Crystal Radio Handbook: V6 Radio Wave Propagation
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Results of the Plasma Wave Sounder Experiments on Board the Akebono Satellite in the Topside Ionosphere and Plasmasphere
Results of the Plasma Wave Sounder Experiments on Board the Akebono Satellite in the Topside Ionosphere and Plasmasphere H. Oya1, Y. Katoh*1, and K. Kobayashi2 1Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan, [email protected], [email protected] 2Department of Information Systems Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama, Japan, [email protected] Abstract By the plasma wave sounder on board the Akebono satellite, the radio wave echoes, and plasma wave resonances have been observed through out the topside ionosphere and plasmasphere. The radio wave echoes had been observed even at altitude of 6,000 km showing feature of duct propagation. The plasma bulge structure were also confirmed in the high latitude topside ionosphere. The results of the sounder experiments show the principal resonances such as plasma resonances at fp, upper hybrid resonances at fUHR and harmonics of the electron cyclotron frequency at nfc; harmonic number n in the plasmasphere becomes higher than 10, sometimes. The sequence of the diffuse plasma resonance fDn changes the occurrence mechanism between the topside ionosphere and the plasmasphere with boundary regions around the altitude of 3,000 km. As a remarkable new finding, fD0 (n=0 case of the sequence of the diffuse plasma resonance) have been found. The occurrence of fD0 resonance gives confirmation to the mechanism of fDn generation as the instability of electrostatic electron cyclotron harmonic waves being associated with non linear wave particle interaction. 1. Introduction There is a long history of studies on the artificially stimulated plasma waves relating to radio wave sounder experiments in the ionospheric plasma, starting from the experiments of sounding rockets, Alouette 1, 2 and ISIS-1 and 2 satellite [1-4]. -
NATIONAL ACADEMY of SCIENCES NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL of the UNITED STATES of AMERICA
DAVI~ NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL of the UNITED STATES OF AMERICA UNITED STATES NATIONAL COMMITTEE International Union of Radio Science I NTE RNA TIONAL SCIENTIFIC RADIO UNION 1977 Meeting June 22-24 Sponsored by USNC/U RSI Held in conjunction with the URSI Symposium on Electromagnetic Wave Theory and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Society of Antennas and Propagation International Symposium Stanford University Stanford, California I I i I ii 1, •;,,,...,....,_.....,_......,,...,.........,....,_.....,_.....,_.....,_.....,........,_.....,.........,.,.................................. ___.~ .............. ...,_. ........ ....,_......,., I 1977 MEETING - CONDENSED PROGRAM MONDAY MORNING, JUNE 20, 0900-1215 Bldg Rm THURSDAY MORNING, JUNE 23, 0900-1215 Bldg Rm Af'-S 1 Various Topics in Measurements 120 121 !EMS 6 Inverse Scattering and Remote Sensing JOR 041 Af'-S 2 High Frequency D:l.ffraction POL 161J !EMS 7 Numerical Techniques I JOR 040 Af'-S 3 Arrays I JOR 041 B-4 'EM Theory POL 161J Af'-S 4 Antenna Design I QUA 370 C-1 Multiple-Access Satellite 380 380Y !EMS 1 EM Theory I JOR 040 Communications Systems F-3 Remote Sensing QUA 370 MONDAY AFTERNOON, JUNE 20, 1400-1720 F-4 Earth-Space Propagation Above 10 GHz 120 121 G-2 Ionospheric Mapping II MCC 134 Af'-S 120 121 5 Measurements of the Environment H-1 Theory of Waves and Antennas in Plasmas JOR 050 Af'-S 6 Electromagnetic Theory POL 161J 0900 Tour of U C Berkeley Campus Af'-S Arrays II JOR 041 Af'-S Anterina Design 11 QUA 370 THURSDAY AFTERNOON, -
Long Delayed Radio Echoes – 80 Years with an Unexplained Phenomenon
Long delayed radio echoes – 80 years with an unexplained phenomenon Sverre Holm, F/LA3ZA, UiUnivers ity o fOlf Oslo Long Delayed Echo •LDE = – echo received after a second or so – or everything longer than 138 ms (round-trip time around the earth) • First reported in Oslo, Norway 1927 • S. Holm, “Magnetospheric ducting as an explanation for delayed 3.5 MHz signals,” QST, March 2009. 18 March 2009 2 Have you ever heard a Long Delayed Echo? 18 March 2009 3 LDE • History - Oslo in 1927-1928 • Echoes that can be explained – Magnetospheric Ducted Echoes • Observations • UFOs and alien space probes • 4 most likely explanations 18 March 2009 4 The ionosphere 18 March 2009 5 Magnetosphere 18 March 2009 6 Moon – inner solar system 18 March 2009 7 3 extra letters in Norwegian •æ •å • ø = ö = oe = œ (œil) • Jørgen Hals • Carl Størmer • Bygdøy (part of Oslo) 18 March 2009 8 Shortwave in the 20’ s • First trans-Atlantic signals <200 m received 11 Dec 1921 • First trans-Atlantic QSO 27 Nov 1923 , 110 m • 1924: 80, 40, 20, 5 meter amateur bands • First Worked All Continents April 1926 • First short wa ve broadcast, 11 March 1927, PCJJ (Philips) from NL to Indonesia 18 March 2009 9 LDE: The beginning • Prof. Størmer reported in 1928 how Jørggygyen Hals in Bygdøy in Oslo heard the Dutch transmitter PCJJ at 9.55 MHz with echoes 3 seconds after the main signal. 18 March 2009 10 C. Størmer, "Short wave echoes and the aurora borealis," Nature, No. 3079, Vol. 122, p. 681, Nov. -
Long Delayed Radio Echoes – 80 Years with an Unexplained Phenomenon Sverre Holm Long Delayed Echo
Long delayed radio echoes – 80 years with an unexplained phenomenon Sverre Holm Long Delayed Echo • LDE = • echo received after a second or so • or everything longer than 138 ms (round-trip time around the earth) • An LDE which is well understood: Earth-Moon-Earth • First reported in Oslo, Norway 1927 • S. Holm, Mystiske forsinkede radiosignaler i Oslo, Forskning.no, March 2004 • S. Holm, “Magnetospheric ducting as an explanation for delayed 3.5 MHz signals,” QST, March 2009. May 2016 2 Shortwave in the 20’s • 3-30 MHz or 100-10 m wavelength • First trans-Atlantic signals <200 m received 11 Dec 1921 • 1924: 80, 40, 20, 5 meter amateur bands • First short wave broadcast, 11 March 1927, PCJJ (Philips) from NL to Indonesia May 2016 3 LDE: I had expected a letter in Norwegian … C. Størmer, "Short wave echoes and the aurora borealis," Nature, No. 3079, Vol. 122, p. 681, Nov. 3, 1928. May 2016 4 Huk aveny 7b, Bygdøy, 1927 Oslo kommune, byarkivet, fotodatabasen • http://www.byarkivet.oslo.kommune.no/ • A-20027/Uh/0001/294 5 • Bilde fra 1950 May 2016 5 LDE: 1928 - 1930 • Regular 30 kW test transmissions from the Netherlands and at times from Indonesia (15.94 m). • B. van der Pol, early 1928- Jan 1930 • Largest effort ever undertaken for LDE study? • Hals and Størmer both heard echoes in the fall of 1928 May 2016 6 Summer 1928: peak of solar cycle NOAA May 2016 7 7 Logical extension of range of radio… • 4 Dec 1928, Newspaper, Dagens Nyheder og Nation….” • Echoes of 3-17 sec (expects several minutes) – logical progression in range of radio waves: • Local • Across the Atlantic • Around the earth 1 and 2-3 times • P O Pedersen (1874-1941), Danish engineer and physicist, collaborated with Valdemar Poulsen May 2016 8 Convincing: Simultaneous observation of echoes, NO and NL • Echoes from PCJJ, Hilversum, l=31.44 m, 9.54 MHz • Heard in Oslo and Eindhoven, 24 Oct 1928,16-17 UTC • Convinced most sceptics at the time that the effect was real • B. -
Long Delayed Radio Echoes – the Illusive Secret of the Ionosphere
Long delayed radio echoes – the illusive secret of the ionosphere Sverre Holm LA3ZA What has happened to these signals? Where have they been? • Larry Horlick, • Poul-Erik Karlshøj, VO1FOG, OZ4UN, 2009, Newfoundland: Copenhagen: • ~290 ms, • 260 ms, 3.5 MHz 3.5 MHz SSB, CW, 10.1.2009 25.01.2019, 22:50 ~20:00 local local Ja det er godt nok mærkeligt … nu er det der igen Yes it's weird enough … now it's there again 19.03.2021 LA3ZA - Long delayed radio echoes 3 First observation, Oslo, Norway, 1927, Jørgen Hals Aftenposten 20. and 27 Nov 1928 Huk aveny 7b, Bygdøy, Oslo, Norway, Oslo kommune, byarkivet, fotodatabasen • http://www.byarkivet.oslo.kommune.no/ • A-20027/Uh/0001/294, from 1950 19.03.2021 LA3ZA - Long delayed radio echoes 4 I had expected a letter in Norwegian … C. Størmer, "Short wave echoes and the aurora borealis," Nature, No. 3079, Vol. 122, p. 681, Nov. 3, 1928. 19.03.2021LA3ZA - Long delayed radio echoes 5 Simultaneous observations, 3-30 sec • Echoes from PCJJ, Hilversum, 9.54 MHz, 24 Oct 1928,16-17 UTC • Heard in Oslo, NO and Eindhoven, NL • Convinced most sceptics that the effect was real • Measurement campaign: Inconclusive on why • B. v. d. Pol, "Short wave echoes and the aurora borealis," Nature, No. 3084, Vol. 122, pp. 878- 879, Dec. 8, 1928. 19.03.2021LA3ZA - Long delayed radio echoes 6 5 mechanisms – only 1 is understood 1. Around the world 2. Distant plasma clouds 3. Mechanical waves in ionosphere 4. Non-linearity and mechanical waves 5. -
Low-Cost-Contesting
! Volume 14(2) 2010 Budget-contester Mats, SM6LRR fed to mosquitoes in SSA’s portabeltest @SJ6R/P. Theme issue: Low-cost-contesting 1 PileUp! is the newsletter of Contest Club Finland by its members and others. Contribute! See details at the CCF website and e-mail reflector. Try using [email protected] to reach the OH hams by e-mail. President ……….Jussi-Pekka, OH6RX PileUP! 14(2) – Eds. Ilkka, OH1WZ; Esa OH7WV, Vice-President …Kari, OH2BP Kim OH6KZP Secretary ……….Janne, OH6LBW RTTY....................... Kari, OH2BP Treasurer ……….Mikko, OH4XX OH-contesting......... Tomi, OH6EI CCF homepage: http://www.contestclubfinland.com/ Talkoo-PileUP! 14(2) Contents 3. From the Guest Editors - Toimitukselta 4. CCF Humour 5. Noob Contesting, Part 2 ............................... Ari, OH6MW 7. An Update on Solar Cycle 24 ....................... Carl, K9LA 9. CQ WPX Contest Online Score Dbase.......... Randy, K5ZD 12. WRTC is Coming – Are You Ready? ............ Harry, RA3AUU 14. ...Exclusive PileUP! Interview (WRTC) 18. Houston - We Have a Dupe in the Log! ........ Ilkka, OH1WZ 20. Low Budget Contesting from Cyprus ...... ..... Mats, SM6LRR 23. A Linear Amplifier at Low Cost .................... Esa, OH7WV 26. A Brief Analysis of Contesting Skills ............ Jari, OH3BU 28. LCC Interview with Jukka, OH6LI ................ Ilkka, OH1WZ 31. Ksimatkatavaroin workkimismatkalle .......... Seppo, OH1VR (in Finnish) 33. Kokemuksia OH-kilpailujen jrjestmisest .. Jari, OH2BU (in Finnish) 38. Low Cost Vertical .......................................... Esa, OH7WV 39. Introducing the CCF board 42. News and Stuff 47. IARU 2010 – pistetnk porukalla ............... Janne, OH6LBW (in Finnish) 49. DX Code of Conduct by FOC ........................ Bob, G3PJT 50. Fun Page 51. CCF-Tavaraprssi / CCF Flea market TNX: G3PJT, IZ4AKS, K5ZD, K9LA, OH1VR, 1WZ, 2BH, 2BU, 2BP, 2BR, 2IW, 2UA, 3BU, 4XX, 6KZP, 6LBW, 6LI, 6MW, 7WV, RA3AUU, RA6LBS, SM3SGP, SM6LRR, VK4TI Vintage contest visualizer from 1997 displaying maps and statistics of two participants in SAC CW. -
Theoretical and Experimental Studies of Space-Related Plasma Wave
General Disclaimer One or more of the Following Statements may affect this Document This document has been reproduced from the best copy furnished by the organizational source. It is being released in the interest of making available as much information as possible. This document may contain data, which exceeds the sheet parameters. It was furnished in this condition by the organizational source and is the best copy available. This document may contain tone-on-tone or color graphs, charts and/or pictures, which have been reproduced in black and white. This document is paginated as submitted by the original source. Portions of this document are not fully legible due to the historical nature of some of the material. However, it is the best reproduction available from the original submission. Produced by the NASA Center for Aerospace Information (CASI) ^ s T! i w ^ Theoretical and Experimental Studies of Space-Related Plasma `Nave Propagation and Resonance Ph enomena N71,- W t „y: ^uu + l ^^ t .l-,r . .t Unclas I :. >r-1 ► +, ,J.) ^^" } 1 1.^, x1/75 339,11 NASA Res"-rch Grant NGL 05-020-! 76 Semiannual Report No. 17 11 January-30 June 1975) and Ten-year Summary of Research Program NGR 05-020-077: I May 1 1)t `-30 June 1970 Y [NGL 05-020-176: 15 Docember 1966-30 June 1975 I Principal I ,tvestigator: F. W. Crawford 5P SU-IPR Report No. 636 July 1975 t s p INSTITUTE FOR PLASMA RESEARCH STANFORD UNIVERSITY, STANFORD , CALIFORNIA ^NIZED ^^' , ► 01 - T - l 'THEORETICAL AND EXFERIMENTAL STUDIES OF SPACE-RELATED • PIASntA WAVE PROPAGATION AND RESONANCE PHENOMENA NASA Research g rant NGL 05-0220-176 Semiannual Report No. -
History of QST Volume 1: Amateur Radio Technology 1915-2013
References for A History of QST Volume 1: Amateur Radio Technology 1915-2013 Author Title Publication or Publisher Issue or URL Pages General Historical When Hobbyists were Experts: The U.S. Radio Amateurs' Long C.P. Yeang Range Short-Wave Experiments Circa 1920 MIT Library web.mit.edu/sts/pubs/pdfs/MIT_STS_WorkingPaper_37_Yeang.pdf Characterizing Radio Channels: The Science and Technology of C.P. Yeang Propagation and Interference, 1900-1935 MIT Library dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.1/39172/60412278.pdf Probing the Sky with Radio Waves: From Wireless Technology to the C.P. Yeang Development of Atmospheric Science University Of Chicago Press, 2013 G. C. Southworth Forty Years of Radio Research Gordon & Breach, 1962 O. G. Villard, Jr, W6QYT The ionospheric sounder and its place in the history of radioscience Radio Science ,Vol. 11, No. 11 Nov-76 pp. 847-860 Kevin McQuiggin, VE7ZD Amateur Radio and Innovation in Communication Technology Simon Frasier University, 2001 Early Radio K. B. Warner, 1BHW The Story of the Transcontinentals QST Mar-21 p. 5ff P. Godley, 2ZE Official Report on the Second Transatlantic Tests QST Feb-22 p. 14ff ARRL Staff The Story of the Transatlantics QST Feb-22 pp. 7-14 K. B. Warner, 1BHW Direct Contact with Japan QST Feb-13 p. 14 ARRL Staff Communication with New Zealand QST Nov-24 pp. 15, 68 Propagation Topics pp. 1983-86, J. Reinartz, 1XAM A Year's Work Below Forty Meters Radio News Apr-25 1894, 1895 J.O. Smith Variation of Strength of Amateur Station Signals QST Apr-25 p.