Four Learning Lapbooks with study guides Circle C Milestones

1-Thick as Thieves 3-The Last Ride 2-Heartbreak Trail 4-Courageous Love SAMPLE PAGES

CircleCAdventures.com Copyright © 2020 by Susan K. Marlow

Permission is granted to copy for members of your household only. For group use, please contact [email protected] to purchase a classroom/co-op license at $15.00 per title.

The Circle C Adventures series is published by Kregel Publications Lapbooks are available for the entire Circle C series at www.CircleCAdventures.com Circle C Beginnings (ages 6-8), Circle C Stepping Stones (ages 7-10), Circle C Adventures (ages 9-13)

Lapbooks are also available for the Goldtown series (Beginnings and Adventures) at GoldtownAdventures.com

Where do the mini-booklets go? A folder-shaped Layout key is included for each lapbook. This key is an overview that shows you where the booklets go. here is also a key at the top of each booklet page that shows where to place the booklet in each folder.

How do I use the book(s) with the lapbook(s)? Each lapbook activity is meant to be completed after reading a group of two chapters. The contents page shows which lapbook topics go with the chapters in the book. Each page in the lapbook also shows the chapter(s) to read before beginning the lapbook study guides and mini-booklet.

The pictures below showSAMPLE how to fold the file folder(s) PAGES to create a lapbook. Lapbooks may be completed and stored separately, or you can glue lapbooks together. The Stepping Stones lapbooks are intended to be glued as two-folder lapbooks (books 1-2, 3-4, 5-6).

1. Open up the folder 2. Fold the first side all the way and flatten it out. over until the tab just touches the 3. Fold the left-hand side over middle crease in the folder. Do not just to the crease but not overlap this crease with the tab. overlapping it. Your folder now has two flaps. Run a ruler down each fold to make the fold neater and flatter.

5. Repeat with the remaining file folders. HINT: complete the 4. To glue the folders together, activities first THEN apply a generous amount of white glue the folders glue to two flaps. Bring the flaps together when you together and press. Hold together are finished. with paper clips until completely dry. Circle C Milestones Book 1 Thick as Thieves

Theme: Friendship Unselfishly giving support and expressing compassion to another.

1 Peter 3:8

Cut around onSAMPLE the dotted line and glue to the PAGES large, outside cover of your lapbook. If you plan to glue the lapbooks for books 1 and 2 together, place this piece closer to the top to leave room for the Heartbreak Trail cover piece. If the lapbooks will be separate, then you can center this piece on the lapbook cover. Look up 1 Peter 3:8 and write it in the box. Activities for Thick as Thieves Before You Begin ...... Fold your lapbook (see p.2) and create the cover Chapters 1-4 ...... The Trouble with Twins Chapters 5-8 ...... Thick as Thieves Characters Chapters 9-12 ...... Bible Verses for Life Chapters 13-16 ...... Fresno, California Chapters 13-16 ...... Fayetteville, Arkansas Chapters 17-21 ...... Comparing Lives Chapters 22-26 ...... Canyons Folder Layout for Thick as Thieves

Bible Verses for Twin Life Comparing Foals Lives

Thick as Thieves Character Match

Fayetteville, AR Fresno, CA Canyons

Read the Thick asSAMPLE Thieves chapters indicated PAGES at the top of the following pages. Then complete the activities for those chapters. This is a one-folder lapbook. You can add the other Circle C Milestones books to expand the lapbook by gluing them together. Use Elmer’s (white) glue for the folders. Use stick glue for the booklets. Answer Key for Thick as Thieves

Chapters 1-4: TWIN FOALS: twins are more common in thoroughbred mares; rarely seen in quarter horses; Taffy’s twins are Shasta, a chocolate palomino with light mane and tail, and Sunny, a cream-colored colt; foaling dangers include: losing the foals early or late, difficult delivery, death of foals and/or mare, foals may be undersized and weak, foals need a lot of care, afterbirth retained Chapters 5-8: CHARACTERS: In order from top to bottom: Chad Carter, Macy Walker, Mr. Foster, Elizabeth Carter, Melinda Carter, Virginia Foster, Mitch Carter, Rosa Garduno, Cory Blake. Chapters 9-12: BIBLE VERSES: See Scripture Chapters 13-16: FRESNO, CA: Founded in 1872 because the RR laid track through the valley; streets are the alphabet going north/south, named for people and places going east/west; occupations include lawyers, ranchers, sheepherders, doctors, judges, barber, saloonkeeper, hotel owner; special features of the courthouse include a gold dome, trees in the park Chapters 13-16: FAYETTEVLLE, AR: Founded in 1828, called “Washington”; Missouri contains most of the Ozarks; Ozarks cover Missouri, Oklahoma, and Arkansas; California was with the North, and Arkansas was with the South Chapters 17-21: COMPARING LIVES: Samples for ANDI: rich, dark hair, neatly dressed, fancy house and large ranch, loving family, a sister, friendly, forgiving, good education, wants to be a rancher; MACY: poor, blond, dirty, ragged clothes, homeless, angry, not friendly, can’t read, wants to learn to shoot and gamble; no parents. BOTH: have three brothers, love horses, father is dead Chapters 22-26: CANYONS: ravine and gorge are other names; box canyons are close on one end; used for trapping animals and keep livestock; Ithaca Chasma is a canyon on Saturn’s moon Tethys, and Valles Marineris is a huge canyon on Mars 1- Thick as Thieves: Chapters 1 - 4

The Trouble with Twins

You can read about an ordinary foaling in the Thick as Thieves study guide (free to download online at www.CircleCMilestones.com). As you learned from reading chapters 1 – 4, Taffy’s foaling was nowhere near anything ordinary. Most mares produce one egg, which results in one foal. They produce an egg every twenty-one days throughout the breeding season. If the egg is fertilized by the stallion’s sperm, the mare becomes pregnant. Sometimes a mare produces two eggs instead of just one. If both are fertilized, a twin pregnancy results.

Twins are more common in Thoroughbred horse breeds. Quarter horse mares like Taffy rarely produce two eggs, but it’s possible. They are most likely to produce two eggs if they are not nursing a foal, have not had a foal the previous year, and are young, healthy, and at the peak of their fertile years. Taffy falls into that category. For most mammalsSAMPLE (and for people too), twins PAGES are not a problem. However, the mare is an exception. She is not designed to carry more than one foal at a time. Twins are sometimes carried to term and born healthy with no injury to either the foals or the mare, but this is the exception to the rule.

Usually, mares that conceive twins lose one or both tiny embryos within the first few weeks after breeding. Some mares will carry twins for several months before losing them halfway through the pregnancy. If both foals survive until term, there is a good chance that the mare will have a difficult delivery that can end in the death of one, two, or all three horses. This explains why Andi was so horrified when she learned Taffy was trying to birth twins. She knew the risks, and she was afraid.

When twins are born alive, as in Taffy’s case, one or both may be undersized and weak. Twin foals often need extra care, sometimes around the clock for the first couple of weeks. If the mare was injured during the delivery, she will also need care. Sometimes the afterbirth stays inside, which can cause a bad infection or even death for the mare.

All in all, twin foals are no bargain. Andi would have been perfectly content with one healthy foal. By God’s grace and with the help of an experienced stockman (Chad), Taffy’s twins survived and eventually caught up from their shaky, uncertain beginning. 1- Thick as Thieves: Chapters 1 - 4 Folder Read “The Trouble with Twins”. Cut out the pieces on this page. Stack them together with the cover sheet on top. Staple and glue into the lapbook as indicated. Directions: Answer the questions on each sheet of the mini-booklet. Use the information on the previous page and also chapters 1 – 4 from the book. SAMPLE PAGES

Name Taffy’s twin foals and describe their coloring:

Twin Foals

List some of the dangers of a Taffy’s Twins mare carrying and birthing twins.

______

______Twins are more common in which horse breed? ______Which horse breed rarely has ______twins?

______

Foaling Dangers Horse Breeds for Twins 1- Thick as Thieves: Chapters 5 - 8 Folder Chapters 5 – 8 introduce a number of characters important to the story. Directions: Cut out the booklet as one piece. Fold on the solid black line, then unfold and cut on the dotted lines. Cut out the characters’ names and match them to the words they said to Andi at one time or another during chapters 5 – 8. Glue in place on the outside of the little flaps.

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SAMPLE PAGES

Chad Carter Rosa Garduño Virginia Foster

Cory Blake Melinda Carter Mitch Carter

Macy Walker Elizabeth Carter Mr. Foster 1- Thick as Thieves: Chapters 9 - 12 Folder Chapters 9 – 12 recount what Andi has to put up with regarding Macy Walker during the wild girl’s first week of school. Andi whispers a verse to herself, “I can do all things through Christ.” Directions: Cut completely around the large shape as one booklet. Fold the LEFT flap over the center flap. Now fold the RIGHT flap over the center flap. Glue into lapbook (make sure it is right side up). Cut out the cover and glue to the front. Three verses that can help you during times of interpersonal clashes are listed. Copy each verse in your best handwriting. Write small! Choose one verse to memorize.

Galatians 6:9 Colossians 3:13

Proverbs 15:1

SAMPLE PAGES

Bible Verses

Cover label

for Life 1- Thick as Thieves: Chapters 13 - 16

Fresno, California: Andi’s Home

Andi was born May 26, 1868. At that time, Fresno, California, did not exist. The town closest to the Circle C ranch was Millerton along the banks of the San Joaquin River. Millerton had its share of problems, mostly having to survive flooding. The worst flood occurred during Christmas of 1867. By 1874, tired of the yearly flooding, folks packed up and moved down in the valley to the brand-new town of Fresno. Originally called Fresno Station, the town was founded in 1872 when the Central Pacific railroad laid trackSAMPLE up and town the San Joaquin PAGES Valley. It wasn’t a very inviting location, with barren sand plains in all directions. But a scouting party noticed a lush wheat field in the middle of the nowhere and said, “Wonderful! Here we must build the town!” And Fresno was born. A store and a train depot were the original buildings, but it grew fast. The development of an irrigation system to water the dry land contributed to the town’s growth. In 1877, a man by the name of William Helm bought five acres in town. He was the largest sheepherder in Fresno County. He hauled his wool to Stockton in three wagons, each pulled by ten mules, and made the round trip in twelve days. That is a lot of wool! Like most railroad towns in the San Joaquin Valley, Fresno was laid out in a square. The railroad tracks ran roughly north-south. The streets paralleling the tracks were named for the alphabet (G, H, I, J, K, etc.) Not much imagination there. The streets that ran east- west were named after people and places. It was hard to lose your way in a town that was laid out in such an organized fashion, especially when there were no hills or valleys. There was a small section of town that rose slightly above the rest. The residents named it “Nob Hill” after the high, steep hill in San Francisco. Like Nob Hill in San Francisco, Fresno’s Nob Hill was home to many rich people. By the time 1882 rolled around and Andi turned fourteen, Fresno boasted a population of 1,112 residents. Of these residents, nine were ranchers living out of town; twenty-one were sheepherders. The small town was home to eleven lawyers but only two judges, four doctors, and one barber. Saloons were popular (thirteen), and six hotels were open for guests. There was even an ice cream parlor. People in the 1800s loved to build fancy courthouses in their towns, and Fresno was no exception. The Fresno County Courthouse was built in 1875 and had a beautiful, golden dome. In 1878, the residents planted a good number of trees around the courthouse. This four-acre plot became known as Courthouse Park. This is the park through which Taffy ran during Andi’s runaway scare after Fresno County Courthouse Macy hid a tack under the saddle blanket. Courtesy California History & Genealogy Room; Fresno County Library 1- Thick as Thieves: Chapters 13 - 16 Folder Read “Fresno, California” Cut out as one booklet. Fold flap 1 down and then the cover flap. Glue the bottom flap to the lapbook. Cut out the labels and glue them at the top of the blank sides of booklet. Directions: Using what you learned about Fresno in the study guide, answer the questions.

Flap 1

Name some special features of the Fresno County Courthouse and park.

List some of the occupations in Fresno in 1882 SAMPLE PAGES When was Fresno founded

and why?

Fresno named? Fresno How were the streets in in streets the were How

FOLD LINE

Fresno, California FOLD LINE FOLD

GLUE 1- Thick as Thieves: Chapters 13 - 16

Fayetteville, Arkansas: Macy’s Original Home Marcella (Macy) Walker was born just outside of Fayetteville, Arkansas, in 1869. She is a year younger than Andi. In 1869, the War Between the States had been over for four years. Arkansas was part of the Confederate States of America (the South). California stayed with the Union (the North). So, Andi’s parents and Macy’s parents supported opposite sides of the struggle. The South lost the war, and there were bad feelings between the North and the South for a long time afterward. Macy Walker Fayetteville is located in the northwest corner of the state of Arkansas, in the MISSOURI Ozarks, a beautiful section of the state. The map to the right shows the three states the mountainous Ozarks cover. Fayetteville lies between the rugged Boston Mountains and the more inhabitable Springfield Plateau. The colors on the map show elevation, with light green being 50 feet above OKLAHOMA sea level and white being 2,753 feet high. The highest area is in the Boston Fayetteville Mountains. ARKANSAS In 1828, a man named George McGarrah settled in the area and founded the town of Washington, in Washington County. Right away he started work on the Washington Courthouse (what is it about courthouses and 1800s towns?). The next year the courthouse was finished, and the post officeSAMPLE set up shop in the building. PAGESThe postmaster renamed the courthouse the Fayetteville Courthouse (to keep confusion down from all the other sites named “Washington” in the area. Two councilmen from Fayetteville, Tennessee, (which got its name from Fayetteville, North Carolina) were selected to name the city. They named it Fayetteville. I can’t imagine why they would choose yet another “Fayetteville,” but it makes the retelling interesting! During the War Between the States, the North occupied (captured) Fayetteville and held it the whole time. The Confederates tried to win it back with cannon fire and other means,

but they did not prevail. After the war, the population of Fayetteville dropped, but by the time of the setting of Thick as Thieves, Fayetteville’s population went back up. in 1882, both Fresno and Fayetteville had similar populations of a little over 1,000 people. Fayetteville around 1890 1- Thick as Thieves: Chapters 13 - 16 Folder

Read: “Fayetteville, Arkansas” Cut out the pieces. Stack with the cover piece on top. Staple at the top and glue into lapbook. Directions: Answer the questions.

SAMPLE PAGES

Arkansas Fayetteville

Which state contains When was Fayetteville Which side did California most of the Ozarks? take during the War founded? Between the States?

What was the town Which side did Arkansas Name the three states called before it was take during the War the Ozarks cover. named “Fayetteville”? Between the States? 4- Courageous Love: Chapters 6-9

Cattle Breeds The Carter family raises cattle. There are many different breeds of cattle in the United States. Some are “old” breeds, which came to the New World with the Europeans in the 15th century. Some breeds were not introduced to the U.S. until the 1970s (Limousin and Simmental), although they were well established in Europe long before then. Below are the breeds Andi might have seen on U.S. ranches during the 19th century.

Longhorn: The horns of a Texas Longhorn can branch out to seven feet wide! Ancestors of this breed were introduced to the Americas in 1493 when Christopher Columbus landed in the Caribbean Islands. The Spanish moved north and took their Longhorns with them. They roamed wild until the 19th century, when they were domesticated and rounded up. Longhorns are heat-tolerant, hardy, and rangy animals with long legs and long horns. Their hides can be any color, including gray, black, brown, white, and speckled.

Hereford: These cattle are very fertile and are sometimes known as “white-faced.” They were brought to the U.S. in 1817. The typical Hereford color pattern is a dark-reddish body with a white face, under parts, feet, tip of the tail, and a white feather pattern on the top of the neckline.

Shorthorn: TheSAMPLE Circle C ranch raises mostly PAGES Shorthorn cattle. They are efficient meat (and milk) producers and graze naturally. They are usually red or roan (a combination of red and white) colored. They have little or no trouble calving, which makes them a good cattle breed for out on the range. The Carters keep a few shorthorns close by for milking.

Brahma: Brahma cattle originated in India and developed remarkable adaptations for survival. Brahman cattle have a big hump on the top of their shoulder and neck. They have curvy horns, floppy ears, and extra skin along their necks. Their skin produces an oil that repels insects. It is believed that the first Brahman cattle were imported to South Carolina in 1849.

Angus: All of the above breeds are born with horns. A Scotsman brought four Angus bulls from his homeland to Kansas in 1873. At that time, Shorthorns were the dominant breed in the U.S., so the “polled” (born hornless) and solid black Angus bulls were considered freaks. Between 1878 and 1883, however, the Angus breed exploded in popularity. Today, the Angus is the largest registered breed in the world. Besides solid black, Angus can also be solid red.

Four of Mitch’s Angus heifers 4- Courageous Love: Chapters 6-9 Folder

Read “Cattle Breeds.” Cut out the pieces on this page and the next and stack together with the cover piece on top. Staple along the top edge and glue into lapbook. Directions: Follow the instructions on each flap.

Cattle Breeds SAMPLE PAGES

Write one fact about each breed of cattle you learned about in the study guide:

1. Brahma: ______

2. Shorthorn: ______

3. Angus: ______

4. Longhorn: ______

5. Hereford: ______Kinds of Cattle 4- Courageous Love: Chapters 6-9

Write the name of the cattle breed from the given clues:

1. I have little or no trouble calving: ______

2. Biting insects never bother me! ______

3. If you want lots of calves, raise me. I’m fertile. ______

4. I am a good choice if you want both meat and milk: ______

5. I am naturally “polled”: ______6. Heat doesnSAMPLE’t bother me: ______PAGES 7. I’ve been in America since 1493: ______Cattle Breed Clues

Using the study guide, label these different breeds of cattle

A Visual Guide to Five Cattle Breeds