Fortifying Virtue Ethics: Recognizing the Essential Roles of Eudaimonia and Phronesis
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A Virtue Ethic for the Twenty-First Century Warrior: Teaching Natural Law Through the Declaration of Independence and the Gettsyburg Address
Concordia Seminary - Saint Louis Scholarly Resources from Concordia Seminary Doctor of Ministry Major Applied Project Concordia Seminary Scholarship 2-16-2012 A Virtue Ethic for the Twenty-First Century Warrior: Teaching Natural Law Through the Declaration of Independence and the Gettsyburg Address Ryan Rupe Concordia Seminary, St. Louis, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.csl.edu/dmin Part of the Practical Theology Commons Recommended Citation Rupe, Ryan, "A Virtue Ethic for the Twenty-First Century Warrior: Teaching Natural Law Through the Declaration of Independence and the Gettsyburg Address" (2012). Doctor of Ministry Major Applied Project. 139. https://scholar.csl.edu/dmin/139 This Major Applied Project is brought to you for free and open access by the Concordia Seminary Scholarship at Scholarly Resources from Concordia Seminary. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctor of Ministry Major Applied Project by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Resources from Concordia Seminary. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CONCORDIA SEMINARY SAINT LOUIS, MISSOURI A VIRTUE ETHIC FOR THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY WARRIOR: TEACHING NATURAL LAW THROUGH THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE AND THE GETTSYBURG ADDRESS A MAJOR APPLIED PROJECT SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF DOCTOR OF MINISTRY STUDIES IN CANDIDACY FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF MINISTRY BY RYAN R. RUPE SAINT LOUIS, MISSOURI 15 DECEMBER 2011 A VIRTUE ETHIC FOR THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY WARRIOR: TEACHING NATURAL LAW THROUGH THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE AND THE GETTSYBURG ADDRESS RYAN R. RUPE 16 FEBRUARY 2012 Concordia Seminary Saint Louis, Missouri ____________________________________ __________________ Advisor Dr. Arthur Bacon DATE ____________________________________ __________________ Reader DATE ____________________________________ __________________ Director, Doctor of Ministry Program DATE Dr. -
UC San Diego Electronic Theses and Dissertations
UC San Diego UC San Diego Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Justice as Fairness Modified: A Contractarian Coherentist Response to MacIntyre Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/15w7x72f Author Gillis, Robert Charles Publication Date 2017 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Justice as Fairness Modified: A Contractarian Coherentist Response to MacIntyre A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Philosophy by Robert Charles Gillis Committee in charge: Professor Georgios Anagnostopoulos, Chair Professor David Brink Professor Harvey Goldman Professor Gary Jacobson Professor S. Nicholas Jolley 2018 The Dissertation of Robert Charles Gillis is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically: __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ Chair University of California, San Diego 2018 iii DEDICATION I dedicate this to the memory of my parents, Herbert and Paula Gillis, and my Uncle, Charles Englund. Their hard work made it possible for me to study philosophy. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Signature Page …………………………………………………………………………......... iii Dedication …………………………………………………………………………………… iv Table of Contents -
The Problem of Evil in Augustine's Confessions
University of South Florida Scholar Commons Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 2011 The rP oblem of Evil in Augustine's Confessions Edward Matusek University of South Florida, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd Part of the American Studies Commons, and the Philosophy Commons Scholar Commons Citation Matusek, Edward, "The rP oblem of Evil in Augustine's Confessions" (2011). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3733 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Problem of Evil in Augustine’s Confessions by Edward A. Matusek A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Philosophy College of Arts and Sciences University of South Florida Major Professor: Thomas Williams, Ph.D. Roger Ariew, Ph.D. Joanne Waugh, Ph.D. Charles B. Guignon, Ph.D. Date of Approval: November 14, 2011 Keywords: theodicy, privation, metaphysical evil, Manichaeism, Neo-Platonism Copyright © 2011, Edward A. Matusek i TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract iii Chapter One: Introduction to Augustine’s Confessions and the Present Study 1 Purpose and Background of the Study 2 Literary and Historical Considerations of Confessions 4 Relevance of the Study for Various -
The Hymn of Cleanthes Greek Text Translated Into English
UC-NRLF 557 C29 ^ 033 TDt. 3 + 1921 3• MAIN ^ ft (9 -- " EXTS FOR STUDENTS, No. 26 THE YMN OF CLEANTHES GREEK TEXT TRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH WITH BRIEF INTRODUCTION AND NOTES BY E. H. BLAKENEY, M.A. ce 6d. net. HELPS FOR STUDENTS OF HISTORY. 1. EPISCOPAL REGISTERS OF ENGLAND AND WALES. By R. C. Fowler, B.A., F.S.A. 6d. net. 2. MUNICIPAL RECORDS. By F. J. C. Hearnsuaw, M.A. Gd. net. 3. MEDIEVAL RECKONINGS OF TIME. ' By Reginald L. Poole, LL.D., Litt.D. 6d. net. % 4. THE PUBLIC RECORD OFFICE. By Charles Johnson. 6d. net. 5. THE CARE OF DOCUMENTS. By Charles Johnson. 6d.net. 6. THE LOGIC OF HISTORY. By C. G. Cramp. 8d.net. 7. DOCUMENTS IN THE PUBUC RECORD OFFICE, DUBLIN. By B. H. Murray, Litt.D. 8d. net. 8. THE FRENCH WARS OF RELIGION. By Arthur A. TiUey» M.A. 6d. net. By Sir A. W. WARD, Litt.D., F.B.A. 9. THE PERIOD OF CONGRESSES, I. Introductory. 8d.net. 10. THE PERIOD OF CONGRESSES, II. Vienna and the Second Peace of Paris. Is. net. 11. THE PERIOD OF CONGRESSES, IH. Aix-la-ChapeUe to Verona. Is. net. (Nos. 9, 10, and 11 in one volume, cloth, 3s. Gd. net.) 12. SECURITIES OF PEACE. A Retrospect (1848-1914). Paper, 2s. ; cloth, 3s. net. 13. THE FRENCH RENAISSANCE. By Arthur A. TiUey, M.A* 8d. net. 14. HINTS ON THE STUDY OF ENGUSH ECONOMIC HISTORY. By W. Cunningham, D.D., F.B.A., F.S.A. 8d. net. 1 5. PARISH HISTORY AND RECORDS. -
Critical Inquiry As Virtuous Truth-Telling: Implications of Phronesis and Parrhesia ______
______________________________________________________________________________ Critical Inquiry as Virtuous Truth-Telling: Implications of Phronesis and Parrhesia ______________________________________________________________________________ Austin Pickup, Aurora University Abstract This article examines critical inquiry and truth-telling from the perspective of two comple- mentary theoretical frameworks. First, Aristotelian phronesis, or practical wisdom, offers a framework for truth that is oriented toward ethical deliberation while recognizing the contingency of practical application. Second, Foucauldian parrhesia calls for an engaged sense of truth-telling that requires risk from the inquirer while grounding truth in the com- plexity of human discourse. Taken together, phronesis and parrhesia orient inquirers to- ward intentional truth-telling practices that resist simplistic renderings of criticality and overly technical understandings of research. This article argues that truly critical inquiry must spring from the perspectives of phronesis and parrhesia, providing research projects that aim at virtuous truth-telling over technical veracity with the hope of contributing to ethical discourse and social praxis. Keywords: phronesis, praxis, parrhesia, critical inquiry, truth-telling Introduction The theme of this special issue considers the nature of critical inquiry, specifically methodological work that remains committed to explicit goals of social justice and the good. One of the central concerns of this issue is that critical studies have lost much of their meaning due to a proliferation of the term critical in educational scholarship. As noted in the introduction to this issue, much contemporary work in education research that claims to be critical may be so in name only, offering but methodological techniques to engage in critical work; techniques that are incapable of inter- vening in both the epistemological and ontological formations of normative practices in education. -
Willing the Good: Agathon and Prohairesis
The Roman Stoics: Seneca and Epictetus 3 Willing the Good: Agathon and Prohairesis 1. The Good Benefits, and so Does Virtue (1) Aetius (Greek doxographer, c. 100 CE): “The Stoics said that wisdom (σοφία) is scientific knowledge (ἐπιστήµη, epistēmē) of the divine and the human, and that philosophy is the practice of expertise in utility (φιλοσοφίαν ἄσκησιν ἐπιτηδείου τέχνης). Virtue first and foremost is utility, and virtues, at their most generic, are triple: the physical one (φυσικόν), the ethical one (ἠθικόν), and the logical one (λογικόν). Hence philosophy too has three parts: physics, ethics and logic. Physics is practised whenever we investigate the world and what is in it, ethics is our engagement with human life, and logic our engagement with discourse, which they also call dialectic.” (LS 26A, SVF 2.35). (2) Seneca’s point in The Happy Life, ‘true happiness is located in virtue’ (16.1). So, there is a connection between happiness (eudaimonia), virtue, and the good (ἀγαθὸν, agathon). Aristotle’s idea: the good is the end (aim) of all action. The highest good (i.e. the ariston) is self-sufficient (autarkes) and final (teleion), and so the (super-)end of action (tōn praktōn ousa telos; NE I.7 1097b20). So, formally, the good is what is not done for the sake of anything else. (Note there is a range of ‘lower’ goods—the ‘indifferents’. Their value is instrumental; some of these goods are ‘worth choosing’; see below). (3) The highest (and only real) good is virtue; the only bad is vice. The good constitutes a genuine benefit for the individual, it has utility; it is intrinsically valuable (as just hinted: an end in itself); the key to a happy life. -
Applying Virtue Ethics to Business: the Agent-Based Approach
Applying virtue ethics to business: The agent-based approach By: John Dobson It ca be argued that the presence of what are in a slightly old-fashioned terminology called virtues in fact plays a significant role in the operation of the economic system. - Kenneth Arrow Introduction There are two basic approaches to integrating ethics in business: the action-based approach, and the agent-based approach. The traditional approach is action-based in that it focusses on developing rules or guidelines to constrain management's actions. These rules or guidelines generally manifest themselves in corporate codes-of-conduct, or codes-of-ethics. Contrarily, rather than the action-based focus on rules governing action, the agent-based approach concerns the fundamental character and motivations of the individual agent. Under the agent-based approach, moral behavior is not limited to adherence to a rule or guideline but rather involves the individual rationally pursuing moral excellence as a goal in and of itself. In essence, ethics becomes central to the rationality concept as an objective rather than a constraint: "something positively good, ..something to be sought after" (Ladd, 1991, p. 82). Agent-based approaches generally derive their philosophical foundation from virtue-ethics theory. This theory is attracting increasing interest from business ethicists. In essence, the 'virtue' in virtue-ethics is defined as some desirable character trait, such as courage, that lies between two extremes, such as rashness and cowardice. Thus the 'virtuous' agent is involved in a continual quest to find balance in decision-making. Such an agent does not apply any specific 'rules' in making decisions, but rather attempts to make decisions that are consistent with the pursuit of a particular kind of excellence that in turn entails exercising sound moral judgement guided by such 'virtues' as courage, wisdom, temperance, fairness, integrity, and consistency. -
Meditations the Philosophy Classic
MEDITATIONS THE PHILOSOPHY CLASSIC MEDITATIONS THE PHILOSOPHY CLASSIC THE INTERNATIONAL BESTSELLER MARCUS AURELIUS WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY DONALD ROBERTSON MEDITATIONS Also available in the same series: Beyond Good and Evil: The Philosophy Classic by Friedrich Nietzsche (ISBN: 978-0-857-08848-2) On the Origin of Species: The Science Classic by Charles Darwin (ISBN: 978-0-857-08847-5) Tao Te Ching: The Ancient Classic by Lao Tzu (ISBN: 978-0-857-08311-1) The Art of War: The Ancient Classic by Sun Tzu (ISBN: 978-0-857-08009-7) The Game of Life and How to Play It: The Self-Help Classic by Florence Scovel Shinn (ISBN: 978-0-857-08840-6) The Interpretation of Dreams: The Psychology Classic by Sigmund Freud (ISBN: 978-0-857-08844-4) The Prince: The Original Classic by Niccolo Machiavelli (ISBN: 978-0-857-08078-3) The Prophet: The Spirituality Classic by Kahlil Gibran (ISBN: 978-0-857-08855-0) The Republic: The Influential Classic by Plato (ISBN: 978-0-857-08313-5) The Science of Getting Rich: The Original Classic by Wallace Wattles (ISBN: 978-0-857-08008-0) The Wealth of Nations: The Economics Classic by Adam Smith (ISBN: 978-0-857-08077-6) Think and Grow Rich: The Original Classic by Napoleon Hill (ISBN: 978-1-906-46559-9) MEDITATIONS The Philosophy Classic MARCUS AURELIUS With an Introduction by DONALD ROBERTSON This edition first published 2020 Introduction copyright © Donald Robertson, 2020 The material for Meditations is based on The Thoughts of the Emperor M. Aurelius Antoninus, translated by George Long, published by Bell & Daldy, London 1862, and is now in the public domain. -
Bibliography
Comp. by: C. Vijayakumar Stage : Revises1 ChapterID: 0002195881 Date:30/10/ 14 Time:14:12:02 Filepath://ppdys1122/BgPr/OUP_CAP/IN/Process/ 0002195881.3d243 OUP UNCORRECTED PROOF – REVISES, 30/10/2014, SPi Bibliography Accattino, P. (1985). Alessandro di Afrodisia e Aristotele di Mitelene. Elenchos 6, 67–74. Ackrill, J. L. (1962). Critical Notice: Die Aristotelische Syllogistik. By Gün- ther Patzig. Mind, 71, 107–17. Ackrill, J. L. (1963). Aristotle: Categories and De Interpretatione. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Ackrill, J. L. (1997). Essays on Plato and Aristotle. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Adamson, P. (2005). On Knowledge of Particulars. Proceedings of the Aris- totelian Society, 105, 257–78. Adamson, P. (2007a). Knowledge of Universals and Particulars in the Bagh- dad School. Documenti e studi sulla tradizione filosofica medievale, 18, 141–64. Adamson, P. (2007b). Al-Kindī. New York: Oxford University Press. Adamson, P., Baltussen, H., and Stone, M. W. F. (eds). (2004). Philosophy, Science and Exegesis in Greek, Arabic, and Latin Commentaries. London: Institute of Classical Studies, University of London. Adamson, P., and Taylor, R. C. (eds). (2005). The Cambridge Companion to Arabic Philosophy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Algra, K. A., van der Horst, P. W., and Runia, D. T. (eds). (1996). Polyhistor: Studies in the History and Historiography of Ancient Philosophy Presented to Jaap Mansfeld on his Sixtieth Birthday. Leiden: Brill. Allen, J. (2005). The Stoics on the Origin of Language and the Foundations of Etymology. In D. Frede and B. Inwood (eds), Language and Learning: Philosophy of Language in the Hellenistic Age, pp. 14–35. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Allen, R. -
Justice: Giving Everyone Their Due
Page 16 THE STOI C Volume 1, Issue 12 HOW TO BE A STOIC WHEN YOU DON’T KNOW HOW Justice: Giving everyone their due Big idea 6. Be just One of the basic beliefs of Stoicism is that we have a natu- When we deal with others, we need a second skill—justice. ral affection for others. It is natural, normal, and therefore What is justice? It is giving what is due to others, being fair necessary to cultivate concern for others and the world we in your dealings with them, and not taking anything that live in. belongs to them. This is the second “wall” of our Stoic Whatever is rational will not be in conflict with natural affec- house. tion. Stoicism is very clear in saying that a person’s happiness or The two things cannot be in conflict. unhappiness does not come from others. If it is true that Epictetus, Discourses 1.11 (Chuck Chakrapani, Stoic Foun- no one can hurt us no matter what they do, it also follows that we can hurt no one, no matter what we do. So why be dations Ch. 11) just? Why not steal, lie, cheat, or even commit murder for Our relationship to the world personal benefit? When we take what is due to others, we are not acting in Because it will hurt us. accordance with nature. We start believing external things such as injustice to others can Because we are first related to our family, bring us happiness. We create disharmony by then to our friends, then to the society we putting our personal part in conflict with our live in, and to the world, we are also a part of universal part. -
Part 1 What Is Negative Entropy? from World Views
What is Controlling Life? 21 PART 1 WHAT IS NEGATIVE ENTROPY? FROM WORLD VIEWS TO BIOENERGETICS What an organism feeds upon is negative entropy. Or, to put it less paradoxically, the essential thing in metabolism is that the organism succeeds in freeing itself from all the entropy it cannot help producing while alive. Erwin Schrödinger: What is Life? Modern Trends in BioThermoKinetics 3 1994 BTK Ed. E. Gnaiger et al., Innsbruck Univ. Press 22 What is Controlling Life? Erwin Schrödinger around 1902 What is Controlling Life? 23 ERWIN SCHRÖDINGER'S WORLD VIEW. THE ROLE OF PHYSICS AND BIOLOGY IN HIS PHILOSOPHICAL SYSTEM Johann Götschela, Werner Leinfellnera,b Ludwig Boltzmann Institut für Wissenschaftsforschung und Institut für Philosophie der Universität Graz, Mozartgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria; bDepartment of Philosophy, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA PHYSICS, BIOLOGY AND PHILOSPHY Erwin Schrödinger is well-known as one of the greatest figures of theoretical physics. He became famous for his mathematical formulation of atomic dynamics, known as the Schrödinger equation, and its application to atomic structures. In 1933, he received the Nobel Prize in physics (jointly with Paul Dirac). It therefore comes as no surprise that interpreters of Schrödinger's work, dazzled by his genius and the results he obtained in quantum physics, almost forget the other Schrödinger, the biologist and philosopher. In reality, he not only revolutionized the foundations of modern physics but also made significant contributions to biology and the philosophy of science [1]. The paradigm change he initiated has had great consequences for the natural and social sciences, the humanities, and our present world-view in general [1,2]. -
Truth and the Nature of Assertion Author(S): Huw Price Source: Mind, New Series, Vol
Mind Association Truth and the Nature of Assertion Author(s): Huw Price Source: Mind, New Series, Vol. 96, No. 382 (Apr., 1987), pp. 202-220 Published by: Oxford University Press on behalf of the Mind Association Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/2255147 Accessed: 10-06-2020 17:23 UTC JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at https://about.jstor.org/terms Mind Association, Oxford University Press are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Mind This content downloaded from 132.174.255.116 on Wed, 10 Jun 2020 17:23:55 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms Truth and the Nature of Assertion HUW PRICE i. David Wiggins's contribution to the Strawson Festschrift is a paper entitled 'What would be a substantial theory of truth?'.1 Wiggins begins, appropriately, with some remarks about Strawson's views on truth. In particular, he claims to find in Strawson's 1950 article on truth the view that a proper concern of the theory of truth is the task of elucidating the nature of fact-stating, empirically informative, or assertoric, uses of language; and hence of distinguishing these from uses of other sorts (distinguishing assertions from commands, for example).