DOCSLIB.ORG

The Shaw Prize Founder's Biographical Note

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

The Shaw Prize The Shaw Prize is an international award to honour individuals who are currently active in their respective fields and who have achieved distinguished and significant advances, who have made outstanding contributions in culture and the arts, or who in other domains have achieved excellence. The award is dedicated to furthering societal progress, enhancing quality of life, and enriching humanity’s spiritual civilization. Preference will be given to individuals whose significant work was recently achieved. Founder's Biographical Note The Shaw Prize was established under the auspices of Mr Run Run Shaw. Mr Shaw, born in China in 1907, is a native of Ningbo County, Zhejiang Province. He joined his brother’s film company in China in the 1920s. In the 1950s he founded the film company Shaw Brothers (Hong Kong) Limited in Hong Kong. He served as Executive Chairman of Television Broadcasts Limited in Hong Kong since the 1970s until earlier this year and is now Chairman of TVB and a Member of its Executive Committee. Mr Shaw has also founded two charities, The Sir Run Run Shaw Charitable Trust and The Shaw Foundation Hong Kong, both dedicated to the promotion of education, scientific and technological research, medical and welfare services, and culture and the arts. ~ 1 ~ Message from the Chief Executive This is the seventh year of the Shaw Prize. Since its inauguration in 2004, it has become one of the most prestigious international awards in recognition of academic excellence of distinguished scientists whose achievements have significantly benefited mankind. This year, five eminent scientists will join the elite group of 31 prominent Shaw Laureates from around the world, whose work has been a lasting source of inspiration to fellow scientists and has advanced human understanding of astronomy, life science and medicine, and mathematical sciences. I sincerely congratulate this year’s winners on their accomplishments, and wish them every success in their future scientific pursuits. Donald Tsang Chief Executive Hong Kong Special Administrative Region ~ 2 ~ Message from the Founder In every age there are turning points – new ways of seeing and understanding the world around us. New discoveries spring from old knowledge as the echoes of past achievements resound in the consciousness of perceptive individuals determined to unravel the marvelous mysteries of the sciences. Each success shared spurs a widening of the human imagination, and recognition of such success, acclaimed by the Shaw Prize as a compelling force, inspires a new generation to probe deeper into the unknown and make its contribution to progress. Run Run Shaw ~ 3 ~ Message from Chairman of the Board of Adjudicators The Shaw Prize Council is honoured to award three Shaw Prizes tonight. Professors Charles Bennett, Lyman Page Jr and David Spergel will receive the 2010 Astronomy Prize for their leadership in the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe experiment which has enabled precise determinations of the fundamental cosmological parameters, including the geometry, age and composition of the universe. For example, the age of the universe is now determined to be 13.75 billion years with the remarkable accuracy of plus or minus only one percent. Professor David Julius will receive the 2010 Life Science and Medicine Prize for his seminal discoveries of molecular mechanisms of the senses of touch, of scalding, of spicy hotness, etc., through specialized ion channels at the tip of sensory nerves. Professor Jean Bourgain will receive the 2010 Mathematical Sciences Prize for his profound work in mathematical analysis and its application to partial differential equations, mathematical physics, combinatorics, number theory, ergodic theory and theoretical computer science. It is difficult to explain his achievements in so many different areas of pure and applied mathematics. But in one area of computer sciences his work has led to great advances that the layman can appreciate: he elucidated the true meaning of randomness. Chen-Ning Yang ~ 4 ~ The Shaw Prize Medal The front of the medal displays a portrait of Run Run Shaw, next to which are the words and Chinese characters for the title of "The Shaw Prize". On the reverse, the medal shows the award category, the relevant year and the name of the prizewinner. A seal of imprint of the Chinese phrase "制天命而用之" (quoted from Xun Zi – a thinker in the warring states period of Chinese history in 313 – 238 B.C.) meaning "Grasp the law of nature and make use of it" appears in the upper~ 5 ~ right corner. AGENDA Arrival of Officiating Guest and Winners **** Welcome Speech by Professor Chen-Ning Yang Member of the Council Chairman of the Board of Adjudicators, The Shaw Prize **** Speech by Professor Jiansheng Chen Member of the Board of Adjudicators Chairman of the Selection Committee for the Prize in Astronomy **** Speech by Professor Yuet-Wai Kan Member of the Board of Adjudicators Chairman of the Selection Committee for the Prize in Life Science and Medicine **** Speech by Sir Michael Atiyah Member of the Board of Adjudicators Chairman of the Selection Committee for the Prize in Mathematical Sciences **** Award Presentation Grand Hall Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre 28 September 2010 ~ 6 ~ AWARD PRESENTATION (Category listed in alphabetical order) Astronomy Professor Charles L Bennett, Professor Lyman A Page Jr and Professor David N Spergel Life Science and Medicine Professor David Julius Mathematical Sciences Professor Jean Bourgain ~ 7 ~ Professor Jiansheng Chen Member of the Board of Adjudicators Chairman of the Selection Committee for the Prize in Astronomy Professor Jiansheng Chen is a reputed astrophysicist and Fellow of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. He is currently a Professorial Research Scientist and Director of Department of Astronomy at Peking University and Director of Beijing Astrophysical Center. Professor Chen is also the former Deputy Director of the Academic Division of Mathematics and Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (1998 – 2002), the Chairman of the Astronomical Advisory Board of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Member of the Academic Degree Committee of the State Council, Member of the Expert Group for Post-doctorates of the Personnel Ministry, and Member of Special Nominating Committee of International Astronomical Union. He has been primarily engaged in research in the fields of QSO absorption line, QSO survey, Galactic Physics and large scale astronomy. ~ 8 ~ The Prize in Astronomy 2010 Charles L Bennett, Lyman A Page Jr and David N Spergel for their leadership of the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) experiment, which has enabled precise determinations of the fundamental cosmological parameters, including the geometry, age and composition of the universe. ~ 9 ~ An Essay on the Prize in Astronomy 2010 How did the universe begin? What makes up the universe? Why does the sky look the way it does? Humankind has been asking these kinds of questions for millennia, but these questions are now subject to direct observational measurements. Measurements have revealed that we live in an expanding universe and that the expansion is becoming faster and faster. It is now firmly established that our universe has been expanding and cooling for billions of years, ever since the Big Bang. To be precise, the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) space mission has determined that the age of the universe is thirteen billion, seven hundred million years. This has been recognized by the Guinness Book of World Records as the most accurate determination of the age of the universe. WMAP has determined the age by capturing the oldest light in the universe and by measuring tiny variations in the temperature and polarization of this cosmic radiation all across the sky. The pattern seen in these tiny variations depends upon the universe’s composition and geometry as well as on the physical processes in the early universe that generated these variations. The full sky picture of these variations in temperature from WMAP is a direct view of the early universe. It is a “baby picture” from when the universe was less than 0.03% of its current age. In addition to the age of the universe, WMAP has measured the density of matter, the density of atoms, the amplitude of the initial fluctuations that grew to form galaxies, and how this amplitude varies with scale. These five basic numbers explain not only the WMAP full sky picture of tiny temperature fluctuations but also a host of other astronomical observations. The WMAP data have confirmed that atoms or normal matter make up only 4.5% of the total density of the universe. Dark matter comprises the next 22%. Many cosmologists speculate that this dark matter is a new type of subatomic particle. Dark energy appears to comprise the remaining 73.5% of the universe. This dark energy is driving the accelerated expansion of the universe. Unlike normal matter, this dark energy acts as a form of “anti-gravity”. This WMAP measurement confirms earlier observations of supernovae (recognized by the 2006 Shaw Prize in Astronomy) that implied the expansion of the universe is accelerating today. ~ 10 ~ In declaring the WMAP results the 2003 “Breakthrough of the Year”, Science Magazine wrote, “Lingering doubts about the existence of dark energy and the composition of the universe dissolved when the WMAP satellite took the most detailed picture ever of the cosmic microwave background (CMB)”. Also, “All the arguments of the last few decades about the basic properties of the universe— its age, its expansion rate, its composition, its density—have been settled in one fell swoop”. The subtle patterns in the WMAP baby picture of the universe are consistent with the idea that the expansion of the universe is not only accelerating today, but also underwent a period of even more rapid accelerated expansion in its first moments. Cosmologists call this early acceleration “inflation”. Quantum fluctuations in the rate of this early acceleration generated variations that are observable imprints on the microwave sky.
Recommended publications
  • Report for the Academic Year 1995

    Report for the Academic Year 1995

    Institute /or ADVANCED STUDY REPORT FOR THE ACADEMIC YEAR 1994 - 95 PRINCETON NEW JERSEY Institute /or ADVANCED STUDY REPORT FOR THE ACADEMIC YEAR 1 994 - 95 OLDEN LANE PRINCETON • NEW JERSEY 08540-0631 609-734-8000 609-924-8399 (Fax) Extract from the letter addressed by the Founders to the Institute's Trustees, dated June 6, 1930. Newark, New jersey. It is fundamental in our purpose, and our express desire, that in the appointments to the staff and faculty, as well as in the admission of workers and students, no account shall be taken, directly or indirectly, of race, religion, or sex. We feel strongly that the spirit characteristic of America at its noblest, above all the pursuit of higher learning, cannot admit of any conditions as to personnel other than those designed to promote the objects for which this institution is established, and particularly with no regard whatever to accidents of race, creed, or sex. TABLE OF CONTENTS 4 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE 5 • FOUNDERS, TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS OF THE BOARD AND OF THE CORPORATION 8 • ADMINISTRATION 11 REPORT OF THE CHAIRMAN 15 REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 23 • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 27 • REPORT OF THE SCHOOL OF HISTORICAL STUDIES ACADEMIC ACTIVITIES MEMBERS, VISITORS AND RESEARCH STAFF 36 • REPORT OF THE SCHOOL OF MATHEMATICS ACADEMIC ACTIVITIES MEMBERS AND VISITORS 42 • REPORT OF THE SCHOOL OF NATURAL SCIENCES ACADEMIC ACTIVITIES MEMBERS AND VISITORS 50 • REPORT OF THE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE ACADEMIC ACTIVITIES MEMBERS, VISITORS AND RESEARCH STAFF 55 • REPORT OF THE INSTITUTE LIBRARIES 57 • RECORD OF INSTITUTE EVENTS IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 1994-95 85 • INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The Institute for Advanced Study is an independent, nonprofit institution devoted to the encouragement of learning and scholarship.
  • Arxiv:1807.04136V2 [Math.AG] 25 Jul 2018

    Arxiv:1807.04136V2 [Math.AG] 25 Jul 2018

    HITCHIN CONNECTION ON THE VEECH CURVE SHEHRYAR SIKANDER Abstract. We give an expression for the pull back of the Hitchin connection from the moduli space of genus two curves to a ten-fold covering of a Teichm¨ullercurve discovered by Veech. We then give an expression, in terms of iterated integrals, for the monodromy representation of this connection. As a corollary we obtain quantum representations of infinitely many pseudo-Anosov elements in the genus two mapping class group. Contents 1. Introduction 2 1.1. Acknowledgements 6 2. Moduli spaces of vector bundles and Hitchin connection in genus two 6 2.1. The Heisenberg group 8 2.2. The Hitchin connection 10 2.2.1. Riemann surfaces with theta structure 11 2.2.2. Projectively flat connections 12 3. Teichm¨ullercurves and pseudo-Anosov mapping classes 16 3.1. Hitchin connection and Hyperlogarithms on the Veech curve 20 4. Generators of the (orbifold) fundamental group 25 4.1. Computing Monodromy 26 References 31 arXiv:1807.04136v2 [math.AG] 25 Jul 2018 This is author's thesis supported in part by the center of excellence grant 'Center for Quantum Geometry of Moduli Spaces' from the Danish National Research Foundation (DNRF95). 1 HITCHIN CONNECTION ON THE VEECH CURVE 2 1. Introduction Let Sg be a closed connected and oriented surface of genus g ¥ 2, and consider its mapping class group Γg of orientation-preserving diffeomorphisms up to isotopy. More precisely, ` ` Γg :“ Diffeo pSgq{Diffeo0 pSgq; (1) ` where Diffeo pSgq is the group of orientation-preserving diffeomorphisms of Sg, and ` Diffeo0 pSgq denotes the connected component of the identity.
  • Stephan Hruszkewycz Tuesday, September 25 • 4 Pm • Tech L211

    Stephan Hruszkewycz Tuesday, September 25 • 4 Pm • Tech L211

    THE MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT COLLOQUIUM SERIES PRESENTS: Stephan Hruszkewycz Assistant Physicist, Argonne National Laboratory Opportunities for materials science with coherent x-ray diffraction imaging Recent progress in 3D coherent x-ray diffraction imaging methods can enable high resolution structural imaging of nano-structured crystalline materials under operating conditions. In this talk, I discuss developments in Bragg coherent diffraction imaging (BCDI) that aim to broaden the envelope of materials science problems that can be addressed with the technique. Following an introduction of the basic principles of the method, two specific topics will be discussed: 1) BCDI at high x-ray energies that provide dramatic penetrating ability, 2) Bragg ptychography that enable imaging of targeted sub- volumes of a crystal. Both approaches will be discussed in the context of materials science problems that can be addressed in-situ at next-generation synchrotron storage rings including the Upgraded Advanced Photon Source project now underway at Argonne National Laboratory. Stephan Hruszkewycz is a staff scientist in the Materials Science Division at Argonne National Laboratory. His research focuses on developing and using coherent x-ray scattering techniques to interrogate nanoscale materials structure and dynamics under working conditions to reveal structure-property relationships. Currently he is using strain- sensitive coherent Bragg diffraction to image subtle strain fields in nanoscale crystals for photonic and quantum information applications. These research thrusts are pursued at high-brightness synchrotron sources with state-of-the-art coherence-preserving beamlines, including those at the Advanced Photon Source, NSLS-II, and LCLS, and aim to broaden the applicability of coherent diffraction imaging within both the broader materials science community.
  • Institut Des Hautes Ét Udes Scientifiques

    Institut Des Hautes Ét Udes Scientifiques

    InstItut des Hautes É t u d e s scIentIfIques A foundation in the public interest since 1981 2 | IHES IHES | 3 Contents A VISIONARY PROJECT, FOR EXCELLENCE IN SCIENCE P. 5 Editorial P. 6 Founder P. 7 Permanent professors A MODERN-DAY THELEMA FOR A GLOBAL SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY P. 8 Research P. 9 Visitors P. 10 Events P. 11 International INDEPENDENCE AND FREEDOM, ­­ THE INSTITUTE’S TWO OPERATIONAL PILLARS P. 12 Finance P. 13 Governance P. 14 Members P. 15 Tax benefits The Marilyn and James Simons Conference Center The aim of the Foundation known as ‘Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques’ is to enable and encourage theoretical scientific research (…). [Its] activity consists mainly in providing the Institute’s professors and researchers, both permanent and invited, with the resources required to undertake disinterested IHES February 2016 Content: IHES Communication Department – Translation: Hélène Wilkinson – Design: blossom-creation.com research. Photo Credits: Valérie Touchant-Landais / IHES, Marie-Claude Vergne / IHES – Cover: unigma All rights reserved Extract from the statutes of the Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques, 1958. 4 | IHES IHES | 5 A visionary project, for excellence in science Editorial Emmanuel Ullmo, Mathematician, IHES Director A single scientific program: curiosity. A single selection criterion: excellence. The Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques is an international mathematics and theoretical physics research center. Free of teaching duties and administrative tasks, its professors and visitors undertake research in complete independence and total freedom, at the highest international level. Ever since it was created, IHES has cultivated interdisciplinarity. The constant dialogue between mathematicians and theoretical physicists has led to particularly rich interactions.
  • 3D423bbe0559a0c47624d24383

    3D423bbe0559a0c47624d24383

    BENDS straddles the Hong Kong- Shenzhen border and tells the story of ANNA, an affluent housewife and FAI, her chauffeur, and their unexpected friendship ABOUT as they each negotiate the pressures of Hong Kong life and the city’s increasingly complex relationship to mainland China. Fai is struggling to find a way to bring his THE pregnant wife and young daughter over the Hong Kong border from Shenzhen to give birth to their second child, even though he crosses the border easily every FILM day working as a chauffeur for Anna. Anna, in contrast, is struggling to keep up the facade of her ostentatious lifestyle into which she has married, after the sudden disappearance of her husband amid financial turmoil. Their two lives collide in a common space, the car. PRODUCTION NoteS SHOOT LOCATION: Hong Kong TIMELINE: Preproduction, July/August 2012 Principal Photography, September/October 2012 (23 days) Completion, Spring 2013 PREMIERE: Cannes Film Festival 2013, Un Certain Regard (Official Selection) LANGUAGE: Cantonese & Mandarin FORMAT: HD, Colour LENGTH: 92 minutes THE CaST ANNA - Lead Female Role Carina Lau 劉嘉玲 SelecTED FILMOGRAPHY: Detective Dee and the Mystery Phantom Flame Let the Bullets Fly 2046 Flowers of Shanghai Ashes of Time Days of Being Wild FAI - Lead Male Role Chen Kun 陳坤 SelecTED FILMOGRAPHY: Painted Skin I & II, Rest On Your Shoulder, Flying Swords of Dragon Gate 3D Let the Bullets Fly Balzac and the Little Chinese Seamstress Writer/Director Flora Lau 劉韻文 Cinematographer Christopher Doyle (H.K.S.C.) 杜可風 A Very Special Thanks To William Chang Suk Ping 張叔平 Flora was born and raised in Hong Kong.
  • Looking at Earth: an Astronaut's Journey Induction Ceremony 2017

    Looking at Earth: an Astronaut's Journey Induction Ceremony 2017

    american academy of arts & sciences winter 2018 www.amacad.org Bulletin vol. lxxi, no. 2 Induction Ceremony 2017 Class Speakers: Jane Mayer, Ursula Burns, James P. Allison, Heather K. Gerken, and Gerald Chan Annual David M. Rubenstein Lecture Looking at Earth: An Astronaut’s Journey David M. Rubenstein and Kathryn D. Sullivan ALSO: How Are Humans Different from Other Great Apes?–Ajit Varki, Pascal Gagneux, and Fred H. Gage Advancing Higher Education in America–Monica Lozano, Robert J. Birgeneau, Bob Jacobsen, and Michael S. McPherson Redistricting and Representation–Patti B. Saris, Gary King, Jamal Greene, and Moon Duchin noteworthy Select Prizes and Andrea Bertozzi (University of James R. Downing (St. Jude Chil- Barbara Grosz (Harvard Univer- California, Los Angeles) was se- dren’s Research Hospital) was sity) is the recipient of the Life- Awards to Members lected as a 2017 Simons Investi- awarded the 2017 E. Donnall time Achievement Award of the gator by the Simons Foundation. Thomas Lecture and Prize by the Association for Computational American Society of Hematology. Linguistics. Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Clara D. Bloomfield (Ohio State 2017 University) is the recipient of the Carol Dweck (Stanford Univer- Christopher Hacon (University 2017 Robert A. Kyle Award for sity) was awarded the inaugural of Utah) was awarded the Break- Joachim Frank (Columbia Univer- Outstanding Clinician-Scientist, Yidan Prize. through Prize in Mathematics. sity) presented by the Mayo Clinic Di- vision of Hematology. Felton Earls (Harvard Univer- Naomi Halas (Rice University) sity) is the recipient of the 2018 was awarded the 2018 Julius Ed- Nobel Prize in Economic Emmanuel J.
  • Comments on the 2011 Shaw Prize in Mathematical Sciences - - an Analysis of Collectively Formed Errors in Physics by C

    Comments on the 2011 Shaw Prize in Mathematical Sciences - - an Analysis of Collectively Formed Errors in Physics by C

    Global Journal of Science Frontier Research Physics and Space Science Volume 12 Issue 4 Version 1.0 June 2012 Type : Double Blind Peer Reviewed International Research Journal Publisher: Global Journals Inc. (USA) Online ISSN: 2249-4626 & Print ISSN: 0975-5896 Comments on the 2011 Shaw Prize in Mathematical Sciences - - An Analysis of Collectively Formed Errors in Physics By C. Y. Lo Applied and Pure Research Institute, Nashua, NH Abstract - The 2011 Shaw Prize in mathematical sciences is shared by Richard S. Hamilton and D. Christodoulou. However, the work of Christodoulou on general relativity is based on obscure errors that implicitly assumed essentially what is to be proved, and thus gives misleading results. The problem of Einstein’s equation was discovered by Gullstrand of the 1921 Nobel Committee. In 1955, Gullstrand is proven correct. The fundamental errors of Christodoulou were due to his failure to distinguish the difference between mathematics and physics. His subsequent errors in mathematics and physics were accepted since judgments were based not on scientific evidence as Galileo advocates, but on earlier incorrect speculations. Nevertheless, the Committee for the Nobel Prize in Physics was also misled as shown in their 1993 press release. Here, his errors are identified as related to accumulated mistakes in the field, and are illustrated with examples understandable at the undergraduate level. Another main problem is that many theorists failed to understand the principle of causality adequately. It is unprecedented to award a prize for mathematical errors. Keywords : Nobel Prize; general relativity; Einstein equation, Riemannian Space; the non- existence of dynamic solution; Galileo. GJSFR-A Classification : 04.20.-q, 04.20.Cv Comments on the 2011 Shaw Prize in Mathematical Sciences -- An Analysis of Collectively Formed Errors in Physics Strictly as per the compliance and regulations of : © 2012.
  • MEMOIRS Row Standing on the Stern, Venetian Style, from the Lido, Where I Lived, to the School in Venice, Where I Studied

    MEMOIRS Row Standing on the Stern, Venetian Style, from the Lido, Where I Lived, to the School in Venice, Where I Studied

    BRUNO BENEDETTO ROSSI April 13, 1905–November 21, 1993 BY GEORGE W. CLARK The initial motivation of the experiment which led to this discovery [of Sco X-1] was a subconscious feeling for the inexhaustible wealth of nature, a wealth that goes far beyond the imagination of man. That feeling was possi- bly generated by experiences in my previous work on cosmic rays; more likely it was inborn and was the reason why, as a young man, I went into the field of cosmic rays. In any case, whenever technical progress opened a new window into the surrounding world, I felt the urge to look through this window, hoping to see something unexpected.1 BEGINNINGS RUNO ROSSI WAS BORN April 13, 1905, in Venice, the el- Bdest of three sons of Rino Rossi and Lina Minerbi. His father was an electrical engineer whose successful career began with work on the electrification of Venice. He wrote in his autobiography2 that his father loved science and would have chosen it for a career except for practical consider- ations. He attributes to his father the influence that turned what may have been an “inborn tendency toward science . into a lifelong commitment.” He recalled: perfectly clear winter mornings when the air was so unusually transparent that the Alps surrounding Venice became clearly visible and appeared in- credibly close (Fata Morgana if you are a child or a poet, anomalous atmo- spheric refraction if you are a scientist). On those mornings I would try to find a sandalo (a small gondola) and, accompanied by a friend, I would 3 4 BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS row standing on the stern, Venetian style, from the Lido, where I lived, to the school in Venice, where I studied.
  • Asian Nobel Prize' for Mapping the Universe 27 May 2010

    Asian Nobel Prize' for Mapping the Universe 27 May 2010

    Scientists win 'Asian Nobel Prize' for mapping the universe 27 May 2010 Three US scientists whose work helped map the category. universe are among the recipients of the one- million-US-dollar Shaw Prize, known as the "Asian (c) 2010 AFP Nobel," the competition's organisers said Thursday. Princeton University professors Lyman Page and David Spergel and Charles Bennett of Johns Hopkins University, won the award for an experiment that helped to determine the "geometry, age and composition of the universe to unprecedented precision." The trio will share the Shaw Prize's award for astronomy, with one-million-US-dollar prizes also awarded in the categories for mathematical sciences and life sciences and medicine. The University of California's David Julius won the award for life sciences and medicine for his "seminal discoveries" of how the skin senses pain and temperature, the organisers' statement said. "(Julius's) work has provided insights into fundamental mechanisms underlying the sense of touch as well as knowledge that opens the door to rational drug design for the treatment of chronic pain," the statement said. Princeton's Jean Bourgain won an award for his "profound work" in mathematical sciences, it said. The Shaw Prize, funded by Hong Kong film producer and philanthropist Run Run Shaw and first awarded in 2004, honours exceptional contributions "to the advancement of civilization and the well-being of humankind." The awards will be presented at a ceremony in Hong Kong on September 28. Last year, two scientists whose work challenged the assumption that obesity is caused by a lack of will power won the life sciences and medicine 1 / 2 APA citation: Scientists win 'Asian Nobel Prize' for mapping the universe (2010, May 27) retrieved 27 September 2021 from https://phys.org/news/2010-05-scientists-asian-nobel-prize-universe.html This document is subject to copyright.
  • Warriors As the Feminised Other

    Warriors As the Feminised Other

    Warriors as the Feminised Other The study of male heroes in Chinese action cinema from 2000 to 2009 A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Chinese Studies at the University of Canterbury by Yunxiang Chen University of Canterbury 2011 i Abstract ―Flowery boys‖ (花样少年) – when this phrase is applied to attractive young men it is now often considered as a compliment. This research sets out to study the feminisation phenomena in the representation of warriors in Chinese language films from Hong Kong, Taiwan and Mainland China made in the first decade of the new millennium (2000-2009), as these three regions are now often packaged together as a pan-unity of the Chinese cultural realm. The foci of this study are on the investigations of the warriors as the feminised Other from two aspects: their bodies as spectacles and the manifestation of feminine characteristics in the male warriors. This study aims to detect what lies underneath the beautiful masquerade of the warriors as the Other through comprehensive analyses of the representations of feminised warriors and comparison with their female counterparts. It aims to test the hypothesis that gender identities are inventory categories transformed by and with changing historical context. Simultaneously, it is a project to study how Chinese traditional values and postmodern metrosexual culture interacted to formulate Chinese contemporary masculinity. It is also a project to search for a cultural nationalism presented in these films with the examination of gender politics hidden in these feminisation phenomena. With Laura Mulvey‘s theory of the gaze as a starting point, this research reconsiders the power relationship between the viewing subject and the spectacle to study the possibility of multiple gaze as well as the power of spectacle.
  • Cosmology After WMAP (5)

    Cosmology After WMAP (5)

    Cosmology After WMAP (5) DavidDavid SpergelSpergel Geneve June 2008 StandardStandard cosmologicalcosmological modelmodel StillStill FitsFits thethe DataData ! General Relativity + Uniform Universe Big Bang " Density of universe determines its fate + shape ! Universe is flat (total density = critical density) " Atoms 4% " Dark Matter 23% " Dark Energy (cosmological constant?) 72% ! Universe has tiny ripples " Adiabatic, scale invariant, Gaussian Fluctuations " Harrison-Zeldovich-Peebles " Inflationary models QuickQuick HistoryHistory ofof thethe UniverseUniverse " Universe starts out hot, dense and filled with radiation " As the universe expands, it cools. • During the first minutes, light elements form • After 500,000 years, atoms form • After 100,000,000 years, stars start to form • After 1 Billion years, galaxies and quasars ThermalThermal HistoryHistory ofof UniverseUniverse radiation matter NEUTRAL r IONIZED 104 103 z GrowthGrowth ofof FluctuationsFluctuations •Linear theory •Basic elements have been understood for 30 years (Peebles, Sunyaev & Zeldovich) •Numerical codes agree at better than 0.1% (Seljak et al. 2003) Sunyaev & Zeldovich CMBCMB OverviewOverview ! We can detect both CMB temperature and polarization fluctuations ! Polarization Fluctuations can be decomposed into E and B modes q ~180/l ADIABATIC DENSITY FLUCTUATIONS ISOCURVATURE ENTROPY FLUCTUATIONS DeterminingDetermining BasicBasic ParametersParameters Baryon Density 2 Wbh = 0.015,0.017..0.031 also measured through D/H DeterminingDetermining BasicBasic ParametersParameters

  • Professor Peter Goldreich Member of the Board of Adjudicators Chairman of the Selection Committee for the Prize in Astronomy

    The Shaw Prize The Shaw Prize is an international award to honour individuals who are currently active in their respective fields and who have recently achieved distinguished and significant advances, who have made outstanding contributions in academic and scientific research or applications, or who in other domains have achieved excellence. The award is dedicated to furthering societal progress, enhancing quality of life, and enriching humanity’s spiritual civilization. Preference is to be given to individuals whose significant work was recently achieved and who are currently active in their respective fields. Founder's Biographical Note The Shaw Prize was established under the auspices of Mr Run Run Shaw. Mr Shaw, born in China in 1907, was a native of Ningbo County, Zhejiang Province. He joined his brother’s film company in China in the 1920s. During the 1950s he founded the film company Shaw Brothers (HK) Limited in Hong Kong. He was one of the founding members of Television Broadcasts Limited launched in Hong Kong in 1967. Mr Shaw also founded two charities, The Shaw Foundation Hong Kong and The Sir Run Run Shaw Charitable Trust, both dedicated to the promotion of education, scientific and technological research, medical and welfare services, and culture and the arts. ~ 1 ~ Message from the Chief Executive I warmly congratulate the six Shaw Laureates of 2014. Established in 2002 under the auspices of Mr Run Run Shaw, the Shaw Prize is a highly prestigious recognition of the role that scientists play in shaping the development of a modern world. Since the first award in 2004, 54 leading international scientists have been honoured for their ground-breaking discoveries which have expanded the frontiers of human knowledge and made significant contributions to humankind.