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Chapter 3 Baseline EIA Photovoltaic Park Cielos DE TARAPACÁ

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Chapter 3 Baseline EIA Photovoltaic Park Cielos DE TARAPACÁ Chapter 3 Baseline EIA Photovoltaic Park Cielos DE TARAPACÁ Capítulo 3 Línea de Base Contents index 3 Chapter Baseline ............................................................................... 4 3.1 Physical environment ............................................................................. 4 3.1.1 Climate and weather ........................................................................... 4 3.1.2 Geomorphology ................................................................................ 16 3.1.3 Geology .......................................................................................... 27 3.1.4 Natural hazards ............................................................................... 33 3.1.5 Hydrography ................................................................................... 42 3.1.6 Edaphology ..................................................................................... 46 3.1.7 Air quality ....................................................................................... 59 3.1.8 Noise .............................................................................................. 68 3.2 Terrestrial ecosystem ........................................................................... 84 3.2.1 Terrestrial Flora and vegetation .......................................................... 84 3.2.2 Terrestrial Fauna ............................................................................ 106 3.3 CULTURAL Heritage ....................... エラー! ブックマークが定義されていません。 3.3.1 Objectives ................................. エラー! ブックマークが定義されていません。 3.3.2 Methodology .............................. エラー! ブックマークが定義されていません。 3.3.3 Results ..................................... エラー! ブックマークが定義されていません。 3.4 Landscape and Scenic Resources ......................................................... 164 3.4.1. Objectives ..................................................................................... 164 3.4.2. Methodology .................................................................................. 165 3.4.3. Results ......................................................................................... 172 3.4.2 Conclusions ................................................................................... 182 3.5 Protected areas and priority conservation sites ...................................... 185 3.5.1 Objectives ..................................................................................... 185 3.5.2 Methodology .................................................................................. 185 3.5.3 Conclusions ................................................................................... 194 3.6 Uses of the Territory and its relationship with TERRITORIAL planning ........ 195 3.6.1 Objectives ..................................................................................... 195 3.6.2 Methodology .................................................................................. 195 3.6.3 Results ......................................................................................... 196 3.6.4 Conclusions ................................................................................... 199 3.7 Tourist attractions ............................................................................. 200 3.7.1 Objectives ..................................................................................... 200 3.7.2 Methodology .................................................................................. 201 3.7.3 Results ......................................................................................... 202 3.7.4 Conclusions ................................................................................... 214 3.8 Human environment .......................................................................... 217 3.8.1 Objective ...................................................................................... 217 3.8.2 Methodology .................................................................................. 217 Los contenidos que soporta el presente documento constituyen VAL0005 Propiedad Intelectual queda prohibida su reproducción, total o Página 2 de 309 Noviembre 2014 parcial, por cualquier medio, en forma íntegra o extractada Capítulo 3 Línea de Base 3.8.3 Results ......................................................................................... 218 3.8.4 Conclusions ................................................................................... 290 3.9 Projects with RCA near the project area ................................................ 295 3.9.1 Objective ...................................................................................... 295 3.9.2 Methodology .................................................................................. 295 3.9.3 Results ......................................................................................... 296 3.9.4 Conclusions ................................................................................... 309 Los contenidos que soporta el presente documento constituyen VAL0005 Propiedad Intelectual queda prohibida su reproducción, total o Página 3 de 309 Noviembre 2014 parcial, por cualquier medio, en forma íntegra o extractada Capítulo 3 Línea de Base 3 CHAPTER BASELINE 3.1 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT The description of the components of the physical environment is shown below. 3.1.1 Climate and weather 3.1.1.1 Objectives The OrBjectives Of this baseline are: The description and characterization of the different types of climates present at the regional level. A characterization of The Weather conditions of the project area. 3.1.1.2 Methodology For the development of the baseline of this environmental component The following activities were carried out In cabinet: Analysis of the climatic background of the study area at regional and local level. Review and analysis of the information of the monitoring stations. The review of Information from of public and academic entities, such As Address MeteoralÓgica of Chile, General Directorate of Civil Aeronautics and Department of Geophysics of the University of Chile. Los contenidos que soporta el presente documento constituyen VAL0005 Propiedad Intelectual queda prohibida su reproducción, total o Página 4 de 309 Noviembre 2014 parcial, por cualquier medio, en forma íntegra o extractada Capítulo 3 Línea de Base 3.1.1.3 Results Climatic characterization of the study area In climatic terms, the region of Tarapacá is composed of 4 climatic subtypes of desert characteristics, conditioned by the bioclimatic properties expressed there, typical of the north of our country. This predominance in the desert conditions of the Tarapacá region is manifested in an important way in two climate factors, such as extreme aridity and high temperatures. In specific, the region is zoned in 4 sClimatic Ubtipos (see Figura 3.2 )Which define their variations primarily by their geo positionGraph and altitudinal gradient, which As it progresses through the region from west to east, it is demarcing the climatic subtypes regarding the topographical conditions of the territory, which generates Variations Important in the behavior of the climate, differentiating, for example, what happens on the coast, of what happens in the high mountain range of the Andes. As stated above, the climates present at this scale of analysis are, according to the classification of Köppen (1948): Desert climate with abundant cloudy (BWn); Normal desert climate (BW); Marginal High Desert Climate (BWH); And High Steppe climate (BSH). Los contenidos que soporta el presente documento constituyen VAL0005 Propiedad Intelectual queda prohibida su reproducción, total o Página 5 de 309 Noviembre 2014 parcial, por cualquier medio, en forma íntegra o extractada Capítulo 3 Línea de Base Figura 3.1 Climatic classification subtype Normal desert. Source: Self-elaboration The first type of climate called "desert climate with abundant cloudy (BWn) ", has an important presence in the coastal sector of the region, and has great cloudiness of type Stratocumulus, which tend to dissipate in the morning. A particular characteristic this area is the manifestation of bedNChaca, which is defined as a coastal fog, very copious. The As for the Subtype "normal desert climate (BW)", climatic zone In Where the project is located, Corresponds to the one who It is presented on the 1,000 Los contenidos que soporta el presente documento constituyen VAL0005 Propiedad Intelectual queda prohibida su reproducción, total o Página 6 de 309 Noviembre 2014 parcial, por cualquier medio, en forma íntegra o extractada Capítulo 3 Línea de Base m S.N. m, in the relief unit Pampa del Tamarugal. It is characterized by a very stable and dry mass of air that causes great aridity, clear skies, low relative humidity and a great thermal oscillation (close to 25 °c), due in large measure to the high temperatures in the day and to the night cooling (DMC , 2014). In this Subclimate, the altitude and the geomorphological barriers exert great influence, in this case, the Cordillera de la Costa prevents the masses of humid air and the winds penetrating to the interior of the region, acting as a climatic screen that allows the development of a climate more Dry and arid. Likewise, when considered at a height from 1,000 M.a.s.l Temperatures are not extreme as in areas over 3,000 M.a.s.l where precipitation is more common. You can specify that this type Subclimatic It has great distribution throughout the region, being the climate with the greatest presence
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