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Reinventing the Private Sport Sector As a Catalyst for Good in Communities

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Reinventing the Private Sport Sector As a Catalyst for Good in Communities THE STAKES ARE HIGH The Stakes are High: Reinventing the Private Sport Sector as a Catalyst for Good in Communities Marianna Locke A dissertation submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctorate in Philosophy degree in Human Kinetics School of Human Kinetics Faculty of Health Sciences University of Ottawa © Marianna Locke, Ottawa, Canada, 2021 THE STAKES ARE HIGH ii Acknowledgments Throughout the writing of this dissertation, I have received a great deal of support and assistance. I would first like to thank my supervisor, Dr. George Karlis, whose knowledge was invaluable throughout the research process. I am sincerely grateful for the time and energy you dedicated to my holistic development over the last six years. I would also like to acknowledge my committee members, Dr. Benoît Séguin, Dr. François Gravelle, and Dr. Diane Culver for generously offering your time and expertise. In addition, I would like to thank Barat and Patrice. I can’t fully express my deep appreciation for your unyielding support and wise counsel. You were remarkable mentors and friends throughout my dissertation journey. Lastly, thank you to my parents, Mand, and Sinead. You inspire me every day to love, learn, and live with purpose. I am tremendously grateful for you and the many privileges I have been afforded. Now, time to go to work! It’s time to employ the praxis that is so fundamental to this dissertation. THE STAKES ARE HIGH iii Abstract The purpose of this dissertation is to examine the relationship between community wellbeing and the private sport sector. Specifically, the objectives of this dissertation are to: (1) evaluate community resident perceptions of the private sport sector’s impact upon community wellbeing; and (2) examine the relationship between the private sport sector and stakeholder accountability. Stakeholder theory and locality development provided the most relevant theoretical frameworks to assess the relationship between community wellbeing and the private sport sector. Stakeholder theory enabled the consideration of an alternative vehicle for community development through the private sport sector. The methodology used in the study was Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Participants took part in semi-structured interviews to explore their perceptions and lived experiences associated with Lansdowne Park. The results revealed that: (1) individual and community wellbeing is reciprocal and shaped by sport, leisure, and recreation, (2) the private sport sector should be serving as community stewards, and (3) community voices must be heard and reflected in both private and public agendas. The findings of the study suggest that private sport enterprises can positively contribute to community wellbeing by intentionally designing shared spaces that support spontaneous play and showcase natural beauty. Keywords: sport, leisure, and recreation, private sport sector, stakeholder, community wellbeing THE STAKES ARE HIGH iv Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction ...................................................................................................................1 Purpose of Study ...........................................................................................................................8 Definitions .....................................................................................................................................8 Importance of Research ..............................................................................................................11 Chapter 2: Literature Review .......................................................................................................13 Community Wellbeing ................................................................................................................13 Canadian Index of Wellbeing .....................................................................................................15 Reassessing Progress ................................................................................................................18 Community Development ...........................................................................................................21 Theoretical Perspectives and Community Development ............................................................22 Locality Development ...............................................................................................................24 Social Planning .........................................................................................................................26 Social Action .............................................................................................................................28 Sport, Leisure, and Recreation .....................................................................................................30 Psychophysiological Health ......................................................................................................33 Psychological and Psychosocial Benefits .................................................................................35 Social Capital Opportunities through Sport, Leisure, and Recreation ......................................38 Private Sport Sector .....................................................................................................................41 Stakeholder Theory Perspective .................................................................................................42 Rebuilding, Redefining, and Respiriting the Role of the Firm .................................................46 Critiques of Stakeholder Theory ...............................................................................................48 Research Context – Glebe Community and Lansdowne Park .....................................................49 Theoretical Framework………………………………….............................................................51 Stakeholder Theory.....................................................................................................................52 Locality Development .................................................................................................................54 Chapter 3: Methodology ...............................................................................................................57 Qualitative Methodology .............................................................................................................57 THE STAKES ARE HIGH v Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis .....................................................................................58 Participants ..................................................................................................................................61 Data Collection ...........................................................................................................................63 Construction of Interview Guide ................................................................................................64 Data Analysis ..............................................................................................................................65 Evaluative Criteria and Ethical Considerations ..........................................................................67 Chapter 4: Results .........................................................................................................................70 Reciprocal Relationships: Individual and Community Wellbeing .............................................71 Sense of Belonging ...................................................................................................................72 Connection ..............................................................................................................................72 Shared Spaces .........................................................................................................................73 Sport, Leisure, and Recreation ..................................................................................................75 Health Benefits .......................................................................................................................75 Exclusivity .............................................................................................................................76 Accessibility ..........................................................................................................................77 Experiences at Lansdowne ..........................................................................................................78 Perceptions of Redevelopment .................................................................................................78 Lack of Community Input .....................................................................................................79 Betrayal ..................................................................................................................................80 Commercial ...............................................................................................................................82 Anonymous ..........................................................................................................................82 Endorsement .........................................................................................................................83 Not the Promised “Jewel” of the City ..................................................................................85
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