isla San Pedro, Matir, Sonora, Mexico, (25 mtrs). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a valid species. gradatus "Gray MSS" Reeve, 1843. Published in Conch. Icon. 1 (Conus): pl. 25, sp. 140. Lectotype (da Motta as holotype) in NHMUK, (81 x 35 mm). Type locality Salango, (Ecuador), South America, (Cuming), (on sands). Nomenclatural status, an available name, an invalid name, a homonym of C. gradatus Wood, 1828, renamed C. scalarissimus da Motta, 1988. Taxonomic status, a synonym of C. scalarissimus da Motta, 1988.

helenae (subspecies recurvus Broderip) Schwengel, 1955. Published in Nautilus, Philad. 69 (1): p. 15, pl. 2, figs 14 - 15. Holotype (Hanna), [erroneous ? lectotype], in USNM, (45.2 x 19.2 mm), lectotype representative (Lauer) figure 14, (fig. 44 x 18 mm). Type locality Curu, Gulf of Nicoya, Costa Rica, (West Coast). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a synonym of C. scalaris Valenciennes, 1832. incurvus "Broderip" Sowerby I & II, 1833. Published in Conch. Ill. (Conus): pl. 33, fig. 36. Lectotype representative (Kohn) figure in C. I. pl. 33, fig. 36, (fig. 42 x 18 mm). Type locality Monte Christe, (Manta, Ecuador). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a synonym of C. regularis Sowerby, 1833.

Dauciconus kaiserae Tenorio, Tucker & Chaney, 2012. Published in A Conchological Iconography – The Families Conolithidae and Conidae – The Cones of the Eastern Pacific: p. 42, pls. 249 & 302. Holotype in SBMNH, (21.0 x 9.6 mm). Type locality off Isla Manuelita, Isla del Coco, Costa Rica (West coast), (gravel & sand bottom 110 mtrs). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a valid species. kohni McLean & Nybakken, 1979. Published in Veliger 22 (2): p. 140, figs 4 & 24 - 29. Holotype in LACM. (35.3 x 18.7 mm). Type locality Caleta Tagus, Isla Isabela, Galapagos Islands, (muddy silt, 18 - 37 mtrs). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a valid species.

monilifer Sowerby I & II in Broderip, 1833. Published in Conch. Ill. (Conus): pl. 33, no. 37, published 17.05.33), Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. pt. 1, no. 4: p. 54, not figured, (published 24.05.33). Lectotype (da Motta) in NHMUK, (50 x 22 mm). Type locality Salango Isl., Ecuador, (sandy mud, dredged, 9 fths). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a valid species. Gradiconus nybakkeni Tenorio, Tucker & Chaney, 2012. Published in A Conchological Iconography – The Families Conolithidae and Conidae – The Cones of the Eastern Pacific: p. 57, pls 265-266. Holotype in SBMNH, (26.4 x 9.8 mm). Type locality Bahia Los Frailes, Baja California Sur, Mexico. (47 – 60 mtrs). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a valid species.

pemphigus (variety brunneus Wood) Dall, 1910. Published in Proc. U.S. natn. Mus. 38 (1741): p. 220, not figured. Holotype in USNM, (26 x 17 mm). Type locality Tres Marias Islands, (West coast, Mexico). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a synonym (form) of C. chaldaeus (Röding), 1798. scalaris Valenciennes, 1832. Published in Humboldt & Bonpland, Voyage dans l'Intérieur de l'Amérique dans les Années 1799 - 1804 Recueil d'Observations de Zoologie et Anatomie Comparée pt. 2, book 14: p. 338, not figured. Lectotype representative (Kohn) figure in Kiener, 1845, pl. 88, fig. 5, (fig. 30 x 12 mm), holotype recently rediscovered in MNHN, (23.3 x 9.6 mm). Type locality Acapulco, (Mexico, West coast) (Lauer). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a valid species.

scalarissimus da Motta, 1988. Published in Publcoes. Occ. Soc. port. malac. (11): p. 47. Lectotype of C. gradatus Reeve (holotype of C. scalarissimus da Motta) in NHMUK (81 x 35 mm). Type locality of C. gradatus Reeve Salango, (Ecuador) South America (Cuming), (on sand). Nomenclatural status, an available name, a new replacement name (nomen novum) for C. gradatus Reeve, 1843. Taxonomic status, a valid species.

Holotype of C. gradatus Reeve. scariphus Dall, 1910. Published in Proc. U.S. natn. Mus. 38 (1741): p. 225, not figured. Holotype in USNM, (41 x 20.5 mm). Type locality off Cocos Is., Gulf of Panama, (West coast), (rocks, 66 fths). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a valid species.

Dauciconus shaskyi Tenorio, Tucker & Chaney, 2012. Published in A Conchological Iconography – The Families Conolithidae and Conidae – The Cones of the Eastern Pacific: p. 45, pls. 252 & 303. Holotype in SBMNH, (34.75 x 16.7 mm). Type locality NE of Isla Manuelita, Isla del Coco, Costa Rica, (West coast),(fine coral rubble bottom, 120 mtrs). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a valid species. Gradiconus skoglundae Tenorio, Tucker & Chaney, 2012. Published in A Conchological Iconography – The Families Conolithidae and Conidae – The Cones of the Eastern Pacific: p. 64, pl. 278. Holotype in SBMNH, (24.9 x 10.4 mm). Type locality Bahia Los Frailes, Baja California Sur, Mexico. Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a valid species.

thaanumi (subspecies gradatus Reeve) Schwengel, 1955. Published in Nautilus, Philad. 69 (1): p. 15, pl. 2, figs 12 & 13. Holotype (Hanna), (erroneous ? lectotype), in USNM, (45.5 x 22.4 mm), lectotype representative (Lauer), figure 12, (47 x 21 mm). Type locality Salinas Bay, Costa Rica, (West coast). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a synonym of C. recurvus Broderip, 1833. virgatus Reeve, 1849. Published in Conch. Icon. 1 (Conus): Emend. p. 1. (pl. 16, sp. 87). Three syntypes in NHMUK, (56 x 29, 48 x 25 & 46.5 x 23 mm last probably figured). Type locality Salango, Ecuador, (dredged, sandy mud, 12 - 16 fths). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a valid species.

FiguredsyntypeinNHMUK SyntypeinNHMUK. CHANGES INTRODUCED IN VISAYA VOL. 3, No. 5, March 2012.

Phasmoconus alexandrei Limpalaër & Monnier, 2012. Published in Visaya vol. 3, no. 5: p.21 & plates. Holotype in MNHN, (34.38 x 17.70 mm). Type locality Aliguay Island, North of Mindanao, Philippines, (50 – 250 mtrs). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a valid species.

cebuensis (subspecies proximus Sowerby) Wils, 1990. Published in Gloria Maris 29 (2): p. 25. figs 4 - 6. Holotype in IRSN, (37.1 x 19.2 mm). Type locality Punta Engano, Mactan Isl., Cebu, Philippines, (2 - 40 mtrs). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a valid species. Dauciconus colombi Monnier & Limpalaër, 2012. Published in Visaya vol. 3, no. 5: p. 15 & plates. Holotype in MNHN, (19.31 x 10.67 mm). Type locality La Vauclin Bay, East coast of Martinique Island, (in shallow water). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a valid species.

Phasmoconus goudeyi Monnier & Limpalaër, 2012. Published in Visaya vol. 3, no. 5: p.41 & plates. Holotype in MNHN, (41.03 x 19.38 n=mm), Type locality Bourail West coast of New Caledonia, (on sand, 50 mtrs). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a valid species. marielae Rehder & B. Wilson, 1975. Published in Smithson. Contr. Zool. (203): p. 14, fig. 10 & Frontispiece figs 10 & 11. Holotype in USNM, (40.3 x 19 mm). Type locality 0.5 miles off Bay Motu-Hee, Nuku-Hiva, Marquesas, (35 fths). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a valid species.

Cylindrus scottjordani Poppe, Monnier & Tagaro, 2012. Published in Visaya vol. 3, no. 5: p.47 & plates. Holotype in SMNS, (68.7 x 31.3 mm). Type locality Cuyo Islands, (10 – 25 mtrs). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a valid species. Phasmoconus sogodensis Poppe, Monnier & Tagaro, 2012. Published in Visaya vol. 3, no. 5: p. 49 & plates. Holotype in collection Conchology Inc to be deposited in Philippine Institution, (52.00 x 21.5 mm). Type locality off Sogod, Cebu, Philippines, (muddy sand bottom, 180 – 250 mtrs). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a valid species. IMAGES TO BE ADDED. nobilis ss abbai Poppe & Tagaro, 2011. Published in Visaya Vol. 3, no. 3: p.83, pl. 1. Holotype in IRSN (KBIN), (34.5 x 16.4 mm). Type locality Solor Island, Indonesia, (in shallow water). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a synonym (form) of C. victor Broderip, 1832, (a subspecies of C. nobilis Linnaeus, 1758).

alexandrinus (Paes da Franca) Kaicher, 1977. Published in Card Catalogue (pack 13) Conidae: card no. 1293. Lectotype (Rosenberg & Petit) in USNM, (23.6 x 12.8 mm). Type locality Angola, (sand and algae, shallow water), designated (Rosenberg & Petit) Coato Bay, Benguela, Angola, (in sand under rocks, 1 – 2 mtrs depth). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a synonym of C. musivus Trovao, 1975, (a synonym of C. bulbus Reeve, 1843. colmani Röckel & Korn, 1990. Published in Acta Conch. (2): p. 16, pl. 8, figs 1 - 4, pl. 9, figs 1 - 7, pl. 10, row 5, figs 3 - 5. Holotype in AMS, (42 x 23.6 mm). Type locality S.E. of Swains Reef, Great Barrier Reef, Queensland, (Australia), (185 - 225 mtrs). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a valid species, possibly a semi fossil.

©AMS. empressae Lorenz, 2002 (“2001”). Published in Schr. Malakozool. 18: p. 15, pl. 2, figs 1, 2, 7 & 8. Holotype in WAMP, (24.9 x 10.7 mm). Type locality Sanana Kecil Pulau, Pulau Sabalana, Sea of Flores, Indonesia, (under small blocks of dead coral, 25 – 40 mtrs). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomical status, a valid species. Dauciconus fenzani Petuch & Sargent, 2011. Published in Visaya vol. 3, no. 3: p. 40, pl. 2, fig. 1. Holotype in LACM, (47.1 x 21.8 mm). Type locality NW of Isla Coiba, Golfo de Chiriqui, Panama, (dredged from 150 mtrs). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a synonym (form) of C. poormani Berry, 1968.

kahiko Kohn, 1980. Published in J. Paleont. 54 (3): p. 534 & figs. Holotype in USNM, (26.6 x 17.9 mm). Type locality Waimanalo Formation Southeast side of Ulupoa Head, Mokapu Peninsula Oahu, Hawaii. Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a synonym (gerontic or semi-fossil form) of C. chaldaeus (Röding), 1798). (Cornutoconus) lamellatus Suzuki, 1972. Published in Pacific Shell News (5): p. 2, fig. 1 (dated 31st May, published 5th September). Holotype and paratype were in Collection Maruma in NSMT, (18.4 x 11 mm & 16.7 x 8.7 mm), [both missing in May 1989 & April 1995]. Type locality off Sumisu Isle, near Hachijo Isl. Izu Islands, South China Sea, (trawled about 300 mtrs). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a synonym of C. chiangi Azuma, 1972, (published July 1972).

Figure in Suzuki. limpusi Röckel & Korn, 1990. Published in Acta Conch. (2): p. 14, pl. 5, figs 1 & 2, pl. 6, figs 1 - 2 & 5 - 6, pl. 7, figs 1 - 8, pl. 10, row 4, figs 3 & 4. Holotype in AMS, (44.7 x 22.5 mm). Type locality Yeppoon, Capricorn Group, Capricorn Channel, Queensland, Australia, (80 - 216 mtrs). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a valid species.

©AMS. lineopunctatus (Trovão) Kaicher, 1977. Published in Card Catalogue (Pack 13) Conidae: card no. 1259. Lectotype (Rosenberg & Petit) in USNM, (38.1 x 21.3 mm). Type locality Angola, designated (Rosenberg & Petit) off Elefantes Bay, Angola, (trawled in 20 mtrs). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a valid species.

lobitensis (Paes da Franca) Kaicher, 1977. Published in Card Catalogue (Pack 13) Conidae: card no. 1311. Lectotype (Rosenberg & Petit) in USNM, (19 x 11.2 mm) Type locality Angola, designated (Rosenberg & Petit) Armado Bay Mocamedes, Angola (under rocks low tide). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a synonym (form) of C. fuscolineatus Sowerby, 1905 (a synonym of C. variegatus Kiener, 1845 or possibly a valid species. micarius Hedley, 1912. Published in Rec. Aust. Mus. 8 (3): p. 147, pl. 43, fig. 32. Holotype in AMS, (6.2 x 3.6 mm). Type locality 15 miles S.W. of Cape York, Queensland, Australia. Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a synonym of C. traillii Adams, 1855. (placed in Genus Lilliconus Raybaudi, 1994).

©AMS.

(Dendroconus) royaikeni Veldsman, 2010. Published in Malacologia no.66, p.3 & pls. Holotype in SAMC, 53.00 x 27.5 mm. Type locality Port Shepstone area, Natal, South Africa, (on reefs, SCUBA, 40 meters). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a synonym (form) of C. natalis Sowerby, 1957. NEW NAMES PUBLISHED IN MALACOLOGIA.

Textilia lucasi form “albina” Bozzetti, 2011. Published in Malacologia no.72: p.12 & figures. Specimen described whereabouts unknown, (28.85 mm). Type locality Lavanono, Madagascar Meridionale. Nomenclatural status, an unavailable name (nomen nudum), described as a form after 1961. Taxonomic status, none, (A specimen of C. lucasi Bozzetti, 2010).

Cylinder textile form “arabica” Bozzetti, 2011. Published in Malacologia no.72: p.12 & figures. Specimen described whereabouts unknown, (86 – 88 mm). Type locality Toliara, South West Madagascar. Nomenclatural status, an unavailable name (nomen nudum), described as a form after 1961. Taxonomic status, none, (a specimen of C. textile Linnaeus, 1758. Rolaniconus gilberti Bozzetti, 2012. Published in Malacologia no.74: p. 5 & figures. Holotype in MNHN, (30.51 x 20.32 mm). Type locality Toliara, South-Western Madagascar, (inside coral reef, 3-5 meters). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomical status, a valid species.

Asprella madecassina Bozzetti, 2012. Published in Malacologia no.74: p.5 & figures. Holotype in MNHN, (32.63 x 18.38 mm). Type locality Lavanono, Southern Madagascar, (Trawled in 30- 50 meters). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a valid species. Darioconus behelokensis forma “pseudoracemosus” Bozzetti, 2012. Published in Malacologia no.74: p.7 & figures. Three specimens described whereabouts unknown, (61.29 mm, 56.56 mm & 51.09 mm). Type locality, Toliara Madagascar, South-West and Cape Sainte Marie, Madagascar. Nomenclatural status, an unavailable name (nomen nudum), described as a form after 1961). Taxonomical status, none (specimens are C. pennaceus form racemosus Sowerby III, 1874). AUTHOR INDEX.

Bozzetti After C. adamii insert C. albina. After C. aquata insert C. arabica. After C. flammata insert C. gilberti. After C. lucasi insert C. madecassina. After C. olgiatti insert C. pseudoracemosus. Under Lichtenstein Change C. lars to “C. lar” After Lightfoot add Limpalaër & Monnier C. alexandrei. Under Monnier & Limpalaër before C. dorotheae insert C. colombi. After C. dorotheae insert C. goudeyi After Poli add Poppe, Monnier & Tagaro C. scottjordani. C. sogodensis. Under Reeve after C. lorenzianus add C. lorenzianus. After Tenorio, Poppe & Tagaro add Tenorio, Tucker & Chaney C. kaiserae. C. nybakkeni. C. shaskyi. C. skoglundae. ERRORS approximata (variety lavendulus Bartsch) Turton, 1932. Published in Marine Shells of Port Alfred, South Africa: p. 13, not figured. Holotype in OMNH, (32.1 x 17.1 mm). Type locality Port Alfred, South Africa. Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a synonym of C. lavendulus Bartsch, 1915, (a synonym of C. tinianus Hwass, 1792).

aureolus Sowerby II, 1858. Published in Thes. Conch. 3 (Conus), pt. 18: no. 141, (erroneous, not described, but listed in the Index, p. 49), pl. 17 (203), fig. 395. Holotype in NHMUK, (19.1 x 10.7 mm). Type locality not known. Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a synonym (form) of C. fumigatus Hwass, 1792. aureonimbosus Petuch, 1987. Published in New Caribbean Molluscan Faunas: p. 17, pl. 2, figs 7 & 8. Holotype in USNM, (27 x 13 mm). Type locality Gulf of Mexico, 50 kms South of Apalachicola, Florida, (dredged, 150 mtrs). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a synonym of C. attenuatus Reeve, 1844.

bairstowi Sowerby III, 1889. Published in J. Conch. Lond. 6 (1): p. 9, pl. 1, fig. 12. Holotype in OMNH, (51.7 x 28.7 mm. orig. desc. 50 x 27 mm). Type locality Port Elizabeth, South Africa. Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a valid species. dalli Stearns, 1873. Published in Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 5 (1): p. 78, pl. 1, fig. 1. Lectotype (C, M & W) in USNM, (52.1 x 27.9 mm). Type locality Three Marias Iles, Gulf of California. Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a valid species.

fergusoni Sowerby II, 1873. Published in Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. unnumbered (41), pt. 1: p. 145, pl. 15, fig. 1. Type series whereabouts unknown, (fig. 145 x 85 mm). Type locality Panama, (West Coast). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a valid species, although a junior synonym of C. fulvocinctus Crosse, 1872, C. fergusoni takes precedence (nomen protectum), ICZN Opinion 1502, (1988), see Section 1 B (5).

Figure in Pro. Zoo. Soc. kraussi Turton, 1932. Published in Marine Shells of Port Alfred, South Africa: p. 13, pl. 3, no. 108. Holotype in OMNH, (25.1 x 11.6 mm. orig. desc. 26 x 11 mm). Type locality Port Alfred, South Africa. Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a synonym of C. tinianus Hwass, 1792.

(Cornutoconus) lamellatus Suzuki, 1972. Published in Pacific Shell News (5): p. 2, fig. 1 (dated 31st May, published 5th September. Holotype and paratype were in Collection Maruma in NSMT, (18.4 x 11 mm & 16.7 x 8.7 mm), [both missing in May 1989 & April 1995]. Type locality off Sumisu Isle, near Hachijo Isl. Izu Islands, South China Sea, (trawled about 300 mtrs). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a synonym of C. chiangi Azuma, 1972, published July 1972.

Figure in Suzuki. lar Lichtenstein, 1794. Published in Catalogus rerum naturalium rarissamarum 2: p. 31, no. 170, not figured. Type material whereabouts unknown, dimensions not mentioned. Type locality not mentioned. Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, doubtful (nomen dubium), lost type, not figured, no locality and an inadequate description. lineatus (Röding), 1798. Published in Mus. Bolten 2: p. 47, no. 593/91, not figured. Lectotype representation (Walls) figures in Chemnitz 1788, pl. 140, fig. 1304, (fig. 34 x 16 mm). Type locality not mentioned. Nomenclatural status, an available name, an invalid name, a homonym of C. lineatus Solander, 1766 (fossil) and of Hwass, 1792. Taxonomic status, a synonym of C. parius Reeve, 1843. lorenzianus Reeve, 1843. Published in Conch. Icon. 1 (Conus): pl. 27, fig. 152. Holotype was in Mus. Delessert, whereabouts unknown, (fig. 37 x 16 mm). Type locality Seas of Africa, [erroneous]. Nomenclatural status, an available name, a homonym of C. lorenzianus Dillwyn, 1817). Taxonomic status, a synonym of C. virgatus Reeve, 1849.

Figure in CI. lorenzianus “Chemnitz” Reeve, 1849. Published in Conch. Icon. 1 (Conus) Supp: pl. 5, fig. 249 (299). Holotype was in collection Lorenz, possibly in NMF, (38 x 19 mm). Type locality Honduras [East coast] (Dyson). Nomenclatural status, an available name, a homonym of C. lorenzianus Dillwyn, 1807 and Reeve, 1843 (Reeve seems to be replacing his C. lorenzianus of 1843 with this C. lorenzianus of 1849, however the two figures represent two quite different species. Taxonomic status, a synonym of C. spurius Gmelin, 1791.

Figure in C.I. luzonicus Hwass in Bruguière, 1792. Published in Enc. Méth. 1: p. 706, no. 98, (1798, Tab. Enc. pl. 338, fig. 6). Lectotype representative (Kohn), figure in Tab. Enc. pl. 338, fig. 6, (fig. 41 x 25 mm). Type locality Philippines, [erroneous]. Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a senior synonym of C. perplexus Sowerby II, 1857. C. luzonicus should be forgotten (nomen oblitum) and C. perplexus should take precedence (nomen protectum), see ICZN Section 1 C (4).

luzonicus (Brug) Sowerby II, 1858. Published in Thes. Conch. 3 (Conus), pt. 18, p. 28, no. 236, pl. 15 (201), fig. 344. Type series whereabouts unknown, (fig. 33 x 18 mm). Type locality Panama (Cuming). Nomenclatural status, an available name, an invalid name, a homonym of C. luzonicus Hwass, 1792. Taxonomic status, a synonym of C. purpurascens Sowerby, 1833.

Figure in T.C. 3. mahogani Reeve, 1843. Published in Conch. Icon. 1 (Conus): pl. 22, sp. 126, (published Aug), (1844, Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. pt. 11, no. 130: p. 169, not figured, published Jun). Three syntypes in NHMUK, (48.5 x 20.5, 43 x 18.5 & 43 x 18.5 mm. last figured). Type locality Salango, Ecuador, (sandy mud). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a valid species.

Figured Syntype in NHMUK. patglicksteinae (subspecies floridanus Gabb) Petuch, 1987. Published in New Caribbean Molluscan Faunas: p. 30, pl. 5, figs 3 & 4. Holotype in USNM, (25 x 13 mm). Type locality off Palm Beach Island, Palm Beach County, Florida, (trawled, 400 ft). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a synonym (form) of C. anabathrum Crosse, 1865). perplexus Sowerby II, 1857. Published in Thes. Conch. 3 (Conus), pt. 17: p. 20, no. 157, pl. 14 (200), fig. 324. Lectotype (Emerson & Sage) in NHMUK, (26.8 x 16 mm). Type locality Gulf of California and West Colombia, (Cuming). Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a valid species, although a junior synonym of C. luzonicus Hwass, 1792 and of C. pustulatus Kiener, 1845, C. perplexus should take precedence (nomen protectum) and C. luzonicus Hwass, 1792 and C. pustulatus should be forgotten (nomen oblitum), see Section 1 C (4).

purpuratus (Röding), 1798. Published in Mus. Bolten 2: p. 50, no.644/130, not figured. Holotype representation (Kohn) figure in Martini, 1773, pl. 57 (error for 52), fig. 571, (fig. 43 x 19 mm). Type locality not mentioned. Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, an objective junior synonym of C. affinis Gmelin, 1791, same type, (a synonym of C. circumcisus Born, 1778. zeylanicus Gmelin, 1791. Published in Syst. Nat. 13th ed. 1 (6): p. 3389, no. 41, not figured. Lectotype representative (Kohn) figure in Martini, 1777, pl. 2, fig. 20, (fig. 44 x 23 mm). Type locality not known. Nomenclatural status, an available name. Taxonomic status, a valid species.

INTRODUCTION.

SECTION F TAXONOMIC STATUS.

After 9) add 10) The Cones of the Eastern Pacific have recently been reviewed in considerable detail by Tenorio, Tucker & Chaney in “A Conchological Iconography – The Families Conolithidae and Conidae – The Cones of the Eastern Pacific. Conchbooks 2012. This review is the basis of this author’s conclusions.

DECISIONS BY ICZN AFFECTING CONUS.

Under ICZN PRINCIPLE OF PRIORITY AND STABILITY

4) C. perplexus Sowerby Add final paragraph The same applies to C. luzonicus Hwass, 1792 which is also a senior synonym of C. perplexus Sowerby II, 1857

End of changes.