1,4-Dichlorobenzene CAS #: 106-46-7 Revised By: RRD Toxicology Unit Revision Date: September 16, 2015

CHEMICAL UPDATE WORKSHEET

Chemical Name: 1,4-Dichlorobenzene CAS #: 106-46-7 Revised By: RRD Toxicology Unit Revision Date: September 16, 2015

(A) Chemical-Physical Properties

Part 201 Value Updated Value Reference Source Comments

Molecular Weight (g/mol) 147 147.00 EPI EXP

Physical State at ambient temp Solid Solid MDEQ

Melting Point (˚C) --- 52.09 EPI EXP

Boiling Point (˚C) 174 174.00 EPI EXP

Solubility (ug/L) 73800 8.13E+04 EPI EXP

Vapor Pressure (mmHg at 25˚C) 1.064 1.74E+00 EPI EXP

HLC (atm-m³/mol at 25˚C) 2.43E-3 2.41E-03 EPI EXP

Log Kow (log P; octanol-water) 3.42 3.44 EPI EXP

Koc (organic carbon; L/Kg) 612 375.3 EPI EST

Ionizing Koc (L/kg) NR NA NA

Diffusivity in Air (Di; cm2/s) 0.069 5.50E-02 W9 EST

Diffusivity in Water (Dw; cm2/s) 7.9E-6 8.6797E-06 W9 EST CHEMICAL UPDATE WORKSHEET 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (106-46-7)

Part 201 Value Updated Value Reference Source Comments Soil Water Partition Coefficient NR NR NA NA (Kd; inorganics) Flash Point (˚C) 150 F 66 CRC EXP Lower Explosivity Level (LEL; 0.025 0.025 NPG EXP unit less) Critical Temperature (K) 6.85E+02 EPA2004 EXP

Enthalpy of Vaporization 9.27E+03 EPA2004 EXP (cal/mol) 3 Density (g/mL, g/cm ) 1.2475 PC EXP

EMSOFT Flux Residential 2 m 2.19E-05 2.57E-05 EMSOFT EST (mg/day/cm2) EMSOFT Flux Residential 5 m 3.77E-05 5.42E-05 EMSOFT EST (mg/day/cm2) EMSOFT Flux Nonresidential 2 m 2.99E-05 3.99E-05 EMSOFT EST (mg/day/cm2) EMSOFT Flux Nonresidential 5 m 4.77E-05 8.03E-05 EMSOFT EST (mg/day/cm2)

CHEMICAL UPDATE WORKSHEET 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (106-46-7)

(B) Toxicity Values/Benchmarks

Source*/Reference Comments/Notes Part 201 Value Updated Value /Date /Issues Reference Dose -- 7.0E-2 ATSDR, 2006 (RfD) (mg/kg/day) Tier 2 Source: Complete ATSDR: Basis: The IRIS RfD is based on a 2003 IRIS external draft document and newer studies. MDEQ (2011) RfD is based on an older study (Hollingsworth, 1956). ATSDR (7/2006), chronic oral MRL = 0.07 mg/kg-day. Critical Study(ies): 1) Naylor MW, Stout LD. 1996. One year study of p-dichlorobenzene administered orally via capsule to beagle dogs. Environmental Health Laboratory, Monsanto Company, St. Louis, MO. Study No. ML-94-210, March 25, 1996. MRID# 43988802. Unpublished. 2) USEPA. 1996b. Data Evaluation Record (DER) for p-dichlorobenzene – chronic oral toxicity in dogs (MRID# 439888-01 and -02) for Section 6 (a) (2) and reregistration need. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances. NA RfD details Method(s): Beagle dogs (5/sex/dose) were exposed to 0, 10, 50, or 75 mg/kg/day 1,4-DCB by capsule for 1 year. It is presumed that dosing was 5 days/week. The 75 mg/kg/day dose is a time-weighted average level reflecting dose decreases at the beginning of the study in response to unexpected severe toxicity. An initial high dose of 150 mg/kg/day was adjusted to 100 mg/kg/day for males during week 3, and a further decrease to 75 mg/kg/day was made for both sexes at the beginning of week 6. Both high-dose males and females were untreated during weeks 4 and 5 to allow for recovery. Critical effect: increased serum alkaline phosphatase; hepatic effects (increased liver weight, changes in liver enzymes, and histopathology) End point or Point of Departure (POD): BMDL1sd = 10 mg/kg-day; BMDL1sd ADJ = 7 mg/kg-day Uncertainty Factors: UF = 100 (10 each for intraspecies variability and interspecies extrapolation)

CHEMICAL UPDATE WORKSHEET 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (106-46-7)

Source*/Reference Comments/Notes Part 201 Value Updated Value /Date /Issues Source and date: ATSDR, 7/2006

Tier 1 and 2 Sources: IRIS: Per IRIS (1/01/1994), no value at this time. IRIS external draft (11/03/2003) calculates an RfD = 2.4E-3 mg/kg. Details are shown below: Critical Study: Monsanto Company. (1996) M.W. Naylor and L.D. Stout. One Year Study of p-Dichlorobenzene Administered Orally Via Capsule to Beagle Dogs. MRID No. 439888-02. Available from USEPA. Write to FOI, EPA, Washington, DC 20460. Method(s): male and female beagle dogs were administered 1,4-DCB in gelatin capsules, 5 days/week, at initial dose levels of 0, 10, 50, or 150 mg/kg-day (adjusted doses; 0, 7, 36, 107 mg/kg-day) (Monsanto Company, 1996) for 1 year. The high dose was adjusted to 100 mg/kg-day (71 mg/kg-day) during the third week of exposure for males and further reduced to 75 mg/kg-day (54 mg/kg-day) for both sexes at the beginning of week 6. Both males and females at the highest dose level were untreated during the fourth and fifth weeks to allow for recovery, while the lower dose groups received 1,4-DCB continuously. Critical effect: increase in the absolute and relative liver weight End point or Point of Departure (POD): BMDL = 0.237 mg/kg-day Uncertainty Factors: UF = 100 (10 each for intraspecies variability and interspecies extrapolation) Source and date: IRIS, Last revision date - 1/01/1994; IRIS external review draft, 11/03/2003

EPA-OPP: No RfD available. No dietary exposure expected Per Memo: Ingredient: para-Dichlorobenzene; Title HED chapter of the reregistration eligibility decision document (RED). Revised version. April 1, 2008 (table 3.5); Reregistration eligibility decision (RED) for para-dichlorobenzene. Revised December 2008.

PPRTV: No PPRTV record available at this time.

CHEMICAL UPDATE WORKSHEET 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (106-46-7)

Source*/Reference Comments/Notes Part 201 Value Updated Value /Date /Issues Tier 3 source: MDEQ: Per DEQ-CCD, RRD has no value at this time. WRD derived an RfD = 4.5E-2 mg/kg-day: Critical Study: Hollingsworth, 1956 Method(s): Female rats dosed by gavage, 5 days/week for 27 weeks Critical effect: End point or Point of Departure (POD): NOAEL = 18.8 mg/kg Uncertainty Factors: UF = 300 Source and date: MDEQ-CCD/WRD, 12/29/2011 Oral Cancer Slope IRIS, 2003/MDEQ, Factor (CSF) 1.3E-2 1.3E-2 -1 2011 (mg/kg-day) ) Tier 1 Source: IRIS: Complete

Basis: IRIS is a Tier 1 source. IRIS external review draft (11/03/2003) CSFHED = 1.3E- NTP (1987): 2- 2 per mg/kg-day. MDEQ/WRD (2011) derived a similar CSF value (see below). year gavage study IRIS: Per IRIS (1/01/1994), no value at this time; Per IRIS External Rreview Draft in male mice, (11/03/2003), CSFHED = 1.3E-2 per mg/kg-day. Details are shown below: critical effect = Critical Study: NTP (National Toxicology Program) (1987) Toxicology and hepatocellular Carcinogenesis Studies of 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (CAS No. 106-46-7) in F344/N Rats adenoma and and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies). U.S. Department of Health and Human adenocarcinoma Services. NTP TR 319. NIH Publ. No. 87-2575. CSF details combined. Method(s): F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice (50/sex/dose group); Female rats and both Revised species sexes of mice received 0, 300 and 600 mg/kg and male rats received 0, 150 and scaling factor of 300 mg/kg-day of 1,4-DCB in corn oil gavage for 2 years. (BWh/BWa) to the 1) Dose response data: Tumor Type - hepatocellular adenomas or 0.25 power used carcinomas; Test Species - male mice; Route – oral (gavage) for q* calculation. 2) Extrapolation method: Linearized multistage extrapolation RD calculation Carcinogen Weight-of-Evidence (WOE) Class: likely to be carcinogenic in humans date: 1/12/2000 IRIS WOE Basis: increased tumor incidences in male rat kidneys and in the livers of male and female mice following oral exposure. The kidney tumors in rats are not relevant to humans because the mechanism is specific to male rats. The mechanistic bases of the mouse liver tumors are assessed to be relevant to 5

CHEMICAL UPDATE WORKSHEET 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (106-46-7)

Source*/Reference Comments/Notes Part 201 Value Updated Value /Date /Issues humans. Source and Date: IRIS, last revision date - 1/01/1994 and IRIS External Review Draft, 11/03/2003

EPA-OPP (2013): Not Likely to be Carcinogenic to Humans below doses that do not perturb normal liver homeostasis. Based on the IRIS evaluation draft document of May 2006, the slope factor linear approach was suggested. Source and Date: USEPA-OPP Per Memo: Ingredient: para-Dichlorobenzene; Title HED chapter of the reregistration eligibility decision document (RED). Revised version. April 1, 2008 (table 3.5); Reregistation eligibility decision (RED) for para-dichlorobenzene. Revised December 2008

Tier 2 Sources: PPRTV: No PPRTV record available at this time. MRL: NA; MRLs are for non-cancer effects only.

MDEQ: Per DEQ-CCD/RRD, RfD = 1.3E-2. See Part 201 Value CSF details. WRD (2011) calculated a CSF = 0.0129 (mg/kg-day)-1 based on lliver carcinomas/adenomas in male mice following treatment by gavage, 5 days/week for 103 weeks (NTP, 1987): Critical Study: NTP (National Toxicology Program) (1987) Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (CAS No. 106-46-7) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. NTP TR 319. NIH Publ. No. 87-2575. Method(s): F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice (50/sex/dose group); Female rats and both sexes of mice received 0, 300 and 600 mg/kg and male rats received 0, 150 and 300 mg/kg-day of 1,4-DCB in corn oil gavage for 2 years. 1) Dose response data: Tumor Type - hepatocellular adenomas or carcinomas; Test Species – male mice; Route - oral (gavage) 2) Extrapolation method: linear Source and Date: MDEQ-CCD/WRD, 12/29/2011 Reference 8.0E+2 6.0E+1 ATSDR, 2006 Concentration 6

CHEMICAL UPDATE WORKSHEET 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (106-46-7)

Source*/Reference Comments/Notes Part 201 Value Updated Value /Date /Issues (RfC) or Initial Threshold Screening Level (ITSL) (µg/m³) Tier 2 Source: ATSDR: Basis: This value is based on more current studies compared to the IRIS RfC basis. Complete ATSDR (7/2006), chronic inhalation MRL = 0.01 ppm or 0.06 mg/m3: (Molecular ITSL based on weight = 147 g/mol). USEPA's RfC of Critical Studies: 800 ug/m3. The 1) Aiso S, Takeuchi T, Arito H, et al. 2005b. Carcinogenicity and chronic toxicity in key study mice and rats exposed by inhalation to para-dichlorobenzene for two years. J Vet reported by Med Sci 67(10):1019-1029. Chlorobenzene 2) Japan Bioassay Research Center. 1995. Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of Producers Assoc p-dichlorobenzene in 344/DuCrj rats and Crj:BDF1 mice. Two-year inhalation (1986) is based on studies. Japan Industrial Safety and Health Association. Study carried under a 2-generation contract with the Ministry of Labour of Japan. Sprague-Dawley Method(s): F344/DuCrj rats and Crj:BDF1 mice (50/sex/dose) were exposed to RfC/ITSL details rat reproduction 1,4-DCB in target concentrations of 0, 20, 75, or 300 ppm for 6 hours/day, 5 study. Key effect days/week for 104 weeks. was increased Critical effect: increased incidences of nasal lesions in female rats

liver weight, with End point or Point of Departure (POD): BMCL10 = 9.51 ppm; BMCLADJ = 1.7 ppm; 3 NOAEL of 301 BMCLHEC = 0.27 ppm (1.62 mg/m ; MW = 147 g/mol) mg/m3 (50 ppm) Uncertainty Factors: UF = 30 (10 for intraspecies variability and 3 for interspecies and LOAEL of 902 extrapolation) mg/m3 (150 ppm). Source and date: ATSDR, 7/2006 CCD/AQD date: 11/01/1996. Tier 1 and 2 Sources: IRIS: Per IRIS (11/01/1996) RfC = 8.0E+2 µg/m³: Critical Study: Chlorobenzene Producers Association. 1986. Parachlorobenzene: Two-generation Reproduction Study in Sprague-Dawley Rats. Study 86-81-90605. MRID No. 411088-1. Available from USEPA. Write to FOI, EPA, Washington, DC 20460. 7

CHEMICAL UPDATE WORKSHEET 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (106-46-7)

Source*/Reference Comments/Notes Part 201 Value Updated Value /Date /Issues Method(s): Sprague-Dawley rats (P1) (28/sex/group) were exposed to 1,4- dichlorobenzene (1,4-DCB) vapor at concentrations of 0, 50, 150, or 450 ppm (0, 301, 902, 2705 mg/m3) for 10 weeks, 6 hours/day, 7 days/week, then the rats were mated for 3 weeks. For exposure of the next generation, selected F1 weanlings were exposed to 1,4-DCB for 11 weeks then mated. Critical effect: Increased liver weights in P1 males End point or Point of Departure (POD): NOAEL = 301 mg/m3 (50 ppm); NOAEL(HEC) = 75 mg/m3 Uncertainty Factors: UF = 100 (10 for intraspecies variability and 3 each for interspecies extrapolation and use of a subchronic study. A full factor of 10 was not used for the latter because the LOAEL estimated from the chronic NTP (1987) oral study suggested limited progression of the hepatic lesions). Source and date: IRIS, Last revision date – 11/01/1996 IRIS: Per IRIS External Review Draft (11/03/2003) RfC = 1.0E+3 µg/m³:

USEPA-OPP: Critical Study: Aiso, Shigetoshi; Tetsuya Takeuchi, Heihachiro Arito, Kasuke Nagano, Seigo Yamamoto, and Taijiro Matsushima. (2005b). Carcinogenicity and chronic toxicity in mice and rats exposed to para-dichlorobenzene for two years. J. Vet. Med. Sci., (2005). (67)10:1019-1029. Method(s): para-Dichlorobenzene (purity greater than 99.9%) was administered by inhalation to groups of 50 BDF1 mice of both sexes at a target concentration of 20, 75, or 300 ppm for 6 hours/day, 5 days/week for two years. Critical effect: Olfactory epithelium changes End point or Point of Departure (POD): NOAEL = 20 ppm = NOAELADJ = 19.8 ppm x 6h/24h x 5 days / 7 days = 3.54 ppm NOAELHEC = 0.56 ppm or 3.4 mg/m3 Uncertainty Factors: UF = 30 (10 for intraspecies variability, 3 for intraspecies variability) Source and date: USEPA-OPP Per Memo: Ingredient: para-Dichlorobenzene; Title HED chapter of the reregistration eligibility decision document (RED).

CHEMICAL UPDATE WORKSHEET 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (106-46-7)

Source*/Reference Comments/Notes Part 201 Value Updated Value /Date /Issues Revised version. April 1, 2008 (table 3.5); Reregistation eligibility decision (RED) for para-dichlorobenzene. Revised December 2008

PPRTV: No PPRTV record available at this time.

Tier 3 source: MDEQ: Per DEQ-CCD, AQD adopted IRIS value. Inhalation Unit Risk Factor 6.9E-6 4.8E-4 MDEQ, 2015 (IURF) ((µg/m3)-1) Tier 3 Source: Complete MDEQ: Basis: The MDEQ (2015) value is based on a 2005 inhalation study. California (2009) derived a value based on NTP (1987) oral study. Several states adopted the CALEPA value. See details below.

Potency is based Tier 1 and 2 Sources: on NTP 1987 IRIS: Per IRIS (1/01/1994), no value at this time. Per IRIS external review draft gavage study with (11/03/2003), no IURF value as “available inhalation carcinogenicity data for 1,4- 0, 300, or 600 dichlorobenzene are inadequate.” mg/kg, where

male mice had USEPA-OPP: “Not Likely to be Carcinogenic to Humans below doses that do not IURF details increased perturb normal liver homeostasis. Based on the IRIS evaluation draft document of incidence of liver May 2006, the slope factor linear approach was suggested. “The recommended adenomas and inhalation risk unit for para-dichlorobenzene is 4x10-3(mg/m3)-1, based on carcinomas. hepatocellular tumors in male and female mice….” Use of the linear approach CCD/AQD date: would provide a worst case screening level analysis.” 3/28/1988. Source and Date: USEPA-OPP Per Memo: Ingredient: para-Dichlorobenzene; Title HED chapter of the reregistration eligibility decision document (RED). Revised version. April 1, 2008 (table 3.5); Reregistation eligibility decision (RED) for para- dichlorobenzene. Revised December 2008

PPRTV: No PPRTV record available at this time. 9

CHEMICAL UPDATE WORKSHEET 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (106-46-7)

Source*/Reference Comments/Notes Part 201 Value Updated Value /Date /Issues MRL: NA; MRLs are for non-cancer effects only.

Tier 3: MDEQ-AQD Basis: MDEQ IURF = 4.8E-4 (µg/m3)-1. Critical Study: Aiso, Shigetoshi; Tetsuya Takeuchi, Heihachiro Arito, Kasuke Nagano, Seigo Yamamoto, and Taijiro Matsushima. (2005b). Carcinogenicity and chronic toxicity in mice and rats exposed to para-dichlorobenzene for two years. J. Vet. Med. Sci., (2005). (67)10:1019-1029. Method(s): inhalation study with 0, 20, 75, or 300 ppm, where female mice had increased incidence of hepatoblastoma Source and Date: MDEQ-CCD/AQD, 1/13/2015

California DTSC/OEHHA: IURF= 1.1E-5 (µg/m3)-1. Key study: NTP (National Toxicology Program) (1987) Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (CAS No. 106-46-7) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. NTP TR 319. NIH Publ. No. 87-2575. Methods: F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice (50/sex/dose group); Female rats and both sexes of mice received 0, 300 and 600 mg/kg and male rats received 0, 150 and 300 mg/kg-day of 1,4-DCB in corn oil gavage for 2 years. The mice were exposed for 5 days/week, resulting in average daily doses of 0, 214, and 428 mg/kg/day 1,4-DCB. Mice of either sex exhibited a significant increase in hepatocellular carcinomas or adenomas. Potency calculation: The cancer potency for 1,4-DCB was calculated from the male mouse hepatocarcinoma and adenoma data. A linearized multistage procedure was used to estimate the cancer potency of 1,4-DCB from the NTP (1987) data in male B6C3F1 mice. The concentrations of 1,4-DCB given in the feed were 0, 214, or 428 mg/kg/day. The premature mortality of animals without tumors was subtracted from the sample groups. The 95% upper confidence bound on the dose-response slope was used to derive the oral cancer potency value of 0.04 [mg/kg-day]-1.

CHEMICAL UPDATE WORKSHEET 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (106-46-7)

Source*/Reference Comments/Notes Part 201 Value Updated Value /Date /Issues IURF: An airborne unit risk factor of 1.1E-5 (μg/m3)-1 was calculated from the oral potency value using the default parameters of 70 kg human body weight and 20 m3/day breathing rate. Source: OEHHA 2009. Technical Support Document for Describing Available Cancer Potency Factors.

Minnesota PCA: IURF= 1.1E-05 (µg/m3)-1 based on CALEPA 2009.

New Jersey DEP: IURF= 1.1 E-05 (µg/m3)-1 based on CALEPA 2009.

New York DEC: IURF= 0.011 per mg/kg/day based on CALEPA 2009

Other Tier 3: No value is available at this time from these Tier 3 sources/databases: HEAST, NTP ROC, health and environmental agencies of Massachusetts and Texas, WHO (IARC), WHO (IPCS/INCHEM), Canada, The Netherlands (RIVM), ECHA (REACH) and OECD HPV. Mutagenic Mode of Action -- NO USEPA, 2015 (MMOA)? (Y/N) NA -- MMOA Details Not listed as a carcinogen with mutagenic MOA in the USEPA OSWER List. Developmental or No, the RfD or RfC/ITSL is not based on a reproductive- Reproductive Yes developmental effect. However, the 1996 IRIS RfC value is MDEQ, 2015 Effector? (Y/N) based on a reproductive study. Recommends further evaluation for developmental and reproductive effects. IRIS (1996) RfC is based on a developmental effect: Developmental or Critical Study: Chlorobenzene Producers Association. 1986. Parachlorobenzene: Reproductive NA Two-generation Reproduction Study in Sprague-Dawley Rats. Study 86-81-90605. Toxicity Details MRID No. 411088-1. Available from USEPA. Write to FOI, EPA, Washington, DC 20460. Critical effect: Increased liver weights in P1 males State Drinking 75 75 SDWA, 1976 Water Standard 11

CHEMICAL UPDATE WORKSHEET 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (106-46-7)

Source*/Reference Comments/Notes Part 201 Value Updated Value /Date /Issues (SDWS) (ug/L)

SDWS details NA MI Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) 1976 PA 399 Secondary SDWA, 1976 and Maximum -- NO Contaminant Level USEPA SMCL List (SMCL) (ug/L) SMCL details NA MI Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) 1976 PA 399 and USEPA SMCL List Is there an aesthetic value for NO Not evaluated. NA drinking water? (Y/N) Aesthetic value NA NA NA (ug/L) Aesthetic Value NA NA details Phytotoxicity NO Not evaluated. NA Value? (Y/N) Phytotoxicity NA NA details Others

CHEMICAL UPDATE WORKSHEET 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (106-46-7)

Source/Reference/ Comments/Notes Part 201 Value Update Dates /Issues Gastrointestinal MDEQ, 2015/USEPA RAGS- absorption --- 1.0 efficiency value E (ABSgi) ABSgi details RAGS E (EPA, 2004) Default Value Skin absorption efficiency value --- 0.1 MDEQ, 2015 (AEd) AEd details Ingestion Absorption 1.0 MDEQ, 2015 Efficiency (AEi) AEi Details Relative Source Contribution for MDEQ, 2015 0.2 Water (RSCW)

Relative Source Contribution for MDEQ, 2015 1.0 Soil (RSCS)

Relative Source Contribution for MDEQ, 2015 1.0 Air (RSCA)

Others

CHEMICAL UPDATE WORKSHEET 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (106-46-7)

(D) Rule 57 Water Quality Values and GSI Criteria

Current GSI value (g/L) 17

Updated GSI value (g/L) 17

Rule 57 Drinking Water Value (g/L) 24

Rule 57 Value Verification Date (g/L) Human Non-cancer Values- Drinking water source (HNV-drink) 1,100 11/2011

Human Non-Cancer Values- Non-drinking water sources (HNV-Non-drink) 11,000 11/2011

Wildlife Value (WV) NA NA

Human Cancer Values for Drinking Water Source (HCV-drink) 24 11/2011

Human Cancer values for non-drinking water source (HCV-Non-drink) 240 11/2011

Final Chronic Value (FCV) 17 9/2011

Aquatic maximum value (AMV) 100 9/2011

Final Acute Value (FAV) 210 9/2011 Sources: 1. MDEQ Surface Water Assessment Section Rule 57 website 2. MDEQ Rule 57 table

CHEMICAL UPDATE WORKSHEET 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (106-46-7)

(E) Target Detection Limits (TDL)

Value Source

Target Detection Limit – Soil (g/kg) 100 MDEQ, 2015

Target Detection Limit – Water (g/L) 1 MDEQ, 2015

Target Detection Limit – Air (ppbv) 6.20E-01 MDEQ, 2015

Target Detection Limit – Soil Gas (ppbv) 2.10E+01 MDEQ, 2015

CHEMICAL UPDATE WORKSHEET 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (106-46-7)

CHEMICAL UPDATE WORKSHEET ABBREVIATIONS: W9 USEPA’s User Guide for Water9 Software, Version 2.0.0, 2001 CAS # - Chemical Abstract Service Number.

Section (A) Chemical-Physical Properties Reference Source(s): Basis/Comments: CRC Chemical Rubber Company Handbook of Chemistry EST estimated and Physics, 95th edition, 2014-2015 EXP experimental EMSOFT USEPA Exposure Model for Soil-Organic Fate and EXT extrapolated Transport (EMSOFT) (EPA, 2002) NA not available or not applicable EPA2001 USEPA (2001) Fact Sheet, Correcting the Henry’s NR not relevant Law Constant for Soil Temperature. Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response, Washington, D.C. Section (B) Toxicity Values/Benchmarks EPA4 USEPA (2004) User’s Guide for Evaluating Sources/References: Subsurface Vapor Intrusion into Buildings. February ATSDR Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry 22, 2004. CALEPA California Environmental Protection Agency EPI USEPA’s Estimation Programs Interface SUITE 4.1, CAL DTSC California Department of Toxic Substances Control Copyright 2000-2012 CAL OEHHA CAEPA Office of Environmental Health Hazard HSDB Hazardous Substances Data Bank Assessment MDEQ Michigan Department of Environmental Quality CCD MDEQ Chemical Criteria Database NPG National Institute for Occupational Safety and ECHA European Chemicals Agency (REACH) Health Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards OECD HPV Organization for Economic Cooperation and PC National Center for Biotechnology Information’s Development HPV Database PubChem database HEAST USEPA’s Health Effects Assessment Summary Tables PP Syracuse Research Corporation’s PhysProp database IRIS USEPA’s Integrated Risk Information System SCDM USEPA’s Superfund Chemical Data Matrix MADEP Massachusetts Department of Environmental SSG USEPA’s Soil Screening Guidance: Technical Protection Background Document, Second Edition, 1996 MDEQ/DEQ Michigan Department of Environmental Quality USEPA/EPA United States environmental protection agency’s DEQ-CCD/AQD MDEQ Air Quality Division Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund Volume I: DEQ-CCD/RRD MDEQ Remediation and Redevelopment Division Human Health Evaluation Manual (Part E, DEQ-CCD/WRD MDEQ Water Resources Division Supplemental Guidance for Dermal Risk MNDOH Minnesota Department of Health Assessment). July, 2004. NJDEP New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection

CHEMICAL UPDATE WORKSHEET 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (106-46-7)

NYDEC New York State Department of Environmental aRfD Acute RfD Conservation UF Uncertainty factor OPP/OPPT USEPA’s Office of Pesticide Programs WOE Weight of evidence PPRTV USEPA’s Provisional Peer Reviewed Toxicity Values RIVM The Netherlands National Institute of Public Health Section (C) Chemical-specific Absorption Factors and the Environment MDEQ Michigan Department of Environmental Quality TCEQ Texas Commission on Environmental Quality USEPA RAGS-E United States Environmental Protection Agency’s USEPA United States Environmental Protection Agency Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund Volume I: USEPA OSWER USEPA Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Human Health Evaluation Manual (Part E, Response Supplemental Guidance for Dermal Risk USEPA MCL USEPA Maximum Contaminant Level Assessment). July, 2004. WHO World Health Organization WHO IPCS International Programme on Chemical Safety Section (D) Rule 57 Water Quality Values and GSI Criteria (IPCS/INCHEM) GSI Groundwater-surface water interface WHO IARC International Agency for Research on Cancers NA A value is not available or not applicable. NA Not Available. ID Insufficient data to derive value NR Not Relevant. NLS No literature search has been conducted

Toxicity terms: BMC Benchmark concentration BMCL Lower bound confidence limit on the BMC BMD benchmark dose BMDL Lower bound confidence limit on the BMD CSF Cancer slope Factor CNS Central nervous system IURF or IUR Inhalation unit risk factor LOAEL Lowest observed adverse effect level LOEL Lowest observed effect level MRL Minimal risk level (ATSDR) NOAEL No observed adverse effect level NOEL No observed effect level RfC Reference concentration RfD Reference dose p-RfD Provisional RfD