Fact Check of Governor Palin's Speech
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Pork Barrel” Scandal
Philippines’ Commission on Audit (CoA) Key to Unearthing “Pork Barrel” Scandal October 2016 INTRODUCTION The “pork barrel system” of lump sum grants to members of the Philippines Congress to fund a list of community- based or small-scale infrastructure projects that would be implemented by local public agencies was revived during President Corazon Aquino’s administration. The system operated under a series of programs, most recently through the Priority Development Assistance Fund (PDAF). How did the PDAF work in its most recent form? During congressional budget deliberations, a list of development projects was included in the General Appropriations Act (GAA) as eligible for funding under the PDAF. A lump sum was appropriated for the projects to be implemented by various agencies. Up until 2013, each Senator was allocated PHP 200 million (about US$4.4 million), while each member of the House of Representatives was allocated PHP 70 million (about US$1.5 million). In practice, the implementing agencies (IAs) served as conduits that diverted the funds to several bogus NGOs. The NGOs were offered as fronts for “ghost projects” by a businesswoman in exchange for kickbacks to members of Congress and government officials. This case became known as the pork barrel scam. Two unrelated investigations in 2012, one by the National Bureau of Investigations (NBI) and the other by the Commission of Audit (CoA), shed light on the misuse of PDAF by members of Congress, government officials, and NGOs. The NBI conducted an investigation on the illegal detention of Benhur Luy by his employer, businesswoman Janet Napoles, at the same time that CoA was conducting its own audit of the use of the PDAF resources for the years 2007-2009.1 Approved by the previous CoA chairperson, this audit started in 2010 and took over three years from planning and execution to release of the report. -
Capital Project Summary Department of Transportation and Public Facilities FY2007 Governor Amended Reference No: 41919 4/28/06 2:59:44 PM Page: 1
Gravina Island Bridge FY2007 Request: $91,000,000 Reference No: 41919 AP/AL: Allocation Project Type: Construction Category: Transportation Location: Ketchikan Contact: John MacKinnon House District: Ketchikan Contact Phone: (907)465-6973 Estimated Project Dates: 07/01/2006 - 06/03/2011 Appropriation: Congressional Earmarks Brief Summary and Statement of Need: Improve surface access between Ketchikan and Gravina Island, including the Ketchikan International Airport. This project contributes to the Department's Mission by reducing injuries, fatalities and property damage, by improving the mobility of people and goods and by increasing private investment. Funding: FY2007 FY2008 FY2009 FY2010 FY2011 FY2012 Total Fed Rcpts $91,000,000 $91,000,000 Total: $91,000,000 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $91,000,000 State Match Required One-Time Project Phased - new Phased - underway On-Going 9% = Minimum State Match % Required Amendment Mental Health Bill Operating & Maintenance Costs: Amount Staff Project Development: 0 0 Ongoing Operating: 0 0 One-Time Startup: 0 Totals: 0 0 Additional Information / Prior Funding History: FY2005 - $215,000,000; FY2002 - $20,000,000; FY1999 - $20,200,000. Project Description/Justification: The Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities (DOT&PF), in cooperation with the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), proposes to start the final step toward constructing access from Revillagigedo (Revilla) Island to Gravina Island in Southeast Alaska. It is intended to provide a roadway link from Ketchikan to Gravina Island across the Ralph M. Bartholomew Veterans' Memorial Bridges over two channels of Tongass Narrows. Pennock Island in the Narrows is also now accessible. The proposed Gravina Island Highway begins as the Airport Access Road at the Ketchikan International Airport parking lot on Gravina Island and extends south around the end of the present day runway and up the hill to an intersection with Gravina Island Highway and Lewis Reef Road. -
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EARMARKS and SPENDING on INFRASTRUCTURE a Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School Of
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EARMARKS AND SPENDING ON INFRASTRUCTURE A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of Georgetown University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Public Policy in Public Policy By Megan Caitlin Thompson, B.A. Washington, DC April 15, 2016 Copyright 2016 by Megan Caitlin Thompson All Rights Reserved ii THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EARMARKS AND SPENDING ON INFRASTRUCTURE Megan Caitlin Thompson, B.A. Thesis Advisor: Andrew S. Wise, Ph.D. ABSTRACT The federal budget process is a complex procedure that involves countless rules and processes, millions of work hours on behalf of tens of thousands of staff in the executive and legislative branches and the active participation of the President and Members of Congress. A critical component of the annual federal budget procedure is the Congressional Appropriations process—the process in which Congress uses its power under the Constitution to appropriate federal funds. Up until 2011, a common practice by which Members of the House of Representatives and Congress appropriated funds, particularly for parochial interests, was earmarking. This paper examines whether earmarks had an effect on federally funded projects. Specifically, I will study infrastructure projects and if the lack of earmarks has limited or reduced spending on these projects. I hypothesize that the ban on earmarks reduced infrastructure spending. However contrary to my hypothesis, my analysis reveals that there was actually increased spending on infrastructure projects following the implementation of the ban. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Introduction .................................................................................................................. 1 II. Background and Literature Review ............................................................................. 4 III. Theoretical Framework ........................................................................................... -
A HUNGER for POWER and a THIRST for WEALTH: ESTABLISHING a LINK BETWEEN EARLY POLITICAL CORRUPTION and the PORK BARREL SYSTEM Federick Joe P
J. S. Asian Stud. 01 (03) 2013. 55-61 Available Online at ESci Journals Journal of South Asian Studies ISSN: 2307-4000 (Online), 2308-7846 (Print) http://www.escijournals.net/JSAS A HUNGER FOR POWER AND A THIRST FOR WEALTH: ESTABLISHING A LINK BETWEEN EARLY POLITICAL CORRUPTION AND THE PORK BARREL SYSTEM Federick Joe P. Fajardo* Independent Researcher, Manila, Philippines. A B S T R A C T The NBN-ZTE scandal which involves allegation of corruption about the proposed national broadband project between the government and China’s ZTE Corporation drew too much attention worldwide (“Arroyo suspends telecom deal with Chinese firm”, 2007). During the Senate hearing, we have heard about their use of the term “moderate greed” as a paradox (“NBN-ZTE Executive Summary”, 2009). Moderating the question of how far will you go and how much is too much is an open question that needs self-assessment and agreement in the definition of what excessive and greed is all about. At the present, the Philippine government is facing another issue of corruption through the abuse of the pork barrel system. This paper aims to discuss the issue of political corruption in the Philippine government by giving an overview of the pork barrel system, a political act of appropriating lump-sum budget for local projects which brings money to a representative’s district (Drudge, 2008). The research also aims to cover how it can be a tool for corruption and cite the underlying failures in the roots of early Philippine politics. A famous philosopher, George Santayana, once said, “Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it” (Santayana, 1905). -
The Folly of Wisdom Preacher: Rev
The Folly of Wisdom Preacher: Rev. Jill Olds Date: February 23, 2014 20:29 Let us pray. Holy One, guide our hearts towards compassion, and guide our minds towards understanding. And may the words of my mouth and the meditations of all of our hearts and minds together be acceptable in Your sight, O Lord our Rock and our Redeemer, through Jesus Christ we pray, Amen. In September of 2008, on a tiny strip of land in Alaska known as Gravina Island, workers put down their shovels, and parked their steamrollers for the last time. The road was completed. And this was not just any road. The road now known as Gravina Island Highway was nearly thirty years in the making—research began in the 1980s, the intention being to connect the nearby town of Ketchikan with the airport located on the island, about a mile and a half away, thus eliminating the need for a ferry service that carried some 350,000 people every year. The completed road—3.2 miles long—started at the airport and was destined to be connected to the Gravina Island Bridge. Except, herein lies the rub. If you go visit the road today, you’ll start at the airport and, 3.2 miles later, you’ll wind up in a dead-end cul-de-sac. The bridge, which was to cost a whopping $398 million, was never approved of by Congress, and so the project has been indefinitely shelved. But here’s the real kicker—the powers-that-be in Alaska knew before the road was begun that the bridge would never be constructed. -
Transportation Infrastructure Needs in Alaska
S. HRG. 108–349 TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE NEEDS IN ALASKA FIELD HEARING BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC WORKS UNITED STATES SENATE ONE HUNDRED EIGHTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION ON OVERSIGHT OF THE TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE PROGRAMS IN THE STATE OF ALASKA APRIL 14, 2003—PALMER, ALASKA Printed for the use of the Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works ( U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 92–373 PDF WASHINGTON : 2004 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2250 Mail: Stop SSOP, Washington, DC 20402–0001 COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC WORKS ONE HUNDRED EIGHTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION JAMES M. INHOFE, Oklahoma, Chairman JOHN W. WARNER, Virginia JAMES M. JEFFORDS, Vermont CHRISTOPHER S. BOND, Missouri MAX BAUCUS, Montana GEORGE V. VOINOVICH, Ohio HARRY REID, Nevada MICHAEL D. CRAPO, Idaho BOB GRAHAM, Florida LINCOLN CHAFEE, Rhode Island JOSEPH I. LIEBERMAN, Connecticut JOHN CORNYN, Texaa BARBARA BOXER, California LISA MURKOWSKI, Alaska RON WYDEN, Oregon CRAIG THOMAS, Wyoming THOMAS R. CARPER, Delaware WAYNE ALLARD, Colorado HILLARY RODHAM CLINTON, New York ANDREW WHEELER, Majority Staff Director KEN CONNOLLY, Minority Staff Director (II) CONTENTS Page APRIL 14, 2003—PALMER, ALASKA OPENING STATEMENTS Murkowski, Hon. Lisa, U.S. Senator from the State of Alaska ........................... 1 WITNESSES Anderson, Hon. Tim, Mayor, Matanuska-Susitna Borough, Alaska ................... 20 Angasan, Trefon, Co-Chair, Board of Directors, Alaska Federation of Natives . 10 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 38 Barton, Michael, Commissioner, Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities .................................................................................................... 6 Prepared statement .......................................................................................... 35 Boyles, Hon. -
Redalyc.ASYMMETRICAL TREATMENT and REVENUE
Revista de Economía Aplicada ISSN: 1133-455X [email protected] Universidad de Zaragoza España HIERRO, LUIS ÁNGEL; ATIENZA, PEDRO; GÓMEZ-ÁLVAREZ, ROSARIO ASYMMETRICAL TREATMENT AND REVENUE FROM REGIONAL PROTEST Revista de Economía Aplicada, vol. XXV, núm. 75, 2017, pp. 109-131 Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza, España Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=96954075005 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative E Revista de Economía AplicadaA Número 75 (vol. XXV), 2017, págs. 109 a 131 ASYMMETRICAL TREATMENT AND REVENUE FROM REGIONAL PROTEST LUIS ÁNGEL HIERRO PEDRO ATIENZA ROSARIO GÓMEZ-ÁLVAREZ University of Seville Abstract: This study seeks to empirically determine to what extent continual protest by regionalist parties may generate revenue for their regions. To this end, we perform an econometric estimation using the collaboration agree- ments between Spanish governments and the autonomous communities as the dependent variable (first-level political and administrative divisions, CCAA in their Spanish initials). We test our hypothesis by analogously applying the economic specifications employed in studies of “pork barrel politics”, in- cluding control variables regarding per capita income, regional financing sys- tems, political variables such as support for regional governments from the same political party or the existence of pivot parties. The results support the theoretical conclusions reached by Treisman (1999), namely that non-sov- ereignist regionalism generates revenue while sovereignist nationalism or re- gionalism leads governments to react by applying unfavourable treatment. -
$315 Million Bridge to Nowhere Rep. Don Young (R-AK) Is Trying to Sell
$315 Million Bridge to Nowhere February 9, 2005 Rep. Don Young (R-AK) is trying to sell America’s taxpayers a $315 million “bridge to nowhere” in rural Alaska. As Chairman of the House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee, he is in a very good position to get his way. But Rep. Young should be stopped from using his political clout to force federal taxpayers to pay for a bridge that is ridiculous in its scope, unjustified on its merits, and far too expensive for taxpayers to swallow at a time of record federal deficits. If Rep. Young succeeds, tiny Ketchikan, Alaska, a town with less than 8,000 residents (about 13,000 if the entire county is included) will receive hundreds of millions of federal dollars to build a bridge to Gravina Island (population: 50). This bridge will be nearly as long as the Golden Gate Bridge and taller than the Brooklyn Bridge. The Gravina Bridge would replace a 7-minute ferry ride from Ketchikan to Ketchikan Airport on Gravina Island. Project proponents tell the public that the bridge is a transportation necessity, though the ferry system adequately handles passenger traffic between the islands, including traffic to and from the airport.1 Some herald the project as the savior of Ketchikan because it will open up land on Pennock Island to residential development, despite the fact that Gravina’s population has been shrinking. 1 Alaska Airlines, the only commercial passenger airline that flies to Ketchikan, runs seven daily flight routes in the summer and six in the winter. Two ferries, which run every 15 minutes in the summer and every 30 minutes in the winter, provide transportation to and from the airport. -
Great Fun for All in the Land of Sarah Palin's Joe
Yukon Rumination: Great Fun for All in the Land of Sarah Palin’s Joe Sixpack Alaska Jennifer C. Wolfe BlazeVOX [books] Buffalo, New York Yukon Rumination: Great Fun for All in the Land of Sarah Palin’s Joe Sixpack Alaska by Jennifer C. Wolfe Copyright © 2009 Published by BlazeVOX [ebooks] All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced without the publisher’s written permission, except for brief quotations in reviews. Printed in the United States of America Book design by Geoffrey Gatza First Edition BlazeVOX [books] 14 Tremaine Ave Kenmore, NY 14217 [email protected] publisher of weird little books BlazeVOX [ books ] blazevox.org 2 4 6 8 0 9 7 5 3 1 B X Yukon Rumination: Great Fun for All in the Land of Sarah Palin’s Joe Sixpack Alaska A Collection of Political Poetry Musings Bridge to Nowhere Empty concrete bridge to nowhere: Spanning miles of icy water, Killed at the drawing table, Before you had a chance to blossom: The saddened pipe dream unfulfilled. A filibuster; an economic earmark Paid for by US mainland taxpayers: Who have all of the bridges they could Ever need, or want, or appreciate, (Never mind, if they sometimes fall down). Why begrudge Alaska one bridge? Never mind that it not needed, or wanted, Or even appreciated by Alaskans: Except for those who snatch greedily at Allotted highway dollars. Field Dress a Moose John McCain served time in a hellish Vietnam prison, But can he field dress a moose? George W. Bush made the US Presidency into a laughingstock farce, But can he field dress a moose? Laura Bush puts up with her longsuffering husband, She ought to know how to field dress a moose. -
Congressional Appropriations and Earmarks
Congressional Appropriations and Earmarks An Analysis of the Economic and Political Effects P. Anthony Allen University of Kentucky CONGRESSIONAL APPROPRIATIONS AND EARMARKS 2 Table of Contents i. Abstract……………………………………………………………………………..3 ii. Executive Summary………………………………………………………………..4 iii. Introduction………………………………………………………………………...5 iv. Problem Statement, Deals and Reform…………………………………………...7 v. Review of Literature…………………………………………………………….....9 vi. Research Question and Hypotheses……………………………………………...14 vii. Analysis of Data…………………………………………………………………...16 viii. Research Design…………………………………………………………………...24 ix. Results……………………………………………………………………………...27 x. Discussion………………………………………………………………………….31 xi. Limitations………………………………………………………………………...36 xii. Conclusions………………………………………………………………………..37 xiii. References…………………………………………………………………………39 CONGRESSIONAL APPROPRIATIONS AND EARMARKS 3 Abstract The effects of political characteristics on the Congressional appropriations process have remained a subject of debate in recent years. Congressionally directed spending influenced by these effects are defined as earmarks. To counter the practice of earmarking, Congress implemented multiple reforms and rules to curb the influence of partisan agendas. Total federal appropriations by year and state from 2002 – 2018 were aggregated to test the significance of the economic and political effects. This model utilized a time series fixed effects regression to determine the results that suggest select political characteristics of U.S. Senators remained significant -
Can Social Protection Weaken Clientelism?
Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs Swamy, Arun R. (2016), Can Social Protection Weaken Clientelism? Considering Conditional Cash Transfers as Political Reform in the Philippines, in: Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs, 35, 1, 59–90. URN: http://nbn-resolving.org/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:18-4-9335 ISSN: 1868-4882 (online), ISSN: 1868-1034 (print) The online version of this article can be found at: <www.CurrentSoutheastAsianAffairs.org> Published by GIGA German Institute of Global and Area Studies, Institute of Asian Studies and Hamburg University Press. The Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs is an Open Access publication. It may be read, copied and distributed free of charge according to the conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works 3.0 License. To subscribe to the print edition: <[email protected]> For an e-mail alert please register at: <www.CurrentSoutheastAsianAffairs.org> The Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs is part of the GIGA Journal Family, which also includes Africa Spectrum, Journal of Current Chinese Affairs and Journal of Politics in Latin America: <www.giga-journal-family.org>. Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs 1/2016: 59–90 Can Social Protection Weaken Clientelism? Considering Conditional Cash Transfers as Political Reform in the Philippines Arun R. Swamy Abstract: Since poverty is often believed to be a root cause of clien- telism, government policies to reduce poverty should also help to reduce clientelism. However, scholars studying clientelism are more likely to view social policy as a potential resource for clientelist politicians. This article examines this paradox in the Philippine context by offering a general framework to identify when social welfare policies are likely to reduce clientelism, and by applying this framework to the Philippines, focusing on the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino conditional cash transfer programme, or Pantawid. -
The Role of Judicial Review in the Anti- Corruption Agenda in the Philippines
The Role of Judicial Review in the Anti- Corruption Agenda in the Philippines The Case of the Pork Barrel System Karen Rodrigo Human Rights Global Political Studies – One Year Master 15 credits Spring Semester/2014 Supervisor: Mikael Spång ABSTRACT Judicial review has been under attack for being anti-democratic since a non- representative and unaccountable court interprets and enforces the constitution. Critics of judicial review, particularly the popular constitutionalists, argue that the legitimate interpretation of the constitution can only come from the people, by themselves or through their representatives in the government. This case study investigates the role of judicial review in the anti-corruption agenda of abolishing the Pork Barrel System in the Philippines. The Pork Barrel System refers to collective body of rules and practices that facilitated political corruption by providing pork funds to individual politicians – legislators and the President – and granting them control over said funds in violation of several constitutional principles. The case is unique because it presents a situation wherein resort to the representative or political branches of the government proved to be difficult, if not inutile, and resort to the judiciary through judicial review proved to be an available and adequate means to advance the anti-corruption agenda. Using a qualitative case-based research design with legal analysis, and contextual description as research tools, this study demonstrates how judicial review can be a change agent and a human rights mechanism. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to express my special thanks and appreciation to my supervisor Mikael Spång for being a tremendous mentor. His advices, time, and patience in imparting to me his expertise in human rights and democracy are priceless.