DOCSLIB.ORG

A Terek Sandpiper Xenus Cinereus from the Sikkim Himalaya

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Terek Sandpiper Xenus Cinereus from the Sikkim Himalaya Correspondence 63 De Mello, I. F., 1935. New haemoproteids of some Indian birds. Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences. Animal Science 2: 469–475. Ebada, S. S., Lajkiewicz, N., Porco, J. A., Li-Weber, M., & Proksch, P., 2011. Chemistry and biology of rocaglamides (= flavaglines) and related derivatives from aglaia species (Meliaceae). Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products 94: 1–58. Langlais, D., Cencic, R., Moradin, N., Kennedy, J. M., Ayi, K., Brown, L. E., Crandall, I., Tarry, M. J., Schmeing, M., Kain, K. C., & Porco, J. A., 2018. Rocaglates as dual- targeting agents for experimental cerebral malaria. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115 (10): E2366–E2375. Masello, J. F., Martínez, J., Calderón, L., Wink, M., Quillfeldt, P., Sanz, V., Theuerkauf, J., Ortiz-Catedral, L., Berkunsky, I., Brunton, D., & Díaz-Luque, J. A., 2018. Can the intake of antiparasitic secondary metabolites explain the low prevalence of hemoparasites among wild Psittaciformes?. Parasites & Vectors 11 (1): 357. Tostes, R., Vashist, U., Scopel, K. K., Massard, C. L., Daemon, E., & D’Agosto, M., 2015. Plasmodium spp. and Haemoproteus spp. infection in birds of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest detected by microscopy and polymerase chain reaction. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 35 (1): 67–74. Tropical Plants Database. 2020. Aglaia spectabilis. Website URL: http://tropical. theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Aglaia+spectabilis. [Accessed on 13 April 2020.] – Paris Basumatary, Sanswrang Basumatary & Durga Brahma Paris Basumatary, Doctoral student, Department of Zoology, Bodoland University 783370, Assam, India. [Corresponding author] E-mail: [email protected] Sanswrang Basumatary, Doctoral student, Department of Botany, Bodoland University 783370, Assam, India Paris Basumatary Durga Brahma, Biodiversity Conservation Society, Kokrajhar 783370, Assam, India 61. Red-breasted Parakeet seen with pecked bits of bark. The avian haemosporidian group is composed of protozoans A Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereus from the Sikkim of the genera Plasmodium, Haemoproteus, Leucocytozoon, Himalaya and Fallisia, and these parasites have a global distribution and On 20 May 2012, while traveling to Gurudongmar Lake for a commonly infect birds in the wild (de Aguilar et al. 2018). high land bird survey, Karma, along with Niraj Thapa and Pemba Haemosporidian infection by protozoa of the genus Plasmodium Tshering, photographed [62] a Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereus and Haemoproteus has been considered one of the most on the banks of the Gurudongmor Lake, North Sikkim, Eastern important factors related to the extinction, or population decline, Himalaya (28.02ºN, 88.71ºE; 5,425 m asl). Its identification of several species of birds worldwide (Tostes et al. 2015), thus, is straightforward based upon its up-curved bill and pale legs in turn, parasite hosts have evolved anti-parasite behavioural, (Grimmett et al. 2011); Tim Inskipp also confirmed the identity physiological, or immunological defenses, among which, feeding [Tim Inskipp, Facebook comment in May 2012]. Till date there behaviour plays an important role in affecting the susceptibility of have been no reports of this species from the Sikkim Himalayas the birds to parasites (Masello et al. 2018). (Ali 1962; Grimmett et al. 2011; Grimmett et al. 2019; Acharya Members of the Psittaciformes, in the wild, feed on toxic & Vijayan 2011; ENVIS Centre Sikkim 2015; eBird 2020), and fruits, seeds, and flower buds, and possibly use secondary our record seems to be an addition to the avifauna of the metabolites present in their diet as self-medication to reduce Sikkim Himalayas. The bird must have been on passage from its parasite load (Masello et al. 2018). A study on 19 Psittacine wintering grounds on the eastern seaboard of India, along the species (Indo-Malayan, Australasian, and Neotropical regions) Teesta River, to its breeding grounds in the northern Palaearctic. showed that 15 species, which consumed food with antimalarial Vaurie (1972) had reported it, on migration, from Tibet. or general antiparasitic properties, were free from Haemoproteus, We thank the Forest, Environment, and Wildlife Management Plasmodium, Leucocytozoon, Trypanosoma and microfilariae Department for support. A special note of thanks to the members (Masello et al. 2018), which suggest widespread prophylactic of The Photography Club of Sikkim, for their constant guidance antiparasitic self-medication in Psittaciformes. De Mello (1935) and encouragement, and to Niraj Thapa, Pempa Tshering, and reported a total of nine species of Haemoproteus occurring in Kusal Gurung, without whom this would not have been possible. nine genera of Indian birds, but knowledge on parasitic infection in wild Psittaciformes is scarce, especially in north-eastern India. The present feeding behavior of Red-breasted Parakeet, on the bark of Aglaia spectabilis, probably suggests prophylaxis against the haemoparasites. References Collar, N., Kirwan, G. M., & Boesman, P., 2020. Red-breasted Parakeet (Psittacula alexandri). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D. A., & de Juana, E., (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. Karma Tempo Website URL: https://www.hbw.com/node/54575. [Accessed on 03 May 2020]. de Aguilar, J. R., Castillo, F., Moreno, A., Penafiel, N., Browne, L., Walter, S. T., Karubian, J., & Bonaccorso, E., 2018. Patterns of avian haemosporidian infections vary with time, but not habitat, in a fragmented Neotropical landscape. PloS one 13 (10): 1–18. 62. Terek Sandpiper at Gurudongmar Lake. 64 Indian Birds VOL. 16 NO. 2 (PUBL. 30 JULY 2020) References Grimmett, R., Inskipp, C., Inskipp, T., & Sherub. 2019. Birds of Bhutan and the Eastern Acharya, B. K., & Vijayan, L., 2011. The birds of Sikkim: An analysis of elevational Himalayas. India: Bloomsbury Publishing India Pvt. Ltd. Pp. 1–416. distribution, endemism and threats. In: Arawatia, M. L., & Tambe, S., (eds.). ENVIS Centre Sikkim., 2015. Total no. / names of birds in Sikkim (568 species). Website Biodiversity of Sikkim: Exploring and conserving a global hotspot. Gangtok, India: URL: http://sikenvis.nic.in/WriteReadData/UserFiles/file/List%20of%20Birds%20 IPR Department, Government of Sikkim. Pp. 255–282. 2015.pdf. [Accessed on 25March2020.] Ali, S., 1962. The birds of Sikkim. 1st ed. Madras, India: Oxford University Press. Pp. Vaurie, C., 1972. Tibet and its birds. 1st ed. London: H.F. & G. Witherby Ltd. Pp. i–xv, i–xxx, 1–414. 1–407. eBird. 2020. eBird: An online database of bird distribution and abundance [web – Prem K. Chhetri & Karma Tempo Ethenpa application]. eBird, Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, New York. Website URL: Prem K. Chhetri, Forest & Environment Department, Government of Sikkim, http://www.ebird.org. [Accessed on 25 March 2020.] Barapathing Range 737102, Sikkim, India. E-mail: [email protected]. Grimmett, R., Inskipp, C., & Inskipp, T., 2011. Birds of the Indian Subcontinent. 2nd ed. Karma Tempo Ethenpa, (PGT English) Enchey Government Senior Secondary School, London: Oxford University Press & Christopher Helm. Pp. 1–528. Gangtok 737103, East Sikkim, Sikkim, India. Postcard from Sri Lanka—birding during a pandemic s I sit in the balcony of our colonial-style bungalow in Sri especially the endemics-rich central highlands, I manage to get Lanka, the COVID-19 pandemic rages across the globe. some decent birding done every day from my easy chair in the AApart from its unspeakable death toll, the misery caused balcony. to local people by the widespread lockdowns is depressing. Yet, I was initially struck by the similarity of Sri Lanka’s birds with I count my blessings. Here I am in a comfortable house at the their counterparts in southern India. After all, about 10,000 end of a winding wooded lane, perched atop a cliff overlooking years ago, Sri Lanka was contiguous with southern India. Rising the clear blue Indian Ocean. I have a stocked pantry, Internet sea levels at the end of the last Ice Age isolated and made it access, and above all, I am surrounded by abundant birdlife. an island. The birdlife here, in southern Sri Lanka, is similar to What more can I ask for, given the dreary circumstances? that of the plains of Tamil Nadu, but some birds are noticeably I came to Matara, Sri Lanka, in early February 2020, as a darker. House Crows Corvus splendens have less contrast U.S. Fulbright Scholar to the University of Ruhuna. My mission between the grey neck and darker body; White-bellied Drongos was to teach the science of climate change to students and lay Dicrurus caerulescens are just white-vented; the coffee brown audiences, to promote birding as a way to connect with nature, colour of Red-vented Bulbul Pycnonotus cafer appears like a and highlight career and higher education opportunities at my darker roast; and Yellow-billed Babblers Turdoides affinis seem home institution, the University of Arkansas-Fort Smith. After to have a dirtier head. Some birds sound a little different too. seven weeks of bliss, our world was turned upside down by the White-browed bulbuls Pycnonotus luteolus have less explosive pandemic. For the first time in its storied 70-year history, the whistles. Fulbright Program got suspended worldwide. We were strongly From our 37 m high balcony, I have a commanding urged to return home for fear of us getting stuck abroad without view of a verdant coconut and jackfruit tree-filled valley, and return flights. But given the deteriorating health situation in the beyond that, the clear blue Indian Ocean. On both sides of the USA and the relatively stable situation in Sri Lanka, my wife balcony are towering trees whose canopies are at eye-level. and I decided to stay put. Months into the lockdowns here, and Every morning these days, I am treated with spectacular aerial across the globe, and with air travel suspended, a clear end to displays of the ubiquitous Green Imperial Pigeons Ducula the pandemic is nowhere in sight. We are voluntarily stuck in aenea. Occasionally, while they are at it, they even clap their Sri Lanka. wings audibly, above their bodies, apparently in an attempt to I have always told students in my ornithology classes gain their partner’s attention.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Migratory Shorebirds Management Plan
    Report GLNG Curtis Island Marine Facilities Migratory Shorebirds Environmental Management Plan 17 MARCH 2011 Prepared for GLNG Operations Pty Ltd Level 22 Santos Place 32 Turbot Street Brisbane Qld 4000 42626727 Project Manager: URS Australia Pty Ltd Level 16, 240 Queen Street Angus McLeod Brisbane, QLD 4000 Senior Ecologist GPO Box 302, QLD 4001 Australia T: 61 7 3243 2111 Principal-In-Charge: F: 61 7 3243 2199 Chris Pigott Senior Principal Author: Angus McLeod Senior Ecologist Reviewer: Date: 17 March 2011 Reference: 42626727/01/03 Status: Final Chris Pratt Principal Environmental Scientist j:\jobs\42626727\5 works\draft emp\for tina 17.3.11\3310-glng-3-3 3-0065_shorebirds_final_17 03 2011.doc Table of Contents Abbreviations............................................................................................................iii Executive Summary..................................................................................................iv 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................1 1.1 Project Background .........................................................................................1 1.2 Purpose of the Migratory Shorebirds Environment Management Plan ...................................................................................................................1 1.3 Aims and Objectives ........................................................................................3 1.4 Study Area ........................................................................................................3
    [Show full text]
  • Purple Sandpiper
    Maine 2015 Wildlife Action Plan Revision Report Date: January 13, 2016 Calidris maritima (Purple Sandpiper) Priority 1 Species of Greatest Conservation Need (SGCN) Class: Aves (Birds) Order: Charadriiformes (Plovers, Sandpipers, And Allies) Family: Scolopacidae (Curlews, Dowitchers, Godwits, Knots, Phalaropes, Sandpipers, Snipe, Yellowlegs, And Woodcock) General comments: Recent surveys suggest population undergoing steep population decline within 10 years. IFW surveys conducted in 2014 suggest population declined by 49% since 2004 (IFW unpublished data). Maine has high responsibility for wintering population, regional surveys suggest Maine may support over 1/3 of the Western Atlantic wintering population. USFWS Region 5 and Canadian Maritimes winter at least 90% of the Western Atlantic population. Species Conservation Range Maps for Purple Sandpiper: Town Map: Calidris maritima_Towns.pdf Subwatershed Map: Calidris maritima_HUC12.pdf SGCN Priority Ranking - Designation Criteria: Risk of Extirpation: NA State Special Concern or NMFS Species of Concern: NA Recent Significant Declines: Purple Sandpiper is currently undergoing steep population declines, which has already led to, or if unchecked is likely to lead to, local extinction and/or range contraction. Notes: Recent surveys suggest population undergoing steep population decline within 10 years. IFW surveys conducted in 2014 suggest population declined by 49% since 2004 (IFW unpublished data). Maine has high responsibility for wintering populat Regional Endemic: Calidris maritima's global geographic range is at least 90% contained within the area defined by USFWS Region 5, the Canadian Maritime Provinces, and southeastern Quebec (south of the St. Lawrence River). Notes: Recent surveys suggest population undergoing steep population decline within 10 years. IFW surveys conducted in 2014 suggest population declined by 49% since 2004 (IFW unpublished data).
    [Show full text]
  • List of Shorebird Profiles
    List of Shorebird Profiles Pacific Central Atlantic Species Page Flyway Flyway Flyway American Oystercatcher (Haematopus palliatus) •513 American Avocet (Recurvirostra americana) •••499 Black-bellied Plover (Pluvialis squatarola) •488 Black-necked Stilt (Himantopus mexicanus) •••501 Black Oystercatcher (Haematopus bachmani)•490 Buff-breasted Sandpiper (Tryngites subruficollis) •511 Dowitcher (Limnodromus spp.)•••485 Dunlin (Calidris alpina)•••483 Hudsonian Godwit (Limosa haemestica)••475 Killdeer (Charadrius vociferus)•••492 Long-billed Curlew (Numenius americanus) ••503 Marbled Godwit (Limosa fedoa)••505 Pacific Golden-Plover (Pluvialis fulva) •497 Red Knot (Calidris canutus rufa)••473 Ruddy Turnstone (Arenaria interpres)•••479 Sanderling (Calidris alba)•••477 Snowy Plover (Charadrius alexandrinus)••494 Spotted Sandpiper (Actitis macularia)•••507 Upland Sandpiper (Bartramia longicauda)•509 Western Sandpiper (Calidris mauri) •••481 Wilson’s Phalarope (Phalaropus tricolor) ••515 All illustrations in these profiles are copyrighted © George C. West, and used with permission. To view his work go to http://www.birchwoodstudio.com. S H O R E B I R D S M 472 I Explore the World with Shorebirds! S A T R ER G S RO CHOOLS P Red Knot (Calidris canutus) Description The Red Knot is a chunky, medium sized shorebird that measures about 10 inches from bill to tail. When in its breeding plumage, the edges of its head and the underside of its neck and belly are orangish. The bird’s upper body is streaked a dark brown. It has a brownish gray tail and yellow green legs and feet. In the winter, the Red Knot carries a plain, grayish plumage that has very few distinctive features. Call Its call is a low, two-note whistle that sometimes includes a churring “knot” sound that is what inspired its name.
    [Show full text]
  • Ageing and Sexing the Common Sandpiper Actitis Hypoleucos
    ageing & sexing series Wader Study 122(1): 54 –59. 10.18194/ws.00009 This series summarizing current knowledge on ageing and sexing waders is co-ordinated by Włodzimier Meissner (Avian Ecophysiology Unit, Department of Vertebrate Ecology & Zoology, University of Gdansk, ul. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland, [email protected]). See Wader Study Group Bulletin vol. 113 p. 28 for the Introduction to the series. Part 11: Ageing and sexing the Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos Włodzimierz Meissner 1, Philip K. Holland 2 & Tomasz Cofta 3 1Avian Ecophysiology Unit, Department of Vertebrate Ecology & Zoology, University of Gdańsk, ul.Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland. [email protected] 232 Southlands, East Grinstead, RH19 4BZ, UK. [email protected] 3Hoene 5A/5, 80-041 Gdańsk, Poland. [email protected] Meissner, W., P.K. Holland & T. Coa. 2015. Ageing and sexing series 11: Ageing and sexing the Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos . Wader Study 122(1): 54 –59. Keywords: Common Sandpiper, Actitis hypoleucos , ageing, sexing, moult, plumages The Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos is treated as were validated using about 500 photographs available on monotypic through a breeding range that extends from the Internet and about 50 from WRG KULING ringing Ireland eastwards to Japan. Its main non-breeding area is sites in northern Poland. also vast, reaching from the Canary Islands to Australia with a few also in the British Isles, France, Spain, Portugal MOULT SCHEDULE and the Mediterranean (Cramp & Simmons 1983, del Juveniles and adults leave the breeding grounds as soon Hoyo et al. 1996, Glutz von Blotzheim et al.
    [Show full text]
  • First Record of the Terek Sandpiper in California
    FIRST RECORD OF THE TEREK SANDPIPER IN CALIFORNIA ERIKA M. WILSON, 1400 S. BartonSt. #421, Arlington,Virginia 22204 BETTIE R. HARRIMAN, 5188 BittersweetLane, Oshkosh,Wisconsin 54901 On 28 August 1988, while birding at Carmel River State Beach, MontereyCounty, California(36032 ' N, 121057' W), we discoveredan adult Terek Sandpiper (Xenus cinereus). We watched this Eurasian vagrantbetween 1110 and 1135 PDT; we saw it again,along with local birders, between 1215 and 1240 as it foraged on the open beach. Wilson observedthe bird a third time on 5 September 1988 between 1000 and 1130; otherssaw it regularlyuntil 23 September1988. During our first observationa light overcastsky resultedin good viewingconditions, without glare or strongshadows. The weather was mild with a slightbreeze and some offshorefog. We found the Terek Sandpiperfeeding in the Carmel River'sshallow lagoon, separated from the Pacific Ocean by sand dunes. Its long, upturnedbill, quite out of keepingwith any smallwader with whichwe were familiar,immediately attracted our attention. We moved closer and tried unsuccessfullyto photographit. Shortlythereafter all the birdspresent took to the air. The sandpiperflew out over the dunesbut curvedback and landedout of sighton the open beach. We telephonedRobin Roberson,and half an hour later she, Brian Weed, Jan Scott, Bob Tinfie, and Ron Branson arrived,the lattertwo armedwith telephotolenses. We quicklyrelocated the TerekSandpiper on the beach,foraging at the surfline. The followingdescription is basedon our field notes,with color names takenfrom Smithe(197.5). Our bird was a medium-sizedsandpiper resemblinga winter-plumagedSpotted Sandpiper (Actitis rnacularia)but distinguishedby bright yellow-orangelegs and an upturnedbill (Figure1). The evenlycurved, dark horn bill, 1.5 timesthe lengthof the bird'shead, had a fleshyorange base.
    [Show full text]
  • Hatching Dates for Common Sandpiper <I>Actitis Hypoleucos</I
    Hatching dates for Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos chicks - variation with place and time T.W. Dougall, P.K. Holland& D.W. Yalden Dougall,T.W., Holland,P.K. & Yalden, D.W. 1995. Hatchingdates for CommonSandpiper Actitishypoleucos chicks - variationwith place and time. WaderStudy Group Bull. 76: 53-55. CommonSandpiper chicks hatched in 1990-94between 24 May (year-day146) and 13 July (year-day196), butthe averagehatch-date was variablebetween years, up to 10 days earlier in 1990 than in 1991. There are indicationsthat on average CommonSandpipers hatch a few days earlierin the Borders,the more northerlysite, butthis may reflecta changein the age structureof the Peak Districtpopulation between the 1970sand the 1980s- 1990s,perhaps the indirectconsequence of the bad weatherof April 1981. Dougall,T. W., 29 LaudstonGardens, Edinburgh EH3 9HJ, UK. Holland,P. K., 2 Rennie Court,Brettargh Drive, LancasterLA 1 5BN, UK. Yalden,D. W., Schoolof BiologicalSciences, University, Manchester M13 9PT, UK. INTRODUCTION Yalden(1991a) in calculatingthe originalregression, and comingfrom the years 1977-1989 (mostlythe 1980s). CommonSandpipers Actitis hypoleucos have a short We also have, for comparison,the knownhatch dates for breedingseason, like mostwaders; arriving back from 49 nestsreported by Hollandet al. (1982), comingfrom West Africa in late April, most have laid eggs by mid-May, various sites in the Peak District in the 1970s. which hatch around mid-June. Chicksfledge by early July, and by mid-Julymost breedingterritories are Ringingactivities continue through the breedingseason at deserted(Holland et al. 1982). The timingof the breeding both sites, and chickscan be at any age from 0 to 19 days season seems constantfrom year to year, but there are old when caught (thoughyoung chicks are generally few data to quantifythis impression.It is difficultto locate easier to find).
    [Show full text]
  • Terek Sandpiper (<I>Xenus Cinereis</I>): a First for Mexico
    TerekSandpiper (Xenus cin s). a first for Mexico Daniel6alindo precipitationaveraging 200 mm (Garcia edge.The wingtipsextended backward 1964). to just reachthe tip of the tail. The un- CentroInterdisciplinario deCiencias Marinas On ll April 2002, Galindo locateda derpartswere white and unmarked.The TerekSandpiper (Xenus cinereus; Figure 1) legswere extremely bright yellowish-or- Av.Instituto Polit•cnico Nacional s/n at Chametla-El Centenario. This bird was ange.The lengthof the legs relativeto LaPaz, Baja California Sur23096 Mexico seenagain during late May 2002 Presum- the bird was shorter than that seen in ably the samebird wasrelocated there on most Tringaand approximatedthe pro- (email:[email protected]) 21 August 2002 and wasseen eleven more portionsof a SpottedSandpiper [Actitis times before it was last recorded 10 Febru- macularius]. The bill was long and ary 2003.The TerekSandpiper fed mostly curved upward. Its length was 1.5 to Steven(•. Mlodinow in the intertidalzone, usuallyin mixed 1.75 times that of the head. The bill was flocks of Semipalmated Plovers largelyblackish, excepting a smallarea 4819Gardner Avenue (Charadriussemipalmatus) and Western of brightorange at the base.Brief flight Sandpipers(Calidris mauri). On four occa- views revealeda thick white trailing Everett,Washington 98203 sions, it was observed roosting at the edgeto the secondariesthat extendedas supralittoralzone, amonga flock of Semi- a narrower whitish area onto the inner- (email:[email protected]) palmated Plovers. Throughout its stay,it mostseveral primaries. The rump and appearedto be in goodhealth, feeding and uppertailcoverts were gray, The rectrices flyingwithout apparent problems. were gray with whitish barringon the RobertoCarmona The followingis a descriptionof the En- outer portionof the outer web of each senadade La PazTerek Sandpiper based on rectrix(which provided a whitishouter LuisSauma fieldnotes and videotapeby SGMfrom 29 border to the tail as a whole).
    [Show full text]
  • International Single Species Action Plan for the Conservation of the Spoon-Billed Sandpiper (Eurynorhynchus Pygmeus)
    CMS Technical Report Series No. 23 International Single Species Action Plan for the Conservation of the Spoon-billed Sandpiper (Eurynorhynchus pygmeus) Authors: Christoph Zöckler (ArcCona Ecological Consulting), Evgeny E. Syroechkovskiy Jr.(Russian Bird Conservation Union & Russian Academy of Sciences) , Gillian Bunting (ArcCona Ecological Consulting) Published by BirdLife International and the Secretariat of the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS) Citation: C. Zöckler, E.E. Syroechkovskiy, Jr. and G. Bunting. International Single Species Action Plan for the Conservation of the Spoon-billed Sandpiper (Eurynorhynchus pygmeus) 2010 BirdLife International Asia Division, Tokyo, Japan; CMS Secretariat, Bonn, Germany.52pages. Technical Report Series 23 © 2010 BirdLife International and CMS. This publication, except the cover photograph, may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational and other non-profit purposes without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. BirdLife International and CMS would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this publication as a source. No use of this publication may be made for resale or for any other commercial purposes whatsoever without prior permission from the copyright holders. Disclaimer The contents of this volume do not necessary reflect the views of BirdLife International and CMS. The designations employed and the presentation do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of BirdLife International or CMS concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area in its authority, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Copies of this publication are available from the following websites BirdLife International: www.birdlife.org BirdLife International Asia Division: www.birdlife-asia.org/eng/about/index.html CMS Secretariat: www.cms.int BirdLife International, Wellbrook Court, Girton Road, Cambridge CB3 0NA, United Kingdom.
    [Show full text]
  • Calidris Himantopus (Stilt Sandpiper)
    UWI The Online Guide to the Animals of Trinidad and Tobago Behaviour Calidris himantopus (Stilt sandpiper) Family: Scolopacidae (Sandpipers) Order: Charadriiformes (Shorebirds and Waders) Class: Aves (Birds) Fig 1. Stilt sandpiper, Calidris himantopus http://www.arkive.org/stilt-sandpiper/calidris-himantopus/image-G86449.html TRAITS. Stilt sandpipers on average are 20.3 – 23 cm in length, weigh 55g and have a life expectancy of about 11 years. In general, the males are more slender than females and have a long neck with a thin, black decurved bill that droops at the tip and long, dull green legs (Hilty, 2002). Female stilt sandpipers are slightly larger than their male counterparts and possess a brown ventral barring (Fig. 1) (Jehl Jr 1973). The non-breeding plumage of these birds consists of the upper body part being mostly plain grey with a white patch on its rump while the lower part of the body is white. In addition, the fore neck and sides of the chest are smudged grey (Hilty, 2002). The breeding plumage differs from the non-breeding plumage. The upper body turns a greyish brown while the lower body turns a dirty white. Additionally, the crown and UWI The Online Guide to the Animals of Trinidad and Tobago Behaviour cheeks are reddish brown, there is the presence of a narrow white eyebrow stripe and the under parts of the body are black in colour (Hilty, 2002). Juveniles have an upper body that is scaled buff with the fore neck and sides of the chest containing fine grey streaks (Hilty, 2002). ECOLOGY.
    [Show full text]
  • Australian Shorebirds Identification Sheet Department of the Environment Small Plovers and Turnstone and Water Resources No.1
    Australian Government Australian Shorebirds Identification Sheet Department of the Environment Small Plovers and Turnstone and Water Resources No.1 ORIENTAL PLOVER 25cm. M sparsely vegetated plains of arid large heavy bill inland and coastal mudflats and beaches of northern Australia adult breeding narrow bill adult male breeding adult adult non-breeding non-breeding long legs LARGE SAND PLOVER adult breeding 21cm. M coastal mudflats and bill short sandy intertidal zones and stout darker mask DOUBLE-BANDED PLOVER 19cm. M MONGOLIAN PLOVER 19cm. M coastal mudflats and adult breeding sandy intertidal zones RED-CAPPED PLOVER 15cm. R adult non-breeding rufous cap bill short and narrow winter visitor returning to New Zealand for summer adult non-breeding adult female coastal mudflats and sandy intertidal bare mudflats distinctive black markings zones, also open bare margins of inland and margins adult male on face and breastband of inland and freshwater and saline marsh, south-east coastal saline Australia wetlands BLACK-FRONTED DOTTEREL 17cm. R RED-KNEED DOTTEREL pairs or small family groups on dry margins of 18cm. R feshwater wetlands large or small feeds in shallow margins of inland short rear end freshwater wetlands including temporary shallows after rain black breast band and head, chestnut flanks, long legs with distinctive white throat pink upper half RUDDY TURNSTONE 23cm. M distinctive black hood and white wedge shaped bill collar uses stout bill to flip stones, shells, seaweed and drift- 21cm. R HOODED PLOVER wood on sandy or cobble sandy ocean beaches of beaches, rock platform or southern Australia, open short pink legs reef of coastal Australia edges of saltlakes in south-west Australia M = migratory .
    [Show full text]
  • Spotted Sandpiper (Actitis Macularia) Nancy Seefelt
    Spotted Sandpiper (Actitis macularia) Nancy Seefelt Oakland Co., MI 7/12/2009 © Darlene Friedman (Click to view a comparison of Atlas I to II) If you see a medium-sized sandpiper teetering concentration of birds in the UP and SLP. Spotted Sandpipers were least common in the back and forth as it runs along the shoreline, it is NLP during MBBA I (Chu 1991). This same the Spotted Sandpiper or “spotty”. Flying low general pattern is evident in the MBBA II data; over water using shallow, rapid, stiff wing beats however, Spotted Sandpiper numbers appear to interspersed with short glides is also be declining in Michigan. By block or characteristic of this species (Oring et al. 1997). township, the number of confirmed breeding The Spotted Sandpiper has the largest breeding pairs has dropped in all three regions, with the range of all North American sandpipers. The steepest decline in the NLP. Statewide, less range stretches from Newfoundland and than 11% of the blocks reported Spotted Labrador in the east to the tree-line of northwest Sandpipers in MBBA II, compared to almost Alaska, and then south to Virginia in the east 14% in MBBA I. In terms of townships, about and to California in the west. Occasionally, 30% documented this species during the MBBA some birds will breed in the northern portions of II period, compared to over 38% in MBBA I. the Gulf States (Oring et al. 1997). Although This decline is evident even though more blocks some Spotted Sandpipers remain in northern and townships were surveyed for MBBA II.
    [Show full text]
  • Supplementary Material
    Xenus cinereus (Terek Sandpiper) European Red List of Birds Supplementary Material The European Union (EU27) Red List assessments were based principally on the official data reported by EU Member States to the European Commission under Article 12 of the Birds Directive in 2013-14. For the European Red List assessments, similar data were sourced from BirdLife Partners and other collaborating experts in other European countries and territories. For more information, see BirdLife International (2015). Contents Reported national population sizes and trends p. 2 Trend maps of reported national population data p. 3 Sources of reported national population data p. 5 Species factsheet bibliography p. 6 Recommended citation BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities. Further information http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/info/euroredlist http://www.birdlife.org/europe-and-central-asia/european-red-list-birds-0 http://www.iucnredlist.org/initiatives/europe http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/conservation/species/redlist/ Data requests and feedback To request access to these data in electronic format, provide new information, correct any errors or provide feedback, please email [email protected]. THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Xenus cinereus (Terek Sandpiper) Table 1. Reported national breeding population size and trends in Europe1. Country (or Population estimate Short-term population trend4
    [Show full text]