Langeberg Municipality 2017
LANGEBERG: AT A GLANCE
1. DEMOGRAPHICS 2
2. EDUCATION 2
3. HEALTH 2
4. POVERTY 2
5. BASIC SERVICE DELIVERY 2
6. SAFETY AND SECURITY 2
7. THE ECONOMY 2
8. INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT 2
SOURCES 36
Langeberg: At a Glance
Population Estimates, 2018; Actual households, 2016
104 289 28 401
2016 2016
Matric Pass Rate 85.7% Gini Coefficient 0.58 Learner-Teacher Ratio 40.5 Human Development Index 0.67 Gr 12 Drop-out Rate 46.8%
2016
13 53.2% 0 11.5%
Percentage change between 2016 and 2017 in number of reported cases per 100 000
1.7% -1.6% 15.8% -9.3% -9.4
Percentage of households with access to basic services, 2016
98.3% 79.3% 92.6% 94.7% 89.3%
2016 2016
Drought 31 Unemployment Rate Financial Sustainability (Grant dependency)
41 7.9% Stagnating Economic Growth
Contribution to GDP, 2015
Wholesale and retail trade, Finance, insurance, real estate & Manufacturing catering and accommodation business
19.2% 18.2% 16.2%
1
DEMOGRAPHICS
This first chapter of the SEP focusses on the people living in Langeberg area. A demographic perspective on a municipality allows to observe not only simple changes in population growth, but also to look at other various developments that influence the social life of every citizen. Demographics allow to emphasise aspects of society like, e.g. gender, race, migration or life expectancy. Decisions made by politicians as well as by the administration affect in almost every case at least one aspect of Demographics. Therefore, a good understanding of this area is crucial for the government’s work.
The overview of key demographic factors given in this chapter comprises of the estimates of population size, the distribution of population within age cohorts and furthermore the dependency ratio, which is of high importance for understanding economic activity in the area as well as for planning welfare systems. With this short, but informative overview, the SEP tries to help the municipalities in their budgeting process by delivering precise data as a solid foundation for future decisions.
Data source: Department of Social Development, 2017
1 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Langeberg Municipality
POPULATION
350 000
300 000
250 000
200 000
150 000
100 000
50 000
0 Breede Valley Drakenstein Langeberg Stellenbosch Witzenberg 2018 179 550 273 066 104 289 176 523 130 607 2019 181 259 275 980 105 159 179 463 132 542 2020 182 941 278 791 106 013 182 372 134 444 2021 184 576 281 498 106 862 185 216 136 295 2022 186 182 284 087 107 708 187 983 138 107 2023 187 723 286 563 108 539 190 680 139 872
In 2018, Langeberg will have an estimated population of 104 289, after five years this population is estimated to be 108 539. This equates an estimated growing rate in this time span of 4.07 per cent. The estimated population growth rate of Langeberg is therefore 1.64 percentage points lower than the estimated population growth of its district Cape Winelands which is 5.7 per cent. AGE COHORTS
Children: Working Age: Aged: Dependency Year 0 – 14 Years 15 – 65 Years 65 + Ratio
2011 27 759 64 029 5 939 52.6
2018 27 724 69 120 7 442 50.9
2023 27 475 72 433 8 632 49.8
The above table depicts the population composition regarding age cohorts. The total population is broken down into three different groups: Age 0 - 14: children; Age 15 - 65: working age population; Age 65+: seniors. A comparison with the base year (2011) and the estimated numbers for 2023 show a growth in the percentage of seniors and working age population but a decline in the percentage of children.
This is an important factor in the calculation of the dependency ratio. In Langeberg, this ratio was 52.6 in 2011 and will decrease to an estimated 49.8 in 2023. This ratio expresses the dependency of people who are part of the workforce (age 15 - 65) and those, who are depending on them (children and seniors). A higher dependency ratio means a higher pressure on social systems and the delivery of basic services.
2 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Langeberg Municipality
2
EDUCATION
Education and training improves access to employment opportunities and helps to sustain and accelerate overall development. It expands the range of options available from which a person can choose to create opportunities for a fulfilling life. Through indirect positive effects on health and life expectancy, the level of education of a population also influences its welfare.
Data source: Western Cape Education Department, 2017
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LEARNER ENROLMENT
50 000 45 000 40 000 35 000 30 000 25 000 20 000 15 000 10 000 5 000 0 Drakenstein Langeberg Stellenbosch Witzenberg Breede Valley 2014 46 474 17 226 25 274 18 038 32 076 2015 46 988 17 499 26 129 18 181 32 466 2016 47 601 17 838 26 085 18 048 32 558
Learner enrolment in Langeberg increased at an annual average growth rate of 3.55 per cent between 2014 and 2016, which is an indication that access to education has improved within the Langberg municipal area. LEARNER-TEACHER RATIO
The learner-teacher ratio in Langeberg increased from 29.4 in 2014 to 39.3 in 2015 and up to 40.5 in 2016, which could in future affect learner performance within the Langeberg municipal area. Factors influencing the learner-teacher ratio is the ability of schools to employ more educators when needed and the ability to collect fees.
GRADE 12 DROP-OUT RATES
The high school drop-out rate for the City of Cape Town increased from 38.7 per cent in 2015 to 46.8 per cent in 2016 meaning that 46.8 per cent of all learners that enrolled in Grade 10 within Langeberg in 2014 dropped out of school by the time they reached Grade 12 in 2016.
These high levels of drop-outs are influenced by a wide array of economic factors including unemployment, poverty, indigent households, high levels of households with no income and teenage pregnancies.
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EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES
The availability of adequate education facilities such as schools, FET colleges and schools equipped with libraries and media centres could affect academic outcomes positively.
60
50
40
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20
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0 Number of Schools with Libraries Total Number of Schools 2014 17 55 2015 21 55 2016 21 55
Langeberg had 55 schools in 2016. Given the tough economic climate, schools have been reporting an increase in parents being unable to pay their school fees. However, the proportion of no-fee schools deteriorated slightly from 80.3 per cent in 2014 to 80.3 per cent in 2016. This could in future further increase the drop-out rate. The number of schools equipped with libraries increased from 17 to 21 between 2014 and 2015 but subsequently remained unchanged.
100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Breede Valley Drakenstein Langeberg Stellenbosch Witzenberg 2014 80.4% 67.7% 87.3% 65.0% 84.9% 2015 80.4% 67.7% 87.3% 65.0% 84.9% 2016 77.6% 67.7% 87.3% 64.1% 83.3%
The proportion of no-fee schools within Langeberg municipal area remained unchanged at 87.3 per cent between 2014 and 2016.
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EDUCATION OUTCOMES
Education remains one of the key avenues through which the state is involved in the economy. In preparing individuals for future engagements in the broader market, policy decisions and choices in the sphere of education play a critical role in determining the extent to which future economy and poverty reduction plans can be realised. This section measures the matric pass rate within the Langeberg municipal area.
100.00% 90.00% 80.00% 70.00% 60.00% 50.00% 40.00% 30.00% 20.00% 10.00% 0.00% Drakenstein Langeberg Stellenbosch Witzenberg Breede Valley 2014 83.80% 84.20% 87.20% 75.10% 82.10% 2015 86.70% 84.50% 85.60% 72.50% 82.40% 2016 86.70% 85.70% 86.90% 74.50% 84.20%
Langeberg matric pass rate remained around 84.0 per cent between 2014 and 2015. However, in 2016 the matric pass increased to 85.7, which could improve access for learners to higher education to broaden their opportunities.
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3
HEALTH
Health is another major factor contributing to the general quality of life in Langeberg. It is therefore important to monitor the public health facilities as well as a variety of factors as diseases like HIV or TB and general topics that affect the community, like maternal health. This Socio-economic Profile provides the basic statistics concerning those issues. Since this profile focusses on the public health facilities, private facilities do not appear in it.
Data source: Department of Health, 2017
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HEALTHCARE FACILITIES
All citizens’ right to access to healthcare services are directly affected by the number and spread of facilities within their geographical reach. South Africa’s healthcare system is geared in such a way that people have to move from primary, with a referral system, to secondary and tertiary levels.
20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Number of PHC Total number of Number of ART Clinics - Number of PHC Number of TB PHC facilities Number of clinics/ non-fixed Clinics - clinics/ (Fixed Clinics, district hospitals treatment sites (mobiles/ Fixed treatment sites CHCs and satelite) CDCs) 2014 7 2 6 7 14 13 2015 7 2 6 7 19 13 2016 7 2 6 7 19 13
In total, Langeberg has 13 public healthcare clinics (PHC) in 2016, which comprise of 7 fixed PHC clinics and 6 mobile PHC clinics to serve the community. The Langeberg community also has access to 2 district hospitals, but no community day centres or community health centres. EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES
Access to emergency medical services is critical for rural citizens due to rural distances between towns and health facilities being much greater than in the urban areas. Combined with the relatively lower population per square kilometre in rural areas, ambulance coverage is greater in rural areas in order to maintain adequate coverage for rural communities.
A bigger number of operational ambulances can provide a greater coverage of emergency medical services. Langeberg with 0.7 ambulance per 10 000 inhabitants in 2016, is less than 0.4 ambulances per 10 000 of Cape Winelands District.
8 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Langeberg Municipality
HIV/AIDS
HIV/AIDS management is crucial given its implications for
the labour force and the demand for healthcare services.
Registered patients Number of new ART HIV Transmission Rate receiving ART patients Area 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016
Langeberg 1 858 2 160 2 578 351 372 466 0.0 4.3 1.8
Cape Winelands 19 615 23 172 27 162 4 595 5 195 5 097 1.7 1.7 1.5 District
Langeberg is seeing a steady rise in patients receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART) over the past three years. Patients receiving antiretroviral treatment increased by 418 between 2015 and 2016. The 2 578 patients receiving antiretroviral treatment in 2016 are treated in seven clinics or treatment sites. This equals a ratio of 368 patients per treatment site or clinic. A total of 27 162 registered patients received antiretroviral treatment in Cape Winelands District in 2016.
The number of new antiretroviral patients increases from 351 in 2014 to 466 in 2016.
HIV transmission rate for the Langeberg area increased dramatically from zero in 2014 to 4.3 in 2015, before improving to 1.8 in 2016. This is nonetheless still higher than the Cape Winelands District transmission rate of 1.5 per cent. TUBERCULOSIS
1 020 1 012 1 010 1 003 1 000 2014 990 983 2015 980 2016 970 960 Langeberg Number of TB patients
In addition to the rising numbers of HIV/AIDS cases, Langeberg experiences a decline in tuberculosis (TB) cases. In 2016, Langeberg had a total of 983 TB patients compared to 1 003 in 2015 and 1 012 in 2014.
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CHILD HEALTH
Cape Health Indicator Langeberg Winelands
Immunisation 53.2% 69.2%
Malnutrition 2.8 3.9
Neonatal mortality rate 9.5 5.2
Low birth weight 18.0% 14.0%
The Department of Health strongly advises mothers to protect their children from infectious diseases by getting them vaccinated from birth to when they are 12 years old. Vaccination is free of charge at all health facilities. The Department also runs immunisation campaigns and health workers are sent to nursery schools and crèches to immunise the children.
Immunisation rate in Langeberg municipal area has declined significantly from 75.8 per cent in 2015 to 53.2 per cent in 2016. The malnutrition rate in Langeberg halved from 5.5 per cent in 2015 to 2.8 per cent in 2016.
Neonatal mortality rate (NMR) in the Langeberg municipal area has shown an increase from 8.3 per 1 000 live births in 2015 to 9.5 deaths per 1 000 live births in 2016. A rise in the NMR may indicate deterioration in new-born health outcomes.
The low birth weight indicator remained unchanged at 18.0 per cent between 2015 and 2016.
DEFINITIONS
Immunisation: The immunisation rate is calculated as the number of children immunised as a percentage of the total number of children less than one year of age. Immunisation protects both adults and children against preventable infectious diseases. Low immunisation
rates speak to the need for parents to understand the critical importance of immunisation, as well as the need to encourage parents to have their young children immunised.
Malnutrition: Expressed as the number of malnourished children under five years per 100 000 people. Malnutrition (either under- or over-nutrition) refers to the condition whereby an individual does not receive adequate amounts or receives excessive amounts of nutrients.
Neonatal mortality rate: Measured as the number of neonates dying before reaching 28 days of age, per 1 000 live births in a given year. The first 28 days of life (neonatal period) represent the most vulnerable time for a child’s survival. The Province’s target for 2019 is 6.0 per 1 000 live births.
Low birth weight: Percentage of all babies born in facility that weighed less than 2 500 g. Low birth weight is associated with a range of both short- and long-term consequences.
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MATERNAL HEALTH
Cape Health Indicator Langeberg Winelands
Maternal Mortality Ratio 0.0% 0.1%
Delivery Rate to Women 11.5% 6.6% under 18 years
Termination of Pregnancy Rate 0.2% 0.7%
Maternal mortality ratio: The maternal mortality rate in Langeberg dipped to zero per cent in 2016 from 0.1 in 2015. The District’s mortality ratio is above the Langeberg’s average of zero.
Births to teenage mothers: The delivery rate to women under 18 years increased from was 8.3 per cent to 11.5 per cent from 2015 to 2016 within the Langeberg municipal area. At 11.5 per cent, Langeberg’s rate is higher than the District rate of 6.6 per cent.
Termination of pregnancy: The termination of pregnancy rate in Langeberg remained flat at 0.2 per cent per 1 000 live births in 2015 and 2016 and is lower than the District’s average of 0.7 per cent.
DEFINITIONS
Maternal health refers to the health of women during pregnancy, childbirth and the
postpartum period.
Maternal mortality rate: Maternal deaths per 100 000 live births in health facilities. Maternal death is death occurring during pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of the duration and site of pregnancy and irrespective of the cause of death (obstetric and non-obstetric).
Births to teenage mothers: Percentage of babies born to mothers under the age of 18 years. Teenage pregnancy is almost always unplanned; as a result, when young parents are placed in a position to care for their children, life can become particularly tough, especially if they do not have family or social support.
Termination of pregnancy: The percentage of terminations as a proportion of the female population aged 15 to 44 years. Government hospitals, designated private doctors and gynaecologists, and non-profit providers offer safe and legal termination of pregnancy. To have a free abortion, the request must be made at a primary healthcare clinic, where the pregnancy will be confirmed, counselling provided, an appointment made, and a referral letter be given to a facility where the procedure can be performed.
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POVERTY
This section shows living conditions and economic circumstances of households in the Langeberg municipal area based on most recent data including Statistics South Africa’s Non-Financial Census of Municipalities 2016 and Quantec. Economic theory suggests that when an economy prospers its households are expected to enjoy a good standard of living. On the contrary, a declining economy tends to lower the standards of living of people. This section uses indicators in terms of GDP per capita, income inequality, human development, as well as indigent households and free basic services to show the current reality of households residing in the Langeberg municipal area.
The deteriorating financial health of households and individuals under the weight of economic pressures, specifically between 2011 and 2015, has resulted in an increase in the poverty levels, according to the Poverty Trends in South Africa report released by Statistics South Africa in 2017. The report cites rising unemployment levels, low commodity prices, higher consumer prices, lower investment levels, household dependency on credit, and policy uncertainty as the key contributors to the economic decline in recent times. These recent findings indicate that the country will have to reduce poverty at a faster rate than previously planned.
According to the report the categories of people vulnerable to poverty remained to be African females, children 17 years and younger, people from rural areas, and those with no education. Inflation-adjusted poverty lines show that food poverty increased from R219 in 2006 to R531 per person per month in 2017. The lower-bound poverty line has increased from R370 in 2006 to R758 per person per month in 2017 while the upper-bound poverty line has increased from R575 in 2006 to R1 138 per person per month in 2017.
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GDPR PER CAPITA An increase in real GDPR per capita, i.e. GDPR per person, is experienced only if the real economic growth rate exceeds the population growth rate. Even though real GDP per capita reflects changes in the overall well-being of the population, not everyone within an economy will earn the same amount of money as estimated by the real GDPR per capita indicator.
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GDPR per capita per GDPR 10 000
0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Langeberg 33 807 34 206 36 065 38 951 37 675 38 240 38 907 39 356 39 584 40 422 39 621 39 237 Cape Winelands District 43 830 44 634 47 014 49 988 48 374 48 784 49 682 50 241 50 709 51 591 50 838 50 239 Western Cape 54 363 56 550 59 251 60 656 58 845 59 197 60 423 61 095 61 648 61 935 61 794 61 199
Source: Stats SA 2017, own calculations
At 39 237 in 2016, Langeberg’s real GDP per capita is well below that of Cape Winelands District as well as the Western Cape. INCOME INEQUALITY
The National Development Plan has set a target of reducing income inequality in South Africa from a Gini coefficient of 0.7 in 2010 to 0.6 by 2030. Income inequality has increased between 2010 and 2016 with the exception of 2011 and 2015, when it fell to 0.56.
0.62
0.60
0.58
0.56
0.54
0.52
0.50 Langeberg Cape Winelands Western Cape 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
On a positive note, income inequality levels in Langeberg are overall lower than in the Cape Winelands District and the Western Cape. The Gini coefficient for Langeberg was 0.58 in 2016 compared to 0.59 for the Cape Winelands District.
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HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
The United Nations uses the Human Development Index (HDI)1 to assess the relative level of socio-economic development in countries. Indicators that measure human development are education, housing, access to basic services and health.
0.74
0.72
0.70
0.68
0.66
0.64
0.62
0.60
0.58
0.56
0.54 Langeberg Cape Winelands Western Cape
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
There has been a general increase in the HDI in Langeberg, Cape Winelands and the whole of the Western Cape between 2011 and 2016, with the exception of a drop in HDI levels for the Western Cape in 2016. Langeberg’s HDI was 0.67 in 2016. INDIGENT HOUSEHOLDS The objective of the indigent policies of municipalities is to alleviate poverty in economically disadvantaged communities.
Area 2014 2015 2016
Langeberg 7 327 7 023 7 265 Cape Winelands District 33 406 34 704 42 756 Western Cape 404 413 505 585 516 321
Source: Department of Local Government, 2017
After dropping in 2015, the Langeberg municipal area again experienced a rise in the number of indigents between 2015 and 2016, implying increased burden on municipal financial resources. The overall number of indigent households have increased in the Cape Winelands District as well as the Western Cape.
1 The HDI is a composite indicator reflecting education levels, health, and income. It is a measure of peoples' ability to live a long and healthy life, to communicate, participate in the community and to have sufficient means to be able to afford a decent living. The HDI is represented by a number between 0 and 1, where 1 indicates a high level of human development and 0 represents no human development.
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BASIC SERVICE DELIVERY
The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa states that every citizen has the right to access to adequate housing and that the state must take reasonable legislative and other measures within its available resources to achieve the progressive realisation of this right. Access to housing also includes access to services such as potable water, basic sanitation, safe energy sources and refuse removal services, to ensure that households enjoy a decent standard of living.
This section reflects on housing and basic services access levels (Census 2011) and the incremental progress municipalities have made hereto within the last 5 years (Community Survey 2016).
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HOUSEHOLDS
In order to ensure basic service delivery to all, municipal budget allocations should be informed by credible and accurate assumptions regarding the number of households within a municipal area.
Access to formal housing and services in Langeberg is measured against a total number of households of 25 125 in 2011 and 28 401 in 2016.
Average Average annual Area 2011 2016 annual growth increase 2011 - 2016 Langeberg 25 125 28 401 655 2.5% Cape Winelands District 198 265 236 006 7 548 3.5%
ACCESS TO HOUSING
SERVICE STANDARD DEFINITION: Households with access to a formal dwelling.
Average Average Total annual annual Area 2011 2016 increase increase growth 2011 - 2016 2011 - 2016 2011 - 2016 Langeberg 90.7% 89.3% 2 572 514 2.2% Cape Winelands District 82.3% 81.0% 27 999 5 600 3.2%
The number of formal dwellings in Langeberg increased by 2 572 between 2011 and 2016, at an average annual rate of 2.2 per cent, which translates into approximately 514 additional formal dwellings per year over this period. This increase in formal dwellings was however unable to keep pace with the growth in the total number of households, resulting in the proportion of formal households declining marginally from 90.7 per cent in 2011 to 89.3 per cent in 2016.
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ACCESS TO WATER
Given the Western Cape’s current drought situation, great focus is currently placed on water availability and supply. This goes hand in hand with due consideration for water quality. Access to safe potable water is essential to prevent the contraction and spread of diseases and maintaining a healthy life.
SERVICE STANDARD DEFINITION: Households with access to piped water inside the dwelling or yard or within 200 metres from the yard.
Average Average Total annual annual Area 2011 2016 increase increase growth 2011 - 2016 2011 - 2016 2011 - 2016 Langeberg 99.4% 98.3% 2 944 589 2.3% Cape Winelands District 99.2% 98.6% 36 002 7 200 3.4%
Although more households in Langeberg gained access to piped water (to within 200 metres of the yard) at an annual rate of approximately 589 households per annum between 2011 and 2016, the proportion of households with access declined over this period from 99.4 per cent in 2011 to 98.3 per cent in 2016. This again indicating that access to piped water was unable to keep pace with the growth in the total number of households.
ACCESS TO SANITATION
Access to sanitation promotes health and dignity through the provision of safe disposal and treatment of human waste. Where sanitation systems are inadequate, negative health effects can be extremely serious. The current drought highlights challenges in the use of potable water within the sanitation services process.
SERVICE STANDARD DEFINITION: Households with access to a flush or chemical toilet connected to the sewerage system.
Average Average Total annual annual Area 2011 2016 increase increase growth 2011 - 2016 2011 - 2016 2011 - 2016 Langeberg 89.3% 94.7% 4 451 890 3.7% Cape Winelands District 91.5% 96.9% 47 232 9 446 4.7%
Langeberg experienced significant progress in household access to sanitation services as the proportion of households with access to acceptable standards of sanitation services increased from 89.3 per cent in 2011 to 94.7 per cent in 2016. The Municipality was able to provide an additional 890 households with access annually; access growing at an average annual rate of 3.7 per cent.
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ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY
Energy is essential for human life; generally identified household uses include energy for cooking, heating and lighting. Energy sources also have usage risks; for example, health and safety risks especially in the use of paraffin and open flame usage. The information below relates to the use of electricity for lighting purposes.
SERVICE STANDARD DEFINITION: Households with access to electricity as the primary source of lighting.
Average Average Total annual annual Area 2011 2016 increase increase growth 2011 - 2016 2011 - 2016 2011 - 2016 Langeberg 94.2% 92.6% 2 623 525 2.1% Cape Winelands District 92.8% 92.6% 34 507 6 901 3.5%
Although more households in Langeberg gained access to electricity at an annual rate of approximately 525 households per annum between 2011 and 2016, the proportion of households with access declined over this period from 94.2 per cent in 2011 to 92.6 per cent in 2016. This indicates that access to electricity was unable to keep pace with the growth in the total number of households. Not all of these households are however necessarily connected to a legal electricity connection. Several households participating in the 2016 Community Survey indicated that they are connected to an “other” source. ACCESS TO REFUSE REMOVAL
Refuse removal is an essential service that ensures that health related problems are kept at bay. A lack of or inadequate service is likely to result in uncontrolled and unregulated dumping. There are growing concerns around the land and environmental limitations in the creation and lifespan of landfill sites. This would benefit greatly from the ‘reduce – reuse – recycle’ approach, that firstly encourages non-wasteful consumption practices (reduce), the reuse of products where possible (reuse) and the recycling of the product where its use in current form has been exhausted (recycle).
SERVICE STANDARD DEFINITION: Households who have waste removed by local authorities at least weekly.
Average Average Total annual annual Area 2011 2016 increase increase growth 2011 - 2016 2011 - 2016 2011 - 2016 Langeberg 71.7% 79.3% 4 517 903 4.6% Cape Winelands District 79.9% 81.8% 34 548 6 910 4.0%
Langeberg experienced significant progress in household access to refuse removal with the proportion of households with access to refuse removal increasing from 71.7 per cent in 2011 to 79.3 per cent in 2016. The Municipality was able to provide an additional 903 households with access annually; at an average annual rate of 4.6 per cent.
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6
SAFETY AND SECURITY
The Constitution upholds the notion that everybody has the right to freedom and security of the person. The safety of persons and property is therefore vitally important to the physical and emotional well-being of people and business. Without the respect of person and property, it would be impossible for people to live peacefully, without fear of attack and for businesses to flourish.
The extent of crime in South Africa does however not only have a significant impact on the livelihood of citizens, but also affects the general economy. Crime hampers growth and discourages investment and capital accumulation. If not addressed with seriousness, it has the potential to derail both social and economic prosperity.
People’s general impressions, as well as official statistics on safety and crime issues, mould perceptions of areas as living spaces or places in which to establish businesses. The discussion in this section that follows is limited to the reported contact and property-related crime such as murder and sexual crimes, as well as crime heavily dependent on police action for detecting drug-related crimes and driving under the influence of alcohol/drugs.
Note: Percentage change calculation will differ from the actuals reflected due to rounding down to per 100 000 population.
Data source: The data depicted in the following section was sourced from the 2017 Crime Statistics released by the South African Police Service (SAPS) in October 2017. Incidences of crime per 100 000 were calculated using actual crime and estimated population figures provided by SAPS. Also note that although the crime data contained in the following section is for ease of reference depicted as a single calendar year, it is in actual fact referring to criminal activity within a financial year i.e. incidences of murder for 2016 is referring to occurrences within the period April 2016 to March 2017.
The information relating to fatal crashes and crash fatalities were sourced from the Department of Transport and Public Works.
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MURDER
Area 2016 2017 % Change
Langeberg 31 28 -9.3 (per 100 000)
Cape Winelands District 33 41 23.0 (per 100 000)
Definition: Murder is a social contact crime resulting in the loss of life of the victim, but excludes cases where the loss of life occurred as a result of a response to a crime, for example self-defence.
Crime remains a prominent issue in South Africa at a high socio-economic cost. Overall, the country has a very high rate of murder when compared to most countries.
Within the Langeberg area, the murder rate (per 100 000 population) declined by 9.3 per cent from 31 in 2016 to 28 in 2017, whereas the murder rate within the Cape Winelands District increased alarmingly by 23.0 per cent from 33 in 2016 to 41 in 2017. The murder rate in Langeberg remains below the District average. SEXUAL OFFENCES
Area 2016 2017 % Change
Langeberg 88 79 -9.4 (per 100 000) Cape Winelands District 117 111 -5.6 (per 100 000)
Definition: Sexual offences includes rape (updated to the new definition of rape to provide for the inclusion of male rape), sex work, pornography, public indecency and human trafficking.
The rate of sexual violence in South Africa is amongst the highest in the world. In addition, a number of sexual offence incidences often go unreported (as in the case of rape).
In 2017, there were 79 sexual crimes (per 100 000 people) recorded in Langeberg compared with 88 the previous year which equates to a reduction of 9.4 per cent. In turn, the sexual crimes rate declined by 5.6 per cent from 117 in 2016 to 111 in 2017 across the Cape Winelands District. The sexual related crimes in the Langeberg area remains below the District average of 111.
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DRUG-RELATED CRIMES
Area 2016 2017 % Change
Langeberg 1 183 1 370 15.8 (per 100 000)
Cape Winelands District 1 395 1 624 16.5 (per 100 000)
Definition: Drug-related crimes refers to the situation where the perpetrator is found to be in possession of, under the influence of, or selling illegal drugs. This is a crime detected through police activity rather than reports by members of the public. An increase in crimes of this nature may therefore reflect an increase in police. Drug-related crimes have a negative impact on human development by degrading the quality of life as it infiltrates all aspects of society including families, health, the work environment and the economy. Drug-related crimes within the Langeberg area shows a sharp increase in 2017, up by 15.8 per cent from 1 183 cases in 2016 to 1 370 cases in 2017 (per 100 000 population). The Cape Winelands Districts trend is also on an increasing trajectory, with drug-related crimes increasing by 16.5 per cent from 1 395 in 2016 to 1 624 in 2017 (per 100 000 population). DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE
Area 2016 2017 % Change
Langeberg 128 126 -1.6 (per 100 000)
Cape Winelands District 105 106 0.5 (per 100 000)
Definition: DUI refers to a situation where the driver of a vehicle is found to be over the legal blood alcohol limit. This is a crime detected through police activity rather than reports by members of the public.
Despite concerted efforts by government our roads are still considered amongst the most dangerous in the world. Reckless driving and alcohol consumption remain the top reason for road accidents.
The number of cases of driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs in the Langeberg area declined by 1.6 per cent from 128 in 2016 to 126 in 2017 (per 100 000 population). In the Cape Winelands District area, the number of cases increased marginally by 0.5 per cent from 105 in 2016 to 106 in 2017 (per 100 000 population). In this instance, Langeberg’s cases of driving under the influence of drugs and alcohol is above that of the District.
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RESIDENTIAL BURGLARIES
Area 2016 2017 % Change
Langeberg 643 655 1.7 (per 100 000) Cape Winelands District 763 750 -1.8 (per 100 000)
Definition: Residential burglary is defined as the unlawful entry of a residential structure with the intent to commit a crime, usually a theft.
Given its regular occurrence and the psychological impact on victims, residential burglaries are an obstinate concern in South Africa. Residential burglary cases within the Langeberg area increased by 1.7 per cent from 643 in 2016 to 655 in 2017 (per 100 000 population). However, residential burglaries within the Cape Winelands District shows a decline of 1.8 per cent from 763 in 2016 to 750 in 2017 (per 100 000 population). Residential burglaries in the Langeberg area remains considerably below the District average. FATAL CRASHES
Area 2015 2016 % Change
Langeberg 23 31 34.7
Cape Winelands District 189 218 15.4
Definition: A crash occurrence that caused immediate death to a road user i.e. death upon impact, flung from the wreckage, burnt to death, etc.
In 2015, there were a total of 23 fatal crashes involving motor vehicles, motorcycles, cyclists and pedestrians within the jurisdiction of the Langeberg Municipality. This number increased sharply by 34.7 per cent to 31 in 2016. The number of fatal crashes in the broader Cape Winelands District increased by 15.4 per cent from 189 crashes in 2015 to 218 in 2016.
22 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Langeberg Municipality
ROAD USER FATALITIES
Area 2015 2016 % Change
Langeberg 23 41 78.2
Cape Winelands District 226 290 28.3
Definition: The type of road user that died in or during a crash, i.e. driver, cyclist, passengers, pedestrians.
According to a recent study, the majority of road fatalities in Africa fall within the working age cohort - between the ages of 15 - 44 years - whilst three out of four fatalities were found to be male (Peden et al., 2013). The untimely death of these primary breadwinners therefore impacts directly upon not only the livelihood of family structures, but deprive society of active economic participants that contribute towards growth and development. The socio-economic impact of such road fatalities has proven to be particularly devastating in South Africa where the majority of road users hail from poor and vulnerable communities.
The previous section specified that a total of 31 fatal crashes occurred within the Langeberg region in 2016. This gave rise to 41 road users deaths in those crashes. This is 18 more deaths than the 23 recorded in 2015 which equates to a 78.2 per cent increase in road user fatalities.
Additional, lower-level information regarding the time, location, gender, ages of above specified crashes are available from the Department of Transport and Public Works upon request.
23 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Langeberg Municipality
7
THE ECONOMY
Economic activity within municipal boundaries is important as it shows the extent of human development and living standards of communities. Although municipalities have no power to increase or decrease taxes in order to stimulate economic activity, there are few levers that local government authorities have control over to contribute to economic performance, including, among others, procurement of goods and services, job creation through expanded public works programmes as well as creating an enabling environment for small businesses.
The ability of households to pay for services such as water, electricity, sanitation, and refuse removal depends on income generated from economic activities. A slowdown in economic activity may result in job losses and inability of households to pay for services leading to reduced municipal revenues. Data on macroeconomic performance, especially the information on sectoral growth and employment, is useful for municipalities’ revenue and expenditure projections.
24 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Langeberg Municipality
ECONOMIC SECTOR PERFORMANCE
The largest economies within the Cape Winelands District are the Drakenstein and Stellenbosch municipal areas, contributing 32.8 per cent and 24.0 per cent to the GDPR of the District respectively.
Cape Winelands District GDPR contribution and average growth rates per municipal area
Contribution to Trend Real GDPR growth (%) GDPR (%) Municipality 2015 2005 - 2015 2010 - 2015 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016e
Witzenberg 13.9 5.0 4.4 4.9 4.6 4.8 5.7 2.1 0.9
Drakenstein 32.8 2.8 2.5 3.2 2.8 2.6 2.6 1.3 0.4
Stellenbosch 24.0 2.8 2.6 3.2 3.0 2.5 2.5 1.6 0.5
Breede Valley 19.1 3.4 3.0 3.7 3.3 3.2 3.4 1.5 0.4
Langeberg 10.2 3.6 3.2 3.5 3.5 3.2 3.9 1.9 0.1
Total Cape Winelands District 100 3.3 2.9 3.5 3.2 3.1 3.3 1.6 0.5
Western Cape Province - 3.0 2.6 3.8 2.9 2.6 2.2 1.5 0.7
Source: Quantec Research, 2017 (e denotes estimate), MERO 2017
Langeberg has the smallest economy within the Cape Winelands District. However, the average annual 3.6 per cent GDPR growth rate over a ten-year period (from 2005 to 2015) is greater than that of the District and Province. The higher growth rate is due to the small economic base within the local municipal area. In contrast, the economies of the Drakenstein and Stellenbosch municipal areas are slightly below average in general since growth from a larger base is represented by smaller percentages.
Comparing the ten-year average annual growth rate with the five-year average annual growth rates highlights that the recovery phase after the 2009 recession was short lived as economic conditions are again on a downward slope.
The following section outlines the GDPR growth per sector within CWD which assists in identifying local economic changes contributing to the decline in growth for the District.
25 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Langeberg Municipality
The Langeberg municipal area contributes R5.8 billion to the economy of CWD and is the lowest local economy within the District.
Langeberg GDPR performance per sector, 2005 - 2016 Contribution R million Trend Real GDPR growth (%) to GDPR (%) value Sector 2015 2015 2005 - 2015 2010 - 2015 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016e Primary Sector 12.9 743.5 1.6 1.2 -0.2 0.8 1.8 7.5 -4.0 -9.9 Agriculture, forestry 12.8 735.6 1.6 1.2 -0.2 0.8 1.8 7.5 -4.0 -9.9 and fishing Mining and 0.1 7.9 -0.1 2.7 2.7 0.8 2.8 7.0 0.2 -6.3 quarrying Secondary Sector 25.9 1 491.1 0.7 0.2 -0.7 0.6 -0.1 0.5 0.6 -0.8 Manufacturing 18.2 1 047.5 -0.3 -0.9 -1.2 -0.6 -1.6 -0.5 -0.3 -1.9 Electricity, gas and 1.8 106.2 0.7 0.9 3.2 0.9 0.0 0.5 0.1 8.6 water Construction 5.9 337.4 7.2 4.8 0.8 6.5 6.9 5.1 4.6 1.0 Tertiary Sector 61.2 3 527.4 5.7 5.1 6.6 5.5 5.0 4.3 4.0 2.9 Wholesale and retail 19.2 1 108.7 5.2 4.9 6.6 6.0 4.3 3.7 3.7 2.6 trade, catering and accommodation Transport, storage 11.1 640.7 6.8 5.7 6.9 5.8 6.4 5.7 3.6 2.5 and communication Finance, insurance, 16.2 934.9 7.9 6.5 7.7 6.7 5.8 5.5 6.8 4.8 real estate and business services General 8.0 462.7 3.1 3.0 5.3 2.8 4.0 2.5 0.4 0.9 government Community, social 6.6 380.4 3.9 3.6 4.6 4.3 3.8 3.0 2.1 1.6 and personal services Total Langeberg 100 5 762.1 3.6 3.2 3.5 3.5 3.2 3.9 1.9 0.1 Source: Quantec Research, 2017 (e denotes estimate)
The sectors that contributed the most to the R5.8 billion GDPR of the local municipal area in 2015 are the wholesale and retail trade, catering and accommodation sector (19.2 per cent), the manufacturing sector (18.2 per cent) and the finance, insurance, real estate and business services sector (16.2 per cent).
In the Langeberg municipal area, economic growth was driven by growth in tertiary sectors over the last ten years, with the finance, insurance, real estate and business services sector growing at an average annual rate of 7.9 per cent.
In 2016, real GDPR growth slowed to 0.1 per cent; which is the lowest growth rate since the recession when the economy contracted by 2.1 per cent. The decline in growth can be attributed to the contraction in the agriculture, forestry and fishing sector, the mining and quarrying sector and the manufacturing sector in 2016. The lack of water limits the manufacturing industries to operate optimally which contributes to the contraction in this sector (Langeberg Municipality, 2017).
26 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Langeberg Municipality
LABOUR
Together with being the smallest economy within CWD, Langeberg employs the least number of workers compared to the other areas within the District. The Langeberg municipal area does, however, have the second lowest unemployment rate in CWD at 7.9 per cent in 2015. The level of unemployment within this municipal area is increasing annually and is estimated to be 8.4 per cent in 2016.
Langeberg employment growth per sector, 2005 - 2016 Contribution to employment Number Trend Employment (net change) (%) of jobs Sector 2015 2015 2005 - 2015 2010 - 2015 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016e Primary Sector 23.4 12 014 -4 036 2 399 -473 512 450 -707 2 617 -192 Agriculture, forestry 23.4 11 998 -4 028 2 405 -473 512 456 -707 2 617 -192 and fishing Mining and quarrying 0.0 16 -8 -6 - - -6 - - - Secondary Sector 15.7 8 060 1 011 937 130 -33 356 173 311 -33 Manufacturing 8.7 4 468 -444 -91 -11 -233 216 -148 85 -141 Electricity, gas and 0.2 92 34 23 4 2 2 5 10 2 water Construction 6.8 3 500 1 421 1 005 137 198 138 316 216 106 Tertiary Sector 60.9 31 298 14 837 8 097 1 236 1 411 1 885 1 625 1 940 64 Wholesale and retail 25.2 12 928 5 829 3 027 569 640 537 617 664 -1 trade, catering and accommodation Transport, storage 5.9 3 038 1 987 1 071 93 215 305 74 384 -207 and communication Finance, insurance, 10.9 5 620 2 863 1 576 248 205 329 283 511 99 real estate and business services General government 6.3 3 233 988 425 153 72 66 197 -63 78 Community, social 12.6 6 479 3 170 1 998 173 279 648 454 444 95 and personal services Total Langeberg 100 51 372 11 812 11 433 893 1 890 2 691 1 091 4 868 -161 Source: Quantec Research, 2017 (e denotes estimate)
Most of the 51 372 jobs in the Langeberg municipal area originate from the agricultural, forestry and fishing sector (23.4 per cent) and wholesale and retail trade, catering and accommodation sector (25.2 per cent). The agriculture, forestry and fishing sector created the most jobs in 2015 due to the record wine grape harvest in the area (VinPro, 2016), which increased the demand for seasonal workers. The seasonality of jobs in the agriculture, forestry and fishing sector has widespread implications for the economy of the Langeberg area as household income and spending are cyclical in line with agricultural activities in this area which affects businesses in the tertiary sector (Langeberg Municipality, 2017).
Over a ten-year period between 2005 and 2015, 11 812 jobs were created in the Langeberg municipal area, despite significant job losses during the recession period. In 2016, the transport, storage and communication, the manufacturing, and the agriculture, forestry and fishing sectors jointly shed 540 jobs. This illustrates the importance of the agriculture sector, agri-processing and the linkages between industries (transport, storage and communication sector) within the Langeberg municipal area.
27 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Langeberg Municipality
8
INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT
Economic theory and empirical work suggest that public investment in infrastructure will boost economic growth by stimulating related private sector investments – the so-called “crowding- in effect” – as well as providing a solid foundation for social development (Swilling, 2006). In South Africa the importance of infrastructure has not only been emphasised at national level but also at regional level. The Western Cape Government’s main infrastructure budgets and investment, both in social and economic infrastructure over the 2017 MTEF, includes spending by provincial government departments and public entities; as well as spending on public private partnerships.
In the Western Cape, the region needs efficient transport systems, water and sanitation, telecommunications and power supplies in order to influence the standard of living of their populations and regional economic growth. There is, thus, a pressing need to determine whether government’s strategy on infrastructure investment will yield the desired economic growth benefits at micro (i.e. project or sector level) or at national or macro level.
Investment in economic infrastructure is not only important at national level but regional and local level too.
28 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Langeberg Municipality
PROVINCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE SPEND
Empirical evidence at a National level has shown that investment in economic infrastructure has a positive impact on economic growth. This growth however depends crucially on provincial and municipal performance. All municipalities are tasked with basic service delivery objectives in order to stimulate local economic development. Population growth and deteriorating infrastructure has continued to place strain on infrastructure budgets. The objective of this section is to determine if there is a relationship between infrastructure investment and growth in the Cape Winelands and to show the success the region has had in providing infrastructure.
West Coast R731.5 million 9% Overberg Across districts R416.0 million R2.6 billion 5% 30% Eden R1 billion 12%
Cape Winelands City of Cape Town R1.3 billion R2.4 billion Central Karoo 15% 28% R127.7 million 1%
Source: Provincial Treasury, 2017 In fulfilment of Provincial Strategic Goal 1 (PSG 1: Grow the economy and create jobs), the Western Cape Government has dedicated R28.0 billion towards infrastructure development across the 2017 Medium Term Expenditure Framework (MTEF). This amount will be spent on new assets, replacements assets maintenance and repairs, upgrades and additions, rehabilitation, renovation as well as the refurbishment of existing assets (Western Cape Estimates of Provincial Revenue and Expenditure, 2017). Of this total, an amount of R26.1 billion has been set aside for physical infrastructure developments whilst R231.0 million and R1.7 billion will respectively be channelled towards broadband connectivity and public private partnerships.
The total Provincial Infrastructure budget for 2017/18 amounts to R8.6 billion which will be split amongst the various municipal districts by taking into consideration a wide array of socio-economic variables, most notably anticipated population growth trends as well as estimated economic growth potential, the latter being influenced largely by the 2014 Growth Potential Study of Towns (Donaldson et al, 2014).
For the financial year 2017/18, the City of Cape Town assumes the majority of the Western Cape’s infrastructure allocations with an estimated infrastructure spend of R2.4 billion (28.0 per cent of Provincial allocation). The Cape Winelands region is another notable receiver of infrastructure funding to the total amount of approximately R1.3 billion (15 per cent). As will be discussed during the course of this chapter, it’s the mirroring of Provincial infrastructure allocation with Municipal infrastructure budgets and plans which will truly set the Municipality and the Province on a higher growth path and improved socio-economic environment.
29 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Langeberg Municipality
There have been varying levels of infrastructure investments and development across the 131 towns outside the Cape Town Metropolitan areas. Some towns have solid development potential while others are declining. A number of growth factors have contributed to this decline (Donaldson et al 2010). Amongst these factors is a deteriorating infrastructure. Municipal infrastructure consists mainly of bulk treatment plants, pump networks, pump stations treatment works, reservoirs and distribution pipelines, electricity transmission and distribution infrastructure. In some municipalities infrastructure remains under threat and requires increasingly more astute management whilst other municipalities have invested significantly in infrastructure provision and experience high growth rates.
Provincial Infrastructure Allocations: Cape Winelands
With the growing emphasis on infrastructure investments within municipalities, the Cape Winelands have continued in their efforts to improve infrastructure availability. Some municipalities have had relatively more success in addressing backlogs within their jurisdictions than others. The results of the 2014 Growth Potential Study of Towns conducted by Donaldson et al (2014) revealed that the best performing Municipality in the Cape Winelands using the Infrastructure index2 is Stellenbosch. Langeberg, Drakenstein and Breede Valley municipalities were rated as medium performers whilst Witzenberg was rated low according to the infrastructure index. This difference in performance may be a result of the differences in real infrastructure expenditure that have been recorded across the municipalities or differing management practices. As can be seen over the period under analysis, infrastructure investment was higher in Drakenstein followed by Stellenbosch, Breede Valley, Witzenberg and then Langeberg. Overall, the provincial allocation for infrastructure in 2017/18 is set at approximately R8.6 billion of which R1.3 billion (15.0 per cent) is allocated to the Cape Winelands region.
Vote Cape Winelands Witzenberg Drakenstein Stellenbosch Breede Valley Langeberg R’000 District CapeNature ------Education - 23 617 5 000 15 000 21 413 25 000 Health - 38 132 5 269 21 181 6 637 Human Settlements - 38 960 79 764 7 767 100 200 32 150 Public Works 11 258 - - - - - Social Development 92 - - - - - Roads 181 863 72 000 86 000 91 492 81 300 331 400 Total 193 213 172 709 176 033 135 440 209 550 388 550 Source: Provincial Treasury, 2017
2 Their final core indicators where vacant industrial stands, distance to nearest scheduled airport, distance to nearest small harbour and slipway, percentage households with in-house access to water, percentage household with access to electricity, and spare capacity of waste water treatment works (WWTW) (Donaldson 2010:66).
30 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Langeberg Municipality
The above table presents the Western Cape Government’s allocation for infrastructure in 2017/18 across the Cape Winelands District. The Provincial expenditure on infrastructure is concentrated in Langeberg (R388.6 million) followed by Breede Valley (R209.5 million).
In relation to Provincial Budgeted figures for 2017/18 by Vote, Education is concentrated on in Witzenberg (R23.6 million) and Langeberg (R25.0 million) while Health has a strong focus in Witzenberg (R38.1 million) and Stellenbosch (R21.2 million). In relation to Human Settlements, Breede Valley is dominant with its sizeable allocation (R100.2 million) for 2017/18. The roads budget mainly accrues to the Langeberg area for major road upgrade projects currently underway between Ashton and Montagu.
The following table lists the Top 10 2017/18 capital projects (in terms of value) that contribute to Langeberg’s total infrastructure allocation.
R’000 Sector Project description 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Transport C818 Ashton-Montagu 210 000 178 000 5 000
Transport C820 PRMG Robertson-Bonnievale 116 000 56 000 4 000
Education Bonnievale PS 25 000 5 970 -
Human Settlements 3041-02 - McGregor Erf 360 (450 units) IRDP 30 000 - -
Education Wakkerstroom Wes PS - 2 000 25 000
Human Settlements 3495-xx - Robertson Nkanini Erf 136 (450 services) UISP - 22 500 -
Health CI830044: Robertson - Robertson Hospital - Acute 250 2 000 10 000 Psychiatric Ward and New EC
Human Settlements 3241-xx01 - ISSP Montagu Mandela Square - - 10 000 (500 services) UISP
Human Settlements 3586-xx01 - ISSP Bonnievale North Squatter Area - - 10 000 Boekenhoutskloof (563 services) UISP
Transport C1053.2 Montagu East area 3 000 300 -
Source: Provincial Treasury, 2017
The largest provincial allocations as well as highest value provincial infrastructure projects relate to road transport.
31 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Langeberg Municipality
MUNICIPAL INFRASTRUCTURE SPEND National and Provincial Transfers
The main sources of infrastructure funding at municipal level come from internal (own) revenue sources and National government and Provincial Government in the form of grants.
The following table contains the total capital transfers and grants received by the Langeberg Municipality from National and Provincial Government over the 2017/18 MTREF. The information depicted below was obtained from the budget schedules within the Municipality’s 2017/18 approved budget. The names of specific grants may therefore differ from their official wording.
Langeberg Municipality receives capital grants from national government; the total value of the grants for 2017/18 totalling R33.598 million. In 2017/18, the largest amount of funds continued to go towards Infrastructure in the guise of the MIG (R32.7 million) while the integrated National Electrification Programme received (R877 000).
2017/18 Medium Term Revenue Audited Outcomes Current Year 2016/17 and Expenditure Framework
Funding Source Original Adjusted Full Year R’000 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 Budget Budget Forecast 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20 National Government 18 258 27 403 21 158 19 477 19 477 19 477 33 598 21 382 21 497 Municipal Systems 781 819 825 ------Improvement Finance Management - 275 ------Municipal 16 934 18 146 18 744 18 406 18 406 18 406 32 721 20 504 21 497 Infrastructure Grant (MIG) Integrated National 451 1 911 1 589 1 071 1 071 1 071 877 877 - Electrification Programme (Municipal Grant) Municipal Disaster 91 6 252 ------Recovery Grant Provincial Government 2 665 2 198 24 343 2 343 5 087 5 087 - - - Library Services 1 075 1 698 1 887 2 343 4 487 4 487 - - - Development of Sport 500 500 ------and Recreation Facilities Acceleration of ------Housing Delivery Human Settlements 980 - 22 456 - 600 600 - - - Development Grant (Beneficiaries) WC Financial 111 ------Management Grant Public Transport ------Infrastructure Housing Consumer ------Education Other grant providers - 452 ------Department of Water - 452 ------Affairs Total Capital Transfers 20 923 30 053 45 501 21 820 24 564 24 564 33 598 21 382 21 497 and Grants Source: Langeberg Municipality, 2017/18 Approved Budget Schedules (SA18)
32 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Langeberg Municipality
Budgetary constraints call for an investigation into the types of infrastructure that would influence growth within the Municipality. “Priority should be given to infrastructure programmes that contribute to regional integration” (NDP, 2012: 159). These include projects such as revising transport links and improving access to energy or water as they form a vital part of the Western Cape economy. The region is blessed with a well-maintained road infrastructure although it does face severe challenges in the provision of a public transport network.
R’000 Sector Project description 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Water Water Supply Infrastructure 13 570 - -
Water Water Supply Infrastructure 3 500 - -
Water Upgrade Silwerstrand Bulk Line 2 250 - -
Water Bulk Water Supply Nkqubela 1 450 - -
Electricity Electrical Infrastructure 4 537 1 701 -
Electricity Electrical Infrastructure 3 403 1 361 -
Road Transport Upgrading of roads 1 815 2 750 3 334
Housing Installation/Upgrading of Bulk Services for 3 500 - - Housing Projects
Source: Langeberg Municipality, 2017/18 Approved Budget Schedules (SA36)
In 2017/18, the largest amount of funds goes towards water infrastructure (R13.6 million). This allocation is to ensure sustainability of demand management and network upgrade within Langeberg municipal area. Other notable allocations go towards electrical infrastructure (R4.5 million) and upgrading of bulk services for housing projects (R3.5 million). These allocations respond to the challenges encountered by the Municipality from both a social and economic growth perspective.
33 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Langeberg Municipality
1. Demographics
Population: Department of Social Development, 2017
Age cohorts: Department of Social Development, 2017
2. Education
Learner enrolment: Western Cape Education Department, 2017; Annual Survey of Public and Independent Schools (ASS), 2016
Learner-teacher ratio: Western Cape Education Department, 2017; Annual Survey of Public and Independent Schools (ASS), 2016
Grade 12 drop-out rates: Western Cape Education Department, 2017; Annual Survey of Public and Independent Schools (ASS), 2016
Educational facilities: Western Cape Education Department, 2017; Annual Survey of Public and Independent Schools (ASS), 2016
Educational outcomes: Western Cape Education Department, 2017; Annual Survey of Public and Independent Schools (ASS), 2016
3. Health
Healthcare facilities: Department of Health, 2017
Emergency medical services: Department of Health, 2017
HIV/AIDS: Department of Health, 2017
Tuberculosis: Department of Health, 2017
Child health: Department of Health, 2017
Maternal health: Department of Health, 2017
4. Poverty
GDP per capita: Statistics South Africa, 2017; own calculations
Income Inequality: IHS Global Insight, 2017
Human Development: IHS Global Insight, 2017
Indigent households: Department of Local Government, 2017
34 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Langeberg Municipality
5. Basic Services
Households: Statistics South Africa, Census 2011 and Community Survey 2016
Access to housing: Statistics South Africa, Census 2011 and Community Survey 2016
Access to water: Statistics South Africa, Census 2011 and Community Survey 2016
Access to electricity: Statistics South Africa, Census 2011 and Community Survey 2016
Access to sanitation: Statistics South Africa, Census 2011 and Community Survey 2016
Access to refuse removal: Statistics South Africa, Census 2011 and Community Survey 2016
6. Safety and Security
Murder: South African Police Service (SAPS), 2017
Sexual offences: South African Police Service (SAPS), 2017
Drug-related crimes: South African Police Service (SAPS), 2017
Driving under the influence: South African Police Service (SAPS), 2017
Residential burglaries: South African Police Service (SAPS), 2017
Fatal crashes: Department of Transport and Public Works, 2017
Road user fatalities: Department of Transport and Public Works, 2017
7. Economy
Sector Performance: Quantec Research, 2017
Labour: Quantec Research, 2017
8. Infrastructure Development
Provincial Infrastructure Spend: Provincial Treasury, 2017
Municipal Infrastructure Spend: Municipal Budget Schedules (SA18 & SA36)
35 2017 Socio-economic Profile: Langeberg Municipality