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Indian River County 2020 Comprehensive Plan Chapter 3 Infrastructure Element

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Indian River County 2020 Comprehensive Plan Chapter 3 Infrastructure Element Indian River County 2020 Comprehensive Plan Chapter 30 Natural Groundwater Aquifer Recharge Sub-Element Indian River County Community Development Department Adopted: March 17, 1998 II Comprehensi\'e Plan Natural Groundwater Aquifer Recharge Sub-Element IABLILO.E_CO_NTENTS. fAGE I NTRO..ItU_C.ILO_N 2 NATURAL FEATURES 5 :Lo.p.o~ 5 Atlantic Coastal Sand Ridge 5 Ten Mile Ridge 5 Inter-ridge 5 Upper St. John's River Basin 5 6 Rainfall 6 7 S_oils 7 EX lSII N._G_ _c_o.mU:nONS 8 llitteL.!lsagf 8 SJu:JkialAq_uifcr 9 Hydrology 9 Water Quantity 9 • Public Water Supply Wells 10 • Domestic Self-Supply 10 \Vater Quality 10 • Saltwater Intrusion 11 • Agricultural Contamination 13 • Industrial Contamination 13 Elo.rid.an Aquifer Community DeYclopment Department Indian Rhw County i Comprehensive Plan Natural Groundwater Aquifer Recharge Sub-Element £AGE Hydrology 13 \Vater Quantity 14 • Potential Yield 14 • Public Water Supply Wells IS • Agricultural Irrigation Methods 18 \Vater Quality 18 • Saltwater Intrusion 19 • The Sebastian Freshwater Lens 19 G..OYER.t'Yi'\1ENT INITIATIVES 20 20 S.ta.te._of.El<Uid_a 20 Department of Environmental Protection 20 • Regulations 20 St . .John's River \Vater Management District 21 • Regulations 21 • Water Conservation 21 • Non-regulatory Programs 21 lndian..Ri.Y_e.LC.oJmt}: 22 • Regulations 22 • Non-regulatory Programs 23 ANALYSIS 24 SJu:ficial.Aq_uife.r 24 \Vater Quantity 24 \Vater Quality 25 El<Uid_an Aquifer 25 \Vater Quantity 25 • Natural Groundwater Aquifer Recharge Areas 25 • Estimated Water Dem::md for 2010 26 • South County ROWTP 26 • North County RO\VTP 26 • North Beach ROWTP 26 Community Development Department Indian River Couuty ii Comprehensive Plan ;'llatural Groundwater Aquifer Recharge Sub-Element fAGE \Vater Quality 27 • Saltwater Intrusion 27 • Sebastian Freshwater Lens 27 • Water Treatment 27 28 G_OAL.._OJlJ_E_CTIVES~_f_O_LlCIES 29 fLAN IMfLEMENTATIO_N 33 EYAI.UA110NAL'ffi_i\i_Q_NITO~UNG_fRO_C_ED_u_ru:s 33 Community Development Department Indian lliver County iii Comprehensive Plan Natural Groundwater Aquifer Redtarge Sub-Element LlSLOF IABLE_S_ TABLE fA._GE 3.0.1 Floridan Aquifer Raw Water Quality Parameters 16 3.0.2 Floridan Aquifer Public \Vater Supply Wells 17 3.0.3 Listing of Contaminants Regulated by the Florida 21.1 Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) 3.0.4 Evaluation Matrix 34 3.0.5 Implementation Matrix 36 Community Development Department Indian Rh'cr County iv Comprehensive Plan N~itural Groundwater Aquifer Recharge Sub-Element LISLO.E...EI.G_U.RES. EIGIIRE fA.GE 3.0.1 Stratigraphic Section Through Indian River County 6.1 3.0.2 Generalized Stratigraphic Cross-Section 6.2 3.0.3 General Characteristics of Soils in Indian River County 8.1 3.0.4 Aquifer Recharge Areas in Indian River County 9.1 3.0.5 Potential Yields of Wells Tapping the Surficial Aquifer 10.1 3.0.6 Location of Public Supply Wells 10.2 3.0.7 Extent of Contaminated Area in the City of Vera Beach Public Supply Wetlficld 10.3 3.0.8 Classification of Salinity and Limiting Concentration of Chloride Recommended for Plants, Animals, Public Supply, and Industrial Use 11.1 3.0.9 Cross-Section of Indian River County Showing High Chloride Interface 11.2 3.0.10 Saltwater Intrusion in the Clastic Zone of the Shallow Aquifer 12.1 3.0.11 Saltwater Intrusion in the Rock Unit of the Shallow Aquifer 12.2 3.0.12 Chloride Concentrations in Water from Wells that Tap the Upper Floridan Aquifer 18.1 3.0.13 Chloride Concentration in Water from Wells that Tap the Upper and Lower Floridan Aquifer 18.2 3.0.14 Location of Saltwater Fronts <md Relic Seawater in the Floridan Aquifer 19.1 3.0.15 Geographic Area of the Sebastian Lens 19.2 3.0.16 Generalized Profile and Geologic Formations of the Sebastian Lens 19.3 3.0.17 Chloride Concentrations in the Upper Zone of the Sebastian Lens (1985) 19.4 3.0.18 Chloride Concentrations in the Lower Zone of the Sebastian Lens ( 1985) 20.1 3.0.19 Ground Water Quality in Indian River County 21.5 3.0.20 General Location of the Surficial Aquifer Primary Recharge Overlay District (SAPROO) 23.1 Communil)' Development Department Indian RiYer County 'i ComprehensiYc Plan Natural Groundwater Aquifer Recharge Sub-Element INIRO_D_OCILON Aquifers can generally be defined as underground reservoirs of water. Indian Ri ver County is underlain by two (2) aquifers. These are the surficial "shallow" aquifer and the Floridan "deep" aquifer. Together, they compri se the primary water supply sources for the Count y. As rain falls upon the earth's su rface, the force of gravity causes it to perco late dow nward through porous surface soils to enter the aquifer strata. Because of the variable penneability of different typesofsoils, therateofaquifer recharge from rainfall may vary from one loc ation to another. Soils with the greatest permeability have the highest recharge rates and are called prime recharge areas. The presence of overlying confining layers also determines the location and effectiveness of a particular aquifer recharge area. This sub-element addresses the unique characteristics of each of the aquifers, including: the groundwater that each contains, the recharging of the aquifer, the quality of the water, and the primary consumers of groundwater from each aquifer. Additionally, the document identifies the federal, state, and loca l agencies which regulate the use of the aquifers and their applicable regulations. Because of their function as sources of potable water, aquifers are impor1ant resources. While aquifers provide wa ter necessary to sustain urban development, they are also threatened by that development . Creation of impervious surfaces, such as roads, parki ng lots, and buildings, reduces the area avai lable for rainfall percolation and alters the total rate and volume of recharge in that area. Land use, disposa l of chemical wastes or other pollutants, urban mnof'f, and saltwater intmsion can also affect the quality of groundwater. The quantity of groundwater is influenced by both natural and human causes since excessive withdrawal of water can affect an aquifer, the Natural Groundwater Aquifer Recharge Sub-element is closely related to both the Future Land Use Element and the Conservation Element of the Comprehensive Plan. Another factor affecting the recharge potential of an area is the rate at which storm water drains from a recharge area. Inadequately treated stormwater runoff transports non-point source pollution to groundwater in a manner simi lar to the transport of non-point source poll ution to downstream surface waterbodies. Thus, over time an aquifer may become contaminated from pollutants originating from a recharge area. Since both the surficial and Floridan aquifers are the County's sources of drinking water, the presence of contaminants is of particular significance. Communi!)' DcYelopmenl Department Indian River County Comprehensive Plan NatuJ·aJ Groundwater Aquifer Recharge Sub-Element D.EFIN ITIO_NS Aq_u.i..fu.r - a geological formation having at least one (1) horizontal impervious (con fining) layer which is capable ofyielding a useful amount of water to a well or spring. Aq.ui.fur..R.e_c.harg_e__Ar_c_.a- a specific nrea having soils which will permit the percolation of rainfall and other liquids. Aq_uife_r_S_y._slcm- a heterogeneous body consisting of interspersed penneable and less penneab\e material that acts as a water-yielding hydraulic unit ofregional extent. Arte_s.ian__w_ell- an artificial hole in the ground from which water supplies may be obtained and which penetrates any water-bearing rock, the water in which is raised to the surface by natural flow, or which rises to an elevation above the top of the water-bearing bed. A1lan.lic_.COJlS1aLS__an_d_Ri_dg_e_(_AC.SR) - a prehistoric geologic fonnation located parallel and proximate to U.S. Highway 1 in Indian River County. The sand ridge is characterized as generally having a combination of the following attributes: (I) The substrate is predominately excessively well drained deep sandy soil or associated moderately well drained soils, being one or more of the following: Paola, St. Lucie, Astatula, Archbold, Pomello, Orsino, and/or Jonathan soil series; (2) The land supports predominately sand pine (Pinus clausa) and associated scrub vegetation; and/or (3) The natural topographic elevation is equal to or greater than twenty-five (25) feet mean sea level (MSL). Co.ne_ofl.lcp_r_e_s_sio_n- a depression in the potentiometric surface of a body of ground water that has the shape of an in verted cone and develops around a pumped well. Confining B_e__d- a body of relatively impermeable material stratigraphically adjacent to one or more aquifers. Co.n.s!J_rnp_tiye_Us_e - any use of water which reduces the supply from which it is being withdrawn or diverted. Dis_cllarg_e____Ar_e_a - an area of land beneath which there is a net annual transfer of water from the saturated zone to a surface-water body, the land surface or the root zone. The net discharge is physically manifested by an increase of hydraulic heads with depth (i.e., upward ground-water flow to the water table). These zones may be associated with natural areas of di scharge such as seeps, springs, caves, wetlands, streams, bays, or playas. EYap.o.ra.tio_n - the process by which water is changed from the liquid to the vapor state. EYap_o_t.ran.s_pira_tioo- water withdrawn from a land area by evaporation from water surfaces and moist soil and by transpiration from plants. Community Development Department Indian River County 2 Comprehensive Plan Natural Groundwater Aquifer Recharge Sub-Element Elo.r.idaaAquife_r- a groundwater reservoir comprised of layers of limestone and dolomite of the middle Eocene tlu·ough Oglicene ages, underl ying the Hawthorne Formation of Miocene age. The Floridan Aquifer underlies the entire county at depths ranging from about 250 feet to more than 2, 700 feet below sea level.
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