Application of the Natural Capital Protocol at Glensaugh Farm
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Fsoil organic Hay maket+++++++++++++++++++ +++++++++++++++++++++++++ +++++++++++++++++++++++++ Living document version 1.0 , September 4th, 2020* Application of the Natural Capital Protocol at Glensaugh Farm Author: Paola Ovando Contact: [email protected] This is a living document with the version, authors, and publication date above referred. This document is expected to evolve and expand through successive updates, changes, and adjustments. You are invited to provide comments, new evidence, reliable sources, and data to refine Glensaugh ’s natural capital assessment study, and in that way contribute, subject to revision and verification, to the new version of this document. Please send us your comments and suggestions through the following link: (https://www.hutton.ac.uk/research/projects/GlensaughProtocolComments) i Contents Executive summary .............................................................................................................................. 1 1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 6 1.1 BACKGROUND AND MOTIVATION .................................................................................................................. 6 1.2 GLENSAUGH CASE STUDY ............................................................................................................................. 8 1.3 METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH ................................................................................................................... 11 2 Retrospective assessment of natural capital impact and dependencies ............................................... 13 2.1 FRAME STAGE - STEP 01: GET STARTED ........................................................................................................ 13 2.2 SCOPE STAGE – STEPS 02 AND 03: DEFINING OBJECTIVE AND SCOPE OF THE NATURAL CAPITAL ASSESSMENT ............. 14 2.2.1 Natural capital assessment objectives ............................................................................................... 14 2.2.2 Natural capital assessment scope ...................................................................................................... 14 2.3 SCOPE STAGE - STEP 04: DETERMINE THE IMPACTS AND/OR DEPENDENCIES ........................................................ 15 2.3.1 Characterization of natural capital stocks, their state, condition, and trends .................................. 15 2.3.2 Characterization of the relevance of natural capital for ecosystem services delivery ...................... 17 2.3.3 Determination of the materiality of impacts and dependencies on natural capital .......................... 18 2.4 MEASURE AND VALUE STAGE – STEPS 05-07: MEASURE AND VALUE IMPACTS AND DEPENDENCIES .......................... 19 2.4.1 Dependencies on natural capital and ecosystem services ................................................................ 19 2.4.2 Impacts on natural capital and ecosystem services........................................................................... 24 2.5 APPLY STAGE – STEPS 08: INTERPRETATION AND USE OF THE RESULTS ................................................................ 23 2.5.1 Natural capital related risks ............................................................................................................... 23 2.5.2 Market and policy related risks ......................................................................................................... 24 2.5.3 Natural capital related opportunities ................................................................................................ 25 2.5.4 New agricultural and environmental policies and investment opportunities ................................... 26 2.6 APPLY STAGE – STEPS 09: TAKE ACTION ....................................................................................................... 27 3 Prospective natural capital assessment of woodland expansion investment ....................................... 28 3.1 FRAME STAGE – STEP 01: GET STARTED ....................................................................................................... 28 3.2 SCOPE STAGE – STEP 02 AND 03: DEFINING THE OBJECTIVE AND SCOPE OF THE NATURAL CAPITAL ASSESSMENT ......... 29 3.3 SCOPE STAGE – STEPS 04 DETERMINE IMPACTS AND DEPENDENCIES .................................................................. 30 3.4 MEASURE AND VALUE STAGE – STEP 05: MEASURE OF IMPACTS DRIVERS OF WOODLAND EXPANSION ...................... 31 3.4.1 Timber and biomass production ........................................................................................................ 31 3.4.2 Climate change regulation ................................................................................................................. 32 3.4.3 Other potential impacts of woodland expansion .............................................................................. 34 3.5 MEASURE AND VALUE STAGE – STEPS 06: MEASURE CHANGES IN THE STATE AND TREND OF NATURAL CAPITAL .......... 34 3.6 MEASURE AND VALUE STAGE – STEP 07: VALUE IMPACTS ............................................................................... 35 3.7 APPLY STAGE – STEP 08: INTERPRET AND TEST RESULTS .................................................................................. 37 3.8 APPLY STAGE – STEP 09: TAKE ACTION ........................................................................................................ 37 4 Key finding and recommendations ....................................................................................................... 38 4.1 POTENTIAL VALUE ADDED OF APPLYING THE PROTOCOL TO EVALUATE LAND-BASED BUSINESS .................................. 38 4.2 NATURAL CAPITAL ASSESSMENT FOR SUPPORTING DECISION MAKING ................................................................. 38 4.3 MAIN RECOMMENDATIONS TO PRACTITIONERS .............................................................................................. 39 Acknowledgments ............................................................................................................................ 39 5 References ............................................................................................................................ 40 SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL ....................................................................................................................... 44 ii Supplementary material contents A.1 Characteristics of Glensaugh farm ........................................................................................................ 44 A.1.1 LAND COVER AND LAND USES ..................................................................................................................... 44 A.1.2 SOIL CLASSIFICATION MAP .......................................................................................................................... 45 A.1.3 LAND CAPABILITY AND POTENTIAL MAPS ....................................................................................................... 46 A.1.4 SOIL CARBON MAPS .................................................................................................................................. 47 A.1.5 SOIL DEGRADATION RISK MAPS ................................................................................................................... 48 A.2 Methodological appendix and material ................................................................................................ 50 A.2.1 ECOSYSTEM SERVICES CLASSIFICATION .......................................................................................................... 50 A.2.2 NATURAL CAPITAL CONDITION .................................................................................................................... 51 A.2.2.1 Relative wildness index ...................................................................................................................... 51 A.2.2.2 Biodiversity surveys ........................................................................................................................... 52 A.2.2.3 Freshwater resources condition ........................................................................................................ 53 A.2.2.4 Soil carbon stock ................................................................................................................................ 53 A.2.3 TREND IN THE DEPENDENCY AND IMPACTS OF LIVESTOCK FARMING SYSTEMS ON NATURAL CAPITAL .......................... 54 A.2.3.1 Drivers of impacts and dependencies of livestock farming on natural capital .................................. 54 A.2.3.2 Livestock metabolic energy requirements and dependencies on external and own resources ........ 55 A.2.3.3 Trends in crop productivity and management .................................................................................. 56 A.2.3.4 Effect of crops productivity and quality on livestock enterprises profitability .................................. 57 A.2.3.5 Trends in the use of fertilisers ........................................................................................................... 58 A.2.3.6 Livestock farming GHG emissions and changes in economic-environmental efficiency ................... 59 A.2.3.7 GHG emissions due to grassland management ................................................................................. 61 A.2.4 CHANGES IN DEPENDENCIES AND IMPACTS OF OTHER LAND-BASED BUSINESS