Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions Lecture 11: Last Lecture: Putting Things Together April 23, 2018 Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions Overview Course Administration Good, Bad and Ugly Tying Things Together: Stories Tying Things Together: Visualizations that Communicate R Functions Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions Course Administration 1. Presentations next week 2. Policy brief and presentation handout 3. Updated (?) grades online 4. Online evaluations open! Please give feedback 5. Missing anything from me? Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions Today's Final Good Bad and Ugly • Alex Sexton Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions Alex's Chart From https://howmuch.net/articles/international-trade-as-a-share-of-state-GDP Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions Knaflic: Graphics to Tell Stories Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions Knaflic’s 5 Case Studies 1. Color considerations with a dark background 2. Leveraging animation in the visuals you present 3. Establishing logic in order 4. Strategies for avoiding the spaghetti graph 5. Alternatives to pie charts Wording is all Knaflic’s. Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions Knaflic’s 5 Case Studies 1. Color considerations with a dark background 2. Leveraging animation in the visuals you present 3. Establishing logic in order 4. Strategies for avoiding the spaghetti graph 5. Alternatives to pie charts Wording is all Knaflic’s. Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions 2. Animation • Don't use animation { figures that move without your guidance • Do use sequential reveal • Great example of same figure in presentation and paper Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions How Do You Get People to Pay Attention to the Important Parts? Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions Frame the Analysis Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions Start at the Beginning Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions Add Step by Step Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions Step by Step Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions Step by Step Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions Till the End Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions And For Print Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions 3. Logic in order • Highlight what you want people to focus on • With order • With color • With text Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions What's Important Here? Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions Suppose We Care Most About User Satisfaction Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions Suppose We Care Most About User Dissatisfaction Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions Or About Which Feature is Least Used Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions What if You Want to Highlight All Three? Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions What if You Want to Highlight All Three? Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions Highlighting All Three, Part 2 Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions Highlighting All Three, Part 3 Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions Putting It All Together: Best for Print Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions 4. No Spaghetti • Instead of the book's example, another from her website • Transforming hard-to-read bars to easier-to-read formats • Many similar ideas apply Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions Pew Charts on Number of Newly Married Adults What's Wrong and How to Fix? Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions Show Change Over Time Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions Can You Pick Out the Point Here? Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions Highlighting the Increase for You Guys Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions What Would You Want to Pull Out? Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions Highlighting Peak and Trough Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions Mulbrandon's Graphics Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions Visualizing Economics • Mulbrandon has a BA in economics, and a postgraduate degree in design • Experience in finance industry • Now runs a data visualization firm • To make this book she used Excel, OmniGraphSketcher (no longer available), Illustrator, R and InDesign (publishing) Admin G/B/U Tying Tying R: Functions Which Techniques is She Using? • What's the story she's trying to convey? • Look at each graph and think about the underlying techniques • Two static and two building Person Household 040 1 Tax Unit Family Family Household Household of unrelated people Household of a single person Household of a family & unrelated people Family Household (unrelated people not included) 040 Tax Units Filing Jointly 1 Census Bureau Income Earner Census Census Bureau Household Census Census Bureau Family Census Congresstional Budget Oce Household CBO 040 IRS Returns 1 IRS 040 IRS Returns Filing Jointly 1 IRS CIA Factbook CIA Bureau of Economic Analysis BEA Bureau of Labor Statistics BLS Various Multiple Sources Summary Statistics Multiple Sources Individual Income Various Bureau of Labor Statistics BLS 1901–2002 CostFamily of Housing Household in the 20th Century BLS F . 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N b oo e r i Bu Bu o e l m a n d F i a i v v w dg T g x e s r t o i m v e a e a n t o o o s s d a r e e e l f l h h n d n g n n n t e y a t t r r r WW II Cold War WW I Korean Persian Afghanistan Vietnam Gulf Iraq $20,000 1975 Great Great Depression Recession 15,000 2010 US Dollars 10,000 Annual Cost of Housing 5,000 Urban Areas Only, Adjusted for Ination 0 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 Hot and cold piped water, a bathtub or shower, More homes had a full bathroom. and a ush toilet 55% 99% More housing built for more people 34 million 112 million with fewer people living together 3.7 2.6 Median square feet of oor area in new single-family houses while the size of houses increased. ~1,000 2,135 1940 2000 VisualizingEconomics.com 152 Sources: US Bureau of Labor Statistics, “100 Years of US Consumer Spending: Data for the Nation, New York City, and Boston,” Report no. 991 • US Census Bureau Person Household 040 1 Tax Unit Family Family Household Household of unrelated people Household of a single person Household of a family & unrelated people Family Household (unrelated people not included) 040 Tax Units Filing Jointly 1 Census Bureau Income Earner Census Census Bureau Household Census Census Bureau Family Census Congresstional Budget Oce Household CBO 040 IRS Returns 1 IRS 040 IRS Returns Filing Jointly 1 IRS CIA Factbook CIA Bureau of Economic Analysis BEA Bureau of Labor Statistics BLS Various Multiple Sources Summary Statistics 2011 Multiple Sources Individual Income Various Wages of All Occupations by Education MedianMedian Hourly Hourly Wage Wage (2011(2011 US Dollars) USBureau Dollars) of Labor Statistics EstimatedBLSEstimated AnnualAnnual Salary Salary $9 0 $9 Family0 Household $183,600$183,600BLS Oral and maxillofacialOral and maxillofacial surgeons surgeons 80 80 OrthodontistOrthodontists s 163,200163,200 Physicians Pandhysicians surgeon ands surgeons 70 70 Airline pilots,Airline copilots, pilots, and copilots, flight engineerand flights engineers 142,800142,800 Dentists, generaDentists,l general Dentists, allD entistsother spec, all iotalisthesr specialists 60 60 Natural sciencesNatural manager sciencess managers EngineeringEngineering managers managers 122,400122,400 PetroleumP engineeretroleums engineers Computer Caonmd pinfuteormr aatndio infn ormation systems manager systemss managers ProsthodontistProsthodontists s Air trac controllerAir tracs controllers MarketingM managerarketings managers Lawyers Lawyers Physicists Physicists PharmacistPsharmacists 50 50 Chief executiveChiefs executives Computer Chardwareomputer hardwareengineers engineerSaless managerSaless managers Computer Caonmd pinfuteormr aationnd inf ormation 102,000102,000 Political sciPenoltistiticals scientists scientists, researcscientists,h research OptometriOstptos metrists Industrial productionIndustrial production managers managers Geoscientists,Geoscientists, except except AerospaceA engineererospaces engineers Public relatPiuoblnsi cm relatanageionrs managers hydrologists hydrologists and geographer and geographers s Nuclear engineerNuclears engineers PurchasingP urchasingmanagers managers PostsecondaryPostsecondary teachers teachers Sales engineerSaless engineers PodiatristsPodiatrists Engineers,E allngineers, other all other Medical andM edicalhealth and services health manager servicess managerMathematicians Mathematicians s EconomistsEconomists Medical scientists,Medical scientists, VeterinarianVeterinarians s 40 40 Geological Gandeological petroleum and petroleum technician stechnicians Materials scientistsMaterials scientists AdvertisingA dvertisingand promotions and promotions managers manager excepts epidemiologist except epidemiologists s Mining machineMining operators, machine operators,all other all other First-line supervisors/managersFirst-line supervisors/managers of of Civil engineerCivils engineers 83,20083,200 Gas compressorGas compressor and and police and policedetective ands detectives Radiation therapistRadiations therapists AdministrativeAdministrative services manager servicess managers ChiropractorChiropractors s gas pumping gas station pumping operator stations operators CommercialCommercial pilots pilots OperationsO researchperations analyst researchs analystsComputer Csystemsomputer analyst systemss analysts Nuclear powerNuclear reactor power operator reactors operators First-line supervisors/managersFirst-line supervisors/managers of of Chemists Chemists fire fighting fire and fighting prevention and prevention workers workers StatisticiansStatisticians VocationalV educatocationioaln educatteacheiros,n teachers, Ship engineerShips engineers Nuclear medNuiccleainer tec medhniologcine itecstshnologists