ADVANCES in COMMUNICATIONS

Proceedings of the 11th WSEAS International Conference on COMMUNICATIONS (part of the 2007 CSCC Multiconference)

Agios Nikolaos, Crete Island, , July 26-28, 2007

ADVANCES in COMMUNICATIONS

Proceedings of the 11th WSEAS International Conference on COMMUNICATIONS

Agios Nikolaos, Crete Island, Greece, July 26-28, 2007

Published by World Scientific and Engineering Academy and Society Press http://www.wseas.org

Copyright © 2007, by WSEAS Press

All the copyright of the present book belongs to the World Scientific and Engineering Academy and Society Press. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the Editor of World Scientific and Engineering Academy and Society Press.

All papers of the present volume were peer reviewed by two independent reviewers. Acceptance was granted when both reviewers' recommendations were positive. See also: http://www.worldses.org/review/index.html

ISSN: 1790-5117 ISBN: 978-960-8457-91-1

World Scientific and Engineering Academy and Society EDITORS: Professor N. E. Mastorakis, Hellenic Naval Academy, GREECE Professor S. Kartalopoulos, The University of Oklahoma, USA Professor D. Simian, ”Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu, ROMANIA Professor A. Varonides, University of Scranton, USA Professor V. Mladenov, Technical University of Sofia, BULGARIA Professor Z. Bojkovic, University of Belgrade, SERBIA Professor E. Antonidakis, TEI of Crete, GREECE

SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE: Irwin W. Sandberg, USA Alfonso Farina, ITALY Asad A. Abidi, USA Alfred O. Hero, USA Andreas Antoniou, USA Ali H. Sayed, USA Antonio Cantoni, AUSTRALIA Anders Lindquist, SWEDEN Lotfi Zadeh, USA Arthur B. Baggeroer, USA George Szentirmai, USA Arye Nehorai, USA Michael Peter Kennedy, IRELAND Benjamin Friedlander, USA Paresh C. Sen, CANADA Bernard C. Levy, USA Michel Gevers, BELGIUM Bhaskar D. Rao, USA James S. Thorp, USA Bin Yu, USA Armen H. Zemanian, USA Boualem Boashash, AUSTRALIA Guanrong Chen, HONG KONG Brian D. O. Anderson, AUSTRALIA Edgar Sanchez-Sinencio, USA Bruce A. Francis, CANADA Jim C. Bezdek, USA C. Richard Johnson, USA A. J. van der Schaft, THE NETHERLANDS C. Sidney Burrus, USA Istvan Nagy, Hungary Charles M. Rader, USA Wasfy B. Mikhael, USA Desmond P. Taylor, NEW ZEALAND M. N. S. Swamy, CANADA Donald L. Duttweiler, USA M. Araki, JAPAN Donald W. Tufts, USA Abbas El Gamal, USA Douglas L. Jones, USA Franco Maloberti, Italy Earl E. Swartzlander, USA Alan N. Willson Jr., USA Ed F. Deprettere, THE NETHERLANDS Yoji Kajitani, JAPAN Edward A. Lee, USA Mohammed Ismail, USA Edward J. Powers, USA Kemin Zhou, USA Ehud Weinstein, ISRAEL Ruey-Wen Liu, USA Eli Brookner, USA Nabil H. Farhat, USA Ezio Biglieri, ITALY John I. Sewell, UNITED KINGDOM Faye Boudreaux-Bartels, USA Jerry M. Mendel, USA Georgios B. Giannakis, USA Magdy A. Bayoumi, USA Gonzalo R. Arce, USA Bertram E. Shi, HONG KONG H. Vincent Poor, USA M. Omair Ahmad, CANADA Hagit Messer, ISRAEL N. K. Bose, USA John V. McCanny, UNITED KINGDOM Igor Lemberski, LATVIA Joos Vandewalle, BELGIUM Alfred Fettweis, GERMANY Jose C. Principe, USA Brockway McMillan, USA Jose M. F. Moura, USA H. J. Orchard, USA K. J. Ray Liu, USA Jacob Katzenelson, ISRAEL Kaushik Roy, USA Vincent Poor, USA Kenneth Rose, USA Abraham Kandel, USA Keshab K. Parhi, USA Bor-Sen Chen, CHINA Kon Max Wong, CANADA C. S. George Lee, USA Kung Yao, USA Hamid R. Berenji, USA Louis L. Scharf, USA Kevin M. Passino, USA Martin Vetterli, USA Lawrence O. Hall, USA Mati Wax, USA Ronald R. Yager, USA Meir Feder, ISRAEL Witold Pedrycz, CANADA Michael C. Wicks, USA Agoryaswami J. Paulraj, USA Michael D. Zoltowski, USA Ahmed H. Tewfik, USA Michael T. Orchard, USA Alan V. Oppenheim, USA Michael Unser, SWITZERLAND Miguel Angel Lagunas, SPAIN Antonio Vicino, ITALY Moeness G. Amin, USA Anuradha M. Annaswamy, USA Mohamed Najim, FRANCE Benjamin Melamed, USA Neil J. Bershad, USA Bruce H. Krogh, USA P. P. Vaidyanathan, USA David D. Yao, USA Patrick Dewilde, THE NETHERLANDS Donald Towsley, USA Peter Willett, USA Eduardo D. Sontag, USA Petre Stoica, SWEDEN Edward J. Davison, CANADA Phillip A. Regalia, FRANCE G. George Yin, USA Pierre Duhamel, FRANCE Giorgio Picci, ITALY Pierre Moulin, USA Graham C. Goodwin, AUSTRALIA Pramod K. Varshney, USA Han-Fu Chen, CHINA Rabab Kreidieh Ward, CANADA Harold J. Kushner, USA Robert M. Gray, USA Hidenori Kimura, JAPAN Rolf Unbehauen, GERMANY Ian Postlethwaite, UNITED KINGDOM Ronald W. Schafer, USA Ian R. Petersen, AUSTRALIA Rui J. P. Figueiredo, USA Jan C. Willems, THE NETHERLANDS Russell M. Mersereau, USA Jim S. Freudenberg, USA Sadaoki Furui, JAPAN Karl Johan Astrom, SWEDEN Shun-Ichi Amari, JAPAN Lennart Ljung, SWEDEN Simon Haykin, CANADA M. Vidyasagar, INDIA Soo-Chang Pei, CHINA Mark W. Spong, USA Soura Dasgupta, USA Matthew R. James, AUSTRALIA Stefan L. Hahn, POLAND Munther A. Dahleh, USA Steven Kay, USA P .R. Kumar, USA Takao Hinamoto, JAPAN Peter E. Caines, CANADA Takashi Matsumoto, JAPAN Pramod P. Khargonekar, USA Tapio Saramaki, FINLAND Richard T. Middleton, AUSTRALIA Tariq S. Durrani, UNITED KINGDOM Roberto Tempo, Italy Thomas F. Quatieri, USA Roger W. Brockett, USA Thomas L. Marzetta, USA Romeo Ortega, FRANCE Thomas S. Huang, USA Shankar Sastry, USA Thomas W. Parks, USA Stephane Lafortune, USA Uri Shaked, ISRAEL Steven I. Marcus, USA V. John Mathews, USA T. E. Duncan, USA Vladimir Cuperman, USA Tamer Basar, USA William A. Pearlman, USA W. M. Wonham, CANADA Wolfgang Fichtner, SWITZERLAND Weibo Gong, USA Wu-Sheng Lu, CANADA Xi-Ren Cao, HONG KONG Yaakov Bar-Salom, USA Yu-Chi Ho, UNITED KINGDOM Yingbo Hua, USA George Antoniou, USA Yong Ching Lim, SINGAPORE C. Manikopoulos, USA Yoram Bresler, USA Ashraf Abdelbar, EGYPT Zhi Ding, USA Alain Abran, CANADA A. A. Goldenberg, CANADA Akshai Aggarwal, CANADA Angel Rodriguez-Vasquez, SPAIN Nestor thome, SPAIN, Erol Gelenbe, USA Jose Aguilar, VENEZUELA F. L. Lewis, USA Maria Isabella Garcia-Planas, SPAIN Harry Wechsler, USA Philippe Dondon, FRANCE Howard C. Card, CANADA Constantinos Angelis, GREECE Lei Xu, P. R. CHINA Zahra Ahmadi Brooghani, IRAN Leon O. Chua, USA Kostas Arvanitis, GREECE Marco Gori, ITALY Ahmed Al Kindi, OMAN Narasimhan Sundararajan, SINGAPORE Mansoor Al-A'ali, BAHRAIN Sankar K. Pal, INDIA Munir Al-Absisi, SAUDI ARABIA Tamas Roska, USA Malik Alamaireh, JORDAN A. Stephen Morse, USA Muhammad Al-Gahtani, SAUDI ARABIA Alberto Isidori, USA Nima Amanifard, IRAN Ali Saberi, USA Antonios Andreatos, GREECE Andrew R. Teel, USA Maja Atanasijevic-Kunc, SLOVENIA Carlos Aviles-Cruz, MEXICO Paul Davidsson, SWEDEN Jamil Ayoub, JORDAN Felippe De Souza, PORTUGAL Jose Azana, CANADA Sonia Degeratu, ROMANIA Ina Taralova, FRANCE Carlo dell'Aquila, ITALY Leila Baccouche, TUNISIA Metin Demiralp, TURKEY Ahmad Bagheri, IRAN Lawrence Deng, TAIWAN Harold S. Stone, USA Paolo Di Giamberardino, ITALY Harry L. Van Trees, USA Vincenzo Di Lecce, ITALY Henrique S. Malvar, USA Anne-Marie Di Sciullo, CANADA Hsueh-Ming Hang, CHINA Zeljko Djurovic, SERBIA Jaakko Astola, Finland Valentin Dogaru Ulieru, ROMANIA James R. Zeidler, USA Tomas Dostal, CZECH REPUBLIC Jan P. Allebach, USA Maitreyee Dutta, INDIA Jitendra K. Tugnait, USA Anastasios Economides, GREECE John M. Cioffi, USA Karl Edelmoser, AUSTRIA John R. Treichler, USA Erki Eessaar, ESTONIA Olga Martin, ROMANIA Karim El Guemhioui, CANADA Zvone Balantic, SLOVENIA Hamed Elsimary, EGYPT Tudor Barbu, ROMANIA Ehsan Esfandiary, IRAN Cassia Baruque, BRAZIL Mehrez Essafi, TUNISIA Lucia Baruque, BRAZIL Tchier Fairouz, SAUDI ARABIA Shariq Bashir, PAKISTAN Qi Feng, CHINA Daniel Batas, GERMANY Hans Fernlund, USA Radu Ciprian Bilcu, FINLAND Marta Fernandez, SPAIN Stefan Bruda, CANADA Andreas Floros, GREECE Miodrag Bulatovic, YUGOSLAVIA Franco Frattolillo, ITALY Martin Burke, IRELAND Juan Frausto-Solis, MEXICO Stefano Cacciaguerra, ITALY Richard Gallery, IRELAND Miriam Capretz, CANADA Gao Gang-yi, CHINA Leonarda Carnimeo, ITALY Georgia Garani, GREECE Ram Chakka, INDIA Gloria Garcia, SPAIN Nitin Chanderwal,INDIA Christos Georgiadis, GREECE Ching lung Chang, TAIWAN Ahmad Ghanbari, IRAN Fengming Chang, TAIWAN Baluta Gheorghe, ROMANIA Huay Chang, TAIWAN Ryszard Golanski, POLAND Yun Seok Chang, KOREA Alexander Grebennikov, MEXICO Athanasios Chassiakos, GREECE Andrea Guerriero, ITALY John Chatzakis, GREECE Oscar Gustafsson, SWEDEN Alexander Chatzigeorgiou, GREECE Ofer Hadar, ISRAEL Yung-Fu Chen, TAIWAN James Haralambides, USA Yangjun Chen, CANADA Suhono Harso Supangkat, INDONESIA Toly Chen, TAIWAN Hafiz Md. Hasan Babu, BANGLADESH Ching-Han Chen, TAIWAN Iraj Hassanzadeh, IRAN R.C. Chen, TAIWAN Mohsen Hayati, IRAN Chi-bin Cheng, TAIWAN Maria Ines Herrero Platero, SPAIN Chaochang Chiu, TAIWAN Tzung-Pei Hong, TAIWAN Yoonsik Choe, KOREA Kuo-Hung Hou, TAIWAN Hyung Rim Choi, KOREA Michel Houtermans, THE NETHERLANDS Shihchieh Chou, TAIWAN Chung-Yuan Huang, TAIWAN Hwang-cherng Chow, TAIWAN Zhou Huiwei, CHINA Slo-Li Chu, TAIWAN Ren-junn Hwang, TAIWAN Shun-Ping Chung, TAIWAN Giuseppe Iazeolla, ITALY Rafa E. Al-Qutaish, CANADA Mohamed Ibrahim, EGYPT Hsu Chun-liang, TAIWAN Hirotaka Inoue, JAPAN Giovanni Costantini, ITALY Naohiro Ishii, JAPAN Octavian Cret, ROMANIA Yousuf Mahbubul Islam, BANGLADESH Krzysztof Cyran, POLAND Juri Jatskevich, CANADA Jerzy Dabrowski, SWEDEN Cheng-chang Jeng, TAIWAN Adrian Sergiu Darabant, ROMANIA Zhang Jilong, CHINA Bhaskar Dasgupta, INDIA Chanintorn Jittawiriyanukoon, THAILAND HJ Kadim ,UNITED KINGDOM Liying Mi, JAPAN Rihard Karba, SLOVENIA Angelos Michalas, GREECE Stephen Karungaru, JAPAN Hannah Michalska, CANADA Theodore Kaskalis, GREECE Wasfy Mikhael, USA Victor Kasyanov, RUSSIA Manki Min, USA Osamu Kata,i JAPAN Huang Minhuan, CHINA Demetrios Kazakos, USA Mihai Mitrea, FRANCE Vladimir Kazakov, MEXICO Payman Moallem, IRAN Ahad Kazemi, IRAN Nermin Mohamed, EGYPT Evangelos Kehris, GREECE Bouhdai Mohamed, MOROCCO Mohamad Khaldi, LEBANON Farah Mohammadi, CANADA George Kliros, GREECE S. Amirhassan Monadjemi, IRAN Peter Kokol, SLOVENIA Bartolomeo Montrucchio, ITALY Samad Kolahi,NEW ZEALAND Eduardo Mosqueira-rey, SPAIN Stavros Konstantinidis, CANADA FRANCEsco Muzi, ITALY Karamanos Konstantinos, BELGIUM Ibtissem Nafkha, TUNISIA Chorng-shiuh Koong, TAIWAN Benedek Nagy, HUNGARY Guennadi Kouzaev, NORWAY Sang-Won Nam, KOREA Aphrodite Ktena, GREECE Hamed Nassar, EGYPT Deniss Kumlander, ESTONIA Pavel Nevriva, CZECH REPUBLIC Cheng-chien Kuo, TAIWAN Cat Ho Nguyen, VIETNAM Ioannis Kyprianidis, GREECE Elena Niculescu, ROMANIA Dan Lascu, ROMANIA Vincenzo Niola, ITALY Mihaela Lascu, ROMANIA Javad Nourinia, IRAN Ljubomir Lazic, YUGOSLAVIA Juan Jesus Ocampo-Hidalgo, MEXICO Minh Hung Le, AUSTRALIA Koji Ohashi, JAPAN Shih-kai Lee, TAIWAN Roland Olsson, NORWAY Dong-liang Lee, TAIWAN Igor Ozimek, SLOVENIA Seongkee Lee, KOREA Antonio Pacheco, PORTUGAL Ioannis Gonos, GREECE Zeljko Panian, CROATIA Yong Woo Lee, KOREA Eunkwang Park ,SINGAPORE Huey-Ming Lee, TAIWAN Jin Park, USA Somchai Lekcharoen, THAILAND Federico Perez, SPAIN Vrasidas Leopoulos, GREECE Anna Perez, VENEZUELA Stephen C. H. Leung, HONG KONG S.A.R. Sakthivel Periyasamy, INDIA Sheng-Tun Li, TAIWAN Pisit Phokharatkul, THAILAND Chunshien Li, TAIWAN Olivier Ponsini, FRANCE Ying Li, TAIWAN Mircea Popa, ROMANIA Ioannis Stathopulos, GREECE Dan Popescu, ROMANIA Yiming Li, TAIWAN, Mihaela Popescu, ROMANIA Wen-Yew Liang, TAIWAN Nenad Popovich NEW ZEALAND Ioan Lie, ROMANIA Serafim Poriazis, GREECE S. S. Lin, TAIWAN Ali Pouyan, IRAN Wilfred Lin, HONG KONG S.A.R. Marius Preda, FRANCE Lily Lin, TAIWAN Kostas Psannis, GREECE Nikos Bardis, GREECE Sorapak Pukdesri, THAILAND Hongbo Liu, CHINA Ioannis Stephanakis, GREECE Ismael Lopez-Juarez, MEXICO Mohammadreza Rafiei, IRAN Ye Lu, CHINA Dejan Rancic, YUGOSLAVIA Xiaolin Lu, CHINA Nicolas Ratier, FRANCE Dan Macodiyo, JAPAN Rabin Raut, CANADA Zaigham Mahmood, UNITED KINGDOM Fuji Ren, JAPAN Bang-on Makdee, THAILAND Dimitrios Rigas, UNITED KINGDOM Mrinal Manda,l CANADA Addison Rios-Bolivar, VENEZUELA Athanassios Manikas, UNITED KINGDOM Francklin Rivas, VENEZUELA Umar Manzoor, PAKISTAN Mercedes Ruiz, SPAIN Marius Marcu, ROMANIA Jean Saade, LEBANON Ioannis Mavridis, GREECE Raafat Saade, CANADA Yulin Mei, CHINA Mohammad Ali Sadrnia, IRAN Elisabeth Metais, FRANCE Ma Sadrnia, IRAN Iwata Sakagami, JAPAN Ioannis Vardiambasis, GREECE Bouhouche Salah, ALGERIA Francisco Vasques, PORTUGAL Enrique San Millan, SPAIN Andreas Veglis, GREECE Usiel Sandler, ISRAEL Carlos Velez, COLOMBIA Oscar SanJuan, SPAIN Fernando Vidal, SPAIN Michael Schwarz, GERMANY Aristidis Vlachos, GREECE Milos Seda, CZECH REPUBLIC Luige Vladareanu, ROMANIA Tsang-Ling Sheu, TAIWAN Mirela-Catrinel Voicu, ROMANIA Chao-Cheng Shih, TAIWAN Konstantinos Voudouris, GREECE Khalil Shihab, OMAN Toshio Wakabayashi, JAPAN YUE Shihong, CHINA Shuming Wang, TAIWAN JeongYon Shim, KOREA Yi-shun Wang, TAIWAN Young-chul Shim, KOREA Ruye Wang, UNITED STATES Jungpil Shin, JAPAN Lin Wilfred, HONG KONG S.A.R. Vairis Shtrauss, LATVIA Kenneth K.Y. Wong, HONG KONG S.A.R. Carmen Simion, ROMANIA Lai Wuxing, CHINA Dharmender Singh Kushwaha, INDIA Tianbing Xia, AUSTRALIA Efstratios Skafidas, AUSTRALIA Weiwen Xu, FRANCE Suripon Somkuarnpanit, THAILAND Koichi Yamada, JAPAN Hua Song, CHINA Kiyotaka Yamamura, JAPAN Arnd Steinmetz, GERMANY Thomas Yang, USA Rodica Stoian, ROMANIA Hung-Jen Yang, TAIWAN Mu-Chun Su, TAIWAN Sheng-Yuan Yang, TAIWAN Pushpa Suri, INDIA Kapseung Yang, KOREA Miroslav Svitek, CZECH REPUBLIC Shun-Ren Yang, TAIWAN Feruglio Sylvain, FRANCE Hung-Jen Yang, TAIWAN Sabin Tabirca, IRELAND Ping-Jer Yeh, TAIWAN Razvan Tanasie, ROMANIA Jyh-haw Yeh, UNITED STATES Shaohua Tang, CHINA Hsu-Chun Yen, TAIWAN Wang Tao, CHINA Eng-Thiam Yeoh, MALAYSIA Stanislaw Tarasiewicz, CANADA Huifen Ying, CHINA Domenico Tegolo, ITALY Tetsuya Yoshida, JAPAN Kah leng Ter, SINGAPORE Enhai Yu, CHINA Spyros Tragoudas, USA Jian Yu ,CHINA Issa Traore, CANADA Eugen Zaharescu, ROMANIA Tsung-Han Tsai, TAIWAN Nadia Zanzouri, TUNISIA Ruey-Chyn Tsaur, TAIWAN Daniel Zapico, SPAIN Shian-Shyong Tseng, TAIWAN Malika Zazi, MOROCCO John Tsiligaridis, USA Wenyu Zhang, CHINA Kazuhiko Tsuda, JAPAN Hong Zheng, CHINA Hassan Ugail, UNITED KINGDOM Hong Zhu, UNITED KINGDOM George Vachtsevanos, USA Stelios Zimeras, GREECE Hans Vandierendonck, BELGIUM Blaz Zmazek, SLOVENIA

ADDITIONAL REVIEWERS: Alaa Fahmy, CANADA Jiri Misurec, CZECH REPUBLIC Shihua Liu, CHINA Marek Bykowski, POLAND Anirban Mahanti, CANADA Vairis Shtrauss, LATVIA Prasit Jiyapanichkul, THAILAND Muhammad Arif Wahla, PAKISTAN Guennadi Kouzaev, NORWAY Minh Hung Le, AUSTRALIA Valentina Balas, ROMANIA George Kliros, GREECE Javier Ramirez Perez De Inestrosa, SPAIN Jyri Rajamaki, FINLAND Brunonas Dekeris, LITHUANIA Dimitrios Ventzas, GREECE George K. Adam, GREECE Radosveta Sokullu, TURKEY Joy Iong- Zong Chen, TAIWAN Srinivasa Krishna Srivatsa, INDIA

Preface The book you are currently holding contains the Proceedings of the 11th WSEAS International Conference on COMMUNICATIONS (July 26-28, 2007), which is a part of the 11th WSEAS CSCC (Circuits, Systems, Communications, Computers) Multiconference, Agios Nikolaos, Crete Island, Greece, July 23-28, 2007.

The rapidly increasing demands on a greater distribution of information require from the communication engineer to design fast, effective, reliable and backwards compatible telecommunication systems. We live in a world where the idea of quick and immediate access to anything from anywhere is dominant. This is the exact notion that the modern telecommunication engineer must serve.

The CSCC conference is organized annually by the World Scientific and Engineering Academy and Society (WSEAS) in collaboration with important university laboratories, academies and research centers. In 2007 the CSCC international multiconference was organized by WSEAS in collaboration with IARAS (http://www.iaras.org) and the Computer Science Laboratory of Hellenic Naval Academy. Several other universities laboratories contributed with special sessions and plenary lectures as one can see below. In 2008 it will be organized by WSEAS and Universidade do Algarve in Algarve, Portugal (June 11-13, 2008).

A variety of topics constituted the focus of paper submissions. Prominent lectures provided key-note speeches for the conference. Moreover, special sessions were organized, and invited lectures were given by well-known researchers.

For this CSCC conference, the Chairmen of the International Scientific Committee were: Prof. Nikos E. Mastorakis, Hellenic Naval Academy, GREECE, Prof. Stamatios Kartalopoulos, University of Oklahoma, USA, Prof. Panos Pardalos, University of Florida, USA, Prof. Argyrios Varonides, University of Scranton, USA, Prof. Ioannis Pountourakis, National Technical University of , GREECE, Prof. Valeri Mladenov, Technical University of Sofia, BULGARIA, Prof. Zoran Bojkovic, Technical University of Belgrade, SERBIA, Prof. Emmanuel Antonidakis, Techn. Educational Institute of Crete, GREECE

The Plenary Speeches of CSCC’07 were:

• A New Look at Convexity, Duality, and Optimization by Prof. Dimitri Bertsekas, MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology Lab. for Information and Decision Systems Cambridge, MA 02139, USA)

• Key Technologies in Next Generation Optical Networks by Prof. Leonid Kazovsky, , USA

• Numerical and Parametrical Optimisation for the Simulation of a Turbulent Combustion Phenomenon in a Well-Stirred Reactor in Steady State Conditions by Professor Vincenzo Niola, Department of Mechanical Engineering for Energetic, University of Naples "Federico II", ITALY

• Study of controllability of two-order singular systems under an algebraic point of view by Prof. M. Isabel Garcia-Planas, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, Spain

• System Identification with Quantized Observations by Prof. Le Yi Wang, Wayne State University, Detroit, USA

• Island hopping with Optical Wireless: deployment and security by Prof. Stamatios Kartalopoulos, University of Oklahoma, USA

• PEM Fuel Cells Using Neural Networks by Prof. Jose Carlos Quadrado, Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Portugal

• Information Aggregation as one of the Pillars of Intelligent Systems by Prof. Imre J. Rudas, Institute of Intelligent Engineering Systems, John von Neumann Faculty of Informatics, Hungary

• Non-Linear Symbolic Program Analysis for Increased Parallelization by Prof. Kleanthis Psarris, Department of Computer Science, University of Texas at San Antonio, U.S.A.

• Novel Transform Domain Principal Component Analysis(PCA) Techniques and Some Applications : Facial and Automatic Target Recognition by Prof. Wasfy B Mikhael, School of and Computer Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA

• A Concurrent Modular Neural System for Pattern Recognition and its Applications in Biometrics and Satellite Imagery by Prof. Victor-Emil Neagoe, Polytechnic University of Bucharest, Romania

We would like to thank all members of the organizing laboratories for their contribution to the organization of the conference.

The contents of this Book, together with the contents of 3 other books, are also published in the CD-ROM Proceedings of the Conference. Both will be sent to the WSEAS collaborating indices after the conference: www.worldses.org/indexes.

In addition, the papers of this book are permanently available to all the scientific community via the WSEAS E-Library. Another additional feature of CSCC’07 was that the WSEAS society provided the participants with a username and password without an expiry date for on-line access in the WSEAS Conference proceedings (1996 -…).

Expanded and enhanced versions of papers published in these conference proceedings are also going to be considered for possible publication in one of the WSEAS journals that participate in the major International Scientific Indices (Elsevier, Scopus, EI, Compendex, INSPEC, CSA .... see: www.worldses.org/indexes ) these papers must be of high-quality (break-through work) and a new round of a very strict review will follow. (No additional fee will be required for the publication of the extended version in a journal).

We cordially thank all the people of WSEAS for their efforts to maintain the high scientific level of conferences, proceedings and journals.

The Editors

ADVANCES in COMMUNICATIONS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Comparative Analysis of IEEE 802.1x Authentication Methods 1 Monis Akhlaq, Baber Aslam, Muzammil A. Khan, M. Noman Jafri

A Solution to Spoofed PS-Poll Based Denial of Service Attacks in IEEE 802.11 WLANs 7 Zaffar I. Qureshi, Baber Aslam, Athar Mohsin, Yonus Javed

A Generalized Function for Reputation Estimation 12 Javed I. Khan, Sajid S. Shaikh

New ID-Based AAA Authentication System 18 Young-Bok Cho, Sang-Ho Lee

Security: Important Issue in E-Commerce 23 Zahra Ahmadi-Brooghani

Digital Image Watermarking by Spread Spectrum 29 Andreja Samcovic, Jan Turan

Vulnerability Assessment and Security of Scalable and Bandwidth Elastic Next Generation PONs 33 Stamatios V. Kartalopoulos, Di Jin

Electronics and Optical Communique Bottlenecks by 2007 40 N. Khan, Z. Saleem, A. Wahid

IMS in the Next Generation Network 45 Tatiana Kovacikova, Pavol Segec, Milan Kubina

Enabling Interoperability Between Mobile IM and Different IM Applications Using Jabber 51 Mohd Hilmi Hasan, Zuraidah Sulaiman, Nazleeni Samiha Haron, Azlan Fazly Mustaza

Multimedia SMS Reading in Mobile Phone 56 R. Talafova, G. Rozinaj, J. Cepko

A Simple System Providing Location-Based Service on Urban Area 60 Kin-Yeung Wong, Yiu-Man Choi

Tool Development for Post Processing Analysis of WCDMA Measurements 66 Evangelos A. Kokkinos, Emmanouil Michalodimitrakis, Theodosia Hohlidaki, Emilia Fotinopoulou, John Makris

The Use of Space Diversity for UHF Digital TV Mobile Reception 71 G. L. Siqueira, J. F. B. Cavalcanti, F. S. Jardim, R. E. Piazza

Evaluation of Information Transmission with Parallel Pilot Signal for Multipath Estimation Based on 77 Kronecker Product with DFT Toshiaki Imoto, Naoki Suehiro

End-to-End Loss Probabilities in Different Internet-like Networks with a Given Average Hop Count 83 Maurizio Longo, Fabio Postiglione

The Performance of HSDPA-HDR in Delay-Constrained Applications: Closed Form Expressions 89 Nizar Zorba, Ana I. Perez-Neira, Miguel A. Lagunas

Efficient Queuing Architecture for a Buffered Crossbar Switch 95 Michael S. Berger

A New Approach for Scheduling in Cell-Based Routers 102 Grigoris Baklavas, Manos Roumeliotis

Combining Aggregation and Scheduling using an iterative Maximal Weight Matching Switch Scheduler 108 Brian Bach Mortensen

Design and Implementation of the Software Framework for Distributed Computing 115 Kin-Yeung Wong, Yin-Man Choi, Seng-Wa Lam

Optimum Design of Broad-Beam Microstrip Reflectarray 121 Piyaporn Krachodnok, Rangsan Wongsan

Enhanced Performance of Microstrip-fed Wide Slot Antenna using Periodic Gaps in Dielectric Substrate 127 S. Singh, R. K. Sarin

Impedance Characteristics for Microstrip-fed Wide Slot Antenna using Volume Integral Equation Approach 130 R. K. Sarin, S. Singh

Capacity of a UMTS System for Aeronautical Communications 135 Miguel Calvo Ramon, Ramon Martinez Rodriguez-Osorio, Bazil Taha Ahmed, Juan Jose Iglesias Jimenez

Exposure Assessment in the Vicinity of 900 MHz GSM Base Station Antenna 139 Mimoza Ibrani, Luan Ahma, Enver Hamiti, Ruzhdi Sefa

Ultrawideband Elliptical Microstrip Antenna Using Different Taper Lines for Feeding 144 Sami S. S. Abuhalima, Esmat A. F. Abdallah, Darwish A. E. Mohamed

Novel Broadband Antenna Configuration for Wireless Communications Applications 150 Hala Elsadek, Dalia M. Nashaat

Throughput Improvement of Optimal Turbo Coded V-BLAST Technique in MIMO-AM System 156 Kyunghwan Lee, Sangjin Ryoo, Kwangwook Choi, Insik Cho, Gillsang Yoon, Mingoo Kang, Intae Hwang, Cheolsung Kim

Performance Analysis of the Combined AMC-MIMO Systems using MCS Level Selection Technique 162 Sangjin Ryoo, Kwangwook Choi, Kyunghwan Lee, Insik Cho, Gilsang Yoon, Mingoo Kang, Intae Hwang, Cheolsung Kim

Intra/Inter Algorithm for B Frame Processing in H.264/AVC Encoder 167 Zoran Milicevic, Zoran Bojkovic

Applying the Correlated Gamma Statistics in Channel Capacity Evaluation for Dual-branch MRC Diversity 173 over Correlated-fading Channels Joy Iong-Zong Chen, Chieh Wen Liou, Wen Sheng Tu

Designing and Evaluation of an MC-DS-CDMA System with Dual-dimension Rake Receiver 178 Joy Iong-Zong Chen, Yen-Jung Su

QCIF Image Transmission Quality Analysis over Different Modem Schemes 184 Mohamed Fourati, Lamia Chaari, Nouri Masmoudi, Lotfi Kamoun

Candidate Spectral Estimation for Cognitive Radio 190 Miguel A. Rojas, Miguel A. Lagunas, Ana I. Perez

Software Application for Hata-Okumura Model 198 Edgar Alejandro Andrade Gonzalez, Mario Reyes Ayala, Jose Alfredo Tirado Mendez, Tania Garrido Perez Intelligent Reminder System of Having Medicine for Chronic Patients 202 Hsu Chun-Liang

YPOP Indoor Navigation and Service Information System for Public Environments 208 Julius Tuomisto, Jyri Rajamaki

The System of Laser Inter-Satellite Communication 214 Marketa Smejkalova Mazalkova

WCDMA Handover Optimization Guidelines 219 Sebastian Pons, Florentino Jimenez

Performance for DSI Satellite System in Voice Applications 224 Mario Reyes-Ayala, Edgar Alejandro Andrade-Gonzalez,Jos Alfredo Tirado-M Ndez, Hildeberto Jard N-Aguilar

Communication Scheme for Airport Service Vehicles Navigation 228 Tomas Zelinka, Miroslav Svitek

A Method of Improving SCR for Millimeter Wave FM-CW Radar without Knowledge of Target and Clutter 235 Statistics Fumio Nishiyama, Hideo Murakami

Yaw Phase Mode Attitude Control Using Z Wheel Modeling for LEO Microsatellite 243 A. M. Si Mohammed, M. Benyettou, A. Boudjemai, Y. Hashida, M. N. Sweeting

Analytic Solution of Nadir Attitude Pointing for LEO Microsatellite 250 A. M. Si Mohammed, M. Benyettou, A. Boudjemai, Y. Hashida, M. N. Sweeting

Using Adaptive Modulation in a LEO Satellite Communication System 255 L. Hadj Abderrahmane, M. Benyettou

An Approximated Detection Method for Sequential Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks 260 Dmitry Kramarev, Insoo Koo, Kiseon Kim

Reliability and Scalability of Wireless Kilavi Building Control Platform 266 Mikael Soini, Lauri Sydanheimo, Markku Kivikoski

Channel Coding as a Cryptography Enhancer 273 Natasa Zivic, Christoph Ruland

Bandwidth Optimization Control Protocol for 4G Wireless Mobile Internet 279 Mahmoud Al-Shawabkeh, Rosli Salleh, Xichun Li

SC Diversity with Equal and Un-equal Gain Branches in Correlated-Weibull Fading Environments 285 Joy Iong-Zong Chen, Ying Chuan-Chen

Data Fusion Algorithms in Cluster-based Wireless Sensor Networks Using Fuzzy Logic Theory 291 Weilian Su, Theodoros C. Bougiouklis

Dependable Data Aggregation on Cluster-based Wireless Sensor Networks 300 Yue-Shan Chang, Jiun-Hua Huang, Tong-Ying Juang

Designing an S Band Receiver for LEO Applications 306 L. Hadj Abderrahmane, M. Benyettou, M. Sweeting, J. R. Cooksley, P. Garner

Jointing UWB Techniques with Multi-Carrier Spread Spectrum Systems in Fading Channels 313 Joy Iong-Zong Chen, Li-Jung Liu

Analysis of EEG Background Activity in Autism Disease Patients with Bispectrum and STFT Measure 318 A. Sheikhani, H. Behnam, M. R. Mohammadi, M. Noroozian

UMTS Optimization based on the Minimization of the Detected Network Window 323 David Ortega Sicilia, A. Santiago Torres Lopez, Rafael Herradon Diez

Design and Analysis of a TDMA Call Assignment Scheme for Cellular Networks 327 Hammed Nassar, Hassan Al-Mahdi

A Low-Complexity PAR Reduction Method for WFMT System 334 Roman M. Vitenberg

Performance Evaluation of BCH Correcting Codes on a Fading Channel using OFDM Modulation 340 A. Seddiki, A. Djebbari, J. M. Rouvaen, A. Taleb-Ahmed

On the OFDM Systems Combining with Different Diversities over Selective Fading Channels 347 Joy Iong-Zong Chen, Sheng-Jie Lin

A Novel Approach for Random Interleavers in IDMA System 353 Amina Jameel, Imtiaz Ahmad Khokhar, M. N. Jafri, Raja Iqbal, Ahmad Raza

Multifunction Board Unit for Public Transport Vehicle 357 Ivo Herman, Milan Vajdik

Reconfigurable Wireless Handset Realization Based on a Universal API 361 Babak D. Beheshti

Improved Simulation System Performance for Wireless Communications using Efficient Multi-Threading 366 Architectures P. M. Papazoglou, D. A. Karras, R. C. Papademetriou

A Cross-Layer Design for Efficient Video Transmission over Wireless Networks: Statistical QoS 372 Optimisation Zoran Bojkovic, Dragorad Milovanovic

Requirements for a New Resource Reservation Model in Hybrid Access Wireless Network 377 Tudor Palade, Emanuel Puschita

Multiple OVSF codes Assignment with Crowded Branch First Strategy in WCDMA Systems 383 Min-Xiou Chen

A Solution for Equalization in Wireless Channel Communications 389 Marius-Cristian Niculescu

IEEE 802.11 Wireless Network Simulator Using Verilog 393 Baber Aslam, Monis Akhlaq, Shoab A. Khan

Authors Index

Abdallah, E. A. F. 144 Ibrani, M. 139 Niculescu, M.-C. 389 Abderrahmane, L. H. 255, 306 Iglesias Jimenez, J. J. 135 Nishiyama, F. 235 Abuhalima, S. S. S. 144 Imoto, T. 77 Noroozian, M. 318 Aguilar, H. J. 224 Iqbal, R. 353 Palade, T. 377 Ahma, L. 139 Jafri, M. N. 1, 353 Papademetriou, R. C. 366 Ahmadi-Brooghani, Z. 23 Jameel, A. 353 Papazoglou, P. M. 366 Ahmed, B. T. 135 Jardim, F. S. 71 Perez-Neira, A. I. 89, 190 Akhlaq, M. 1, 393 Javed, Y. 7 Piazza, R. E. 71 Al-Mahdi, H. 327 Jimenez, F. 219 Pons, S. 219 Al-Shawabkeh, M. 279 Jin, D. 33 Postiglione, F. 83 Andrade Gonzalez, E. A. 198, 224 Juang, T.-Y. 300 Puschita, E. 377 Aslam, B. 1, 7, 393 Kamoun, L. 184 Qureshi, Z. I. 7 Baklavas, G. 102 Kang, M. 156, 162 Rajamaki, J. 208 Beheshti, B. D. 361 Karras, D. A. 366 Raza, A. 353 Behnam, H. 318 Kartalopoulos, S. V. 33 Reyes Ayala, M. 198, 224 Benyettou, M. 243, 250 Khan, J. I. 12 Rodriguez-Osorio, R. M. 135 255, 306 Khan, M. A. 1 Rojas, M. A. 190 Berger, M. S. 95 Khan, N. 40 Roumeliotis, M. 102 Bojkovic, Z. 167, 372 Khan, S. A. 393 Rouvaen, J. M. 340 Boudjemai, A. 243, 250 Khokhar, I. A. 353 Rozinaj, G. 56 Bougiouklis, T. C. 291 Kim, C. 156, 162 Ruland, C. 273 Calvo Ramon, M. 135 Kim, K. 260 Ryoo, S. 156, 162 Cavalcanti, J. F. B. 71 Kivikoski, M. 266 Saleem, Z. 40 Cepko, J. 56 Kokkinos, E. A. 66 Salleh, R. 279 Chaari, L. 184 Koo, I. 260 Samcovic, A. 29 Chang, Y.-S. 300 Kovacikova, T. 45 Sarin, R. K. 127, 130 Chen, J. I.-Z. 173, 178, 285 Krachodnok, P. 121 Seddiki, A. 340 313, 347 Kramarev, D. 260 Sefa, R. 139 Chen, M.-X. 383 Kubina, M. 45 Segec, P. 45 Cho, I. 156, 162 Lagunas, M. A. 89, 190 Shaikh, S. S. 12 Cho, Y.-B. 18 Lam, S.-W. 115 Sheikhani, A. 318 Choi, K. 156, 162 Lee, K. 156, 162 Si Mohammed, A. M. 243, 250 Choi, Y.-M. 60, 115 Lee, S.-H. 18 Sicilia, D. O. 323 Chuan-Chen, Y. 285 Li, X. 279 Singh, S. 127, 130 Chun-Liang, H. 202 Lin, S.-J. 347 Siqueira, G. L. 71 Cooksley, J. R. 306 Liou, C. W. 173 Smejkalova Mazalkova, M. 214 Djebbari, A. 340 Liu, L.-J. 313 Soini, M. 266 Elsadek, H. 150 Longo, M. 83 Su, W. 291 Fotinopoulou, E. 66 Makris, J. 66 Su, Y.-J. 178 Fourati, M. 184 Masmoudi, N. 184 Suehiro, N. 77 Garner, P. 306 Michalodimitrakis, E. 66 Sulaiman, Z. 51 Garrido Perez, T. 198 Milicevic, Z. 167 Svitek, M. 228 Hamiti, E. 139 Milovanovic, D. 372 Sweeting, M. N. 243, 250, 306 Haron, N. S. 51 Mohamed, D. A. E. 144 Sydanheimo, L. 266 Hasan, M. H. 51 Mohammadi, M. R. 318 Talafova, R. 56 Hashida, Y. 243, 250 Mohsin, A. 7 Taleb-Ahmed, A. 340 Herman, I. 357 Mortensen, B. B. 108 Tirado Mendez, J. A. 198, 224 Herradon Diez, R. 323 Murakami, H. 235 Torres Lopez, A. S. 323 Hohlidaki, T. 66 Mustaza, A. F. 51 Tu, W. S. 173 Huang, J.-H. 300 Nashaat, D. M. 150 Tuomisto, J. 208 Hwang, I. 156, 162 Nassar, H. 327 Turan, J. 29

Authors Index

Vajdik, M. 357 Wong, K.-Y. 60, 115 Zelinka, T. 228 Vitenberg, R. M. 334 Wongsan, R. 121 Zivic, N. 273 Wahid, A. 40 Yoon, G. 156, 162 Zorba, N. 89