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Meninges and Dural Folds

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Meninges and Dural Folds Meninges and dural folds P.Ravishankar Senior Lecturer in Anatomy SRM Dental college SRM University Ramapuram Campus,Chennai,INDIA Brain and spinal cord are surrounded by meninges 1. Outer layer-Duramater 2. Middle layer –Arachnoid mater 3. Inner layer-Piamater Meninges covering brain Meninges covering spinal cord • Epidural /extradural space:- space between the dura and the skull • Subdural space:- space between the dura and the arachnoid mater • Subarachnoid space:- space between arachnoid and piamater ,filled with CSF Cerebral duramater 2 layers of Duramater • Endosteal layer • Meningeal layer The Meningeal layer of Dura mater • Falx cerebri • Tentorium cerebelli • Falx cerebelli • Diaphargma sellae Falx cerebri • Sickle shaped,present at median longitudinal fissure between two cerebral hemispheres 2ends- Anterior end – attached to crista galli Posterior end – attached to tentorium cerebelli 2 margins Upper margin- attached to lips of sagittal sulcus Lower margin-free 2 surfaces-right and left surfaces Falx cerebri Dural venous sinuses related to Falx cerebri • Superior sagittal sinus • Inferior sagittal sinus • Straight sinus Dural venous sinuses related to Falx cerebri Superior sagittal sinus enclosed by Falx cerebri Tentorium cerebelli • Tent shaped fold of duramater forming the roof of posterior cranial fossa Attachment:- Free margin- U shaped- attached to anterior clinoid process Attached margin:-Lips of transverse sulcus, posteroinferior angle of parietal bone, superior border of petrous part of temporal bone, posterior clinoid process Tentorium cerebellai Dural folds Dural venous sinus related:- • Superior petrosal sinus • Straight sinus • Transverse sinus Falx cerebelli:- Small sickle shaped ,present at the posterior cerebellar notch, Base:-tentorium cerebelli Apex:-sides of foramen magnum Posterior margin:- Internal occipital crest Anterior margin:- free Dural venous sinus related :- occipital sinus Falx cerebellai Diaphargma sellae:- • Circular , horizontal fold , roofs hypophyseal fossa • Anteriorly attached to tuberculum sellae • Posteriorly attached to Dorsum sellae Blood supply:- • Supratentorial space-Middle meningeal artery • Anterior cranial fossa:-meningeal brs. Of anterior ethmoidal artery, posterior ethmoidal artery, ophthalmic artery • Middle cranial fossa:- Middle meningeal artery, accessory middle meningeal artery, internal carotid artery,meningeal br. Of ascending pharyngeal artery • Poserior cranial cavity:-meningeal br. Of Vertebral ,occipital and ascending pharyngeal artery Nerve supply:- Dura of vault-ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve Dura of floor:- • Anterior cranial cavity-anterior ethmoidal nerve,maxillary nerve • Middle cranial cavity-maxillary nerve and brs. From mandibular nerve • Posterior cranial cavity:- recurrent brs. from C1,C2,C3 and meningeal brs of 9th and 10th cranial nerves Applied anatomy • Pterion is the weakest point of skull any fracture to pterion will tear middle meningeal artery and results in epidural hematoma. ( epidural hematoma is arterial in nature) • Subdural hematoma - bleeding from the veins Subdural and epidural hematoma Headache may be caused by • Dilatation of intracranial arteries • Dilatation of extracranial arteries • Traction or distraction of intracranial pain sensitive structures • Infection and inflammation of intracranial and extracranial structures .
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