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Bengali: নি重যািন্দ Nityānanda

Hindi: नि配यािंद Nityānanda

Tamil: நித்யானந்த Nityāṉanta

Kannada ꂿ郍ಯಾನಂದ Nityānanda

Nityānanda نتیانند :Urdu http://uh.learnpunjabi.org/default.aspx Nityananda

For other uses, see Nityananda (disambiguation). () were apparent from a very early age. In his youth, he would generally play the part of Lakshman, Pancha deities installed on a Vaishnava altar. ’s younger brother, in dramatic re-enactments of From left to right (click on feet to go to article): Advaita Lord Rama's pastimes, along with the other boys of , Nityananda, Chaitanya, , . Srivasa. At the age of thirteen, Nityananda left home with a travel- ling renunciate (sannyasi) known as Lakshmipati . Nityananda (Bengali: শর্ িনত뷍ানꇍ, b 1474 CE), was Nityananda’s father, Hadai Pandit, had offered the trav- a Vaishnava saint, famous as a primary religious figure elling sannyasi anything he wished as a gift. To this Lak- within the Gaudiya Vaishnava tradition of , is an shmipati Tirtha replied that he was in need of some- expansion of .[1] Nityananda was Chaitanya Ma- one to assist him in his travels to the holy places (he haprabhu's friend and disciple. They are often men- was about to begin a pilgrimage) and that Nityananda tioned together as Gaura- (Gaura, “golden one”, re- would be perfect for the job. As he had given his word ferring to Chaitanya, Nitai being a shortened form of Hadai Pandit reluctantly agreed and Nityananda joined Nityananda) or Nimai-Nitai (Nimai being another name him in his travels. This started Nityananda’s long phys- of Chaitanya).[2] Followers often refer to Nityananda ical and spiritual journey through which would get as 'Sri Nityananda', ' Nityananda' or 'Nityananda him in contact with important of the Vaishnava Rama'. tradition. Apart from Lakshmipati Tirtha, who at some According to Gaudiya-Vaishnava tradition Nityananda is point initiated him, he was also associated with - an incarnation of Balarama, with pati Tirtha’s famous other disciples: Madhavendra , being his eternal brother and friend, .[3] He is con- , and Puri, the spiritual master of Chaitanya Mahaprabhu. sidered the 'most merciful' incarnation of the Supreme Personality of Godhead [4] (a term popularized by A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami). 1.1 Jagai-Madhai episode

1 Life

Gaura Nitai shrine at ISKCON , Sri Chaitanya and Nityananda, is shown performing a ''( devotional song ) in the streets of , Bengal. The episode of Jagai-Madhai relates to Chaitanya and Nityananda. There are a few versions of the story, but Nityananda Prabhu was born to a religious Maithil Brah- the basics outline of the traditional tale is as follows: min, known as Pandit Hadai Ojha and Padmavati[5] in Ekachakra[6] (a small village in of Once while chanting the name of Krishna in the present ) around the year 1474. His de- streets, Nityananda was attacked by Jagai and votion and great talent for singing Vaishnava hymns Madhai, two irreverent drunk brothers. Mad-

1 2 6 EXTERNAL LINKS

hai threw an earthen pot which cut his fore- • Bhavonmatta -- He Who is maddened in over- head. At this point Nityananda is said to have whelming ecstatic emotions uttered the now famous sentence, “Merechhish • kolshir kana, tai bole ki prem debona” (Shall Jagat-trata -- The savior of the universe I stop giving you love because you have hit • Rakta-gaura-kalevara - He Whose complexion is me with an earthen pot?). Chaitanya heard golden tinged with red of the episode, flew to a rage, and wanted to kill the brothers with his divine Chakra. from the writings of Sarvabhauma Bhattacharya. Nityananda begged him to pardon them and they became Chaitanya’s disciples, converted by Nityananda’s compassion. 4 See also

1.2 Marriage and descendants • Chaitanya Mahaprabhu • Nityananda married two daughters of Suryadasa Gaudiya Vaishnava Sarakhela, Vasudha and Jahnava. After marriage, he • settled in Khardaha. He had a son, Virachandra or Virabhadra, and a daughter, , by his first wife • Pancha Tattva () Vasudha. Virabhadra was later initiated to vaishnava rites by his stepmother Jahnava.[7] 5 References

2 Legacy [1] Sen, D.; Sen, D.C. (1917). Chaitanya and His Compan- ions: Being Lectures Delivered at the University of Calcutta as Ramtanu Lahiri Research Fellow for 1913-14. Univer- The exploits of Chaitanya and Nityananda have had deep sity of Calcutta. religious and cultural implications in Bengal. They are credited with the revival of in Eastern India, [2] Dimock, E.C. (1958). “The Place of Gauracandrika plagued mainly by the caste system, which they de- in Bengali Vaisnava Lyrics”. Journal of the American nounced. Much of Vaishnava literature, regarded as one Oriental Society 78 (3): 153–169. doi:10.2307/595285. the finest literary heritage of medieval Bengal, came from JSTOR 595285. them or their disciples. Even in secular literature, their [3] Adi-lila, 5.6 brotherly love towards each other has been celebrated. [4] Rosen, S.J. (2004). “Who Is Shri Chaitanya Ma- haprabhu>". The Movement: the Postcharis- matic Fate of a Religious Transplant. ISBN 978-0-231- 3 Principal sobriquets 12256-6. Retrieved 2008-06-07.

• [5] Sen, Sukumar (1991, reprint 2007). Bangala Sahityer Iti- Nityananda -- He Who embodies eternal bliss has, Vol.I, (Bengali), Kolkata: Ananda Publishers, ISBN 81-7066-966-9, p.293 • Avadhutendu -- The Moon of divine madmen [6] Chaitanya Charitamrita Adi-lila,13.61, purport • Vasudha-prana- -- The beloved of the life-breath of Vasudha [7] Sen, Sukumar (1991, reprint 2007). Bangala Sahityer Iti- has, Vol.I, (Bengali), Kolkata: Ananda Publishers, ISBN • Jahnavi-jivita-pati -- The eternal divine husband 81-7066-966-9, pp.236, 321-2 of Shrimati Jahnavi-devi and the maintainer and sus- tainer of Her life and soul 6 External links • Krsna-prema-prada -- He Who bestows ecstatic love for Krishna • Life Story of Nityananda • Prabhu -- The Lord and Master of the devotees • A Biography of Nityananda Prabhu • Padmavati-suta -- The dear son of Padmavati • Nityananda Trayodasi Festival • -- He of splendorous transcendental majesty • Lecture on Nityananda & Chaitanya: 'The Darkness Dispellers’ • Saci-nandana-purvaja -- The older brother of mother Saci’s son • Nityananda Rama at 3

• Nityananda Janmasthan - Nitai’s birthplace

• The Lotus Feet of Sri Nityananda Prabhu • Nityananda’s Name

• Descendants of Nityananda 4 7 TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES

7 Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

7.1 Text

• Nityananda Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nityananda?oldid=621508705 Contributors: Peruvianllama, Everyking, Ragib, Rosarino, Kwamikagami, Pearle, Matheesha, Raga, Sfacets, ReubenGarrett, Woohookitty, Shmitra, DePiep, Rjwilmsi, RexNL, Gurch, RussBot, TheMandarin, Siyavash, Chopper Dave, SmackBot, LD108, HeartofaDog, Bluebot, PrimeHunter, GourangaUK, Matus dasa, Dr.saptarshi, Shamrox, Pranart, Cydebot, Orlando F, Joy1963, Widefox, Ekabhishek, Barek, Bakasuprman, Waacstats, Sodabottle, Ekan- tik, Soumitradas, Arjun024, ImageRemovalBot, Neemai108, Elizium23, Wikidas, DumZiBoT, Gaura79, Ism schism, Addbot, DOI bot, Queenmomcat, ShepBot, Lightbot, Luckas-bot, Yobot, Pectore, FrescoBot, Rudra79, Citation bot 1, WillNess, Ripchip Bot, Sanatan27, EmausBot, V das, A930913, Llightex, Heard tried won, SillySickn, O.Koslowski, Dream of Nyx, Helpful Pixie Bot, Praghosa, Curb Chain, Frze, L435534l, Abitoby, Rhcwiki, Sagarika18, Ugog Nizdast, Rayasa, Monkbot and Anonymous: 38

7.2 Images

• File:Chaitanya_sankirtan.jpg Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/01/Chaitanya_sankirtan.jpg License: Public domain Contributors: British Library, cropped from original Original artist: Calcutta Art Studio • File:Gaura_Nitai_shrine_at_ISKCON_temple,_Delhi.jpg Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Gaura_ Nitai_shrine_at_ISKCON_temple%2C_Delhi.jpg License: CC BY-SA 2.0 Contributors: Fanning Krishna and at ISKCON Temple - Delhi Original artist: Ken Wieland from Philadelphia, USA • File:.svg Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/Om.svg License: Public domain Contributors: ? Original artist: ?

7.3 Content license

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