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Physiography Geology
BRITISH COLUMBIA DEPARTMENT OF MINES HON. W. K. KIERNAN, Minister P. J. MULCAHY, Deputy Minister NOTES ON PHYSIOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY OF (Bli BRITISH COLUMBIA b OFFICERS OF THE DEPARTMENT VICTCRIA, B.C. 1961 PHYSIOGRAPHY Physiographic divisions and names are established by the Geographic Board of Canada. Recently H. S. Bostock, of the Geological Survey of Canada, studied the physiography of the northern Cordilleran region; his report and maps are published CI I c Fig. 1. Rglief map of British Columbia. in Memoir 247 of the Geological Survey, Department of Mines and Resources, Ottawa. The divisions shown on the accompanying sketch, Figure 2, and the nomenclature used in the text are those proposed by Bostock. Most of the Province of British Columbia lies within the region of mountains and plateaus, the Cordillera of Western Canada, that forms the western border of the North American Continent. The extreme northeastern comer of the Province, lying east of the Cordillera, is part of the Great Plains region. The Rocky Mountain Area extends along the eastern boundary of the Province for a distance of 400 miles, and continues northwestward for an additional 500 miles entirely within the Province. The high, rugged Rocky Mountains, averaging about 50 miles in width, are flanked on the west by a remarkably long and straight valley, known as the Rocky Mountain Trench, and occupied from south to north by the Kootenay, Columbia, Canoe, Fraser, Parsnip, Finlay, Fox, and Kechika Rivers. Of these, the first four flow into the Pacific Ocean and the second four join the Mackenzie River to flow ultimately into the Arctic Ocean. -
Holocene Tephras in Lake Cores from Northern British Columbia, Canada
935 Holocene tephras in lake cores from northern British Columbia, Canada Thomas R. Lakeman, John J. Clague, Brian Menounos, Gerald D. Osborn, Britta J.L. Jensen, and Duane G. Froese Abstract: Sediment cores recovered from alpine and subalpine lakes up to 250 km apart in northern British Columbia con- tain five previously unrecognized tephras. Two black phonolitic tephras, each 5–10 mm thick, occur within 2–4 cm of each other in basal sediments from seven lakes in the Finlay River – Dease Lake area. The upper and lower Finlay tephras are slightly older than 10 220 – 10 560 cal year B.P. and likely originate from two closely spaced eruptions of one or two large volcanoes in the northern Cordilleran volcanic province. The Finlay tephras occur at the transition between deglacial sediments and organic-rich postglacial mud in the lake cores and, therefore, closely delimit the termination of the Fraser Glaciation in northern British Columbia. Sediments in Bob Quinn Lake, which lies on the east edge of the northern Coast Mountains, contain two black tephras that differ in age and composition from the Finlay tephras. The lower Bob Quinn tephra is 3–4 mm thick, basaltic in composition, and is derived from an eruption in the Iskut River volcanic field about 9400 cal years ago. The upper Bob Quinn tephra is 12 mm thick, trachytic in composition, and probably 7000–8000 cal years old. A fifth tephra occurs as a cryptotephra near the top of two cores from the Finlay River area and is correlated to the east lobe of the White River tephra (ca. -
British Columbia Geological Survey Geological Fieldwork 2003
TRACKING THE ESKAY RIFT THROUGH NORTHERN BRITISH COLUMBIA - GEOLOGY AND MINERAL OCCURRENCES OF THE UPPER ISKUT RIVER AREA (TELEGRAPH CREEK NTS 104G/1, 2, 7, 8, 9, 10) By D.J. Alldrick1, M.L. Stewart1, J.L. Nelson1 and K.A. Simpson2 KEYWORDS: Targeted Geoscience Initiative-II (TGI-II), The two-year study will cover 6,250 km2, extending Bedrock mapping, Eskay Creek, Eskay Rift, Hazelton 125 km north from the Eskay Creek mine to the Spectrum Group, Stuhini Group, Mineral deposits porphyry copper-gold deposit (Figure 2). The paved Stewart-Cassiar Highway (Highway 37) runs northward through the eastern part of the map area. In 2003, the first INTRODUCTION field season, an eight-person team mapped 70 km along the rift sequence between Kinaskan Lake and More The Eskay Creek gold-silver mine, located in Creek, west of the highway (Figure 2). northwest British Columbia, is an unusually high-grade The project area straddles the eastern edge of the ore deposit. The mining industry continues to spend more Coast Mountains and the broad valley of the upper Iskut than $2 million each year on exploration for similar River. This area lies within the Tahltan First Nation deposits in the area. The geologic setting at the minesite is traditional area and they participated directly in this well studied, but large tracts in north-central British project. Topography varys from rounded glacial valleys Columbia require more detailed surveys to determine if along the upper Iskut River, to the extensive Spatsizi favourable sites exist for formation and preservation of Plateau, to high serrated ridges and peaks that are being additional deposits. -
Geology of Hyder and Vicinity Southeastern Alaska
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Roy O. West, Secretary U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY George Otis Smith, Director Bulletin 807 GEOLOGY OF HYDER AND VICINITY SOUTHEASTERN ALASKA WITH A RECONNAISSANCE OF CHICKAMIN RIVER BY A. F. RUDDINGTON UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1&29 ADDITIONAL COPIES OF THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE PROCURED FROM THE SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS TJ.S.OOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON, D. C. AT 35 CENTS PER COPY CONTENTS Page Foreword, by Philip S. Smith._________________________ vn Introduction...____________________________________________________ 1 Field work_.._.___._.______..____...____. -_-__-. .. 1 Acknowledgments. _-_-________-_-___-___-__--_____-__-- -____-_ 2 History._________________________________________________________ 2 Bibliography ________-______ _____________._-__.-___-__--__--_--_-_ 3 Alaska.__-___-__---______-_-____-_-___--____-___-_-___-__-___ & British Columbia____-_____-___-___________-_-___--___.._____- 4 Geography_______________________________________-____--___-__--_ 4 Location and transportation facilities.___________________________ 4 Climate. __--______-______.____--__---____-_______--._--.--__- 5 Vegetation ___________________________________________________ 6 Water power._--___._____.________.______-_.._____-___.-_____ 7 Topography-___________--____-_-___--____.___-___-----__--_-- 7 General features of the relief----______-_---___-__------_-_-_ 7 Streams.._ _______________________________________________ 9 Glaciation.. _ __-_____-__--__--_____-__---_____-__--_----__ 10 Geology.... __----_-._ -._---_--__-.- _-_____-_____-___-_ 13 General features___-_-____-__-__-___-..____--___-_-____--__-._ 13 Hazelton group._....._.._>___-_-.__-______----_-----'_-__-..-- 17 General character.-----.-------.-------------------------- 17 Greenstone and associated rocks.._______.__.-.--__--_--_--_ 18 Graywacke-slate division.._________-_-__--_-_-----_--_----_ 19 Coast.Range intrusives__________-__-__--___-----------_-----_- 22 Texas Creek batholith and associated dikes..__--__.__-__-__-. -
Alaska Park Science 19(1): Arctic Alaska Are Living at the Species’ Northern-Most to Identify Habitats Most Frequented by Bears and 4-9
National Park Service US Department of the Interior Alaska Park Science Region 11, Alaska Below the Surface Fish and Our Changing Underwater World Volume 19, Issue 1 Noatak National Preserve Cape Krusenstern Gates of the Arctic Alaska Park Science National Monument National Park and Preserve Kobuk Valley Volume 19, Issue 1 National Park June 2020 Bering Land Bridge Yukon-Charley Rivers National Preserve National Preserve Denali National Wrangell-St Elias National Editorial Board: Park and Preserve Park and Preserve Leigh Welling Debora Cooper Grant Hilderbrand Klondike Gold Rush Jim Lawler Lake Clark National National Historical Park Jennifer Pederson Weinberger Park and Preserve Guest Editor: Carol Ann Woody Kenai Fjords Managing Editor: Nina Chambers Katmai National Glacier Bay National National Park Design: Nina Chambers Park and Preserve Park and Preserve Sitka National A special thanks to Sarah Apsens for her diligent Historical Park efforts in assembling articles for this issue. Her Aniakchak National efforts helped make this issue possible. Monument and Preserve Alaska Park Science is the semi-annual science journal of the National Park Service Alaska Region. Each issue highlights research and scholarship important to the stewardship of Alaska’s parks. Publication in Alaska Park Science does not signify that the contents reflect the views or policies of the National Park Service, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute National Park Service endorsement or recommendation. Alaska Park Science is found online at https://www.nps.gov/subjects/alaskaparkscience/index.htm Table of Contents Below the Surface: Fish and Our Changing Environmental DNA: An Emerging Tool for Permafrost Carbon in Stream Food Webs of Underwater World Understanding Aquatic Biodiversity Arctic Alaska C. -
Newsletters and Other Draft Nations, the Public and Provincial Organizations and Material
SSttiikkiinnee CCoouunnttrryy PPrrootteecctteedd AArreeaass NNeewwsslleetttteerr NNuummbbeerr11 Volume 1 February 2000 Management Planning is commencing for Stikine Country Protected Areas You are urged to become involved and provide your advice. Skeena District Parks Involved Spatsizi Plateau Wilderness Park Mt. Edziza Provincial Park Tatlatui Provincial Park Stikine River Recreation Area Mt. Edziza Recreation Area Kinaskan Lake Provincial Park Gladys Lake Ecological Reserve “The Stikine River Recreation Area near Highway 37.” Background Stikine Country contains some of the most outstanding protected areas in British Columbia. They lie within the traditional territory of the Tahltan First Nations. Each of these protected areas is important in its own right, and together they protect provincial and international values for future generations. These include: Ä largely intact predator/prey ecosystems Ä provincially important populations of caribou, mountain sheep, mountain goats, grizzly bears and wolf Ä spectacular mountain, plateau, river and volcanic landscapes Ä important archaeological sites, cultural and heritage values and activities of the Tahltan First Nations Ä internationally significant wilderness recreation and tourism activities such as nature appreciation, rafting, canoeing, hiking, hunting, angling and horseback riding Planning is proposed to begin shortly and to be completed by the fall of 2001. A systems approach to planning is being undertaken in recognition of the ecosystem connectivity and related issues among this -
Herent and Collective Aboriginal Title and Rights Shared by All Tahltan People
BACKGROUNDER Information about the Conservancy, Park and Partners History on the conservancy: The Cassiar Iskut-Stikine Land and Resource Management Plan (LRMP), which was developed in 2000 and encompasses 5.2 million hectares, recommended the establishment of several new protected areas in northwestern B.C. The LRMP also recommended that if the mineral tenures in an area next to Mount Edziza Provincial Park became inactive, the area should be added to the park. Rather than adding the Ice Mountain area to the existing Mount Edziza Park, recent government-to- government discussions with the Tahltan recommended the area be designated as a conservancy. Conservancies are established to explicitly recognize the importance of an area to First Nations for social, ceremonial and cultural uses. They also enable the continuation of traditional Aboriginal uses and provide flexibility to ensure opportunities for low impact, compatible economic activities. The first conservancies in B.C. were designated in 2006 following government-to-government negotiations with First Nations on land use plans for the central and north coast. Mount Edziza Provincial Park: Mount Edziza Provincial Park was established in 1972 and spans more than 230,000 hectares of the Tahltan Highlands. The remote park, which can only be accessed by trails or a float plane, showcases a spectacular volcanic landscape that includes lava flows, basalt plateaus, cinder fields and cinder cones. The Mount Edziza area has been a major source of obsidian for Indigenous people for the last 9,000 to 10,000 years and is highly valued by the Tahltan people. Obsidian is a volcanic glass-like rock that has many uses including arrowheads and various types of knives. -
The Tuya-Teslin Areal Northern British Columbia
BRITISH COLUMBIA DEPARTMENT OF MINES HON. E. C. CARSON, Minister JOHN F. WALKER, Dopulu Minis/#, BULLETIN No. 19 THE TUYA-TESLIN AREAL NORTHERN BRITISH COLUMBIA by K. DeP. WATSON and W. H.MATHEWS 1944 CONTENTS. P*GS SUMMARY.................................................................................................................................... 5 CHAPTER I.-Introduction ....................................................................................................... 6 Location............................................................................................................................. 6 Access................................................................................................................................. 7 Field-work .......................................................................................................................... 7 Acknowledgments ............................................................................................................. 7 Previous Work.................................................................................................................. 8 CHAPTER11.- I Topography ........................................................................................................................ 9 Kawdy Plateau.......................................................................................................... 9 Trenches ...................................................................................................................... 9 Teslin -
RECORD of JÖKULHLAUPS at TULSEQUAH and SALMON GLACIERS, NORTHWESTERN BRITISH COLUMBIA Marten Geertsema, BC Forest Service, Prince George, BC John J
RECORD OF JÖKULHLAUPS AT TULSEQUAH AND SALMON GLACIERS, NORTHWESTERN BRITISH COLUMBIA Marten Geertsema, BC Forest Service, Prince George, BC John J. Clague, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC Abstract Jökulhlaups (glacial outburst floods) from lakes dammed by Tulsequah and Salmon glaciers, northwestern British Columbia, have occurred periodically since the early and middle twentieth century, respectively. The floods commenced after decades of substantial downwasting and retreat of the glaciers from their Little Ice Age maximum positions. We use hydrometric data and other records to reconstruct the times and peak discharges of the floods. Tulsequah Lake, which is dammed by Tulsequah Glacier, and Summit Lake, dammed by Salmon Glacier, initially grew in surface area and volume, but, with continued glacier retreat, they have gradually decreased in size. The first jökulhlaups from these lakes were the largest, and discharges decreased as the lakes diminished in size. Tulsequah Glacier impounds two lakes that have developed at different times as the glacier retreated. Tulsequah Lake formed and began to produce outburst floods approximately a half century before Lake No Lake. Today, Tulsequah Lake is much smaller in size, and produces much smaller floods, than Lake No Lake. As glaciers in northwestern B.C. continue to shrink in response to climate warming, additional glacier-dammed lakes may form. Thus, the hazard of catastrophic outburst floods is expected to continue. Résumé Des jökulhlaups (inondations catastrophiques) résultant de l’effondrement de barrages glaciaires formés par les glaciers Tulsequah et Salmon, situés au nord-ouest de la Colombie-Britannique, se sont produits périodiquement au début et au milieu du vingtième siècle, respectivement. -
Guide to The
DEASE TELEGRAPH LAKE CREEK ISKUT Bob 1. Regional District of Kitimat-Stikine Quinn Lake BRITISH Suite 300, 4545 Lazelle Avenue COLUMBIA Guide to the Terrace, BC, V8G 4E1 Meziadin Junction Stewart 250-615-6100 Cranberry Junction Nass Camp New Aiyansh Hazelton www.rdks.bc.ca Gitwinksihlkw Kitwanga Greenville Rosswood Smithers Terrace Prince Rupert 2. Northern Health Houston Kitimat Prince Suite 600, 299 Victoria Street George STIKINE Prince George, BC, V2L 5B8 250-565-2649 www.northernhealth.ca 3. School District 87 PO Box 190, Lot 5 Commercial Drive Dease Lake, BC, V0C 1L0 250-771-4440 Vancouver www.sd87.bc.ca 4. Tahltan Central Government PO Box 69, Tatl’ah Dease Lake, BC, V0C 1L0 250-771-3274 www.tahltan.org 5. Northern Lights College PO Box 220, Lot 10 Commercial Drive Dease Lake, BC, V0C 1L0 250-771-5500 www.nlc.bc.ca Produced by the Regional District of Kitimat-Stikine COMUNITY CONTACTS in collaboration with the Tahltan Central Government. 2016 Overview TOP EVENTS Located in the picturesque northwest BC, the Stikine region is home to several communities rich in Talhtan First Nations history including Dease Lake, Telegraph Creek, and Iskut. Just 236 kilometers south of the Yukon border, Dease Lake offers access to some 1 Dease Lake Fish Derby – “BC’s Largest Northern Lake Trout Derby” of Canada’s largest natural parks, Spatsizi Wilderness Park and Mount Edziza Park. Discover remote wilderness in the Stikine region 2 4on4 Industry Hockey Tournament with endless recreation opportunities from guided horseback riding in the summer months to cross country skiing in the winter. -
An#Integrated#Assessment#Of#The#Cumulative#Impacts#Of#Climate# Change'and'industrial'development'on'salmon'in'western'bc!! Stiki
An#integrated#assessment#of#the#cumulative#impacts#of#climate# change'and'industrial'development'on'salmon'in'Western'BC!! Stikine and Upper Nass Current Social-Ecological Conditions Summary Prepared by: Christina Melymick, Consultant April 2013 The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the author and should not be interpreted as representing the opinions of the Bulkley Valley Research Centre or the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. [email protected] • Box 4274 Smithers, BC V0J 2N0 Canada An#integrated#assessment#of#the#cumulative#impacts#of#climate#change#and#industrial#development#on#salmon#in#Western#BC#! Acknowledgements Thank you to the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation for supporting this project. Thank you to Jim Pojar for his expansive knowledge and expertise, and for adding to the stack of resources used during research. Thank you to Dave Bustard for taking time from a busy schedule to lend his extensive local knowledge and expertise. Thank you to John Kelson for his eulachon knowledge. Thank you to Richard Overstall for his knowledge and support. Thank you to Rick Budhwa for his support and contribution to the cultural aspects of this report. Thank you to Johanna Pfalz for her support and for providing all the relevant maps. Thank you to Ken Rabnett for support, his breadth of knowledge on the study area. Thank you to Don Morgan for the opportunity to carry out the research and produce this report, and for constant patience, guidance and support through the course of completing this report. Credits Don -
Early Paleozoic Post-Breakup Magmatism Along the Cordilleran Margin of Western North America: New Zircon U-Pb Age And
Research Paper GEOSPHERE Early Paleozoic post-breakup magmatism along the Cordilleran margin of western North America: New zircon U-Pb age and GEOSPHERE, v. 15, no. 4 whole-rock Nd- and Hf-isotope and lithogeochemical results from https://doi.org/10.1130/GES02044.1 the Kechika group, Yukon, Canada 16 figures; 1 set of supplemental files Roderick W. Campbell1, Luke P. Beranek1, Stephen J. Piercey1, and Richard Friedman2 1 CORRESPONDENCE: [email protected] Department of Earth Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 9 Arctic Avenue, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, A1B 3X5 Canada 2Pacific Centre for Isotopic and Geochemical Research, University of British Columbia, 2207 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4 Canada CITATION: Campbell, R.W., Beranek, L.P., Piercey, S.J., and Friedman, R., 2019, Early Paleozoic post- breakup magmatism along the Cordilleran margin of ■ ABSTRACT et al., 2002; Li et al., 2008; Macdonald et al., 2012). Despite several decades of western North America: New zircon U-Pb age and research on Cordilleran margin development, there remain many open questions whole-rock Nd- and Hf-isotope and litho geo chemical results from the Kechika group, Yukon, Canada: Geo- Post-breakup magmatic rocks are recognized features of modern and an- about the precise age and paleogeographic setting of Neo protero zoic to lower sphere, v. 15, no. 4, p. 1262–1290, https://doi.org cient passive margin successions around the globe, but their timing and sig- Paleozoic rift-related rock units that crop out in the western United States and /10.1130 /GES02044.1. nificance to non-plume-related rift evolution is generally uncertain.