Cansuturk Thesis Submission.Pdf

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Cansuturk Thesis Submission.Pdf MAKING OF THE CITY: UNCOVERING THE PLAN GAME A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF NATURAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES OF MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY BY CANSU TÜRK IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARCHITECTURE IN ARCHITECTURE JULY 2021 Approval of the thesis: MAKING OF THE CITY: UNCOVERING THE PLAN GAME submitted by CANSU TÜRK in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Architecture, Middle East Technical University by, Prof. Dr. Halil Kalıpçılar Dean, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences Prof. Dr. F. Cânâ Bilsel Head of the Department, Architecture Assist. Prof. Dr. Esin Kömez Dağlıoğlu Supervisor, Architecture, METU Examining Committee Members: Prof. Dr. F. Cânâ Bilsel Architecture, METU Assist. Prof. Dr. Esin Kömez Dağlıoğlu Architecture, METU Assist. Prof. Dr. Heves Beşeli Architecture, TEDU Date: 09.07.2021 I hereby declare that all information in this document has been obtained and presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conduct. I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all material and results that are not original to this work. Name Last name : Cansu Türk Signature : iv ABSTRACT MAKING OF THE CITY: UNCOVERING THE PLAN GAME Türk, Cansu Master of Architecture, Architecture Supervisor : Assist. Prof. Dr. Esin Kömez Dağlıoğlu July 2021, 139 pages Throughout the design process of a built environment, considering architecture and urban design separately and not associating them spatially cause the fundamental obstacle in integrating these fields. The thesis seeks to analyze the possibility of an alternative approach towards making of the city by emphasizing the spatial and typological features of architecture and focusing on the relation between the urban spaces and architecture. Besides, it highlights the value of benefiting from architectural precedents in the design process. In this regard, Plan Game invented by Colin Rowe, Bernhard Hoesli, Robert Slutzky, and John Hejduk in the 1950s in Texas University could offer such an alternative position, which has been studied limitedly yet in the field of architecture. Plan Game emphasizes the integration of spatial and typological qualities of architecture with the urban design process. By analyzing the techniques and content of the drawing, its actors, its context, and its pedagogical dimension, this thesis uncovers the Plan Game and discusses the possible contribution of this approach to urban and architectural researches. The thesis also analyzes three in-class exercises referencing Plan Game as a pedagogical reflection of this creative recombination approach: the studio assignment of Bernhard Hoesli at ETH Zurich, the Exquisite Conurbation exercise that Mark v Morris continued for a semester at Cornell University, and the City of Composite Presence produced by two graduate students at Cornell University. Within the scope of the thesis, Plan Game Workshop Series was organized with the participation of faculty members, practicing architects, and graduate students to carry this valuable exercise to the contemporary discussion and observe diverse approaches towards the interaction between the architecture and urban spaces. Hence, the thesis discusses diverse aspects of Plan Game to uncover underlying ideas of the drawing and track the possible integration of this fictitious exercise to the architectural design studios as a pedagogical tool. Keywords: Plan Game, architectural precedent, urban design, creative recombination, collage vi ÖZ KENT OLUŞUMU: PLAN GAME’İN DEŞİFRESİ Türk, Cansu Yüksek Lisans, Mimarlık Tez Yöneticisi: Dr. Öğretim Üyesi Esin Kömez Dağlıoğlu Temmuz 2021, 139 sayfa Yapılı çevrenin tasarım sürecinde mimari ve kentsel tasarımın ayrı ayrı ele alınması ve mekânsal olarak ilişkilendirilmemesi, bu alanların bütünleştirilmesinde temel bir engel oluşturmaktadır. Bu tez, mimarlığın mekânsal ve tipolojik özelliklerini vurgulayarak ve kent ile mimari arasındaki ilişkiye odaklanarak, alternatif bir kent oluşturma yöntemini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Ayrıca tasarım sürecinde mimari emsallerden yararlanmanın önemini vurgulamaktadır. Bu bağlamda, mimarlık disiplininde şimdiye kadar derinlemesine çalışılmamış olan ve 1950’lerde Teksas Üniversitesi’nde Colin Rowe, Bernhard Hoesli, Robert Slutzky ve John Hejduk öncülüğünde oluşturulan Plan Game, mimarlık ve kentsel mekân arasındaki ilişkiye alternatif bir yaklaşım sunabileceği öngörülmektedir. Plan Game, mekânsal ve tipolojik niteliklerin tasarım süreciyle bütünleşmesini vurgulamaktadır. Bu tez, Plan Game’i analiz etmekte, bu yaklaşımın çizim tekniklerini, içeriğini, aktörlerini, bağlamını ve Plan Game’in pedagojik boyutunu da ele alarak, kentsel ve mimari araştırmalara olası katkısını tartışmaktadır. Tez aynı zamanda Plan Game’e referans alınarak yürütülen üç sınıf içi alıştırmayı, yaratıcı birleştirme yaklaşımının pedagojik yansıması olarak incelemektedir: Bernhard Hoesli’nin ETH Zurich’de yürüttüğü stüdyo çalışması, Mark Morris’in Cornell Üniversitesi’nde bir dönem boyunca vii sürdürdüğü Exquisite Conurbation alıştırması ve Cornell Üniversitesi’nde iki lisansüstü öğrenci tarafından üretilen City of Composite Presence. Tez kapsamında ayrıca, bu değerli tartışmayı çağdaş tartışmaya taşımak ve mimarlık ile kentsel mekânlar arasındaki etkileşime yönelik farklı yaklaşımları gözlemlemek için; öğretim üyelerinin, uygulamacı mimarların ve lisansüstü öğrencilerinin katılımıyla gerçekleştirilen Plan Game Atölye Serisi düzenlenmiştir. Dolayısıyla, tez çalışması çizimin altında yatan fikirleri ortaya çıkarmak ve bu kurgusal alıştırmanın pedagojik bir araç olarak mimari tasarım stüdyolarına olası etkisini gözlemlemek için Plan Game’i çeşitli yönlerini tartışmaktadır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Plan Game, mimari öncü, kentsel tasarım, yaratıcı birleştirme, kolaj viii To my father ix ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First and foremost I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my supervisor Assist. Prof. Dr. Esin Kömez Dağlıoğlu who has patiently supported this research with her incredible encouragement, guidance, criticism and motivating comments throughout the research process. Without her contribution, this study could not have been completed. Therefore, my appreciation to her can never be enough. I would also like to thank the examining committee, Prof. Dr. Cânâ Bilsel and Assist. Prof. Dr. Heves Beşeli for their comprehensive discussions and inspiring comments for the thesis. I would also like to thank Prof. Dr. Berin Gür, Assist. Prof. Dr. Başak Uçar, and Matthew van der Ploeg for their invaluable comments and supports. I express my deepest gratitude to all of the participants to the Plan Game Workshop Series including faculty members, practicing architects and graduate students due to their valuable contributions to the thesis. I am forever indebted to them. I am also grateful to my colleagues Elif Ezgi Öztürk, Nehir Melis Uzun, Sena Çatal, Merve Nur Yurt, and Alâ Taleb for their moral and intellectual support. I would also like to express my thanks to Anıl Karzek who was witnessed each phase of this process and has always accompanied me with patience. A big appreciation goes to my support team: Süleyman İyigün, İhsan Tolga Korucu, Berk Başaran, Alp Çağatay Batuhan, Abdülkadir Şanlı, and Mehmet Can Akkaya for being always supportive to me, especially during the most challenging times. Lastly, I would like to express my appreciation to all members of my family for their endless love, support and understanding, especially to my mother Güzide Türk and to my sister Pelin Türk. I am very lucky to have such a caring family. x TABLE OF CONTENT ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................... v ÖZ ........................................................................................................................... vii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ....................................................................................... ix TABLE OF CONTENT ........................................................................................... xi LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................... xiii CHAPTERS 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................. 1 2 ON THE CANONICAL POSITIONS TOWARDS THE REPRESENTATION OF THE CITY AND ITS ARCHITECTURE ......................................................... 11 2.1 Nolli’s Pianta Grande di Roma ................................................................ 11 2.2 Piranesi’s Pianta di Roma ........................................................................ 16 2.3 Fabrizi’s Antiquae Urbis Imago and Piranesi’s Campo Marzio .............. 21 3 UNCOVERING THE PLAN GAME ............................................................... 31 3.1 Actors | The Texas Rangers ...................................................................... 33 3.2 Creative Recombination ........................................................................... 37 3.3 Analysis of the Architectural Fragments of Plan Game Drawing ........... 42 3.4 Architectural Precedent in Relation to Plan Game .................................. 49 4 RECONSIDERATION OF PLAN GAME AS A PEDAGOGICAL METHOD ................................................................................................................ 55 4.1 Bernhard Hoesli’s Assignment at ETH Zurich .......................................
Recommended publications
  • The Dual Language of Geometry in Gothic Architecture: the Symbolic Message of Euclidian Geometry Versus the Visual Dialogue of Fractal Geometry
    Peregrinations: Journal of Medieval Art and Architecture Volume 5 Issue 2 135-172 2015 The Dual Language of Geometry in Gothic Architecture: The Symbolic Message of Euclidian Geometry versus the Visual Dialogue of Fractal Geometry Nelly Shafik Ramzy Sinai University Follow this and additional works at: https://digital.kenyon.edu/perejournal Part of the Ancient, Medieval, Renaissance and Baroque Art and Architecture Commons Recommended Citation Ramzy, Nelly Shafik. "The Dual Language of Geometry in Gothic Architecture: The Symbolic Message of Euclidian Geometry versus the Visual Dialogue of Fractal Geometry." Peregrinations: Journal of Medieval Art and Architecture 5, 2 (2015): 135-172. https://digital.kenyon.edu/perejournal/vol5/iss2/7 This Feature Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Art History at Digital Kenyon: Research, Scholarship, and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Peregrinations: Journal of Medieval Art and Architecture by an authorized editor of Digital Kenyon: Research, Scholarship, and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Ramzy The Dual Language of Geometry in Gothic Architecture: The Symbolic Message of Euclidian Geometry versus the Visual Dialogue of Fractal Geometry By Nelly Shafik Ramzy, Department of Architectural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Sinai University, El Masaeed, El Arish City, Egypt 1. Introduction When performing geometrical analysis of historical buildings, it is important to keep in mind what were the intentions
    [Show full text]
  • Caterina Frisone and Mark Shapiro Werner Seligmann. a Pedagogical
    TEACHING-LEARNING-RESEARCH: DESIGN AND ENVIRONMENTS • Paper / Proposal Title: Werner Seligmann and the Syracuse School of Architecture (1976-1990). A Pedagogical Legacy • Author(s) Name: Caterina Frisone, Mark Shapiro • University or Company Affiliation: Oxford Brookes University • Abstract: In the attempt to explore and bring to the attention of educators and researchers a pedagogical model that has had a strong impact on architectural education, this research presents the fundamental contribution of an academic curriculum that has yet to be told. Dean of the Syracuse University School of Architecture between 1976 and 1990, Werner Seligmann focused his pedagogy on the belief that "architecture can be taught" and built the School strengthening its "Identity", "Team" and "Curriculum" and increasing its visibility and centrality in the international educational network. Within the curriculum, the entire teaching was structured around the principles of the art of ‘space-making’, the importance of the historical precedent and the responsibility of the architect towards the urban realm, creating a solid foundation for the student's architectural thinking. Seeing the classroom as a "laboratory" to monitor how space affects learning and the core of the whole school as a manifesto of active, dynamic and evolving knowledge, Seligmann was adamant in enhancing the entire academic community with lectures, exhibitions, competitions, publications and more. With the establishment of the Florence program, he completed his academic strategy to empower faculty and students, in which traveling and sketching were the real tools for absorbing knowledge of the past and analysis was the means of extracting architectural principles. By "raising the bar" and transmitting his energy to all who met him, he worked to increase the student's self-esteem and ambition.
    [Show full text]
  • Mark Jarzombek
    MARK JARZOMBEK C U R R I C U L U M V I T A E ____________________________________________ Current Academic and Administrative Positions • Professor, History and Theory of Architecture, Department of Architecture, MIT, 2005 to the present • Co-Founder with Vikramāditya Prakāsh of Global Architecture History Teaching Collaborative, (funded by a million dollar grant from the Andrew Mellon Foundation) Past Academic and Administrative Positions • Interim Dean, School of Architecture and Planning, MIT, 2014 to 2015 • Associate Dean, School of Architecture and Planning, MIT, 2007 to 2014 • Director of History, Theory, and Criticism of Architecture and Art, Department of Architecture, MIT, 1996-2007 • Associate Professor, History and Theory of Architecture, Department of Architecture, MIT, 1996-2005 • Visiting Associate Professor of the History of Architecture, MIT, 1995-1996 • Associate Professor, History of Architecture and Urbanism, Cornell University, 1993-1995 • Assistant Professor, History of Architecture and Urbanism, Cornell University, 1987-1993 Education 1986 Ph.D., History of Architecture, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 1980 Diplom Architektur, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (E.T. H.), Zurich 1970 -1973 University of Chicago Academic Membership • Society of Architectural Historians Member: Spring 1980– Board Member: Fall 1993–Spring 1996 • College Art Association Member: Fall 1980– • DOCOMOMO (New England Chapter) Member: Spring 1995 – • Institut fur Orts-, Regional- und Landesplanning, E.T.H., Zurich Member, Board of
    [Show full text]
  • Assessing Alexander's Later Contributions to a Science of Cities
    Review Assessing Alexander’s Later Contributions to a Science of Cities Michael W. Mehaffy KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 114 28 Stockholm, Sweden; mmehaff[email protected] or michael.mehaff[email protected] Received: 23 April 2019; Accepted: 28 May 2019; Published: 30 May 2019 Abstract: Christopher Alexander published his longest and arguably most philosophical work, The Nature of Order, beginning in 2003. Early criticism assessed that text to be a speculative failure; at best, unrelated to Alexander’s earlier, mathematically grounded work. On the contrary, this review presents evidence that the newer work was a logically consistent culmination of a lifelong and remarkably useful inquiry into part-whole relations—an ancient but still-relevant and even urgent topic of design, architecture, urbanism, and science. Further evidence demonstrates that Alexander’s practical contributions are remarkably prodigious beyond architecture, in fields as diverse as computer science, biology and organization theory, and that these contributions continue today. This review assesses the potential for more particular contributions to the urban professions from the later work, and specifically, to an emerging “science of cities.” It examines the practical, as well as philosophical contributions of Alexander’s proposed tools and methodologies for the design process, considering both their quantitative and qualitative aspects, and their potential compatibility with other tools and strategies now emerging from the science of cities. Finally, it highlights Alexander’s challenge to an architecture profession that seems increasingly isolated, mired in abstraction, and incapable of effectively responding to larger technological and philosophical challenges. Keywords: Christopher Alexander; The Nature of Order; pattern language; structure-preserving transformations; science of cities 1.
    [Show full text]
  • The Patterns of Architecture/T3xture
    THE PATTERNS OF ARCHITECTURE NIKOS A. SALINGAROS Published in Lynda Burke, Randy Sovich, and Craig Purcell, Editors: T3XTURE No. 3, CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2016, pages 7-24. EDITORS’ INTRODUCTION Pattern theory has not as yet transformed architectural practice—despite the acclaim for A Pattern Language, 1 Christopher Alexander’s book, which introduced and substantiated the theory. However, it has generated a great amount of far-ranging, supportive scholarship. In this essay Nikos Salingaros expands the scope of the pattern types under consideration, and explicates some of the mathematical, scientific and humanistic justification for the pattern approach. The author also argues for the manifest superiority of the pattern approach to design over Modernist and contemporary theories of the last one hundred years. To a great extent Dr. Salingaros’s conviction rests on the process and goals of the pattern language method which have as their basis the fundamental realities of the natural world: the mathematics of nature (many that have been studied since the beginning of human history); the process of organic development; and the ideal structural environment for human activity. For Salingaros, Alexander, et al. aesthetics in Architecture derive from these principles rather than from notions of style or artistic inspiration. AUTHOR’S INTRODUCTION — KEY PATTERN CONCEPTS Pattern. A pattern is a discovered organization of space, and also a coherent merging of geometry with human actions. In common usage “pattern” has an expansive definition. In Architecture “pattern” often equates with “solution”. In any discussion of architectural pattern theory the word “pattern” itself is used repeatedly, often with reference to somewhat different concepts.
    [Show full text]
  • Working with Fractals a Resource for Practitioners of Biophilic Design
    WORKING WITH FRACTALS A RESOURCE FOR PRACTITIONERS OF BIOPHILIC DESIGN A PROJECT OF THE EUROPEAN ‘COST RESTORE ACTION’ PREPARED BY RITA TROMBIN IN COLLABORATION WITH ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This toolkit is the result of a joint effort between Terrapin Bright Green, Cost RESTORE Action (REthinking Sustainability TOwards a Regenerative Economy), EURAC Research, International Living Future Institute, Living Future Europe and many other partners, including industry professionals and academics. AUTHOR Rita Trombin SUPERVISOR & EDITOR Catherine O. Ryan CONTRIBUTORS Belal Abboushi, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) Luca Baraldo, COOKFOX Architects DCP Bethany Borel, COOKFOX Architects DCP Bill Browning, Terrapin Bright Green Judith Heerwagen, University of Washington Giammarco Nalin, Goethe Universität Kari Pei, Interface Nikos Salingaros, University of Texas at San Antonio Catherine Stolarski, Catherine Stolarski Design Richard Taylor, University of Oregon Dakota Walker, Terrapin Bright Green Emily Winer, International Well Building Institute CITATION Rita Trombin, ‘Working with fractals: a resource companion for practitioners of biophilic design’. Report, Terrapin Bright Green: New York, 31 December 2020. Revised June 2021 © 2020 Terrapin Bright Green LLC For inquiries: [email protected] or [email protected] COVER DESIGN: Catherine O. Ryan COVER IMAGES: Ice crystals (snow-603675) by Quartzla from Pixabay; fractal gasket snowflake by Catherine Stolarski Design. 2 Working with Fractals: A Toolkit © 2020 Terrapin Bright Green LLC
    [Show full text]
  • The Impacts of Symmetry in Architecture and Urbanism: Toward a New Research Agenda
    buildings Article The Impacts of Symmetry in Architecture and Urbanism: Toward a New Research Agenda Michael W. Mehaffy Centre for the Future of Places, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 114 28 Stockholm, Sweden; mmehaff[email protected] Received: 7 November 2020; Accepted: 15 December 2020; Published: 19 December 2020 Abstract: Architecture has an ancient relationship to mathematics, and symmetry—in the broad sense of the term—is a core topic of both. Yet the contemporary application of theories of symmetry to architecture and built environments is a surprisingly immature area of research. At the same time, research is showing a divergence between the benefits of and preferences for natural environments on the one hand, and built environments on the other, demonstrating relatively deleterious effects of many contemporary built environments. Yet the research cannot yet pinpoint the actual geometric factors of architecture and urbanism that could produce such an important divergence. This paper explores this research gap, surveying the literature across a range of fields, and assessing current evidence for the impacts of symmetry in the built environment upon human perception and well-being. As an emerging case study, it considers the recent work by Christopher Alexander and Nikos Salingaros, two trained mathematicians who have made notable contributions to architecture and urbanism. The conclusion proposes a new research agenda toward further development of this immature subject area. Keywords: symmetry; aesthetics; geometry; biophilia; environmental preference 1. Introduction The application of mathematics to architecture is very likely as old as architecture itself [1]. From the use of arithmetic to measure lengths, to the calculation of squares and angles, to the complex analysis of structural loading capacities, mathematics has served architecture as an essential toolset to improve quality and performance.
    [Show full text]
  • Architecture Program Report 7 September 2015
    ARCHITECTURE PROGRAM REPORT FOR THE NATIONAL ARCHITECTURAL ACCREDITATION BOARD 7 SEPTEMBER 2015 THE IRWIN S. CHANIN SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE THE COOPER UNION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE AND ART NADER TEHRANI, DEAN ELIZABETH O’DONNELL, ASSOCIATE DEAN The Irwin S. Chanin School of Architecture of the Cooper Union Architecture Program Report September 2015 The Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art The Irwin S. Chanin School of Architecture Architecture Program Report for 2016 NAAB Visit for Continuing Accreditation Bachelor of Architecture (160 credits) Year of the Previous Visit: 2010 Current Term of Accreditation: From the VTR dated July 27, 2010 “The accreditation term is effective January 1, 2010. The Program is scheduled for its next accreditation visit in 2016.” Submitted to: The National Architectural Accrediting Board Date: 7 September 2015 The Irwin S. Chanin School of Architecture of the Cooper Union Architecture Program Report September 2015 Program Administrator: Nader Tehrani, Dean and Professor Chief administrator for the academic unit in which the Program is located: Nader Tehrani, Dean and Professor Chief Academic Officer of the Institution: NA President of the Institution: William Mea, Acting President Individual submitting the Architecture Program Report: Nader Tehrani, Dean and Professor Name of individual to whom questions should be directed: Elizabeth O’Donnell, Associate Dean and Professor (proportional-time) The Irwin S. Chanin School of Architecture of the Cooper Union Architecture Program Report September 2015 Section Page Section 1. Program Description I.1.1 History and Mission I.1.2 Learning Culture I.1.3 Social Equity I.1.4 Defining Perspectives I.1.5 Long Range Planning I.1.6 Assessment Section 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Conversations with Alexander
    Conversations with Alexander David West, Transcendence Corporation _______________________________________________________________________ This is an essay about the author’s interaction with ideas advanced by Christopher Alexander. The essay has three inter-related themes: Alexander’s ideas and how they influenced the author’s own work; Alexander’s impact (or lack of it) on software development in general; and the Patterns Movement that Alexander is credited for inspiring. ACM Reference Format: West, D.. 2012. Conversations With Alexander. ACM 21 pages. Our first, meeting was in 1987. The meeting place, Notes on the Synthesis of Form (Notes) - a small book with a stark black cover and white text; an edited version of Alexander’s doctoral thesis twenty years earlier. I was a graduate student at the University of Wisconsin – Madison. I had returned to school (leaving Macalester the second semester of my senior year) two years earlier (1985) after seventeen years working as a software development professional. By 1987 I had finished my undergraduate credits and completed two masters degrees, one in computer science and the other in cultural anthropology and was working on my Ph.D., ostensibly in cognitive anthropology but really interdisciplinary. I had three anthropologists, two computer scientists, a linguist and a psychologist as my dissertation committee. Although my CS Masters was in the area of artificial intelligence, I was convinced that the computational model of cognition was, not only wrong, but silly. It seemed that the model willfully ignored 99% of cognition to focus only on the simplest elements, those that a computer could simulate. My dissertation research was focused on devising a model of cognition that at least incorporated the role of culture.
    [Show full text]
  • Transparency
    Colin Rowe and Robert Slutzky Transparency With a Commentarv by Bernhard Hoesli and an Introduction by Werner Oechslin Birkhiillsnr Veri an Ras81 . Roston· 8mli" fntroduclioH and Commetllary, lram;lation into Engli~h: lori Walker, Stein am Rhein I~ditorial revision of introduction: Joan ()cknl<ln Werner Oechslin Introduction 9 Ijbrary of (:ongre!'ls (:ataloging-in-Publicntioll I )ata A C1P catalogue record for thi~ hook is available fromlhe l,ihral'Y of (:ongress, Wa~hillg[on f),c., US;\. Colin Rowe I)eutsche Bibtiothck (:ataloging-ill-Puhlkation Data TnmsIHu'cnC)' I Colin Rowe alld Robert Slutzky. With a and Robert Slutzky commentary by Bernhard ll()e~li and an introd. by WerlH:r Oechslin·lComlllenlary and introd., trans!. into Eng!.: lori Walker]. - Basel; Boston; Berlin: Birkhiiuser, 11)97 Transparency 21 1)1. Am.g. H.d:!'.: 'rransparcnz ISBN 3-7M3-5615-rl (Basel ... ) ISBN (J·X176-5(jIS-4 (Boston) NE: Rowe, Colin; Slutzky, Robert; Walker, .fori lObel'S.] Bernhard Hoesli This work is subject to copyright. All rights arc reserved, whether the whole or part of the materi;J1 Commentary 57 i~ cO(Kcrned, specifically tbe rights of translation, reprinting, re-usc of ilillstratintl~, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on Il)icrofilm~ or in other ways, find storage in data banks. flor any kind of usc perlllis~ion of the copyright owner lllu~l be ohtained. Bernhard Hoesli Addendum 85 {D 1997 Birkhiiuser - Verlag fOr Architektur, 1'.0. Box 113, CI (-4010 Bil~cI, Switzerland. (i") of introductory text hy Werner Oechslin. This book is also availahle in i\ Cierman language edition (ISBN 1--764.:L)(ljii-6) Cover design: Brucklllann I- Partner, Basel Printed 011 acid-free paper produced of chlorine-free pUlp.
    [Show full text]
  • 14 Patterns of Biophilic Design
    14 PATTERNS OF BIOPHILIC DESIGN IMPROVING HEALTH & WELL-BEING IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT “…the enjoyment of scenery employs the mind without fatigue and yet exercises it, tranquilizes it and yet enlivens it; and thus, through the influence of the mind over the body, gives the effect of refreshing rest and reinvigoration to the whole system.” Frederick Law Olmsted, 1865 Introduction to Yosemite and the Mariposa Grove: A Preliminary Report 14 Patterns of Biophilic Design ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This paper was supported by Terrapin Bright Green, LLC. We thank Alice Hartley for editorial assistance, Allison Bernett and Cas Smith for production assistance, the Review Committee and Contributors for their technical guidance and expertise, Georgy Olivieri for her relentless energy and dedication to spreading the word, Stefano Serafini and the International Society of Biourbanism for providing guidance and encouragement. CO-AUTHORS William Browning, Hon. AIA Terrapin Bright Green Catherine Ryan Terrapin Bright Green Joseph Clancy Pegasus Planning Group Ltd. REVIEW COMMITTEE Sally Augustin, PhD Design With Science; Research Design Connections Judith Heerwagen, PhD J.H. Heerwagen & Associates; University of Washington, Department of Architecture Lance Hosey, FAIA RTKL CONTRIBUTORS Scott Andrews Terrapin Bright Green Gail Brager, PhD University of California at Berkeley, Center for the Built Environment Zafir Buraei, PhD Pace University, Department of Biology and Health Sciences Nancy Clanton, PE, FIES, IALD Clanton & Associates, Inc. Chris Garvin, AIA Terrapin
    [Show full text]
  • Architecture, Patterns, and Mathematics Nikos A. Salingaros
    Nexus Esecutivo 19-01-2004 9:18 Seite 75 Nikos A. Architecture, Patterns, Salingaros and Mathematics Nikos Salingaros posits the importance of architectural pattern in man’s intellectual development, examining how twentieth century architectural attitudes towards decoration and pattern have impoverished man’s experience of both mathematics and the built environment. Introduction The traditionally intimate relationship between architecture and mathematics changed in the twentieth century. Architecture students are no longer required to have a mathematical background. While a problem in itself, a far more serious possibility is that contemporary architecture and design may be promoting an anti-mathematical mind-set. The modernist movement suppresses pattern in architecture, and this has profound implications for society as a whole. Mathematics is a science of patterns, and the presence or absence of patterns in our surroundings influences how easily one is able to grasp concepts that rely on patterns. Eliminating patterns from twentieth-century architecture affects our capacity to process and interpret patterns in thought. Mathematics, and the intellectual patterns it embodies, lie outside our contemporary, explicitly anti-pattern architectural world-view. Mathematics teachers are bemoaning the fact that there is less and less interest in mathematics, which has resulted in a declining mathematical capacity among students. This stands in sharp contrast - indeed a contradiction - with the increasing technological advances we are witnessing in our times. Here, it is proposed that an environmental factor might contribute to the overall decline of mathematics in our society. This theory arose from the author’s interest in the theoretical basis behind architectural styles from different periods and regions.
    [Show full text]