Digital Beam-Forming for High Resolution Wide Swath Real and Synthetic Aperture Radar
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Ultrafast, Broadband and Multi-Pulse Transmissions for Ultrasonic Imaging Yanis Mehdi Benane
Ultrafast, broadband and multi-pulse transmissions for ultrasonic imaging Yanis Mehdi Benane To cite this version: Yanis Mehdi Benane. Ultrafast, broadband and multi-pulse transmissions for ultrasonic imaging. Signal and Image processing. Université Lyon 1 - Claude Bernard, 2018. English. tel-02072384v1 HAL Id: tel-02072384 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02072384v1 Submitted on 19 Mar 2019 (v1), last revised 11 Jul 2019 (v2) HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. N°d’ordre NNT : xxx THESE de DOCTORAT DE L’UNIVERSITE DE LYON opérée au sein de l’Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Ecole Doctorale N° 162 MECANIQUE, ENERGETIQUE, GENIE CIVIL, ACOUSTIQUE Spécialité de doctorat : ACOUSTIQUE ET TRAITEMENT DE SIGNAL Discipline : Imagerie ultrasonore Soutenue publiquement le 10/12/2018, par : Mehdi Yanis BENANE Ultrafast, broadband and multi-pulse transmissions for ultrasonic imaging Devant le jury composé de : Président du jury : …………… Rapporteur : Kouame, Denis Professeur des Universités, Université de Toulouse Petitjean, Caroline Maître de conférence, -
Optimization of Short Probe Linear Frequency Modulated Signal Parameters
ARCHIVES OF ACOUSTICS DOI: 10.2478/v10168-011-0057-1 36, 4, 861–871 (2011) Optimization of Short Probe Linear Frequency Modulated Signal Parameters Włodzimierz POGRIBNY(1),(2), Tadeusz LESZCZYŃSKI(1) (1)University of Technology and Life Sciences Kaliskiego 7, 85-796 Bydgoszcz, Poland e-mail: pohry, leszcz @utp.edu.pl { } (2)University of Economy in Bydgoszcz Garbary 2, 85-229 Bydgoszcz, Poland (received June 17, 2011; accepted October 20, 2011 ) In many physical experiments, linear frequency modulated (LFM) signals are widely used to probe objects in different environments, from outer-space to under- water. These signals allow a significant improvement in measurement resolution, even when the observation distance is great. For example, using LFM probe sig- nals in underwater investigations enables discovery of even small objects covered by bottom sediments. Recognition of LFM (chirp) signals depends on their compression based on matched filtering. This work presents two simple solutions to improve the reso- lution of the short chirp signals recognition. These methods are effective only if synchronization between the signal and matched filter (MF) is obtained. This work describes both the aforementioned methods and a method of minimizing the effects of the lack of synchronization. The proposed matched filtering method, with the use of n parallel MFs and other techniques, allows only one sample to be obtained in the main lobe and to accurately locate its position in the appropriate sampling period Ts with accuracy Ts/n. These approaches are appropriate for use in probe signal processing. Keywords: sonar, LFM signal, matched filtering. 1. Introduction For many physical investigations, short chirp signals are especially expedi- ent because they enable the probe rate to be increased (Grelowska, Koza- czka, 2010; Mahafza, Elsherbeni, 2004; Pogribny et al., 2002; Schock, LeBlanc, 1990). -
Asynchronous Chirp Slope Keying for Underwater Acoustic Communication
Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 30 March 2021 doi:10.20944/preprints202103.0750.v1 Article Asynchronous Chirp Slope Keying for Underwater Acoustic Communication Dominik Jan Schott 1,†∗, Andrea Gabbrielli 2, Wenxin Xiong 2, Georg Fischer 3, Fabian Höflinger 1,3, Johannes Wendeberg2, Christian Schindelhauer 2, Stefan Johann Rupitsch 1 1 Dep. of Microsystems Engin. (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Germany 2 Dep. of Computer Sci. (IIF), University of Freiburg, Germany 3 Fraunhofer EMI, Efringen-Kirchen, Germany * Correspondence: [email protected] † Current address: Georges-Koehler-Allee 106, 79110 Freiburg, Germany 1 Abstract: We propose an asynchronous acoustic chirp slope keying to map bit sequences on single 2 or multiple bands without preamble or error correction coding on the physical layer. Details of the 3 implementation are disclosed and discussed, the performance verified on laboratory scale in a 4 pool measurement, as well as simulated for a channel containing Rayleigh fading and Additive 5 White Gaussian Noise. For time-bandwidth products of 50 in single band mode, a raw data rate of 6 100 bit/s is simulated to achieve bit error rates below 0.001 for signal-to-noise ratios above -6 dB. 7 In dual-band mode and a data rate of 200 bit/s, this bit error level was achieved for signal-to-noise 8 ratios above 0 dB for time-bandwidth product of 25. The packet error rates follow this behavior 9 with an offset of 1 dB. 10 Keywords: Underwater Communication; Wireless Communication; Acoustic Communication; 11 Ultrasound Acoustics; Digital Signal Processing; Chirp Modulation; Chirp Slope Keying; Chirp 12 Spread Spectrum; Citation: Schott, D. -
Synthetic Aperture Radar Using Non-Uniform Sampling
-?. qS Synthetic Aperture Radar [Ising Non-Uniform Sampling by JoN¿IHEN ANOREW LECC Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering The University of Adelaide Adelaide, South Australia August 1997 Contents Abstract vu Declaration ix Acknowledgments xi List of Figures xrll List of Thbles xYll Glossary xtx Publications xxY I Introduction 1 l.l Motivation 1 I.2 Thesis Outline and Contributions 2 2 Background Information 7 2.I Synthetic Aperture Radar Fundamentals . 7 2.1.1 Range Information . 9 2.1.2 From Real to Synthetic Aperture l0 2.L3 Azimuthal Information 12 2.1.4 PRF Selection 13 2.2 Radar Moving Target Detection 15 2.3 The Effects of Moving Targets on SAR l6 2.4 Radar Waveforms l9 2.5 Existing SAR MTD Techniques 2t 2.6 Proposed SAR MTD Technique 29 ll CONTENTS 2.7 Non-Uniform Sampling 30 2.7.1 Heuristic Justification for Non-Uniform pRI SAR MTD 30 2.7.2 Introduction 31 2.7.3 Minimum SamplingRequiremeuts 55 2J.4 Pseudorandom Sampling JJ 2.7.5 SignalProcessing JJ 2.1.6 Timing Specifications 36 2.1.7 SAR Specifics 39 2.1.8 Non-UniformArrays 4t 2.7.9 Non-Uniform Sampling: Concluding Remarks 4t 2.8 Performance Requirements 42 2.9 Summary 42 3 Moving Thrget Ambiguity Function 43 3.1 Introduction 43 3.2 Ambiguity Function Derivation 44 3.2.1 Radar Scenario and Signals 44 3.2.2 RangeCompression 47 3.2.3 Slow Time Compression . 49 3.2.4 SAR Geometry 51 3.2.5 Stripmapping SAR Ambiguity Function . -
Asynchronous Chirp Slope Keying for Underwater Acoustic Communication
sensors Article Asynchronous Chirp Slope Keying for Underwater Acoustic Communication Dominik Jan Schott 1,* , Andrea Gabbrielli 1 , Wenxin Xiong 2 , Georg Fischer 3 , Fabian Höflinger 1,3 , Johannes Wendeberg 2, Christian Schindelhauer 2 and Stefan Johann Rupitsch 1 1 Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; [email protected] (A.G.); fabian.hoefl[email protected] (F.H.); [email protected] (S.J.R.) 2 Department of Computer Science (IIF), University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; [email protected] (W.X.); [email protected] (J.W.); [email protected] (C.S.) 3 Fraunhofer EMI, 79588 Efringen-Kirchen, Germany; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: We propose an asynchronous acoustic chirp slope keying to map short bit sequences on single or multiple bands without preamble or error correction coding on the physical layer. We introduce a symbol detection scheme in the demodulator that uses the superposed matched filter results of up and down chirp references to estimate the symbol timing, which removes the requirement of a preamble for symbol synchronization. Details of the implementation are disclosed and discussed, and the performance is verified in a pool measurement on laboratory scale, as well as the simulation for a channel containing Rayleigh fading and Additive White Gaussian Noise. For time-bandwidth products (TB) of 50 in single band mode, a raw data rate of 100 bit/s is simulated − Citation: Schott, D.J.; Gabbrielli, A.; to achieve bit error rates (BER) below 0.001 for signal-to-noise ratios above 6 dB. -
A Multi-Path Compensation Method for Ranging in Wearable Ultrasonic Sensor Networks for Human Gait Analysis
sensors Article A Multi-Path Compensation Method for Ranging in Wearable Ultrasonic Sensor Networks for Human Gait Analysis Karalikkadan Ashhar 1,* , Mohammad Omar Khyam 2 and Cheong Boon Soh 1 1 School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave, Singapore 639798, Singapore; [email protected] 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 15 February 2019; Accepted: 14 March 2019; Published: 18 March 2019 Abstract: Gait analysis in unrestrained environments can be done with a single wearable ultrasonic sensor node on the lower limb and four fixed anchor nodes. The accuracy demanded by such systems is very high. Chirp signals can provide better ranging and localization performance in ultrasonic systems. However, we cannot neglect the multi-path effect in typical indoor environments for ultrasonic signals. The multi-path components closer to the line of sight component cannot be identified during correlation reception which leads to errors in the estimated range and which in turn affects the localization and tracking performance. We propose a novel method to reduce the multi-path effect in ultrasonic sensor networks in typical indoor environments. A gait analysis system with one mobile node attached to the lower limb was designed to test the performance of the proposed system during an indoor treadmill walking experiment. An optical motion capture system was used as a benchmark for the experiments. The proposed method gave better tracking accuracy compared to conventional coherent receivers. The static measurements gave 2.45 mm standard deviation compared to 10.45 mm using the classical approach. -
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION of CHIRP SPREAD SPECTRUM SYSTEM and LAND MOBILE SATELLITE SYSTEM by COMPUTER SIMULATION Bv Junghwan Kim
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF CHIRP SPREAD SPECTRUM SYSTEM AND LAND MOBILE SATELLITE SYSTEM BY COMPUTER SIMULATION bv Junghwan Kim _ l Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Virginia Polytechnlc Institute and State University in partial fullillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in ° Electrical Engineering APPROVED: Timothy Prstt, Chairman - Richard O. Claus ‘ July, 1988 Blacksburg, Virginia PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF CHIRP SPREAD SPECTRUM SYSTEM AND V LAND MOBILE SATELLITE SYSTEM BY COMPUTER SIMULATION bv Junghwan Kim Timothy Pratt, Chairman Electrical Engineering (ABSTRACT) 1— F The work presented in this dissertation examines the performance of two satellite radio j communication systems by computer simulation. Two simulations were separately performed for a spread spectrum chirp system as an analog communications system, and for the Land Mobile Satellite System (LMSS) channel as a digital communications system. For the simulation of analog communications, a spread spectrum system using chirp techniques called ’Coded Multiple Chirp Spread Spectrum’ was proposed as a simple, cost-effective alternative for conventional spread spectrum systems. Its application as a spread spectrum overlay service on analog FM-TV was examined through the mutual interference analysis and spectral analysis using soltware programming. For the simulation of digital communications, various digital modulation schemes as well as channel encoding, block interleaving/deinterleaving, and dltferential encoding techniques were used for a thorough performance evaluation of a Land Mobile Satellite System under fading conditions. For this purpose, an LMSS fading channel simulator capable of simulatlng diverse fading characteristics for a satellite channel was designed and tested to yield various performance measures such as symbol error rate and average bit error rate. -
Effect of Photoacoustic Radar Chirp Parameters on Profilometric Information
Effect of Photoacoustic Radar Chirp Parameters on Profilometric Information A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Engineering in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Applied Science in Mechanical Engineering by Zuwen Sun Ottawa-Carleton Institute for Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of Ottawa Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1N 6N5 January 2018 © Zuwen Sun, Ottawa, Canada, 2018 Abstract Photoacoustic imaging for biomedical application has attracted much research in recent years. To date, most of the work has focused on pulsed photoacoustics. Recent developments have seen the implementation of a radar pulse compression methodology into continuous wave photoacoustic modality, however very little theory has been developed in support of this approach. In this thesis, the one-dimensional theory of radar photoacoustics for pulse compressed linear frequency modulated continuous sinusoidal laser photoacoustics is developed. The effect of the chirp parameters on the corresponding photoacoustic signal is investigated, and guidelines for choosing the chirp parameters for absorber profilometric detection are given based on the developed theory and simulations. Simulated results are also compared to available experimental results and show a good agreement. Key words: Photoacoustic, Pulse compression, Autocorrelation, photoacoustic radar. ii Acknowledgements My deep appreciation is presented to Dr. Natalie Baddour, who is my supervisor, for her patient help and professional advice during my study, as well as her financial support which made my life in Canada easier. I would also like to appreciate Dr. Liang Ming, who first gave me the opportunity to study at the University of Ottawa. At last, my grateful thanks to my parents, parents in law, and my uncle and aunt for their endless help and support.